TA Ta, v. t. (continued 6)

THEOCRASY The*oc"ra*sy, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. A mixture of the worship of different gods, as of Jehovah and idols. This syncretistic theocracy by no means excludes in him [Solomon] the proper service of idols. J. Murphy.

2. (Philos.)

Defn: An intimate union of the soul with God in contemplation, — an ideal of the Neoplatonists and of some Oriental mystics.

THEOCRAT The"o*crat, n.

Defn: One who lives under a theocratic form of government; one who in civil affairs conforms to divine law.

THEOCRATIC; THEOCRATICAL The`o*crat"ic, The`o*crat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. théocratique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a theocracy; administred by the immediate direction of God; as, the theocratical state of the Israelites.

THEODICY The*od"i*cy, n. Etym: [NL. theodicæa, fr. Gr. théodicée.]

1. A vindication of the justice of God in ordaining or permitting natural and moral evil.

2. That department of philosophy which treats of the being, perfections, and government of God, and the immortality of the soul. Krauth-Fleming.

THEODOLITE The*od"o*lite, n. Etym: [Probably a corruption of the alidade. See Alidade.]

Defn: An instrument used, especially in trigonometrical surveying, for the accurate measurement of horizontal angles, and also usually of vertical angles. It is variously constructed.

Note: The theodolite consists principally of a telescope, with cross wires in the focus of its object glass, clamped in Y's attached to a frame that is mounted so as to turn both on vertical and horizontal axes, the former carrying a vernier plate on a horizontal graduated plate or circle for azimuthal angles, and the latter a vertical graduated arc or semicircle for altitudes. The whole is furnished with levels and adjusting screws and mounted on a tripod.

THEODOLITIC The*od`o*lit"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a theodolite; made by means of a theodolite; as, theodolitic observations.

THEOGONIC The`o*gon"ic, a.

Defn: Of or relating to theogony.

THEOGONISM The*og"o*nism, n.

Defn: Theogony. [R.]

THEOGONIST The*og"o*nist, n.

Defn: A writer on theogony.

THEOGONY The*og"o*ny, n. Etym: [L. theogonia, Gr. Theism, and Genus.]

Defn: The generation or genealogy of the gods; that branch of heathen theology which deals with the origin and descent of the deities; also, a poem treating of such genealogies; as, the Theogony of Hesiod.

THEOLOGASTER The*ol"o*gas`ter, n. Etym: [Formed like poetaster: cf. F. théologastre.]

Defn: A pretender or quack in theology. [R.] Burton.

THEOLOGER The*ol"o*ger, n.

Defn: A theologian. Cudworth.

THEOLOGIAN The`o*lo"gi*an, n. Etym: [Cf. F. théologien, L. theologus, Gr. Theology.]

Defn: A person well versed in theology; a professor of theology or divinity; a divine.

THEOLOGIC The`o*log"ic, a.

Defn: Theological.

THEOLOGICAL The`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. theologicus, Gr. théologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to theology, or the science of God and of divine things; as, a theological treatise. — The`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

THEOLOGICS The`o*log"ics, n.

Defn: Theology. Young.

THEOLOGIST The*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: A theologian.

THEOLOGIZE The*ol"o*gize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Theologized; p. pr. & vb. n. Theologizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. théologiser.]

Defn: To render theological; to apply to divinity; to reduce to a system of theology. School divinity was but Aristotle's philosophy theologized. Glanvill.

THEOLOGIZE The*ol"o*gize, v. i.

Defn: To frame a system of theology; to theorize or speculate upon theological subjects.

THEOLOGIZER The*ol"o*gi`zer, n.

Defn: One who theologizes; a theologian. [R.] Boyle.

THEOLOGUE The"o*logue, n. Etym: [Cf. L. theologus, Gr. philologue.]

1. A theologian. Dryden. Ye gentle theologues of calmer kind. Young. He [Jerome] was the theologue — and the word is designation enough. I. Taylor.

2. A student in a theological seminary. [Written also theolog.] [Colloq. U.S.]

THEOLOGY The*ol"o*gy, n.; pl. Theologies. Etym: [L. theologia, Gr. théologie. See Theism, and Logic.]

Defn: The science of God or of religion; the science which treats of the existence, character, and attributes of God, his laws and government, the doctrines we are to believe, and the duties we are to practice; divinity; (as more commonly understood) "the knowledge derivable from the Scriptures, the systematic exhibition of revealed truth, the science of Christian faith and life." Many speak of theology as a science of religion [instead of "science of God"] because they disbelieve that there is any knowledge of God to be attained. Prof. R. Flint (Enc. Brit.). Theology is ordered knowledge; representing in the region of the intellect what religion represents in the heart and life of man. Gladstone. Ascetic theology, Natural theology. See Ascetic, Natural. — Moral theology, that phase of theology which is concerned with moral character and conduct. — Revealed theology, theology which is to be learned only from revelation. — Scholastic theology, theology as taught by the scholastics, or as prosecuted after their principles and methods. — Speculative theology, theology as founded upon, or influenced by, speculation or metaphysical philosophy. — Systematic theology, that branch of theology of which the aim is to reduce all revealed truth to a series of statements that together shall constitute an organized whole. E. G. Robinson (Johnson's Cyc.).

THEOMACHIST The*om"a*chist, n. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: One who fights against the gods; one who resists God of the divine will.

THEOMACHY The*om"a*chy, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. A fighting against the gods, as the battle of the gaints with the gods.

2. A battle or strife among the gods. Gladstone.

3. Opposition to God or the divine will. Bacon.

THEOMANCY The"o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. -mancy: cf. F. théomancie, Gr.

Defn: A kind of divination drawn from the responses of oracles among heathen nations.

THEOPATHETIC; THEOPATHIC The`o*pa*thet"ic, The`o*path"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a theopathy.

THEOPATHY The*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Capacity for religious affections or worship.

THEOPHANIC The`o*phan"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a theopany; appearing to man, as a god.

THEOPHANY The*oph"a*ny, n.; pl. -nies. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A manifestation of God to man by actual appearance, usually as an incarnation.

THEOPHILANTHROPIC The`o*phil`an*throp"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to theophilanthropy or the theophilanthropists.

THEOPHILANTHROPISM The`o*phi*lan"thro*pism, n.

Defn: The doctrine of the theophilanthropists; theophilanthropy.

THEOPHILANTHROPIST The`o*phi*lan"thro*pist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. théophilanthrope.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A member of a deistical society established at Paris during the French revolution.

THEOPHILANTHROPY The`o*phi*lan"thro*py, n. Etym: [Gr. philanthropy.]

Defn: Theophilanthropism. Macaulay.

THEOPHILOSOPHIC The`o*phil`o*soph"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. philosophic.]

Defn: Combining theism and philosophy, or pertaining to the combination of theism and philosophy.

THEOPNEUSTED The`op*neus"ted, a.

Defn: Divinely inspired; theopneustic. [R.]

THEOPNEUSTIC The`op*neus"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Given by the inspiration of the Spirit of God.

THEOPNEUSTY The"op*neus`ty, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Divine inspiration; the supernatural influence of the Divine Spirit in qualifying men to receive and communicate revealed truth.

THEORBIST The*or"bist, n. (Mus.)

Defn: One who plays on a theorbo.

THEORBO The*or"bo, n. Etym: [F. théorbe, téorbe, formerly tuorbe, tiorbe, It. tiorba.] (Mus.)

Defn: An instrument made like large lute, but having two necks, with two sets of pegs, the lower set holding the strings governed by frets, while to the upper set were attached the long bass strings used as open notes.

Note: A larger form of theorbo was also called the archlute, and was used chiefly, if not only, as an accompaniment to the voice. Both have long fallen into disuse.

THEOREM The"o*rem, n. Etym: [L. theorema, Gr. théorème. See Theory.]

1. That which is considered and established as a principle; hence, sometimes, a rule. Not theories, but theorems (Coleridge. By the theorems, Which your polite and terser gallants practice, I re-refine the court, and civilize Their barbarous natures. Massinger.

2. (Math.)

Defn: A statement of a principle to be demonstrated.

Note: A theorem is something to be proved, and is thus distinguished from a problem, which is something to be solved. In analysis, the term is sometimes applied to a rule, especially a rule or statement of relations expressed in a formula or by symbols; as, the binomial theorem; Taylor's theorem. See the Note under Proposition, n., 5. Binomial theorem. (Math.) See under Binomial. — Negative theorem, a theorem which expresses the impossibility of any assertion. — Particular theorem (Math.), a theorem which extends only to a particular quantity. — Theorem of Pappus. (Math.) See Centrobaric method, under Centrobaric. — Universal theorem (Math.), a theorem which extends to any quantity without restriction.

THEOREM The"o*rem, v. t.

Defn: To formulate into a theorem.

THEOREMATIC; THEOREMATICAL The`o*re*mat"ic, The`o*re*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a theorem or theorems; comprised in a theorem; consisting of theorems.

THEOREMATIST The`o*rem"a*tist, n.

Defn: One who constructs theorems.

THEOREMIC The`o*rem"ic, a.

Defn: Theorematic. Grew.

THEORETIC; THEORETICAL The`o*ret"ic, The`o*ret"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. theoreticus, F. théorétique.]

Defn: Pertaining to theory; depending on, or confined to, theory or speculation; speculative; terminating in theory or speculation: not practical; as, theoretical learning; theoretic sciences. — The`o*ret"ic*al*ly, adv.

THEORETICS The`o*ret"ics, n.

Defn: The speculative part of a science; speculation. At the very first, with our Lord himself, and his apostles, as represented to us in the New Testament, morals come before contemplation, ethics before theoretics. H. B. Wilson.

THEORIC The*or"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. théorique. See Theory.]

1. Of or pertaining to the theorica.

2. (pron.

Defn: Relating to, or skilled in, theory; theoretically skilled. [Obs.] A man but young, Yet old in judgment, theoric and practic In all humanity. Massinger.

THEORIC The"o*ric, n. Etym: [OF. theorique; cf. L. theorice.]

Defn: Speculation; theory. [Obs.] Shak.

THEORICA The*or"i*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Theory.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: Public moneys expended at Athens on festivals, sacrifices, and public entertainments (especially theatrical performances), and in gifts to the people; — also called theoric fund.

THEORICAL The*or"ic*al, a.

Defn: Theoretic. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

THEORICALLY The*or"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a theoretic manner. [Obs.]

THEORIST The"o*rist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. théoriste.]

Defn: One who forms theories; one given to theory and speculation; a speculatist. Cowper. The greatest theoretists have given the preference to such a government as that which obtains in this kingdom. Addison.

THEORIZATION The`o*ri*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or product of theorizing; the formation of a theory or theories; speculation.

THEORIZE The"o*rize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Theorized; p. pr. & vb. n. Theorizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. théoriser.]

Defn: To form a theory or theories; to form opinions solely by theory; to speculate.

THEORIZER The"o*ri`zer, n.

Defn: One who theorizes or speculates; a theorist.

THEORY The"o*ry, n.; pl. Theories. Etym: [F. théorie, L. theoria, Gr. Theater.]

1. A doctrine, or scheme of things, which terminates in speculation or contemplation, without a view to practice; hypothesis; speculation.

Note: "This word is employed by English writers in a very loose and improper sense. It is with them usually convertible into hypothesis, and hypothesis is commonly used as another term for conjecture. The terms theory and theoretical are properly used in opposition to the terms practice and practical. In this sense, they were exclusively employed by the ancients; and in this sense, they are almost exclusively employed by the Continental philosophers." Sir W. Hamilton.

2. An exposition of the general or abstract principles of any science; as, the theory of music.

3. The science, as distinguished from the art; as, the theory and practice of medicine.

4. The philosophical explanation of phenomena, either physical or moral; as, Lavoisier's theory of combustion; Adam Smith's theory of moral sentiments. Atomic theory, Binary theory, etc. See under Atomic, Binary, etc.

Syn. — Hypothesis, speculation. — Theory, Hypothesis. A theory is a scheme of the relations subsisting between the parts of a systematic whole; an hypothesis is a tentative conjecture respecting a cause of phenomena.

THEOSOPH; THEOSOPHER The"o*soph, The*os"o*pher, n.

Defn: A theosophist.

THEOSOPHIC; THEOSOPHICAL The`o*soph"ic, The`o*soph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. théosophique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to theosophy. — The`o*soph"ic*al*ly, adv.

THEOSOPHISM The*os"o*phism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. théosophisme.]

Defn: Belief in theosophy. Murdock.

THEOSOPHIST The*os"o*phist, n.

