H (continued 5)

HEMIDACTYL Hem`i*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [See Hemi-, and Dactyl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Old World geckoes of the genus Hemidactylus. The hemidactyls have dilated toes, with two rows of plates beneath.

HEMI-DEMI-SEMIQUAVER Hem`i-dem`i-sem"i*quaver, n. Etym: [Hemi- + demi-semiquaver.] (Mus.)

Defn: A short note, equal to one fourth of a semiquaver, or the sixty-fourth part of a whole note.

HEMIDITONE Hem`i*di"tone, n. Etym: [Hemi- + ditone.] (Gr. Mus.)

Defn: The lesser third. Busby.

HEMIGAMOUS He*mig"a*mous, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having one of the two florets in the same spikelet neuter, and the other unisexual, whether male or female; — said of grasses.

HEMIGLYPH Hem"i*glyph, n. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: The half channel or groove in the edge of the triglyph in the Doric order.

HEMIHEDRAL Hem`i*he"dral, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having half of the similar parts of a crystals, instead of all; consisting of half the planes which full symmetry would require, as when a cube has planes only on half of its eight solid angles, or one plane out of a pair on each of its edges; or as in the case of a tetrahedron, which is hemihedral to an octahedron, it being contained under four of the planes of an octahedron. — Hem`i*he"dral*ly, adv.

HEMIHEDRISM Hem`i*he"drism, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: The property of crystallizing hemihedrally.

HEMIHEDRON Hem`i*he"dron, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A solid hemihedrally derived. The tetrahedron is a hemihedron.

HEMIHOLOHEDRAL Hem`i*hol`o*he"dral, a. Etym: [Hemi- + holohedral.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: Presenting hemihedral forms, in which half the sectants have the full number of planes.

HEMIMELLITIC Hem`i*mel*lit"ic, a. Etym: [Hemi- + mellitic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having half as many (three) carboxyl radicals as mellitic acid; — said of an organic acid.

HEMIMETABOLA Hem`i*me*tab"o*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hemi-, and Metabola.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Those insects which have an incomplete metamorphosis.

HEMIMETABOLIC Hem`i*met`a*bol"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having an incomplete metamorphosis, the larvæ differing from the adults chiefly in laking wings, as in the grasshoppers and cockroaches.

HEMIMORPHIC Hem`i*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having the two ends modified with unlike planes; — said of a crystal.

HEMIN He"min, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A substance, in the form of reddish brown, microscopic, prismatic crystals, formed from dried blood by the action of strong acetic acid and common salt; — called also Teichmann's crystals. Chemically, it is a hydrochloride of hematin.

Note: The obtaining of these small crystals, from old blood clots or suspected blood stains, constitutes one of the best evidences of the presence of blood.

HEMINA He*mi"na, n.; pl. Heminæ. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A measure of half a sextary. Arbuthnot.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A measure equal to about ten fluid ounces.

HEMIONUS He*mi"o*nus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wild ass found in Thibet; the kiang. Darwin.

HEMIOPIA; HEMIOPSIA Hem`i*o"pi*a, Hem`i*op"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A defect of vision in consequence of which a person sees but half of an object looked at.

HEMIORTHOTYPE Hem`i*or"tho*type, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. -type.]

Defn: Same as Monoclinic.

HEMIPEPTONE Hem`i*pep"tone, n. Etym: [Hemi- + peptone.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A product of the gastric and pancreatic digestion of albuminous matter.

Note: Unlike antipeptone it is convertible into leucin and tyrosin, by the continued action of pancreatic juice. See Peptone. It is also formed from hemialbumose and albumin by the action of boiling dilute sulphuric acid.

HEMIPLEGIA Hem`i*ple"gi*a, n.Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hémiplagie.] (Med.)

Defn: A palsy that affects one side only of the body. — Hem`i"pleg"ic, a.

HEMIPLEGY Hem"i*ple`gy, n. (Med.)

Defn: Hemiplegia.

HEMIPODE Hem"i*pode, n. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bird of the genus Turnix. Various species inhabit Asia, Africa, and Australia.

HEMIPROTEIN Hem`i*pro"te*in, n. Etym: [Hemi- + protein.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An insoluble, proteid substance, described by Schützenberger, formed when albumin is heated for some time with dilute sulphuric acid. It is apparently identical with antialbumid and dyspeptone.

HEMIPTER He*mip"ter, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hémiptères, pl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Hemiptera.

HEMIPTERA He*mip"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of hexapod insects having a jointed proboscis, including four sharp stylets (mandibles and maxillæ), for piercing. In many of the species (Heteroptera) the front wings are partially coriaceous, and different from the others.

Note: They are divided into the Heteroptera, including the squash bug, soldier bug, bedbug, etc.; the Homoptera, including the cicadas, cuckoo spits, plant lice, scale insects, etc.; the Thysanoptera, including the thrips, and, according to most recent writers, the Pediculina or true lice.

HEMIPTERAL; HEMIPTEROUS He*mip"ter*al, He*mip"ter*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hemiptera.

HEMIPTERAN He*mip"ter*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Hemiptera; an hemipter.

HEMISECT Hem`i*sect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hemisected; p. pr. & vb. n. Hemisecting.] Etym: [Hemi- + L. secare to cut.] (Anat.)

Defn: To divide along the mesial plane.

HEMISECTION Hem`i*sec"tion, n. (Anat.)

Defn: A division along the mesial plane; also, one of the parts so divided.

HEMISPHERE Hem"i*sphere, n. Etym: [L. hemisphaerium, Gr. hémisphère. See Hemi-, and Sphere.]

1. A half sphere; one half of a sphere or globe, when divided by a plane passing through its center.

2. Half of the terrestrial globe, or a projection of the same in a map or picture.

3. The people who inhabit a hemisphere. He died . . . mourned by a hemisphere. J. P. Peters. ten Cerebral hemispheres. (Anat.) See Brain. — Magdeburg hemispheres (Physics), two hemispherical cups forming, when placed together, a cavity from which the air can be withdrawn by an air pump; — used to illustrate the pressure of the air. So called because invented by Otto von Guericke at Magdeburg.

HEMISPHERIC; HEMISPHERICAL Hem`i*spher"ic, Hem`i*spher"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hémisphérique.]

Defn: Containing, or pertaining to, a hemisphere; as, a hemispheric figure or form; a hemispherical body.

HEMISPHEROID Hem`i*sphe"roid, n. Etym: [Hemi- + spheroid.]

Defn: A half of a spheroid.

HEMISPHEROIDAL Hem`i*sphe*roid"al, a.

Defn: Resembling, or approximating to, a hemisphere in form.

HEMISPHERULE Hem`i*spher"ule, n.

Defn: A half spherule.

HEMISTICH Hem"i*stich, n. Etym: [L. hemistichium, Gr. "hmisti`chion; "hmi- half + sti`chos row, line, verse: cf. F. hémistiche.]

Defn: Half a poetic verse or line, or a verse or line not completed.

HEMISTICHAL He*mis"ti*chal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or written in, hemistichs; also, by, or according to, hemistichs; as, a hemistichal division of a verse.

HEMISYSTOLE Hem`i*sys"to*le, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: Contraction of only one ventricle of the heart.

Note: Hemisystole is noticed in rare cases of insufficiency of the mitral valve, in which both ventricles at times contract simultaneously, as in a normal heart, this condition alternating with contraction of the right ventricle alone; hence, intermittent hemisystole.

HEMITONE Hem"i*tone, n. Etym: [L. hemitonium, Gr.

Defn: See Semitone.

HEMITROPAL; HEMITROPOUS He*mit"ro*pal, He*mit"ro*pous, a. Etym: [See Hemitrope.]

1. Turned half round; half inverted.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the raphe terminating about half way between the chalaza and the orifice; amphitropous; — said of an ovule. Gray.

HEMITROPE Hem"i*trope, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. hémitrope.]

Defn: Half turned round; half inverted; (Crystallog.) having a twinned structure.

HEMITROPE Hem"i*trope, n.

Defn: That which is hemitropal in construction; (Crystallog.) a twin crystal having a hemitropal structure.

HEMITROPY He*mit"ro*py, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Twin composition in crystals.

HEMLOCK Hem"lock, n. Etym: [OE. hemeluc, humloc, AS. hemlic, hymlic.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The name of several poisonous umbelliferous herbs having finely cut leaves and small white flowers, as the Cicuta maculata, bulbifera, and virosa, and the Conium maculatum. See Conium.

Note: The potion of hemlock administered to Socrates is by some thought to have been a decoction of Cicuta virosa, or water hemlock, by others, of Conium maculatum.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: An evergreen tree common in North America (Abies, or Tsuga, Canadensis); hemlock spruce. The murmuring pines and the hemlocks. Longfellow.

3. The wood or timber of the hemlock tree. Ground hemlock, or Dwarf hemlock. See under Ground.

HEMMEL Hem"mel, n. Etym: [Scot. hemmel, hammel, Prov. E. hemble hovel, stable, shed, perh. allied to D. hemel heaven, canopy, G. himmel; cf. E. heaven.

Defn: A shed or hovel for cattle. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

HEMMER Hem"mer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, hems with a needle. Specifically: (a) An attachment to a sewing machine, for turning under the edge of a piece of fabric, preparatory to stitching it down. (b) A tool for turning over the edge of sheet metal to make a hem.

HEMO- Hem"o-.

Defn: Same as Hæma-, Hæmo-.

HEMOGLOBIN Hem"o*glo"bin, n. Etym: [Hemo- + globe.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The normal coloring matter of the red blood corpuscles of vertebrate animals. It is composed of hematin and globulin, and is also called hæmatoglobulin. In arterial blood, it is always combined with oxygen, and is then called oxyhemoglobin. It crystallizes under different forms from different animals, and when crystallized, is called hæmatocrystallin. See Blood crystal, under Blood.

HEMOGLOBINOMETER Hem`o*glo"bin*om"e*ter, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hæmochromometer.

HEMOPHILIA Hem`o*phil"i*a, n.

Defn: See Hematophilia.

HEMOPTYSIS He*mop"ty*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hémoptysie.] (Med.)

Defn: The expectoration of blood, due usually to hemorrhage from the mucous membrane of the lungs.

HEMORRHAGE Hem"or*rhage, n. Etym: [L. haemorrhagia, Gr. hémorriage, hémorrhagie.] (Med.)

Defn: Any discharge of blood from the blood vessels.

Note: The blood circulates in a system of closed tubes, the rupture of which gives rise to hemorrhage.

HEMORRHAGIC Hem`or*rhag"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. hémorrhagique.]

Defn: Pertaining or tending to a flux o

HEMORRHOIDAL Hem`or*rhoid"al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hémorroïdal, hémorrhoïdal.]

1. Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, hemorrhoids.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rectum; rectal; as, the hemorrhoidal arteries, veins, and nerves.

HEMORRHOIDS Hem"or*rhoids, n. pl. Etym: [L. haemorrhoidae, pl., Gr. hémorroïdes, hémorrhoïdes. See Rheum.] (Med.)

Defn: Livid and painful swellings formed by the dilation of the blood vessels around the margin of, or within, the anus, from which blood or mucus is occasionally discharged; piles; emerods. [The sing. hemorrhoid is rarely used.]

HEMOSTATIC Hem`o*stat"ic, a. Etym: [Hemo- + Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: Of or relating to stagnation of the blood.

2. Serving to arrest hemorrhage; styptic.

HEMOSTATIC Hem`o*stat"ic, n.

Defn: A medicine or application to arrest hemorrhage.

HEMOTHORAX Hem"o*tho"rax, n. Etym: [NL. See Hemo-, and Thorax.] (Med.)

Defn: An effusion of blood into the cavity of the pleura.

HEMP Hemp, n. Etym: [OE. hemp, AS. henep, hænep; akin to D. hennep, OHG. hanaf, G. hanf, Icel. hampr, Dan. hamp, Sw. hampa, L. cannabis, cannabum, Gr. conoplia, Skr. a; all prob. borrowed from some other language at an early time. Cf. Cannabine, Canvas.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Cannabis (C. sativa), the fibrous skin or bark of which is used for making cloth and cordage. The name is also applied to various other plants yielding fiber.

2. The fiber of the skin or rind of the plant, prepared for spinning. The name has also been extended to various fibers resembling the true hemp. African hemp, Bowstring hemp. See under African, and Bowstring. — Bastard hemp, the Asiatic herb Datisca cannabina. — Canada hemp, a species of dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum), the fiber of which was used by the Indians. — Hemp agrimony, a coarse, composite herb of Europe (Eupatorium cannabinum), much like the American boneset. — Hemp nettle, a plant of the genus Galeopsis (G. Tetrahit), belonging to the Mint family. — Indian hemp. See under Indian, a. — Manila hemp, the fiber of Musa textilis. — Sisal hemp, the fiber of Agave sisalana, of Mexico and Yucatan. — Sunn hemp, a fiber obtained from a leguminous plant (Crotalaria juncea). — Water hemp, an annual American weed (Acnida cannabina), related to the amaranth.

