P P (pe), (continued 23)

Syn. — Youthful; boyish; juvenile; childish; trifling; weak. See Youthful.

PUERILELY Pu"er*ile*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puerile manner; childishly.

PUERILENESS Pu"er*ile*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being puerile; puerility.

PUERILITY Pu`er*il"i*ty, n.; pl. Puerilities. Etym: [L. puerilitas: cf. F. puérilité.]

1. The quality of being puerile; childishness; puerileness. Sir T. Browne.

2. That which is puerile or childish; especially, an expression which is flat, insipid, or silly.

PUERPERAL Pu*er"per*al, a. Etym: [L. puerpera a lying-in woman; puer child + parere to bear: cf. F. puerpéral.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to childbirth; as, a puerperal fever.

PUERPEROUS Pu*er"per*ous, a.

Defn: Bearing children. [R.]

PUET Pu"et, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pewit.

PUFF Puff, n. Etym: [Akin to G. & Sw. puff a blow, Dan. puf, D. pof; of imitative origin. Cf. Buffet.]

1. A sudden and single emission of breath from the mouth; hence, any sudden or short blast of wind; a slight gust; a whiff. " To every puff of wind a slave." Flatman.

2. Anything light and filled with air. Specifically: (a) A puffball. (b) kind of light pastry. (c) A utensil of the toilet for dusting the skin or hair with powder.

3. An exaggerated or empty expression of praise, especially one in a public journal. Puff adder. (Zoöl.) (a) Any South African viper belonging to Clotho and allied genera. They are exceedingly venomous, and have the power of greatly distending their bodies when irritated. The common puff adder (Vipera, or Clotho, arietans) is the largest species, becoming over four feet long. The plumed puff adder (C. cornuta) has a plumelike appendage over each eye. (b) A North American harmless snake (Heterodon platyrrhinos) which has the power of puffing up its body. Called also hog-nose snake, flathead, spreading adder, and blowing adder. Puff bird (Zoöl.), any bird of the genus Bucco, or family Bucconidæ. They are small birds, usually with dull-colored and loose plumage, and have twelve tail feathers. See Barbet (b).

PUFF Puff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Puffing.] Etym: [Akin to G. puffen to pop, buffet, puff, D. poffen to pop, puffen to blow, Sw. puffa to push, to cuff, Dan. puffe to pop, thump. See Puff, n.]

1. To blow in puffs, or with short and sudden whiffs.

2. To blow, as an expression of scorn; — with at. It is really to defy Heaven to puff at damnation. South.

3. To breathe quick and hard, or with puffs, as after violent exertion. The ass comes back again, puffing and blowing, from the chase. L' Estrange.

4. To swell with air; to be dilated or inflated. Boyle.

5. To breathe in a swelling, inflated, or pompous manner; hence, to assume importance. Then came brave Glory puffing by. Herbert.

PUFF Puff, v. t.

1. To drive with a puff, or with puffs. The clearing north will puff the clouds away. Dryden.

2. To repel with words; to blow at contemptuously. I puff the prostitute away. Dryden.

3. To cause to swell or dilate; to inflate; to ruffle with puffs; — often with up; as a bladder puffed with air. The sea puffed up with winds. Shak.

4. To inflate with pride, flattery, self-esteem, or the like; — often with up. Puffed up with military success. Jowett (Thucyd. )

5. To praise with exaggeration; to flatter; to call public attention to by praises; to praise unduly. " Puffed with wonderful skill." Macaulay.

PUFF Puff, a.

Defn: Puffed up; vain. [R.] Fanshawe.

PUFFBALL Puff"ball`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of ball-shaped fungus (Lycoperdon giganteum, and other species of the same genus) full of dustlike spores when ripe; — called also bullfist, bullfice, puckfist, puff, and puffin.

PUFFER Puff"er, n.

1. One who puffs; one who praises with noisy or extravagant commendation.

2. One who is employed by the owner or seller of goods sold at suction to bid up the price; a by-bidder. Bouvier.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) Any plectognath fish which inflates its body, as the species of Tetrodon and Diodon; — called also blower, puff-fish, swellfish, and globefish. (b) The common, or harbor, porpoise.

4. (Dyeing)

Defn: A kier.

PUFFERY Puff"er*y, n.

Defn: The act of puffing; bestowment of extravagant commendation.

PUFFIN Puf"fin, n. Etym: [Akin to puff.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An arctic sea bird Fratercula arctica) allied to the auks, and having a short, thick, swollen beak, whence the name; — called also bottle nose, cockandy, coulterneb, marrot, mormon, pope, and sea parrot.

Note: The name is also applied to other related species, as the horned puffin (F. corniculata), the tufted puffin (Lunda cirrhata), and the razorbill. Manx puffin, the Manx shearwater. See under Manx.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The puffball.

3. A sort of apple. [Obs.] Rider's Dict. (1640).

PUFFINESS Puff"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being puffy.

PUFFING Puff"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from Puff, v. i. & t. Puffing adder. (Zoöl.) Same as Puff adder (b), under Puff. — Puffing pig (Zoöl.), the common porpoise.

PUFFINGLY Puff"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puffing manner; with vehement breathing or shortness of breath; with exaggerated praise.

PUFF-LEG Puff"-leg`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of beautiful humming birds of the genus Eriocnemis having large tufts of downy feathers on the legs.

PUFF-LEGGED Puff"-legged`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a conspicuous tuft of feathers on the legs.

PUFFY Puff"y, a.

1. Swelled with air, or any soft matter; tumid with a soft substance; bloated; fleshy; as, a puffy tumor. " A very stout, puffy man." Thackeray.

2. Hence, inflated; bombastic; as, a puffy style.

PUG Pug, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pugged; p. pr. & vb. n. Pugging.] Etym: [Cf. G. pucken to thump. beat.]

1. To mix and stir when wet, as clay for bricks, pottery, etc.

2. To fill or stop with clay by tamping; to fill in or spread with mortar, as a floor or partition, for the purpose of deadening sound. See Pugging, 2.

PUG Pug, n.

1. Tempered clay; clay moistened and worked so as to be plastic.

2. A pug mill. Pug mill, a kind of mill for grinding and mixing clay, either for brickmaking or the fine arts; a clay mill. It consists essentially of an upright shaft armed with projecting knives, which is caused to revolve in a hollow cylinder, tub, or vat, in which the clay is placed.

PUG Pug, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. puck. See Puck.]

1. An elf, or a hobgoblin; also same as Puck. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. A name for a monkey. [Colloq.] Addison.

3. A name for a fox. [Prov. Eng.] C. Kingsley.

4. An intimate; a crony; a dear one. [Obs.] Lyly.

5. pl.

Defn: Chaff; the refuse of grain. [Obs.] Holland.

6. A prostitute. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

7. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a small breed of pet dogs having a short nose and head; a pug dog.

8. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any geometrid moth of the genus Eupithecia.

PUG-FACED Pug"-faced`, a.

Defn: Having a face like a monkey or a pug; monkey-faced.

PUGGAREE Pug"ga*ree, n.

Defn: Same as Puggry.

PUGGER Pug"ger, v. t.

Defn: To pucker. [Obs.]

PUGGERED Pug"gered, a.

Defn: Puckered. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

PUGGING Pug"ging, n. Etym: [See Pug, v. t.]

1. The act or process of working and tempering clay to make it plastic and of uniform consistency, as for bricks, for pottery, etc.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Mortar or the like, laid between the joists under the boards of a floor, or within a partition, to deaden sound; — in the United States usually called deafening.

PUGGING Pug"ging, a.

Defn: Thieving. [Obs.] Shak.

PUGGRY; PUGGREE Pug"gry, Pug"gree, n. [Written also puggaree, puggeree, etc.] [Hind. pagrsi turban.]

Defn: A light scarf wound around a hat or helmet to protect the head from the sun. [India] Yule.

A blue-gray felt hat with a gold puggaree. Kipling.

PUGH Pugh, interj.

Defn: Pshaw! pish! — a word used in contempt or disdain.

PUGIL Pu"gil, n. Etym: [L. pugillus, pugillum, a handful, akin to pugnus the fist.]

Defn: As much as is taken up between the thumb and two first fingers. [Obs.] Bacon.

PUGILISM Pu"gil*ism, n. Etym: [L. pugil a pugilist, boxer, akin to pugnus the fist. Cf. Pugnacious, Fist.]

Defn: The practice of boxing, or fighting with the fist.

PUGILIST Pu"gil*ist, n. Etym: [L. pugil.]

Defn: One who fights with his fists; esp., a professional prize fighter; a boxer.

PUGILISTIC Pu`gil*is"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to pugillism.

PUGNACIOUS Pug*na"cious, a. Etym: [L. pugnax, -acis, fr. pugnare to fight. Cf. Pugilism, Fist.]

Defn: Disposed to fight; inclined to fighting; quarrelsome; fighting. —Pug*na"cious*ly, adv. — Pug*na"cious*ness, n.

PUGNACITY Pug*nac"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. pugnacitas: cf. F. pugnacité.]

Defn: Inclination or readiness to fight; quarrelsomeness. " A national pugnacity of character." Motley.

PUG NOSE Pug" nose`.

Defn: A short, thick nose; a snubnose. — Pug"-nosed`, a. Pug-nose eel (Zoöl.), a deep-water marine eel (Simenchelys parasiticus) which sometimes burrows into the flesh of the halibut.

PUH Puh, interj.

Defn: The same as Pugh.

PUISNE Puis"ne (pu"ny), a. Etym: [See Puny.]

1. Later in age, time, etc.; subsequent. [Obs.] " A puisne date to eternity." Sir M. Hale.

2. Puny; petty; unskilled. [Obs.]

3. (Law)

Defn: Younger or inferior in rank; junior; associate; as, a chief justice and three puisne justices of the Court of Common Pleas; the puisne barons of the Court of Exchequer. Blackstone.

PUISNE Puis"ne, n.

Defn: One who is younger, or of inferior rank; a junior; esp., a judge of inferior rank. It were not a work for puisnes and novices. Bp. Hall.

PUISNY Puis"ny, a.

Defn: Puisne; younger; inferior; petty; unskilled. [R.] A puisny tilter, that spurs his horse but on one side. Shak.

PUISSANCE Pu"is*sance, n. Etym: [F., fr.puissant. See Puissant, and cf. Potency, Potance, Potence.]

Defn: Power; strength; might; force; potency. " Youths of puissance." Tennyson. The power and puissance of the king. Shak.

Note: In Spenser, Shakespeare, and Milton, puissance and puissant are usually dissyllables.

PUISSANT Pu"is*sant, a. Etym: [F., originally, a p. pr. formed fr. L. posse to be able: cf. L. potens powerful. See Potent.]

Defn: Powerful; strong; mighty; forcible; as, a puissant prince or empire. " Puissant deeds." Milton. Of puissant nations which the world possessed. Spenser. And worldlings in it are less merciful, And more puissant. Mrs. Browning.

PUISSANTLY Pu"is*sant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puissant manner; powerfully; with great strength.

PUISSANTNESS Pu"is*sant*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being puissant; puissance; power.

PUIT Puit, n. Etym: [F. puits, from L. puteus well.]

Defn: A well; a small stream; a fountain; a spring. [Obs.] The puits flowing from the fountain of life. Jer. Taylor.

PUKE Puke, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puked; p. pr. & vb. n. Puking.] Etym: [Cf. G. spucken to spit, and E. spew.]

Defn: To eject the contests of the stomach; to vomit; to spew. The infant Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms. Shak.

PUKE Puke, v. t.

Defn: To eject from the stomach; to vomit up.

PUKE Puke, n.

Defn: A medicine that causes vomiting; an emetic; a vomit.

PUKE Puke, a. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Of a color supposed to be between black and russet. Shak.

Note: This color has by some been regarded as the same with puce; but Nares questions the identity.

PUKER Puk"er, n.

1. One who pukes, vomits.

2. That which causes vomiting. Garth .

PUKKA Puk"ka, a.

Defn: Same as Pucka. [India]

PULAS Pu"las, n. Etym: [Skr. palaça.] (Bot.)

Defn: The East Indian leguminous tree Butea frondosa. See Gum Butea, under Gum. [Written also pales and palasa.]

PULCHRITUDE Pul"chri*tude, n. Etym: [L. pulchritudo, fr. pulcher beautiful.]