Defn: One addicted to theosophy. The theosophist is one who gives you a theory of God, or of the works of God, which has not reason, but an inspiration of his own, for its basis. R. A. Vaughan.

THEOSOPHISTICAL The*os`o*phis"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to theosophy; theosophical.

THEOSOPHIZE The*os"o*phize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Theosophized; p. pr. & vb. n. Theosophizing.]

Defn: To practice theosophy. [R.]

THEOSOPHY The*os"o*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. théosophie.]

Defn: Any system of philosophy or mysticism which proposes to attain intercourse with God and superior spirits, and consequent superhuman knowledge, by physical processes, as by the theurgic operations of some ancient Platonists, or by the chemical processes of the German fire philosophers; also, a direct, as distinguished from a revealed, knowledge of God, supposed to be attained by extraordinary illumination; especially, a direct insight into the processes of the divine mind, and the interior relations of the divine nature.

THERAPEUTAE Ther`a*peu"tæ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Therapeutic.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A name given to certain ascetics said to have anciently dwelt in the neighborhood of Alexandria. They are described in a work attributed to Philo, the genuineness and credibility of which are now much discredited.

THERAPEUTIC; THERAPEUTICAL Ther`a*peu"tic, Ther`a*peu"tic*al, a. Etym: [F. thérapeutique, Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the healing art; concerned in discovering and applying remedies for diseases; curative. "Therapeutic or curative physic." Sir T. Browne. Medicine is justly distributed into "prophylactic," or the art of preserving health, and therapeutic, or the art of restoring it. I. Watts.

THERAPEUTIC Ther`a*peu"tic, n.

Defn: One of the Therapeutæ.

THERAPEUTICS Ther`a*peu"tics, n. Etym: [Cf. F. thérapeutique.]

Defn: That part of medical science which treats of the discovery and application of remedies for diseases.

THERAPEUTIST Ther`a*peu"tist, n.

Defn: One versed in therapeutics, or the discovery and application of remedies.

THERAPY Ther"a*py, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Therapeutics.

THERE There, adv. Etym: [OE. ther, AS. th\'d6r; akin to D. daar, G. da, OHG. dar, Sw. & Dan. der, Icel. & Goth. Þar, Skr. tarhi then, and E. that. *184. See That, pron.]

1. In or at that place. "[They] there left me and my man, both bound together." Shak. The Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed. Ge. ii. 8.

Note: In distinction from here, there usually signifies a place farther off. "Darkness there might well seem twilight here." Milton.

2. In that matter, relation, etc.; at that point, stage, etc., regarded as a distinct place; as, he did not stop there, but continued his speech. The law that theaten'd death becomes thy friend And turns it to exile; there art thou happy. Shak.

3. To or into that place; thither. The rarest that e'er came there. Shak.

Note: There is sometimes used by way of exclamation, calling the attention to something, especially to something distant; as, there, there! see there! look there! There is often used as an expletive, and in this use, when it introduces a sentence or clause, the verb precedes its subject. A knight there was, and that a worthy man. Chaucer. There is a path which no fowl knoweth. Job xxviii. 7. Wherever there is a sense or perception, there some idea is actually produced. Locke. There have been that have delivered themselves from their ills by their good fortune or virtue. Suckling.

Note: There is much used in composition, and often has the sense of a pronoun. See Thereabout, Thereafter, Therefrom, etc.

Note: There was formerly used in the sense of where. Spend their good there it is reasonable. Chaucer. Here and there, in one place and another.

Syn. — See Thither.

THEREABOUT; THEREABOUTS There"a*bout`, There"a*bouts`, adv. Etym: [The latter spelling is less proper, but more commonly used.]

1. Near that place.

2. Near that number, degree, or quantity; nearly; as, ten men, or thereabouts. Five or six thousand horse . . . or thereabouts. Shak. Some three months since, or thereabout. Suckling.

3. Concerning that; about that. [R.] What will ye dine I will go thereabout. Chaucer. They were much perplexed thereabout. Luke xxiv. 4.

THEREAFTER There*af"ter, adv. Etym: [AS. th\'d6ræfter after that. See There, and After.]

1. After that; afterward.

2. According to that; accordingly. I deny not but that it is of greatest concernment in the church and commonwealth to have a vigilant eye how books demean themselves as well as men; and thereafter to confine, imprison, and do sharpest justice on them as malefactors. Milton.

3. Of that sort. [Obs.] "My audience is not thereafter." Latimer.

THEREAGAIN There"a*gain`, adv.

Defn: In opposition; against one's course. [Obs.] If that him list to stand thereagain. Chaucer.

THERE-ANENT There"-a*nent`, adv.

Defn: Concerning that. [Scot.]

THEREAT There*at", adv.

1. At that place; there. Wide is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruction, and many there be which go in thereat. Matt. vii. 13.

2. At that occurrence or event; on that account. Every error is a stain to the beauty of nature; for which cause it blusheth thereat. Hooker.

THEREBEFORE; THEREBIFORN There`be*fore", There`bi*forn", adv.

Defn: Before that time; beforehand. [Obs.] Many a winter therebiforn. Chaucer.

THEREBY There*by", adv.

1. By that; by that means; in consequence of that. Acquaint now thyself with him, and be at peace; thereby good shall come unto thee. Job xxii. 21.

2. Annexed to that. "Thereby hangs a tale." Shak.

3. Thereabout; — said of place, number, etc. Chaucer.

THEREFOR There*for", adv. Etym: [There + for. Cf. Therefore.]

Defn: For that, or this; for it. With certain officers ordained therefore. Chaucer.

THEREFORE There"fore, conj. & adv. Etym: [OE. therfore. See There, and Fore, adv., For, and cf. Therefor.]

1. For that or this reason, referring to something previously stated; for that. I have married a wife, and therefore I can not come. Luke xiv. 20. Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we have therefore Matt. xix. 27.

2. Consequently; by consequence. He blushes; therefore he is guilty. Spectator.

Syn. — See Then.

THEREFROM There*from", adv.

Defn: From this or that. Turn not aside therefrom to the right hand or to the left. John. xxiii. 6.

THEREIN There*in", adv.

Defn: In that or this place, time, or thing; in that particular or respect. Wyclif. He pricketh through a fair forest, Therein is many a wild beast. Chaucer. Bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein. Gen. ix. 7. Therein our letters do not well agree. Shak.

THEREINTO There`in*to", adv.

Defn: Into that or this, or into that place. Bacon. Let not them . . . enter thereinto. Luke xxi. 21.

THEREOF There*of", adv.

Defn: Of that or this. In the day that thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die. Gen. ii. 17.

THEREOLOGY The`re*ol"o*gy, n.

Defn: Therapeutios.

THEREON There*on", adv. Etym: [AS. . See There, and On.]

Defn: On that or this. Chaucer. Then the king said, Hang him thereon. Esther vii. 9.

THEREOUT There*out", adv.

1. Out of that or this. He shall take thereout his handful of the flour. Lev. ii. 2.

2. On the outside; out of doors. [Obs.] Chaucer.

THERETO There*to", adv.

1. To that or this. Chaucer.

2. Besides; moreover. [Obs.] Spenser. Her mouth full small, and thereto soft and red. Chaucer.

THERETOFORE There`to*fore", adv.

Defn: Up to that time; before then; — correlative with heretofore.

THEREUNDER There*un"der, adv.

Defn: Under that or this.

THEREUNTO There`un*to", adv.

Defn: Unto that or this; thereto; besides. Shak.

THEREUPON There`up*on", adv.

1. Upon that or this; thereon. "They shall feed thereupon." Zeph. ii. 7.

2. On account, or in consequence, of that; therefore. [He] hopes to find you forward, . . . And thereupon he sends you this good news. Shak.

3. Immediately; at once; without delay.

THEREWHILE There*while", adv.

Defn: At that time; at the same time. [Obs.] Laud.

THEREWITH There*with", adv.

1. With that or this. "I have learned in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be content." Phil. iv. 11.

2. In addition; besides; moreover. To speak of strength and therewith hardiness. Chaucer.

3. At the same time; forthwith. [Obs.] Johnson.

THEREWITHAL There`with*al", adv.

1. Over and above; besides; moreover. [Obs.] Daniel. And therewithal it was full poor and bad. Chaucer.

2. With that or this; therewith; at the same time. Thy slanders I forgive; and therewithal Remit thy other forfeits. Shak. And therewithal one came and seized on her, And Enid started waking. Tennyson.

THERF Therf, a. Etym: [AS. ; akin to OHG. derb, Icel. .]

Defn: Not fermented; unleavened; — said of bread, loaves, etc. [Obs.] Pask and the feast of therf loaves. Wyclif.

THERIAC; THERIACA The"ri*ac, The*ri"a*ca, n. Etym: [L. theriaca an antidote against the bite of serpents, Gr. thériaque. See Treacle.]

1. (Old Med.)

Defn: An ancient composition esteemed efficacious against the effects of poison; especially, a certain compound of sixty-four drugs, prepared, pulverized, and reduced by means of honey to an electuary; — called also theriaca Andromachi, and Venice treacle.

2. Treacle; molasses. British Pharm.

THERIAC; THERIACAL The"ri*ac, The*ri"a*cal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. thériacal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to theriac; medicinal. "Theriacal herbs." Bacon.

THERIAL The"ri*al, a.

Defn: Theriac. [R.] Holland.

THERIODONT The"ri*o*dont, n. (Paleon.)

Defn: One of the Theriodontia. Used also adjectively.

THERIODONTA The`ri*o*don"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Same as Theriodontia.

THERIODONTIA The`ri*o*don"ti*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct order of reptiles found in the Permian and Triassic formations in South Africa. In some respects they resembled carnivorous mammals. Called also Theromorpha.

Note: They had biconcave vertebræ, ambulatory limbs, and a well- developed pelvis and shoulder girdle. Some of the species had large maxillary teeth. The head somewhat resembled that of a turtle. The Dicynodont is one of the best-known examples. See Dicynodont.

THERIOTOMY The`ri*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Zoötomy.

THERMAE Ther"mæ, n. pl. Etym: [L. See Thermal.]

Defn: Springs or baths of warm or hot water.

THERMAL Ther"mal, a. Etym: [L. thermae hot springs, fr. Gr. formus warm, and E. forceps.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to heat; warm; hot; as, the thermal unit; thermal waters. The thermal condition of the earth. J. D. Forbes. Thermal conductivity, Thermal spectrum. See under Conductivity, and Spectrum. — Thermal unit (Physics), a unit chosen for the comparison or calculation of quantities of heat. The unit most commonly employed is the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one gram or one pound of water from zero to one degree Centigrade. See Calorie, and under Unit.

THERMALLY Ther"mal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a thermal manner.

THERMANTIDOTE Ther*man"ti*dote, n. [Gr. heat + E. antidote.]

Defn: A device for circulating and cooling the air, consisting essentially of a kind of roasting fan fitted in a window and incased in wet tatties. [India]

Will you bring me to book on the mountains, or where the thermantidotes play Kipling.

THERMETOGRAPH Ther*met"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.]

Defn: A self-registering thermometer, especially one that registers the maximum and minimum during long periods. Nichol.

THERMIC Ther"mic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to heat; due to heat; thermal; as, thermic lines. Thermic balance. See Bolometer. — Thermic fever (Med.), the condition of fever produced by sunstroke. See Sunstroke. — Thermic weight. (Mech.) Same as Heat weight, under Heat.

THERMIDOR Ther`mi`dor", n. Etym: [F., fr. Gr.

Defn: The eleventh month of the French republican calendar, — commencing July 19, and ending August 17. See the Note under Vendémiaire.

THERMIFUGINE Ther*mif"u*gine, n. Etym: [Gr. fugere to flee.] (Chem.)

Defn: An artificial alkaloid of complex composition, resembling thalline and used as an antipyretic, — whence its name.

THERMO- Ther"mo-.

Defn: A combining form from Gr. qe`rmh heat, qermo`s hot, warm; as in thermochemistry, thermodynamic.

THERMOANAESTHESIA; THERMOANESTHESIA Ther`mo*an`æs*the"si*a or -an`es*the"si*a, n. [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: Loss of power to distinguish heat or cold by touch.

THERMOBAROGRAPH Ther`mo*bar"o*graph, n. (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for recording simultaneously the pressure and temperature of a gas; a combined thermograph and barograph.

THERMOBAROMETER Ther`mo*ba*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Thermo- + barometer.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for determining altitudes by the boiling point of water.