HEMPEN Hemp"en, a.

1. Made of hemp; as, a hempen cord.

2. Like hemp. "Beat into a hempen state." Cook.

HEMPY Hemp"y, a.

Defn: Like hemp. [R.] Howell.

HEMSELF; HEMSELVE; HEMSELVEN Hem*self", Hem*selve" (, Hem*selv"en (, pron. pl. Etym: [See Hem, pron.]

Defn: Themselves; — used reflexively. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEMSTITCH Hem"stitch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hemstitched; p. pr. & vb. n. Hemstitching.] Etym: [Hem + stitch.]

Defn: To ornament at the head of a broad hem by drawing out a few parallel threads, and fastening the cross threads in successive small clusters; as, to hemstitch a handkerchief.

HEMSTITCHED Hem"stitched, a.

Defn: Having a broad hem separated from the body of the article by a line of open work; as, a hemistitched handkerchief.

HEMUSE He"muse, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The roebuck in its third year. [Prov. Eng.]

HEN Hen, n. Etym: [AS. henn, hen, hæn; akin to D. hen, OHG. henna, G. henne, Icel. hna, Dan. höna; the fem. corresponding to AS. hana cock, D. haan, OHG. hano, G. hahn, Icel. hani, Dan. & Sw. hane. Prob. akin to L. canere to sing, and orig. meaning, a singer. Cf. Chanticleer.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The female of the domestic fowl; also, the female of grouse, pheasants, or any kind of birds; as, the heath hen; the gray hen.

Note: Used adjectively or in combination to indicate the female; as, hen canary, hen eagle, hen turkey, peahen. Hen clam. (Zoöl.) (a) A clam of the Mactra, and allied genera; the sea clam or surf clam. See Surf clam. (b) A California clam of the genus Pachydesma. — Hen driver. See Hen harrier (below). — Hen harrier (Zoöl.), a hawk (Circus cyaneus), found in Europe and America; — called also dove hawk, henharm, henharrow, hen driver, and usually, in America, marsh hawk. See Marsh hawk. — Hen hawk (Zoöl.), one of several species of large hawks which capture hens; esp., the American red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis), the red-shouldered hawk (B. lineatus), and the goshawk.

HENBANE Hen"bane`, n. Etym: [Hen + bane.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Hyoscyamus (H. niger). All parts of the plant are poisonous, and the leaves are used for the same purposes as belladonna. It is poisonous to domestic fowls; whence the name. Called also, stinking nightshade, from the fetid odor of the plant. See Hyoscyamus.

HENBIT Hen"bit`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A weed of the genus Lamium (L. amplexicaule) with deeply crenate leaves.

HENCE Hence, adv. Etym: [OE. hennes, hens (the s is prop. a genitive ending; cf. -wards), also hen, henne, hennen, heonnen, heonene, AS. heonan, heonon, heona, hine; akin to OHG. hinnan, G. hinnen, OHG. hina, G. hin; all from the root of E. he. See He.]

1. From this place; away. "Or that we hence wend." Chaucer. Arise, let us go hence. John xiv. 31. I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles. Acts xxii. 21.

2. From this time; in the future; as, a week hence. "Half an hour hence." Shak.

3. From this reason; as an inference or deduction. Hence, perhaps, it is, that Solomon calls the fear of the Lord the beginning of wisdom. Tillotson.

4. From this source or origin. All other faces borrowed hence Their light and grace. Suckling. Whence come wars and fightings among you Come they not hence, even of your lusts James. iv. 1.

Note: Hence is used, elliptically and imperatively, for go hence; depart hence; away; be gone. "Hence with your little ones." Shak. — From hence, though a pleonasm, is fully authorized by the usage of good writers. An ancient author prophesied from hence. Dryden. Expelled from hence into a world Of woe and sorrow. Milton.

HENCE Hence, v. t.

Defn: To send away. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

HENCEFORTH Hence`forth", adv.

Defn: From this time forward; henceforward. I never from thy side henceforth to stray. Milton.

HENCEFORWARD Hence`for"ward, adv.

Defn: From this time forward; henceforth.

HENCHBOY Hench"boy`, n.

Defn: A page; a servant. [Obs.]

HENCHMAN Hench"man, n.; pl. -men. Etym: [OE. hencheman, henxman; prob. fr. OE. & AS. hengest horse + E. man, and meaning, a groom. AS. hengest is akin to D. & G. hengst stallion, OHG. hengist horse, gelding.]

Defn: An attendant; a servant; a follower. Now chiefly used as a political cant term.

HENCOOP Hen"coop`, n.

Defn: A coop or cage for hens.

HENDE Hende, a. Etym: [OE., near, handy, kind, fr. AS. gehende near, fr. hand hand. See Handy.]

1. Skillful; dexterous; clever. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Friendly; civil; gentle; kind. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HENDECAGON Hen*dec"a*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. hendécagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure of eleven sides and eleven angles. [Written also endecagon.]

HENDECANE Hen"de*cane, n. Etym: [Gr. "e`ndeka eleven.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon, C11H24, of the paraffin series; — so called because it has eleven atoms of carbon in each molecule. Called also endecane, undecane.

HENDECASYLLABIC Hen*dec`a*syl*lab"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a line of eleven syllables.

HENDECASYLLABLE Hen*dec"a*syl`la*ble, n. Etym: [L. hendecasyllabus, Gr. hendécasyllabe.]

Defn: A metrical line of eleven syllables. J. Warton.

HENDECATOIC Hen*dec`a*to"ic, a. Etym: [See Hendecane.] (Chem.)

Defn: Undecylic; pertaining to, or derived from, hendecane; as, hendecatoic acid.

HENDIADYS Hen*di"a*dys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: A figure in which the idea is expressed by two nouns connected by and, instead of by a noun and limiting adjective; as, we drink from cups and gold, for golden cups.

HENDY Hen"dy, a. [Obs.]

Defn: See Hende.

HENEN Hen"en, adv.

Defn: Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HENFISH Hen"fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A marine fish; the sea bream. (b) A young bib. See Bib, n., 2.

HENG Heng, obs. imp. of Hang.

Defn: Hung. Chaucer.

HEN-HEARTED Hen"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Cowardly; timid; chicken-hearted. Udall.

HENHOUSE Hen"house`, n.; pl. Henhouses.

Defn: A house or shelter for fowls.

HENHUSSY Hen"hus`sy, n.

Defn: A cotquean; a man who intermeddles with women's concerns.

HENIQUEN He*ni"quen, n.

Defn: See Jeniquen.

HENNA Hen"na, n. Etym: [Ar. hinna alcanna (Lawsonia inermis or alba). Cf. Alcanna, Alkanet, Orchanet.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A thorny tree or shrub of the genus Lawsonia (L. alba). The fragrant white blossoms are used by the Buddhists in religious ceremonies. The powdered leaves furnish a red coloring matter used in the East to stain the hails and fingers, the manes of horses, etc.

2. (Com.)

Defn: The leaves of the henna plant, or a preparation or dyestuff made from them.

HENNERY Hen"ner*y, n.

Defn: An inclosed place for keeping hens. [U. S.]

HENNES Hen"nes, adv.

Defn: Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HENNOTANNIC Hen`no*tan"nic, a. Etym: [Henna + tannic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a brown resinous substance resembling tannin, and extracted from the henna plant; as, hennotannic acid.

HENOGENY; HENOGENESIS He*nog"e* ny, Hen`o*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Ontogeny.

HENOTHEISM Hen"o*the*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. theism.]

Defn: Primitive religion in which each of several divinities is regarded as independent, and is worshiped without reference to the rest. [R.]

HENOTIC He*not"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Harmonizing; irenic. Gladstone.

HENPECK Hen"peck`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Henpecked; p. pr. & vb. Henpecking.]

Defn: To subject to petty authority; — said of a wife who thus treats her husband. Commonly used in the past participle (often adjectively).

HENRIETTA CLOTH Hen`ri*et"ta cloth`.

Defn: A fine wide wooled fabric much used for women's dresses.

HENROOST Hen"roost`, n.

Defn: A place where hens roost.

HENRY Hen"ry, n.; pl. Henrys. Etym: [From Joseph Henry, an American physicist.]

Defn: The unit of electric induction; the induction in a circuit when the electro-motive force induced in this circuit is one volt, while the inducing current varies at the rate of one ampère a second.

HEN'S-FOOT Hen's-foot` (, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An umbelliferous plant (Caucalis daucoides).

HENT Hent, v. t. [imp. Hente; p. p. Hent.] Etym: [OE. hente, henten, fr. AS. hentan, gehentan, to pursue, take, seize; cf. Icel. henda, Goth. hinpan (in compos.), and E. hunt.]

Defn: To seize; to lay hold on; to catch; to get. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Spenser. This cursed Jew him hente and held him fast. Chaucer. But all that he might of his friendes hente On bookes and on learning he it spente. Chaucer.

HENWARE Hen"ware`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A coarse, blackish seaweed. See Badderlocks.

HENXMAN Henx"man, n.

Defn: Henchman. [Obs.]

HEP Hep, n.

Defn: See Hip, the fruit of the dog-rose.

HEPAR He"par, n. Etym: [L. hepar, hepatis, the liver, Gr.

1. (Old Chem.)

Defn: Liver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown color, sometimes used in medicine. It is formed by fusing sulphur with carbonates of the alkalies (esp. potassium), and consists essentially of alkaline sulphides. Called also hepar sulphuris (.

2. Any substance resembling hepar proper, in appearance; specifically, in homeopathy, calcium sulphide, called also hepar sulphuris calcareum ( Hepar antimonii ( (Old Chem.), a substance, of a liver-brown color, obtained by fusing together antimony sulphide with alkaline sulphides, and consisting of sulphantimonites of the alkalies; — called also liver of antimony.

HEPATIC He*pat"ic, a. Etym: [L. hepaticus, Gr. jecur, Skr. yak: cf. F. hépatique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the liver; as, hepatic artery; hepatic diseases.

2. Resembling the liver in color or in form; as, hepatic cinnabar.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the plants called Hepaticæ, or scale mosses and liverworts. Hepatic duct (Anat.), any biliary duct; esp., the duct, or one of the ducts, which carries the bile from the liver to the cystic and common bile ducts. See Illust., under Digestive. — Hepatic gas (Old Chem.), sulphureted hydrogen gas. — Hepatic mercurial ore, or Hepatic cinnabar. See under Cinnabar.

HEPATICA He*pat"i*ca, n.; pl. Hepaticæ. Etym: [NL. See Hepatic. So called in allusion to the shape of the lobed leaves or fronds.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of pretty spring flowers closely related to Anemone; squirrel cup.

2. (bot.)

Defn: Any plant, usually procumbent and mosslike, of the cryptogamous class Hepaticæ; — called also scale moss and liverwort. See Hepaticæ, in the Supplement.

HEPATICAL He*pat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Hepatic. [R.]

HEPATITE Hep"a*tite, n. Etym: [L. hepatitis an unknown precious stone, Gr. hépatite.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of barite emitting a fetid odor when rubbed or heated.

HEPATITIS Hep`a*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the liver.

HEPATIZATION Hep`a*ti*za"tion, n.

1. (Chem.)

Defn: Impregnating with sulphureted hydrogen gas. [Obs.]

2. Etym: [Cf. F. hépatisation.] (Med.)

Defn: Conversion into a substance resembling the liver; a state of the lungs when gorged with effused matter, so that they are no longer pervious to the air.

HEPATIZE Hep"a*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hepatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Hepatizing.] Etym: [Gr. hepatite, and (for sense 2) F. hépatiser.]

1. To impregnate with sulphureted hydrogen gas, formerly called hepatic gas. On the right . . . were two wells of hepatized water. Barrow.

2. To gorge with effused matter, as the lungs.

HEPATOCELE He*pat"o*cele, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Hernia of the liver.

HEPATOCYSTIC Hep`a*to*cys"tic, a. Etym: [Hepatic + cystic.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the liver and gall bladder; as, the hepatocystic ducts.

HEPATOGASTRIC Hep`a*to*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Hepatic + gastric.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Gastrohepatic.

HEPATOGENIC; HEPATOGENOUS Hep`a*to*gen"ic, Hep`a*tog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + root of gi`gnesthai to be born] (Med.)

Defn: Arising from the liver; due to a condition of the liver; as, hepatogenic jaundice.

HEPATOLOGY Hep`a*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the liver; a treatise on the liver.

HEPATO-PANCREAS Hep"a*to-pan"cre*as, n. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + E. pancreas.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A digestive gland in Crustacea, Mollusca, etc., usually called the liver, but different from the liver of vertebrates.

HEPATORENAL Hep`a*to*re"nal, a. Etym: [Hepatic + renal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the liver and kidneys; as, the hepatorenal ligament.

