R R (är). (continued 11)

RHYTHMIC; RHYTHMICAL Rhyth"mic, Rhyth"mic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. rhythmicus, F. rhythmique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, rhythm DAy and night I worked my rhythmic thought. Mrs. Browning. Rhythmical accent. (Mus.) See Accent, n., 6 (c).

RHYTHMICALLY Rhyth"mic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a rhythmical manner.

RHYTHMICS Rhyth"mics, n.

Defn: The department of musical science which treats of the length of sounds.

RHYTHMING Rhyth"ming, a.

Defn: Writing rhythm; verse making. "The rhythming monk." Fuller.

RHYTHMLESS Rhythm"less, a.

Defn: Being without rhythm. Coleridge.

RHYTHMOMETER Rhyth*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Rhythm + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for marking time in musical movements. See Metronome.

RHYTHMUS Rhyth"mus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Rhythm.

RHYTINA Rhyt"i*na, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Rytina.

RIAL Ri"al (, n.

Defn: A Spanish coin. See Real. [Obs.]

RIAL Ri*al", a.

Defn: Royal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

RIAL Ri"al, n. Etym: [From Royal.]

Defn: A gold coin formerly current in England, of the value of ten shillings sterling in the reign of Henry VI., and of fifteen shillings in the reign of Elizabeth. [Spelt also ryal.] Brande & C.

RIANT Ri`ant", a. Etym: [F. riant, p. pr. of rire to laugh, L. ridere.]

Defn: Laughing; laughable; exciting gayety; gay; merry; delightful to the view, as a landscape. In such cases the sublimity must be drawn from the other sources, with a strict caution, howewer, against anything light and riant. Burke.

RIB Rib, n. Etym: [AS. rib, ribb; akin to D. rib, G. rippe, OHG. rippa, rippi, Dan. ribbe, Icel. rif, Russ. rebro.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the curved bones attached to the vertebral column and supporting the lateral walls of the thorax.

Note: In man there are twelve ribs on each side, of which the upper seven are directly connected with the sternum by cartilages, and are called sternal, or true, ribs. The remaining five pairs are called asternal, or false, ribs, and of these each of the three upper pairs is attached to the cartilage of the rib above, while the two lower pairs are free at the ventral ends, and are called floating ribs. See Thorax.

2. That which resembles a rib in form or use. Specifically: (a) (Shipbuilding) One of the timbers, or bars of iron or steel, that branch outward and upward from the keel, to support the skin or planking, and give shape and strength to the vessel. (b) (Mach. & Structures)

Defn: A ridge, fin, or wing, as on a plate, cylinder, beam, etc., to strengthen or stiffen it. (c) One of the rods on which the cover of an umbrella is extended. (d) A prominent line or ridge, as in cloth. (e) A longitudinal strip of metal uniting the barrels of a double- barreled gun.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: The chief nerve, or one of the chief nerves, of a leaf. (b) Any longitudinal ridge in a plant.

4. (Arch.) (a) In Gothic vaulting, one of the primary members of the vault. These are strong arches, meeting and crossing one another, dividing the whole space into triangles, which are then filled by vaulted construction of lighter material. Hence, an imitation of one of these in wood, plaster, or the like. (b) A projecting mold, or group of moldings, forming with others a pattern, as on a ceiling, ornamental door, or the like.

5. (Mining) (a) Solid coal on the side of a gallery; solid ore in a vein. (b) An elongated pillar of ore or coal left as a support. Raymond.

6. A wife; — in allusion to Eve, as made out of Adam's rib. [Familiar & Sportive] How many have we known whose heads have been broken with their own rib. Bp. Hall. Chuck rib, a cut of beef immediately in front of the middle rib. See Chuck. — Fore ribs, a cut of beef immediately in front of the sirloin. — Middle rib, a cut of beef between the chuck rib and the fore ribs. — Rib grass. (Bot.) Same as Ribwort.

RIB Rib, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ribbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Ribbing.]

1. To furnish with ribs; to form with rising lines and channels; as, to rib cloth.

2. To inclose, as with ribs, and protect; to shut in. It [lead] were too gross To rib her cerecloth in the obscure grave. Shak. To rib land, to leave strips of undisturbed ground between the furrows in plowing.

RIBALD Rib"ald, n./ Etym: [OE. ribald, ribaud, F. ribaud, OF. ribald, ribault, LL. ribaldus, of German origin; cf. OHG hripa prostitute. For the ending -ald cf. E. Herald.]

Defn: A low, vulgar, brutal, foul-mouthed wretch; a lewd fellow. Spenser. Pope. Ribald was almost a class name in the feudal system . . . He was his patron's parasite, bulldog, and tool . . . It is not to be wondered at that the word rapidly became a synonym for everything ruffianly and brutal. Earle.

RIBALD Rib"ald, a.

Defn: Low; base; mean; filthy; obscene. The busy day, Waked by the lark, hath roused the ribald crows. Shak.

RIBALDISH Rib"ald*ish, a.

Defn: Like a ribald. Bp. Hall.

RIBALDROUS Rib"ald*rous, a.

Defn: Of a ribald quality. [R.]

RIBALDRY Rib"ald*ry, n. Etym: [OE. ribaldrie, ribaudrie, OF. ribalderie, ribauderie.]

Defn: The talk of a ribald; low, vulgar language; indecency; obscenity; lewdness; — now chiefly applied to indecent language, but formerly, as by Chaucer, also to indecent acts or conduct. The ribaldry of his conversation moved Macaulay.

RIBAN Rib"an, n.

Defn: See Ribbon. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

RIBAND Rib"and, n.

Defn: See Ribbon. Riband jasper (Min.), a variety of jasper having stripes of different colors, as red and green.

RIBAND Rib"and, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Rib-band. Totten.

RIBANDED Rib"and*ed, a.

Defn: Ribboned. B. Jonson.

RIBAUD Rib"aud, n.

Defn: A ribald. [Obs.] P. Plowman.

RIBAUDEQUIN Ri*bau"de*quin, n. Etym: [F.]

1. An engine of war used in the Middle Ages, consisting of a protected elevated staging on wheels, and armed in front with pikes. It was (after the 14th century) furnished with small cannon.

2. A huge bow fixed on the wall of a fortified town for casting javelins.

RIBAUDRED; RIBAUDROUS Rib"aud*red, Rib"aud*rous, a.

Defn: Filthy; obscene; ribald. [Obs.]

RIBAUDRY Rib"aud*ry, n.

Defn: Ribaldry. [Obs.] Spenser.

RIBAUDY Rib"aud*y, n.

Defn: Ribaldry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

RIBAULD Rib"auld, n.

Defn: A ribald. [Obs.] Spenser.

RIBBAND Rib"band, n.

Defn: A ribbon. Pope.

RIBBAND Rib"*band`, n. Etym: [Rib + band.] Etym: [Written also riband, and ribbon.] (Shipbuilding)

Defn: A long, narrow strip of timber bent and bolted longitudinally to the ribs of a vessel, to hold them in position, and give rigidity to the framework. Rib-band lines, oblique longitudinal sectionss of the hull of a vessel. Knight.

RIBBED Ribbed, a.

1. Furnished or formed with ribs; as, a ribbed cylinder; ribbed cloth.

2. (Mining)

Defn: Intercalated with slate; — said of a seam of coal. Raymond.

RIBBING Rib"bing, n.

Defn: An assemblage or arrangement of ribs, as the timberwork for the support of an arch or coved ceiling, the veins in the leaves of some plants, ridges in the fabric of cloth, or the like.

RIBBON Rib"bon, n. Etym: [OE. riban, OF. riban, F. ruban, probably of German origin; cf. D. ringband collar, necklace, E. ring circle, and band.] [Written also riband, ribband.]

1. A fillet or narrow woven fabric, commonly of silk, used for trimming some part of a woman's attire, for badges, and other decorative purposes.

2. A narrow strip or shred; as, a steel or magnesium ribbon; sails torn to ribbons.

3. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: Same as Rib-band.

4. pl.

Defn: Driving reins. [Cant] London Athenæum.

5. (Her.)

Defn: A bearing similar to the bend, but only one eighth as wide.

6. (Spinning)

Defn: A silver.

Note: The blue ribbon, and The red ribbon, are phrases often used to designate the British orders of the Garter and of the Bath, respectively, the badges of which are suspended by ribbons of these colors. See Blue ribbon, under Blue. Ribbon fish. (Zoöl.) (a) Any elongated, compressed, ribbon-shaped marine fish of the family Trachypteridæ, especially the species of the genus Trachypterus, and the oarfish (Regelecus Banksii) of the North Atlantic, which is sometimes over twenty feet long. (b) The hairtail, or bladefish. (c) A small compressed marine fish of the genus Cepola, having a long, slender, tapering tail. The European species (C. rubescens) is light red throughout. Called also band fish. — Ribbon grass (Bot.), a variety of reed canary grass having the leaves stripped with green and white; — called also Lady's garters. See Reed grass, under Reed. — Ribbon seal (Zoöl.), a North Pacific seal (Histriophoca fasciata). The adult male is dark brown, conspicuously banded and striped with yellowish white. — Ribbon snake (Zoöl.), a common North American snake (Eutainia saurita). It is conspicuously striped with bright yellow and dark brown. — Ribbon Society, a society in Ireland, founded in the early part of the 19th century in antagonism to the Orangemen. It afterwards became an organization of tennant farmers banded together to prevent eviction by landlords. It took its name from the green ribbon worn by members as a badge. — Ribborn worm. (Zoöl.) (a) A tapeworm. (b) A nemertean.

RIBBON Rib"bon, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ribboned; p. pr. & vb. n. Ribboning.]

Defn: To adorn with, or as with, ribbons; to mark with stripes resembling ribbons.

RIBBONISM Rib"bon*ism, n.

Defn: The principles and practices of the Ribbonmen. See Ribbon Society, under Ribbon.

RIBBONMAN Rib"bon*man, n; pl. -men.

Defn: A member of the Ribbon Society. See Ribbon Society, under Ribbon.

RIBBONWOOD Rib"bon*wood`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A malvaceous tree (Hoheria populnea) of New Zealand, the bark of which is used for cordage.

RIBES Ri"bes, n.Etym: [NL.; cf. Dan. ribs, and Ar. ribas a plant with an acid juice.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs including gooseberries and currants of many kinds.

RIBIBE Rib"ibe, n. Etym: [See Rebec.]

1. A sort of stringed instrument; a rebec. [Obs.] Nares.

2. An old woman; — in contempt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A bawd; a prostitute. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

RIBIBLE Rib"i*ble, n. Etym: [See Ribibe.]

Defn: A small threestringed viol; a rebec. Moore (Encyc. of Music). All can be play on gittern or ribible. Chaucer.

RIBLESS Rib"less, a.

Defn: Having no ribs.

RIBROAST Rib"roast`, v. t.

Defn: To beat soundly. [Slang]

RIBWORT Rib"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of plantain (Plantago lanceolata) with long, narrow, ribbed leaves; — called also rib grass, ripple grass, ribwort plantain.

-RIC -ric. Etym: [AS rice kingdom, dominion. See Rich.]

Defn: A suffix signifying dominion, jurisdiction; as, bishopric, the district over which a bishop exercises authority.

RICE Rice, n. Etym: [F. riz (cf. Pr. ris, It. riso), L. oryza, Gr. brizi, akin to Skr. vrihi; or perh. akin to E. rye. Cf. Rye.] (Bot.)

