K (continued 3)

Defn: Hill; mountain. [South Africa]

KOPECK Ko"peck, n. Etym: [Russ. kopeika.]

Defn: A small Russian coin. One hundred kopecks make a rouble, worth about sixty cents. [Written also kopek, copec, and copeck.]

KOPJE Kop"je, n. [South African D., dim. of kop. See Kop.]

Defn: A hillock; a small kop. [South Africa]

The colloqual Dutch pronunciation as here given is the usual one in South Africa.

KORAN Ko"ran, n. Etym: [Ar. goran. See Alcoran.]

Defn: The Scriptures of the Mohammedans, containing the professed revelations to Mohammed; — called also Alcoran. [Written also Kuran or Quran.]

KORIN Ko"rin, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The gazelle.

KORRIGUM Kor"ri*gum, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A West African antelope (Damalis Senegalensis), allied to the sassaby. It is reddish gray, with a black face, and a black stripe on the outside of the legs above the knees.

KOSHER Ko"sher, a. [heb. koshër fit, proper.]

Defn: Ceremonially clean, according to Jewish law; —applied to food, esp. to meat of animals slaughtered according to the requirements of Jewish law. Opposed to tref. Hence, designating a shop, store, house, etc., where such food is sold or used.

KOSHER Ko"sher, n.

Defn: Kosher food; also, a kosher shop.

KOSHER Ko"sher, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Koshered; p. pr. & vb. n. Koshering.]

Defn: To prepare in conformity with the requirements of the Jewish law, as meat.

KOSMOS Kos"mos, n.

Defn: See Cosmos. Gladstone.

KOTOW Ko*tow", n. Etym: [Chinese, knock head.]

Defn: The prostration made by mandarins and others to their superiors, either as homage or worship, by knocking the forehead on the ground. There are degrees in the rite, the highest being expressed by three knockings. [China]kowtow S. W. Williams.

KOTOW Ko*tow", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Kotowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Kotowing.]

Defn: To perform the kotow.kowtow

KOULAN Kou"lan, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wild horse (Equus, or Asinus, onager) inhabiting the plants of Central Asia; — called also gour, khur, and onager. [Written also kulan.]

Note: It is sometimes confounded with the dziggetai, to which it is closely related. It is gray in winter, but fulvous in summer. It has a well defined, dark, dorsal stripe, and a short, erect mane. In size, it is intermediate between the horse and ass.

KOUMISS Kou"miss, n. Etym: [Russ. kumys; of Mongolian origin.]

Defn: An intoxicating fermented or distilled liquor originally made by the Tartars from mare's or camel's milk. It can be obtained from any kind of milk, and is now largely made in Europe. [Written also koumyss, kumiss, kumish, and kumys.] Koumiss has from time immemorial served the Tartar instead of wine or spirits. J. H. Newman.

KOUSSO Kous"so, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An Abyssinian rosaceous tree (Brayera anthelmintica), the flowers of which are used as a vermifuge. [Written also cusso and kosso.]

KOWTOW Kow*tow", n. & v. i.

Defn: The same as Kotow. I have salaamed and kowtowed to him. H. James.

KRA Kra, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A long-tailed ape (Macacus cynomolgus) of India and Sumatra. It is reddish olive, spotted with black, and has a black tail.

KRAAL Kraal, n. Etym: [D., a village, inclosure, park, prob. fr. Pg. curral a cattle pen; the same word as Sp. corral. See Corral.]

1. A collection of huts within a stockade; a village; sometimes, a single hut. [South Africa]

2. An inclosure into which are driven wild elephants which are to be tamed and educated. [Ceylon]

KRAIT Krait, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A very venomous snake of India (Bungarus coeruleus), allied to the cobra. Its upper parts are bluish or brownish black, often with narrow white streaks; the belly is whitish.

KRAKEN Kra"ken, n. Etym: [Prob. from OSw. krake, or ODan. krage the trunk of a tree, the branches of which are not entirely cut off, to which it was likened by the Norwegian mariners.]

Defn: A fabulous Scandinavian sea monster, often represented as resembling an island, but sometimes as resembling an immense octopus. To believe all that has been said of the sea serpent or kraken, would be credulity; to reject the possibility of their existence, would be presumption. Goldsmith. Like a kraken huge and black. Longfellow.

KRAKOWIAK Kra*ko"wi*ak, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A lively Polish dance. See Cracovienne.