HEPATOSCOPY Hep`a*tos"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + hépatoscopie.]

Defn: Divination by inspecting the liver of animals.

HEPPELWHITE Hep"pel*white, a. (Furniture)

Defn: Designating a light and elegant style developed in England under George III., chiefly by Messrs. A.Heppelwhite & Co.

HEPPEN Hep"pen, a. Etym: [Cf. AS. gehæp fit, Icel. heppinn lucky, E. happy.]

Defn: Neat; fit; comfortable. [Obs.]

HEPPER Hep"per, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young salmon; a parr.

HEPTA Hep"ta. Etym: [See Seven.]

Defn: A combining form from Gr. "epta`, seven.

HEPTACHORD Hep"ta*chord, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta`xordos seven-stringed; "epta` seven + xordh` chord: cf. F. heptacorde. See Seven, and Chord.]

1. (Anc. Mus.) (a) A system of seven sounds. (b) A lyre with seven chords.

2. (Anc. Poet.)

Defn: A composition sung to the sound of seven chords or tones. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

HEPTAD Hep"tad, n. Etym: [L. heptas the number seven. Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: An atom which has a valence of seven, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, seven monad atoms or radicals; as, iodine is a heptad in iodic acid. Also used as an adjective.

HEPTADE Hep"tade, n. Etym: [Cf. F. heptade. See Heptad.]

Defn: The sum or number of seven.

HEPTAGLOT Hep"ta*glot, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven + 3,

Defn: A book in seven languages.

HEPTAGON Hep"ta*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven + heptagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure consisting of seven sides and having seven angles.

HEPTAGONAL Hep*tag"o*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptagonal.]

Defn: Having seven angles or sides. Heptagonal numbers (Arith.), the numbers of the series 1, 7, 18, 34, 55, etc., being figurate numbers formed by adding successively the terms of the arithmetical series 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, etc.

HEPTAGYNIA Hep`ta*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "epta` seven + heptagunie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants having seven pistils.

HEPTAGYNIAN; HEPTAGYNOUS Hep`ta*gyn"i*an, Hep*tag"y*nous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptagyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven pistils.

HEPTAHEDRON Hep`ta*he"dron, n. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. heptaèdre.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid figure with seven sides.

HEPTAMEROUS Hep*tam"er*ous, a. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Consisting of seven parts, or having the parts in sets of sevens. Gray.

HEPTANDRIA Hep*tan"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "epta` seven + heptandrie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having seven stamens.

HEPTANDRIAN; HEPTANDROUS Hep*tan"dri*an, Hep*tan"drous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptandre.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven stamens.

HEPTANE Hep"tane, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of several isometric hydrocarbons, C7H16, of the paraffin series (nine are possible, four are known); — so called because the molecule has seven carbon atoms. Specifically, a colorless liquid, found as a constituent of petroleum, in the tar oil of cannel coal, etc.

HEPTANGULAR Hep*tan"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Hepta- + angular: cf. F. heptangulaire. Cf. Septangular.]

Defn: Having seven angles.

HEPTAPHYLLOUS Hep*taph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. heptaphylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven leaves.

HEPTARCH Hep"tarch, n.

Defn: Same as Heptarchist.

HEPTARCHIC Hep*tar"chic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptarchique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a heptarchy; constituting or consisting of a heptarchy. T. Warton.

HEPTARCHIST Hep"tarch*ist, n.

Defn: A ruler of one division of a heptarchy. [Written also heptarch.]

HEPTARCHY Hep"tarch*y, n. Etym: [Hepta- + -archy: cf. F. heptarchie.]

Defn: A government by seven persons; also, a country under seven rulers.

Note: The word is most commonly applied to England, when it was divided into seven kingdoms; as, the Saxon heptachy, which consisted of Kent, the South Saxons (Sussex), West Saxons (Wessex), East Saxons (Essex), the East Angles, Mercia, and Northumberland.

HEPTASPERMOUS Hep`ta*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven seeds.

HEPTASTICH Hep"ta*stich, n. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. sti`chos line, verse.] (Pros.)

Defn: A composition consisting of seven lines or verses.

HEPTATEUCH Hep"ta*teuch, n. Etym: [L. heptateuchos, Gr. "epta` seven + heptateuque.]

Defn: The first seven books of the Testament.

HEPTAVALENT Hep*tav"a*lent, a. Etym: [Hepta- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having seven units of attractive force or affinity; — said of heptad elements or radicals.

HEPTENE Hep"tene, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Heptylene.

HEPTINE Hep"tine, n. Etym: [Heptane + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of a series of unsaturated metameric hydrocarbons, C7H12, of the acetylene series.

HEPTOIC Hep*to"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, heptane; as, heptoic acid.

HEPTONE Hep"tone, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C7H10, of the valylene series.

HEP TREE Hep" tree`. Etym: [See Hep.]

Defn: The wild dog-rose.

HEPTYL Hep"tyl, n. Etym: [Hepta- + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound radical, C7H15, regarded as the essential radical of heptane and a related series of compounds.

HEPTYLENE Hep"tyl*ene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, C7H14, of the ethylene series; also, any one of its isomers. Called also heptene.

HEPTYLIC Hep*tyl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, heptyl or heptane; as, heptylic alcohol. Cf. .

HER Her, pron. & a. Etym: [OE. hire, here, hir, hure, gen. and dat. sing., AS. hire, gen. and dat. sing. of héo she. from the same root as E. he. See He.]

Defn: The form of the objective and the possessive case of the personal pronoun she; as, I saw her with her purse out.

Note: The possessive her takes the form hers when the noun with which in agrees is not given, but implied. "And what his fortune wanted, hers could mend." Dryden.

HER; HERE Her, Here (, pron. pl. Etym: [OE. here, hire, AS. heora, hyra, gen. pl. of he. See He.]

Defn: Of them; their. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. On here bare knees adown they fall. Chaucer.

HERACLEONITE He*rac"le*on*ite, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Heracleon of Alexandria, a Judaizing Gnostic, in the early history of the Christian church.

HERAKLINE He*rak"line, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A picrate compound, used as an explosive in blasting.

HERALD Her"ald, n. Etym: [OE. herald, heraud, OF. heralt, heraut, herault, F. héraut, LL. heraldus, haraldus, fr. (assumed) OHG. heriwalto, hariwaldo, a (civil) officer who serves the army; hari, heri, army + waltan to manage, govern, G. walten; akin to E. wield. See Harry, Wield.]

1. (Antiq.)

Defn: An officer whose business was to denounce or proclaim war, to challenge to battle, to proclaim peace, and to bear messages from the commander of an army. He was invested with a sacred and inviolable character.

2. In the Middle Ages, the officer charged with the above duties, and also with the care of genealogies, of the rights and privileges of noble families, and especially of armorial bearings. In modern times, some vestiges of this office remain, especially in England. See Heralds' College (below), and King-at-Arms.

3. A proclaimer; one who, or that which, publishes or announces; as, the herald of another's fame. Shak.

4. A forerunner; a a precursor; a harbinger. It was the lark, the herald of the morn. Shak.

5. Any messenger. "My herald is returned." Shak. Heralds' College, in England, an ancient corporation, dependent upon the crown, instituted or perhaps recognized by Richard III. in 1483, consisting of the three Kings-at-Arms and the Chester, Lancaster, Richmond, Somerset, Windsor, and York Heralds, together with the Earl Marshal. This retains from the Middle Ages the charge of the armorial bearings of persons privileged to bear them, as well as of genealogies and kindred subjects; — called also College of Arms.

HERALD Her"ald, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heralded; p. pr. & vb. n. Heralding.] Etym: [Cf. OF. herauder, heraulder.]

Defn: To introduce, or give tidings of, as by a herald; to proclaim; to announce; to foretell; to usher in. Shak.

HERALDIC He*ral"dic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. héraldique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to heralds or heraldry; as, heraldic blazoning; heraldic language. T. Warton.

HERALDICALLY He*ral"dic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an heraldic manner; according to the rules of heraldry.

HERALDRY Her"ald*ry, n.

Defn: The art or office of a herald; the art, practice, or science of recording genealogies, and blazoning arms or ensigns armorial; also, of marshaling cavalcades, processions, and public ceremonies.

HERALDSHIP Her"ald*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a herald. Selden.

HERAPATHITE Her"a*path*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Dr. Herapath, the discoverer.] (Chem.)

Defn: The sulphate of iodoquinine, a substance crystallizing in thin plates remarkable for their effects in polarizing light.

HERAUD Her"aud, n.

Defn: A herald. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERB Herb, n. Etym: [OE. herbe, erbe, OF. herbe, erbe, F. herbe, L. herba; perh. akin to Gr. forbh` food, pasture, fe`rbein to feed.]

1. A plant whose stem does not become woody and permanent, but dies, at least down to the ground, after flowering.

Note: Annual herbs live but one season; biennial herbs flower the second season, and then die; perennial herbs produce new stems year after year.

2. Grass; herbage. And flocks Grazing the tender herb. Milton. Herb bennet. (Bot.) See Bennet. — Herb Christopher (Bot.), an herb (Actæa spicata), whose root is used in nervous diseases; the baneberry. The name is occasionally given to other plants, as the royal fern, the wood betony, etc. — Herb Gerard (Bot.), the goutweed; — so called in honor of St. Gerard, who used to be invoked against the gout. Dr. Prior. — Herb grace, or Herb of grace. (Bot.) See Rue. — Herb Margaret (Bot.), the daisy. See Marguerite. — Herb Paris (Bot.), an Old World plant related to the trillium (Paris quadrifolia), commonly reputed poisonous. — Herb Robert (Bot.), a species of Geranium (G. Robertianum.)

HERBACEOUS Her*ba"ceous, a. Etym: [L. herbaceus grassy. See Herb.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to herbs; having the nature, texture, or characteristics, of an herb; as, herbaceous plants; an herbaceous stem.

HERBAGE Herb"age (; 48), n. Etym: [F. See Herb.]

1. Herbs collectively; green food beasts; grass; pasture. "Thin herbage in the plaims." Dryden.

2. (Law.)

Defn: The liberty or right of pasture in the forest or in the grounds of another man. Blount.

HERBAGED Herb"aged, a.

Defn: Covered with grass. Thomson.

HERBAL Herb"al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to herbs. Quarles.

HERBAL Herb"al, n.

1. A book containing the names and descriptions of plants. Bacon.

2. A collection of specimens of plants, dried and preserved; a hortus siccus; an herbarium. Steele.

HERBALISM Herb"al*ism, n.

Defn: The knowledge of herbs.

HERBALIST Herb"al*ist, n.

Defn: One skilled in the knowledge of plants; a collector of, or dealer in, herbs, especially medicinal herbs.

HERBAR Herb"ar, n.

Defn: An herb. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERBARIAN Her*ba"ri*an, n.

Defn: A herbalist.

HERBARIST Herb"a*rist, n.

Defn: A herbalist. [Obs.]

HERBARIUM Her*ba"ri*um, n.; pl. E. Herbariums, L. Herbaria. Etym: [LL., fr. L. herba. See Herb, and cf. Arbor, Herbary.]

1. A collection of dried specimens of plants, systematically arranged. Gray.

2. A book or case for preserving dried plants.

HERBARIZE Herb"a*rize, v. t.

Defn: See Herborize.

HERBARY Herb"a*ry, n. Etym: [See Herbarium.]

Defn: A garden of herbs; a cottage garden. T. Warton.

HERBER Herb"er, n. Etym: [OF. herbier, LL. herbarium. See Herbarium.]

Defn: A garden; a pleasure garden. [Obs.] "Into an herber green." Chaucer.

HERBERGAGE Her"berg*age, n. Etym: [See Harborage.]

Defn: Harborage; lodging; shelter; harbor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERBERGEOUR Her"ber*geour, n. Etym: [See Harbinger.]

Defn: A harbinger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERBERGH; HERBERWE Her"bergh, Her"ber*we (, n. Etym: [See Harbor.]

Defn: A harbor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERBESCENT Her*bes"cent, a. Etym: [L. herbescens, p. pr. of herbescere.]

Defn: Growing into herbs.

HERBID Herb"id, a. Etym: [L. herbidus.]

Defn: Covered with herbs. [Obs.] Bailey.

HERBIFEROUS Her*bif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Herb + -ferous: cf. F. herbifére.]

Defn: Bearing herbs or vegetation.

HERBIST Herb"ist, n.

Defn: A herbalist.

HERBIVORA Her*biv"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. herba herb + vorare to devour.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of Mammalia. It formerly included the Proboscidea, Hyracoidea, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla, but by later writers it is generally restricted to the two latter groups (Ungulata). They feed almost exclusively upon vegetation.

HERBIVORE Her"bi*vore, n. Etym: [Cf. F. herbivore.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Herbivora. P. H. Gosse.

HERBIVOROUS Her*biv"o*rous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Eating plants; of or pertaining to the Herbivora.