Defn: A well-known cereal grass (Oryza sativa) and its seed. This plant is extensively cultivated in warm climates, and the grain forms a large portion of the food of the inhabitants. In America it grows chiefly on low, moist land, which can be overflowed. Ant rice. (Bot.) See under Ant. — French rice. (Bot.) See Amelcorn. — Indian rice., a tall reedlike water grass (Zizania aquatica), bearing panicles of a long, slender grain, much used for food by North American Indians. It is common in shallow water in the Northern States. Called also water oat, Canadian wild rice, etc. — Mountain rice, any species of an American genus (Oryzopsis) of grasses, somewhat resembling rice. — Rice bunting. (Zoöl.) Same as Ricebird. — Rice hen (Zoöl.), the Florida gallinule. — Rice mouse (Zoöl.), a large dark-colored field mouse (Calomys palistris) of the Southern United States. — Rice paper, a kind of thin, delicate paper, brought from China, - - used for painting upon, and for the manufacture of fancy articles. It is made by cutting the pith of a large herb (Fatsia papyrifera, related to the ginseng) into one roll or sheet, which is flattened out under pressure. Called also pith paper. — Rice troupial (Zoöl.), the bobolink. — Rice water, a drink for invalids made by boiling a small quantity of rice in water. — Rice-water discharge (Med.), a liquid, resembling rice water in appearance, which is vomited, and discharged from the bowels, in cholera. — Rice weevil (Zoöl.), a small beetle (Calandra, or Sitophilus, oryzæ) which destroys rice, wheat, and Indian corn by eating out the interior; — called also black weevil.

RICEBIRD Rice"bird`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The Java sparrow. (b) The bobolink.

RICE-SHELL Rice"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of small white polished marine shells of the genus Olivella.

RICH Rich, (rîch), a. [Compar. Richer (; superl. Richest.] Etym: [OE. riche, AS. rice rich, powerful; akin to OS. riki, D. rijk, G. reich, OHG. rihhi, Icel. rikr, Sw. rik, Dan. rig, Goth. reiks; from a word meaning, ruler, king, probably borrowed from Celtic, and akin to L. rex, regis, king, regere to guide, rule. sq. root283. See Right, and cf. Derrick, Enrich, Rajah, Riches, Royal.]

1. Having an abundance of material possessions; possessed of a large amount of property; well supplied with land, goods, or money; wealthy; opulent; affluent; — opposed to Ant: poor. "Rich merchants." Chaucer. The rich [person] hath many friends. Prov. xiv. 20. As a thief, bent to unhoard the cash Of some rich burgher. Milton.

2. Hence, in general, well supplied; abounding; abundant; copious; bountiful; as, a rich treasury; a rich entertainment; a rich crop. If life be short, it shall be glorious; Each minute shall be rich in some great action. Rowe. The gorgeous East with richest hand Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold. Milton.

3. Yielding large returns; productive or fertile; fruitful; as, rich soil or land; a rich mine.

4. Composed of valuable or costly materials or ingredients; procured at great outlay; highly valued; precious; sumptuous; costly; as, a rich dress; rich silk or fur; rich presents. Like to rich and various gems. Milton.

5. Abounding in agreeable or nutritive qualities; — especially applied to articles of food or drink which are high-seasoned or abound in oleaginous ingredients, or are sweet, luscious, and high- flavored; as, a rich dish; rich cream or soup; rich pastry; rich wine or fruit. Sauces and rich spices are fetched from India. Baker.

6. Not faint or delicate; vivid; as, a rich color.

7. Full of sweet and harmonius sounds; as, a rich voice; rich music.

8. Abounding in beauty; gorgeous; as, a rich landscape; rich scenery.

9. Abounding in humor; exciting amusement; entertaining; as, the scene was a rich one; a rich incident or character. [Colloq.] Thackeray.

Note: Rich is sometimes used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, rich-fleeced, rich-jeweled, rich-laden, rich-stained.

Syn. — Wealthy; affluent; opulent; ample; copious; abundant; plentiful; fruitful; costly; sumptuous; precious; generous; luscious.

RICH Rich, v. t.

Defn: To enrich. [Obs.] Gower.

RICHES Rich"es, n. pl. Etym: [OE. richesse, F. richesse, from riche rich, of German origin. See Rich,a.]

1. That which makes one rich; an abundance of land, goods, money, or other property; wealth; opulence; affluence. Riches do not consist in having more gold and silver, but in having more in proportion, than our neighbors. Locke.

2. That which appears rich, sumptuous, precious, or the like. The riche of heaven's pavement, trodden gold. Milton.

Note: Richesse, the older form of this word, was in the singular number. The form riches, however, is plural in appearance, and has now come to be used as a plural. Against the richesses of this world shall they have misease of poverty. Chaucer. In one hour so great riches is come to nought. Rev. xviii. 17. And for that riches where is my deserving Shak.

Syn. — Wealth; opulence; affluence; wealthiness; richness; plenty; abundance.

RICHESSE Rich"esse, n. Etym: [F. See Riches.]

Defn: Wealth; riches. See the Note under Riches. [Obs.] Some man desireth for to have richesse. Chaucer. The richesse of all heavenly grace. Spenser.

RICHLY Rich"ly, adv.

Defn: In a rich manner.

RICHNESS Rich"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being rich (in any sense of the adjective).

RICHWEED Rich"weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An herb (Pilea pumila) of the Nettle family, having a smooth, juicy, pellucid stem; — called also clearweed.

RICINELAIDIC Ric`in*e`la*id"ic, a. Etym: [Ricinoleic + elaidic.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric modification of ricinoleic acid obtained as a white crystalline solid.

RICINELAIDIN Ric`in*e*la"i*din, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The glycerin salt of ricinelaidic acid, obtained as a white crystalline waxy substance by treating castor oil with nitrous acid.

RICINIC Ri*cin"ic, a. Etym: [L. ricinus castor-oil plant.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, castor oil; formerly, designating an acid now called ricinoleic acid.

RICININE Ric"i*nine, n. Etym: [L. ricinus castor-oil plant.] (Chem.)

Defn: A bitter white crystalline alkaloid extracted from the seeds of the castor-oil plant.

RICINOLEATE Ric`in*o"le*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of ricinoleic acid; — formerly called palmate.

RICINOLEIC Ric`in*o"le*ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a fatty acid analogous to oleic acid, obtained from castor oil as an oily substance, Cricinolic.

RICINOLEIN Ric`in*o"le*in, n. Etym: [L. ricinus castor-oil plant + oleum oil.] (Chem.)

Defn: The glycerin salt of ricinoleic acid, occuring as a characteristic constituent of castor oil; — formerly called palmin.

RICINOLIC Ric`i*nol"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Ricinoleic.

RICINUS Ric"i*nus (, n. Etym: [L., the castor-oil plant.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants of the Spurge family, containing but one species (R. communis), the castor-oil plant. The fruit is three- celled, and contains three large seeds from which castor oil iss expressed. See Palma Christi.

RICK Rick, n. Etym: [OE. reek, rek, AS. hreác a heap; akin to hryce rick, Icel. hraukr.]

Defn: A stack or pile, as of grain, straw, or hay, in the open air, usually protected from wet with thatching. Golden clusters of beehive ricks, rising at intervals beyond the hedgerows. G. Eliot.

RICK Rick, v. t.

Defn: To heap up in ricks, as hay, etc.

RICKER Rick"er, n.

Defn: A stout pole for use in making a rick, or for a spar to a boat.

RICKETISH Rick"et*ish, a.

Defn: Rickety. [Obs.] Fuller.

RICKETS Rick"ets, n. pl. Etym: [Of uncertain origin; but cf. AS. wrigian to bend, D. wrikken to shake, E. wriggle.] (Med.)

Defn: A disease which affects children, and which is characterized by a bulky head, crooked spine and limbs, depressed ribs, enlarged and spongy articular epiphyses, tumid abdomen, and short stature, together with clear and often premature mental faculties. The essential cause of the disease appears to be the nondeposition of earthy salts in the osteoid tissues. Children afflicted with this malady stand and walk unsteadily. Called also rachitis.

RICKETY Rick"et*y, a.

1. Affected with rickets.

2. Feeble in the joints; imperfect; weak; shaky.

RICKRACK Rick"rack`, n.

Defn: A kind of openwork edging made of serpentine braid.

RICKSTAND Rick"stand`, n.

Defn: A flooring or framework on which a rick is made.

RICOCHET Ric`o*chet", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A rebound or skipping, as of a ball along the ground when a gun is fired at a low angle of elevation, or of a fiat stone thrown along the surface of water. Ricochet firing (Mil.), the firing of guns or howitzers, usually with small charges, at an elevation of only a few degrees, so as to cause the balls or shells to bound or skip along the ground.

RICOCHET Ric`o*chet", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ricochetted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ricochetting.]

Defn: To operate upon by ricochet firing. See Ricochet, n. [R.]

RICOCHET Ric`o*chet", v. i.

Defn: To skip with a rebound or rebounds, as a flat stone on the surface of water, or a cannon ball on the ground. See Ricochet, n.

RICTAL Ric"tal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rictus; as, rictal bristles.

RICTURE Ric"ture, n. Etym: [L. ringi, rictus, to open wide the mouth, to gape.]

Defn: A gaping. [Obs.]

RICTUS Ric"tus, n. Etym: [L., the aperture of the mouth.]

Defn: The gape of the mouth, as of birds; — often resricted to the corners of the mouth.

RID Rid,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Ride, v. i. [Archaic] He rid to the end of the village, where he alighted. Thackeray.

RID Rid, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rid or Ridded; p. pr. & vb. n. Ridding.] Etym: [OE. ridden, redden, AS. hreddan to deliver, liberate; akin to D. & LG. redden, G. retten, Dan. redde, Sw. rädda, and perhaps to Skr. to loosen.]

1. To save; to rescue; to deliver; — with out of. [Obs.] Deliver the poor and needy; rid them out of the hand of the wicked. Ps. lxxxii. 4.

2. To free; to clear; to disencumber; — followed by of. "Rid all the sea of pirates." Shak. In never ridded myself of an overmastering and brooding sense of some great calamity traveling toward me. De Quincey.

3. To drive away; to remove by effort or violence; to make away with; to destroy. [Obs.] I will red evil beasts out of the land. Lev. xxvi. 6. Death's men, you have rid this sweet young prince! Shak.

4. To get over; to dispose of; to dispatch; to finish. [R.] "Willingness rids way." Shak. Mirth will make us rid ground faster than if thieves were at our tails. J. Webster. To be rid of, to be free or delivered from. — To get rid of, to get deliverance from; to free one's self from.

RIDABLE Rid"a*ble, a.

Defn: Suitable for riding; as, a ridable horse; a ridable road.

RIDDANCE Rid"dance, n.

1. The act of ridding or freeing; deliverance; a cleaning up or out. Thou shalt not make clean riddance of the corners of thy field. Lev. xxiii. 22.

2. The state of being rid or free; freedom; escape. "Riddance from all adversity." Hooker.

RIDDEN Rid"den,

Defn: p. p. of Ride.

RIDDER Rid"der, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, rids.

RIDDLE Rid"dle, n. Etym: [OE. ridil, AS. hridder; akin to G. reiter, L. cribrum, and to Gr. rein clean. See Crisis, Certain.]

1. A sieve with coarse meshes, usually of wire, for separating coarser materials from finer, as chaff from grain, cinders from ashes, or gravel from sand.

2. A board having a row of pins, set zigzag, between which wire is drawn to straighten it.

RIDDLE Rid"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Riddling.]

1. To separate, as grain from the chaff, with a riddle; to pass through a riddle; as, riddle wheat; to riddle coal or gravel.

2. To perforate so as to make like a riddle; to make many holes in; as, a house riddled with shot.

RIDDLE Rid"dle, n. Etym: [For riddels, s being misunderstood as the plural ending; OE. ridels, redels. AS. rraadsel, G. räthsel; fr. AS. r to counsel or advise, also, to guess. sq. root116. Cf. Read.]

Defn: Something proposed to be solved by guessing or conjecture; a puzzling question; an ambiguous proposition; an enigma; hence, anything ambiguous or puzzling. To wring from me, and tell to them, my secret, That solved the riddle which I had proposed. Milton. 'T was a strange riddle of a lady. Hudibras.

RIDDLE Rid"dle, v. t.

Defn: To explain; to solve; to unriddle. Riddle me this, and guess him if you can. Dryden.

RIDDLE Rid"dle, v. i.

Defn: To speak ambiguously or enigmatically. "Lysander riddels very prettily." Shak.

RIDDLER Rid"dler, n.

Defn: One who riddles (grain, sand, etc.).

RIDDLER Rid"dler, n.

Defn: One who speaks in, or propounds, riddles.

RIDDLING Rid"dling, a.