1. That quality of appearance which pleases the eye; beauty; comeliness; grace; loveliness. Piercing our heartes with thy pulchritude. Court of Love.

2. Attractive moral excellence; moral beauty. By the pulchritude of their souls make up what is wanting in the beauty of their bodies. Ray.

PULE Pule, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puled; p. pr. & vb. n. Puling.] Etym: [F. piauler; cf. L. pipilare, pipire, to peep, pip, chirp, and E. peep to chirp.]

1. To cry like a chicken. Bacon.

2. To whimper; to whine, as a complaining child. It becometh not such a gallant to whine and pule. Barrow.

PULER Pul"er, n.

Defn: One who pules; one who whines or complains; a weak person.

PULEX Pu"lex, n. Etym: [L., a flea.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of parasitic insects including the fleas. See Flea.

PULICENE Pu"li*cene, a. Etym: [From L. pulex, pulicis, a flea.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or abounding in, fleas; pulicose.

PULICOSE; PULICOUS Pu"li*cose`, Pu"li*cous, a. Etym: [L. pulicosus, from pulex, a flea.]

Defn: Abounding with fleas.

PULING Pul"ing, n.

Defn: A cry, as of a chicken,; a whining or whimpering. Leave this faint puling and lament as I do. Shak.

PULING Pul"ing, a.

Defn: Whimpering; whining; childish.

PULINGLY Pul"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With whining or complaint.

PULKHA Pulk"ha, n.

Defn: A Laplander's traveling sledge. See Sledge.

PULL Pull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pulled; p. pr. & vb. n. Pulling.] Etym: [AS. pullian; cf. LG. pulen, and Gael. peall, piol, spiol.]

1. To draw, or attempt to draw, toward one; to draw forcibly. Ne'er pull your hat upon your brows. Shak. He put forth his hand . . . and pulled her in. Gen. viii. 9.

2. To draw apart; to tear; to rend. He hath turned aside my ways, and pulled me in pieces; he hath made me desolate. Lam. iii. 11.

3. To gather with the hand, or by drawing toward one; to pluck; as, to pull fruit; to pull flax; to pull a finch.

4. To move or operate by the motion of drawing towards one; as, to pull a bell; to pull an oar.

5. (Horse Racing)

Defn: To hold back, and so prevent from winning; as, the favorite was pulled.

6. (Print.)

Defn: To take or make, as a proof or impression; — hand presses being worked by pulling a lever.

7. (Cricket)

Defn: To strike the ball in a particular manner. See Pull, n., 8. Never pull a straight fast ball to leg. R. H. Lyttelton. To pull and haul, to draw hither and thither. " Both are equally pulled and hauled to do that which they are unable to do. " South. — To pull down, to demolish; to destroy; to degrade; as, to pull down a house. " In political affairs, as well as mechanical, it is easier to pull down than build up." Howell. " To raise the wretched, and pull down the proud." Roscommon. To pull a finch. See under Finch. To pull off, take or draw off.

PULL Pull, v. i.

Defn: To exert one's self in an act or motion of drawing or hauling; to tug; as, to pull at a rope. To pull apart, to become separated by pulling; as, a rope will pull apart. — To pull up, to draw the reins; to stop; to halt. To pull through, to come successfully to the end of a difficult undertaking, a dangerous sickness, or the like.

PULL Pull, n.

1. The act of pulling or drawing with force; an effort to move something by drawing toward one. I awakened with a violent pull upon the ring which was fastened at the top of my box. Swift.

2. A contest; a struggle; as, a wrestling pull. Carew.

3. A pluck; loss or violence suffered. [Poetic] Two pulls at once; His lady banished, and a limb lopped off. Shak.

4. A knob, handle, or lever, etc., by which anything is pulled; as, a drawer pull; a bell pull.

5. The act of rowing; as, a pull on the river. [Colloq.]

6. The act of drinking; as, to take a pull at the beer, or the mug. [Slang] Dickens.

7. Something in one's favor in a comparison or a contest; an advantage; means of influencing; as, in weights the favorite had the pull. [Slang]

8. (Cricket)

Defn: A kind of stroke by which a leg ball is sent to the off side, or an off ball to the side. The pull is not a legitimate stroke, but bad cricket. R. A. Proctor.

PULLAIL Pul"lail, n. Etym: [F. poulaille.]

Defn: Poultry. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

PULLBACK Pull"back`, n.

1. That which holds back, or causes to recede; a drawback; a hindrance.

2. (Arch)

Defn: The iron hook fixed to a casement to pull it shut, or to hold it party open at a fixed point.

PULLDEVIL Pull"dev`il, n.

Defn: A number of fishhooks rigidly fastened back to be pulled through the water to catch fish.

PULLED Pulled a.

Defn: Plucked; pilled; moulting. " A pulled hen." Chaucer.

PULLEN Pul"len, n. Etym: [Cf. L. pullinus belonging to young animals. See Pullet.]

Defn: Poultry. [Obs.]

PULLER Pull"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, pulls. Proud setter up and puller down of kings. Shak.

PULLET Pul"let, n. Etym: [OE. polete, OF. polete, F. poulette, dim. of poule a hen, fr. L. pullus a young animal, a young fowl. See Foal, and cf. Poult, Poultry, Pool stake.]

Defn: A young hen, or female of the domestic fowl. Pullet sperm, the treadle of an egg. [Obs.] Shak.

PULLEY Pul"ley, n.; pl. Pulleys. Etym: [F. poulie, perhaps of Teutonic origin (cf. Poll, b. t.); but cf. OE. poleine, polive, pulley, LL. polanus, and F. poulain, properly, a colt, fr. L. pullus young animal, foal (cf. Pullet, Foal). For the change of sense, cf. F. poutre beam, originally, a filly, and E. easel.] (Mach.)

Defn: A wheel with a broad rim, or grooved rim, for transmitting power from, or imparting power to, the different parts of machinery, or for changing the direction of motion, by means of a belt, cord, rope, or chain.

Note: The pulley, as one of the mechanical powers, consists, in its simplest form, of a grooved wheel, called a sheave, turning within a movable frame or block, by means of a cord or rope attached at one end to a fixed point. The force, acting on the free end of the rope, is thus doubled, but can move the load through only half the space traversed by itself. The rope may also pass over a sheave in another block that is fixed. The end of the rope may be fastened to the movable block, instead of a fixed point, with an additional gain of power, and using either one or two sheaves in the fixed block. Other sheaves may be added, and the power multiplied accordingly. Such an apparatus is called by workmen a block and tackle, or a fall and tackle. See Block. A single fixed pulley gives no increase of power, but serves simply for changing the direction of motion. Band pulley, or Belt pulley, a pulley with a broad face for transmitting power between revolving shafts by means of a belt, or for guiding a belt. — Cone pulley. See Cone pulley. — Conical pulley, one of a pair of belt pulleys, each in the shape of a truncated cone, for varying velocities. — Fast pulley, a pulley firmly attached upon a shaft. — Loose pulley, a pulley loose on a shaft, to interrupt the transmission of motion in machinery. See Fast and loose pulleys, under Fast. Parting pulley, a belt pulley made in semicircular halves, which can be bolted together, to facilitate application to, or removal from, a shaft. — Pulley block. Same as Block, n. 6. — Pulley stile (Arch.), the upright of the window frame into which a pulley is fixed and along which the sash slides. Split pulley, a parting pulley.

PULLEY Pul"ley, b. t.

Defn: To raise or lift by means of a pulley. [R.] Howell.

PULLICATE Pul"li*cate, n.

Defn: A kind of checked cotton or silk handkerchief.

PULLMAN CAR Pull"man car`. Etym: [Named after Mr. Pullman, who introduced them.]

Defn: A kind of sleeping car; also, a palace car; — often shortened to Pullman.

PULLULATE Pul"lu*late v. i. Etym: [L. pullulatus, p. p. of pullulare to sprout, from pullulus a young animal, a sprout, dim. of pullus. See pullet.]

Defn: To germinate; to bud; to multiply abundantly. Warburton.

PULLULATION Pul`lu*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pullulation.]

Defn: A germinating, or budding. Dr. H. More.

PULLUS Pul"lus, n.; pl. Pulli. Etym: [L.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A chick; a young bird in the downy stage.

PULMOBRANCHIATA; PULMOBRANCHIATE Pul`mo*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.], Pul`mo*bran"chi*ate. (, a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pulmonibranchiata, -ate.

PULMOCUTANEOUS Pul`mo*cu*ta"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. pulmo a lung + E. cutaneous.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lungs and the akin; as, the pulmocutaneous arteries of the frog.

PULMOGASTEROPODA Pul`mo*gas`te*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL. & E. Gasteropoda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pulmonata.

PULMOGRADE Pul"mo*grade, a. Etym: [L. pulmo a lung + gradi to walk.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Swimming by the expansion and contraction, or lunglike movement, of the body, or of the disk, as do the medusæ.

PULMOMETER Pul*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. pulmo a lung + -meter.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A spirometer.

PULMOMETRY Pul*mom"e*try, n. [L. pulmo a lung + -metry.]

Defn: The determination of the capacity of the lungs.

PULMONARIAN Pul"mo*na"ri*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any arachnid that breathes by lunglike organs, as the spiders and scorpions. Also used adjectively.

PULMONARY Pul"mo*na*ry, a. Etym: [L. pulmonarius, from pulmo, -onis, a lung; of uncertain origin, perh. named from its lightness, and akin to E. float: cf. F. pulmonaire. Cf. Pneumonia.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lungs; affecting the lungs; pulmonic. Pulmonary artery. See the Note under Artery.

PULMONARY Pul"mo*na*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pulmonaire. See Pulmonary, a. ] (Bot.)

Defn: Lungwort. Ainsworth.

PULMONATA Pul`mo*na"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. pulmo, -onis, a lung.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division, or sub-class, of hermaphrodite gastropods, in which the mantle cavity is modified into an air- breathing organ, as in Helix, or land snails, Limax, or garden slugs, and many pond snails, as Limnæa and Planorbis.

PULMONATE Pul"mo*nate, a. (Zoöl.) (a) Having breathing organs that act as lungs. (b) Pertaining to the Pulmonata. — n.

Defn: One of the Pulmonata.

PULMONATED Pul"mo*na`ted, a.

Defn: same as Pulmonate (a).

PULMONIBRANCHIATA Pul`mo*ni*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. pulmo, -onis, a lung + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pulmonata.

PULMONIBRANCHIATE Pul`mo*ni*bran"chi*ate, a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pulmonate.

PULMONIC Pul*mon"ic, a. Etym: [L. pulmo, -onis, a lung: cf. F. pulmonique.]

Defn: Relating to, or affecting the lungs; pulmonary. — n.

Defn: A pulmonic medicine.

PULMONIFERA Pul`mo*nif"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pulmoniferous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pulmonata.

PULMONIFEROUS Pul`mo*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. pulmo, -onis, a lung + -ferous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having lungs; pulmonate.

PULMOTOR Pul"mo`tor, n. [L. pulmo lung + E. motor.]

Defn: An apparatus for producing artificial respiration by pumping oxygen or air or a mixture of the two into and out of the lungs, as of a person who has been asphyxiated by drowning, breathing poisonous gases, or the like, or of one who has been stunned by an electrical shock.

PULP Pulp, n. Etym: [L. pulpa flesh, pith, pulp of fruit: cf. F. pulpe.]

Defn: A moist, slightly cohering mass, consisting of soft, undissolved animal or vegetable matter. Specifically: (a) (Anat.) A tissue or part resembling pulp; especially, the soft, highly vascular and sensitive tissue which fills the central cavity, called the pulp cavity, of teeth. (b) (Bot.) The soft, succulent part of fruit; as, the pulp of a grape. (c) The exterior part of a coffee berry. B. Edwards. (d) The material of which paper is made when ground up and suspended in water.

PULP Pulp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pulped; p. pr. & vb. n. Pulping.]

1. To reduce to pulp.

2. To deprive of the pulp, or integument. The other mode is to pulp the coffee immediately as it comes from the tree. By a simple machine a man will pulp a bushel in a minute. B. Edwards.

PULPATOON Pul`pa*toon", n. Etym: [F. poulpeton, poupeton, a sort of ragout.]

Defn: A kind of delicate confectionery or cake, perhaps made from the pulp of fruit. [Obs.] Nares.

PULPINESS Pulp"i*ness, n.