HERBLESS Herb"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of herbs or of vegetation. J. Warton.

HERBLET Herb"let, n.

Defn: A small herb. Shak.

HERBORIST Her"bo*rist, n. Etym: [F. herboriste.]

Defn: A herbalist. Ray.

HERBORIZATION Her`bo*ri*za"tion, n. Etym: [F. herborisation.]

1. The act of herborizing.

2. The figure of plants in minerals or fossils.

HERBORIZE Her"bo*rize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Herborized; p. pr. & vb. n. Herborizing.] Etym: [F. herboriser, for herbariser, fr. L. herbarium. See Hebrarium.]

Defn: To search for plants, or new species of plants, with a view to classifying them. He herborized as he traveled. W. Tooke.

HERBORIZE Her"bo*rize, v. t.

Defn: To form the figures of plants in; — said in reference to minerals. See Arborized. Herborized stones contain fine mosses. Fourcroy (Trans.)

HERBOROUGH Her"bor*ough, n. Etym: [See Harborough, and Harbor.]

Defn: A harbor. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

HERBOSE; HERBOUS Her*bose", Herb"ous, a. Etym: [L. herbosus: cf. F. herbeux.]

Defn: Abounding with herbs. "Fields poetically called herbose." Byrom.

HERB-WOMAN Herb"-wom`an, n.; pl. Herb-women (.

Defn: A woman that sells herbs.

HERBY Herb"y, a.

Defn: Having the nature of, pertaining to, or covered with, herbs or herbage. "Herby valleys." Chapman.

HERCOGAMOUS Her*cog"a*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Not capable of self-fertilization; — said of hermaphrodite flowers in which some structural obstacle forbids autogamy.

HERCULEAN Her*cu"le*an, a. Etym: [L. herculeus, fr. Hercules: cf. F. herculéen. See Hercules.]

1. Requiring the strength of Hercules; hence, very great, difficult, or dangerous; as, an Herculean task.

2. Having extraordinary strength or size; as, Herculean limbs. "Herculean Samson." Milton.

HERCULES Her"cu*les, n.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A hero, fabled to have been the son of Jupiter and Alcmena, and celebrated for great strength, esp. for the accomplishment of his twelve great tasks or "labors."

2. (Astron.)

Defn: A constellation in the northern hemisphere, near Lyra. Hercules' beetle (Zoöl.), any species of Dynastes, an American genus of very large lamellicorn beetles, esp. D. hercules of South America, which grows to a length of six inches. — Hercules' club. (Bot.) (a) An ornamental tree of the West Indies (Zanthoxylum Clava-Herculis), of the same genus with the prickly ash. (b) A variety of the common gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris). Its fruit sometimes exceeds five feet in length. (c) The Angelica tree. See under Angelica. — Hercules powder, an explosive containing nitroglycerin; — used for blasting.

HERCYNIAN Her*cyn"i*an, a. Etym: [L. Hercynia silva, Hercynius saltus, the Hercynian forest; cf. Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an extensive forest in Germany, of which there are still portions in Swabia and the Hartz mountains.

HERD Herd, a.

Defn: Haired. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERD Herd, n. Etym: [OE. herd, heord, AS. heord; akin to OHG. herta,G. herde, Icel. hjör, Sw. hjord, Dan. hiord, Goth. haírda; cf. Skr. çardha troop, host.]

1. A number of beasts assembled together; as, a herd of horses, oxen, cattle, camels, elephants, deer, or swine; a particular stock or family of cattle. The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea. Gray.

Note: Herd is distinguished from flock, as being chiefly applied to the larger animals. A number of cattle, when driven to market, is called a drove.

2. A crowd of low people; a rabble. But far more numerous was the herd of such Who think too little and who talk too much. Dryden. You can never interest the common herd in the abstract question. Coleridge. Herd's grass (Bot.), one of several species of grass, highly esteemed for hay. See under Grass.

HERD Herd, n. Etym: [OE. hirde, herde, heorde, AS. hirde, hyrde, heorde; akin to G. hirt, hirte, OHG. hirti, Icel. hirir, Sw. herde, Dan. hyrde, Goth. haírdeis. See 2d Herd.]

Defn: One who herds or assembles domestic animals; a herdsman; — much used in composition; as, a shepherd; a goatherd, and the like. Chaucer.

HERD Herd, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Herded; p. pr. & vb. n. Herding.] Etym: [See 2d Herd.]

1. To unite or associate in a herd; to feed or run together, or in company; as, sheep herd on many hills.

2. To associate; to ally one's self with, or place one's self among, a group or company. I'll herd among his friends, and seem One of the number. Addison.

3. To act as a herdsman or a shepherd. [Scot.]

HERD Herd, v. t.

Defn: To form or put into a herd.

HERDBOOK Herd"book`, n.

Defn: A book containing the list and pedigrees of one or more herds of choice breeds of cattle; — also called herd record, or herd register.

HERDER Herd"er, n.

Defn: A herdsman. [R.]

HERDERITE Her"der*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Baron von Herder, who discovered it.] (Min.)

Defn: A rare fluophosphate of glucina, in small white crystals.

HERDESS Herd"ess, n.

Defn: A shepherdess; a female herder. Sir P. Sidney. Chaucer.

HERDGROOM Herd"groom`, n.

Defn: A herdsman. [Obs.]

HERDIC Her"dic, n. Etym: [Named from Peter Herdic, the inventor.]

Defn: A kind of low-hung cab.

HERDMAN; HERDSMAN Herd"man, Herds"man, n.; pl. -men (.

Defn: The owner or keeper of a herd or of herds; one employed in tending a herd of cattle.

HERDSWOMAN Herds"wom`an, n.; pl. -women (.

Defn: A woman who tends a herd. Sir W. Scott.

HERE Here, n.

Defn: Hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERE Here, pron.

1. See Her, their. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Her; hers. See Her. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERE Here, adv. Etym: [OE. her, AS. h; akin to OS. h, D. hier, OHG. hiar, G. hier, Icel. & Goth. h, Dan. her, Sw. här; fr. root of E. he. See He.]

1. In this place; in the place where the speaker is; — opposed to Ant: there. He is not here, for he is risen. Matt. xxviii. 6.

2. In the present life or state. Happy here, and more happy hereafter. Bacon.

3. To or into this place; hither. [Colloq.] See Thither. Here comes Virgil. B. Jonson. Thou led'st me here. Byron.

4. At this point of time, or of an argument; now. The prisoner here made violent efforts to rise. Warren.

Note: Here, in the last sense, is sometimes used before a verb without subject; as, Here goes, for Now (something or somebody) goes; — especially occurring thus in drinking healths. "Here's [a health] to thee, Dick." Cowley. Here and there, in one place and another; in a dispersed manner; irregularly. "Footsteps here and there." Longfellow. — It is neither, here nor there, it is neither in this place nor in that, neither in one place nor in another; hence, it is to no purpose, irrelevant, nonsense. Shak.

HEREA-BOUT; HEREABOUTS Here"a-bout`, Here"a*bouts`, adv.

1. About this place; in this vicinity.

2. Concerning this. [Obs.]

HEREAFTER Here*aft"er, adv. Etym: [AS. hræfter.]

Defn: In time to come; in some future time or state. Hereafter he from war shall come. Dryden.

HEREAFTER Here*aft"er, n.

Defn: A future existence or state. 'Tis Heaven itself that points out an hereafter. Addison.

HEREAFTERWARD Here*aft"er*ward, adv.

Defn: Hereafter. [Obs.] Thou shalt hereafterward . . . come. Chaucer.

HERE-AT Here-at", adv.

Defn: At, or by reason of, this; as, he was offended hereat. Hooker.

HEREBY Here*by", adv.

1. By means of this. And hereby we do know that we know him. 1 John ii. 3.

2. Close by; very near. [Obs.] Shak.

HEREDITABILITY He*red`i*ta*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: State of being hereditable. Brydges.

HEREDITABLE He*red"i*ta*ble, a. Etym: [LL. hereditabilis, fr. hereditare to inherit, fr. L. hereditas heirship inheritance, heres heir: cf. OF. hereditable. See Heir, and cf. Heritable.]

1. Capable of being inherited. See Inheritable. Locke.

2. Qualified to inherit; capable of inheriting.

HEREDITABLY He*red"i*ta*bly, adv.

Defn: By inheritance. W. Tooke.

HEREDITAMENT Her`e*dit"a*ment, n. Etym: [LL. hereditamentum. See Hereditable.] (Law)

Defn: Any species of property that may be inherited; lands, tenements, anything corporeal or incorporeal, real, personal, or mixed, that may descend to an heir. Blackstone.

Note: A corporeal hereditament is visible and tangible; an incorporeal hereditament is not in itself visible or tangible, being an hereditary right, interest, or obligation, as duty to pay rent, or a right of way.

HEREDITARILY He*red"i*ta*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: By inheritance; in an hereditary manner. Pope.

HEREDITARY He*red"i*ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. hereditarius, fr. hereditas heirship, inheritance, fr. heres heir: cf. F. héréditaire. See Heir.]

1. Descended, or capable of descending, from an ancestor to an heir at law; received or passing by inheritance, or that must pass by inheritance; as, an hereditary estate or crown.

2. Transmitted, or capable of being transmitted, as a constitutional quality or condition from a parent to a child; as, hereditary pride, bravery, disease.

Syn. — Ancestral; patrimonial; inheritable.

HEREDITY He*red"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. hereditas heirship.] (Biol.)

Defn: Hereditary transmission of the physical and psychical qualities of parents to their offspring; the biological law by which living beings tend to repeat their characteristics in their descendants. See Pangenesis.

HEREFORD Her"e*ford, n.

Defn: One of a breed of cattle originating in Herefordshire, England. The Herefords are good working animals, and their beef-producing quality is excellent.

HEREHENCE Here"hence`, adv.

Defn: From hence. [Obs.]

HEREIN Here*in", adv. Etym: [AS. hrinne.]

Defn: In this. Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit. John xv. 8.

HEREINAFTER Here`in*aft"er, adv.

Defn: In the following part of this (writing, document, speech, and the like).

HEREINBEFORE Here`in*be*fore", adv.

Defn: In the preceding part of this (writing, document, book, etc.).

HEREINTO Here`in*to", adv.

Defn: Into this. Hooker.

HEREMIT; HEREMITE Her"e*mit, Her"e*mite, n. Etym: [See Hermit.]

Defn: A hermit. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

HEREMITICAL Her`e*mit"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a hermit; solitary; secluded from society. Pope.

HEREN Her"en, a.

Defn: Made of hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEREOF Here*of", adv.

Defn: Of this; concerning this; from this; hence. Hereof comes it that Prince Harry is valiant. Shak.

HEREON Here*on", adv.

Defn: On or upon this; hereupon.

HEREOUT Here*out", adv.

Defn: Out of this. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERESIARCH Her"e*si*arch, n. Etym: [L. haeresiarcha, Gr. hérésiarque.]

Defn: A leader in heresy; the chief of a sect of heretics. Bp. Stillingfleet.

HERESIARCHY Her"e*si*arch`y, n.

Defn: A chief or great heresy. [R.] The book itself [the Alcoran] consists of heresiarchies against our blessed Savior. Sir T. Herbert.

HERESIOGRAPHER Her`e*si*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [See Heresiography.]

Defn: One who writes on heresies.

HERESIOGRAPHY Her`e*si*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. hérésiographie.]

Defn: A treatise on heresy.

HERESY Her"e*sy, n.; pl. Heresies. Etym: [OE. heresie, eresie, OF. heresie, iresie, F. hérésie, L. haeresis, Gr.

1. An opinion held in opposition to the established or commonly received doctrine, and tending to promote a division or party, as in politics, literature, philosophy, etc.; — usually, but not necessarily, said in reproach. New opinions Divers and dangerous, which are heresies, And, not reformed, may prove pernicious. Shak. After the study of philosophy began in Greece, and the philosophers, disagreeing amongst themselves, had started many questions . . . because every man took what opinion he pleased, each several opinion was called a heresy; which signified no more than a private opinion, without reference to truth or falsehood. Hobbes.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: Religious opinion opposed to the authorized doctrinal standards of any particular church, especially when tending to promote schism or separation; lack of orthodox or sound belief; rejection of, or erroneous belief in regard to, some fundamental religious doctrine or truth; heterodoxy. Doubts 'mongst divines, and difference of texts, From whence arise diversity of sects, And hateful heresies by God abhor'd. Spenser. Deluded people! that do not consider that the greatest heresy in the world is a wicked life. Tillotson.

3. (Law)

Defn: An offense against Christianity, consisting in a denial of some essential doctrine, which denial is publicly avowed, and obstinately maintained. A second offense is that of heresy, which consists not in a total denial of Christianity, but of some its essential doctrines, publicly and obstinately avowed. Blackstone.

Note: "When I call dueling, and similar aberrations of honor, a moral heresy, I refer to the force of the Greek Coleridge.