Defn: Speaking in a riddle or riddles; containing a riddle. "Riddling triplets." Tennyson. — Rid"dling, adv.

RIDE Ride, v. i. [imp. Rode (rod) (Rid [rîd], archaic); p. p. Ridden ( (Rid, archaic); p. pr. & vb. n. Riding (.] Etym: [AS. ridan; akin to LG. riden, D. rijden, G. reiten, OHG. ritan, Icel. riedha, Sw. rida, Dan. ride; cf. L. raeda a carriage, which is from a Celtic word. Cf. Road.]

1. To be carried on the back of an animal, as a horse. To-morrow, when ye riden by the way. Chaucer. Let your master ride on before, and do you gallop after him. Swift.

2. To be borne in a carriage; as, to ride in a coach, in a car, and the like. See Synonym, below. The richest inhabitants exhibited their wealth, not by riding in gilden carriages, but by walking the streets with trains of servants. Macaulay.

3. To be borne or in a fluid; to float; to lie. Men once walked where ships at anchor ride. Dryden.

4. To be supported in motion; to rest. Strong as the exletree On which heaven rides. Shak. On whose foolish honesty My practices ride easy! Shak.

5. To manage a horse, as an equestrian. He rode, he fenced, he moved with graceful ease. Dryden.

6. To support a rider, as a horse; to move under the saddle; as, a horse rides easy or hard, slow or fast. To ride easy (Naut.), to lie at anchor without violent pitching or straining at the cables. — To ride hard (Naut.), to pitch violently. — To ride out. (a) To go upon a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer. (b) To ride in the open air. [Colloq.] — To ride to hounds, to ride behind, and near to, the hounds in hunting.

Syn. — Drive. — Ride, Drive. Ride originally meant (and is so used throughout the English Bible) to be carried on horseback or in a vehicle of any kind. At present in England, drive is the word applied in most cases to progress in a carriage; as, a drive around the park, etc.; while ride is appropriated to progress on a horse. Johnson seems to sanction this distinction by giving "to travel on horseback" as the leading sense of ride; though he adds "to travel in a vehicle" as a secondary sense. This latter use of the word still occurs to some extent; as, the queen rides to Parliament in her coach of state; to ride in an omnibus. "Will you ride over or drive" said Lord Willowby to his quest, after breakfast that morning. W. Black.

RIDE Ride, v. t.

1. To sit on, so as to be carried; as, to ride a horse; to ride a bicycle. [They] rend up both rocks and hills, and ride the air In whirlwind. Milton.

2. To manage insolently at will; to domineer over. The nobility could no longer endure to be ridden by bakers, cobblers, and brewers. Swift.

3. To convey, as by riding; to make or do by riding. Tue only men that safe can ride Mine errands on the Scottish side. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Surg.)

Defn: To overlap (each other); — said of bones or fractured fragments. To ride a hobby, to have some favorite occupation or subject of talk. — To ride and tie, to take turn with another in labor and rest; — from the expedient adopted by two persons with one horse, one of whom rides the animal a certain distance, and then ties him for the use of the other, who is coming up on foot. Fielding. — To ride down. (a) To ride over; to trample down in riding; to overthrow by riding against; as, to ride down an enemy. (b) (Naut.) To bear down, as on a halyard when hoisting a sail. — To ride out (Naut.), to keep safe afloat during (a storm) while riding at anchor or when hove to on the open sea; as, to ride out the gale. to ride the lightning, (Colloq.) to be executed by electrocution in an electric chair.

RIDE Ride, n.

1. The act of riding; an excursion on horseback or in a vehicle.

2. A saddle horse. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

3. A road or avenue cut in a wood, or through grounds, to be used as a place for riding; a riding.

RIDEAU Ri*deau", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A small mound of earth; ground slightly elevated; a small ridge.

RIDEN Rid"en, obs.

Defn: imp. pl. & p. p. of Ride. Chaucer.

RIDENT Ri"dent, a. Etym: [L. ridens, p. pr. of ridere to laugh.]

Defn: Laughing. [R.] Thackeray.

RIDER Rid"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, rides.

2. Formerly, an agent who went out with samples of goods to obtain orders; a commercial traveler. [Eng.]

3. One who breaks or manages a horse. Shak.

4. An addition or amendment to a manuscript or other document, which is attached on a separate piece of paper; in legislative practice, an additional clause annexed to a bill while in course of passage; something extra or burdensome that is imposed. After the third reading, a foolish man stood up to propose a rider. Macaulay. This [question] was a rider which Mab found difficult to answer. A. S. Hardy.

5. (Math.)

Defn: A problem of more than usual difficulty added to another on an examination paper.

6. Etym: [D. rijder.]

Defn: A Dutch gold coin having the figure of a man on horseback stamped upon it. His moldy money ! half a dozen riders. J. Fletcher.

7. (Mining)

Defn: Rock material in a vein of ore, dividing it.

8. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: An interior rib occasionally fixed in a ship's hold, reaching from the keelson to the beame of the lower deck, to strengthen her frame. Totten.

9. (Naut.)

Defn: The second tier of casks in a vessel's hold.

10. A small forked weight which straddles the beam of a balance, along which it can be moved in the manner of the weight on a steelyard.

11. A robber. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Drummond. Rider's bone (Med.), a bony deposit in the muscles of the upper and inner part of the thigh, due to the pressure and irritation caused by the saddle in riding.

RIDERLESS Rid"er*less, a.

Defn: Having no rider; as, a riderless horse. H. Kingsley.

RIDGE Ridge, n. Etym: [OE. rigge the back, AS. hrycg; akin to D. rug, G. rÜcken, OHG. rucki, hrukki, Icel. hryggr, Sw. rugg, Dan. ryg. sq. root16.]

1. The back, or top of the back; a crest. Hudibras.

2. A range of hills or mountains, or the upper part of such a range; any extended elevation between valleys. "The frozen ridges of the Alps." Shak. Part rise crystal wall, or ridge direct. Milton.

3. A raised line or strip, as of ground thrown up by a plow or left between furrows or ditches, or as on the surface of metal, cloth, or bone, etc.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: The intersection of two surface forming a salient angle, especially the angle at the top between the opposite slopes or sides of a roof or a vault.

5. (Fort.)

Defn: The highest portion of the glacis proceeding from the salient angle of the covered way. Stocqueler.

RIDGE Ridge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ridged; p. pr. & vb. n. Ridging.]

1. To form a ridge of; to furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or ridges. Bristles ranged like those that ridge the back Of chafed wild boars. Milton.

2. To form into ridges with the plow, as land.

3. To wrinkle. "With a forehead ridged." Cowper.

RIDGEBAND Ridge"band`, n.

Defn: The part of a harness which passes over the saddle, and supports the shafts of a cart; — called also ridgerope, and ridger. Halliwell.

RIDGEBONE Ridge"bone`, n.

Defn: The backbone. [Obs.] Blood . . . lying cluttered about the ridgebone. Holland.

RIDGEL Ridg"el, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Ridgelling.

RIDGELET Ridge"let, n.

Defn: A little ridge.

RIDGELING Ridge"ling, n. Etym: [Prov. E. riggilt, riggot, ananimal half castrated, a sheep having only one testicle; cf. Prov. G. rigel, rig, a barrow hog, rigler a cock half castrated.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A half-castrated male animal.

RIDGEPIECE; RIDGEPLATE Ridge"piece`, Ridge"plate`, n.

Defn: See Ridgepole.

RIDGEPOLE Ridge"pole`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The timber forming the ridge of a roof, into which the rafters are secured.

RIDGEROPE Ridge"rope`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Life line (a), under Life.

RIDGINGLY Ridg"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to form ridges.

RIDGY Ridg"y, a.

Defn: Having a ridge or ridges; rising in a ridge. "Lifted on a ridgy wave." Pope.

RIDICLE Rid"i*cle, n.

Defn: Ridicule. [Obs.] Foxe.

RIDICULE Rid"i*cule, n. Etym: [F. ridicule, L. ridiculum a jest, fr. ridiculus. See Ridiculous.]

1. An object of sport or laughter; a laughingstock; a laughing matter. [Marlborough] was so miserably ignorant, that his deficiencies made him the ridicule of his contemporaries. Buckle. To the people . . . but a trifle, to the king but a ridicule. Foxe.

2. Remarks concerning a subject or a person designed to excite laughter with a degree of contempt; wit of that species which provokes contemptuous laughter; disparagement by making a person an object of laughter; banter; — a term lighter than derision. We have in great measure restricted the meaning of ridicule, which would properly extend over whole region of the ridiculous, — the laughable, — and we have narrowed it so that in common usage it mostly corresponds to "derision", which does indeed involve personal and offensive feelings. Hare. Safe from the bar, the pulpit, and the throne, Yet touched and shamed by ridicule alone. Pope.

3. Quality of being ridiculous; ridiculousness. [Obs.] To see the ridicule of this practice. Addison.

Syn. — Derision; banter; raillery; burlesque; mockery; irony; satire; sarcasm; gibe; jeer; sneer. — Ridicule, Derision, Both words imply disapprobation; but ridicule usually signifies good-natured, fun-loving opposition without manifest malice, while derision is commonly bitter and scornful, and sometimes malignant.

RIDICULE Rid"i*cule, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ridiculed;p. pr. & vb. n. Ridiculing.]

Defn: To laugh at mockingly or disparagingly; to awaken ridicule toward or respecting. I 've known the young, who ridiculed his rage. Goldsmith.

Syn. — To deride; banter; rally; burlesque; mock; satirize; lampoon. See Deride.

RIDICULE Rid"i*cule, a. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Ridiculous. [Obs.] This action . . . became so ridicule. Aubrey.

RIDICULER Rid"i*cu`ler, n.

Defn: One who ridicules.

RIDICULIZE Ri*dic"u*lize, v. t.

Defn: To make ridiculous; to ridicule. [Obs.] Chapman.

RIDICULOSITY Ri*dic`u*los"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being ridiculous; ridiculousness; also, something ridiculous. [Archaic] Bailey.

RIDICULOUS Ri*dic"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. ridiculosus, ridiculus, fr. ridere to laigh. Cf. Risible.]

1. Fitted to excite ridicule; absurd and laughable; unworthy of serious consideration; as, a ridiculous dress or behavior. Agricola, discerning that those little targets and unwieldy glaives ill pointed would soon become ridiculous against the thrust and close, commanded three Batavian cohorts . . . to draw up and come to handy strokes. Milton.

2. Involving or expressing ridicule. [r.] [It] provokes me to ridiculous smiling. Shak.

Syn. — Ludicrous; laughable; risible; droll; comical; absurd; preposterous. See Ludicrous. —- Ri*dic"u*lous*ly, adv. — Ri*dic"u*lous*ness, n.

RIDING Rid"ing, n. Etym: [For thriding, Icel. pr the third part, fr. pri third, akin to E. third. See Third.]

Defn: One of the three jurisdictions into which the county of York, in England, is divided; — formerly under the government of reeve. They are called the North, the East, and the West, Riding. Blackstone.

RIDING Rid"ing, a.

1. Employed to travel; traveling; as, a riding clerk. "One riding apparitor." Ayliffe.

2. Used for riding on; as, a riding horse.

3. Used for riding, or when riding; devoted to riding; as, a riding whip; a riding habit; a riding day. Riding clerk. (a) A clerk who traveled for a commercial house. [Obs. Eng.] (b) One of the "six clerks" formerly attached to the English Court of Chancery. — Riding hood. (a) A hood formerly worn by women when riding. (b) A kind of cloak with a hood. — Riding master, an instructor in horsemanship. — Riding rhyme (Pros.), the meter of five accents, with couplet rhyme; — probably so called from the mounted pilgrims described in the Canterbury Tales. Dr. Guest. — Riding school, a school or place where the art of riding is taught.

RIDING Rid"ing, n.

1. The act or state of one who rides.

2. A festival procession. [Obs.] When there any riding was in Cheap. Chaucer.

3. Same as Ride, n., 3. Sir P. Sidney.

4. A district in charge of an excise officer. [Eng.]

RIDOTTO Ri*dot"to, n. Etym: [It., fr. LL. reductus a retreat. See Redoubt.]

