S (continued 19)

Syn. — Hard; firm; compact; strong; substantial; stable; sound; real; valid; true; just; weighty; profound; grave; important. — Solid, Hard. These words both relate to the internal constitution of bodies; but hardnotes a more impenetrable nature or a firmer adherence of the component parts than solid. Hard is opposed to soft, and solid to fluid, liquid, open, or hollow. Wood is usually solid; but some kinds of wood are hard, and others are soft. Repose you there; while I [return] to this hard house, More harder than the stones whereof 't is raised. Shak. I hear his thundering voice resound, And trampling feet than shake the solid ground. Dryden.

SOLID Sol"id, n.

1. A substance that is held in a fixed form by cohesion among its particles; a substance not fluid.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: A magnitude which has length, breadth, and thickness; a part of space bounded on all sides. Solid of revolution. (Geom.) See Revolution, n., 5.

SOLIDAGO Sol`i*da"go, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. solidare to strengthen, unite; — so called in allusion to its reputed healing qualities.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of yellow-flowered composite perennial herbs; golden- rod.

SOLIDARE Sol"i*dare, n. Etym: [LL. solidus. Cf. Sou.]

Defn: A small piece of money. [Obs.] Shak.

SOLIDARITY Sol`i*dar"i*ty, n. Etym: [F. solidarité, fr. solide. See Solid.]

Defn: An entire union or consolidation of interests and responsibilities; fellowship; community. Solidarity [a word which we owe to the French Communists], signifies a fellowship in gain and loss, in honor and dishonor, in victory and defeat, a being, so to speak, all in the same boat. Trench. The solidarity . . . of Breton and Welsh poetry. M. Arnold.

SOLIDARY Sol"i*da*ry, a.

Defn: Having community of interests and responsibilities. Men are solidary, or copartners; and not isolated. M. Arnold.

SOLIDATE Sol"i*date, v. t. Etym: [L. solidatus, p. p. of solidare. See Solder.]

Defn: To make solid or firm. [Obs.] Cowley.

SOLID-DRAWN Sol"id-drawn`, a.

Defn: Drawn out from a heated solid bar, as by a process of spiral rolling which first hollows the bar and then expands the cavity by forcing the bar over a pointed mandrel fixed in front of the rolls; - - said of a weldless tube.

SOLIDIFIABLE So*lid"i*fi`a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being solidified.

SOLIDIFICATION So*lid`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. solidification.]

Defn: Act of solidifying, or state of being solidified.

SOLIDIFY So*lid"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solidified; p. pr. & vb. n. Solidifying.] Etym: [Solid + -fy: cf. F. solidifier.]

Defn: To make solid or compact. Every machine is a solidified mechanical theorem. H. Spencer.

SOLIDIFY So*lid"i*fy, v. i.

Defn: To become solid; to harden.

SOLIDISM Sol"id*ism, n. (Med.)

Defn: The doctrine that refers all diseases to morbid changes of the solid parts of the body. It rests on the view that the solids alone are endowed with vital properties, and can receive the impression of agents tending to produce disease.

SOLIDIST Sol"id*ist, n. (Med.)

Defn: An advocate of, or believer in, solidism. Dunglison.

SOLIDITY So*lid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. soliditas: cf. F. solidité.]

1. The state or quality of being solid; density; consistency, — opposed to fluidity; compactness; fullness of matter, — opposed to openness or hollowness; strength; soundness, — opposed to weakness or instability; the primary quality or affection of matter by which its particles exclude or resist all others; hardness; massiveness. That which hinders the approach of two bodies when they are moving one toward another, I call solidity. Locke.

2. Moral firmness; soundness; strength; validity; truth; certainty; - - as opposed to weakness or fallaciousness; as, the solidity of arguments or reasoning; the solidity of principles, triuths, or opinions.

3. (Geom.)

Defn: The solid contents of a body; volume; amount of inclosed space.

Syn. — Firmness; solidness; hardness; density; compactness; strength; soundness; validity; certainty.

SOLIDLY Sol"id*ly, adv.

Defn: In a solid manner; densely; compactly; firmly; truly.

SOLIDNESS Sol"id*ness, n.

1. State or quality of being solid; firmness; compactness; solidity, as of material bodies.

2. Soundness; strength; truth; validity, as of arguments, reasons, principles, and the like.

SOLIDUNGULA Sol`id*un"gu*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. solidus solid + ungula a hoof.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A tribe of ungulates which includes the horse, ass, and related species, constituting the family Equidæ.

SOLIDUNGULAR Sol`id*un"gu*lar, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Solipedous.

SOLIDUNGULATE Sol`id*un"gu*late, n. Etym: [Solid + ungulate.] (Zool.)

Defn: Same as Soliped.

SOLIDUNGULOUS Sol`id*un"gu*lous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Solipedous.

SOLIFIDIAN Sol`i*fid"i*an, n. Etym: [L. solus alone + fides faith.] (Eccl.)

Defn: One who maintains that faith alone, without works, is sufficient for justification; — opposed to nullifidian. Hammond.

SOLIFIDIAN Sol`i*fid"i*an, a.

Defn: Holding the tenets of Solifidians; of or pertaining to the solifidians.

SOLIFIDIANISM Sol`i*fid"i*an*ism, n.

Defn: The state of Solifidians.

SOLIFORM Sol"i*form, a. Etym: [L. sol sun + -form.]

Defn: Like the sun in form, appearance, or nature; resembling the sun. [R.] "Soliform things." Cudworth.

SOLIFUGAE So*lif"u*gæ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. solifuga (better solipuga), a kind of venomous ant, or spider.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of arachnids having large, powerful fangs and a segmented abdomen; — called also Solpugidea, and Solpugides.

SOLILOQUIZE So*lil"o*quize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Soliloquized; p. pr. & vb. n. Soliloquizing.]

Defn: To utter a soliloquy; to talk to one's self.

SOLILOQUY So*lil"o*quy, n.; pl. Soliloquies. Etym: [L. soliloquium; solus alone + loqui to speak. See Sole ly, and Loquacious.]