HERETIC Her"e*tic, n. Etym: [L. haereticus, Gr. hérétique. See Heresy.]

1. One who holds to a heresy; one who believes some doctrine contrary to the established faith or prevailing religion. A man that is an heretic, after the first and second admonition, reject. Titus iii. 10.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: One who having made a profession of Christian belief, deliberately and pertinaciously refuses to believe one or more of the articles of faith "determined by the authority of the universal church." Addis & Arnold.

Syn. — Heretic, Schismatic, Sectarian. A heretic is one whose errors are doctrinal, and usually of a malignant character, tending to subvert the true faith. A schismatic is one who creates a schism, or division in the church, on points of faith, discipline, practice, etc., usually for the sake of personal aggrandizement. A sectarian is one who originates or is an ardent adherent and advocate of a sect, or distinct organization, which separates from the main body of believers.

HERETICAL He*ret"i*cal, a.

Defn: Containing heresy; of the nature of, or characterized by, heresy.

HERETICALLY He*ret"i*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: In an heretical manner.

HERETICATE He*ret"i*cate, v. t. Etym: [LL. haereticatus, p. p. of haereticare.]

Defn: To decide to be heresy or a heretic; to denounce as a heretic or heretical. Bp. Hall. And let no one be minded, on the score of my neoterism, to hereticate me. Fitzed. Hall.

HERETIFICATION He*ret`i*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The act of hereticating or pronouncing heretical. London Times.

HERETO Here*to", adv.

Defn: To this; hereunto. Hooker.

HERETOCH; HERETOG Her"e*toch, Her"e*tog, n. Etym: [AS. heretoga, heretoha; here army + teón to draw, lead; akin to OS. heritogo, OHG. herizogo, G. herzog duke.] (AS. Antiq.)

Defn: The leader or commander of an army; also, a marshal. Blackstone.

HERETOFORE Here`to*fore", adv.

Defn: Up to this time; hitherto; before; in time past. Shak.

HEREUNTO Here`un*to", adv.

Defn: Unto this; up to this time; hereto.

HEREUPON Here`up*on", adv.

Defn: On this; hereon.

HEREWITH Here*with", adv.

Defn: With this.

HERIE Her"ie, v. t. Etym: [See Hery.]

Defn: To praise; to worship. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERIOT Her"i*ot, n. Etym: [AS. heregeatu military equipment, heriot; here army + geatwe, pl., arms, equipments.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: Formerly, a payment or tribute of arms or military accouterments, or the best beast, or chattel, due to the lord on the death of a tenant; in modern use, a customary tribute of goods or chattels to the lord of the fee, paid on the decease of a tenant. Blackstone. Bouvier. Heriot custom, a heriot depending on usage. — Heriot service (Law), a heriot due by reservation in a grant or lease of lands. Spelman. Blackstone.

HERIOTABLE Her"i*ot*a*ble, a.

Defn: Subject to the payment of a heriot. Burn.

HERISSON Her"is*son, n. Etym: [F. hérisson, prop., hedgehog.] (fort.)

Defn: A beam or bar armed with iron spikes, and turning on a pivot; - - used to block up a passage.

HERITABILITY Her`it*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being heritable.

HERITABLE Her"it*a*ble, a. Etym: [OF. héritable. See Heritage, Hereditable.]

1. Capable of being inherited or of passing by inheritance; inheritable.

2. Capable of inheriting or receiving by inheritance. This son shall be legitimate and heritable. Sir M. Hale. Heritable rights (Scots Law), rights of the heir; rights to land or whatever may be intimately connected with land; realty. Jacob (Law Dict.).

HERITAGE Her"it*age, a. Etym: [OE. heritage, eritage, OF. heritage, eritage, F. héritage, fr. hériter to inherit, LL. heriditare. See Hereditable.]

1. That which is inherited, or passes from heir to heir; inheritance. Part of my heritage, Which my dead father did bequeath to me. Shak.

2. (Script.)

Defn: A possession; the Israelites, as God's chosen people; also, a flock under pastoral charge. Joel iii. 2. 1 Peter v. 3.

HERITANCE Her"it*ance, n. Etym: [OF. heritance.]

Defn: Heritage; inheritance. [R.] Robbing their children of the heritance Their fathers handed down Southey.

HERITOR Her"it*or, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. her, fr. L. heres an heir.]

Defn: A proprietor or landholder in a parish. [Scot.]

HERL Herl, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Harl, 2.

HERLING; HIRLING Her"ling, Hir"ling (, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The young of the sea trout. [Prov. Eng.]

HERMA Her"ma, n.; pl. Hermæ. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Hermes,

2.

HERMAPHRODEITY Her*maph`ro*de"i*ty, n.

Defn: Hermaphrodism. B. Jonson.

HERMAPHRODISM Her*maph"ro*dism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hermaphrodisme.] (Biol.)

Defn: See Hermaphroditism.

HERMAPHRODITE Her*maph"ro*dite, n. Etym: [L. hermaphroditus, Gr. Hermaphroditus, son of Hermes and Aphrodite, when bathing, became joined in one body with Salmacis, the nymph of a fountain in Caria: cf. F. hermaphrodite.] (Biol.)

Defn: An individual which has the attributes of both male and female, or which unites in itself the two sexes; an animal or plant having the parts of generation of both sexes, as when a flower contains both the stamens and pistil within the same calyx, or on the same receptacle. In some cases reproduction may take place without the union of the distinct individuals. In the animal kingdom true hermaphrodites are found only among the invertebrates. See Illust. in Appendix, under Helminths.

HERMAPHRODITE Her*maph"ro*dite, a.

Defn: Including, or being of, both sexes; as, an hermaphrodite animal or flower. Hermaphrodite brig. (Naut.) See under Brig. Totten.

HERMAPHRODITIC; HERMAPHRODITICAL Her*maph`ro*dit"ic, Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Partaking of the characteristics of both sexes; characterized by hermaphroditism. — Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al*ly, adv.

HERMAPHRODITISM Her*maph"ro*dit*ism, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The union of the two sexes in the same individual, or the combination of some of their characteristics or organs in one individual.

HERMENEUTIC; HERMENEUTICAL Her`me*neu"tic, Her`me*neu"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. herméneutique.]

Defn: Unfolding the signification; of or pertaining to interpretation; exegetical; explanatory; as, hermeneutic theology, or the art of expounding the Scriptures; a hermeneutic phrase.

HERMENEUTICALLY Her`me*neu"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: According to the principles of interpretation; as, a verse of Scripture was examined hermeneutically.

HERMENEUTICS Her`me*neu"tics, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The science of interpretation and explanation; exegesis; esp., that branch of theology which defines the laws whereby the meaning of the Scriptures is to be ascertained. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

HERMES Her"mes, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Myth.)

Defn: See Mercury.

Note: Hermes Trismegistus Etym: [Gr. 'Ermh^s trisme`gistos, lit., Hermes thrice greatest] was a late name of Hermes, especially as identified with the Egyptian god Thoth. He was the fabled inventor of astrology and alchemy.

2. (Archæology)

Defn: Originally, a boundary stone dedicated to Hermes as the god of boundaries, and therefore bearing in some cases a head, or head and shoulders, placed upon a quadrangular pillar whose height is that of the body belonging to the head, sometimes having feet or other parts of the body sculptured upon it. These figures, though often representing Hermes, were used for other divinities, and even, in later times, for portraits of human beings. Called also herma. See Terminal statue, under Terminal.

HERMETIC; HERMETICAL Her*met"ic, Her*met"ic*al, a. Etym: [F. hermétique. See Note under Hermes, 1.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or taught by, Hermes Trismegistus; as, hermetic philosophy. Hence: Alchemical; chemic. "Delusions of the hermetic art." Burke. The alchemists, as the people were called who tried to make gold, considered themselves followers of Hermes, and often called themselves Hermetic philosophers. A. B. Buckley.

2. Of or pertaining to the system which explains the causes of diseases and the operations of medicine on the principles of the hermetic philosophy, and which made much use, as a remedy, of an alkali and an acid; as, hermetic medicine.

3. Made perfectly close or air-tight by fusion, so that no gas or spirit can enter or escape; as, an hermetic seal. See Note under Hermetically. Hermetic art, alchemy. — Hermetic books. (a) Books of the Egyptians, which treat of astrology. (b) Books which treat of universal principles, of the nature and orders of celestial beings, of medicine, and other topics.

HERMETICALLY Her*met"ic*al*ly, adv.

1. In an hermetical manner; chemically. Boyle.

2. By fusion, so as to form an air-tight closure.

Note: A vessel or tube is hermetically sealed when it is closed completely against the passage of air or other fluid by fusing the extremity; — sometimes less properly applied to any air-tight closure.

HERMIT Her"mit, n. Etym: [OE. ermite, eremite, heremit, heremite, F. hermite, ermite, L. eremita, Gr. Eremite.]

1. A person who retires from society and lives in solitude; a recluse; an anchoret; especially, one who so lives from religious motives. He had been Duke of Savoy, and after a very glorious reign, took on him the habit of a hermit, and retired into this solitary spot. Addison.

2. A beadsman; one bound to pray for another. [Obs.] "We rest your hermits." Shak. Hermit crab (Zoöl.), a marine decapod crustacean of the family Paguridæ. The species are numerous, and belong to many genera. Called also soldier crab. The hermit crabs usually occupy the dead shells of various univalve mollusks. See Illust. of Commensal. — Hermit thrush (Zoöl.), an American thrush (Turdus Pallasii), with retiring habits, but having a sweet song. — Hermit warbler (Zoöl.), a California wood warbler (Dendroica occidentalis), having the head yellow, the throat black, and the back gray, with black streaks.

HERMITAGE Her"mit*age (; 48), n. Etym: [OE. hermitage, ermitage, F. hermitage, ermitage. See Hermit.]

1. The habitation of a hermit; a secluded residence. Some forlorn and naked hermitage, Remote from all the pleasures of the world. Shak.

2. Etym: [F. Vin de l'Hermitage.]

Defn: A celebrated French wine, both white and red, of the Department of Drôme.

HERMITARY Her"mit*a*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. hermitorium, eremitorium.]

Defn: A cell annexed to an abbey, for the use of a hermit. Howell.

HERMITESS Her"mit*ess, n.

Defn: A female hermit. Coleridge.

HERMITICAL Her*mit"i*cal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or suited for, a hermit. Coventry.

HERMODACTYL Her`mo*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [NL. hermodactylus, lit., Hermes' finger; fr. Gr. (med.)

Defn: A heart-shaped bulbous root, about the size of a finger, brought from Turkey, formerly used as a cathartic.

HERMOGENIAN Her`mo*ge"ni*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A disciple of Hermogenes, and heretical teacher who lived in Africa near the close of the second century. He ha

HERN Hern, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A heron; esp., the common European heron. "A stately hern." Trench.

HERNANI Her*na"ni, n.

Defn: A thin silk or woolen goods, for women's dresses, woven in various styles and colors.

HERNE Herne, n. Etym: [AS. hyrne.]

Defn: A corner. [Obs.] Lurking in hernes and in lanes blind. Chaucer.

HERNIA Her"ni*a, n.; pl. E. Hernias, L. Herniæ. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: A protrusion, consisting of an organ or part which has escaped from its natural cavity, and projects through some natural or accidental opening in the walls of the latter; as, hernia of the brain, of the lung, or of the bowels. Hernia of the abdominal viscera in most common. Called also rupture. Strangulated hernia, a hernia so tightly compressed in some part of the channel through which it has been protruded as to arrest its circulation, and produce swelling of the protruded part. It may occur in recent or chronic hernia, but is more common in the latter.

HERNIAL Her"ni*al, a.

Defn: Of, or connected with, hernia.

HERNIOTOMY Her`ni*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Hernia + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutting for the cure or relief of hernia; celotomy.

HERNSHAW Hern"shaw, n.

Defn: Heronshaw. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERO He"ro, n.; pl. Heroes. Etym: [F. héros, L. heros, Gr.

1. (Myth.)

Defn: An illustrious man, supposed to be exalted, after death, to a place among the gods; a demigod, as Hercules.

2. A man of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or fortitude in suffering; a prominent or central personage in any remarkable action or event; hence, a great or illustrious person. Each man is a hero and oracle to somebody. Emerson.

3. The principal personage in a poem, story, and the like, or the person who has the principal share in the transactions related; as Achilles in the Iliad, Ulysses in the Odyssey, and Æneas in the Æneid. The shining quality of an epic hero. Dryden. Hero worship, extravagant admiration for great men, likened to the ancient worship of heroes. Hero worship exists, has existed, and will forever exist, universally among mankind. Carlyle.

HERODIAN He*ro"di*an, n. (Jewish Hist.)

Defn: One of a party among the Jews, composed of partisans of Herod of Galilee. They joined with the Pharisees against Christ.