Defn: the quality or state of being pulpy.

PULPIT Pul"pit, n. Etym: [L. pulpitum: cf. OF. pulpite, F. pulpitre.]

1. An elevated place, or inclosed stage, in a church, in which the clergyman stands while preaching. I stand like a clerk in my pulpit. Chaucer.

2. The whole body of the clergy; preachers as a class; also, preaching. I say the pulpit (in the sober use Of its legitimate, peculiar powers) Must stand acknowledged, while the world shall stand, The most important and effectual guard, Support, and ornament of virtue's cause. Cowper.

3. A desk, or platform, for an orator or public speaker.

PULPIT Pul"pit, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pulpit, or preaching; as, a pulpit orator; pulpit eloquence.

PULPITED Pul"pit*ed, a.

Defn: Placed in a pulpit. [R.] Sit . . . at the feet of a pulpited divine. Milton.

PULPITEER Pul*pit*eer", n.

Defn: One who speaks in a pulpit; a preacher; — so called in contempt. Howell. We never can think it sinful that Burns should have been humorous on such a pulpiteer. Prof. Wilson.

PULPITER Pul"pit*er, n.

Defn: A preacher. [Obs.]

PULPITICAL Pul*pit"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pulpit; suited to the pulpit. [R.] — Pul*pit"ic*al*ly, adv. [R.] Chesterfield.

PULPITISH Pul"pit*ish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pulpit; like preaching. Chalmers.

PULPITRY Pul"pit*ry, n.

Defn: The teaching of the pulpit; preaching. [R. & Obs.] " Mere pulpitry." Milton.

PULPOUS Pulp"ous, a. Etym: [L. pulposus: cf. F. pulpeux. See Pulp.]

Defn: Containing pulp; pulpy. " Pulpous fruit." J. Philips. — Pulp"ous*ness, n.

PULPY Pulp"y, n.

Defn: Like pulp; consisting of pulp; soft; fleshy; succulent; as, the pulpy covering of a nut; the pulpy substance of a peach or a cherry.

PULQUE Pul"que, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: An intoxicating Mexican drink. See Agave.

PULSATE Pul"sate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pulsated; p. pr. & vb. n. Pulsating.] Etym: [L. pulsatus, p. p. of pulsare to beat, strike, v. intens. fr. pellere to beat, strike, drive. See Pulse a beating, and cf. Pulse, v.]

Defn: To throb, as a pulse; to beat, as the heart. The heart of a viper or frog will continue to pulsate long after it is taken from the body. E. Darwin.

PULSATILE Pul"sa*tile, a. Etym: [Cf. It. pulsatile, Sp. pulsatil.]

1. Capable of being struck or beaten; played by beating or by percussion; as, a tambourine is a pulsatile musical instrument.

2. Pulsating; throbbing, as a tumor.

PULSATILLA Pul`sa*til"la, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of ranunculaceous herbs including the pasque flower. This genus is now merged in Anemone. Some species, as Anemone Pulsatilla, Anemone pratensis, and Anemone patens, are used medicinally.

PULSATION Pul*sa"tion, n. Etym: [L. pulsatio a beating or striking: cf. F. pulsation.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: A beating or throbbing, especially of the heart or of an artery, or in an inflamed part; a beat of the pulse.

2. A single beat or throb of a series.

3. A stroke or impulse by which some medium is affected, as in the propagation of sounds.

4. (Law)

Defn: Any touching of another's body willfully or in anger. This constitutes battery. By the Cornelian law, pulsation as well as verberation is prohibited. Blackstone.

PULSATIVE Pul"sa*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pulsatif.]

Defn: Beating; throbbing.

PULSATOR Pul*sa"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

1. A beater; a striker.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: That which beats or throbs in working.

PULSATORY Pul"sa*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pulsatoire.]

Defn: Capable of pulsating; throbbing. Sir H. Wotton. .

PULSE Pulse, n. Etym: [OE. puls, L. puls, pultis, a thick pap or pottage made of meal, pulse, etc. See Poultice, and cf. Pousse.]

Defn: Leguminous plants, or their seeds, as beans, pease, etc. If all the world Should, in a pet of temperance, feed on pulse. Milton.

PULSE Pulse, n. Etym: [OE. pous, OF. pous, F. pouls, fr. L. pulsus (sc. venarum), the beating of the pulse, the pulse, from pellere, pulsum, to beat, strike; cf. Gr. Appeal, Compel, Impel, Push.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: The beating or throbbing of the heart or blood vessels, especially of the arteries.

Note: In an artery the pulse is due to the expansion and contraction of the elastic walls of the artery by the action of the heart upon the column of blood in the arterial system. On the commencement of the diastole of the ventricle, the semilunar valves are closed, and the aorta recoils by its elasticity so as to force part of its contents into the vessels farther onwards. These, in turn, as they already contain a certain quantity of blood, expand, recover by an elastic recoil, and transmit the movement with diminished intensity. Thus a series of movements, gradually diminishing in intensity, pass along the arterial system (see the Note under Heart). For the sake of convenience, the radial artery at the wrist is generally chosen to detect the precise character of the pulse. The pulse rate varies with age, position, sex, stature, physical and psychical influences, etc.

2. Any measured or regular beat; any short, quick motion, regularly repeated, as of a medium in the transmission of light, sound, etc.; oscillation; vibration; pulsation; impulse; beat; movement. The measured pulse of racing oars. Tennyson. When the ear receives any simple sound, it is struck by a single pulse of the air, which makes the eardrum and the other membranous parts vibrate according to the nature and species of the stroke. Burke. Pulse glass, an instrument consisting to a glass tube with terminal bulbs, and containing ether or alcohol, which the heat of the hand causes to boil; — so called from the pulsating motion of the liquid when thus warmed. Pulse wave (Physiol.), the wave of increased pressure started by the ventricular systole, radiating from the semilunar valves over the arterial system, and gradually disappearing in the smaller branches. the pulse wave travels over the arterial system at the rate of about 29.5 feet in a second. H. N. Martin. — To feel one's pulse. (a) To ascertain, by the sense of feeling, the condition of the arterial pulse. (b) Hence, to sound one's opinion; to try to discover one's mind.

PULSE Pulse, v. i.

Defn: To beat, as the arteries; to move in pulses or beats; to pulsate; to throb. Ray.

PULSE Pulse, v. t. Etym: [See Pulsate, Pulse a beating.]

Defn: To drive by a pulsation; to cause to pulsate. [R.]

PULSELESS Pulse"less, a.

Defn: Having no pulsation; lifeless.

PULSELESSNESS Pulse"less*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being pulseless.

PULSIFIC Pul*sif"ic, a. Etym: [Pulse + L. facere to make.]

Defn: Exciting the pulse; causing pulsation.

PULSIMETER Pul*sim"e*ter, n. Etym: [Pulse + -meter.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A sphygmograph.

PULSION Pul"sion, n. Etym: [L. pulsio, fr. pellere, pulsum, to drive: cf. F. pulsion.]

Defn: The act of driving forward; propulsion; — opposed to Ant: suction or Ant: traction. [R.]

PULSIVE Pul"sive, a.

Defn: Tending to compel; compulsory. [R.] "The pulsive strain of conscience." Marston.

PULSOMETER Pul*som"e*ter, n. Etym: [Pulse + -meter.]

1. A device, with valves, for raising water by steam, partly by atmospheric pressure, and partly by the direct action of the steam on the water, without the intervention of a piston; — also called vacuum pump.

2. A pulsimeter.

PULT Pult, v. t.

Defn: To put. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

PULTACEOUS Pul*ta"ceous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pultacé. See 1st Pulse.]

Defn: Macerated; softened; nearly fluid.

PULTESSE; PULTISE Pul"tesse, Pul"tise, n.

Defn: Poultry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PULU Pu"lu, n.

Defn: A vegetable substance consisting of soft, elastic, yellowish brown chaff, gathered in the Hawaiian Islands from the young fronds of free ferns of the genus Cibotium, chiefly C. Menziesii; — used for stuffing mattresses, cushions, etc., and as an absorbent.

PULVERABLE Pul"ver*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being reduced to fine powder. Boyle.

PULVERACEOUS Pul`ver*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a finely powdered surface; pulverulent.

PULVERATE Pul"ver*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. pulveratus, p. p. of pulverare to pulverize. See Pulverize.]

Defn: To beat or reduce to powder or dust; to pulverize. [R.]

PULVERINE Pul"ver*ine, n. Etym: [L. pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder; cf. F. pulvérin.]

Defn: Ashes of barilla. Ure.

PULVERIZABLE Pul"ver*i`za*ble, a.

Defn: Admitting of being pulverized; pulverable. Barton.

PULVERIZATION Pul`ver*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pulvérisation.]

Defn: The action of reducing to dust or powder.

PULVERIZE Pul"ver*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pulverized; p. pr. & vb. n. Pulverizing.] Etym: [F. pulvériser, L. pulverizare, fr. pulvis dust, powder. See Powder.]

Defn: To reduce of fine powder or dust, as by beating, grinding, or the like; as, friable substances may be pulverized by grinding or beating, but to pulverize malleable bodies other methods must be pursued.

PULVERIZE Pul"ver*ize, v. i.

Defn: To become reduced to powder; to fall to dust; as, the stone pulverizes easily.

PULVERIZER Pul"ver*i`zer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, pulverizes.

PULVEROUS Pul"ver*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. L. pulvereus, from pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder.]

Defn: Consisting of dust or powder; like powder.

PULVERULENCE Pul*ver"u*lence, n.

Defn: The state of being pulverulent; abundance of dust or powder; dustiness.

PULVERULENT Pul*ver"u*lent, a. Etym: [L. pulverulentus, fr. pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder: cf. F. pulvérulent.]

Defn: Consisting of, or reducible to, fine powder; covered with dust or powder; powdery; dusty.

PULVIL Pul"vil, n. Etym: [It. polviglio, fr. L. pulvis, pulveris, dust, powder: cf. Sp. polvillo.]

Defn: A sweet-scented powder; pulvillio. [Written also pulville.] [Obs.] Gay.

PULVIL Pul"vil, v. t.

Defn: To apply pulvil to. [Obs.] Congreve.

PULVILLIO; PULVILLO Pul*vil"li*o, Pul*vil"lo, n. Etym: [See Pulvil.]

Defn: A kind of perfume in the form of a powder, formerly much used, — often in little bags. Smells of incense, ambergris, and pulvillios. Addison.

PULVILLUS Pul*vil"lus, n.; pl. Pulvilli. Etym: [L., a little cushion.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the minute cushions on the feet of certain insects.

PULVINAR Pul*vi"nar, n. Etym: [L., a cushion.] (Anat.)

Defn: A prominence on the posterior part of the thalamus of the human brain.

PULVINATE; PULVINATED Pul"vi*nate, Pul"vi*na`ted, a. Etym: [L. pulvinatus, fr. pulvinus a cushion, an elevation.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: Curved convexly or swelled; as, a pulvinated frieze. Brande & C.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the form of a cushion.

PULVINIC Pul*vin"ic, a. Etym: [From Vulpinic, by transposition of the letters.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the decomposition of vulpinic acid, as a white crystalline substance.

PULVINULUS Pul*vin"u*lus, n.; pl. Pulvinuli. Etym: [L., a little mound.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Pulvillus.

PUMA Pu"ma, n. Etym: [Peruv. puma.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large American carnivore (Felis concolor), found from Canada to Patagonia, especially among the mountains. Its color is tawny, or brownish yellow, without spots or stripes. Called also catamount, cougar, American lion, mountain lion, and panther or painter.

PUME Pume, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A stint.

PUMICATE Pu"mi*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pumicated; p. pr. & vb. n. Pumicating.] Etym: [L. pumicatus, p. p. of pumicare to pumicate, fr. pumex. See Pumice.]

Defn: To make smooth with pumice. [R.]

PUMICE Pum"ice, n. Etym: [L. pumex, pumicis, prob. akin to spuma foam: cf. AS. pumic-stan. Cf. Pounce a powder, Spume.] (Min.)

Defn: A very light porous volcanic scoria, usually of a gray color, the pores of which are capillary and parallel, giving it a fibrous structure. It is supposed to be produced by the disengagement of watery vapor without liquid or plastic lava. It is much used, esp. in the form of powder, for smoothing and polishing. Called also pumice stone.