KRAMERIA Kra*me"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. So called after the German botanists, J. G. H. & W. H. Kramer.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of spreading shrubs with many stems, from one species of which (K. triandra), found in Peru, rhatany root, used as a medicine, is obtained.

KRAMERIC Kra*mer"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, Krameria (rhatany); as, krameric acid, usually called ratanhia-tannic acid.

KRANG Krang, n. Etym: [Cf. D. kreng a carcass.]

Defn: The carcass of a whale after the blubber has been removed. [Written also crang and kreng.]

KRANGING HOOK Krang"ing hook`. (Whaling)

Defn: A hook for holding the blubber while cutting it away. [Written also cranging hook.]

KREATIC Kre*at"ic, a.

Defn: See Creatic.

KREATIN Kre"a*tin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Creatin.

KREATININ Kre*at"i*nin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Creatinin.

KREEL Kreel, n.

Defn: See Creel.

KREMLIN Krem"lin, n. Etym: [Russ. kremle.]

Defn: The citadel of a town or city; especially, the citadel of Moscow, a large inclosure which contains imperial palaces, cathedrals, churches, an arsenal, etc. [Russia]

KREMS Krems, n.

Defn: A variety of white lead. See Krems lead, under Lead, n.

KRENG Kreng, n.

Defn: See Krang.

KREOSOTE Kre"o*sote, n.

Defn: See Creosote.

KREUTZER Kreut"zer, n. Etym: [G. kreuzer.]

Defn: A small copper coin formerly used in South Germany; also, a small Austrian copper coin. [Written also kreuzer.]

KRIEGSSPIEL Kriegs"spiel` (, n. Etym: [G., fr. krieg war + spiel play.]

Defn: A game of war, played for practice, on maps. Farrow.

KRIS Kris, n.

Defn: A Malay dagger. See Creese.

KRISHNA Krish"na (, n. Etym: [Skr. (Hindoo Myth.)

Defn: The most popular of the Hindoo divinities, usually held to be the eighth incarnation of the god Vishnu.

KRITARCHY Kri"tarch*y, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The rule of the judges over Israel. Samson, Jephthah, Gideon, and other heroes of the kritarchy. Southey.

KROKIDOLITE Kro*kid"o*lite, n. (Min.)

Defn: See Crocidolite.

KRONE Kro"ne, n.Etym: [Dan.]

Defn: A coin of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, of the value of about twenty-eight cents. See Crown, n., 9.

KROOMAN Kroo"man, n.; pl. Kroomen (.

Defn: One of a negro tribe of Liberia and the adjacent coast, whose members are much employed on shipboard.

KRULLER Krul"ler, n.

Defn: See Cruller.

KRUMMHORN; KRUMHORN Krumm"horn`, Krum"horn`, n. Etym: [G. krummhorn horn.] (Mus.) (a) A reed instrument of music of the cornet kind, now obsolete (see Cornet, 1, a.) (b) A reed stop in the organ; — sometimes called cremona.

KRUPP GUN Krupp" gun"

Defn: . A breech-loading steel cannon manufactured at the works of Friedrich Krupp, at Essen in Prussia. Guns of over eight-inch bore are made up of several concentric cylinders; those of a smaller size are forged solid. Knight.

KRUPPIZE Krupp"ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kruppized; p. pr. & vb. n. Kruppizing.] (Metal.)

Defn: To treat by, or subject to, the Krupp process.

KRUPP PROCESS Krupp process. (Iron Metal.) (a) A process practiced by Friedrich Krupp, Essen, Germany, for washing pig iron, differing from the Bell process in using manganese as well as iron oxide, and performed in a Pernot furnace. Called also the Bell-Krupp process. (b) A process for the manufacture of steel armor plates, invented or practiced by Krupp, the details of which are secret. It is understood to involve the addition of chromium as well as nickel to the metal, and to include a treatment like that of the Harvey process with unknown variations or additions. The product is mentioned by some authors, as improved Harvey, or Harvey-Krupp armor plate.

KRYOLITE Kry"o*lite, n. (Min.)

Defn: See Cryolite.

KRYPTON Kryp"ton, n. [NL., fr. Gr. , neut. of hidden.] (Chem.)

Defn: An inert gaseous element of the argon group, occurring in air to the extent of about one volume in a million. It was discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898. Liquefying point, — 152º C.; symbol, Kr; atomic weight, 83.0.