HERODIONES He*ro`di*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of wading birds, including the herons, storks, and allied forms. Called also Herodii. — He*ro`di*o"nine, a.

HEROESS He"ro*ess, n.

Defn: A heroine. [Obs.] Dryden.

HEROIC He*ro"ic, a. Etym: [F. héroïque, L. heroïcus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to, or like, a hero; of the nature of heroes; distinguished by the existence of heroes; as, the heroic age; an heroic people; heroic valor.

2. Worthy of a hero; bold; daring; brave; illustrious; as, heroic action; heroic enterprises.

3. (Sculpture & Painting)

Defn: Larger than life size, but smaller than colossal; — said of the representation of a human figure. Heroic Age, the age when the heroes, or those called the children of the gods, are supposed to have lived. — Heroic poetry, that which celebrates the deeds of a hero; epic poetry. — Heroic treatment or remedies (Med.), treatment or remedies of a severe character, suited to a desperate case. — Heroic verse (Pros.), the verse of heroic or epic poetry, being in English, German, and Italian the iambic of ten syllables; in French the iambic of twelve syllables; and in classic poetry the hexameter.

Syn. — Brave; intrepid; courageous; daring; valiant; bold; gallant; fearless; enterprising; noble; magnanimous; illustrious.

HEROICAL He*ro"ic*al, a.

Defn: Heroic. [R.] Spectator. — He*ro"ic*al*ly, adv. — He*ro"ic*al*ness, n.

HEROICNESS He*ro"ic*ness, n.

Defn: Heroism. [R.] W. Montagu.

HEROICOMIC; HEROICOMICAL He`ro*i*com"ic, He`ro*i*com"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. héroïcomigue. See Heroic, and Comic.]

Defn: Combining the heroic and the ludicrous; denoting high burlesque; as, a heroicomic poem.

HEROINE Her"o*ine, n. Etym: [F. héroïne, L. heroina, Gr. Hero.]

1. A woman of an heroic spirit. The heroine assumed the woman's place. Dryden.

2. The principal female person who figures in a remarkable action, or as the subject of a poem or story.

HEROISM Her"o*ism, n. Etym: [F. héroïsme.]

Defn: The qualities characteristic of a hero, as courage, bravery, fortitude, unselfishness, etc.; the display of such qualities. Heroism is the self-devotion of genius manifesting itself in action. Hare.

Syn. — Heroism, Courage, Fortitude, Bravery, Valor, Intrepidity, Gallantry. Courage is generic, denoting fearlessness or defiance of danger; fortitude is passive courage, the habit of bearing up nobly under trials, danger, and sufferings; bravery is courage displayed in daring acts; valor is courage in battle or other conflicts with living opponents; intrepidity is firm courage, which shrinks not amid the most appalling dangers; gallantry is adventurous courage, dashing into the thickest of the fight. Heroism may call into exercise all these modifications of courage. It is a contempt of danger, not from ignorance or inconsiderate levity, but from a noble devotion to some great cause, and a just confidence of being able to meet danger in the spirit of such a cause. Cf. Courage.

HEROLOGIST; HEROELOGIST He`röl"o*gist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who treats of heroes. [R.] T. Warton.

HERON Her"on, n. Etym: [OE. heiroun, heroun, heron, hern, OF. hairon, F. héron, OHG. heigir; cf. Icel. hegri, Dan. heire, Sw. häger, and also G. häher jay, jackdaw, OHG. hehara, higere, woodpecker, magpie, D. reiger heron, G. reiher, AS. hragra. Cf. Aigret, Egret.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any wading bird of the genus Ardea and allied genera, of the family Ardeidæ. The herons have a long, sharp bill, and long legs and toes, with the claw of the middle toe toothed. The common European heron (Ardea cinerea) is remarkable for its directly ascending flight, and was formerly hunted with the larger falcons.

Note: There are several common American species; as, the great blue heron (Ardea herodias); the little blue (A. coerulea); the green (A. virescens); the snowy (A. candidissima); the night heron or qua-bird (Nycticorax nycticorax). The plumed herons are called egrets. Heron's bill (Bot.), a plant of the genus Erodium; — so called from the fancied resemblance of the fruit to the head and beak of the heron.

HERONER Her"on*er, n.

Defn: A hawk used in hunting the heron. "Heroner and falcon." Chaucer.

HERONRY Her"on*ry, n.

Defn: A place where herons breed.

HERONSEW Her"on*sew, n.

Defn: A heronshaw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERONSHAW Her"on*shaw, n. Etym: [OF. heroncel, dim. of héron. See Heron.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A heron. [Written variously hernshaw, harnsey, etc.]

HEROSHIP He"ro*ship, n.

Defn: The character or personality of a hero. "Three years of heroship." Cowper.

HERPES Her"pes, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An eruption of the skin, taking various names, according to its form, or the part affected; especially, an eruption of vesicles in small distinct clusters, accompanied with itching or tingling, including shingles, ringworm, and the like; — so called from its tendency to creep or spread from one part of the skin to another.

HERPETIC Her*pet"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. herpétique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the herpes; partaking of the nature of herpes; as, herpetic eruptions.

HERPETISM Her"pe*tism, n. Etym: [See Herpes.] (Med.)

Defn: See Dartrous diathesis, under Dartrous.

HERPETOLOGIC; HERPETOLOGICAL Her*pet`o*log"ic, Her*pet`o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to herpetology.

HERPETOLOGIST Her`pe*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in herpetology, or the natural history of reptiles.

HERPETOLOGY Her`pe*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Written also, but less properly, erpetology.] Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. herpétologie.]

Defn: The natural history of reptiles; that branch of zoölogy which relates to reptiles, including their structure, classification, and habits.

HERPETOTOMIST Her`pe*tot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who dissects, or studies the anatomy of, reptiles.

HERPETOTOMY Her`pe*tot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The anatomy or dissection of reptiles.

HERR Herr, n.

Defn: A title of respect given to gentlemen in Germany, equivalent to the English Mister.

HERRENHAUS Her"ren*haus`, n. [G., House of Lords.]

Defn: See Legislature, Austria, Prussia.

HERRING Her"ring, n. Etym: [OE. hering, AS. hæring; akin to D. haring, G. häring, hering, OHG. haring, hering, and prob. to AS. here army, and so called because they commonly move in large numbers. Cf. Harry.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of various species of fishes of the genus Clupea, and allied genera, esp. the common round or English herring (C. harengus) of the North Atlantic. Herrings move in vast schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and America, where they are salted and smoked in great quantities. Herring gull (Zoöl.), a large gull which feeds in part upon herrings; esp., Larus argentatus in America, and L. cachinnans in England. See Gull. — Herring hog (Zoöl.), the common porpoise. — King of the herrings. (Zoöl.) (a) The chimæra (C. monstrosa) which follows the schools of herring. See Chimæra. (b) The opah.

HERRINGBONE Her"ring*bone", a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or like, the spine of a herring; especially, characterized by an arrangement of work in rows of parallel lines, which in the alternate rows slope in different directions. Herringbone stitch, a kind of cross-stitch in needlework, chiefly used in flannel. Simmonds.

HERRNHUTER Herrn"hut*er, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of the Moravians; — so called from the settlement of Herrnhut (the Lord's watch) made, about 1722, by the Moravians at the invitation of Nicholas Lewis, count of Zinzendorf, upon his estate in the circle of Bautzen.

HERS Hers, pron.

Defn: See the Note under Her, pr.

HERSAL Her"sal, n.

Defn: Rehearsal. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERSCHEL Her"schel, n. (Astron.)

Defn: See Uranus.

HERSCHELIAN Her*sche"li*an, a.

Defn: Of or relating to Sir William Herschel; as, the Herschelian telescope.

HERSE Herse, n. Etym: [F. herse harrow, portcullis, OF. herce, LL. hercia, L. hirpex, gen. hirpicis, and irpex, gen. irpicis, harrow. The LL. hercia signifies also a kind of candlestick in the form of a harrow, having branches filled with lights, and placed at the head of graves or cenotaphs; whence herse came to be used for the grave, coffin, or chest containing the dead. Cf. Hearse.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A kind of gate or portcullis, having iron bars, like a harrow, studded with iron spikes. It is hung above gateways so that it may be quickly lowered, to impede the advance of an enemy. Farrow.

2. See Hearse, a carriage for the dead.

3. A funeral ceremonial. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERSE Herse, v. t.

Defn: Same as Hearse, v. t. Chapman.

HERSELF Her*self", pron.

1. An emphasized form of the third person feminine pronoun; — used as a subject with she; as, she herself will bear the blame; also used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, it is herself; she blames herself.

2. Her own proper, true, or real character; hence, her right, or sane, mind; as, the woman was deranged, but she is now herself again; she has come to herself. By herself, alone; apart; unaccompanied.

HERSILLON Her"sil*lon, n. Etym: [F., fr. herse a harrow. See Herse, n.] (Fort.)

Defn: A beam with projecting spikes, used to make a breach impassable.

HERT Hert, n.

Defn: A hart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERTE Her"te, n.

Defn: A heart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERTELY Her"te*ly, a. & adv.

Defn: Hearty; heartily. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERTZIAN Hertz"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pert. to the German physicist Heinrich Hertz.

Hertzian telegraphy, telegraphy by means of the Hertzian waves; wireless telegraphy. — H. waves, electric waves; — so called because Hertz was the first to investigate them systematically. His apparatus consisted essentially in an oscillator for producing the waves, and a resonator for detecting them. The waves were found to have the same velocity as light, and to undergo reflection, refraction, and polarization.

HERY Her"y, v. t. Etym: [AS. herian.]

Defn: To worship; to glorify; to praise. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

HERZOG Her"zog, n. [G., akin to AS. heretoga, lit., army leader. See Harry, and Duke.]

Defn: A member of the highest rank of nobility in Germany and Austria, corresponding to the British duke.

HESITANCY Hes"i*tan*cy, n. Etym: [L. haesitantia a stammering.]

1. The act of hesitating, or pausing to consider; slowness in deciding; vacillation; also, the manner of one who hesitates.

2. A stammering; a faltering in speech.

HESITANT Hes"i*tant, a. Etym: [L. haesitans, p. pr. of haesitare: cf. F. hésitant. See Hesitate.]

1. Not prompt in deciding or acting; hesitating.

2. Unready in speech. Baxter.

HESITANTLY Hes"i*tant*ly, adv.

Defn: With hesitancy or doubt.

HESITATE Hes"i*tate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hesitated; p. pr. & vb. n. Hesitating.] Etym: [L. haesitatus, p. p. of haesitare, intens. fr. haerere to hesitate, stick fast; to hang or hold fast. Cf. Aghast, Gaze, Adhere.]

1. To stop or pause respecting decision or action; to be in suspense or uncertainty as to a determination; as, he hesitated whether to accept the offer or not; men often hesitate in forming a judgment. Pope.

2. To stammer; to falter in speaking.

Syn. — To doubt; waver; scruple; deliberate; demur; falter; stammer.

HESITATE Hes"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To utter with hesitation or to intimate by a reluctant manner. [Poetic & R.] Just hint a fault, and hesitate dislike. Pope.

HESITATINGLY Hes"i*ta`ting*ly, adv.

Defn: With hesitation or doubt.

HESITATION Hes`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. haesitatio: cf. F. hésitation.]

1. The act of hesitating; suspension of opinion or action; doubt; vacillation.

2. A faltering in speech; stammering. Swift.

HESITATIVE Hes"i*ta*tive, a.

Defn: Showing, or characterized by, hesitation. [He said] in his mild, hesitative way. R. D. Blackmore.

HESITATORY Hes"i*ta*to*ry, a.

Defn: Hesitating. R. North.

HESP Hesp, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. hespa a hasp, a wisp or skein. See Hasp.]

Defn: A measure of two hanks of linen thread. [Scot.] [Written also hasp.] Knight.

HESPER Hes"per, n. Etym: [See Hesperian.]

Defn: The evening; Hesperus.

HESPERETIN Hes*per"e*tin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline substance having a sweetish taste, obtained by the decomposition of hesperidin, and regarded as a complex derivative of caffeic acid.

HESPERIAN Hes*pe"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. hesperius, fr. hesperus the evening star, Gr. Vesper.]

Defn: Western; being in the west; occidental. [Poetic] Milton.

HESPERIAN Hes*pe"ri*an, n.

Defn: A native or an inhabitant of a western country. [Poetic] J. Barlow.

HESPERIAN Hes*pe"ri*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a family of butterflies called Hesperidæ, or skippers. — n.

Defn: Any one of the numerous species of Hesperidæ; a skipper.

HESPERID Hes"per*id, a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as 3d Hesperian.

HESPERIDENE Hes*per"i*dene, n. Etym: [See Hesperidium.] (Chem.)

Defn: An isomeric variety of terpene from orange oil.