PUMICED Pum"iced, a. (Far.)

Defn: Affected with a kind of chronic laminitis in which there is a growth of soft spongy horn between the coffin bone and the hoof wall. The disease is called pumiced foot, or pumice foot.

PUMICEOUS Pu*mi`ceous, a. Etym: [L. pumiceus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to pumice; resembling pumice.

PUMICE STONE Pum"ice stone`.

Defn: Same as Pumice.

PUMICIFORM Pu*mic"i*form, a. Etym: [Pumice + -form.]

Defn: Resembling, or having the structure of, pumice.

PUMMACE Pum"mace, n.

Defn: Same as Pomace.

PUMMEL Pum"mel, n. & v. t.

Defn: Same as Pommel.

PUMP Pump (pûmp), n. Etym: [Probably so called as being worn for pomp or ornament. See Pomp.]

Defn: A low shoe with a thin sole. Swift.

PUMP Pump, n. Etym: [Akin to D. pomp, G. pumpe, F. pompe; of unknown origin.]

Defn: An hydraulic machine, variously constructed, for raising or transferring fluids, consisting essentially of a moving piece or piston working in a hollow cylinder or other cavity, with valves properly placed for admitting or retaining the fluid as it is drawn or driven through them by the action of the piston.

Note: for various kinds of pumps, see Air pump, Chain pump, and Force pump; also, under Lifting, Plunger, Rotary, etc. Circulating pump (Steam Engine), a pump for driving the condensing water through the casing, or tubes, of a surface condenser. — Pump brake. See Pump handle, below. — Pump dale. See Dale. — Pump gear, the apparatus belonging to a pump. Totten. — Pump handle, the lever, worked by hand, by which motion is given to the bucket of a pump. — Pump hood, a semicylindrical appendage covering the upper wheel of a chain pump. — Pump rod, the rod to which the bucket of a pump is fastened, and which is attached to the brake or handle; the piston rod. — Pump room, a place or room at a mineral spring where the waters are drawn and drunk. [Eng.] — Pump spear. Same as Pump rod, above. — Pump stock, the stationary part, body, or barrel of a pump. — Pump well. (Naut.) See Well.

PUMP Pump, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pumped (pûmt; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. pumping.]

1. To raise with a pump, as water or other liquid.

2. To draw water, or the like, from; to from water by means of a pump; as, they pumped the well dry; to pump a ship.

3. Figuratively, to draw out or obtain, as secrets or money, by persistent questioning or plying; to question or ply persistently in order to elicit something, as information, money, etc. But pump not me for politics. Otway.

PUMP Pump, v. i.

Defn: To work, or raise water, a pump.

PUMPAGE Pump"age, n.

Defn: That which is raised by pumps, or the work done by pumps. The pumpage last year amounted to . . . gallons. Sci. Amer.

PUMPER Pump"er, n.

Defn: One who pumps; the instrument or machine used in pumping. Boyle.

PUMPERNICKEL Pump"er*nick`el, n. Etym: [G.]

Defn: A sort of bread, made of unbolted rye, which forms the chief food of the Westphalian peasants. It is acid but nourishing.

PUMPET Pum"pet, n.

Defn: A pompet. Pumpet ball (Print.), a ball for inking types; a pompet.

PUMPING Pump"ing,

Defn: a. & n. from pump. Pumping engine, a steam engine and pump combined for raising water. See Steam engine.

PUMPION Pump"ion, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Pumpkin.

PUMPKIN Pump"kin, n. Etym: [For older pompion, pompon, OF. pompon, L. pepo, peponis, Gr. Cook, n.] (Bot.)

Defn: A well-known trailing plant (Cucurbita pepo) and its fruit, — used for cooking and for feeding stock; a pompion. Pumpkin seed. (a) The flattish oval seed of the pumpkin. (b) (Zoöl.) The common pondfish.

PUMY Pu"my, a. Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. pummer big, large, and E. pomey pommel.]

Defn: Large and rounded. [Obs.] A gentle stream, whose murmuring wave did play Amongst the pumy stones. Spenser.

PUN Pun, v. t. Etym: [See Pound to beat.]

Defn: To pound. [Obs.] He would pun thee into shivers with his fist. Shak.

PUN Pun, n. Etym: [Cf. Pun to pound, Pound to beat.]

Defn: A play on words which have the same sound but different meanings; an expression in which two different applications of a word present an odd or ludicrous idea; a kind of quibble or equivocation. Addison. A better put on this word was made on the Beggar's Opera, which, it was said, made Gay rich, and Rich gay. Walpole.

PUN Pun, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Punned; p. pr. & vb. n. Punning.]

Defn: To make puns, or a pun; to use a word in a double sense, especially when the contrast of ideas is ludicrous; to play upon words; to quibble. Dryden.

PUN Pun, v. t.

Defn: To persuade or affect by a pun. Addison.

PUNA Pu"na, n. [Sp., of Peruv. origin.]

Defn: A cold arid table-land, as in the Andes of Peru.

PUNCH Punch, n. Etym: [Hind. panch five, Skr. pacan. So called because composed of five ingredients, viz., sugar, arrack, spice, water, and lemon juice. See Five.]

Defn: A beverage composed of wine or distilled liquor, water (or milk), sugar, and the juice of lemon, with spice or mint; — specifically named from the kind of spirit used; as rum punch, claret punch, champagne punch, etc. Milk punch, a sort of punch made with spirit, milk, sugar, spice, etc. — Punch bowl, a large bowl in which punch is made, or from which it is served. — Roman punch, a punch frozen and served as an ice.

PUNCH Punch, n. Etym: [Abbrev, fr. punchinello.]

Defn: The buffoon or harlequin of a puppet show. Punch and Judy, a puppet show in which a comical little hunchbacked Punch, with a large nose, engages in altercation with his wife Judy.

PUNCH Punch, n. Etym: [Prov. E. Cf. Punchy.]

1. A short, fat fellow; anything short and thick. I . . . did hear them call their fat child punch, which pleased me mightily, that word being become a word of common use for all that is thick and short. Pepys.

2. One of a breed of large, heavy draught horses; as, the Suffolk punch.

PUNCH Punch, v. t. Etym: [OE. punchen, perhaps the same word as E. punish: or cf. E. bunch.]

Defn: To thrust against; to poke; as, to punch one with the end of a stick or the elbow.

PUNCH Punch, n.

Defn: A thrust or blow. [Colloq.]

PUNCH Punch, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. puncheon.]

1. A tool, usually of steel, variously shaped at one end for different uses, and either solid, for stamping or for perforating holes in metallic plates and other substances, or hollow and sharpedged, for cutting out blanks, as for buttons, steel pens, jewelry, and the like; a die.

2. (Pile Driving)

Defn: An extension piece applied to the top of a pile; a dolly.

3. A prop, as for the roof of a mine. Bell punch. See under Bell. — Belt punch (Mach.), a punch, or punch pliers, for making holes for lacings in the ends of driving belts. — Punch press. See Punching machine, under Punch, v. i. — Punch pliers, pliers having a tubular, sharp-edged steel punch attached to one of the jaws, for perforating leather, paper, and the like.

PUNCH Punch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punched; p. pr. & vb. n. Punching.] Etym: [From Punch, n., a tool; cf. F. poinçonner.]

Defn: To perforate or stamp with an instrument by pressure, or a blow; as, to punch a hole; to punch ticket. Punching machine, or Punching press, a machine tool for punching holes in metal or other material; — called also punch press.

PUNCHEON Punch"eon, n. Etym: [F. poinçon awl, bodkin, crown, king-post, fr. L. punctio a pricking, fr. pungere to prick. See Pungent, and cf. Punch a tool, Punction.]

1. A figured stamp, die, or punch, used by goldsmiths, cutlers, etc.

2. (Carp.)

Defn: A short, upright piece of timber in framing; a short post; an intermediate stud. Oxf. Gloss.

3. A split log or heavy slab with the face smoothed; as, a floor made of puncheons. [U.S.] Bartlett.

4. Etym: [F. poinçon, perh. the same as poinçon an awl.]

Defn: A cask containing, sometimes 84, sometimes 120, gallons.

PUNCHER Punch"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, punches.

PUNCHIN Pun"chin, n.

Defn: See Puncheon.

PUNCHINELLO Pun`chi*nel"lo, n. Etym: [It. pulcinella, probably originally a word of endearment, dim. of pulcina, pulcino, a chicken, from L. pullicenus, pullus. See Pullet.]

Defn: A punch; a buffoon; originally, in a puppet show, a character represented as fat, short, and humpbacked. Spectator.

PUNCHY Punch"y, a. Etym: [Perhaps for paunchy, from paunch. See 3d Punch.]

Defn: Short and thick, or fat.

PUNCTATED; PUNCTATED Punc"ta*ted, Punc"ta*ted, a. Etym: [From L. punctum point. See Point .]

1. Pointed; ending in a point or points.

2. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Dotted with small spots of color, or with minute depressions or pits.

PUNCTATOR Punc*ta"tor, n.

Defn: One who marks with points. specifically, one who writes Hebrew with points; — applied to a Masorite. E. Robinson.

PUNCTICULAR Punc*tic"u*lar, a.

Defn: Comprised in, or like, a point; exact. [Obs. & R.] Sir T. Browne.

PUNCTIFORM Punc"ti*form, a. Etym: [L. punctum point + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of a point.

PUNCTILIO Punc*til"io, n.; pl. Punctilios. Etym: [It. puntiglio, or Sp. puntillo, dim. fr. L. punctum point. See Point, n.]

Defn: A nice point of exactness in conduct, ceremony, or proceeding; particularity or exactness in forms; as, the punctilios of a public ceremony. They will not part with the least punctilio in their opinions and practices. Fuller .

PUNCTILIOUS Punc*til"ious, a. Etym: [Cf. It. puntiglioso, Sp. puntilloso.]

Defn: Attentive to punctilio; very nice or exact in the forms of behavior, etiquette, or mutual intercourse; precise; exact in the smallest particulars. "A punctilious observance of divine laws." Rogers. "Very punctilious copies of any letters. The Nation. Punctilious in the simple and intelligible instances of common life. I. Taylor. — Punc*til"ious*ly, adv. — Punc*til"ious*ness, n.

PUNCTION Punc"tion, n. Etym: [L. punctio, fr. pungere, punctum, to prick: cf. F. ponction. Cf. Puncheon.]

Defn: A puncturing, or pricking; a puncture.

PUNCTIST Punc"tist, n.

Defn: A punctator. E. Henderson.

PUNCTO Punc"to, n. Etym: [See Punto.]

1. A nice point of form or ceremony. Bacon.

2. A term applied to the point in fencing. Farrow.

PUNCTUAL Punc"tu*al, a. Etym: [F. ponctuel (cf. Sp.puntual, It. puntuale), from L. punctum point. See Point.]

1. Consisting in a point; limited to a point; unextended. [R.] "This punctual spot." Milton. The theory of the punctual existence of the soul. Krauth.

2. Observant of nice points; punctilious; precise. Punctual to tediousness in all that he relates. Bp. Burnet. So much on punctual niceties they stand. C. Pitt.

3. Appearing or done at, or adhering exactly to, a regular or an appointed time; precise; prompt; as, a punctual man; a punctual payment. "The race of the undeviating and punctual sun." Cowper. These sharp strokes [of a pendulum], with their inexorably steady intersections, so agree with our successive thoughts that they seem like the punctual stops counting off our very souls into the past. J. Martineau.

PUNCTUALIST Punc"tu*al*ist, n.

Defn: One who is very exact in observing forms and ceremonies. Milton.

PUNCTUALITY Punc`tu*al"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ponctualité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being punctual; especially, adherence to the exact time of an engagement; exactness.

PUNCTUALLY Punc"tu*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a punctual manner; promptly; exactly.

PUNCTUALNESS Punc"tu*al*ness, n.

Defn: Punctuality; exactness.

PUNCTUATE Punc"tu*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punctuated; p. pr. & vb. n. Punctuating.] Etym: [Cf. F. ponctuer. See Punctual.]

Defn: To mark with points; to separate into sentences, clauses, etc., by points or stops which mark the proper pauses in expressing the meaning.

PUNCTUATION Punc`tu*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ponctuation.] (Gram.)

Defn: The act or art of punctuating or pointing a writing or discourse; the art or mode of dividing literary composition into sentences, and members of a sentence, by means of points, so as to elucidate the author's meaning.