THERMOBATTERY Ther`mo*bat"ter*y, n. Etym: [Thermo- + battery.]

Defn: A thermoelectric battery; a thermopile.

THERMOCAUTERY Ther`mo*cau"ter*y, n. Etym: [Thermo- + cautery.] (Surg.)

Defn: Cautery by the application of heat. Paquelin's thermocautery, thermocautery by means of a hollow platinum point, which is kept constantly hot by the passage through it of benzine vapor.

THERMOCHEMIC; THERMOCHEMICAL Ther`mo*chem"ic, Ther`mo*chem"ic*al, a. (Chem. Physics)

Defn: Of or pertaining to thermochemistry; obtained by, or employed in, thermochemistry.

THERMOCHEMISTRY Ther`mo*chem"is*try, n. Etym: [Thermo- + chemistry.]

Defn: That branch of chemical science which includes the investigation of the various relations existing between chemical action and that manifestation of force termed heat, or the determination of the heat evolved by, or employed in, chemical actions.

THERMOCHROIC Ther`mo*chro"ic, a. [Thermo-+ Gr. , , color.]

Defn: Pert. to or designating heat rays that have undergone selective absorption and are therefore analogous to colored light rays.

THERMOCHROSY Ther*moch"ro*sy, n. Etym: [Thermo- + Gr. (Physics)

Defn: The property possessed by heat of being composed, like light, of rays of different degrees of refrangibility, which are unequal in rate or degree of transmission through diathermic substances.

THERMOCOUPLE Ther"mo*cou`ple, n.

Defn: A thermoelectric couple.

THERMOCURRENT Ther"mo*cur`rent, n. Etym: [Thermo- + current.] (Physics)

Defn: A current, as of electricity, developed, or set in motion, by the action of heat.

THERMODIN Ther"mo*din, n. [G., fr. Gr. heat.] (Pharm.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance derived from urethane, used in medicine as an antipyretic, etc.

THERMODYNAMIC Ther`mo*dy*nam"ic, a. Etym: [Thermo- + dynamic.] (Physics)

Defn: Relating to thermodynamics; caused or operated by force due to the application of heat. Thermodynamic function. See Heat weight, under Heat.

THERMODYNAMICS Ther`mo*dy*nam"ics, n.

Defn: The science which treats of the mechanical action or relations of heat.

THERMOELECTRIC Ther`mo*e*lec"tric, a. (Physics)

Defn: Pertaining to thermoelectricity; as, thermoelectric currents.

THERMOELECTRIC COUPLE; THERMOELECTRIC PAIR Ther`mo*e*lec"tric couple or pair. (Elec.)

Defn: A union of two conductors, as bars or wires of dissimilar metals joined at their extremities, for producing a thermoelectric current.

THERMOELECTRICITY Ther`mo*e`lec*tric"i*ty, n. Etym: [Thermo- + electricity: cf. F. thermoélectricité.] (Physics)

Defn: Electricity developed in the action of heat. See the Note under Electricity.

THERMOELECTROMETER Ther`mo*e`lec*trom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Thermo- + electrometer.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the strength of an electric current in the heat which it produces, or for determining the heat developed by such a current.

THERMOGEN Ther"mo*gen, n. Etym: [Thermo- + -gen.] (Old Chem.)

Defn: Caloric; heat; regarded as a material but imponderable substance.

THERMOGENIC Ther`mo*gen"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to heat, or to the production of heat; producing heat; thermogenous; as, the thermogenic tissues.

THERMOGENOUS Ther*mog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Thermo- + -genous.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Producing heat; thermogenic.

THERMOGRAM Ther"mo*gram, n. (Physics)

Defn: The trace or record made by means of a thermograph.

THERMOGRAPH Ther"mo*graph, n. Etym: [Thermo- + -graph.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for automatically recording indications of the variation of temperature.

THERMOGRAPHY Ther*mog"ra*phy, n. [Thermo-+ -graphy.]

Defn: Any process of writing involving the use of heat.

THERMOJUNCTION Ther`mo*junc"tion, n. (Elec.)

Defn: A junction of two dissimilar conductors used to produce a thermoelectric current, as in one form of pyrometer; a thermocouple.

THERMOLOGY Ther*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Thermo- + -logy.]

Defn: A discourse on, or an account of, heat. Whewell.

THERMOLUMINESCENCE Ther`mo*lu`mi*nes"cence, n. (Physics)

Defn: Luminescence exhibited by a substance on being moderately heated. It is shown esp. by certain substances that have been exposed to the action of light or to the cathode rays. —-lu`mi*nes"cent (#), a.

THERMOLYSIS Ther*mol"y*sis, n. Etym: [Thermo- + Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: The resolution of a compound into parts by heat; dissociation by heat.

THERMOLYTIC Ther`mo*lyt"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to thermolysis.

THERMOLYZE Ther"mo*lyze, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To subject to thermolysis; to dissociate by heat.

THERMOMAGNETISM Ther`mo*mag"net*ism, n. Etym: [Thermo- + magnetism.]

Defn: Magnetism as affected or caused by the action of heat; the relation of heat to magnetism.

THERMOMETER Ther*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Thermo- + -meter: cf. F. thermomètre. See Thermal.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring temperature, founded on the principle that changes of temperature in bodies are accompained by proportional changes in their volumes or dimensions.

Note: The thermometer usually consists of a glass tube of capillary bore, terminating in a bulb, and containing mercury or alcohol, which expanding or contracting according to the temperature to which it is exposed, indicates the degree of heat or cold by the amount of space occupied, as shown by the position of the top of the liquid column on a graduated scale. See Centigrade, Fahrenheit, and Réaumur. To reduce degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Centigrade, substract 32° and multiply by Air thermometer, Balance thermometer, etc. See under Air, Balance, etc. — Metallic thermometer, a form of thermometer indicating changes of temperature by the expansion or contraction of rods or strips of metal. — Register thermometer, or Self-registering thermometer, a thermometer that registers the maximum and minimum of temperature occurring in the interval of time between two consecutive settings of the instrument. A common form contains a bit of steel wire to be pushed before the column and left at the point of maximum temperature, or a slide of enamel, which is drawn back by the liquid, and left within it at the point of minimum temperature.

THERMOMETRIC; THERMOMETRICAL Ther`mo*met"ric, Ther`mo*met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. thermométrique.]

1. Of or pertaining to a thermometer; as, the thermometrical scale or tube.

2. Made, or ascertained, by means of a thermometer; as, thermometrical observations.

THERMOMETRICALLY Ther`mo*met"ric*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a thermometrical manner; by means of a thermometer.

THERMOMETROGRAPH Ther`mo*met"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Thermo- + Gr. -graph.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for recording graphically the variations of temperature, or the indications of a thermometer.

THERMOMETRY Ther*mom"e*try, n.

Defn: The estimation of temperature by the use of a thermometric apparatus.

THERMOMOTOR Ther`mo*mo"tor, n.

Defn: A heat engine; a hot-air engine.

THERMOMULTIPLIER Ther`mo*mul"ti*pli`er, n. Etym: [Thermo- + multiplier.]

Defn: Same as Thermopile.

THERMONEUROSIS Ther`mo*neu*ro"sis, n. [NL.] (Med.) (a) A neurosis caused by exposure to heat. (b) A neurosis causing rise or fall of a body's temperature.

THERMONEUTRALITY Ther`mo*neu*tral"i*ty, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Neutrality as regards heat effects.

THERMOPHILIC Ther`mo*phil"ic, a. [Thermo-+ Gr. loving + -ic.]

Defn: Heat-loving; — applied esp. to certain bacteria.

THERMOPHONE Ther"mo*phone, n. [Thermo- + phone.]

1. A portable form of telethermometer, using a telephone in connection with a differential thermometer.

2. A telephone involving heat effects, as changes in temperature (hence in length) due to pulsations of the line current in a fine wire connected with the receiver diaphragm.

THERMOPHORE Ther"mo*phore, n. [Thermo- + Gr. -bearing, fr. to bear.]

Defn: An apparatus for conveying heat, as a case containing material which retains its heat for a considerable period.

THERMOPILE Ther"mo*pile, n. Etym: [Thermo- + pile a heap.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument of extreme sensibility, used to determine slight differences and degrees of heat. It is composed of alternate bars of antimony and bismuth, or any two metals having different capacities for the conduction of heat, connected with an astatic galvanometer, which is very sensibly affected by the electric current induced in the system of bars when exposed even to the feeblest degrees of heat.

THERMOREGULATOR Ther`mo*reg"u*la`tor, n. (Physics)

Defn: A device for the automatic regulation of temperature; a thermostat.

THERMOSCOPE Ther"mo*scope, n. Etym: [Thermo- + -scope.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for indicating changes of temperature without indicating the degree of heat by which it is affected; especially, an instrument contrived by Count Rumford which, as modified by Professor Leslie, was afterward called the differential thermometer.

THERMOSCOPIC Ther`mo*scop"ic, a. (Physics)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the thermoscope; made by means of the thermoscope; as, thermoscopic observations.

THERMOSIPHON Ther`mo*si"phon, n.

Defn: An arrangement of siphon tubes for assisting circulation in a liquid.

THERMOSTABLE Ther`mo*sta"ble, a. [Thermo-+ stable fixed.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Capable of being heated to or somewhat above 55º C. without loss of special properties; — said of immune substances, etc.

THERMOSTAT Ther"mo*stat, n. Etym: [Thermo- + Gr. (Physics)

Defn: A self-acting apparatus for regulating temperature by the unequal expansion of different metals, liquids, or gases by heat, as in opening or closing the damper of a stove, or the like, as the heat becomes greater or less than is desired.

THERMOSTATIC Ther`mo*stat"ic, a. (Physics)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the thermostat; made or effected by means of the thermostat.

THERMOSYSTALTIC Ther`mo*sys*tal"tic, a. Etym: [Thermo- + systalic.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Influenced in its contraction by heat or cold; — said of a muscle.

THERMOTACTIC Ther`mo*tac"tic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or retaining to thermotaxis.

THERMOTANK Ther"mo*tank, n. [Thermo- + ank.]

Defn: A tank containing pipes through which circulates steam, water, air, or the like, for heating or cooling; — used in some heating and ventilation systems.

THERMOTAXIC Ther`mo*tax"ic, a. Etym: [Thermo- + Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or connected with, the regulation of temperature in the animal body; as, the thermotaxic nervous system.

THERMOTAXIS Ther`mo*tax"is, n. [NL.; thermo-+ Gr. an arranging.] (Physiol.) (a) The property possessed by protoplasm of moving under the influence of heat. (b) Determination of the direction of locomotion by heat.

THERMOTENSILE Ther`mo*ten"sile, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the variation of tensile strength with the temperature.

THERMOTENSION Ther`mo*ten"sion, n. Etym: [Thermo- + tension.]

Defn: A process of increasing the strength of wrought iron by heating it to a determinate temperature, and giving to it, while in that state, a mechanical strain or tension in the direction in which the strength is afterward to be exerted.

THERMOTHERAPY Ther`mo*ther"a*py, n. [Thermo-+ therapy.] (Med.)

Defn: Treatment of disease by heat, esp. by hot air.

THERMOTIC; THERMOTICAL Ther*mot"ic, Ther*mot"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to heat; produced by heat; as, thermotical phenomena. Whewell.

THERMOTICS Ther*mot"ics, n.

Defn: The science of heat. Whewell.

THERMOTONUS Ther*mot"o*nus, n. [NL.; thermo-+ tonus.] (Plant Physiol.)

Defn: A condition of tonicity with respect to temperature.

THERMOTROPIC Ther`mo*trop"ic, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Manifesting thermotropism.

THERMOTROPISM Ther*mot"ro*pism, n. Etym: [Thermo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The phenomenon of turning towards a source of warmth, seen in the growing parts of some plants.

THERMOTYPE Ther"mo*type, n. Etym: [Thermo- + -type.]

Defn: A picture (as of a slice of wood) obtained by first wetting the object slightly with hydrochloric or dilute sulphuric acid, then taking an impression with a press, and next strongly heating this impression.

THERMOTYPY Ther*mot"y*py, n.

Defn: The art or process of obtaining thermotypes.

THERMOVOLTAIC Ther`mo*vol*ta"ic, a. Etym: [Thermo- + voltaic.] (Physics)

Defn: Of or relating to heat and electricity; especially, relating to thermal effects produced by voltaic action. Faraday.

THEROID The"roid, a. [Gr. qh`r, qhro`s, wild beast + -oid.] (Med.)

Defn: Resembling a beast in nature or habit; marked by animal characteristics; as, theroid idiocy.