HESPERIDES Hes*per"i*des, n. pl. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The daughters of Hesperus, or Night (brother of Atlas), and fabled possessors of a garden producing golden apples, in Africa, at the western extremity of the known world. To slay the guarding dragon and get some of these apples was one of the labors of Hercules. Called also Atlantides.

2. The garden producing the golden apples. It not love a Hercules, Still climbing trees in the Hesperides Shak.

HESPERIDIN Hes*per"i*din, n. Etym: [See Hesperidium.] (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside found in ripe and unripe fruit (as the orange), and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

HESPERIDIUM Hes`pe*rid"i*um, n. Etym: [NL. So called in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides. See Hesperides.] (Bot.)

Defn: A large berry with a thick rind, as a lemon or an orange.

HESPERORNIS Hes`pe*ror"nis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of large, extinct, wingless birds from the Cretaceous deposits of Kansas, belonging to the Odontornithes. They had teeth, and were essentially carnivorous swimming ostriches. Several species are known. See Illust. in Append.

HESPERUS Hes"pe*rus, n. Etym: [L. See Hesper.]

1. Venus when she is the evening star; Hesper.

2. Evening. [Poetic] The Sun was sunk, and after him the Star Of Hesperus. Milton.

HESSIAN Hes"sian, a.

Defn: Of or relating to Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians. Hessian boots, or Hessians, boot of a kind worn in England, in the early part of the nineteenth century, tasseled in front. Thackeray. — Hessian cloth, or Hessians, a coarse hempen cloth for sacking. — Hessian crucible. See under Crucible. — Hessian fly (Zoöl.), a small dipterous fly or midge (Cecidomyia destructor). Its larvæ live between the base of the lower leaves and the stalk of wheat, and are very destructive to young wheat; — so called from the erroneous idea that it was brought into America by the Hessian troops, during the Revolution.

HESSIAN Hes"sian, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Hesse.

2. A mercenary or venal person. [U. S.]

Note: This use is a relic of the patriot hatred of the Hessian mercenaries who served with the British troops in the Revolutionary War.

3. pl.

Defn: See Hessian boots and cloth, under Hessian, a.

HESSITE Hess"ite, n. Etym: [After H. Hess.] (Min.)

Defn: A lead-gray sectile mineral. It is a telluride of silver.

HEST Hest, n. Etym: [AS. hs, fr. h to call, bid. See Hight, and cf. Behest.]

Defn: Command; precept; injunction. [Archaic] See Behest. "At thy hest." Shak. Let him that yields obey the victor's hest. Fairfax. Yet I thy hest will all perform, at full. Tennyson.

HESTERN; HESTERNAL Hes"tern, Hes*ter"nal, a. Etym: [L. hesternus; akin to heri yesterday.]

Defn: Pertaining to yesterday. [Obs.] See Yester, a. Ld. Lytton.

HESYCHAST Hes"y*chast, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One of a mystical sect of the Greek Church in the fourteenth century; a quietist. Brande & C.

HETAERA; HETAIRA He*tæ"ra, He*tai"ra, n.; pl. -ræ (#). [NL. See Hetairism.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A female paramour; a mistress, concubine, or harlot. — He*tæ"ric, He*tai"ric (#), a.

HETAIRISM; HETARISM He*tair"ism, Het"a*rism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A supposed primitive state of society, in which all the women of a tribe were held in common. H. Spencer. — Het`a*ris"tic, a.

HETCHEL Hetch"el, v. t.

Defn: Same as Hatchel.

HETE Hete, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Hete, later Het.]

Defn: Variant of Hote. [Obs.] But one avow to greate God I hete. Chaucer.

HETERACANTH Het"er*a*canth, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the spines of the dorsal fin unsymmetrical, or thickened alternately on the right and left sides.

HETERARCHY Het"er*arch`y, n. Etym: [Hetero- + -archy.]

Defn: The government of an alien. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

HETERAUXESIS Het`e*raux*e"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Unequal growth of a cell, or of a part of a plant.

HETERO- Het"er*o-. Etym: [Gr. "e`teros other.]

Defn: A combining form signifying other, other than usual, different; as, heteroclite, heterodox, heterogamous.

HETEROCARPISM Het`er*o*car"pism, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The power of producing two kinds of reproductive bodies, as in Amphicarpæa, in which besides the usual pods, there are others underground.

HETEROCARPOUS Het`er*o*car"pous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Characterized by heterocarpism.

HETEROCEPHALOUS Het`e*ro*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing two kinds of heads or capitula; — said of certain composite plants.

HETEROCERA Het`e*roc"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Lepidoptera, including the moths, and hawk moths, which have the antennæ variable in form.

HETEROCERCAL Het`er*o*cer"cal, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the vertebral column evidently continued into the upper lobe of the tail, which is usually longer than the lower one, as in sharks.

HETEROCERCY Het"er*o*cer`cy, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (anat.)

Defn: Unequal development of the tail lobes of fishes; the possession of a heterocercal tail.

HETEROCHROMOUS Het`er*o*chro"mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (bot.)

Defn: Having the central florets of a flower head of a different color from those of the circumference.

HETEROCHRONISM; HETEROCHRONY Het`er*och"ro*nism, Het`er*och"ro*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: In evolution, a deviation from the typical sequence in the formation of organs or parts.

HETEROCLITE Het"er*o*clite, a. Etym: [L. heteroclitus, Gr. hétéroclite.]

Defn: Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.

HETEROCLITE Het"er*o*clite, n.

1. (Gram.)

Defn: A word which is irregular or anomalous either in declension or conjugation, or which deviates from ordinary forms of inflection in words of a like kind; especially, a noun which is irregular in declension.

2. Any thing or person deviating from the common rule, or from common forms. Howell.

HETEROCLITIC; HETEROCLITICAL Het`er*o*clit"ic, Het`er*o*clit"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Heteroclite.]

Defn: Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.

HETEROCLITOUS Het`er*oc"li*tous, a.

Defn: Heteroclitic. [Obs.]

HETEROCYST Het"er*o*cyst, n. Etym: [Hetero- + cyst.] (Bot.)

Defn: A cell larger than the others, and of different appearance, occurring in certain algæ related to nostoc.

HETERODACTYL Het`er*o*dac"tyl, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Heterodactylous. — n.

Defn: One of the Heterodactylæ.

HETERODACTYLAE Het`e*ro*dac"ty*læ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of birds including the trogons.

HETERODACTYLOUS Het`er*o*dac"tyl*ous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the first and second toes turned backward, as in the trogons.

HETERODONT Het"er*o*dont, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the teeth differentiated into incisors, canines, and molars, as in man; — opposed to homodont.

HETERODONT Het"er*o*dont, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any animal with heterodont dentition.

HETERODOX Het"er*o*dox, a. Etym: [Gr. hétérodoxe.]

1. Contrary to, or differing from, some acknowledged standard, as the Bible, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, and the like; not orthodox; heretical; — said of opinions, doctrines, books, etc., esp. upon theological subjects. Raw and indigested, heterodox, preaching. Strype.

2. Holding heterodox opinions, or doctrines not orthodox; heretical; — said of persons. Macaulay. — Het"er*o*dox`ly, adv. — Het"er*o*dox`ness, n.

HETERODOX Het"er*o*dox, n.

Defn: An opinion opposed to some accepted standard. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

HETERODOXAL Het"er*o*dox`al, a.

Defn: Not orthodox. Howell.

HETERODOXY Het"er*o*dox`y, n. Etym: [Gr. hétérodoxie.]

Defn: An opinion or doctrine, or a system of doctrines, contrary to some established standard of faith, as the Scriptures, the creed or standards of a church, etc.; heresy. Bp. Bull.

HETERODROMOUS Het`er*od"ro*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Having spirals of changing direction. Gray.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: Moving in opposite directions; — said of a lever, pulley, etc., in which the resistance and the actuating force are on opposite sides of the fulcrum or axis.

HETEROECIOUS Het`er*o"cious, a. [Hetero- + Gr. house.] (Bot.)

Defn: Passing through the different stages in its life history on an alternation of hosts, as the common wheat-rust fungus (Puccinia graminis), and certain other parasitic fungi; — contrasted with autocious. — Het`er*o"cism (#), n.

HETEROGAMOUS Het`er*og"a*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. ga`mos marriage: cf. F. hétérogame.] (Bot. & Biol.) (a) The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers which differ in regard to stamens and pistils, as in the aster. (b) Characterized by heterogamy.

HETEROGAMY Het`er*og"a*my, n. Etym: [See Heterogamous.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The process of fertilization in plants by an indirect or circuitous method; — opposed to orthogamy.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: That form of alternate generation in which two kinds of sexual generation, or a sexual and a parthenogenetic generation, alternate; — in distinction from metagenesis, where sexual and asexual generations alternate. Claus & Sedgwick.

HETEROGANGLIATE Het`er*o*gan"gli*ate, a. Etym: [Hetero- + gangliate.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Having the ganglia of the nervous system unsymmetrically arranged; — said of certain invertebrate animals.

HETEROGENE Het"er*o*gene, a.

Defn: Heterogenous. [Obs.]

HETEROGENEAL Het`er*o*ge"ne*al, a.

Defn: Heterogeneous.

HETEROGENEITY Het`er*o*ge*ne"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hétérogénéité.]

Defn: The state of being heterogeneous; contrariety. The difference, indeed the heterogeneity, of the two may be felt. Coleridge.

HETEROGENEOUS Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. kin: cf. F. hétérogène.]

Defn: Differing in kind; having unlike qualities; possessed of different characteristics; dissimilar; — opposed to homogeneous, and said of two or more connected objects, or of a conglomerate mass, considered in respect to the parts of which it is made up. — Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ly, adv. — Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ness, n. Heterogeneous nouns (Gram.), nouns having different genders in the singular and plural numbers; as, hic locus, of the masculine gender in the singular, and hi loci and hæc loca, both masculine and neuter in the plural; hoc cælum, neuter in the singular; hi cæli, masculine in the plural. — Heterogeneous quantities (Math.), such quantities as are incapable of being compared together in respect to magnitude, and surfaces and solids. — Heterogeneous surds (Math.), surds having different radical signs.

HETEROGENESIS Het`er*o*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Hetero- + genesis.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Spontaneous generation, so called.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: That method of reproduction in which the successive generations differ from each other, the parent organism producing offspring different in habit and structure from itself, the original form, however, reappearing after one or more generations; — opposed to homogenesis, or gamogenesis.

HETEROGENETIC Het`er*o*ge*net"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to heterogenesis; as, heterogenetic transformations.

HETEROGENIST Het`er*og"e*nist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: One who believes in the theory of spontaneous generation, or heterogenesis. Bastian.

HETEROGENOUS Het`er*og"e*nous, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to heterogenesis; heterogenetic.

HETEROGENY Het`er*og"e*ny, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Heterogenesis.

HETEROGONOUS Het`er*og"o*nous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Characterized by heterogony. — Het`er*og"o*nous*ly, adv.

HETEROGONY Het`er*og"o*ny, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers, different as to the length of their stamens and pistils.

HETEROGRAPHIC Het`er*o*graph"ic, a. Etym: [See Heterography.]

Defn: Employing the same letters to represent different sounds in different words or syllables; — said of methods of spelling; as, the ordinary English orthography is heterographic.

HETEROGRAPHY Het`er*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Hetero- + -graphy.]

Defn: That method of spelling in which the same letters represent different sounds in different words, as in the ordinary English orthography; e. g., g in get and in ginger.

HETEROGYNOUS Het`er*og"y*nous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having females very unlike the males in form and structure; — as certain insects, the males of which are winged, and the females wingless.

HETEROLOGOUS Het`er*ol"o*gous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: Characterized by heterology; consisting of different elements, or of like elements in different proportions; different; — opposed to homologous; as, heterologous organs. Heterologous stimulus. (Physiol.) See under Stimulus. — Heterologous tumor (Med.), a tumor differing in structure from the normal tissues of the body.

HETEROLOGY Het`er*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Hetero- + -logy.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: The absence of correspondence, or relation, in type of structure; lack of analogy between parts, owing to their being composed of different elements, or of like elements in different proportions; variation in structure from the normal form; — opposed to homology.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The connection or relation of bodies which have partial identity of composition, but different characteristics and properties; the relation existing between derivatives of the same substance, or of the analogous members of different series; as, ethane, ethyl alcohol, acetic aldehyde, and acetic acid are in heterology with each other, though each in at the same time a member of a distinct homologous series. Cf. Homology.

HETEROMERA Het`e*rom"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Coleoptera, having heteromerous tarsi.

HETEROMEROUS Het`er*om"er*ous, a. Etym: [See Heteromera.]

1. (Chem & Crystallog.)

Defn: Unrelated in chemical composition, though similar or indentical in certain other respects; as, borax and augite are homoemorphous, but heteromerous.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: With the parts not corresponding in number.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) Having the femoral artery developed as the principal artery of the leg; — said of certain birds, as the cotingas and pipras. (b) Having five tarsal joints in the anterior and middle legs, but only four in the posterior pair, as the blister beetles and oil beetles.