Note: Punctuation, as the term is usually understood, is chiefly performed with four points: the period [.], the colon [:], the semicolon [;], and the comma [,]. Other points used in writing and printing, partly rhetorical and partly grammatical, are the note of interrogation [], the note of exclamation [!], the parentheses [()], the dash [—], and brackets []. It was not until the 16th century that an approach was made to the present system of punctuation by the Manutii of Venice. With Caxton, oblique strokes took the place of commas and periods.

PUNCTUATIVE Punc"tu*a*tive, a.

Defn: Of or belonging to points of division; relating to punctuation. The punctuative intonation of feeble cadence. Rush.

PUNCTUATOR Punc"tu*a`tor, n.

Defn: One who punctuates, as in writing; specifically, a punctator.

PUNCTUIST Punc"tu*ist, n.

Defn: A punctator.

PUNCTULATE; PUNCTULATED Punc"tu*late, Punc"tu*la`ted, a. Etym: [L. punctulum, dim. of punctum point.]

Defn: Marked with small spots. The studs have their surface punctulated, as if set all over with other studs infinitely lesser. Woodward.

PUNCTUM Punc"tum, n. Etym: [L., a point.]

Defn: A point. Punctum cæcum. Etym: [L., blind point.] (Anat.) Same as Blind spot, under Blind. — Punctum proximum, near point. See under Point. — Punctum remotum, far point. See under Point. — Punctum vegetationis Etym: [L., point of vegetation] (Bot.), the terminal cell of a stem, or of a leaf bud, from which new growth originates.

PUNCTURATION Punc`tu*ra"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of puncturing. See Acupuncture.

PUNCTURE Punc"ture, n. Etym: [L. punctura, fr. pungere, punctum, to prick. See Pungent.]

1. The act of puncturing; perforating with something pointed.

2. A small hole made by a point; a slight wound, bite, or sting; as, the puncture of a nail, needle, or pin. A lion may perish by the puncture of an asp. Rambler.

PUNCTURE Punc"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punctured; p. pr. & vb. n. Puncturing.]

Defn: To pierce with a small, pointed instrument, or the like; to prick; to make a puncture in; as, to puncture the skin.

PUNCTURED Punc"tured, a.

1. Having the surface covered with minute indentations or dots.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Produced by puncture; having the characteristics of a puncture; as, a punctured wound.

PUNDIT Pun"dit, n. Etym: [Hind. pandit, Skr. pandita a learned man.]

Defn: A learned man; a teacher; esp., a Brahman versed in the Sanskrit language, and in the science, laws, and religion of the Hindoos; in Cashmere, any clerk or native official. [Written also pandit.] [India]

PUNDLE Pun"dle, n. Etym: [Cf. Bundle.]

Defn: A short and fat woman; a squab. [Obs.]

PUNESE Pu"nese, n. Etym: [F. punaise, fr. punais stinking, fr. L. putere.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bedbug. [R or Obs.]

PUNG Pung, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A kind of plain sleigh drawn by one horse; originally, a rude oblong box on runners. [U.S.] Sledges or pungs, coarsely framed of split saplings, and surmounted with a large crockery crate. Judd. They did not take out the pungs to-day. E. E. Hale.

PUNGENCE Pun"gence, n. Etym: [See Pungent.]

Defn: Pungency.

PUNGENCY Pun"gen*cy, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being pungent or piercing; keenness; sharpness; piquancy; as, the pungency of ammonia. "The pungency of menaces." Hammond.

PUNGENT Pun"gent, a. Etym: [L. pungens, -entis, p. pr. of pungere, punctum, to prick. Cf. Compunction, Expunge, Poignant, Point, n., Puncheon, Punctilio, Punt, v. t.]

1. Causing a sharp sensation, as of the taste, smell, or feelings; pricking; biting; acrid; as, a pungent spice. Pungent radish biting infant's tongue. Shenstone. The pungent grains of titillating dust. Pope.

2. Sharply painful; penetrating; poignant; severe; caustic; stinging. With pungent pains on every side. Swift. His pungent pen played its part in rousing the nation. J. R. Green.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Prickly-pointed; hard and sharp.

Syn. — Acrid; piercing; sharp; penetrating; acute; keen; acrimonious; biting; stinging.

PUNGENTLY Pun"gent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a pungent manner; sharply.

PUNGLED Pun"gled, a. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Shriveled or shrunken; — said especially of grain which has lost its juices from the ravages of insects, such as the wheat midge, or Trips (Thrips cerealium).

PUNGY Pung"y, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A small sloop or shallop, or a large boat with sails.

PUNIC Pu"nic, a. Etym: [L. Punicus pertaining to Carthage, or its inhabitants, fr. Poeni the Carthaginians.]

1. Of or pertaining to the ancient Carthaginians.

2. Characteristic of the ancient Carthaginians; faithless; treacherous; as, Punic faith. Yes, yes, his faith attesting nations own; 'T is Punic all, and to a proverb known. H. Brooke.

PUNICE Pu"nice, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Punese. [Obs. or R.]

PUNICE Pu"nice, v. t.

Defn: To punish. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PUNICEOUS; PUNICIAL Pu*ni"ceous, Pu*ni"cial, a. Etym: [L. puniceus, fr. Punicus Punic.]

Defn: Of a bright red or purple color. [R.]

PUNINESS Pu"ni*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being puny; littleness; pettiness; feebleness.

PUNISH Pun"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Punished; p. pr. & vb. n. Punishing.] Etym: [OE. punischen, F. punir, from L. punire, punitum, akin to poena punishment, penalty. See Pain, and -ish.]

1. To impose a penalty upon; to afflict with pain, loss, or suffering for a crime or fault, either with or without a view to the offender's amendment; to cause to suffer in retribution; to chasten; as, to punish traitors with death; a father punishes his child for willful disobedience. A greater power Now ruled him, punished in the shape he sinned. Milton.

2. To inflict a penalty for (an offense) upon the offender; to repay, as a fault, crime, etc., with pain or loss; as, to punish murder or treason with death.

3. To injure, as by beating; to pommel. [Low]

Syn. — To chastise; castigate; scourge; whip; lash; correct; discipline. See Chasten.

PUNISHABLE Pun"ish*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. punissable.]

Defn: Deserving of, or liable to, punishment; capable of being punished by law or right; — said of person or offenses. That time was, when to be a Protestant, to be a Christian, was by law as punishable as to be a traitor. Milton. — Pun"ish*a*ble*ness, n.

PUNISHER Pun"ish*er, n.

Defn: One who inflicts punishment.

PUNISHMENT Pun"ish*ment, n.

1. The act of punishing.

2. Any pain, suffering, or loss inflicted on a person because of a crime or offense. I never gave them condign punishment. Shak. The rewards and punishments of another life. Locke.

3. (Law)

Defn: A penalty inflicted by a court of justice on a convicted offender as a just retribution, and incidentally for the purposes of reformation and prevention.

PUNITION Pu*ni"tion, n. Etym: [L. punitio: cf. F. punition. See Punish.]

Defn: Punishment. [R.] Mir. for Mag.

PUNITIVE Pu"ni*tive, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to punishment; involving, awarding, or inflicting punishment; as, punitive law or justice. If death be punitive, so, likewise, is the necessity imposed upon man of toiling for his subsistence. I. Taylor. We shall dread a blow from the punitive hand. Bagehot.

PUNITORY Pu"ni*to*ry, a.

Defn: Punishing; tending to punishment; punitive. God . . . may make moral evil, as well as natural, at the same time both prudential and punitory. A. Tucker.

PUNK Punk, n. Etym: [Cf. Spunk.]

1. Wood so decayed as to be dry, crumbly, and useful for tinder; touchwood.

2. A fungus (Polyporus fomentarius, etc.) sometimes dried for tinder; agaric.

3. An artificial tinder. See Amadou, and Spunk.

4. A prostitute; a strumpet. [Obsoles.] Shak.

PUNKA Pun"ka, n. Etym: [Hind. pankha fan.]

Defn: A machine for fanning a room, usually a movable fanlike frame covered with canvas, and suspended from the ceiling. It is kept in motion by pulling a cord. [Hindostan] [Written also punkah.] Malcom.

PUNKIE Punk"ie, n. [Orig. unknown.]

Defn: A minute biting fly of the genus Ceratopogon or allied genus of the family Chironomidæ, found in swarms in various densely wooded or mountaneous regions. [U. S.]

PUNKIN Pun"kin, n.

Defn: A pumpkin. [Colloq. U. S.]

PUNKLING Punk"ling, n.

Defn: A young strumpet. [Obs.]

PUNNER Pun"ner, n.

Defn: A punster. Beau. & Fl.

PUNNET Pun"net, n. Etym: [Cf. Ir. buinne a shoot, branch.]

Defn: A broad, shallow basket, for displaying fruit or flowers.

PUNNOLOGY Pun*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Pun + -logy.]

Defn: The art or practice of punning; paronomasia. [R.] Pope.

PUNSTER Pun"ster, n.

Defn: One who puns, or is skilled in, or given to, punning; a quibbler; a low wit.

PUNT Punt, v. i. Etym: [F. ponter, or It. puntare, fr. L. punctum point. See Point.]

Defn: To play at basset, baccara, faro. or omber; to gamble. She heard . . . of his punting at gaming tables. Thackeray.

PUNT Punt, n.

Defn: Act of playing at basset, baccara, faro, etc.

PUNT Punt, n. Etym: [AS., fr. L. ponto punt, pontoon. See Pontoon.] (Naut.)

Defn: A flat-bottomed boat with square ends. It is adapted for use in shallow waters.

PUNT Punt, v. t.

1. To propel, as a boat in shallow water, by pushing with a pole against the bottom; to push or propel (anything) with exertion. Livingstone.

2. (Football)

Defn: To kick (the ball) before it touches the ground, when let fall from the hands.

PUNT Punt, n. (Football)

Defn: The act of punting the ball.

PUNTELLO Pun*tel"lo, n.; pl. -li (#). [It., dim. of punto point.] (Sculpture)

Defn: One of the points sometimes drilled as guides for cutting away superfluous stone.

PUNTER Punt"er, n.Etym: [Cf. F. ponte. See Punt, v. t.]

Defn: One who punts; specifically, one who plays against the banker or dealer, as in baccara and faro. Hoyle.

PUNTER Punt"er, n.

Defn: One who punts a football; also, one who propels a punt.

PUNTIL; PUNTEL Pun"til, Pun"tel, n. (Glass Making)

Defn: See Pontee.

PUNTO Pun"to, n. Etym: [It. punto, L. punctum point. See Point.] (Fencing)

Defn: A point or hit. Punto diritto Etym: [It.], a direct stroke or hit. — Punto reverso Etym: [It. riverso reverse], a backhanded stroke. Halliwell. "Ah, the immortal passado! the punto reverso!" Shak.

PUNT-OUT Punt"-out`, n. (American Football)

Defn: A punt made from the goal line by a player of the side which has made a touchdown to one of his own side for a fair catch, from which an attempt to kick a goal may be made.

PUNTY Pun"ty, n. (Glass Making)

Defn: See Pontee.

PUNY Pu"ny, a. [Compar. Punier; superl. Puniest.] Etym: [F. puîté younger, later born, OF. puisné; puis afterwards (L. post; see Post-) + né born, L. natus. See Natal, and cf. Puisne.]

Defn: Imperfectly developed in size or vigor; small and feeble; inferior; petty. A puny subject strikes at thy great glory. Shak. Breezes laugh to scorn our puny speed. Keble.

PUNY Pu"ny, n.

Defn: A youth; a novice. [R.] Fuller.

PUOY Puoy, n.

Defn: Same as Poy, n., 3.

PUP Pup, n. Etym: [See Puppy.] (Zoöl.) (a) A young dog; a puppy. (b) a young seal.

PUP Pup, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Pupped; p. pr. & vb. n. Pupping.]

Defn: To bring forth whelps or young, as the female of the canine species.

PUPA Pu"pa, n.; pl. L. Pup, E. Pupas. Etym: [L. pupa girl. doll, puppet, fem. of pupus. Cf. Puppet.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any insect in that stage of its metamorphosis which usually immediately precedes the adult, or imago, stage.