Defn: A favorite Italian public entertainment, consisting of music and dancing, — held generally on fast eves. Brande & C. There are to be ridottos at guinea tickets. Walpole.

RIDOTTO Ri*dot"to, v. i.

Defn: To hold ridottos. [R.] J. G. Cooper.

RIE Rie, n.

Defn: See Rye. [Obs.] Holland. Rie grass. (Bot.) (a) A kind of wild barley (Hordeum pratense). Dr. Prior. (b) Ray grass. Dr. Prior.

RIEF Rief, n. Etym: [See Reave.]

Defn: Robbery. [Obs. or Scot.]

RIETBOC Riet"boc, n. Etym: [D. riet reed + bok buck.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The reedbuck, a South African antelope (Cervicapra arundinacea); — so called from its frequenting dry places covered with high grass or reeds. Its color is yellowish brown. Called also inghalla, and rietbok.

RIFACIMENTO Ri*fa`ci*men"to, n.; pl. Rifacimenti (#). [It.]

Defn: A remaking or recasting; an adaptation, esp. of a literary work or musical composition.

RIFE Rife, a. Etym: [AS. rif abundant, or Icel. rifr munificent; akin to OD. riff, rijve, abundant.]

1. Prevailing; prevalent; abounding. Before the plague of London, inflammations of the lungs were rife and mortal. Arbuthnot. Even now the tumult of loud mirth Was rife, and perfect in may listening ear. Milton.

2. Having power; active; nimble. [Obs.] What! I am rife a little yet. J. Webster. — Rife"ly, adv. — Rife"ness, n.

RIFFLE Rif"fle, n. Etym: [CF. G. riffeln, riefeln, to groove. Cf. Rifle a gun.] (Mining)

Defn: A trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when auriferous earth is washed; also, one of the cleats, grooves, or steps in such a trough. Also called ripple.

RIFFLER Rif"fler, n. Etym: [See Riffle.]

Defn: A curved file used in carving wool and marble.

RIFFRAFF Riff"raff`, n. Etym: [OE. rif and raf every particle, OF. rif et raf. CF. Raff, and 1st Rifle.]

Defn: Sweepings; refuse; the lowest order of society. Beau & Fl.

RIFLE Ri"fle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rifled; p. pr. & vb. n. Rifling.] Etym: [F. rifler to rifle, sweep away; of uncertain origin. CF. Raff.]

1. To seize and bear away by force; to snatch away; to carry off. Till time shall rifle every youthful grace. Pope.

2. To strip; to rob; to pillage. Piers Plowman. Stand, sir, and throw us that you have about ye: If not, we'll make you sit and rifle you. Shak.

3. To raffle. [Obs.] J. Webster.

RIFLE Ri"fle, v. i.

1. To raffle. [Obs.] Chapman.

2. To commit robbery. [R.] Bp. Hall.

RIFLE Ri"fle, n. Etym: [Akin to Dan. rifle, or riffel, the rifle of a gun, a chamfer (cf. riffel, riffelbösse, a rifle gun, rifle to rifle a gun, G. riefeln, riefen, to chamfer, groove), and E. rive. See Rive, and cf. Riffle, Rivel.]

1. A gun, the inside of whose barrel is grooved with spiral channels, thus giving the ball a rotary motion and insuring greater accuracy of fire. As a military firearm it has superseded the musket.

2. pl. (Mil.)

Defn: A body of soldiers armed with rifles.

3. A strip of wood covered with emery or a similar material, used for sharpening scythes. Rifle pit (Mil.), a trench for sheltering sharpshooters.

RIFLE Ri"fle, v. t.

1. To grove; to channel; especially, to groove internally with spiral channels; as, to rifle a gun barrel or a cannon.

2. To whet with a rifle. See Rifle, n., 3.

RIFLEBIRD Ri"fle*bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of beautiful birds of Australia and New Guinea, of the genera Ptiloris and Craspidophora, allied to the paradise birds.

Note: The largest and best known species is Ptiloris paradisea of Australia. Its general color is rich velvety brown, glossed with lilac; the under parts are varied with rich olive green, and the head, throat, and two middle tail feathers are brilliant metallic green.

RIFLEMAN Ri"fle*man, n.; pl. Rifleman (. (Mil.)

Defn: A soldier armed with a rifle.

RIFLER Ri"fler, n.

Defn: One who rifles; a robber.

RIFLING Ri"fling, n. (a) The act or process of making the grooves in a rifled cannon or gun barrel. (b) The system of grooves in a rifled gun barrel or cannon. Shunt rifling, rifling for cannon, in which one side of the groove is made deeper than the other, to facilitate loading with shot having projections which enter by the deeper part of the grooves.

RIFT Rift, obs.

Defn: p. p. of Rive. Spenser.

RIFT Rift, n. [Written also reft.] Etym: [Dan. rift, fr. rieve to rend. See Rive.]

1. An opening made by riving or splitting; a cleft; a fissure. Spenser.

2. A shallow place in a stream; a ford.

RIFT Rift, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rifting.]

Defn: To cleave; to rive; to split; as, to rift an oak or a rock; to rift the clouds. Longfellow. To dwell these rifted rocks between. Wordsworth.

RIFT Rift, v. i.

1. To burst open; to split. Shak. Timber . . . not apt to rif with ordnance. Bacon.

2. To belch. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

RIFTER Rift"er, n.

Defn: A rafter. [Obs.] Holland.

RIG Rig, n. Etym: [See Ridge.]

Defn: A ridge. [Prov. or Scott.]

RIG Rig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rigged; p. pr. & vb. n. Rigging.] Etym: [Norweg. rigga to bind, particularly, to wrap round, rig; cf. AS. wrihan to cover.]

1. To furnish with apparatus or gear; to fit with tackling.

2. To dress; to equip; to clothe, especially in an odd or fanciful manner; — commonly followed by out. Jack was rigged out in his gold and silver lace. L'Estrange. To rig a purchase, to adapt apparatus so as to get a purchase for moving a weight, as with a lever, tackle, capstan, etc. — To rig a ship (Naut.), to fit the shrouds, stays, braces, etc., to their respective masts and yards.

RIG Rig, n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: The peculiar fitting in shape, number, and arrangement of sails and masts, by which different types of vessels are distinguished; as, schooner rig, ship rig, etc. See Illustration in Appendix.

2. Dress; esp., odd or fanciful clothing. [Colloq.]

RIG Rig, n Etym: [Cf. Wriggle.]

1. A romp; a wanton; one given to unbecoming conduct. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. A sportive or unbecoming trick; a frolic.

3. A blast of wind. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. That uncertain season before the rigs of Michaelmas were yet well composed. Burke. To run a rig, to play a trick; to engage in a frolic; to do something strange and unbecoming. He little dreamt when he set out Of running such a rig. Cowper.

RIG Rig, v. i.

Defn: To play the wanton; to act in an unbecoming manner; to play tricks. "Rigging and rifling all ways." Chapman.

RIG Rig, v. t.

Defn: To make free with; hence, to steal; to pilfer. [Obs. or Prov.] Tusser. To rig the market (Stock Exchange), to raise or lower market prices, as by some fraud or trick. [Cant]

RIGADOON Rig`a*doon", n. Etym: [F. rigadon, rigaudon.]

Defn: A gay, lively dance for one couple, — said to have been borrowed from Provence in France. W. Irving. Whose dancing dogs in rigadoons excel. Wolcott.

RIGA FIR Ri"ga fir` Etym: [So called from Riga, a city in Russia.] (Bot.)

Defn: A species of pine (Pinus sylvestris), and its wood, which affords a valuable timber; — called also Scotch pine, and red or yellow deal. It grows in all parts of Europe, in the Caucasus, and in Siberia.

RIGARION Ri*ga"rion, n. Etym: [L. rigatio, fr. rigare to water.]

Defn: See Irrigation. [Obs.]

RIGEL Ri"gel, n. Etym: [Ar. rijl, properly, foot.] (Astron.)

Defn: A fixed star of the first magnitude in the left foot of the constellation Orion. [Written also Regel.]

RIGESCENT Ri*ges"cent, a. Etym: [L. rigescens, p. pr. fr. rigescere to grow stiff.]

Defn: Growing stiff or numb.

RIGGER Rig"ger, n.

1. One who rigs or dresses; one whose occupation is to fit the rigging of a ship.

2. A cylindrical pulley or drum in machinery. [R.]

RIGGING Rig"ging, n.

Defn: DRess; tackle; especially (Naut.), the ropes, chains, etc., that support the masts and spars of a vessel, and serve as purchases for adjusting the sails, etc. See Illustr. of Ship and Sails. Running rigging (Naut.), all those ropes used in bracing the yards, making and shortening sail, etc., such as braces, sheets, halyards, clew lines, and the like. — Standing rigging (Naut.), the shrouds and stays.

RIGGISH Rig"gish, a.

Defn: Like a rig or wanton. [Obs.] "Riggish and unmaidenly." Bp. Hall.

RIGGLE Rig"gle, v. i.

Defn: See Wriggle.

RIGGLE Rig"gle, n.

Defn: The European lance fish. [Prov. Eng.]

RIGHT Right, a. Etym: [OE. right, riht, AS. riht; akin to D. regt, OS. & OHG. reht, G. recht, Dan. ret, Sw. rätt, Icel. rëttr, Goth. raíhts, L. rectus, p. p. of regere to guide, rule; cf. Skr. straight, right. sq. root115. Cf. Adroit,Alert, Correct, Dress, Regular, Rector, Recto, Rectum, Regent, Region, Realm, Rich, Riyal, Rule.]

1. Straight; direct; not crooked; as, a right line. "Right as any line." Chaucer

2. Upright; erect from a base; having an upright axis; not oblique; as, right ascension; a right pyramid or cone.

3. Conformed to the constitution of man and the will of God, or to justice and equity; not deviating from the true and just; according with truth and duty; just; true. That which is conformable to the Supreme Rule is absolutely right, and is called right simply without relation to a special end. Whately.

2. Fit; suitable; proper; correct; becoming; as, the right man in the right place; the right way from London to Oxford.

5. Characterized by reality or genuineness; real; actual; not spurious. "His right wife." Chaucer. In this battle, . . . the Britons never more plainly manifested themselves to be right barbarians. Milton.

6. According with truth; passing a true judgment; conforming to fact or intent; not mistaken or wrong; not erroneous; correct; as, this is the right faith. You are right, Justice, and you weigh this well. Shak. If there be no prospect beyond the grave, the inference is . . . right, "Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die." Locke.

7. Most favorable or convenient; fortunate. The lady has been disappointed on the right side. Spectator.

8. Of or pertaining to that side of the body in man on which the muscular action is usually stronger than on the other side; — opposed to left when used in reference to a part of the body; as, the right side, hand, arm. Also applied to the corresponding side of the lower animals. Became the sovereign's favorite, his right hand. Longfellow.

Note: In designating the banks of a river, right and left are used always with reference to the position of one who is facing in the direction of the current's flow.

9. Well placed, disposed, or adjusted; orderly; well regulated; correctly done.

10. Designed to be placed or worn outward; as, the right side of a piece of cloth. At right angles, so as to form a right angle or right angles, as when one line crosses another perpendicularly. — Right and left, in both or all directions. [Colloq.] — Right and left coupling (Pipe fitting), a coupling the opposite ends of which are tapped for a right-handed screw and a left-handed screw, respectivelly. — Right angle. (a) The angle formed by one line meeting another perpendicularly, as the angles ABD, DBC. (b) (Spherics) A spherical angle included between the axes of two great circles whose planes are perpendicular to each other. — Right ascension. See under Ascension. — Right Center (Politics), those members belonging to the Center in a legislative assembly who have sympathies with the Right on political questions. See Center, n., 5. — Right cone, Right cylinder, Right prism, Right pyramid (Geom.), a cone, cylinder, prism, or pyramid, the axis of which is perpendicular to the base. — Right line. See under Line. — Right sailing (Naut.), sailing on one of the four cardinal points, so as to alter a ship's latitude or its longitude, but not both. Ham. Nav. Encyc. — Right sphere (Astron. & Geol.), a sphere in such a position that the equator cuts the horizon at right angles; in spherical projections, that position of the sphere in which the primitive plane coincides with the plane of the equator.