THEROMORPHA The`ro*mor"pha, n. pl. Etym: [NL.: Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: See Theriodonta.

THEROPODA The*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An order of carnivorous dinosaurs in which the feet are less birdlike, and hence more like those of an ordinary quadruped, than in the Ornithopoda. It includes the repacious genera Megalosaurus, Creosaurus, and their allies.

THESAURUS The*sau"rus, n.; pl. Thesauri. Etym: [L. See Treasure.]

Defn: A treasury or storehouse; hence, a repository, especially of knowledge; — often applied to a comprehensive work, like a dictionary or cyclopedia.

THESE These, pron. Etym: [OE. , , a variant of , pl. of , thes, this. See This, and cf. Those.]

Defn: The plural of this. See This.

THESICLE Thes"i*cle, n. Etym: [Dim. of thesis.]

Defn: A little or subordinate thesis; a proposition.

THESIS The"sis, n.; pl. Theses. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Do, and cf. Anathema, Apothecary, Epithet, Hypothesis, Parenthesis, Theme, Tick a cover.]

1. A position or proposition which a person advances and offers to maintain, or which is actually maintained by argument.

2. Hence, an essay or dissertation written upon specific or definite theme; especially, an essay presented by a candidate for a diploma or degree. I told them of the grave, becoming, and sublime deportment they should assume upon this mystical occasion, and read them two homilies and a thesis of my own composing, to prepare them. Goldsmith.

3. (Logic)

Defn: An affirmation, or distinction from a supposition or hypothesis.

4. (Mus.)

Defn: The accented part of the measure, expressed by the downward beat; — the opposite of arsis.

5. (Pros.) (a) The depression of the voice in pronouncing the syllables of a word. (b) The part of the foot upon which such a depression falls.

THESMOTHETE Thes"mo*thete, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A lawgiver; a legislator; one of the six junior archons at Athens.

THESPIAN Thes"pi*an, a. Etym: [From L. Thespis, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Thespis; hence, relating to the drama; dramatic; as, the Thespian art. — n.

Defn: An actor.

THESSALIAN Thes*sa"li*an, a. Etym: [Cf. L. Thessalius.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Thessaly in Greece. Shak. — n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Thessaly.

THESSALONIAN Thes`sa*lo"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Thessalonica, a city of Macedonia. — n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Thessalonica.

THETA The"ta, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. qh a, the Greek letter th,

Defn: A letter of the Greek alphabet corresponding to th in English; — sometimes called the unlucky letter, from being used by the judges on their ballots in passing condemnation on a prisoner, it being the first letter of the Greek qa`natos, death. Theta function (Math.), one of a group of functions used in developing the properties of elliptic functions.

THETICAL Thet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Thesis.]

Defn: Laid down; absolute or positive, as a law. Dr. H. More.

THETINE The"tine, n. Etym: [Thio + ether + sulphine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of a series of complex basic sulphur compounds analogous to the sulphines.

THEURGIC; THEURGICAL The*ur"gic, The*ur"gic*al, a. Etym: [L. theurgicus, Gr. théurgique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to theurgy; magical. Theurgic hymns, songs of incantation.

THEURGIST The"ur*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. théurgiste.]

Defn: One who pretends to, or is addicted to, theurgy. Hallywell.

THEURGY The"ur*gy, n. Etym: [L. theurgia, Gr. théurgie. See Theism, and Work.]

1. A divine work; a miracle; hence, magic; sorcery.

2. A kind of magical science or art developed in Alexandria among the Neoplatonists, and supposed to enable man to influence the will of the gods by means of purification and other sacramental rites. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

3. In later or modern magic, that species of magic in which effects are claimed to be produced by supernatural agency, in distinction from natural magic.

THEW Thew, n.

Note: [Chiefly used in the plural Thews (.] Etym: [OE. thew, , manner, habit, strength, AS. manner, habit (cf. to drive); akin to OS. thau custom, habit, OHG. dou. *56.]

1. Manner; custom; habit; form of behavior; qualities of mind; disposition; specifically, good qualities; virtues. [Obs.] For her great light Of sapience, and for her thews clear. Chaucer. Evil speeches destroy good thews. Wyclif (1 Cor. xv. 33). To be upbrought in gentle thews and martial might. Spenser.

2. Muscle or strength; nerve; brawn; sinew. Shak. And I myself, who sat apart And watched them, waxed in every limb; I felt the thews of Anakim, The pules of a Titan's heart. Tennyson.

THEWED Thewed, a.

1. Furnished with thews or muscles; as, a well-thewed limb.

2. Accustomed; mannered. [Obs.] John Skelton. Yet would not seem so rude and thewed ill. Spenser.

THEWY Thew"y, a.

Defn: Having strong or large thews or muscles; muscular; sinewy; strong.

THEY They, pron. pl.; poss. Theirs; obj. Them. Etym: [Icel. þeir they, properly nom. pl. masc. of sa, su, þat, a demonstrative pronoun, akin to the English definite article, AS. se, seó, edhæt, nom. pl. edha. See That.]

Defn: The plural of he, she, or it. They is never used adjectively, but always as a pronoun proper, and sometimes refers to persons without an antecedent expressed. Jolif and glad they went unto here [their] rest And casten hem [them] full early for to sail. Chaucer. They of Italy salute you. Heb. xiii. 24. Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness. Matt. v. 6.

Note: They is used indefinitely, as our ancestors used man, and as the French use on; as, they say (French on dit), that is, it is said by persons not specified.

THIALDINE Thi*al"dine, n. Etym: [Thio- + aldehyde + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A weak nitrogenous sulphur base, C6H13NS2.

THIALOL Thi"al*ol, n. Etym: [Thio- + alcohol + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless oily liquid, (C2H5)2S2, having a strong garlic odor; — called also ethyl disulphide. By extension, any one of the series of related compounds.

THIBETAN Thib"e*tan, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Thibet. — n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Thibet.

THIBET CLOTH Thib"et cloth`. (a) A fabric made of coarse goat's hair; a kind of camlet. (b) A kind of fine woolen cloth, used for dresses, cloaks, etc.

THIBETIAN Thi*be"tian, a. & n.

Defn: Same as Thibetan.

THIBLE Thi"ble, n.

Defn: A slice; a skimmer; a spatula; a pudding stick. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Ainsworth.

THICK Thick, a. [Compar. Thicker; superl. Thickest.] Etym: [OE. thicke, AS. ; akin to D. dik, OS. thikki, OHG. dicchi thick, dense, G. dick thick, Icel. , , and probably to Gael. & Ir. tiugh. Cf. Tight.]

1. Measuring in the third dimension other than length and breadth, or in general dimension other than length; — said of a solid body; as, a timber seven inches thick. Were it as thick as is a branched oak. Chaucer. My little finger shall be thicker than my father's loins. 1 Kings xii. 10.

2. Having more depth or extent from one surface to its opposite than usual; not thin or slender; as, a thick plank; thick cloth; thick paper; thick neck.

3. Dense; not thin; inspissated; as, thick vapors. Also used figuratively; as, thick darkness. Make the gruel thick and slab. Shak.

4. Not transparent or clear; hence, turbid, muddy, or misty; as, the water of a river is apt to be thick after a rain. "In a thick, misty day." Sir W. Scott.

5. Abundant, close, or crowded in space; closely set; following in quick succession; frequently recurring. The people were gathered thick together. Luke xi. 29. Black was the forest; thick with beech it stood. Dryden.

6. Not having due distinction of syllables, or good articulation; indistinct; as, a thick utterance.

7. Deep; profound; as, thick sleep. [R.] Shak.

8. Dull; not quick; as, thick of fearing. Shak. His dimensions to any thick sight were invincible. Shak.

9. Intimate; very friendly; familiar. [Colloq.] We have been thick ever since. T. Hughes.

Note: Thick is often used in the formation of compounds, most of which are self-explaining; as, thick-barred, thick-bodied, thick- coming, thick-cut, thick-flying, thick-growing, thick-leaved, thick- lipped, thick-necked, thick-planted, thick-ribbed, thick-shelled, thick-woven, and the like. Thick register. (Phon.) See the Note under Register, n., 7. — Thick stuff (Naut.), all plank that is more than four inches thick and less than twelve. J. Knowles.

Syn. — Dense; close; compact; solid; gross; coarse.

THICK Thick, n.

1. The thickest part, or the time when anything is thickest. In the thick of the dust and smoke. Knolles.

2. A thicket; as, gloomy thicks. [Obs.] Drayton. Through the thick they heard one rudely rush. Spenser. He through a little window cast his sight Through thick of bars, that gave a scanty light. Dryden. Thick-and-thin block (Naut.), a fiddle block. See under Fiddle. — Through thick and thin, through all obstacles and difficulties, both great and small. Through thick and thin she followed him. Hudibras. He became the panegyrist, through thick and thin, of a military frenzy. Coleridge.

THICK Thick, adv. Etym: [AS. þicce.]

1. Frequently; fast; quick.

2. Closely; as, a plat of ground thick sown.

3. To a great depth, or to a greater depth than usual; as, land covered thick with manure. Thick and threefold, in quick succession, or in great numbers. [Obs.] L'Estrange.

THICK Thick, v. t. & i. Etym: [Cf. AS. .]

Defn: To thicken. [R.] The nightmare Life-in-death was she, Who thicks man's blood with cold. Coleridge.

THICKBILL Thick"bill`, n.

Defn: The bullfinch. [Prov. Eng.]

THICKEN Thick"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thickened; p. pr. & vb. n. Thickening.]

Defn: To make thick (in any sense of the word). Specifically: — (a) To render dense; to inspissate; as, to thicken paint. (b) To make close; to fill up interstices in; as, to thicken cloth; to thicken ranks of trees or men. (c) To strengthen; to confirm. [Obs.] And this may to thicken other proofs. Shak.

(d) To make more frequent; as, to thicken blows.

THICKEN Thick"en, v. i.

Defn: To become thick. "Thy luster thickens when he shines by." Shak. The press of people thickens to the court. Dryden. The combat thickens, like the storm that flies. Dryden.

THICKENING Thick"en*ing, n.

Defn: Something put into a liquid or mass to make it thicker.

THICKET Thick"et, n. Etym: [AS. . See Thick, a.]

Defn: A wood or a collection of trees, shrubs, etc., closely set; as, a ram caught in a thicket. Gen. xxii. 13.

THICKHEAD Thick"head`, n.

1. A thick-headed or stupid person. [Colloq.]

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of Australian singing birds of the genus Pachycephala. The males of some of the species are bright- colored. Some of the species are popularly called thrushes.

THICK-HEADED Thick"-head`ed, a.

Defn: Having a thick skull; stupid.

THICKISH Thick"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat thick.

THICK-KNEE Thick"-knee`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A stone curlew. See under Stone.

THICKLY Thick"ly, adv.

Defn: In a thick manner; deeply; closely.

THICKNESS Thick"ness, n. Etym: [AS. .]

Defn: The quality or state of being thick (in any of the senses of the adjective).

THICKSET Thick"set`, a.

1. Close planted; as, a thickset wood; a thickset hedge. Dryden.

2. Having a short, thick body; stout.

THICKSET Thick"set`, n.

1. A close or thick hedge.

2. A stout, twilled cotton cloth; a fustian corduroy, or velveteen. McElrath.

THICKSKIN Thick"skin`, n.

Defn: A coarse, gross person; a person void of sensibility or sinsitiveness; a dullard.

THICK-SKINNED Thick"-skinned`, a.

Defn: Having a thick skin; hence, not sensitive; dull; obtuse. Holland.

THICKSKULL Thick"skull`, n.

Defn: A dullard, or dull person; a blockhead; a numskull. Entick.

THICK-SKULLED Thick"-skulled`, a.

Defn: Having a thick skull; hence, dull; heavy; stupid; slow to learn.

THICK WIND Thick" wind`. (Far.)

Defn: A defect of respiration in a horse, that is unassociated with noise in breathing or with the signs of emphysema.

THICK-WINDED Thick"-wind`ed, a. (Far.)

Defn: Affected with thick wind.

THIDER Thid"er, adv.

Defn: Thither. [Obs.] Chaucer.

THIDERWARD Thid"er*ward, adv.

Defn: Thitherward. [Obs.]

THIEF Thief, n.; pl. Thieves. Etym: [OE. thef, theef, AS. ; akin to OFries. thiaf, OS. theof, thiof, D. dief, G. dieb, OHG. diob, Icel. , Sw. tjuf, Dan. tyv, Goth. , , and perhaps to Lith. tupeti to squat or crouch down. Cf. Theft.]