Note: Among insects belonging to the higher orders, as the Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, the pupa is inactive and takes no food; in the lower orders it is active and takes food, and differs little from the imago except in the rudimentary state of the sexual organs, and of the wings in those that have wings when adult. The term pupa is sometimes applied to other invertebrates in analogous stages of development.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of air-breathing land snails having an elongated spiral shell. Coarctate, or Obtected, pupa, a pupa which is incased in the dried-up skin of the larva, as in many Diptera. — Masked pupa, a pupa whose limbs are bound down and partly concealed by a chitinous covering, as in Lepidoptera.

PUPAL Pu"pal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a pupa, or the condition of a pupa.

PUPATE Pu"pate, v. i. (Zoöl.)

Defn: To become a pupa.

PUPATION Pu*pa"tion, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: the act of becoming a pupa.

PUPE Pupe, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A pupa.

PUPELO Pu*pe"lo, n.

Defn: Cider brandy. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

PUPIGEROUS Pu*pig"er*ous, a. Etym: [Pupa + -gerous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Bearing or containing a pupa; — said of dipterous larvæ which do not molt when the pupa is formed within them.

PUPIL Pu"pil, n. Etym: [F. pupille, n. fem., L. pupilla the pupil of the eye, originally dim. of pupa a girl. See Puppet, and cf. Pupil a scholar.] (Anat.)

Defn: The aperture in the iris; the sight, apple, or black of the eye. See the Note under Eye, and Iris. Pin-hole pupil (Med.), the pupil of the eye when so contracted (as it sometimes is in typhus, or opium poisoning) as to resemble a pin hole. Dunglison.

PUPIL Pu"pil, n. Etym: [F. pupille, n. masc. & fem., L. pupillus, pupilla, dim. of pupus boy, pupa girl. See Puppet, and cf. Pupil of the eye.]

1. A youth or scholar of either sex under the care of an instructor or tutor. Too far in years to be a pupil now. Shak. Tutors should behave reverently before their pupils. L'Estrange.

2. A person under a guardian; a ward. Dryden.

3. (Civil Law)

Defn: A boy or a girl under the age of puberty, that is, under fourteen if a male, and under twelve if a female.

Syn. — Learner; disciple; tyro. — See Scholar.

PUPILAGE Pu"pil*age, n.

Defn: The state of being a pupil. As sons of kings, loving in pupilage, Have turned to tyrants when they came to power. Tennyson.

PUPILLARITY Pu`pil*lar"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pupillarité. See Pupillary.] (Scots Law)

Defn: The period before puberty, or from birth to fourteen in males, and twelve in females.

PUPILLARY Pu"pil*la*ry, a. Etym: [L. pupillaris: cf. F.pupillaire. See Pupil.]

1. Of or pertaining to a pupil or ward. Johnson.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the pupil of the eye.

PUPILLOMETER Pu`pil*lom"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. pupilla pupil of the eye + -meter.] (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the size of the pupil of the pupil of the eye.

PUPIPARA Pu*pip"a*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pupiparous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Diptera in which the young are born in a stage like the pupa. It includes the sheep tick, horse tick, and other parasites. Called also Homaloptera.

PUPIPAROUS Pu*pip"a*rous, a. Etym: [Pupa + L. parere to bring forth.] (Zoöl.) (a) Bearing, or containing, a pupa; — said of the matured larvæ, or larval skins, of certain Diptera. (b) Of or pertaining to the Pupipara.

PUPIVORA Pu*piv"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pupivorous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of parasitic Hymenoptera, including the ichneumon flies, which destroy the larvæ and pupæ of insects.

PUPIVOROUS Pu*piv"o*rous, a. Etym: [Pupa + L. vorare to devour.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Feeding on the pupæ of insects.

PUPLICAN Pup"li*can, n.

Defn: Publican. [Obs.]

PUPPET Pup"pet, n. Etym: [OE. popet, OF. poupette; akin to F. poupée a doll, probably from L. puppa, pupa, a girl, doll, puppet. Cf. Poupeton, Pupa, Pupil, Puppy.] [Written also poppet.]

1. A small image in the human form; a doll.

2. A similar figure moved by the hand or by a wire in a mock drama; a marionette; a wooden actor in a play. At the pipes of some carved organ move, The gilded puppets dance. Pope.

3. One controlled in his action by the will of another; a tool; — so used in contempt. Sir W. Scott.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: The upright support for the bearing of the spindle in a lathe. Puppet master. Same as Puppetman. — Puppet play, a puppet show. — Puppet player, one who manages the motions of puppets. — Puppet show, a mock drama performed by puppets moved by wires. — Puppet valve, a valve in the form of a circular disk, which covers a hole in its seat, and opens by moving bodily away from the seat while remaining parallel with it, — used in steam engines, pumps, safety valves, etc. Its edge is often beveled, and fits in a conical recess in the seat when the valve is closed. See the valves shown in Illusts. of Plunger pump, and Safety valve, under Plunger, and Safety.

PUPPETISH Pup"pet*ish, a.

Defn: Resembling a puppet in appearance or action; of the nature of a puppet.

PUPPETMAN Pup"pet*man, n.

Defn: A master of a puppet show.

PUPPETRY Pup"pet*ry, n.

Defn: Action or appearance resembling that of a puppet, or puppet show; hence, mere form or show; affectation. Puppetry of the English laws of divorce. Chambers.

PUPPY Pup"py, n.; pl. Puppies. Etym: [F. poupée doll, puppet. See Puppet, and cf. Pup, n.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The young of a canine animal, esp. of the common dog; a whelp.

2. A name of contemptuous reproach for a conceited and impertinent person. I found my place taken by an ill-bred, awkward puppy with a money bag under each arm. Addison.

PUPPY Pup"py, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puppied; p. pr. & vb. n. Puppying.]

Defn: To bring forth whelps; to pup.

PUPPYHOOD Pup"py*hood, n.

Defn: The time or state of being a puppy; the time of being young and undisciplined.

PUPPYISH Pup"py*ish, a.

Defn: Like a puppy.

PUPPYISM Pup"py*ism, n.

Defn: Extreme meanness, affectation, conceit, or impudence. A. Chalmers.

PUR Pur, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Purred; p. pr. & vb. n. Purring.] Etym: [Of imitative origin; cf. Prov. G. purren.]

Defn: To utter a low, murmuring, continued sound, as a cat does when pleased. [Written also purr.]

PUR Pur, v. t.

Defn: To signify or express by purring. Gray.

PUR Pur, n.

Defn: The low, murmuring sound made by a cat to express contentment or pleasure. [Written also purr.]

PURANA Pu*ra"na, n. Etym: [Skr. pura, properly. old, ancient, fr. pura formerly.]

Defn: One of a class of sacred Hindoo poetical works in the Sanskrit language which treat of the creation, destruction, and renovation of worlds, the genealogy and achievements of gods and heroes, the reigns of the Manus, and the transactions of their descendants. The principal Puranas are eighteen in number, and there are the same number of supplementary books called Upa Puranas.

PURANIC Pu*ran"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the Puranas.

PURBECK BEDS Pur"beck beds`. Etym: [So called from the Isle of Purbeck in England.] (Geol.)

Defn: The strata of the Purbeck stone, or Purbeck limestone, belonging to the Oölitic group. See the Chart of Geology.

PURBECK STONE Pur"beck stone`. (Geol.)

Defn: A limestone from the Isle of Purbeck in England.

PURBLIND Pur"blind`, a. Etym: [For pure-blind, i. e., wholly blind. See Pure, and cf. Poreblind.]

1. Wholly blind. "Purblind Argus, all eyes and no sight." Shak.

2. Nearsighted, or dim-sighted; seeing obscurely; as, a purblind eye; a purblind mole. The saints have not so sharp eyes to see down from heaven; they be purblindand sand-blind. Latimer. O purblind race of miserable men. Tennyson. — Pur"blind`ly, adv. — Pur"blind`ness, n.

PURCELANE Purce"lane, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Purslane. [Obs.]

PURCHASABLE Pur"chas*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being bought, purchased, or obtained for a consideration; hence, venal; corrupt. Money being the counterbalance to all things purchasable by it, as much as you take off from the value of money, so much you add to the price of things exchanged. Locke.

PURCHASE Pur"chase (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purchased; p. pr. & vb. n. Purchasing.] Etym: [OE. purchasen, porchacen, OF. porchacier, purchacier, to pursue, to seek eagerly, F. pourchasser; OF. pour, por, pur, for (L. pro) + chacier to pursue, to chase. See Chase.]

1. To pursue and obtain; to acquire by seeking; to gain, obtain, or acquire. Chaucer. That loves the thing he can not purchase. Spenser. Your accent is Something finer than you could purchase in so removed a dwelling. Shak. His faults . . . hereditary Rather than purchased. Shak.

2. To obtain by paying money or its equivalent; to buy for a price; as, to purchase land, or a house. The field which Abraham purchased of the sons of Heth. Gen. xxv. 10.

3. To obtain by any outlay, as of labor, danger, or sacrifice, etc.; as, to purchase favor with flattery. One poor retiring minute . . . Would purchase thee a thousand thousand friends. Shak. A world who would not purchase with a bruise Milton.

4. To expiate by a fine or forfeit. [Obs.] Not tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses. Shak.

5. (Law) (a) To acquire by any means except descent or inheritance. Blackstone. (b) To buy for a price.

6. To apply to (anything) a device for obtaining a mechanical advantage; to get a purchase upon, or apply a purchase to; as, to purchase a cannon.

PURCHASE Pur"chase, v. i.

1. To put forth effort to obtain anything; to strive; to exert one's self. [Obs.] Duke John of Brabant purchased greatly that the Earl of Flanders should have his daughter in marriage. Ld. Berners.

2. To acquire wealth or property. [Obs.] Sure our lawyers Would not purchase half so fast. J. Webster.

PURCHASE Pur"chase (; 48), n. Etym: [OE. purchds, F. pourchas eager pursuit. See Purchase, v. t.]

1. The act of seeking, getting, or obtaining anything. [Obs.] I'll . . . get meat to have thee, Or lose my life in the purchase. Beau. & Fl.

2. The act of seeking and acquiring property.

3. The acquisition of title to, or properly in, anything for a price; buying for money or its equivalent. It is foolish to lay out money in the purchase of repentance. Franklin.

4. That which is obtained, got, or acquired, in any manner, honestly or dishonestly; property; possession; acquisition. Chaucer. B. Jonson. We met with little purchase upon this coast, except two small vessels of Golconda. De Foe. A beauty-waning and distressed widow . . . Made prize and purchase of his lustful eye. Shak.

5. That which is obtained for a price in money or its equivalent. "The scrip was complete evidence of his right in the purchase." Wheaton.

6. Any mechanical hold, or advantage, applied to the raising or removing of heavy bodies, as by a lever, a tackle, capstan, and the like; also, the apparatus, tackle, or device by which the advantage is gained. A politician, to do great things, looks for a power — what our workmen call a purchase. Burke.

7. (Law)

Defn: Acquisition of lands or tenements by other means than descent or inheritance, namely, by one's own act or agreement. Blackstone. Purchase criminal, robbery. [Obs.] Spenser. — Purchase money, the money paid, or contracted to be paid, for anything bought. Berkeley. — Worth, or At, [so many] years' purchase, a phrase by which the value or cost of a thing is expressed in the length of time required for the income to amount to the purchasing price; as, he bought the estate at a twenty years' purchase. To say one's life is not worth a day's purchase in the same as saying one will not live a day, or is in imminent peril.

PURCHASER Pur"chas*er, n.

1. One who purchases; one who acquires property for a consideration, generally of money; a buyer; a vendee.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who acquires an estate in lands by his own act or agreement, or who takes or obtains an estate by any means other than by descent or inheritance.

PURDAH Pur"dah, n. Etym: [Per. parda a curtain.]

Defn: A curtain or screen; also, a cotton fabric in blue and white stripes, used for curtains. McElrath.

PURE Pure, a. [Compar. Purer; superl. Purest.] Etym: [OE. pur, F. pur, fr. L. purus; akin to putus pure, clear, putare to clean, trim, prune, set in order, settle, reckon, consider, think, Skr. p to clean, and perh. E. fire. Cf. Putative.]

1. Separate from all heterogeneous or extraneous matter; free from mixture or combination; clean; mere; simple; unmixed; as, pure water; pure clay; pure air; pure compassion. The pure fetters on his shins great. Chaucer. A guinea is pure gold if it has in it no alloy. I. Watts.