Note: Right is used elliptically for it is right, what you say is right, true. "Right," cries his lordship. Pope.

Syn. — Straight; direct; perpendicular; upright; lawful; rightful; true; correct; just; equitable; proper; suitable; becoming.

RIGHT Right, adv.

1. In a right manner.

2. In a right or straight line; directly; hence; straightway; immediately; next; as, he stood right before me; it went right to the mark; he came right out; he followed right after the guide. Unto Dian's temple goeth she right. Chaucer. Let thine eyes look right on. Prov. iv. 25. Right across its track there lay, Down in the water, a long reef of gold. Tennyson.

3. Exactly; just. [Obs. or Colloq.] Came he right now to sing a raven's note Shak.

4. According to the law or will of God; conforming to the standard of truth and justice; righteously; as, to live right; to judge right.

5. According to any rule of art; correctly. You with strict discipline instructed right. Roscommon.

6. According to fact or truth; actually; truly; really; correctly; exactly; as, to tell a story right. "Right at mine own cost." Chaucer. Right as it were a steed of Lumbardye. Chaucer. His wounds so smarted that he slept right naught. Fairfax.

7. In a great degree; very; wholly; unqualifiedly; extremely; highly; as, right humble; right noble; right valiant. "He was not right fat". Chaucer. For which I should be right sorry. Tyndale. [I] return those duties back as are right fit. Shak.

Note: In this sense now chiefly prefixed to titles; as, right honorable; right reverend. Right honorable, a title given in England to peers and peeresses, to the eldest sons and all daughters of such peers as have rank above viscounts, and to all privy councilors; also, to certain civic officers, as the lord mayor of London, of York, and of Dublin.

Note: Right is used in composition with other adverbs, as upright, downright, forthright, etc. Right along, without cessation; continuously; as, to work right along for several hours. [Colloq. U.S.] — Right away, or Right off, at once; straightway; without delay. [Colloq. U.S.] "We will . . . shut ourselves up in the office and do the work right off." D. Webster.

RIGHT Right, n. Etym: [AS. right. See Right, a.]

1. That which is right or correct. Specifically: (a) The straight course; adherence to duty; obedience to lawful authority, divine or human; freedom from guilt, — the opposite of moral wrong. (b) A true statement; freedom from error of falsehood; adherence to truth or fact. Seldom your opinions err; Your eyes are always in the right. Prior.

(c) A just judgment or action; that which is true or proper; justice; uprightness; integrity. Long love to her has borne the faithful knight, And well deserved, had fortune done him right. Dryden.

2. That to which one has a just claim. Specifically: (a) That which one has a natural claim to exact. There are no rights whatever, without corresponding duties. Coleridge.

(b) That which one has a legal or social claim to do or to exact; legal power; authority; as, a sheriff has a right to arrest a criminal. (c) That which justly belongs to one; that which one has a claim to possess or own; the interest or share which anyone has in a piece of property; title; claim; interest; ownership. Born free, he sought his right. Dryden. Hast thou not right to all created things Milton. Men have no right to what is not reasonable. Burke.

(d) Privilege or immunity granted by authority.

3. The right side; the side opposite to the left. Led her to the Souldan's right. Spenser.

4. In some legislative bodies of Europe (as in France), those members collectively who are conservatives or monarchists. See Center, 5.

5. The outward or most finished surface, as of a piece of cloth, a carpet, etc. At all right, at all points; in all respects. [Obs.] Chaucer. — Bill of rights, a list of rights; a paper containing a declaration of rights, or the declaration itself. See under Bill. — By right, By rights, or By good rights, rightly; properly; correctly. He should himself use it by right. Chaucer. I should have been a woman by right. Shak. — Divine right, or Divine right of kings, a name given to the patriarchal theory of government, especially to the doctrine that no misconduct and no dispossession can forfeit the right of a monarch or his heirs to the throne, and to the obedience of the people. — To rights. (a) In a direct line; straight. [R.] Woodward. (b) At once; directly. [Obs. or Colloq.] Swift. — To set to rights, To put to rights, to put in good order; to adjust; to regulate, as what is out of order. — Writ of right (Law), a writ which lay to recover lands in fee simple, unjustly withheld from the true owner. Blackstone.

RIGHT Right, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Righted; p. pr. & vb. n. Righting.] Etym: [AS. rihtan. See Right, a.]

1. To bring or restore to the proper or natural position; to set upright; to make right or straight (that which has been wrong or crooked); to correct.

2. To do justice to; to relieve from wrong; to restore rights to; to assert or regain the rights of; as, to right the oppressed; to right one's self; also, to vindicate. So just is God, to right the innocent. Shak. All experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. Jefferson. To right a vessel (Naut.), to restore her to an upright position after careening. — To right the helm (Naut.), to place it in line with the keel.

RIGHT Right, v. i.

1. To recover the proper or natural condition or position; to become upright.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: Hence, to regain an upright position, as a ship or boat, after careening.

RIGHT-ABOUT Right"-a*bout`, n. Etym: [Right, adv. + about, adv.]

Defn: A turning directly about by the right, so as to face in the opposite direction; also, the quarter directly opposite; as, to turn to the right-about. To send to the right-about, to cause to turn toward the opposite point or quarter; — hence, of troops, to cause to turn and retreat. [Colloq.] Sir W. Scott.

RIGHT-ANGLED Right"-an`gled, a.

Defn: Containing a right angle or right angles; as, a right-angled triangle.

RIGHTEN Right"en, v. t.

Defn: To do justice to. [Obs.] Relieve [marginal reading, righten] the opressed. Isa. i. 17.

RIGHTEOUS Right"eous, a. Etym: [OE. rightways, rightwise, AS.rightwis; riht right + wis wise, having wisdom, prudent. See Right, a., Wise, a.]

Defn: Doing, or according with, that which is right; yielding to all their due; just; equitable; especially, free from wrong, guilt, or sin; holy; as, a righteous man or act; a righteous retribution. Fearless in his righteous cause. Milton.

Syn. — Upright; just; godly; holy; uncorrupt; virtuous; honest; equitable; rightful.

RIGHTEOUSED Right"eoused, a.

Defn: Made righteous. [Obs.]

RIGHTEOUSLY Right"eous*ly, adv. Etym: [AS. rightwislice.]

Defn: In a righteous manner; as, to judge righteously.

RIGHTEOUSNESS Right"eous*ness, n. Etym: [AS. rihtwisnes.]

1. The quality or state of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness; rectitude.

Note: Righteousness, as used in Scripture and theology, in which it chiefly occurs, is nearly equivalent to holiness, comprehending holy principles and affections of heart, and conformity of life to the divine law.

2. A righteous act, or righteous quality. All our righteousnesses are as filthy rags. Isa. lxiv. 6.

3. The act or conduct of one who is righteous. Blessed are they that keep judgment, and he that doeth right at all times. Ps. cvi. 3.

4. (Theol.)

Defn: The state of being right with God; justification; the work of Christ, which is the ground justification. There are two kinds of Christian righteousness: the one without us, which we have by imputation; the other in us, which consisteth of faith, hope, and charity, and other Christian virtues. Hooker. Only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone. Westminster Catechism.

Syn. — Uprightness; holiness; godliness; equity; justice; rightfulness; integryty; honesty; faithfulness.

RIGHTER Right"er, n.

Defn: One who sets right; one who does justice or redresses wrong. Shelton.

RIGHTFUL Right"ful, a.

1. Righteous; upright; just; good; — said of persons. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Consonant to justice; just; as, a rightful cause.

3. Having the right or just claim according to established laws; being or holding by right; as, the rightful heir to a throne or an estate; a rightful king.

4. Belonging, held, or possessed by right, or by just claim; as, a rightful inheritance; rightful authority.

Syn. — Just; lawful; true; honest; equitable; proper.

RIGHTFULLY Right"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: According to right or justice.

RIGHTFULNESS Right"ful*ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being rightful; accordance with right and justice.

2. Moral rectitude; righteousness. [Obs.] Wyclif. We fail of perfect rightfulness. Sir P. Sidney.

RIGHT-HAND Right"-hand`, a.

1. Situated or being on the right; nearer the right hand than the left; as, the right-hand side, room, or road.

2. Chiefly relied on; almost indispensable. Mr. Alexander Truncheon, who is their right-hand man in the troop. Addison. Right-hand rope, a rope which is laid up and twisted with the sun, that is, in the same direction as plain-laid rope. See Illust. of Cordage.

RIGHT-HANDED Right"-*hand`ed, a.

1. Using the right hand habitually, or more easily than the left.

2. Having the same direction or course as the movement of the hands of a watch seen in front; — said of the motion of a revolving object looked at from a given direction.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the whorls rising from left to right; dextral; — said of spiral shells. See Illust. of Scalaria. Right-handed screw, a screw, the threads of which, like those of a common wood screw, wind spirally in such a direction that screw advances away from the observer when turned with a right-handed movement in a fixed nut.

RIGHT-HANDEDNESS Right"-hand`ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being right-handed; hence, skill; dexterity.

RIGHT-HEARTED Right"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Having a right heart or disposition. — Right"-heart`ed*ness, n.

RIGHTLESS Right"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of right. Sylvester.

RIGHT-LINED Right"-lined`, a.

Defn: Formed by right lines; rectilineal; as, a right-lined angle.

RIGHTLY Right"ly, adv. Etym: [AS. richtlice.]

1. Straightly; directly; in front. [Obs.] Shak.

2. According to justice; according to the divine will or moral rectitude; uprightly; as, duty rightly performed.

3. Properly; fitly; suitably; appropriately. Eve rightly called, Mother of all mankind. Milton.

4. According to truth or fact; correctly; not erroneously; exactly. "I can not rightly say." Shak. Thou didst not rightly see. Dryden.

RIGHT-MINDED Right"-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Having a right or honest mind. — Right"-mind`ed*ness, n.

RIGHTNESS Right"ness, n. Etym: [AS. richtnes.] .

Defn: Straightness; as, the rightness of a line. Bacon.

2. The quality or state of being right; right relation. The craving for rightness with God. J. C. Shairp.

RIGHT-RUNNING Right"-run`ning, a.

Defn: Straight; direct.

RIGHTWARD Right"ward, adv.

Defn: Toward the right. Rightward and leftward rise the rocks. Southey.

RIGHT WHALE Right" whale`. (Zoöl.) (a) The bowhead, Arctic, or Greenland whale (Balæna mysticetus), from whose mouth the best whalebone is obtained. (b) Any other whale that produces valuable whalebone, as the Atlantic, or Biscay, right whale (Balæna cisarctica), and the Pacific right whale (B. Sieboldii); a bone whale. Pygmy right whale (Zoöl.), a small New Zealand whale (Neobalæna marginata) which is only about sixteen feet long. It produces short, but very elastic and tough, whalebone.

RIGHTWISE Right"wise`, a.

Defn: Righteous. [Obs.] Wyclif.

RIGHTWISE Right"wise`, v. t.

Defn: To make righteous. [Obs.]

RIGHTWISELY Right"wise`ly, adv.

Defn: Righteously. [Obs.]

RIGHTWISENESS Right"wise`ness, n.

Defn: Righteousness. [Obs.] In doom and eke in rightwisnesse. Chaucer.

RIGID Rig"id, a. Etym: [L. rigidus, fr. rigere to be stiff or numb: cf. F. rigide. Cf. Rigor. ]

1. Firm; stiff; unyielding; not pliant; not flexible. Upright beams innumerable Of rigid spears. Milton.

2. Hence, not lax or indulgent; severe; inflexible; strict; as, a rigid father or master; rigid discipline; rigid criticism; a rigid sentence. The more rigid order of principles in religion and government. Hawthorne.

Syn. — Stiff; unpliant; inflexible; unyielding; strict; exact; severe; austere; stern; rigorous; unmitigated.

RIGIDITY Ri*gid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. rigiditas: cf. F. rigidité. See Rigid.]