1. The act of talking to one's self; a discourse made by one in solitude to one's self; monologue. Lovers are always allowed the comfort of soliloquy. Spectator.

2. A written composition, reciting what it is supposed a person says to himself. The whole poem is a soliloquy. Prior.

SOLIPED Sol"i*ped, n. Etym: [Cf. F. solipède, It. solipede, Sp. solipedo; apparently fr. L. solus alone + pes, pedis, a foot; but probably fr. L. solidipes solid-footed, whole-hoofed. See Solid, and Pedal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mammal having a single hoof on each foot, as the horses and asses; a solidungulate. [Written also solipede.] The solipeds, or firm-hoofed animals, as horses, asses, and mules, etc., — they are, also, in mighty number. Sir T. Browne.

SOLIPEDOUS So*lip"e*dous, a.

Defn: Having single hoofs.

SOLIPSISM So*lip"sism, n. Etym: [L. solus alone + ipse self.]

1. (Ethics)

Defn: Egotism. Krauth-Fleming.

2. (Metaph.)

Defn: Egoism. Krauth-Fleming.

SOLISEQUIOUS Sol`i*se"qui*ous, a. Etym: [L. sol sun + sequi to follow.]

Defn: Following the course of the sun; as, solisequious plants. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

SOLITAIRE Sol`i*taire", n. Etym: [F. See Solitary.]

1. A person who lives in solitude; a recluse; a hermit. Pope.

2. A single diamond in a setting; also, sometimes, a precious stone of any kind set alone. Diamond solitaires blazing on his breast and wrists. Mrs. R. H. Davis.

3. A game which one person can play alone; — applied to many games of cards, etc.; also, to a game played on a board with pegs or balls, in which the object is, beginning with all the places filled except one, to remove all but one of the pieces by "jumping," as in draughts.

4. (Zoöl.) (a) A large extinct bird (Pezophaps solitaria) which formerly inhabited the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigeuz. It was larger and taller than the wild turkey. Its wings were too small for flight. Called also solitary. (b) Any species of American thrushlike birds of the genus Myadestes. They are noted their sweet songs and retiring habits. Called also fly-catching thrush. A West Indian species (Myadestes sibilans) is called the invisible bird.

SOLITARIAN Sol`i*ta"ri*an, n. Etym: [See Solitary.]

Defn: A hermit; a solitary. [Obs.] Sir R. Twisden.

SOLITARIETY Sol`i*ta*ri"e*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being solitary; solitariness. [Obs.] Cudworth.

SOLITARILY Sol"i*ta*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a solitary manner; in solitude; alone. Mic. vii. 14.

SOLITARINESS Sol"i*ta*ri*ness, n.

Defn: Condition of being solitary.

SOLITARY Sol"i*ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. solitarius, fr. solus alone: cf. F. solitaire. See Sole, a., and cf. Solitaire.]

1. Living or being by one's self; having no companion present; being without associates; single; alone; lonely. Those rare and solitary, these in flocks. Milton. Hie home unto my chamber, Where thou shalt find me, sad and solitary. Shak.

2. Performed, passed, or endured alone; as, a solitary journey; a solitary life. Satan . . . explores his solitary flight. Milton.

3. ot much visited or frequented remote from society; retired; lonely; as, a solitary residence or place.

4. Not inhabited or occupied; without signs of inhabitants or occupation; desolate; deserted; silent; still; hence, gloomy; dismal; as, the solitary desert. How doth the city sit solitary, that was full of people. Lam. i. 1. Let that night be solitary; let no joyful voice come therein. Job iii. 7.

5. Single; individual; sole; as, a solitary instance of vengeance; a solitary example.

6. (Bot.)

Defn: Not associated with others of the same kind. Solitary ant (Zoöl.), any solitary hymenopterous insect of the family Mutillidæ. The female of these insects is destitute of wings and has a powerful sting. The male is winged and resembles a wasp. Called also spider ant. — Solitary bee (Zoöl.), any species of bee which does not form communities. — Solitary sandpiper (Zoöl.), an American tattler (Totanus solitarius). — Solitary snipe (Zoöl.), the great snipe. [Prov. Eng.] — Solitary thrush (Zoöl.) the starling. [Prov. Eng.]

SOLITARY Sol"i*ta*ry, n.

Defn: One who lives alone, or in solitude; an anchoret; a hermit; a recluse.

SOLITUDE Sol"i*tude, n. Etym: [F., from L. solitudo, solus alone. See Sole, a.]

1. state of being alone, or withdrawn from society; a lonely life; loneliness. Whosoever is delighted with solitude is either a wild beast or a god. Bacon. O Solitude! where are the charms That sages have seen in thy face Cowper.

2. Remoteness from society; destitution of company; seclusion; — said of places; as, the solitude of a wood. The solitude of his little parish is become matter of great comfort to him. Law.

3. solitary or lonely place; a desert or wilderness. In these deep solitudes and awful cells Where heavenly pensive contemplation dwells. Pope.

Syn. Loneliness; soitariness; loneness; retiredness; recluseness. — Solitude, Retirement, Seclusion, Loneliness. Retirement is a withdrawal from general society, implying that a person has been engaged in its scenes. Solitude describes the fact that a person is alone; seclusion, that he is shut out from others, usually by his own choice; loneliness, that he feels the pain and oppression of being alone. Hence, retirement is opposed to a gay, active, or public life; solitude, to society; seclusion, to freedom of access on the part of others; and loneliness, enjoyment of that society which the heart demands. O blest retirement, friend to life's decline. Goldsmith. Such only can enjoy the country who are capable of thinking when they are there; then they are prepared for solitude; and in that [the country] solitude is prepared for them. Dryden. It is a place of seclusion from the external world. Bp. Horsley. These evils . . . seem likely to reduce it [a city] ere long to the loneliness and the insignificance of a village. Eustace.

SOLIVAGANT So*liv"a*gant, a. Etym: [L. solus alone + vagans wandering.]

Defn: Wandering alone. [R.] T. Grander.