2. Free from moral defilement or quilt; hence, innocent; guileless; chaste; — applied to persons. "Keep thyself pure." 1 Tim. v. 22. Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience. 1 Tim. i. 5.

3. Free from that which harms, vitiates, weakens, or pollutes; genuine; real; perfect; — applied to things and actions. "Pure religion and impartial laws." Tickell. "The pure, fine talk of Rome." Ascham. Such was the origin of a friendship as warm and pure as any that ancient or modern history records. Macaulay.

4. (Script.)

Defn: Ritually clean; fitted for holy services. Thou shalt set them in two rows, six on a row, upon the pure table before the Lord. Lev. xxiv. 6.

5. (Phonetics)

Defn: Of a single, simple sound or tone; — said of some vowels and the unaspirated consonants. Pure-impure, completely or totally impure. "The inhabitants were pure-impure pagans." Fuller. — Pure blue. (Chem.) See Methylene blue, under Methylene. — Pure chemistry. See under Chemistry. — Pure mathematics, that portion of mathematics which treats of the principles of the science, or contradistinction to applied mathematics, which treats of the application of the principles to the investigation of other branches of knowledge, or to the practical wants of life. See Mathematics. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ) — Pure villenage (Feudal Law), a tenure of lands by uncertain services at the will of the lord. Blackstone.

Syn. — Unmixed; clear; simple; real; true; genuine; unadulterated; uncorrupted; unsullied; untarnished; unstained; stainless; clean; fair; unspotted; spotless; incorrupt; chaste; unpolluted; undefiled; immaculate; innocent; guiltless; guileless; holy.

PURED Pured, a.

Defn: Purified; refined. [Obs.] "Bread of pured wheat." "Pured gold." Chaucer.

PUREE Pu`rée", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A dish made by boiling any article of food to a pulp and rubbing it through a sieve; as, a purée of fish, or of potatoes; especially, a soup the thickening of which is so treated.

PURELY Pure"ly, adv.

1. In a pure manner (in any sense of the adjective).

2. Nicely; prettily. [Archaic] Halliwell.

PURENESS Pure"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being pure (in any sense of the adjective).

PURFILE Pur"file, n. Etym: [See Purfle.]

Defn: A sort of ancient trimming of tinsel and thread for women's gowns; — called also bobbinwork. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

PURFLE Pur"fle, v. t. Etym: [OF. pourfiler; pour for + fil a thread, L. filum. See Profile, and cf. Purl a border.]

1. To decorate with a wrought or flowered border; to embroider; to ornament with metallic threads; as, to purfle with blue and white. P. Plowman. A goodly lady clad in scarlet red, Purfled with gold and pearl of rich assay. Spenser.

2. (Her.)

Defn: To ornament with a bordure of emines, furs, and the like; also, with gold studs or mountings.

PURFLE; PURFLEW Pur"fle, Pur"flew, n.

1. A hem, border., or trimming, as of embroidered work.

2. (Her.)

Defn: A border of any heraldic fur.

PURFLED Pur"fled, a.

Defn: Ornamented; decorated; esp., embroidered on the edges. Purfled work (Arch.), delicate tracery, especially in Gothic architecture.

PURFLING Pur"fling, n.

Defn: Ornamentation on the border of a thing; specifically, the inlaid border of a musical instrument, as a violin.

PURGAMENT Pur"ga*ment, n. Etym: [L. purgamentum offscourings, washings, expiatory sacrifice. See Purge.]

1. That which is excreted; excretion. [Obs.]

2. (Med.)

Defn: A cathartic; a purgative. [Obs.] Bacon.

PURGATION Pur*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. purgatio: cf. F. purgation. See Purge.]

1. The act of purging; the act of clearing, cleansing, or putifying, by separating and carrying off impurities, or whatever is superfluous; the evacuation of the bowels.

2. (Law)

Defn: The clearing of one's self from a crime of which one was publicly suspected and accused. It was either canonical, which was prescribed by the canon law, the form whereof used in the spiritual court was, that the person suspected take his oath that he was clear of the matter objected against him, and bring his honest neighbors with him to make oath that they believes he swore truly; or vulgar, which was by fire or water ordeal, or by combat. See Ordeal. Wharton. Let him put me to my purgation. Shak.

PURGATIVE Pur"ga*tive, a Etym: [L. purgativus: cf. F. purgatif.]

Defn: Having the power or quality of purging; cathartic. — n. (Med.)

Defn: A purging medicine; a cathartic.

PURGATIVELY Pur"ga*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a purgative manner.

PURGATORIAL; PURGATORIAN Pur`ga*to"ri*al, Pur`ga*to"ri*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to purgatory; expiatory.

PURGATORIAN Pur`ga*to"ri*an, n.

Defn: One who holds to the doctrine of purgatory. Boswell.

PURGATORY Pur"ga*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. purgatorius.]

Defn: Tending to cleanse; cleansing; expiatory. Burke.

PURGATORY Pur"ga*to*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. purgatoire.]

Defn: A state or place of purification after death; according to the Roman Catholic creed, a place, or a state believed to exist after death, in which the souls of persons are purified by expiating such offenses committed in this life as do not merit eternal damnation, or in which they fully satisfy the justice of God for sins that have been forgiven. After this purgation from the impurities of sin, the souls are believed to be received into heaven.

PURGE Purge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purged; p. pr. & vb. n. Purging.] Etym: [F. purger, L. purgare; purus pure + agere to make, to do. See Pure, and Agent.]

1. To cleanse, clear, or purify by separating and carrying off whatever is impure, heterogeneous, foreign, or superfluous. "Till fire purge all things new." Milton.

2. (Med.)

Defn: To operate on as, or by means of, a cathartic medicine, or in a similar manner.

3. To clarify; to defecate, as liquors.

4. To clear of sediment, as a boiler, or of air, as a steam pipe, by driving off or permitting escape.

5. To clear from guilt, or from moral or ceremonial defilement; as, to purge one of guilt or crime. When that he hath purged you from sin. Chaucer. Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean. Ps. li. 7.

6. (Law)

Defn: To clear from accusation, or the charge of a crime or misdemeanor, as by oath or in ordeal.

7. To remove in cleansing; to deterge; to wash away; — often followed by away. Purge away our sins, for thy name's sake. Ps. lxxix. 9. We 'll join our cares to purge away Our country's crimes. Addison.

PURGE Purge, v. i.

1. To become pure, as by clarification.

2. To have or produce frequent evacuations from the intestines, as by means of a cathartic.

PURGE Purge, n. Etym: [Cf. F. purge. See Purge, v. t.]

1. The act of purging. The preparative for the purge of paganism of the kingdom of Northumberland. Fuller.

2. That which purges; especially, a medicine that evacuates the intestines; a cathartic. Arbuthnot.

PURGER Pur"ger, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, purges or cleanses; especially, a cathartic medicine.

PURGERY Pur"ger*y, n.

Defn: The part of a sugarhouse where the molasses is drained off from the sugar.

PURGING Pur"ging, a.

Defn: That purges; cleansing. Purging flax (Bot.), an annual European plant of the genus Linum (L. catharticum); dwarf wild flax; — so called from its use as a cathartic medicine.

PURGING Pur"ging, n. (Med.)

Defn: The act of cleansing; excessive evacuations; especially, diarrhea.

PURI Pur"i, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Euxanthin.

PURIFICATION Pu`ri*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [F. purification, L. purificatio. See Purify.]

1. The act of purifying; the act or operation of separating and removing from anything that which is impure or noxious, or heterogeneous or foreign to it; as, the purification of liquors, or of metals.

2. The act or operation of cleansing ceremonially, by removing any pollution or defilement. When the days of her purification according to the law of Moses were accomplished. Luke ii. 22.

3. A cleansing from guilt or the pollution of sin; the extinction of sinful desires, appetites, and inclinations.

PURIFICATIVE Pu"ri*fi*ca*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. purificatif.]

Defn: Having power to purify; tending to cleanse. [R.]

PURIFICATOR Pu"ri*fi*ca`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, purifies; a purifier.

PURIFICATORY Pu*rif"i*ca*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. purificatorius.]

Defn: Serving or tending to purify; purificative.

PURIFIER Pu"ri*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, purifies or cleanses; a cleanser; a refiner.

PURIFORM Pu"ri*form, a. Etym: [L. pus, puris, pus + -form: cf. F. puriforme.] (Med.)

Defn: In the form of pus.

PURIFY Pu"ri*fy v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purified; p. pr. & vb. n. Purifying.] Etym: [F.purifier, L. purificare; purus pure + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Pure, and -fy.]

1. To make pure or clear from material defilement, admixture, or imperfection; to free from extraneous or noxious matter; as, to purify liquors or metals; to purify the blood; to purify the air.

2. Hence, in figurative uses: (a) To free from guilt or moral defilement; as, to purify the heart. And fit them so Purified to receive him pure. Milton.

(b) To free from ceremonial or legal defilement. And Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of the altar, . . . and purified the altar. Lev. viii. 15. Purify both yourselves and your captives. Num. xxxi. 19.

(c) To free from improprieties or barbarisms; as, to purify a language. Sprat.

PURIFY Pu"ri*fy, v. i.

Defn: To grow or become pure or clear.

PURIM Pu"rim, n. Etym: [Heb. pur, pl. purim, a lot.]

Defn: A Jewish festival, called also the Feast of Lots, instituted to commemorate the deliverance of the Jews from the machinations of Haman. Esther ix. 26.

PURISM Pur"ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. purisme.]

Defn: Rigid purity; the quality of being affectedly pure or nice, especially in the choice of language; over-solicitude as to purity. "His political purism." De Quincey. The English language, however, . . . had even already become too thoroughly and essentially a mixed tongue for his doctrine of purism to be admitted to the letter. Craik.

PURIST Pur"ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. puriste.]

1. One who aims at excessive purity or nicety, esp. in the choice of language. He [Fox] . . . purified vocabulary with a scrupulosity unknown to any purist. Macaulay.

2. One who maintains that the New Testament was written in pure Greek. M. Stuart.

PURISTIC; PURISTICAL Pu*ris"tic, Pu*ris"tic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to purists or purism.

PURITAN Pu"ri*tan, n. Etym: [From Purity.]

1. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One who, in the time of Queen Elizabeth and the first two Stuarts, opposed traditional and formal usages, and advocated simpler forms of faith and worship than those established by law; — originally, a term of reproach. The Puritans formed the bulk of the early population of New England.

Note: The Puritans were afterward distinguished as Political Puritans, Doctrinal Puritans, and Puritans in Discipline. Hume.

2. One who is scrupulous and strict in his religious life; — often used reproachfully or in contempt; one who has overstrict notions. She would make a puritan of the devil. Shak.

PURITAN Pu"ri*tan, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Puritans; resembling, or characteristic of, the Puritans.

PURITANIC; PURITANICAL Pu`ri*tan"ic, Pu`ri*tan"ic*al, a.

1. Of or pertaining to the Puritans, or to their doctrines and practice.

2. Precise in observance of legal or religious requirements; strict; overscrupulous; rigid; — often used by way of reproach or contempt. Paritanical circles, from which plays and novels were strictly excluded. Macaulay. He had all the puritanic traits, both good and evil. Hawthorne.

PURITANICALLY Pu`ri*tan"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a puritanical manner.

PURITANISM Pu"ri*tan*ism, n.

Defn: The doctrines, notions, or practice of Puritans.

PURITANIZE Pu"ri*tan*ize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Puritanized; p. pr. & vb. n. Puritanizing.]

Defn: To agree with, or teach, the doctrines of Puritans; to conform to the practice of Puritans. Bp. Montagu.

PURITY Pu"ri*ty, n. Etym: [OE. purete, purte, OF. purté, F. pureté, from L. puritas, fr. purus pure. See Pure.]

Defn: The condition of being pure. Specifically: (a) freedom from foreign admixture or deleterious matter; as, the purity of water, of wine, of drugs, of metals. (b) Cleanness; freedom from foulness or dirt. "The purity of a linen vesture." Holyday. (c) Freedom from guilt or the defilement of sin; innocence; chastity; as, purity of heart or of life. (d) Freedom from any sinister or improper motives or views. (e) Freedom from foreign idioms, or from barbarous or improper words or phrases; as, purity of style.