1. The quality or state of being rigid; want of pliability; the quality of resisting change of from; the amount of resistance with which a body opposes change of form; — opposed to flexibility, ductility, malleability, and softness.

2. Stiffness of appearance or manner; want of ease or elegance. Sir H. Wotton.

3. Severity; rigor. [Obs. orR.] Bp. Burnet.

Syn. — Stiffness; rigidness; inflexibility.

RIGIDLY Rig"id*ly, v.

Defn: In a rigid manner; stiffly.

RIGIDNESS Rig"id*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being rigid.

RIGIDULOUS Ri*gid"u*lous, a. Etym: [Dim. from rigid.] (Bot.)

Defn: Somewhat rigid or stiff; as, a rigidulous bristle.

RIGLET Rig"let, n. (Print.)

Defn: See Reglet.

RIGMAROLE Rig"ma*role, n. Etym: [For ragman roll. See Ragman's roll.]

Defn: A succession of confused or nonsencial statements; foolish talk; nonsense. [Colloq.] Often one's dear friend talks something which one scruples to call rigmarole. De Quincey.

RIGMAROLE Rig"ma*role, a.

Defn: Consisting of rigmarole; frovolous; nonsensical; foolish.

RIGOL Rig"ol, n. Etym: [OE. also ringol. Cf. Ring.]

Defn: A circle; hence, a diadem. [Obs.] Shak.

RIGOLETTE Rig`o*lette", n. [Prob. fr. Rigolette, name of a girl in Eugene Sue's novel "Mystères de Paris."]

Defn: A woman's light scarflike head covering, usually knit or crocheted of wool.

RIGOLL Rig"oll, n. Etym: [Corruupted fr. regal.]

Defn: A musical instrument formerly in use, consisting of several sticks bound together, but separated by beads, and played with a stick with a ball at its end. Moore (Encyc. of Music. ).

RIGOR Ri"gor, n. Etym: [L. See Rigor., below.]

1. Rigidity; stiffness.

2. (ed.)

Defn: A sense of chilliness, with contraction of the skin; a convulsive shuddering or tremor, as in the chill preceeding a fever. Rigor caloris ( Etym: [L., rigor of heat] (Physiol.), a form of rigor mortis induced by heat, as when the muscle of a mammal is heated to about 50ºC. — Rigor mortis ( Etym: [L. , rigor of death] , death stiffening; the rigidity of the muscles that occurs at death and lasts till decomposition sets in. It is due to the formation of myosin by the coagulation of the contents of the individual muscle fibers.

RIGOR Rig"or, n. Etym: [OE. rigour, OF. rigour, F. rigueur, from L. rigor, fr. rigere to be stiff. See Rigid.] [Written also rigour.]

1. The becoming stiff or rigid; the state of being rigid; rigidity; stiffness; hardness. The rest his look Bound with Gorgonian rigor not to move. Milton.

2. (Med.)

Defn: See 1st Rigor, 2.

3. Severity of climate or season; inclemency; as, the rigor of the storm; the rigors of winter.

4. Stiffness of opinion or temper; rugged sternness; hardness; relentless severity; hard-heartedness; cruelty. All his rigor is turned to grief and pity. Denham. If I shall be condemn'd Upon surmises, . . . I tell you 'T is rigor and not law. Shak.

5. Exactness without allowance, deviation, or indulgence; strictness; as, the rigor of criticism; to execute a law with rigor; to enforce moral duties with rigor; — opposed to Ant: lenity.

6. Severity of life; austerity; voluntary submission to pain, abstinence, or mortification. The prince lived in this convent with all the rigor and austerity of a capuchin. Addison.

7. Violence; force; fury. [Obs.] Whose raging rigor neither steel nor brass could stay. Spenser.

Syn. — Stiffness; rigidness; inflexibility; severity; austerity; sternness; harshness; strictness; exactness.

RIGORISM Rig"or*ism, n.

1. Rigidity in principle or practice; strictness; — opposed to laxity.

2. Severity, as of style, or the like. Jefferson.

RIGORIST Rig"or*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. rigoriste.]

Defn: One who is rigorous; — sometimes applied to an extreme Jansenist.

RIGOROUS Rig"or*ous, a. Etym: [F. rigoureux, LL. rigorosus. See Rigor.]

1. Manifesting, exercising, or favoring rigor; allowing no abatement or mitigation; scrupulously accurate; exact; strict; severe; relentless; as, a rigorous officer of justice; a rigorous execution of law; a rigorous definition or demonstration. He shall be thrown down the Tarpeian Rock With rigorous hands. Shak. We do not connect the scattered phenomena into their rigorous unity. De Quincey.

2. Severe; intense; inclement; as, a rigorous winter.

3. Violent. [Obs.] "Rigorous uproar." Spenser.

Syn. — Rigid; inflexible; unyielding; stiff; severe; austere; stern; harsh; strict; exact. — Rig"or*ous*ly, adv. — Rig"or*ous*ness, n.

RIGSDAG Rigs"dag, n. [Dan. Cf. Reichstag.]

Defn: See Legislature, Denmark.

RIGSDALER Rigs"da`ler, n. Etym: [Dan. See Rix-dollar.]

Defn: A Danish coin worth about fifty-four cents. It was former unit of value in Denmark.

RIG-VEDA Rig`-Ve"da.

Defn: See Veda.

RIKSDALER Riks"da`ler, n. Etym: [Sw. See Rix-dollar.]

Defn: A Swedish coin worth about twenty-seven cents. It was formerly the unit of value in Sweden.

RILE Rile, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riled; p. pr. & vb. n. Riling.] Etym: [See Roil.]

1. To render turbid or muddy; to stir up; to roil.

2. To stir up in feelings; to make angry; to vex.

Note: In both senses provincial in England and colloquial in the United States.

RILIEVO Ri*lie"vo, n.Etym: [It. See Relief.] (Sculp. & Arch.)

Defn: Same as Relief, n.,5.

RILL Rill, n. Etym: [Cf. LG. rille a small channel or brook, a furrow, a chamfer, OE. rigol a small brook, F. rigole a trench or furrow for water, W. rhill a row, rhigol a little ditch. sq. root11.]

1. A very small brook; a streamlet.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: See Rille.

RILL Rill, v. i.

Defn: To run a small stream. [R.] Prior.

RILLE Rille, n. Etym: [G. rille a furrow.] (Astron.)

Defn: One of certain narrow, crooked valleys seen, by aid of the telescope, on the surface of the moon.

RILLET Rill"et, n.

Defn: A little rill. Burton.

RILY Ri"ly, a.

Defn: Roily. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.]

RIM Rim, n. Etym: [As. rima, reoma, edge; cf. W. rhim, rhimp, a rim, edge, boundary, termination, Armor, rim. Cf. Rind.]

1. The border, edge, or margin of a thing, usually of something circular or curving; as, the rim of a kettle or basin.

2. The lower part of the abdomen. [Obs.] Shak. Arch rim (Phonetics), the line between the gums and the palate. — Rim-fire cartridge. (Mil.) See under Cartridge. — Rim lock. See under Lock.

RIM Rim, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rimmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Rimming.]

Defn: To furnish with a rim; to border.

RIMA Ri"ma, n.; pl. Rimæ. Etym: [L.] (Anat.)

Defn: A narrow and elongated aperture; a cleft; a fissure.

RIMAU DAHAN Ri"mau da"han. Etym: [From the native Oriental name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The clouded tiger cat (Felis marmorata) of Southern Asia and the East Indies.

RIMBASE Rim"base`, n. (Mil.)

Defn: A short cylinder connecting a trunnion with the body of a cannon. See Illust. of Cannon.

RIME Rime, n. Etym: [L. rima.]

Defn: A rent or long aperture; a chink; a fissure; a crack. Sir T. Browne.

RIME Rime, n. Etym: [AS. hrim; akin to D. rijm, Icel. hrim, Dan. rim, Sw. rim; cf. D. rijp, G. reif, OHG. rifo, hrifo.]

Defn: White frost; hoarfrost; congealed dew or vapor. The trees were now covered with rime. De Quincey.

RIME Rime, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rimed; p. pr. & vb. n. Riming.]

Defn: To freeze or congeal into hoarfrost.

RIME Rime, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A step or round of a ladder; a rung.

RIME Rime, n.

Defn: Rhyme. See Rhyme. Coleridge. Landor.

Note: This spelling, which is etymologically preferable, is coming into use again.

RIME Rime, v. i. & t.

Defn: To rhyme. See Rhyme.

RIMER Rim"er, n.

Defn: A rhymer; a versifier.

RIMER Rim"er, n.

Defn: A tool for shaping the rimes of a ladder.

RIMEY Rim"ey, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. rimoier. See Ryime.]

Defn: To compose in rhyme; to versify. [Obs.] [Lays] rimeyed in their first Breton tongue. Chaucer.

RIM-FIRE Rim"-fire`, a.

Defn: Having the percussion fulminate in a rim surrounding the base, distinguished from center-fire; — said of cartridges; also, using rim-fire cartridges; as, a rim-fire gun. Such cartridges are now little used.

RIMMER Rim"mer, n.

Defn: An implement for cutting, trimming, or ornamenting the rim of anything, as the edges of pies, etc.; also, a reamer. Knight.

RIMOSE Ri*mose", a. Etym: [L. rimosus, fr. rima a chink: cf. F. rimeux.]

1. Full of rimes, fissures, or chinks.

2. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Having long and nearly parallel clefts or chinks, like those in the bark of trees.

RIMOSELY Ri*mose"ly, adv.

Defn: In a rimose manner.

RIMOSITY Ri*mos"i*ty, n.

Defn: State of being rimose.

RIMOUS Rim"ous, a.

Defn: Rimose.

RIMPLE Rim"ple, n. Etym: [AS. hrimpele, or rimpel. See Rumple.]

Defn: A fold or wrinkle. See Rumple.

RIMPLE Rim"ple, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Rimpled; p. pr. & vb. n. Rimpling.]

Defn: To rumple; to wrinkle.

RIMY Rim"y, a.

Defn: Abounding with rime; frosty.

RINCON Rin*con", n.; pl. Rincones (#). [Sp. rincón.]

Defn: An interior corner; a nook; hence, an angular recess or hollow bend in a mountain, river, cliff, or the like. [Western & Southern U. S.] D. S. Jordan.

RIND Rind, n. Etym: [AS. rind bark, crust of bread; akin rinta, G. rinde, and probably to E. rand, rim; cf. Skr. ram to end, rest.]

Defn: The external covering or coat, as of flesh, fruit, trees, etc.; skin; hide; bark; peel; shell. Thou canst not touch the freedom of my mind With all thy charms, although this corporal rind Thou hast immanacled. Milton. Sweetest nurind. Shak.

RIND Rind, v. t.

Defn: To remove the rind of; to bark. [R.]

RINDERPEST Rin"der*pest, n. Etym: [G., fr. rind, pl. rinder, cattle + pest pest, plague.]

Defn: A highly contagious distemper or murrain, affecting neat cattle, and less commonly sheep and goats; — called also cattle plague, Russian cattle plague, and steppe murrain.

RINDLE Rin"dle, n. Etym: [AS. rynele. sq. root11. See Run.]

Defn: A small water course or gutter. Ash.

RINDLESS Rind"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of a rind.

RINDY Rind"y, a.

Defn: Having a rind or skin. Ash.

RINE Rine, n.

Defn: See Rind. [Obs.] Spenser.

RINED Rined, a.

Defn: Having a rind [Obs.] Milton.

RINFORZANDO Rin`for*zan"do, a. Etym: [It., fr. rinfor to reënforce, strengthen.] (Mus.)

Defn: Increasing; strengthening; — a direction indicating a sudden increase of force (abbreviated rf., rfz.) Cf. Forzando, and Sforzando.

RING Ring, v. t. [imp. Rang or Rung (; p. p. Rung; p. pr. & vb. n. Ringing.] Etym: [AS. hringan; akin to Icel. hringja, Sw. ringa, Dan. ringe, OD. ringhen, ringkelen. sq. root19.]

1. To cause to sound, especially by striking, as a metallic body; as, to ring a bell.

2. To make (a sound), as by ringing a bell; to sound. The shard-borne beetle, with his drowsy hums, Hath rung night's yawning peal. Shak.