SOLIVAGOUS So*liv"a*gous, a. Etym: [L. solivagus.]

Defn: Solivagant.

SOLLAR Sol"lar, n.

1. See Solar, n. [Obs.]

2. (Mining)

Defn: A platform in a shaft, especially one of those between the series of ladders in a shaft.

SOLLAR Sol"lar, v. t.

Defn: To cover, or provide with, a sollar.

SOLLEIN Sol"lein, a.

Defn: Sullen; sad. [Obs.] Spenser.

SOLLERET Sol*ler*et", n. Etym: [F. soleretim. fr. OF. soler shoe.]

Defn: A flexible steel shoe (or one of the plates forming such a shoe), worn with mediæval armor.

SOLMIZATION Sol`mi*za"tion, n. Etym: [F. solmisation, fr. solmiser to sol-fa; — called from the musical notes sol, mi. See Sol-fa.] (Mus.)

Defn: The act of sol-faing. [Written also solmisation.]

Note: This art was practiced by the Greeks; but six of the seven syllables now in use are generally attributed to Guido d' Arezzo, an Italian monk of the eleventh century, who is said to have taken them from the first syllables of the first six lines of the following stanza of a monkish hymn to St. John the Baptist. — Ut queant laxis Resonare fibris Mira gestorum Famuli tuorum Solve polluti Labii reatum, Sancte Joannes. Professor Skeat says the name of the seventh note, si, was also formed by him [Guido] from the initials of the two words of the last line; but this is disputed, Littré attributing the first use of it to Anselm of Flanders long afterwards. The syllable do is often substituted for ut.

SOLO So"lo, n.; pl. E. Solos, It. Soli. Etym: [It., from L. solus alone. See Sole, a.] (Mus.)

Defn: A tune, air, strain, or a whole piece, played by a single person on an instrument, or sung by a single voice.

SOLOIST So"lo*ist, n. (Mus.)

Defn: One who sings or plays a solo.

SOLOMON Sol"o*mon, n.

Defn: One of the kings of Israel, noted for his superior wisdom and magnificent reign; hence, a very wise man. — Sol`o*mon"ic, a. Solomon's seal (Bot.), a perennial liliaceous plant of the genus Polygonatum, having simple erect or curving stems rising from thick and knotted rootstocks, and with white or greenish nodding flowers. The commonest European species is Polygonatum multiflorum. P. biflorum and P. giganteum are common in the Eastern United States. See Illust. of Rootstock. False Solomon's seal (Bot.), any plant of the liliaceous genus Smilacina having small whitish flowers in terminal racemes or panicles.

SOLOMON'S SEAL Sol"o*mon's seal.

Defn: A mystic symbol consisting of two interlaced triangles forming a star with six points, often with one triangle dark and one light, symbolic of the union of soul and body.

SOLON So"lon, n.

Defn: A celebrated Athenian lawmaker, born about 638 b. c.; hence, a legislator; a publicist; — often used ironically.

SOLO WHIST Solo whist.

Defn: A card game played with the full pack ranking as at whist, each player declaring for which of seven different points he proposes to play.

SOLPUGID Sol*pu"gid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Solifugæ. — n.

Defn: One of the Solifugæ.

SOLPUGIDEA Sol`pu*gid"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Solifugæ.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Solifugæ.

SOLSTICE Sol"stice, n.Etym: [L. solstitium; sol the sun + sistere to cause to stand, akin to stare to stand: cf. F. solstice. See Solar, a., Stand, v. i.]

1. A stopping or standing still of the sun. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. (Astron.) (a) The point in the ecliptic at which the sun is farthest from the equator, north or south, namely, the first point of the sign Cancer and the first point of the sign Capricorn, the former being the summer solstice, latter the winter solstice, in northern latitudes; - - so called because the sun then apparently stands still in its northward or southward motion. (b) The time of the sun's passing the solstices, or solstitial points, namely, about June 21 and December 21. See Illust. in Appendix.

SOLSTITIAL Sol*sti"tial, a. Etym: [L. solstitialis: cf. F. solsticial.]

1. Of or pertaining to a solstice.

2. Happening at a solstice; esp. (with reference to the northern hemisphere), happening at the summer solstice, or midsummer. "Solstitial summer's heat." Milton.

SOLUBILITY Sol`u*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. solubilité.]

1. The quality, condition, or degree of being soluble or solvable; as, the solubility of a salt; the solubility of a problem or intricate difficulty.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The tendency to separate readily into parts by spurious articulations, as the pods of tick trefoil.

SOLUBLE Sol"u*ble, a. Etym: [L. solubilis, fr. solvere, solutum, to loosen, to dissolve: cf. F. soluble. See Solve, and cf. Solvable.]

1. Susceptible of being dissolved in a fluid; capable of solution; as, some substances are soluble in alcohol which are not soluble in water. Sugar is . . . soluble in water and fusible in fire. Arbuthnot.

2. Susceptible of being solved; as, a soluble algebraic problem; susceptible of being disentangled, unraveled, or explained; as, the mystery is perhaps soluble. "More soluble is this knot." Tennyson.

3. Relaxed; open or readily opened. [R.] "The bowels must be kept soluble." Dunglison. Soluble glass. (Chem.) See under Glass.

SOLUBLENESS Sol"u*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality or state of being soluble.

SOLUS; SOLA So"lus, masc. a., So"la, fem. a. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Alone; — chiefly used in stage directions, and the like.

SOLUTE So*lute", a. Etym: [L. solutus, p.p. of solvere to loosen. See Solve.]

1. Loose; free; liberal; as, a solute interpretation. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. Relaxed; hence; merry; cheerful. [R.] A brow solute, and ever-laughing eye. Young.

3. Soluble; as, a solute salt. [Obs.]

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Not adhering; loose; — opposed to adnate; as, a solute stipule.

SOLUTE So*lute", v. t.

1. To dissolve; to resolve. [Obs.]

2. To absolve; as, to solute sin. [Obs.] Bale.

SOLUTION So*lu"tion, n. Etym: [OE. solucion, OF. solucion, F. solution, fr. L. solutio, fr. solvere, solutum, to loosen, dissolve. See Solve.]