1. One who steals; one who commits theft or larceny. See Theft. There came a privy thief, men clepeth death. Chaucer. Where thieves break through and steal. Matt. vi. 19.

2. A waster in the snuff of a candle. Bp. Hall. Thief catcher. Same as Thief taker. — Thief leader, one who leads or takes away a thief. L'Estrange. — Thief taker, one whose business is to find and capture thieves and bring them to justice. — Thief tube, a tube for withdrawing a sample of a liquid from a cask. — Thieves' vinegar, a kind of aromatic vinegar for the sick room, taking its name from the story that thieves, by using it, were enabled to plunder, with impunity to health, in the great plague at London. [Eng.]

Syn. — Robber; pilferer. — Thief, Robber. A thief takes our property by stealth; a robber attacks us openly, and strips us by main force. Take heed, have open eye, for thieves do foot by night. Shak. Some roving robber calling to his fellows. Milton.

THIEFLY Thief"ly, a. & adv.

Defn: Like a thief; thievish; thievishly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

THIENONE Thi"ë*none, n. Etym: [Thiënyl + ketone.] (Chem.)

Defn: A ketone derivative of thiophene obtained as a white crystalline substance, (C4H3S)2.CO, by the action of aluminium chloride and carbonyl chloride on thiophene.

THIENYL Thi"ë*nyl, n. Etym: [Thiophene + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: The hypothetical radical C4H3S, regarded as the essential residue of thiophene and certain of its derivatives.

THIEVE Thieve, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Thieved; p. pr. & vb. n. Thieving.] Etym: [AS. ge.]

Defn: To practice theft; to steal.

THIEVERY Thiev"er*y, n.

1. The practice of stealing; theft; thievishness. Among the Spartans, thievery was a practice morally good and honest. South.

2. That which is stolen. [Obs.] Shak.

THIEVISH Thiev"ish, a.

1. Given to stealing; addicted to theft; as, a thievish boy, a thievish magpie.

2. Like a thief; acting by stealth; sly; secret. Time's thievish progress to eternity. Shak.

3. Partaking of the nature of theft; accomplished by stealing; dishonest; as, a thievish practice. Or with a base and biosterous sword enforce A thievish living on the common road. Shak. — Thiev"ish*ly, adv. — Thiev"ish*ness, n.

THIGH Thigh, n. Etym: [OE. thi, , , AS. ; akin to OFries. thiach, D. dij, dije, OHG. dioh, thioh, Icel. thigh, rump, and probably to Lith. taukas fat of animals, tuk to become fat, Russ. tuke fat of animals. *56.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The proximal segment of the hind limb between the knee and the trunk. See Femur.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The coxa, or femur, of an insect. Thigh bone (Anat.), the femur.

THIGMOTACTIC Thig`mo*tac"tic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to thigmotaxis.

THIGMOTAXIS Thig`mo*tax"is, n. [NL., fr. Gr. touch + an arranging.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The property possessed by living protoplasm of contracting, and thus moving, when touched by a solid or fluid substance.

When the movement is away from the touching body, it is negative thigmotaxis; when towards it, positive thigmotaxis.

THILK Thilk, pron. Etym: [Cf. Ilk same.]

Defn: That same; this; that. [Obs.] "I love thilk lass." Spenser. Thou spake right now of thilke traitor death. Chaucer.

THILL Thill, n. Etym: [OE. thille, AS. a board, plank, beam, thill; akin to a plank, D. deel a plank, floor, G. diele, OHG. dili, dilla, Icel. a plank, planking, a thwart, a wainscot, plank; cf. Skr. tala a level surface. *236. Cf. Fill a thill, Deal a plank.]

1. One of the two long pieces of wood, extending before a vehicle, between which a horse is hitched; a shaft.

2. (Mining)

Defn: The floor of a coal mine. Raymond. Thill coupling, a device for connecting the thill of a vehicle to the axle.

THILLER Thill"er, n.

Defn: The horse which goes between the thills, or shafts, and supports them; also, the last horse in a team; — called also thill horse.

THIMBLE Thim"ble, n. Etym: [OE. thimbil, AS. , fr. a thumb. *56. See Thumb.]

1. A kind of cap or cover, or sometimes a broad ring, for the end of the finger, used in sewing to protect the finger when pushing the needle through the material. It is usually made of metal, and has upon the outer surface numerous small pits to catch the head of the needle.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: Any thimble-shaped appendage or fixure. Specifically: — (a) A tubular piece, generally a strut, through which a bolt or pin passes. (b) A fixed or movable ring, tube, or lining placed in a hole. (c) A tubular cone for expanding a flue; — called ferrule in England.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: A ring of thin metal formed with a grooved circumference so as to fit within an eye-spice, or the like, and protect it from chafing.

THIMBLEBERRY Thim"ble*ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis), common in America.

THIMBLEEYE Thim"ble*eye`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chub mackerel. See under Chub.

THIMBLEFUL Thim"ble*ful, n.; pl. Thimblefuls (.

Defn: As much as a thimble will hold; a very small quantity. For a thimbleful of golf, a thimbleful of love. Dryden.

THIMBLERIG Thim"ble*rig`, n.

Defn: A sleight-of-hand trick played with three small cups, shaped like thimbles, and a small ball or little pea.

THIMBLERIG Thim"ble*rig`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thimblerigged; p. pr. & vb. n. Thimblerigging.]

Defn: To swindle by means of small cups or thimbles, and a pea or small ball placed under one of them and quickly shifted to another, the victim laying a wager that he knows under which cup it is; hence, to cheat by any trick.

THIMBLERIGGER Thim"ble*rig`ger, n.

Defn: One who cheats by thimblerigging, or tricks of legerdemain.

THIMBLEWEED Thim"ble*weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of the composite genus Rudbeckia, coarse herbs somewhat resembling the sunflower; — so called from their conical receptacles.

THIN Thin, a. [Compar. Thiner; superl. Thinest.] Etym: [OE. thinne, thenne, thunne, AS. þynne; akin to D. dun, G. dünn, OHG. dunni, Icel. þunnr, Sw. tunn, Dan. tynd, Gael. & Ir. tana, W. teneu, L. tenuis, Gr. tanu thin, slender; also to AS. to extend, G. dehnen, Icel. , Goth. (in comp.), L. tendere to stretch, tenere to hold, Gr. tan. *51 & 237. Cf. Attenuate, Dance, Tempt, Tenable, Tend to move, Tenous, Thunder, Tone.]

1. Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite; as, a thin plate of metal; thin paper; a thin board; a thin covering.

2. Rare; not dense or thick; — applied to fluids or soft mixtures; as, thin blood; thin broth; thin air. Shak. In the day, when the air is more thin. Bacon. Satan, bowing low His gray dissimulation, disappeared, Into thin air diffused. Milton.

3. Not close; not crowded; not filling the space; not having the individuals of which the thing is composed in a close or compact state; hence, not abundant; as, the trees of a forest are thin; the corn or grass is thin. Ferrara is very large, but extremely thin of people. Addison.

4. Not full or well grown; wanting in plumpness. Seven thin ears . . . blasted with the east wind. Gen. xli. 6.

5. Not stout; slim; slender; lean; gaunt; as, a person becomes thin by disease.

6. Wanting in body or volume; small; feeble; not full. Thin, hollow sounds, and lamentable screams. Dryden.

7. Slight; small; slender; flimsy; wanting substance or depth or force; superficial; inadequate; not sufficient for a covering; as, a thin disguise. My tale is done, for my wit is but thin. Chaucer.

Note: Thin is used in the formation of compounds which are mostly self-explaining; as, thin-faced, thin-lipped, thin-peopled, thin- shelled, and the like. Thin section. See under Section.

THIN Thin, adv.

Defn: Not thickly or closely; in a seattered state; as, seed sown thin. Spain is thin sown of people. Bacon.

THIN Thin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thinned; p. pr. & vb. n. Thinning.] Etym: [Cf. AS. geþynnian.]

Defn: To make thin (in any of the senses of the adjective).

THIN Thin, v. i.

Defn: To grow or become thin; — used with some adverbs, as out, away, etc.; as, geological strata thin out, i. e., gradually diminish in thickness until they disappear.

THINE Thine, pron. & a. Etym: [OE. thin, AS. edhin, originally gen. of edhu, edhu, thou; akin to G. dein thine, Icel. þinn, possessive pron., þin, gen. of þu thou, Goth. þeins, possessive pron., þeina, gen. of þu thou. See Thou, and cf. Thy.]

Defn: A form of the possessive case of the pronoun thou, now superseded in common discourse by your, the possessive of you, but maintaining a place in solemn discourse, in poetry, and in the usual language of the Friends, or Quakers.

Note: In the old style, thine was commonly shortened to thi (thy) when used attributively before words beginning with a consonant; now, thy is used also before vowels. Thine is often used absolutely, the thing possessed being understood.

THING Thing, n. Etym: [AS. þing a thing, cause, assembly, judicial assembly; akin to þingan to negotiate, þingian to reconcile, conciliate, D. ding a thing, OS. thing thing, assembly, judicial assembly, G. ding a thing, formerly also, an assembly, court, Icel. þing a thing, assembly, court, Sw. & Dan. ting; perhaps originally used of the transaction of or before a popular assembly, or the time appointed for such an assembly; cf. G. dingen to bargain, hire, MHG. dingen to hold court, speak before a court, negotiate, Goth. þeihs time, perhaps akin to L. tempus time. Cf. Hustings, and Temporal of time.]

1. Whatever exists, or is conceived to exist, as a separate entity, whether animate or inanimate; any separable or distinguishable object of thought. God made . . . every thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind. Gen. i. 25. He sent after this manner; ten asses laden with the good things of Egypt. Gen. xiv. 23. A thing of beauty is a joy forever. Keats.

2. An inanimate object, in distinction from a living being; any lifeless material. Ye meads and groves, unsonscious things! Cowper.

3. A transaction or occurrence; an event; a deed. [And Jacob said] All these things are against me. Gen. xlii. 36. Which if ye tell me, I in like wise will tell you by what authority I do these things. Matt. xxi. 24.

4. A portion or part; something. Wieked men who understand any thing of wisdom. Tillotson.

5. A diminutive or slighted object; any object viewed as merely existing; — often used in pity or contempt. See, sons, what things you are! Shak. The poor thing sighed, and . . . turned from me. Addison. I'll be this abject thing no more. Granville. I have a thing in prose. Swift.

6. pl.

Defn: Clothes; furniture; appurtenances; luggage; as, to pack or store one's things. [Colloq.]

Note: Formerly, the singular was sometimes used in a plural or collective sense. And them she gave her moebles and her thing. Chaucer.

Note: Thing was used in a very general sense in Old English, and is still heard colloquially where some more definite term would be used in careful composition. In the garden [he] walketh to and fro, And hath his things [i. e., prayers, devotions] said full courteously. Chaucer. Hearkening his minstrels their things play. Chaucer.

7. (Law)

Defn: Whatever may be possessed or owned; a property; — distinguished from person.

8. [In this sense pronounced tîng.]

Defn: In Scandinavian countries, a legislative or judicial assembly. Longfellow. Things personal. (Law) Same as Personal property, under Personal. — Things real. Same as Real property, under Real.

THINK Think, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thought; p. pr. & vb. n. Thinking.] Etym: [OE. thinken, properly, to seem, from AS. þyncean (cf. Methinks), but confounded with OE. thenken to think, fr. AS. þencean (imp. þohte); akin to D. denken, dunken, OS. thenkian, thunkian, G. denken, dünken, Icel. þekkja to perceive, to know, þykkja to seem, Goth. þagkjan, þaggkjan, to think, þygkjan to think, to seem, OL. tongere to know. Cf. Thank, Thought.]

1. To seem or appear; — used chiefly in the expressions methinketh or methinks, and methought.

Note: These are genuine Anglo-Saxon expressions, equivalent to it seems to me, it seemed to me. In these expressions me is in the dative case.

2. To employ any of the intellectual powers except that of simple perception through the senses; to exercise the higher intellectual faculties. For that I am I know, because I think. Dryden.

3. Specifically: — (a) To call anything to mind; to remember; as, I would have sent the books, but I did not think of it. Well thought upon; I have it here. Shak.

(b) To reflect upon any subject; to muse; to meditate; to ponder; to consider; to deliberate. And when he thought thereon, he wept. Mark xiv. 72. He thought within himself, saying, What shall I do, because I have no room where to bestow my fruits Luke xii. 17.