KSAR Ksar, n.

Defn: See Czar.

KSHATRIYA; KSHATRUYA Ksha"tri*ya, Ksha"tru*ya, n.Etym: [Skr. kshatriya one belonging to the military caste.]

Defn: The military caste, the second of the four great Hindoo castes; also, a member of that caste. See Caste. [India]

KUDA Ku"da, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The East Indian tapir. See Tapir.

KUDOS Ku"dos, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ky^dos glory.]

Defn: Glory; fame; renown; praise. W. H. Russel.

KUDOS Ku"dos, v. t.

Defn: To praise; to extol; to glorify. "Kudos'd egregiously." [R.] Southey.

KUDU Ku"du, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Koodoo.

KUFIC Ku"fic, a.

Defn: See Cufic.

KUKANG Ku*kang", n. (Zoöl.) Etym: [Native name.]

Defn: The slow lemur. See Lemur.

KUKLUX Ku`klux", n.

Defn: The name adopted in the southern part of the United States by a secret political organization, active for several years after the close of the Civil War, and having for its aim the repression of the political power of the freedmen; — called also Kuklux Klan.

KULAN Ku"lan, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Koulan.

KULTURKAMPF Kul*tur"kampf`, n. [G., fr. kultur, cultur, culture + kampf fight.] (Ger. Hist.)

Defn: Lit., culture war; — a name, originating with Virchow (1821 — 1902), given to a struggle between the the Roman Catholic Church and the German government, chiefly over the latter's efforts to control educational and ecclesiastical appointments in the interest of the political policy of centralization. The struggle began with the passage by the Prussian Diet in May, 1873, of the so-called May laws, or Falk laws, aiming at the regulation of the clergy. Opposition eventually compelled the government to change its policy, and from 1880 to 1887 laws virtually nullifying the May laws were enacted.

KUMISH; KUMISS Ku"mish, Ku"miss, n.

Defn: See Koumiss.

KUMMEL Kum"mel, n. Etym: [G. kümmel cumin, caraway seed, L. cuminum. Cf. Cumin.]

Defn: A Russian and German liqueur, consisting of a sweetened spirit flavored with caraway seeds.

KUMQUAT Kum"quat, n. Etym: [Chin. kin keu.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small tree of the genus Citrus (C. Japonica) growing in China and Japan; also, its small acid, orange-colored fruit used for preserves.

KUPFERNICKEL Kup"fer*nick"el, n. Etym: [G. See Copper, and Nickel.] (Min.)

Defn: Copper-nickel; niccolite. See Niccolite.

KURD Kurd, n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of a mountainous region of Western Asia belonging to the Turkish and Persian monarchies. [Written also Koord.]

KURDISH Kurd"ish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Kurds. [Written also Koordish.]

KURILIAN Ku*ril"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Kurile Islands, a chain of islands in the Pacific ocean, extending from the southern extremity of Kamschatka to Yesso. — n.

Defn: A native or an inhabitant of the Kurile Islands. [Written also Koorilian.]

KURO-SIWO Ku"ro-Siwo, n. [Jap. kuroshio; kuro black + shio tide.]

Defn: See Japan Current, above.

KURSAAL Kur"saal`, n.Etym: [G.]

Defn: A public hall or room, for the use of visitors at watering places and health resorts in Germany.

KUSIMANSE Ku`si*man"se, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A carnivorous animal (Crossarchus obscurus) of tropical Africa. It its allied to the civets. Called also kusimansel, and mangue.

KUSKUS Kus"kus, Etym: [Per. & Hind. khaskhas.] (Bot.)

Defn: See Vetiver.

KUSSIER Kus"si*er, n.

Defn: (Mus.) A Turkish instrument of music, with a hollow body covered with skin, over which five strings are stretched. [Written also kussir.]

KUTAUSS Ku*tauss", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The India civet (Viverra zibetha).

KUTCH Kutch, n. (Goldbeating)

Defn: The packet of vellum leaves in which the gold is first beaten into thin sheets.

KUTCH Kutch, n.

Defn: See Catechu.

KY Ky, n. pl.

Defn: Kine. [Scot.] See Kee, Kie, and Kine.

KYABOCA WOOD Ky`a*bo"ca wood`. (Bot.) (a) Amboyna wood. (b) Sandalwood (Santalum album).

KYACK Ky"ack, n.