1. The act of separating the parts of any body, or the condition of undergoing a separation of parts; disruption; breach. In all bodies there is an appetite of union and evitation of solution of continuity. Bacon.

2. The act of solving, or the state of being solved; the disentanglement of any intricate problem or difficult question; explanation; clearing up; — used especially in mathematics, either of the process of solving an equation or problem, or the result of the process.

3. The state of being dissolved or disintegrated; resolution; disintegration. It is unquestionably an enterprise of more promise to assail the nations in their hour of faintness and solution, than at a time when magnificent and seductive systems of worship were at their height of energy and splendor. I. Taylor.

4. (Chem.Phys.)

Defn: The act or process by which a body (whether solid, liquid, or gaseous) is absorbed into a liquid, and, remaining or becoming fluid, is diffused throughout the solvent; also, the product reulting from such absorption.

Note: When a solvent will not take in any more of a substance the solution is said to be saturated. Solution is two kinds; viz.: (a) Mechanical solution, in which no marked chemical change takes place, and in which, in the case of solids, teh dissolved body can be regained by evaporation, as in the solution of salt or sugar in water. (b) Chemical solution, in which there is involved a decided chemical change, as when limestone or zinc undergoes solution in hydrochloric acid. Mechanical solution is regarded as a form of molecular or atomic attraction, and is probably occasioned by the formation of certain very weak and unstable compounds which are easily dissociated and pass into new and similar compounds.

Note: This word is not used in chemistry or mineralogy for fusion, or the melting of bodies by the heat of fire.

5. release; deliverance; disharge. [Obs.] Barrow.

6. (Med.) (a) The termination of a disease; resolution. (b) A crisis. (c) A liquid medicine or preparation (usually aqueous) in which the solid ingredients are wholly soluble. U. S. Disp. Fehling's solution (Chem.), a standardized solution of cupric hydrate in sodium potassium tartrate, used as a means of determining the reducing power of certain sugars and sirups by the amount of red cuprous oxide thrown down. — Heavy solution (Min.), a liquid of high density, as a solution of mercuric iodide in potassium iodide (called the Sonstadt or Thoulet solution) having a maximum specific gravity of 3.2, or of borotungstate of cadium (Klein solution, specific gravity 3.6), and the like. Such solutions are much used in determining the specific gravities of minerals, and in separating them when mechanically mixed as in a pulverized rock. — Nessler's solution. See Nesslerize. — Solution of continuity, the separation of connection, or of connected substances or parts; — applied, in surgery, to a facture, laceration, or the like. "As in the natural body a wound, or solution of continuity, is worse than a corrupt humor, so in the spiritual." Bacon. — Standardized solution (Chem.), a solution which is used as a reagent, and is of a known and standard strength; specifically, a normal solution, containing in each cubic centimeter as many milligrams of the element in question as the number representing its atomic weight; thus, a normal solution of silver nitrate would contain 107.7 mgr. of silver nitrate in each cubic centimeter.

SOLUTIVE Sol"u*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. solutif.]

Defn: Tending to dissolve; loosening; laxative. Bacon.

SOLVABILITY Solv`a*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [F. solvabilité.]

1. The quality or state of being solvable; as, the solvability of a difficulty; the solvability of a problem.

2. The condition of being solvent; ability to pay all just debts; solvency; as, the solvability of a merchant.

SOLVABLE Solv"a*ble, a. Etym: [F. solvable. See Solve, and cf. Soluble, Solvible.]

1. Susceptible of being solved, resolved, or explained; admitting of solution.

2. Capable of being paid and discharged; as, solvable obligations. Tooke.

3. Able to pay one's debts; solvent. [Obs.] Fuller.

SOLVABLENESS Solv"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being solvable.

SOLVE Solve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Solved; p. pr. & vb. n. Solving.] Etym: [L. solvere, solutum; from a prefix so- expressing separation (cf. Sober) + luere to loosen; cf. OF. soldre, soudre. See Loose, and cf. Absolve.]

Defn: To explain; to resolve; to unfold; to clear up out to a result or conclusion; as, to solve a doubt; to solve difficulties; to solve a problem. True piety would effectually solve such scruples. South. God shall solve the dark decrees of fate. Tickell.

Syn. — To explain; resolve; unfold; clear up.

SOLVE Solve, n.

Defn: A solution; an explanation. [Obs.] Shak.

SOLVENCY Sol"ven*cy, n. Etym: [See Solvent.]

Defn: The quality or state of being solvent.

SOLVEND Sol"vend, n. Etym: [L. solvendus to be loosened or dissolved, fr. solvere. See Solution.]

Defn: A substance to be dissolved. [R.]

SOLVENT Sol"vent, a. Etym: [L. solvens, p.pr. of solvere. See Solvable.]

1. Having the power of dissolving; dissolving; as, a solvent fluid. "the solvent body." Boyle.

2. Able or sufficient to pay all just debts; as, a solvent merchant; the estate is solvent.

SOLVENT Sol"vent, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A substance (usually liquid) suitable for, or employed in, solution, or in dissolving something; as, water is the appropriate solvent of most salts, alcohol of resins, ether of fats, and mercury or acids of metal, etc.

2. That which resolves; as, a solvent of mystery.

SOLVER Sol"ver, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, solves.

SOLVIBLE Solv"i*ble, a.

Defn: See Solvable.

SOLY Sol"y, adv.

Defn: Solely. [Obs.] Spenser.

SOMA So"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail. B. G. Wilder.

SOMAJ; SAMAJ So"maj", Sa*maj", n.

Defn: A society; a congregation; a worshiping assembly, or church, esp. of the Brahmo-somaj. [India]

SOMALI; SOMAL So*ma"li, So*mal", n. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A Hamitic people of East Central Africa.

SOMATIC So*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to the body as a whole; corporeal; as, somatic death; somatic changes.

2. Of or pertaining to the wall of the body; somatopleuric; parietal; as, the somatic stalk of the yolk sac of an embryo. Somatic death. See the Note under Death, n., 1.