(c) To form an opinion by reasoning; to judge; to conclude; to believe; as, I think it will rain to-morrow. Let them marry to whom they think best. Num. xxxvi. 6.

(d) To purpose; to intend; to design; to mean. I thought to promote thee unto great honor. Num. xxiv. 11. Thou thought'st to help me. Shak.

(e) To presume; to venture. Think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father. Matt. iii. 9.

Note: To think, in a philosophical use as yet somewhat limited, designates the higher intellectual acts, the acts preëminently rational; to judge; to compare; to reason. Thinking is employed by Hamilton as "comprehending all our collective energies." It is defined by Mansel as "the act of knowing or judging by means of concepts,"by Lotze as "the reaction of the mind on the material supplied by external influences." See Thought. To think better of. See under Better. — To think much of, or To think well of, to hold in esteem; to esteem highly.

Syn. — To expect; guess; cogitate; reflect; ponder; contemplate; meditate; muse; imagine; suppose; believe. See Expect, Guess.

THINK Think, v. t.

1. To conceive; to imagine. Charity . . . thinketh no evil. 1 Cor. xiii. 4,5.

2. To plan or design; to plot; to compass. [Obs.] So little womanhood And natural goodness, as to think the death Of her own son. Beau. & Fl.

3. To believe; to consider; to esteem. Nor think superfluous other's aid. Milton. To think much, to esteem a great matter; to grudge. [Obs.] "[He] thought not much to clothe his enemies." Milton. — To think scorn. (a) To disdain. [Obs.] "He thought scorn to lay hands on Mordecai alone." Esther iii. 6. (b) To feel indignation. [Obs.]

THINKABLE Think"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being thought or conceived; cogitable. Sir W. Hamilton.

THINKER Think"er, n.

Defn: One who thinks; especially and chiefly, one who thinks in a particular manner; as, a close thinker; a deep thinker; a coherent thinker.

THINKING Think"ing, a.

Defn: Having the faculty of thought; cogitative; capable of a regular train of ideas; as, man is a thinking being. — Think"ing*ly, adv.

THINKING Think"ing, n.

Defn: The act of thinking; mode of thinking; imagination; cogitation; judgment. I heard a bird so sing, Whose music, to my thinking, pleased the king. Shak.

THINLY Thin"ly, a.

Defn: In a thin manner; in a loose, scattered manner; scantily; not thickly; as, ground thinly planted with trees; a country thinly inhabited.

THINNER Thin"ner, n.

Defn: One who thins, or makes thinner.

THINNESS Thin"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being thin (in any of the senses of the word).

THINNISH Thin"nish, a.

Defn: Somewhat thin.

THINOLITE Thin"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A calcareous tufa, in part crystalline, occurring on a large scale as a shore deposit about the Quaternary lake basins of Nevada.

THIN-SKINNED Thin"-skinned`, a.

Defn: Having a thin skin; hence, sensitive; irritable.

THIO- Thi"o-. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting the presence of sulphur. See Sulpho-.

THIOCARBONATE Thi`o*car"bon*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A sulphocarbonate.

THIOCARBONIC Thi`o*car*bon"ic, a. Etym: [Thio- + carbonic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Sulphocarbonic.

THIOCYANATE Thi`o*cy"a*nate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Sulphocyanate.

THIOCYANIC Thi`o*cy*an"ic, a. Etym: [Thio- + cyanic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Sulphocyanic.

THIONAPHTHENE Thi`o*naph"thene, n. Etym: [Thiophene + naphthalene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A double benzene and thiophene nucleus, C8H6S, analogous to naphthalene, and like it the base of a large series of derivatives. [Written also thionaphtene.]

THIONIC Thi*on"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to sulphur; containing or resembling sulphur; specifically, designating certain of the thio compounds; as, the thionic acids. Cf. Dithionic, Trithionic, Tetrathionic, etc.

THIONINE Thi"on*ine, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: An artificial red or violet dyestuff consisting of a complex sulphur derivative of certain aromatic diamines, and obtained as a dark crystalline powder; — called also phenylene violet.

THIONOL Thi"on*ol, n. Etym: [Thionine + -ol.] (Chem.)

Defn: A red or violet dyestuff having a greenish metallic luster. It is produced artificially, by the chemical dehydration of thionine, as a brown amorphous powder.

THIONOLINE Thi*on"o*line, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A beautiful fluorescent crystalline substance, intermediate in composition between thionol and thionine.

THIONYL Thi"on*yl, n. Etym: [Thionic + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: The hypothetical radical SO, regarded as an essential constituent of certain sulphurous compounds; as, thionyl chloride.

THIOPHENE Thi"o*phene, n. Etym: [Thio- + phenyl + -ene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A sulphur hydrocarbon, C4H4S, analogous to furfuran and benzene, and acting as the base of a large number of substances which closely resemble the corresponding aromatic derivatives.

THIOPHENIC Thi`o*phen"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, thiophene; specifically, designating a certain acid analogous to benzoic acid.

THIOPHENOL Thi`o*phe"nol, n. Etym: [Thio- + phenol.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless mobile liquid, C6H5.SH, of an offensive odor, and analogous to phenol; — called also phenyl sulphydrate.

THIOPHTHENE Thi*oph"thene, n. Etym: [Abbreviated from thionaphthene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A double thiophene nucleus, C6H4S2, analogous to thionaphthene, and the base of a large series of compounds. [Written also thiophtene.]

THIOSULPHATE Thi`o*sul"phate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of thiosulphuric acid; — formerly called hyposulphite.

Note: The sodium salt called in photography by the name sodium hyposulphite, being used as a solvent for the excess of unchanged silver chloride, bromide, and iodide on the sensitive plate.

THIOSULPHURIC Thi`o*sul*phur"ic, a. Etym: [Thio- + sulphuric.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, an unstable acid, H2S2O3, analogous to sulphuric acid, and formerly called hyposulphurous acid.

THIOTOLENE Thi`o*to"lene, n. Etym: [Thio- + toluene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless oily liquid, C4H3S.CH3, analogous to, and resembling, toluene; — called also methyl thiophene.

THIOXENE Thi*ox"ene, n. Etym: [Thiophene + xylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of three possible metameric substances, which are dimethyl derivatives of thiophene, like the xylenes from benzene.

THIRD Third, a. Etym: [OE. thirde, AS. , fr. , , three; akin to D. derde third, G. dritte, Icel. , Goth. , L. tertius, Gr. t. See Three, and cf. Riding a jurisdiction, Tierce.]

1. Next after the second; coming after two others; — the ordinal of three; as, the thirdhour in the day. "The third night." Chaucer.

2. Constituting or being one of three equal parts into which anything is divided; as, the third part of a day. Third estate. (a) In England, the commons, or the commonalty, who are represented in Parliament by the House of Commons. (b) In France, the tiers état. See Tiers état. Third order (R. C. Ch.), an order attached to a monastic order, and comprising men and women devoted to a rule of pious living, called the third rule, by a simple vow if they remain seculars, and by more solemn vows if they become regulars. See Tertiary, n., 1. — Third person (Gram.), the person spoken of. See Person, n., 7. — Third sound. (Mus.) See Third, n., 3.

THIRD Third, n.

1. The quotient of a unit divided by three; one of three equal parts into which anything is divided.

2. The sixtieth part of a second of time.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: The third tone of the scale; the mediant.

4. pl. (Law)

Defn: The third part of the estate of a deseased husband, which, by some local laws, the widow is entitled to enjoy during her life. Major third (Mus.), an interval of two tones. — Minor third (Mus.), an interval of a tone and a half.

THIRD-BOROUGH Third"-bor`ough, n. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: An under constable. Shak. Johnson.

THIRDINGS Third"ings, n. pl. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The third part of the corn or grain growing on the ground at the tenant's death, due to the lord for a heriot, as within the manor of Turfat in Herefordshire.

THIRDLY Third"ly, adv.

Defn: In the third place. Bacon.

THIRD-PENNY Third"-pen`ny, n. (A.S. Law)

Defn: A third part of the profits of fines and penalties imposed at the country court, which was among the perquisites enjoyed by the earl.

THIRD RAIL Third rail. (Electric Railways) (a) The third rail used in the third-rail system. (b) An electric railway using such a rail. [Colloq.]

THIRD-RAIL SYSTEM Third-rail system. (Electric Railways)

Defn: A system in which a third rail is used for carrying the current for operating the motors, the rail being insulated from the ground and the current being taken off by means of contact brushes or other devices.

THIRL Thirl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thirled; p. pr. & vb. n. Thirling.] Etym: [See Thrill.]

Defn: To bore; to drill or thrill. See Thrill. [Obs. or Prov.] That with a spear was thirled his breast bone. Chaucer.

THIRLAGE Thirl"age, n. Etym: [Cf. Thrall.] (Scots Law)

Defn: The right which the owner of a mill possesses, by contract or law, to compel the tenants of a certain district, or of his sucken, to bring all their grain to his mill for grinding. Erskine.

THIRST Thirst, n. Etym: [OE. thirst, þurst, AS. þurst, þyrst; akin to D. dorst, OS. thurst, G. durst, Icel. þorsti, Sw. & Dan. törst, Goth. þaúrstei thirst, þaúrsus dry, withered, þaúrsieþ mik I thirst, gaþaírsan to wither, L. torrere to parch, Gr. te`rsesqai to become dry, tesai`nein to dry up, Skr. trssh to thirst. *54. Cf. Torrid.]

1. A sensation of dryness in the throat associated with a craving for liquids, produced by deprivation of drink, or by some other cause (as fear, excitement, etc.) which arrests the secretion of the pharyngeal mucous membrane; hence, the condition producing this sensation. Wherefore is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us, and our children . . . with thirst Ex. xvii. 3. With thirst, with cold, with hunger so confounded. Chaucer.

2. Fig.: A want and eager desire after anything; a craving or longing; — usually with for, of, or after; as, the thirst for gold. "Thirst of worldy good." Fairfax. "The thirst I had of knowledge." Milton.

THIRST Thirst, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Thirsted; p. pr. & vb. n. Thirsting.] Etym: [AS. . See Thirst, n.]

1. To feel thirst; to experience a painful or uneasy sensation of the throat or fauces, as for want of drink. The people thirsted there for water. Ex. xvii. 3.

2. To have a vehement desire. My soul thirsteth for . . . the living God. Ps. xlii. 2.

THIRST Thirst, v. t.

Defn: To have a thirst for. [R.] He seeks his keeper's flesh, and thirsts his blood. Prior.

THIRSTER Thirst"er, n.

Defn: One who thirsts.

THIRSTILY Thirst"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a thirsty manner.

THIRSTINESS Thirst"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being thirsty; thirst.

THIRSTLE Thirs"tle, n.

Defn: The throstle. [Prov. Eng.]

THIRSTY Thirst"y, a. [Compar. Thirstier; superl. Thirstiest.] Etym: [AS. . See Thirst, n.]

1. Feeling thirst; having a painful or distressing sensation from want of drink; hence, having an eager desire. Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink, for I am thirsty. Judges iv. 19.

2. Deficient in moisture; dry; parched. A dry and thirsty land, where no water is. Ps. lxiii. 1. When in the sultry glebe I faint, Or on the thirsty mountain pant. Addison.

THIRTEEN Thir"teen`, a. Etym: [OE. threttene, AS. , . See Three, and Ten, and cf. Thirty.]

Defn: One more than twelve; ten and three; as, thirteen ounces or pounds.

THIRTEEN Thir"teen`, n.

1. The number greater by one than twelve; the sum of ten and three; thirteen units or objects.

2. A symbol representing thirteen units, as 13 or xiii.

THIRTEENTH Thir"teenth`, a. Etym: [From Thirteen: cf. AS. .]

1. Next in order after the twelfth; the third after the tenth; — the ordinal of thirteen; as, the thirteenth day of the month.

2. Constituting or being one of thirteen equal parts into which anything is divided.

THIRTEENTH Thir"teenth`, n.

1. The quotient of a unit divided by thirteen; one of thirteen equal parts into which anything is divided.

2. The next in order after the twelfth.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: The interval comprising an octave and a sixth.

THIRTIETH Thir"ti*eth, a. Etym: [From Thirty: cf. AS. þritigoedha.]

1. Next in order after the twenty-ninth; the tenth after the twentieth; — the ordinal of thirty; as, the thirtieth day of the month.

2. Constituting or being one of thirty equal parts into which anything is divided.

THIRTIETH Thir"ti*eth, n.

Defn: The quotient of a unit divided by thirty; one of thirty equal parts.