3. To repeat often, loudly, or earnestly. To ring a peal, to ring a set of changes on a chime of bells. — To ring the changes upon. See under Change. — To ring in or out, to usher, attend on, or celebrate, by the ringing of bells; as, to ring out the old year and ring in the new. Tennyson. — To ring the bells backward, to sound the chimes, reversing the common order; — formerly done as a signal of alarm or danger. Sir W. Scott.

RING Ring, v. i.

1. To sound, as a bell or other sonorous body, particularly a metallic one. Now ringen trompes loud and clarion. Chaucer. Why ring not out the bells Shak.

2. To practice making music with bells. Holder.

3. To sound loud; to resound; to be filled with a With sweeter notes each rising temple rung. Pope. The hall with harp and carol rang. Tennyson. My ears still ring with noise. Dryden.

4. To continue to sound or vibrate; to resound. The assertion is still ringing in our ears. Burke.

5. To be filled with report or talk; as, the whole town rings with his fame.

RING Ring, n.

1. A sound; especially, the sound of vibrating metals; as, the ring of a bell.

2. Any loud sound; the sound of numerous voices; a sound continued, repeated, or reverberated. The ring of acclamations fresh in his ears. Bacon

3. A chime, or set of bells harmonically tuned. As great and tunable a ring of bells as any in the world. Fuller.

RING Ring, n. Etym: [AS. hring, hrinc; akin to Fries. hring, D. & G. ring, OHG. ring, hring, Icel. hringr, DAn. & SW. ring; cf. Russ. krug'. Cf. Harangue, Rank a row,Rink.]

Defn: A circle, or a circular line, or anything in the form of a circular line or hoop.

2. Specifically, a circular ornament of gold or other precious material worn on the finger, or attached to the ear, the nose, or some other part of the person; as, a wedding ring. Upon his thumb he had of gold a ring. Chaucer. The dearest ring in Venice will I give you. Shak.

3. A circular area in which races are or run or other sports are performed; an arena. Place me. O, place me in the dusty ring, Where youthful charioteers contened for glory. E. Smith.

4. An inclosed space in which pugilists fight; hence, figuratively, prize fighting. "The road was an institution, the ring was an institution." Thackeray.

5. A circular group of persons. And hears the Muses in a Aye round about Jove's alter sing. Milton.

6. (Geom.) (a) The plane figure included between the circumferences of two concentric circles. (b) The solid generated by the revolution of a circle, or other figure, about an exterior straight line (as an axis) lying in the same plane as the circle or other figure.

7. (Astron. & Navigation)

Defn: An instrument, formerly used for taking the sun's altitude, consisting of a brass ring suspended by a swivel, with a hole at one side through which a solar ray entering indicated the altitude on the graduated inner surface opposite.

8. (Bot.)

Defn: An elastic band partly or wholly encircling the spore cases of ferns. See Illust. of Sporangium.

9. A clique; an exclusive combination of persons for a selfish purpose, as to control the market, distribute offices, obtain contracts, etc. The ruling ring at Constantinople. E. A. Freeman. Ring armor, armor composed of rings of metal. See Ring mail, below, and Chain mail, under Chain. — Ring blackbird (Zoöl.), the ring ousel. — Ring canal (Zoöl.), the circular water tube which surrounds the esophagus of echinoderms. — Ring dotterel, or Ringed dotterel. (Zoöl.) See Dotterel, and Illust. of Pressiroster. — Ring dropper, a sharper who pretends to have found a ring (dropped by himself), and tries to induce another to buy it as valuable, it being worthless. — Ring fence. See under Fence. — Ring finger, the third finger of the left hand, or the next the little finger, on which the ring is placed in marriage. — Ring formula (Chem.), a graphic formula in the shape of a closed ring, as in the case of benzene, pyridine, etc. See Illust. under Benzene. — Ring mail, a kind of mail made of small steel rings sewed upon a garment of leather or of cloth. — Ring micrometer. (Astron.) See Circular micrometer, under Micrometer. — Saturn's rings. See Saturn. — Ring ousel. (Zoöl.) See Ousel. — Ring parrot (Zoöl.), any one of several species of Old World parrakeets having a red ring around the neck, especially Palæornis torquatus, common in India, and P. Alexandri of Java. — Ring plover. (Zoöl.) (a) The ringed dotterel. (b) Any one of several small American plovers having a dark ring around the neck, as the semipalmated plover (Ægialitis semipalmata). — Ring snake (Zoöl.), a small harmless American snake (Diadophis punctatus) having a white ring around the neck. The back is ash- colored, or sage green, the belly of an orange red. — Ring stopper. (Naut.) See under Stopper. — Ring thrush (Zoöl.), the ring ousel. — The prize ring, the ring in which prize fighters contend; prize fighters, collectively. — The ring. (a) The body of sporting men who bet on horse races. [Eng.] (b) The prize ring.

RING Ring, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ringed; p. pr. & vb. n. Ringing.]

1. To surround with a ring, or as with a ring; to encircle. "Ring these fingers." Shak.

2. (Hort.)

Defn: To make a ring around by cutting away the bark; to girdle; as, to ring branches or roots.

3. To fit with a ring or with rings, as the fingers, or a swine's snout.

RING Ring, v. i. (Falconry)

Defn: To rise in the air spirally.

RING ARMATURE Ring armature. (Elec.)

Defn: An armature for a dynamo or motor having the conductors wound on a ring.

RINGBILL Ring"bill`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ring-necked scaup duck; — called also ring-billed blackhead. See Scaup.

RINGBIRD Ring"bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The reed bunting. It has a collar of white feathers. Called also ring bunting.

RINGBOLT Ring"bolt`, n.

Defn: An eyebolt having a ring through the eye.

RINGBONE Ring"bone`, n. (Far.)

Defn: A morbid growth or deposit of bony matter between or on the small pastern and the great pastern bones. J. H. Walsh.

RINGDOVE Ring"dove`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European wild pigeon (Columba palumbus) having a white crescent on each side of the neck, whence the name. Called also wood pigeon, and cushat.

RINGED Ringed, a.

1. Encircled or marked with, or as with, a ring or rings.

2. Wearning a wedding ring; hence, lawfully wedded. "A ringed wife." Tennyson. Ringed seal (Zoöl.), a North Pacific seal (Phoca foetida) having ringlike spots on the body. — Ringed snake (Zoöl.), a harmless European snake (Tropidonotus natrix) common in England. — Ringed worm (Zoöl.), an annelid.

RINGENT Rin"gent, a. Etym: [L. ringens, -entis, p. pr. of ringi to open wide the mouth: cf. F. ringent.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the lips widely separated and gaping like an open mouth; as a ringent bilabiate corolla.

RINGER Ring"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, rings; especially, one who rings chimes on bells.

2. (Mining)

Defn: A crowbar. Simmonds.

RINGER Ring"er, n. (Horse Racing)

Defn: A horse that is not entitled to take part in a race, but is fraudulently got into it.

RINGHEAD Ring"head`, n. (Cloth Manuf.)

Defn: An instrument used for stretching woolen cloth.

RINGING Ring"ing,

Defn: a & n. from Ring, v. Ringing engine, a simple form of pile driver in which the monkey is lifted by men pulling on ropes.

RINGINGLY Ring"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a ringing manner.

RINGLEADER Ring"lead`er, n.

1. The leader of a circle of dancers; hence, the leader of a number of persons acting together; the leader of a herd of animals. A primacy of order, such an one as the ringleader hath in a dance. Barrow.

2. Opprobriously, a leader of a body of men engaged in the violation of law or in an illegal enterprise, as rioters, mutineers, or the like. The ringleaders were apprehended, tried, fined, and imprisoned. Macaulay.

RINGLESTONE Ring"le*stone`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ringed dotterel, or ring plover. [Prov.Eng.]

RINGLET Ring"let, n. Etym: [Ring + -let.]

1. A small ring; a small circle; specifically, a fairy ring. You demi-puppets, that By moonshine do the green sour ringlets make, Whereof the ewe not bites. Shak.

2. A curl; especially, a curl of hair. [Her golden tresses] in wanton ringlets waved. Milton.

RINGMAN Ring"man, n.; pl. Ringmen (.

Defn: The ring finger. [Obs.] Ascham

RINGMASTER Ring"mas`ter, n.

Defn: One in charge of the performances (as of horses) within the ring in a circus.

RINGNECK Ring"neck`, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of small plovers of the genus Ægialitis, having a ring around the neck. The ring is black in summer, but becomes brown or gray in winter. The semipalmated plover (Æ. semipalmata) and the piping plover (Æ. meloda) are common North American species. Called also ring plover, and ring-necked plover.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ring-necked duck.

RING-NECKED Ring"-necked`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a well defined ring of color around the neck. Ring- necked duck (Zool.), an American scaup duck (Aythya collaris). The head, neck, and breast of the adult male are black, and a narrow, but conspicuous, red ring encircles the neck. This ring is absent in the female. Called also ring-neck, ring-necked blackhead, ringbill, tufted duck, and black jack.

RINGSAIL Ring"sail`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Ringtail,2.

RINGSTRAKED Ring"straked`, a.

Defn: Ring-streaked. Cattle ringstraked, speckled, and spotted. Gen. xxx. 39.

RING-STREAKED Ring"-streaked`, a.

Defn: Having circular streaks or lines on the body; as, ring-streaked goats.

RINGTAIL Ring"tail`, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird having a distinct band of color across the tail, as the hen harrier.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A light sail set abaft and beyong the leech of a boom-and-gaff sail; — called also ringsail. Ringtail boom (Naut.), a spar which is rigged on a boom for setting a ringtail.

RING-TAILED Ring"-tailed`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the tail crossed by conspicuous bands of color. Ring- tailed cat (Zoöl.), the cacomixle. — Ring-tailed eagle (Zoöl.), a young golden eagle.

RINGTOSS Ring"toss`, n.

Defn: A game in which the object is to toss a ring so that it will catch upon an upright stick.

RING WINDING Ring winding. (Elec.)

Defn: Armature winding in which the wire is wound round the outer and inner surfaces alternately of an annular or cylindrical core.

RINGWORM Ring"worm", n. (Med.)

Defn: A contagious affection of the skin due to the presence of a vegetable parasite, and forming ring-shaped discolored patches covered with vesicles or powdery scales. It occurs either on the body, the face, or the scalp. Different varieties are distinguished as Tinea circinata, Tinea tonsurans, etc., but all are caused by the same parasite (a species of Trichophyton).

RINK Rink, n. Etym: [Scot. renk, rink, rynk, a course, a race; probably fr. AS. hring a ring. See Ring.]

1. The smooth and level extent of ice marked off for the game of curling.

2. An artificial sheet of ice, generally under cover, used for skating; also, a floor prepared for skating on with roller skates, or a building with such a floor.

RINKER Rink"er, n.

Defn: One who skates at a rink. [Colloq.]

RINKING Rink"ing, n.

Defn: Skating in a rink. [Colloq.]

RINSE Rinse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Rinsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Rinsing.] Etym: [OE., fr. OF. rincer, rimser, reinser, raïncier, F. rincer; of uncertain origin.]

1. To wash lightly; to cleanse with a second or repeated application of water after washing.

2. To cleancse by the introduction of water; — applied especially to hollow vessels; as, to rinse a bottle. "Like a glass did break i' the rinsing." Shak.

RINSE Rinse, n.

Defn: The act of rinsing.

RINSER Rins"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, rinses.

RIOT Ri"ot, n. Etym: [OF. riote, of uncertain origin; cf. OD. revot, ravot.]

1. Wanton or unrestrained behavior; uproar; tumult. His headstrong riot hath no curb. Shak.

2. Excessive and exxpensive feasting; wild and loose festivity; revelry. Venus loveth riot and dispense. Chaucer. The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day. Pope.

3. (Law)

Defn: The tumultuous disturbance of the public peace by an unlawful assembly of three or more persons in the execution of some private object. To run riot, to act wantonly or without restraint.

RIOT Ri"ot, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rioted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rioting.] Etym: [OF. rioter; cf. OD. ravotten.]