SOMATICAL So*mat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Somatic.

SOMATICS So*mat"ics, n.

Defn: The science which treats of the general properties of matter; somatology.

SOMATIST So"ma*tist, n.

Defn: One who admits the existence of material beings only; a materialist. Glanvill.

SOMATOCYST So"ma*to*cyst, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cavity in the primary nectocalyx of certain Siphonophora. See Illust. under Nectocalyx.

SOMATOLOGY So`ma*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

1. The dictrine or the science of the general properties of material substances; somatics.

2. A treatise on the human body; anatomy. Dunglison.

SOMATOME So"ma*tome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat. & (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Somite.

SOMATOPLEURE So"ma*to*pleure, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The outer, or parietal, one of the two lamellæ into which the vertebrate blastoderm divides on either side of the notochord, and from which the walls of the body and the amnion are developed. See Splanchopleure.

SOMATOPLEURIC So`ma*to*pleu"ric, a. (Anat.)

Defn: of or pertaining to the somatopleure.

SOMATOTROPISM So`ma*tot"ro*pism, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: A directive influence exercised by a mass of matter upon growing organs. Encyc. Brit.

SOMBER; SOMBRE Som"ber, Som"bre, a. Etym: [F. sombre; cf. Sp. sombra, shade, prob. from LL. subumbrare to put in the shade; L. sub under + umbra shade. See Umbrage.]

1. Dull; dusky; somewhat dark; gloomy; as, a somber forest; a somber house.

2. Melancholy; sad; grave; depressing; as, a somber person; somber reflections. The dinner was silent and somber; happily it was also short. Beaconsfield.

SOMBER; SOMBRE Som"ber, Som"bre, v. t.

Defn: To make somber, or dark; to make shady. [R.]

SOMBER; SOMBRE Som"ber, Som"bre, n.

Defn: Gloom; obscurity; duskiness; somberness. [Obs.]

SOMBERLY; SOMBRELY Som"ber*ly, Som"bre*ly, adv.

Defn: In a somber manner; sombrously; gloomily; despondingly.

SOMBERNESS; SOMBRENESS Som"ber*ness, Som"bre*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being somber; gloominess.

SOMBRERO Som*bre"ro, n. Etym: [Sp., from sombra shade. See Sombre.]

Defn: A kind of broad-brimmed hat, worn in Spain and in Spanish America. Marryat.

SOMBROUS Som"brous, a. Etym: [Cf. Sp. sombroso.]

Defn: Gloomy; somber. "Tall and sombrous pines." Longfellow. — Som"brous*ly, adv. — Som"brous*ness, n.

-SOME -some (-som).

Defn: A combining form or suffix from Gr. sw^ma (gen. sw`matos) the body; as in merosome, a body segment; cephalosome, etc.

-SOME -some (-sûm). Etym: [AS. -sum; akin to G. & OHG. -sam, Icel. samr, Goth. lustusams longed for. See Same, a., and cf. Some, a.]

Defn: An adjective suffix having primarily the sense of like or same, and indicating a considerable degree of the thing or quality denoted in the first part of the compound; as in mettlesome, full of mettle or spirit; gladsome, full of gladness; winsome, blithesome, etc.

SOME Some, a. Etym: [OE. som, sum, AS. sum; akin to OS., OFries., & OHG. sum, OD. som, D. sommig, Icel. sumr, Dan. somme (pl.), Sw. somlige (pl.), Goth. sums, and E. same. sq. root191. See Same, a., and cf. - some.]

1. Consisting of a greater or less portion or sum; composed of a quantity or number which is not stated; — used to express an indefinite quantity or number; as, some wine; some water; some persons. Used also pronominally; as, I have some. Some theoretical writers allege that there was a time when there was no such thing as society. Blackstone.

2. A certain; one; — indicating a person, thing, event, etc., as not known individually, or designated more specifically; as, some man, that is, some one man. "Some brighter clime." Mrs. Barbauld. Some man praiseth his neighbor by a wicked intent. Chaucer. Most gentlemen of property, at some period or other of their lives, are ambitious of representing their county in Parliament. Blackstone.

3. Not much; a little; moderate; as, the censure was to some extent just.

4. About; near; more or less; — used commonly with numerals, but formerly also with a singular substantive of time or distance; as, a village of some eighty houses; some two or three persons; some hour hence. Shak. The number slain on the rebel's part were some two thousand. Bacon.

5. Considerable in number or quality. "Bore us some leagues to sea." Shak. On its outer point, some miles away. The lighthouse lifts its massive masonry. Longfellow.

6. Certain; those of one part or portion; — in distinct from other or others; as, some men believe one thing, and others another. Some [seeds] fell among thorns; . . . but other fell into good ground. Matt. xiii. 7, 8.

7. A part; a portion; — used pronominally, and followed sometimes by of; as, some of our provisions. Your edicts some reclaim from sins, But most your life and blest example wins. Dryden. All and some, one and all. See under All, adv. [Obs.]

Note: The illiterate in the United States and Scotland often use some as an adverb, instead of somewhat, or an equivalent expression; as, I am some tired; he is some better; it rains some, etc. Some . . . some, one part . . . another part; these . . . those; — used distributively. Some to the shores do fly, Some to the woods, or whither fear advised. Daniel.

Note: Formerly used also of single persons or things: this one . . . that one; one . . . another. Some in his bed, some in the deep sea. Chaucer.

SOMEBODY Some"bod*y, n.

1. A person unknown or uncertain; a person indeterminate; some person. Jesus said, Somebody hath touched me. Luke viii. 46. We must draw in somebody that may stand "Twixt us and danger." Denham.

2. A person of consideration or importance. Before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody. Acts v. 36.

SOMEDEAL Some"deal`, adv.

Defn: In some degree; somewhat. [Written also sumdel, sumdeale, and sumdele.] [Obs.] "She was somedeal deaf." Chaucer. Thou lackest somedeal their delight. Spenser.

SOMEHOW Some"how`, adv.