Defn: A pack sack to be swung on either side of a packsaddle. [Western U. S.]

KYANITE Ky"an*ite, n.

Defn: See Cyanite.

KYANIZE Ky"an*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Kyanized; p. pr. & vb. n. Kyanizing.] Etym: [From Mr. Kyan, the inventor of the process.]

Defn: To render (wood) proof against decay by saturating with a solution of corrosive sublimate in open tanks, or under pressure.

KYANOL Ky"a*nol, n. Etym: [See Cyanite.] (Chem.) (a) Aniline. [Obs.] (b) A base obtained from coal tar. Ure.

KYANOPHYLL Ky*an"o*phyll, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Cyanophyll.

KYAR Kyar, n.

Defn: Cocoanut fiber, or the cordage made from it. See Coir.

KYAW Kyaw, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A daw. [Scot.]

KYD Kyd,

Defn: p. p. of Kythe.

KYDDE Kyd"de (,

Defn: imp. of Kythe, to show. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Note: Spenser erroneously uses kydst to mean "knowest."

KYKE Kyke, v. i. Etym: [See 1st Kike.]

Defn: To look steadfastly; to gaze. [Obs.] [Written also kike, keke.] This Nicholas sat ever gaping upright, As he had kyked on the newe moon. Chaucer.

KYLEY Ky"ley, n.

Defn: A variety of the boomerang.

KYLOES Ky"loes, n. pl.

Defn: The cattle of the Hebrides, or of the Highlands. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

KYMNEL Kym"nel, n.

Defn: See Kimnel. [Obs.] Chapman.

KYMOGRAPH Ky"mo*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.] (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument for measuring, and recording graphically, the pressure of the blood in any of the blood vessels of a living animal; — called also kymographion.

KYMOGRAPHIC Ky`mo*graph"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a kymograph; as, a kymographic tracing.

KYMRIC Kym"ric, a & n.

Defn: See Cymric, a. & n.

KYMRY Kym"ry, n.

Defn: See Cymry.

KYNREDE Kyn"rede, n.

Defn: Kindred. [Obs.] Chaucer.

KYNURENIC Ky`nu*ren"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from the urine of dogs. By decomposition the acid yields a nitrogenous base (called kynurin) and carbonic acid. [Written also cynurenic.]

KYRIE Kyr"i*e, n.

Defn: See Kyrie eleison.

KYRIE ELEISON Kyr"i*e e*lei"son. Etym: [Gr. ky`rie 'elei^son .]

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Greek words, meaning "Lord, have mercy upon us," used in the Mass, the breviary offices, the litany of the saints, etc. Addis & Arnold.

2. The name given to the response to the Commandments, in the service of the Church of England and of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

KYRIELLE Kyr`i*elle, n. Etym: [Cf. F. kyrielle.]

Defn: A litany beginning with the words. "Kyrie eleison." Shipley.

KYRIOLEXY; KYRIOLOGY Kyr"i*o*lex`y, Kyr`i*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. Curiologic.]

Defn: The use of literal or simple expressions, as distinguished from the use of figurative or obscure ones. Krauth-Fleming.

KYRIOLOGICAL Kyr`i*o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Curiologic.]

Defn: Serving to denote objects by conventional signs or alphabetical characters; as, the original Greek alphabet of sixteen letters was called kyriologic, because it represented the pure elementary sounds. See Curiologic. [Written also curiologic and kuriologic.]

Note: The term is also applied, as by Warburton, to those Egyptian hieroglyphics, in which a part is put conventionally for the whole, as in depicting a battle by two hands, one holding a shield and the other a bow.

KYTHE; KITHE Kythe, Kithe, v. t. [imp. Kydde, Kidde (kîd"de); p. p. Kythed, Kid; p. pr. & vb. n. Kything.] Etym: [OE. kythen, kithen, cu, to make known, AS. c, fr. c known. Uncouth, Ca to be able, and cf. Kith.]

Defn: To make known; to manifest; to show; to declare. [Obs: or Scot.] For gentle hearte kytheth gentilesse. Chaucer.

KYTHE Kythe, v. t.

Defn: To come into view; to appear. [Scot.] It kythes bright . . . because all is dark around it. Sir W. Scott.

KYTOMITON Ky*tom"i*ton, n.Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: See Karyomiton.

KYTOPLASMA Ky`to*plas"ma, n.Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: See Karyoplasma.