HETEROMORPHIC Het`er*o*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Deviating from the normal, perfect, or mature form; having different forms at different stages of existence, or in different individuals of the same species; — applied especially to insects in which there is a wide difference of form between the larva and the adult, and to plants having more than one form of flower.

HETEROMORPHISM; HETEROMORPHY Het`er*o*mor"phism, Het`er*o*mor"phy, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The state or quality of being heteromorphic.

HETEROMORPHOUS Het`er*o*mor"phous, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Heteromorphic.

HETEROMYARIA Het`e*ro*my*a"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of bivalve shells, including the marine mussels, in which the two adductor muscles are very unequal. See Dreissena, and Illust. under Byssus.

HETERONEREIS Het`e*ro*ne*re"is, n. Etym: [NL. See Hetero-, and Nereis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A free-swimming, dimorphic, sexual form of certain species of Nereis.

Note: In this state the head and its appendages are changed in form, the eyes become very large; more or less of the parapodia are highly modified by the development of finlike lobes, and branchial lamellæ, and their setæ become longer and bladelike.

HETERONOMOUS Het`er*on"o*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. no`mos law.]

Defn: Subject to the law of another. Krauth-Fleming.

HETERONOMY Het`er*on"o*my, n.

1. Subordination or subjection to the law of another; political subjection of a community or state; — opposed to autonomy.

2. (Metaph.)

Defn: A term applied by Kant to those laws which are imposed on us from without, or the violence done to us by our passions, wants, or desires. Krauth-Fleming.

HETERONYM Het"er*o*nym, n.

Defn: That which is heteronymous; a thing having a different name or designation from some other thing; — opposed to homonym.

HETERONYMOUS Het`er*on"y*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. "o`nyma, for "o`noma a name.]

Defn: Having different names or designations; standing in opposite relations. J. Le Conte. — Het"er*on"y*mous*ly, adv.

HETEROOUSIAN Het`er*o*ou`si*an, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: Having different essential qualities; of a different nature.

HETEROOUSIAN Het`er*o*ou"si*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of those Arians who held that the Son was of a different substance from the Father.

HETEROOUSIOUS Het`er*o*ou"si*ous, a.

Defn: See Heteroousian.

HETEROPATHIC Het`er*o*path"ic, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the method of heteropathy; allopathic.

HETEROPATHY Het`er*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [See Heteropathic.] (Med.)

Defn: That mode of treating diseases, by which a morbid condition is removed by inducing an opposite morbid condition to supplant it; allopathy.

HETEROPELMOUS Het`er*o*pel"mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having each of the two flexor tendons of the toes bifid, the branches of one going to the first and second toes; those of the other, to the third and fourth toes. See Illust. in Append.

HETEROPHAGI Het`e*roph"a*gi, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Altrices.

HETEROPHEMIST Het`er*oph"e*mist, n.

Defn: One liable to the fault of heterophemy.

HETEROPHEMY Het`er*oph"e*my, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: The unconscious saying, in speech or in writing, of that which one does not intend to say; — frequently the very reverse of the thought which is present to consciousness. R. G. White.

HETEROPHONY Het`er*oph"o*ny, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An abnormal state of the voice. Mayne.

HETEROPHYLLOUS Het`er*oph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. hétérophylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having leaves of more than one shape on the same plant.

HETEROPLASM Het"er*o*plasm, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: An abnormal formation foreign to the economy, and composed of elements different from those are found in it in its normal condition. Dunglison.

HETEROPLASTIC Het`er*o*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Hetero- + -plastic.] (Biol.)

Defn: Producing a different type of organism; developing into a different form of tissue, as cartilage which develops into bone. Haeckel.

HETEROPOD Het`er*o*pod, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hétéropode.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Heteropoda. — a.

Defn: Heteropodous.

HETEROPODA Het`e*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of pelagic Gastropoda, having the foot developed into a median fin. Some of the species are naked; others, as Carinaria and Atlanta, have thin glassy shells.

HETEROPODOUS Het`er*op"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Heteropoda.

HETEROPTER Het`er*op"ter, n.

Defn: One of the Heteroptera.

HETEROPTERA Het`e*rop"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of Hemiptera, in which the base of the anterior wings is thickened. See Hemiptera.

HETEROPTICS Het`er*op"tics, n. Etym: [Hetero- + optics.]

Defn: False optics. Spectator.

HETEROSCIAN Het`er*os"cian, n. Etym: [Gr. hétéroscien.]

Defn: One who lives either north or south of the tropics, as contrasted with one who lives on the other side of them; — so called because at noon the shadows always fall in opposite directions (the one northward, the other southward).

HETEROSIS Het`e*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, or pronoun, and the like, is used for another, as in the sentence: "What is life to such as me" Aytoun.

HETEROSOMATI Het`e*ro*so"ma*ti, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes, comprising the flounders, halibut, sole, etc., having the body and head asymmetrical, with both eyes on one side. Called also Heterosomata, Heterosomi.

HETEROSPORIC; HETEROSPOROUS Het`er*o*spor"ic, Het`er*o*spor"ous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: Producing two kinds of spores unlike each other.

HETEROSTYLED Het"er*o*styled, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having styles of two or more distinct forms or lengths. Darwin.

HETEROSTYLISM Het`er*o*sty"lism, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of being heterostyled.

HETEROTACTOUS Het`er*o*tac"tous, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to, or characterized by, heterotaxy.

HETEROTAXY Het"er*o*tax`y, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal form; heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the deviation in position of the organs of a plant, from the ordinary or typical arrangement.

HETEROTOPISM; HETEROTOPY Het`er*ot"o*pism, Het`er*ot"o*py, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. hétérotopie.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A deviation from the natural position; — a term applied in the case of organs or growths which are abnormal in situation.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: A deviation from the natural position of parts, supposed to be effected in thousands of years, by the gradual displacement of germ cells.

HETEROTRICHA Het`e*rot"ri*cha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of ciliated Infusoria, having fine cilia all over the body, and a circle of larger ones around the anterior end.

HETEROTROPAL; HETEROTROPOUS Het`er*ot"ro*pal, Het`er*ot"ro*pous (, a. Etym: [Gr. "etero`tropos turning another way; hétérotrope.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the embryo or ovule oblique or transverse to the funiculus; amphitropous. Gray.

HETHING He"thing, n.

Defn: Contempt; scorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HETMAN Het"man, n.; pl. Hetmans. Etym: [Pol. hetman. Cf. Ataman.]

Defn: A Cossack headman or general. The title of chief hetman is now held by the heir to the throne of Russia.

HEUGH Heugh, n. Etym: [Cf. Hogh.]

1. A crag; a cliff; a glen with overhanging sides. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

2. A shaft in a coal pit; a hollow in a quarry. [Scot.]

HEUK Heuk, n.

Defn: Variant of Huke. [Obs.]

HEULANDITE Heu"land*ite, n. Etym: [After Heuland, an English mineralogist.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of the Zeolite family, often occurring in amygdaloid, in foliated masses, and also in monoclinic crystals with pearly luster on the cleavage face. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.

HEURISTIC Heu*ris"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Serving to discover or find out.

HEVED Hev"ed, n.

Defn: The head. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEW Hew, v. t. [imp. Hewed; p. p. Hewed or Hewn (; p. pr. & vb. n. Hewing.] Etym: [AS. heáwan; akin to D. houwen, OHG. houwan, G. hauen, Icel. höggva, Sw. hugga, Dan. hugge, Lith. kova battle, Russ. kovate to hammer, forge. Cf. Hay cut grass, Hoe.]

1. To cut with an ax; to fell with a sharp instrument; — often with down, or off. Shak.

2. To form or shape with a sharp instrument; to cut; hence, to form laboriously; — often with out; as, to hew out a sepulcher. Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn. Is. li. 1. Rather polishing old works than hewing out new. Pope.

3. To cut in pieces; to chop; to hack. Hew them to pieces; hack their bones asunder. Shak.

HEW Hew, n.

Defn: Destruction by cutting down. [Obs.] Of whom he makes such havoc and such hew. Spenser.

HEW Hew, n.

1. Hue; color. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Shape; form. [Obs.] Spenser.

HEWE Hewe, n. Etym: [Cf. Hind a peasant.]

Defn: A domestic servant; a retainer. [Obs.] "False homely hewe." Chaucer.

HEWER Hew"er, n.

Defn: One who hews.

HEWHOLE Hew"hole`, n. Etym: [Cf. Hickwall.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European green woodpecker. See Yaffle.

HEWN Hewn, a.

1. Felled, cut, or shaped as with an ax; roughly squared; as, a house built of hewn logs.

2. Roughly dressed as with a hammer; as, hewn stone.

HEX-; HEXA Hex-, Hex"a. Etym: [Gr. Six.]

Defn: A prefix or combining form, used to denote six, sixth, etc.; as, hexatomic, hexabasic.

HEXABASIC Hex`a*ba"sic, a. Etym: [Hexa- + basic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having six hydrogen atoms or six radicals capable of being replaced or saturated by bases; — said of acids; as, mellitic acid is hexabasic.

HEXACAPSULAR Hex`a*cap"su*lar, a. Etym: [Hexa- + capsular.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six capsules or seed vessels.

HEXACHORD Hex"a*chord, n. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. hexacorde.] (Mus.)

Defn: A series of six notes, with a semitone between the third and fourth, the other intervals being whole tones.

HEXACID Hex`ac"id, a. Etym: [Hex- + acid.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having six atoms or radicals capable of being replaced by acids; hexatomic; hexavalent; — said of bases; as, mannite is a hexacid base.

HEXACTINELLID Hex*ac`ti*nel"lid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having six-rayed spicules; belonging to the Hexactinellinæ.

HEXACTINELLINE Hex*ac`ti*nel"line, a. Etym: [From NL. Hexactinellinæ, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Hexactinellinæ, a group of sponges, having six-rayed siliceous spicules.

HEXACTINIA Hex`ac*tin"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hex-, and Actinia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Anthozoa.

HEXAD Hex"ad, n. Etym: [L. hexas, hexadis, the number six, Gr. (chem.)

Defn: An atom whose valence is six, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, six monad atoms or radicals; as, sulphur is a hexad in sulphuric acid. Also used as an adjective.

HEXADACTYLOUS Hex`a*dac"tyl*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. hexadactyle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having six fingers or toes.

HEXADE Hex"ade, n. Etym: [See Hexad.]

Defn: A series of six numbers.

HEXADECANE Hex"a*dec`ane, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Hecdecane.

HEXAGON Hex"a*gon, n. Etym: [L. hexagonum, Gr. six) + (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure of six angles. Regular hexagon, a hexagon in which the angles are all equal, and the sides are also all equal.

HEXAGONAL Hex*ag"o*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hexagonal.]

Defn: Having six sides and six angles; six-sided. Hexagonal system. (Crystal.) See under Crystallization.

HEXAGONALLY Hex*ag"o*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In an hexagonal manner.

HEXAGONY Hex*ag"o*ny, n.

Defn: A hexagon. [Obs.] Bramhall.

HEXAGRAM Hex"a*gram, n. [Hexa- + -gram.] A figure of six lines; specif.: (a) A figure composed of two equal triangles intersecting so that each side of one triangle is parallel to a side of the other, and the six points coincide with those of a hexagon. (b) In Chinese literature, one of the sixty-four figures formed of six parallel lines (continuous or broken), forming the basis of the Yih King, or "Book of Changes." S. W. Williams.

HEXAGYNIA Hex`a*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hexagynie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants having six pistils.

HEXAGYNIAN; HEXAGYNOUS Hex`a*gyn"i*an, Hex*ag"y*nous (, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hexagyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six pistils.

HEXAHEDRAL Hex`a*he"dral, a.

Defn: In the form of a hexahedron; having six sides or faces.

HEXAHEDRON Hex`a*he"dron, n.; pl. E. Hexahedrons, L. Hexahedra. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. hexaèdre.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid body of six sides or faces. Regular hexahedron, a hexagon having six equal squares for its sides; a cube.

HEXAHEMERON Hex`a*hem"er*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hexaëmeron, Gr.

1. A term of six days. Good.

2. The history of the six day's work of creation, as contained in the first chapter of Genesis.

HEXAMEROUS Hex*am"er*ous, a. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: In six parts; in sixes.

HEXAMETER Hex*am"e*ter, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. hexamètre. See Six, and Meter.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.)

Defn: A verse of six feet, the first four of which may be either dactyls or spondees, the fifth must regularly be a dactyl, and the sixth always a spondee. In this species of verse are composed the Iliad of Homer and the Æneid of Virgil. In English hexameters accent takes the place of quantity. Leaped like the | roe when he | hears in the | woodland the | voice of the | huntsman. Longfellow. Strongly it | bears us a- | long on | swelling and | limitless | billows, Nothing be- | fore and | nothing be- | hind but the | sky and the | ocean. Coleridge.