Defn: In one way or another; in some way not yet known or designated; by some means; as, the thing must be done somehow; he lives somehow. By their action upon one another they may be swelled somehow, so as to shorten the length. Cheyne.

Note: The indefiniteness of somehow is emphasized by the addition of or other. Although youngest of the familly, he has somehow or other got the entire management of all the others. Sir W. Scott.

SOMERSAULT; SOMERSET Som"er*sault, Som"er*set, n. Etym: [F. soubresaut a jump, leap, OF. soubresault, It. soprassalto an overleap, fr. L. supra over + saltus a leap, fr. salire to leap; or the French may be from Sp. sobresalto a sudden asault, a surprise. See Supra, and Salient.]

Defn: A leap in which a person turns his heels over his head and lights upon his feet; a turning end over end. [Written also summersault, sommerset, summerset, etc.] "The vaulter's sombersalts." Donne. Now I'll only Make him break his neck in doing a sommerset. Beau. & Fl.

SOMETHING Some"thing, n.

1. Anything unknown, undetermined, or not specifically designated; a certain indefinite thing; an indeterminate or unknown event; an unspecified task, work, or thing. There is something in the wind. Shak. The whole world has something to do, something to talk of, something to wish for, and something to be employed about. Pope. Something attemped, something done, Has earned a night's repose. Longfellow.

2. A part; a portion, more or less; an indefinite quantity or degree; a little. Something yet of doubt remains. Milton. Something of it arises from our infant state. I. Watts.

3. A person or thing importance. If a man thinketh himself to be something, when he is nothing, he deceiveth himself. Gal. vi. 3.

SOMETHING Some"thing

Defn: , adv. In some degree; somewhat; to some exrent; at some distance. Shak. I something fear my father's wrath. Shak. We have something fairer play than a reasoner could have expected formerly. Burke. My sense of touch is something coarse. Tennyson. It must be done to-night, And something from the palace. Shak.

SOMETIME Some"time`, adv.

1. At a past time indefinitely referred to; once; formerly. Did they not sometime cry "All hail" to me Shak.

2. At a time undefined; once in a while; now and then; sometimes. Sometime we see a cloud that's dragonish, A vapor sometime like a bear or lion. Shak.

3. At one time or other hereafter; as, I will do it sometime. "Sometime he reckon shall." Chaucer.

SOMETIME Some"time`, a.

Defn: Having been formerly; former; late; whilom. Our sometime sister, now our queen. Shak. Ion, our sometime darling, whom we prized. Talfourd.

SOMETIMES Some"times`, adv. Etym: [Sometime + adverbial ending -s, as in - wards.]

1. Formerly; sometime. [Obs.] That fair and warlike form In which the majesty of buried Denmark Did sometimes march. Shak.

2. At times; at intervals; now and then;occasionally. It is good that we sometimes be contradicted. Jer. Taylor. Sometimes . . . sometimes, at certain times . . . at certain other times; as, sometimes he is earnest, sometimes he is frivolous.

SOMETIMES Some"times`, a.

Defn: Former; sometime. [Obs.] Thy sometimes brother's wife. Shak.

SOMEWHAT Some"what`, n.

1. More or less; a certain quantity or degree; a part, more or less; something. These salts have somewhat of a nitrous taste. Grew. Somewhat of his good sense will suffer, in this transfusion, and much of the beauty of his thoughts will be lost. Dryden.

2. A person or thing of importance; a somebody. Here come those that worship me. They think that I am somewhat. Tennyson.

SOMEWHAT Some"what`, adv.

Defn: In some degree or measure; a little. His giantship is gone, somewhat crestfallen. Milton. Somewhat back from the village street. Longfellow.

SOMEWHEN Some"when`, adv.

Defn: At some indefinite time. [R.]

SOMEWHERE Some"where`, adv.

Defn: In some place unknown or not specified; in one place or another. "Somewhere nigh at hand." Milton.

SOMEWHILE Some"while`, adv.

Defn: Once; for a time. Though, under color of shepherds, somewhile There crept in wolves, full of fraund and guile. Spenser.

SOMEWHITHER Some"whith`er, adv.

Defn: To some indeterminate place; to some place or other. Driven by the winds of temptation somewhither. Barrow.

SOMITE So"mite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.& Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the actual or ideal serial segments of which an animal, esp. an articulate or vertebrate, is composed; somatome; metamere. — So*mit`ic, a.

SOMMEIL Som`meil", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Slumber; sleep.

SOMMERSET Som"mer*set, n.

Defn: See Somersault.

SOMNAMBULAR Som*nam"bu*lar, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to somnambulism; somnambulistic. Mrs. Browning.

SOMNAMBULATE Som*nam"bu*late, v. i. & t.

Defn: To walk when

SOMNAMBULATION Som*nam`bu*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. somnus sleep + ambulatio a walking about, from ambulare to walk. See Somnolent, Amble.]

Defn: The act of walking in sleep.

SOMNAMBULATOR Som*nam"bu*la`tor, n.

Defn: A somnambulist.

SOMNAMBULE Som*nam"bule, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A somnambulist.

SOMNAMBULIC Som*nam"bu*lic, a.

Defn: Somnambulistic.

SOMNAMBULISM Som*nam"bu*lism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. somnambulisme. See Somnambulation.]

Defn: A condition of the nervous system in which an individual during sleep performs actions approppriate to the waking state; a state of sleep in which some of the senses and voluntary powers are partially awake; noctambulism.

SOMNAMBULIST Som*nam"bu*list, n.

Defn: A person who is subject to somnambulism; one who walks in his sleep; a sleepwalker; a noctambulist.

SOMNAMBULISTIC Som*nam`bu*lis"tic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a somnambulist or somnambulism; affected by somnambulism; appropriate to the state of a somnambulist. Whether this was an intentional and waking departure, or a somnambulistic leave-taking and waking in her sleep, may remain a subject of contention. Dickens.

SOMNE Som"ne, v. t.

Defn: To summon. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOMNER Som"ner, n.