THIRTY Thir"ty, a. Etym: [OE. thritty, AS. Þritig, Þrittig; akin to D. dertig, G. dreissig, Icel. Þrjatiu, Þrjatigi, Þrir teger, Goth. Þreis tigjus, i.e., three tens. See Three, and Ten, and cf. Thirteen.]

Defn: Being three times ten; consisting of one more than twenty-nine; twenty and ten; as, the month of June consists of thirty days.

THIRTY Thir"ty, n.; pl. Thirties (.

1. The sum of three tens, or twenty and ten; thirty units or objects.

2. A symbol expressing thirty, as 30, or XXX.

THIRTY-SECOND Thir"ty-sec`ond, a.

Defn: Being one of thirty-two equal parts into which anything is divided. Thirty-second note (Mus.), the thirty-second part of a whole note; a demi-semiquaver.

THIS This, pron. & a.; pl. These. Etym: [OE. this, thes, AS. th\'c7s, masc., theós, fem., this, neut.; akin to OS. these, D. deze, G. dieser, OHG. diser, deser, Icel. Þessi; originally from the definite article + a particle -se, -si; cf. Goth. sai behold. See The, That, and cf. These, Those.]

1. As a demonstrative pronoun, this denotes something that is present or near in place or time, or something just mentioned, or that is just about to be mentioned. When they heard this, they were pricked in their heart. Acts ii. 37. But know this, that if the good man of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched. Matt. xxiv. 43.

2. As an adjective, this has the same demonstrative force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun; as, this book; this way to town.

Note: This may be used as opposed or correlative to that, and sometimes as opposed to other or to a second this. See the Note under That, 1. This way and that wavering sails they bend. Pope. A body of this or that denomination is produced. Boyle. Their judgment in this we may not, and in that we need not, follow. Hooker. Consider the arguments which the author had to write this, or to design the other, before you arraign him. Dryden. Thy crimes . . . soon by this or this will end. Addison.

Note: This, like a, every, that, etc., may refer to a number, as of years, persons, etc., taken collectively or as a whole. This twenty years have I been with thee.. Gen. xxxi. 38. I have not wept this years; but now My mother comes afresh into my eyes. Dryden.

THISTLE This"tle, n. Etym: [OE. thistil, AS. þistel; akin to D. & G. distel, OHG. distila, distil, Icel. þistill, Sw. tistel, Dan. tidsel; of uncertain origin.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any one of several prickly composite plants, especially those of the genera Cnicus, Craduus, and Onopordon. The name is often also applied to other prickly plants. Blessed thistle, Carduus benedictus, so named because it was formerly considered an antidote to the bite of venomous creatures. — Bull thistle, Cnicus lanceolatus, the common large thistle of neglected pastures. — Canada thistle, Cnicus arvensis, a native of Europe, but introduced into the United States from Canada. — Cotton thistle, Onopordon Acanthium. — Fuller's thistle, the teasel. — Globe thistle, Melon thistle, etc. See under Globe, Melon, etc. — Pine thistle, Atractylis gummifera, a native of the Mediterranean region. A vicid gum resin flows from the involucre. — Scotch thistle, either the cotton thistle, or the musk thistle, or the spear thistle; — all used national emblems of Scotland. — Sow thistle, Sonchus oleraceus. — Spear thistle. Same as Bull thistle. — Star thistle, a species of Centaurea. See Centaurea. — Torch thistle, a candelabra-shaped plant of the genus Cereus. See Cereus. — Yellow thistle, Cincus horridulus. Thistle bird (Zoöl.), the American goldfinch, or yellow-bird (Spinus tristis); — so called on account of its feeding on the seeds of thistles. See Illust. under Goldfinch. — Thistle butterfly (Zoöl.), a handsomely colored American butterfly (Vanessa cardui) whose larva feeds upon thistles; — called also painted lady. — Thistle cock (Zoöl.), the corn bunting (Emberiza militaria). [Prov. Eng.] — Thistle crown, a gold coin of England of the reign of James I., worth four shillings. — Thistle finch (Zoöl.), the goldfinch; — so called from its fondness for thistle seeds. [Prov. Eng.] — Thistle funnel, a funnel having a bulging body and flaring mouth.

THISTLY This"tly, a.

1. Overgrown with thistles; as, thistly ground.

2. Fig.: Resembling a thistle or thistles; sharp; pricking. In such a world, so thorny, and where none Finds happiness unblighted, or, if found, Without some thistly sorrow at its side. Cowper.

THITHER Thith"er, adv. Etym: [OE. thider, AS. edhider; akin to E. that; cf. Icel. þaedhra there, Goth. þaþro thence. See That, and The.]

1. To that place; — opposed to Ant: hither. This city is near; . . . O, let me escape thither. Gen. xix. 20. Where I am, thither ye can not come. John vii. 34.

2. To that point, end, or result; as, the argument tended thither. Hither and thither, to this place and to that; one way and another.

Syn. — There. Thither, There. Thither properly denotes motion toward a place; there denotes rest in a place; as, I am going thither, and shall meet you there. But thither has now become obsolete, except in poetry, or a style purposely conformed to the past, and there is now used in both senses; as, I shall go there to-morrow; we shall go there together.

THITHER Thith"er, a.

1. Being on the farther side from the person speaking; farther; — a correlative of hither; as, on the thither side of the water. W. D. Howells.

2. Applied to time: On the thither side of, older than; of more years than. See Hither, a. Huxley.

THITHERTO Thith"er*to`, adv.

Defn: To that point; so far. [Obs.]

THITHERWARD Thith"er*ward, adv.

Defn: To ward that place; in that direction. They shall ask the way to Zion, with their faces thitherward. Jer. l. 5.

THITSEE Thit"see, n. Etym: [Written also theesee, and thietsie.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The varnish tree of Burmah (Melanorrhoea usitatissima).

2. A black varnish obtained from the tree.

THLIPSIS Thlip"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Compression, especially constriction of vessels by an external cause.

THO Tho (tho), def. art.

Defn: The. [Obs.] Spenser.

THO Tho, pron. pl.

Defn: Those. [Obs.] This knowen tho that be to wives bound. Chaucer.

THO Tho, adv. Etym: [AS. þa.]

Defn: Then. [Obs.] Spenser. To do obsequies as was tho the guise. Chaucer.

THO Tho, conj.

Defn: Though. [Reformed spelling.]

THOLE Thole, n. [Written also thowel, and thowl.] Etym: [OE. thol, AS. þol; akin to D. dol, Icel. þollr a fir tree, a young fir, a tree, a thole.]

1. A wooden or metal pin, set in the gunwale of a boat, to serve as a fulcrum for the oar in rowing. Longfellow.

2. The pin, or handle, of a scythe snath. Thole pin. Same as Thole.

THOLE Thole, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tholed; p. pr. & vb. n. Tholing.] Etym: [OE. þolen, þolien, AS. þolian; akin to OS. tholon, OHG. dolen, G. geduld patience, dulden to endure, Icel. þola, Sw. tåla, Dan. taale, Goth. þulan, L. tolerate, tulisse, to endure, bear, tollere to lift, bear, Gr. tul to lift. *55. Cf. Tolerate.]

Defn: To bear; to endure; to undergo. [Obs. or Scot.] Gower. So much woe as I have with you tholed. Chaucer. To thole the winter's steely dribble. Burns.

THOLE Thole, v. i.

Defn: To wait. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

THOMAEAN; THOMEAN Tho*mæ"an, Tho*me"an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A member of the ancient church of Christians established on the Malabar coast of India, which some suppose to have been originally founded by the Apostle Thomas.

THOMAS PHOSPHATE; THOMAS SLAG Thom"as phos"phate or slag .

Defn: Same as Basic slag, above.

THOMAS PROCESS Thom"as proc"ess. (Iron Metal.)

Defn: Same as Basic process, above.

THOMISM; THOMAISM Tho"mism, Tho"ma*ism, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: The doctrine of Thomas Aquinas, esp. with respect to predestination and grace.

THOMIST Tho"mist, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Thomas Aquinas. See Scotist.

THOMITE Tho"mite, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A Thomæan.

THOMSENOLITE Thom"sen*o*lite, n. Etym: [Named after Dr. J.Thomsen of Copenhagen. See -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A fluoride of aluminium, calcium, and sodium occurring with the cryolite of Greenland.

THOMSEN'S DISEASE Thom"sen's dis*ease". Etym: [From Thomsen, a physician of Sleswick.] (Med.)

Defn: An affection apparently congenital, consisting in tonic contraction and stiffness of the voluntary muscles occurring after a period of muscular inaction.

THOMSONIAN Thom*so"ni*an, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Thomsonianism. — n.

Defn: A believer in Thomsonianism; one who practices Thomsonianism.

THOMSONIANISM Thom*so"ni*an*ism, n. (Med.)

Defn: An empirical system which assumes that the human body is composed of four elements, earth, air, fire, and water, and that vegetable medicines alone should be used; — from the founder, Dr. Samuel Thomson, of Massachusetts.

THOMSONITE Thom"son*ite, n. Etym: [From R.D.Thomson, of Glasgow.] (Min.)

Defn: A zeolitic mineral, occurring generally in masses of a radiated structure. It is a hydrous silicate of aluminia, lime, and soda. Called also mesole, and comptonite.

THOMSON PROCESS Thomson process. [After Elihu Thomson, American inventor.]

Defn: A process of electric welding in which heat is developed by a large current passing through the metal.

THONG Thong, n. Etym: [OE. thong, þwong, thwang, AS. þwang; akin to Icel. þvengr a thong, latchet. *57. Cf. Twinge.]

Defn: A strap of leather; especially, one used for fastening anything. And nails for loosened spears, and thongs for shields, provide. Dryden. Thong seal (Zoöl.), the bearded seal. See the Note under Seal.

THOOID Tho"oid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a group of carnivores, including the wovels and the dogs.

THOR Thor, n. Etym: [Icel. þors. Cf. Thursday.] (Scand. Myth.)

Defn: The god of thunder, and son of Odin.

THORACENTESIS Tho`ra*cen*te"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of puncturing the chest wall so as to let out liquids contained in the cavity of the chest.

THORACIC Tho*rac"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. thoracique.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the thorax, or chest. Thoracic duct (Anat.), the great trunk of the lymphatic vessels, situated on the ventral side of the vertebral column in the thorax and abdomen. See Illust. of Lacteal.

THORACIC Tho*rac"ic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. thoracique.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a group of fishes having the ventral fins placed beneath the thorax or beneath the pectorial fins.

THORACICA Tho*rac"i*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of cirripeds including those which have six thoracic segments, usually bearing six pairs of cirri. The common barnacles are examples.

THORACOMETER Tho`ra*com"e*ter, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: Same as Stethometer.

THORACOPLASTY Tho`ra*co*plas"ty, n. Etym: [Thorax + plasty.] (Med.)

Defn: A remodeling or reshaping of the thorax; especially, the operation of removing the ribs, so as to obliterate the pleural cavity in cases of empyema.

THORACOSTRACA Tho`ra*cos"tra*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Thorax, and Ostracoid, a.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of Crustacea, having a dorsal shield or carapec

THORACOTOMY Tho`ra*cot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of opening the pleural cavity by incision.

THORAL Tho"ral, a. Etym: [L. torus a couch, bed.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a bed. [R.]

THORAX Tho"rax, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The part of the trunk between the neck and the abdomen, containing that part of the body cavity the walls of which are supported by the dorsal vertebræ, the ribs, and the sternum, and which the heart and lungs are situated; the chest.

Note: In mammals the thoracic cavity is completely separated from the abdominal by the diaphragm, but in birds and many reptiles the separation is incomplete, while in other reptiles, and in amphibians and fishes, there is no marked separation and no true thorax.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) The middle region of the body of an insect, or that region which bears the legs and wings. It is composed of three united somites, each of which is composed of several distinct parts. See Illust. in Appendix. and Illust. of Coleoptera. (b) The second, or middle, region of the body of a crustacean, arachnid, or other articulate animal. In the case of decapod Crustacea, some writers include under the term thorax only the three segments bearing the maxillipeds; others include also the five segments bearing the legs. See Illust. in Appendix.

3. (Antiq.)

Defn: A breastplate, cuirass, or corselet; especially, the breastplate worn by the ancient Greeks.

THORIA Tho"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Thorite.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare white earthy substance, consisting of the oxide of thorium; — formerly called also thorina.

THORIC Thor"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to thorium; designating the compounds of thorium.