PURKINJE'S CELLS Pur"kin*je's cells`. Etym: [From J. E. Purkinje, their discoverer.] (Anat.)

Defn: Large ganglion cells forming a layer near the surface of the cerebellum.

PURL Purl, v. t. Etym: [Contr. fr. purfile, purfle. See Purfle.]

Defn: To decorate with fringe or embroidery. "Nature's cradle more enchased and purled." B. Jonson.

PURL Purl, n.

1. An embroidered and puckered border; a hem or fringe, often of gold or silver twist; also, a pleat or fold, as of a band. A triumphant chariot made of carnation velvet, enriched withpurl and pearl. Sir P. Sidney .

2. An inversion of stitches in knitting, which gives to the work a ribbed or waved appearance. Purl stitch. Same as Purl, n., 2.

PURL Purl, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Purled; p. pr. & vb. n. Purling.] Etym: [Cf. Sw. porla, and E. pur to murmur as a cat.]

1. To run swiftly round, as a small stream flowing among stones or other obstructions; to eddy; also, to make a murmuring sound, as water does in running over or through obstructions. Swift o'er the rolling pebbles, down the hills, Louder and louder purl the falling rills. Pope.

2. Etym: [Perh. fr. F. perler to pearl, to bead. See Pearl, v. & n.]

Defn: To rise in circles, ripples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle. thin winding breath which purled up to the sky. Shak.

PURL Purl, n. Etym: [See 3d Purl.]

1. A circle made by the notion of a fluid; an eddy; a ripple. Whose stream an easy breath doth seem to blow, Which on the sparkling gravel runs in purles, As though the waves had been of silver curls. Drayton.

2. A gentle murmur, as that produced by the running of a liquid among obstructions; as, the purl of a brook.

3. Etym: [Perh. from F.perler, v. See Purl to mantle.]

Defn: Malt liquor, medicated or spiced; formerly, ale or beer in which wormwood or other bitter herbs had been infused, and which was regarded as tonic; at present, hot beer mixed with gin, sugar, and spices. "Drank a glass of purl to recover appetite." Addison. "Drinking hot purl, and smoking pipes." Dickens.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A tern. [Prov. Eng.]

PURLIEU Pur"lieu, n. Etym: [Corrupted (by influence of lieu place) fr. OF. puralée, poralée (equiv. to LL. perambulatio a survey of boundaries, originally, a going through); por (L. pro, confused, however, with L. per through) + alée. See Pro-, and Alley.] [Written also pourlieu.]

1. Originally, the ground near a royal forest, which, having been unlawfully added to the forest, was afterwards severed from it, and disafforested so as to remit to the former owners their rights. Then as a tiger, who by chance hath spied In some purlieu two gentle fawns at play. Milton.

2. Hence, the outer portion of any place; an adjacent district; environs; neighborhood. "The purlieus of St. James." brokers had been incessantly plying for custom in the purlieus of the court. Macaulay.

PURLIN; PURLINE Pur"lin, Pur"line, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Arch.)

Defn: In root construction, a horizontal member supported on the principals and supporting the common rafters.

PURLING Purl"ing, n. Etym: [See 3d Purl.]

Defn: The motion of a small stream running among obstructions; also, the murmur it makes in so doing.

PURLOIN Pur*loin", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purloined; p. pr. & vb. n. Purloining.] Etym: [OF. purloignier, porloignier, to retard, delay; pur, por, pour, for (L. pro) + loin far, far off (L. longe). See Prolong, and cf. Eloign.]

Defn: To take or carry away for one's self; hence, to steal; to take by theft; to filch. Had from his wakeful custody purloined The guarded gold. Milton. when did the muse from Fletcher scenes purloin Dryden.

PURLOIN Pur*loin", v. i.

Defn: To practice theft; to steal. Titus ii. 10.

PURLOINER Pur*loin"er, n.

Defn: One who purloins. Swift.

PURPARTY Pur"par`ty, n. Etym: [OF. pourpartie; pour for + partie a part; cf. OF. purpart a respective part.] (Law)

Defn: A share, part, or portion of an estate allotted to a coparcener. [Written also purpart, and pourparty.] I am forced to eat all the game of your purparties, as well as my own thirds. Walpole.

PURPLE Pur"ple, n.; pl. Purples. Etym: [OE. purpre, pourpre, OF. purpre, porpre, pourpre, F. pourpre, L. purpura purple fish, purple dye, fr. Gr. furere to rage, E. fury: cf. AS. purpure. Cf. Porphyry, Purpure.]

1. A color formed by, or resembling that formed by, a combination of the primary colors red and blue. Arraying with reflected purple and gold The clouds that on his western throne attend. Milton.

Note: The ancient words which are translated purple are supposed to have been used for the color we call crimson. In the gradations of color as defined in art, purple is a mixture of red and blue. When red predominates it is called violet, and when blue predominates, hyacinth.

2. Cloth dyed a purple color, or a garment of such color; especially, a purple robe, worn as an emblem of rank or authority; specifically, the purple rode or mantle worn by Roman emperors as the emblem of imperial dignity; as, to put on the imperial purple. Thou shalt make the tabernacle with ten curtains of fine twined linen, and purple, and scarlet. Ex. xxvi. 1.

3. Hence: Imperial sovereignty; royal rank, dignity, or favor; loosely and colloquially, any exalted station; great wealth. "He was born in the purple." Gibbon.

4. A cardinalate. See Cardinal.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of large butterflies, usually marked with purple or blue, of the genus Basilarchia (formerly Limenitis) as, the banded purple (B. arthemis). See Illust. under Ursula.

6. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any shell of the genus Purpura.

7. pl.(Med.)

Defn: See Purpura.

8. pl.

Defn: A disease of wheat. Same as Earcockle.

Note: Purple is sometimes used in composition, esp. with participles forming words of obvious signification; as, purple-colored, purple- hued, purple-stained, purple-tinged, purple-tinted, and the like. French purple. (Chem.) Same as Cudbear. — Purple of Cassius. See Cassius. — Purple of mollusca (Zoöl.), a coloring matter derived from certain mollusks, which dyes wool, etc., of a purple or crimson color, and is supposed to be the substance of the famous Tyrian dye. It is obtained from Ianthina, and from several species of Purpura, and Murex. — To be born in the purple, to be of princely birth; to be highborn.

PURPLE Pur"ple, a.

1. Exhibiting or possessing the color called purple, much esteemed for its richness and beauty; of a deep red, or red and blue color; as, a purple robe.

2. Imperial; regal; — so called from the color having been an emblem of imperial authority. Hide in the dust thy purple pride. Shelley.

3. Blood-red; bloody. May such purple tears be alway shed. Shak. I view a field of blood, And Tiber rolling with a purple blood. Dryden. Purple bird (Zoöl.), the European purple gallinule. See under Gallinule. — Purple copper ore. (Min.) See Bornite. — Purple grackle (Zoöl.), the crow blackbird. See under Crow. — Purple martin. See under Martin. — Purple sandpiper. See under Sandpiper. — Purple shell. See Ianthina.

PURPLE Pur"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purpled; p. pr. & vb. n. Purpling.]

Defn: To make purple; to dye of purple or deep red color; as, hands purpled with blood. When morn Purples the east. Milton. Reclining soft in blissful bowers, Purpled sweet with springing flowers. Fenton.

PURPLEHEART Pur"ple*heart`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A strong, durable, and elastic wood of a purplish color, obtained from several tropical American leguminous trees of the genus Copaifera (C. pubiflora, bracteata, and officinalis). Used for decorative veneering. See Copaiba.

PURPLEWOOD Pur"ple*wood`, n.

Defn: Same as Purpleheart.

PURPLISH Pur"plish, a.

Defn: Somewhat purple. Boyle.

PURPORT Pur"port, n. Etym: [OF. purport; pur, pour, for (L. pro) + porter to bear, carry. See Port demeanor.]

1. Design or tendency; meaning; import; tenor. The whole scope and purport of that dialogue. Norris. With a look so piteous in purport As if he had been loosed out of hell. Shak.

2. Disguise; covering. [Obs.] For she her sex under that strange purport Did use to hide. Spenser.

PURPORT Pur"port, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purported; p. pr. & vb. n. Purporting.] Etym: [OF. purporter, pourporter. See Purport, n.]

Defn: To intend to show; to intend; to mean; to signify; to import; - - often with an object clause or infinitive. They in most grave and solemn wise unfolded Matter which little purported. Rowe.

PURPORTLESS Pur"port*less, a.

Defn: Without purport or meaning.

PURPOSE Pur"pose, n. Etym: [OF. purpos, pourpos, propos, L. propositum. See Propound.]

1. That which a person sets before himself as an object to be reached or accomplished; the end or aim to which the view is directed in any plan, measure, or exertion; view; aim; design; intention; plan. He will his firste purpos modify. Chaucer. As my eternal purpose hath decreed. Milton. The flighty purpose never is o'ertook Unless the deed go with it. Shak.

2. Proposal to another; discourse. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. Instance; example. [Obs.] L'Estrange. In purpose, Of purpose, On purpose, with previous design; with the mind directed to that object; intentionally. On purpose is the form now generally used.

Syn. — design; end; intention; aim. See Design.

PURPOSE Pur"pose, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Purposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Purposing.] Etym: [OF. purposer, proposer. See Propose.]

1. To set forth; to bring forward. [Obs.]

2. To propose, as an aim, to one's self; to determine upon, as some end or object to be accomplished; to intend; to design; to resolve; - - often followed by an infinitive or dependent clause. Chaucer. Did nothing purpose against the state. Shak. I purpose to write the history of England from the accession of King James the Second down to a time which is within the memory of men still living. Macaulay.

PURPOSE Pur"pose, v. i.

Defn: To have a purpose or intention; to discourse. [Obs.] Spenser.

PURPOSEDLY Pur"posed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a purposed manner; according to purpose or design; purposely. A poem composed purposedly of the Trojan war. Holland.

PURPOSEFUL Pur"pose*ful, a.

Defn: Important; material. "Purposeful accounts." Tylor. — Pur"pose*ful*ly, adv.

PURPOSELESS Pur"pose*less, a.

Defn: Having no purpose or result; objectless. Bp. Hall. — Pur"pose*less*ness, n.

PURPOSELY Pur"pose*ly, adv.

Defn: With purpose or design; intentionally; with predetermination; designedly. In composing this discourse, I purposely declined all offensive and displeasing truths. Atterbury. So much they scorn the crowd, that if the throng By chance go right, they purposely go wrong. Pope.

PURPOSER Pur"pos*er, n.

1. One who brings forward or proposes anything; a proposer. [Obs.]

2. One who forms a purpose; one who intends.

PURPOSIVE Pur"po*sive, a.

Defn: Having or indicating purpose or design. "Purposive characters." Bastian. Purposive modification of structure in a bone. Owen. It is impossible that the frog should perform actions morepurposive than these. Huxley.

PURPRE Pur"pre, n. & a.

Defn: Purple. [Obs.] Chaucer.

PURPRESTURE Pur*pres"ture, n. Etym: [Probably corrupted (see Prest) fr. OF. pourprisure, fr. pourprendre: cf. LL. purprestura. Cf. Purprise.] (Law)

Defn: Wrongful encroachment upon another's property; esp., any encroachment upon, or inclosure of, that which should be common or public, as highways, rivers, harbors, forts, etc. [Written also pourpresture.]

PURPRISE Pur"prise, n. Etym: [OF. pourpris,fr. pourprendre to take away entirely; pour for + prendre to take.]

Defn: A close or inclosure; the compass of a manor. Bacon.

PURPURA Pur"pu*ra, n. Etym: [L., purple, purple fish: cf. F. purpura. See Purple.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A disease characterized by livid spots on the skin from extravasated blood, with loss of muscular strength, pain in the limbs, and mental dejection; the purples. Dunglison.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine gastropods, usually having a rough and thick shell. Some species yield a purple dye.

PURPURATE Pur"pu*rate, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to purpura.

PURPURATE Pur"pu*rate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of purpuric acid.

PURPURE Pur"pure, n. Etym: [L. purpura purple. See Purple.] (Her.)

Defn: Purple, — represented in engraving by diagonal lines declining from the right top to the left base of the escutcheon (or from sinister chief to dexter base).

PURPUREAL Pur*pu"re*al, a.

Defn: Of a purple color; purple.

PURPUREO- Pur*pu"re*o-.