Defn: A summoner; esp., one who summons to an ecclesiastical court. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

SOMNIAL Som"ni*al, a. Etym: [L. spmnialis dream bringing, fr. somnium dream, fr. somnus sleep.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to sleep or dreams. The somnial magic superinducted on, without suspending, the active powers of the mind. Coleridge.

SOMNIATIVE Som"ni*a*tive, a.

Defn: Somnial; somniatory. [R.]

SOMNIATORY Som"ni*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to sleep or dreams; somnial. [Obs. or R.] Urquhart.

SOMNICULOUS Som*nic"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. somniculosus.]

Defn: Inclined to sleep; drowsy; sleepy. [Obs.]

SOMNIFEROUS Som*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. somnifer; somnus sleep + ferre to bring.]

Defn: Causing or inducing sleep; soporific; dormitive; as, a somniferous potion. Walton.

SOMNIFIC Som*nif"ic, a. Etym: [L. somnificus; somnus sleep + facere to make.]

Defn: Causing sleep; somniferous.

SOMNIFUGOUS Som*nif"u*gous, a. Etym: [L. somnus sleep + fugare to put to flight.]

Defn: Driving away sleep. [Obs.]

SOMNILOQUENCE Som*nil"o*quence, n.

Defn: The act of talking in one's sleep; somniloquism.

SOMNILOQUISM Som*nil"o*quism, n.

Defn: The act or habit of talking in one's sleep; somniloquy. Coleridge.

SOMNILOQUIST Som*nil"o*quist, n.

Defn: One who talks in his sleep.

SOMNILOQUOUS Som*nil"o*quous, a. Etym: [L. somnus sleep + loqui to speak.]

Defn: Apt to talk in sleep.

SOMNILOQUY Som*nil"o*quy, n.

Defn: A talking in sleep; the talking of one in a state of somnipathy. [R.] Coleridge.

SOMNIPATHIST Som*nip"a*thist, n.

Defn: A person in a state of somniapathy.

SOMNIPATHY Som*nip"a*thy, n. Etym: [L. somnus sleep + Gr.

Defn: Sleep from sympathy, or produced by mesmerism or the like. [Written also somnopathy.]

SOMNOLENCE; SOMNOLENCY Som"no*lence, Som"no*len*cy, n. Etym: [L. somnolentia: cf. F. somnolence.]

Defn: Sleepiness; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.

SOMNOLENT Som"no*lent, a. Etym: [F. somnolent, L. somnolentus, from somnus sleep, akin to Gr. svapna sleep, dream, svap to sleep, Icel. sofa, AS. swefn sleep. Cf. Hypnotic, Somnambulism, Soporific.]

Defn: Sleepy; drowsy; inclined to sleep. — Som"no*lent*ly, adv. He had no eye for such phenomens, because he had a somnolent want of interest in them. De Quincey.

SOMNOLISM Som"no*lism, n.

Defn: The somnolent state induced by animal magnetism. Thomas (Med. Dict.).

SOMNOPATHY Som*nop"a*thy, n.

Defn: Somnipathy.

SOMNOUR Som"nour, n.

Defn: A summoner; an apparitor; a sompnour. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

SOMONAUNCE; SOMONCE Som"on*aunce, Som"once, n. Etym: [See Summon, Summons.]

Defn: A summons; a citation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOMONOUR Som"on*our, n.

Defn: A summoner. [Obs.]

SOMPNE Somp"ne ( or ), v. t.

Defn: To summon; to cite. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOMPNOUR Somp"nour, n.

Defn: A summoner. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SON Son, n. Etym: [OE. sone, sune, AS. sunu; akin to D. zoon, OS., OFries., & OHG. sunu, G. sohn, Icel. sonr, Sw. son, Dan. sön, Goth. sunus, Lith. sunus, Russ. suin', Skr. sunu (from su to beget, to bear), and Gr. Sow, n.]

1. A male child; the male issue, or offspring, of a parent, father or mother. Sarah conceived, and bare Abraham a son. Gen. xxi. 2.

2. A male descendant, however distant; hence, in the plural, descendants in general. I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings. Isa. xix. 11. I am the Lord, I change not; therefore ye sons of Jacob are not consumed. Mal. iii. 6.

3. Any young male person spoken of as a child; an adopted male child; a pupil, ward, or any other male dependent. The child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh's daughter, and he became her son. Ex. ii. 10. Be plain, good son, and homely in thy drift. Shak.

4. A native or inhabitant of some specified place; as, sons of Albion; sons of New England.

5. The produce of anything. Earth's tall sons, the cedar, oak, and pine. Blackmore.

6. (Commonly with the def. article)

Defn: Jesus Christ, the Savior; — called the Son of God, and the Son of man. We . . . do testify that the Father sent the Son to be the Savior of the world. 1 John iv. 14. Who gave His Son sure all has given. Keble.

Note: The expressions son of pride, sons of light, son of Belial, are Hebraisms, which denote persons possessing the qualitites of pride, of light, or of Belial, as children inherit the qualities of their ancestors. Sons of the prophets. See School of the prophets, under Prophet.

SONANCE So"nance, n.

1. A sound; a tune; as, to sound the tucket sonance. [Obs.] Shak.

2. The quality or state of being sonant.

SONANT So"nant, a. Etym: [L. sonans, -antis, p.pr. of sonare to sound. See Sound a noise.]

1. Of or pertaining to sound; sounding.

2. (Phonetics)

Defn: Uttered, as an element of speech, with tone or proper vocal sound, as distinguished from mere breath sound; intonated; voiced; tonic; the opposite of nonvocal, or surd; — sid of the vowels, semivowels, liquids, and nasals, and particularly of the consonants b, d, g hard, v, etc., as compared with their cognates p, t, k, f, etc., which are called nonvocal, surd, or aspirate. — n.

Defn: A sonant letter.

SONATA So*na"ta, n. Etym: [It., fr. It. & L. sonare to sound. See Sound a noise.] (Mus.)

Defn: An extended composition for one or two instruments, consisting usually of three or four movements; as, Beethoven's sonatas for the piano, for the violin and piano, etc.