THORITE Tho"rite, n. Etym: [So called by Berzelius from the Scandinavian god Thor. See Thor.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of a brown to black color, or, as in the variety orangite, orange-yellow. It is essentially a silicate of thorium.

THORIUM Tho"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Thorite.] (Chem.)

Defn: A metallic element found in certain rare minerals, as thorite, pyrochlore, monazite, etc., and isolated as an infusible gray metallic powder which burns in the air and forms thoria; — formerly called also thorinum. Symbol Th. Atomic weight 232.0.

THORN Thorn, n. Etym: [AS. þorn; akin to OS. & OFries. thorn, D. doorn, G. dorn, Dan. torn, Sw. törne, Icel. þorn, Goth. þaúrnus; cf. Pol. tarn, Russ. tern' the blackthorn, ternie thorns, Skr. trsnsa grass, blade of grass. *53.]

1. A hard and sharp-pointed projection from a woody stem; usually, a branch so transformed; a spine.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Any shrub or small tree which bears thorns; especially, any species of the genus Cratægus, as the hawthorn, whitethorn, cockspur thorn.

3. Fig.: That which pricks or annoys as a thorn; anything troublesome; trouble; care. There was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the messenger of Satan to buffet me. 2 Cor. xii. 7. The guilt of empire, all its thorns and cares, Be only mine. Southern.

4. The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter th, as in thin, then. So called because it was the initial letter of thorn, a spine. Thorn apple (Bot.), Jamestown weed. — Thorn broom (Bot.), a shrub that produces thorns. — Thorn hedge, a hedge of thorn-bearing trees or bushes. — Thorn devil. (Zoöl.) See Moloch, 2. — Thorn hopper (Zoöl.), a tree hopper (Thelia cratægi) which lives on the thorn bush, apple tree, and allied trees.

THORN Thorn, v. t.

Defn: To prick, as with a thorn. [Poetic] I am the only rose of all the stock That never thorn'd him. Tennyson.

THORNBACK Thorn"back`, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European skate (Raia clavata) having thornlike spines on its back.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The large European spider crab or king crab (Maia squinado).

THORNBILL Thorn"bill`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of small, brilliantly colored American birds of the genus Rhamphomicron. They have a long, slender, sharp bill, and feed upon honey, insects, and the juice of the sugar cane.

THORNBIRD Thorn"bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South American bird (Anumbius anumbii) allied to the ovenbirds of the genus Furnarius). It builds a very large and complex nest of twigs and thorns in a bush or tree.

THORNBUT Thorn"but, n. Etym: [Thorn + -but as in halibut; cf. G. dornbutt.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The turbot.

THORN-HEADED Thorn"-head`ed, a.

Defn: Having a head armed with thorns or spines. Thorn-headed worm (Zoöl.), any worm of the order Acanthocephala; — called also thornhead.

THORNLESS Thorn"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of, or free from, thorns.

THORNSET Thorn"set`, a.

Defn: Set with thorns. Dyer.

THORNTAIL Thorn"tail`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beautiful South American humming bird (Gouldia Popelairii), having the six outer tail feathers long, slender, and pointed. The head is ornamented with a long, pointed crest.

THORNY Thorn"y, a. [Compar. Thornier; superl. Thorniest.] Etym: [Cf. AS. þorniht.]

1. Full of thorns or spines; rough with thorns; spiny; as, a thorny wood; a thorny tree; a thorny crown.

2. Like a thorn or thorns; hence, figuratively, troublesome; vexatious; harassing; perplexing. "The thorny point of bare distress." Shak. The steep and thorny way to heaven. Shak. Thorny rest-harrow (Bot.), rest-harrow. — Thorny trefoil, a prickly plant of the genus Fagonia (F. Cretica, etc.).

THORO Thor"o, a.

Defn: Thorough. [Reformed spelling.]

THOROUGH Thor"ough, prep. Etym: [See Through.]

Defn: Through. [Obs.] Spenser. Shak.

THOROUGH Thor"ough, a.

1. Passing through; as, thorough lights in a house. [Obs.]

2. Passing through or to the end; hence, complete; perfect; as, a thorough reformation; thorough work; a thorough translator; a thorough poet.

THOROUGH Thor"ough, adv.

1. Thoroughly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Chaucer.

2. Through. [Obs.] Shak.

THOROUGH Thor"ough, n.

Defn: A furrow between two ridges, to drain off the surface water. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

THOROUGH BASS Thor"ough bass`. (Mus.)

Defn: The representation of chords by figures placed under the base; figured bass; basso continuo; — sometimes used as synonymous with harmony.

THOROUGH-BRACE Thor"ough-brace`, n.

Defn: A leather strap supporting the body of a carriage, and attached to springs, or serving as a spring. See Illust. of Chaise.

THOROUGHBRED Thor"ough*bred`, a.

Defn: Bred from the best blood through a long line; pure-blooded; — said of stock, as horses. Hence, having the characteristics of such breeding; mettlesome; courageous; of elegant form, or the like. — n.

Defn: A thoroughbred animal, especially a horse.

THOROUGHFARE Thor"ough*fare`, n. Etym: [AS. þurhfaru.]

1. A passage through; a passage from one street or opening to another; an unobstructed way open to the public; a public road; hence, a frequented street. A large and splendid thoroughfare. Motley.

2. A passing or going through; passage. [R.] [Made] Hell and this world — one realm, one continent Of easy thoroughfare. Milton.

THOROUGHGOING Thor"ough*go`ing, a.

1. Going through, or to the end or bottom; very thorough; complete.

2. Going all lengths; extreme; thoroughplaced; — less common in this sense.

THOROUGH-LIGHTED Thor"ough-light`ed, a. (Arch.)

Defn: Provided with thorough lights or windows at opposite sides, as a room or building. Gwilt.

THOROUGHLY Thor"ough*ly, adv.

Defn: In a thorough manner; fully; entirely; completely.

THOROUGHNESS Thor"ough*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being thorough; completeness.

THOROUGHPACED Thor"ough*paced`, a.

Defn: Perfect in what is undertaken; complete; going all lengths; as, a thoroughplaced Tory or Whig. If she be a thoroughplaced impostor. Sir W. Scott.

THOROUGHPIN Thor"ough*pin`, n. (Far.)

Defn: A disease of the hock (sometimes of the knee) of a horse, caused by inflammation of the synovial membrane and a consequent excessive secretion of the synovial fluid; — probably so called because there is usually an oval swelling on each side of the leg, appearing somewhat as if a pin had been thrust through.

THOROUGHSPED Thor"ough*sped`, a.

Defn: Fully accomplished; thoroughplaced. [R.] Swift.

THOROUGHSTITCH Thor"ough*stitch`, adv.

Defn: So as to go the whole length of any business; fully; completely. [Obs.] Preservance alone can carry us thoroughstitch. L'Estrange.

THOROUGHWAX Thor"ough*wax`, n. (Bot.) (a) An umbelliferous plant (Bupleurum rotundifolium) with perfoliate leaves. (b) Thoroughwort.

THOROUGHWORT Thor"ough*wort`, n.

Defn: Same as Boneset.

THOROW Thor"ow, prep.

Defn: Through. [Obs.] "Thorow bramble, pits, and floods." Beau. & Fl.

THOROW Thor"ow, a.

Defn: Thorough. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

THORP; THORPE Thorp, Thorpe (thôrp), n. Etym: [AS. þorp; akin to OS. & OFries. thorp, D. dorp, G. dorf, Icel. þorp, Dan. torp, Sw. torp a cottage, a little farm, Goth. þaúrp a field, and probably to Lith. troba a building, a house, W. tref a hamlet, Ir. treabh a farmed village, a tribe, clan, Gael. treabhair houses, and perhaps to L. turba a crowd, mult. Cf. Dorp.]

Defn: A group of houses in the country; a small village; a hamlet; a dorp; — now chiefly occurring in names of places and persons; as, Althorp, Mablethorpe. "Within a little thorp I staid." Fairfax. Then thorpe and byre arose in fire. Tennyson.

THOSE Those, pron. Etym: [OE. þos, þas, AS. edhas, nom. and acc. pl. of edhes this. See This, and cf. These.]

Defn: The plural of that. See That.

THOTH Thoth, n.

1. (Myth.)

Defn: The god of eloquence and letters among the ancient Egyptians, and supposed to be the inventor of writing and philosophy. He corresponded to the Mercury of the Romans, and was usually represented as a human figure with the head of an ibis or a lamb.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Egyptian sacred baboon.

THOU Thou, pron. [Sing.: nom. Thou; poss. Thy or Thine (; obj. Thee. Pl.: nom. You (; poss. Your or Yours (; obj. You.] Etym: [OE. thou, þu, AS. edhu, edhu; akin to OS. & OFries. thu, G., Dan. & Sw. du, Icel. þu, Goth. þu, Russ. tui, Ir. & Gael. tu, W. ti, L. tu, Gr. sy`, Dor. ty`, Skr. tvam. *185. Cf. Thee, Thine, Te Deum.]

Defn: The second personal pronoun, in the singular number, denoting the person addressed; thyself; the pronoun which is used in addressing persons in the solemn or poetical style. Art thou he that should come Matt. xi. 3.

Note: "In Old English, generally, thou is the language of a lord to a servant, of an equal to an equal, and expresses also companionship, love, permission, defiance, scorn, threatening: whilst ye is the language of a servant to a lord, and of compliment, and further expresses honor, submission, or entreaty." Skeat.

Note: Thou is now sometimes used by the Friends, or Quakers, in familiar discourse, though most of them corruptly say thee instead of thou.

THOU Thou, v. t.

Defn: To address as thou, esp. to do so in order to treat with insolent familiarity or contempt. If thou thouest him some thrice, it shall not be amiss. Shak.

THOU Thou, v. i.

Defn: To use the words thou and thee in discourse after the manner of the Friends. [R.]

THOUGH Though (tho), conj. Etym: [OE. thogh, þah, AS. edheáh, edhæh, edheh; akin to OS. thoh, OFries. thach, D. & G. doch but, yet, OHG. doh but, yet though, Icel. þo yet, nevertheless, Sw. dock, Dan. dog, Goth. þáuh, þáu, than, or, yet; of uncertain origin. *184.]

Defn: Granting, admitting, or supposing that; notwithstanding that; if. Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him. Job xiii. 15. Not that I so affirm, though so it seem. Milton.

Note: It is compounded with all in although. See Although. As though, as if. In the vine were three branches; and it was as though it budded. Gen. xl. 10.

THOUGH Though, adv.

Defn: However; nevertheless; notwithstanding; — used in familiar language, and in the middle or at the end of a sentence. I would not be as sick though for his place. Shak. A good cause would do well, though. Dryden.

THOUGHT Thought,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Think.

THOUGHT Thought, n. Etym: [OE. þoght, þouht, AS. þoht, geþoht, fr. þencean to think; akin to D. gedachte thought, MHG. daht, gedaht, Icel. þottr, þotti. See Think.]

1. The act of thinking; the exercise of the mind in any of its higher forms; reflection; cogitation. Thought can not be superadded to matter, so as in any sense to render it true that matter can become cogitative. Dr. T. Dwight.

2. Meditation; serious consideration. Pride, of all others the most dangerous fault, Proceeds from want of sense or want of thought. Roscommon.

3. That which is thought; an idea; a mental conception, whether an opinion, judgment, fancy, purpose, or intention. Thus Bethel spoke, who always speaks his thought. Pope. Why do you keep alone, . . . Using those thoughts which should indeed have died With them they think on Shak. Thoughts come crowding in so fast upon me, that my only difficulty is to choose or to reject. Dryden. All their thoughts are against me for evil. Ps. lvi. 5.

4. Solicitude; anxious care; concern. Hawis was put in trouble, and died with thought and anguish before his business came to an end. Bacon. Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink. Matt. vi. 25.

5. A small degree or quantity; a trifle; as, a thought longer; a thought better. [Colloq.] If the hair were a thought browner. Shak.

Note: Thought, in philosophical usage now somewhat current, denotes the capacity for, or the exercise of, the very highest intellectual functions, especially those usually comprehended under judgment. This [faculty], to which I gave the name of the "elaborative faculty," — the faculty of relations or comparison, — constitutes what is properly denominated thought. Sir W. Hamilton.

Syn. — Idea; conception; imagination; fancy; conceit; notion; supposition; reflection; consideration; meditation; contemplation; cogitation; deliberation.

THOUGHTFUL Thought"ful, a.

1. Full of thought; employed in meditation; contemplative; as, a man of thoughtful mind. War, horrid war, your thoughtful walks invades. Pope.