1. To engage in riot; to act in an unrestrained or wanton manner; to indulge in excess of luxury, feasting, or the like; to revel; to run riot; to go to excess. Now he exact of all, wastes in delight, Riots in pleasure, and neglects the law. Daniel. No pulse that riots, and no blood that glows. Pope.

2. (Law)

Defn: To disturb the peace; to raise an uproar or sedition. See Riot, n., 3. Johnson.

RIOT Ri"ot, v. t.

Defn: To spend or pass in riot. [He] had rioted his life out. Tennyson.

RIOTER Ri"ot*er, n.

1. One who riots; a reveler; a roisterer. Chaucer.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who engages in a riot. See Riot, n., 3.

RIOTISE Ri"ot*ise, n.

Defn: Excess; tumult; revelry. [Obs.] His life he led in lawless riotise. Spenser.

RIOTOUR Ri"ot*our (-oor), n.

Defn: A rioter. [Obs.] Chaucer.

RIOTOUS Ri"ot*ous, a. Etym: [OF. rioteux.]

1. Involving, or engaging in, riot; wanton; unrestrained; luxurious. The younger son . . . took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living. Luke xv. 13.

2. Partaking of the nature of an unlawful assembly or its acts; seditious. — Ri"ot*ous*ly, adv. — Ri"ot*ous*ness, n.

RIOTRY Ri"ot*ry, n.

Defn: The act or practice of rioting; riot. "Electioneering riotry." Walpole.

RIP Rip, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. hrip a box or basket; perhaps akin to E. corb. Cf. Ripier.]

Defn: A wicker fish basket.

RIP Rip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ripped; p. pr. & vb. n. Ripping.] Etym: [Cf. AS. rypan, also Sw. repa to ripple flax, D. repelen, G. reffen, riffeln, and E. raff, raffle. Cf. Raff, Ripple of flax.]

1. To divide or separate the parts of, by cutting or tearing; to tear or cut open or off; to tear off or out by violence; as, to rip a garment by cutting the stitches; to rip off the skin of a beast; to rip up a floor; — commonly used with up, open, off.

2. To get by, or as by, cutting or tearing. He 'll rip the fatal secret from her heart. Granville.

3. To tear up for search or disclosure, or for alteration; to search to the bottom; to discover; to disclose; — usually with up. They ripped up all that had been done from the beginning of the rebellion. Clarendon. For brethern to debate and rip up their falling out in the ear of a common enemy . . . is neither wise nor comely. Milton.

4. To saw (wood) lengthwise of the grain or fiber. Ripping chisel (Carp.), a crooked chisel for cleaning out mortises. Knight. — Ripping iron. (Shipbuilding) Same as Ravehook. — Ripping saw. (Carp.) See Ripsaw. — To rip out, to rap out, to utter hastily and violently; as, to rip out an oath. [Colloq.] See To rap out, under Rap, v. t.

RIP Rip, n.

1. A rent made by ripping, esp. by a seam giving way; a tear; a place torn; laceration.

2. Etym: [Perh. a corruption of the first syllable of reprobate.]

Defn: A term applied to a mean, worthless thing or person, as to a scamp, a debauchee, or a prostitute, or a worn-out horse. [Slang.]

3. A body of water made rough by the meeting of opposing tides or currents.

RIPARIAN Ri*pa"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. riparius, fr. ripa a bank. See River, and cf. Arrive.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the bank of a river; as, riparian rights.

RIPARIOUS Ri*pa"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. riparius.]

Defn: Growing along the banks of rivers; riparian.

RIP CORD Rip cord. (Aëronautics)

Defn: A cord by which the gas bag of a balloon may be ripped open for a limited distance to release the gas quickly and so cause immediate descent.

RIPE Ripe, n. Etym: [L. ripa.]

Defn: The bank of a river. [Obs.]

RIPE Ripe, a. [Compar. Riper; superl. Ripest.] Etym: [AS. ripe; akin to OS. ripi, D. rijp, G. rief, OHG. rift; cf. AS. rip harvest, ripan to reap. Cf. Reap.]

1. Ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature; — said of fruits, seeds, etc.; as, ripe grain. So mayst thou live, till, like ripe fruit, thou drop Into thy mother's lap. Milton.

2. Advanced to the state of fitness for use; mellow; as, ripe cheese; ripe wine.

3. Having attained its full development; mature; perfected; consummate. "Ripe courage." Chaucer. He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one. Shak.

4. Maturated or suppurated; ready to discharge; — said of sores, tumors, etc.

5. Ready for action or effect; prepared. While things were just ripe for a war. Addison. I am not ripe to pass sentence on the gravest public bodies. Burke.

6. Like ripened fruit in ruddiness and plumpness. Those happy smilets, That played on her ripe lip. Shak.

7. Intoxicated. [Obs.] "Reeling ripe." Shak.

Syn. — Mature; complete; finished. See Mature.

RIPE Ripe, v. i. Etym: [AS. ripian.]

Defn: To ripen; to grow ripe. [Obs.]

RIPE Ripe, v. t.

Defn: To mature; to ripen. [Obs.] Shak.

RIPELY Ripe"ly, adv.

Defn: Maturely; at the fit time. Shak.

RIPEN Rip"en, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ripened;p. pr. & vb. n. Ripening.]

1. To grow ripe; to become mature, as grain, fruit, flowers, and the like; as, grapes ripen in the sun.

2. To approach or come to perfection.

RIPEN Rip"en, v. t.

1. To cause to mature; to make ripe; as, the warm days ripened the corn.

2. To mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection; as, to ripen the judgment. When faith and love, which parted from thee never, Had ripined thy iust soul to dwell with God. Milton.

RIPENESS Ripe"ness, n. Etym: [AS. ripness.]

Defn: The state or quality of being ripe; maturity;; completeness; perfection; as, the ripeness of grain; ripeness of manhood; ripeness of judgment. Time, which made them their fame outlive, To Cowley scarce did ripeness give. Denham.

RIPIDOLITE Ri*pid"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A translucent mineral of a green color and micaceous structure, belonging to the chlorite group; a hydrous silicate of alumina, magnesia, and iron; — called also clinochlore.

RIPIENIST Ri*pi*e"nist, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A player in the ripieno portion of an orchestra. See Ripieno.

RIPIENO Ri*pi*e"no, a. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: Filling up; supplementary; supernumerary; — a term applied to those instruments which only swell the mass or tutti of an orchestra, but are not obbligato.

RIPLER; RIPPER Rip"ler, Rip"per, n. Etym: [Cf. Rip a basket, or Riparian.] (O.E. Law)

Defn: One who brings fish from the seacoast to markets in inland towns. [Obs.] But what's the action we are for now Robbing a ripper of his fish. Beau & Fl.

RIPOST Ri*post", n. Etym: [F. riposte.]

1. In fencing, a return thrust after a parry.

2. A quick and sharp refort; a repartee. J. Morley.

RIPPER Rip"per, n.

1. One who, or that which, rips; a ripping tool.

2. A tool for trimming the edges of roofing slates.

3. Anything huge, extreme, startling, etc. [Slang.]

RIPPER ACT; RIPPER BILL Rip"per act or bill.

Defn: An act or a bill conferring upon a chief executive, as a governor or mayor, large powers of appointment and removal of heads of departments or other subordinate officials. [Polit. Cant, U. S.]

RIPPING CORD Rip"ping cord. (Aëronautics)

Defn: = Rip cord.

RIPPING PANEL Ripping panel. (Aëronautics)

Defn: A long patch, on a balloon, to be ripped off, by the rip cord, at landing, in order to allow the immediate escape of gas and instant deflation of the bag.

RIPPING STRIP Ripping strip.

Defn: = Ripping panel.

RIPPLE Rip"ple, n. Etym: [FRom Rip, v.]

Defn: An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.

RIPPLE Rip"ple, v. t.

1. To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of a ripple.

2. Hence, to scratch or tear. Holland.

RIPPLE Rip"ple, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rippled; p. pr. & vb. n. Rippling.] Etym: [Cf. Rimple, Rumple.]

1. To become fretted or dimpled on the surface, as water when agitated or running over a rough bottom; to be covered with small waves or undulations, as a field of grain.

2. To make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore.

RIPPLE Rip"ple, v. t.

Defn: To fret or dimple, as the surface of running water; to cover with small waves or undulations; as, the breeze rippled the lake.

RIPPLE Rip"ple, n.

1. The fretting or dimpling of the surface, as of running water; little curling waves.

2. A little wave or undulation; a sound such as is made by little waves; as, a ripple of laughter. Ripple grass. (Bot.) See Ribwort. — Ripple marks, a system of parallel ridges on sand, produced by wind, by the current of a steam, or by the agitation of wind waves; also (Geol.), a system of parallel ridges on the surface of a sandstone stratum.

RIPPLE-MARKED Rip"ple-marked`, a.

Defn: HAving ripple marks.

RIPPLET Rip"plet, n.

Defn: A small ripple.

RIPPLINGLY Rip"pling*ly, adv.

Defn: In a rippling manner.

RIPPLY Rip"ply, a.

Defn: Having ripples; as, ripply water; hence, resembling the sound of rippling water; as, ripply laughter; a ripply cove. Keats.

RIPRAP Rip"rap`, n. Etym: [Cf. Rap.] (Masonry)

Defn: A foundation or sustaining wall of stones thrown together without order, as in deep water or on a soft bottom.

RIPRAP Rip"rap`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Riprapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Riprapping.]

Defn: To form a riprap in or upon.

RIPSAW Rip"saw`, Etym: [See Rip, v. t., 4.] (Carp.)

Defn: A handsaw with coarse teeth which have but a slight set, used for cutting wood in the direction of the fiber; — called also ripping saw.

RIPTOWEL Rip"tow*el, n. Etym: [AS. rip. harvest + a word of uncertain etymology.] (Feud. Law)

Defn: A gratuity given to tenants after they had reaped their lord's corn. [Obs.]

RIS Ris, n. Etym: [AS. hris; akin to D. rils, G. reis, OHG. hris.]

Defn: A bough or branch; a twig. [Obs.] As white as is the blossom upon the ris. Chaucer.

RISE Rise, v. i. [imp. Rose; p. p. Risen; p. pr. & vb. n. Rising.] Etym: [AS. risan; akin to OS. risan, D. rijzen, OHG. risan to rise, fall, Icel. risa, Goth. urreisan, G. reise journey. CF. Arise, Raise, Rear, v.]

1. To move from a lower position to a higher; to ascend; to mount up. Specifically: — (a) To go upward by walking, climbing, flying, or any other voluntary motion; as, a bird rises in the air; a fish rises to the bait. (b) To ascend or float in a fluid, as gases or vapors in air, cork in water, and the like. (c) To move upward under the influence of a projecting force; as, a bullet rises in the air. (d) To grow upward; to attain a certain heght; as, this elm rises to the height of seventy feet. (e) To reach a higher level by increase of quantity or bulk; to swell; as, a river rises in its bed; the mercury rises in the thermometer. (f) To become erect; to assume an upright position; as, to rise from a chair or from a fall. (g) To leave one's bed; to arise; as, to rise early. He that would thrive, must rise by five. Old Proverb.

(h) To tower up; to be heaved up; as, the Alps rise far above the sea. (i) To slope upward; as, a path, a line, or surface rises in this direction. "A rising ground." Dryden. (j) To retire; to give up a siege. He, rising with small honor from Gunza, . . . was gone. Knolles.

(k) To swell or puff up in the process of fermentation; to become light, as dough, and the like.

2. To have the aspect or the effect of rising. Specifically: — (a) To appear above the horizont, as the sun, moon, stars, and the like. "He maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good." Matt. v. 45. (b) To become apparent; to emerge into sight; to come forth; to appear; as, an eruption rises on the skin; the land rises to view to one sailing toward the shore. (c) To become perceptible to other senses than sight; as, a noise rose on the air; odor rises from the flower. (d) To have a beginning; to proceed; to originate; as, rivers rise in lakes or springs. A scepter shall rise out of Israel. Num. xxiv. 17. Honor and shame from no condition rise. Pope.