Note: The same general structure prevails in symphonies, instrumental trios, quartets, etc., and even in classical concertos. The sonata form, distinctively, characterizes the quick opening movement, which may have a short, slow introduction; the second, or slow, movement is either in the song or variation form; third comes the playful minuet of the more modern scherzo; then the quick finale in the rondo form. But both form and order are sometimes exceptional.

SONATINA So`na*ti"na, n. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: A short and simple sonata.

SONCY; SONSY Son"cy, Son"sy, a. Etym: [Scot. sonce, sons, prosperity, happiness, fr. Gael. & Ir. sonas.]

Defn: Lucky; fortunate; thriving; plump. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

SOND; SONDE Sond, Sonde, n. Etym: [AS. sand. See Send, v. t.]

Defn: That which is sent; a message or messenger; hence, also, a visitation of providence; an affliction or trial. [Obs.] Ye have enough, parde, of Goddes sond. Chaucer.

SONDELI Son"de*li, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The musk shrew. See under Musk.

SONDERCLASS Son"der*class`, n. [G. sonderklasse special class.] (Yachting)

Defn: A special class of small yachts developed in Germany under the patronage of Emperor William and Prince Henry of Prussia, and so called because these yachts do not conform to the restrictions for the regular classes established by the rules of the International Yacht Racing Union. In yachts of the sonderclass, as prescribed for the season of 1911, the aggregate of the length on water line, extreme beam, and extreme draft must be not more than 32 feet; the weight, not less than 4,035 pounds (without crew); the sail area, not more than 550 square yards; and the cost of construction (for American boats) not more than $2400. The crew must be amateurs and citizens of the country in which the yacht was built.

SONG Song, n. Etym: [AS. song, sang, fr. singan to sing; akin to D. zang, G. sang, Icel. söngr, Goeth. sagws. See Sing.]

1. That which is sung or uttered with musical modulations of the voice, whether of a human being or of a bird, insect, etc. "That most ethereal of all sounds, the song of crickets." Hawthorne.

2. A lyrical poem adapted to vocal music; a ballad.

3. More generally, any poetical strain; a poem. The bard that first adorned our native tongue Tuned to his British lyre this ancient song. Dryden.

4. Poetical composition; poetry; verse. This subject for heroic song. Milton.

5. An object of derision; a laughingstock. And now am I their song. yea, I am their byword. Job xxx. 9.

6. A trifle. "The soldier's pay is a song." Silliman. Old song, a trifle; nothing of value. "I do not intend to be thus put off with an old song." Dr. H. More. — Song bird (Zoöl.), any singing bird; one of the Oscines. — Song sparrow (Zoöl.), a very common North American sparrow (Melospiza fasciata, or M. melodia) noted for the sweetness of its song in early spring. Its breast is covered with dusky brown streaks which form a blotch in the center. — Song thrush (Zoöl.), a common European thrush (Turdus musicus), noted for its melodius song; — called also mavis, throsite, and thrasher.

Syn. — Sonnet; ballad; canticle; carol; canzonet; ditty; hymn; descant; lay; strain; poesy; verse.

SONGCRAFT Song"craft`, n.

Defn: The art of making songs or verse; metrical composition; versification. A half-effected inscription. Written with little skill of songcraft. Longfellow.

SONGFUL Song"ful, a.

Defn: Disposed to sing; full of song.

SONGISH Song"ish, a.

Defn: Consisting of songs. [R.] Dryden.

SONGLESS Song"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of the power of song; without song; as, songless birds; songless woods.

SONGSTER Song"ster, n. Etym: [AS. sangestre a female singer.]

1. One who sings; one skilled in singing; — not often applied to human beings.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A singing bird.

SONGSTRESS Song"stress, n. Etym: [See Songster, and -ess.]

Defn: A woman who sings; a female singing bird. Thomson.

SONIFER Son"i*fer, n. Etym: [NL. See Soniferous.]

Defn: A kind of ear trumpet for the deaf, or the partially deaf.

SONIFEROUS So*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. sonus sound + -ferous.]

Defn: Sounding; producing sound; conveying sound.

SONIFICATION Son`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. sonus sound + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.]

Defn: The act of producing sound, as the stridulation of insects.

SON-IN-LAW Son"-in-law`, n.; pl. Sons-in-law (.

Defn: The husband of one's daughter; a man in his relationship to his wife's parents. To take me as for thy son in lawe. Chaucer.

SONLESS Son"less, a.

Defn: Being without a son. Marston. As no baron who was sonless could give a husband to his daughter, save with his lord's consent. J. R. Green.

SONNET Son"net, n. Etym: [F., fr. It. sonetto, fr. suono a sound, a song, fr. L. sonus a sound. See Sound noise.]

1. A short poem, — usually amatory. [Obs.] Shak. He had a wonderful desire to chant a sonnet or hymn unto Apollo Pythius. Holland.

2. A poem of fourteen lines, — two stanzas, called the octave, being of four verses each, and two stanzas, called the sestet, of three verses each, the rhymes being adjusted by a particular rule.

Note: In the proper sonnet each line has five accents, and the octave has but two rhymes, the second, third, sixth, and seventh lines being of one thyme, and the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth being of another. In the sestet there are sometimes two and sometimes three rhymes; but in some way its two stazas rhyme together. Often the three lines of the first stanza rhyme severally with the three lines of the second. In Shakespeare's sonnets, the first twelve lines rhymed alternately, and the last two rhyme together.

SONNET Son"net, v. i.

Defn: To compose sonnets. "Strains that come almost to sonneting." Milton.

SONNETEER Son`net*eer", n.

Defn: A composer of sonnets, or small poems; a small poet; — usually in contempt. What woful stuff this madrigal would be In some starved hackney sonneteer or me! Pope.

SONNETEER Son`net*eer", v. i.

Defn: To compose sonnets. Lowell.

SONNETER Son"net*er, n.

Defn: A composer of sonnets.

SONNETIST Son"net*ist, n.

Defn: A sonneter, or sonneteer. Bp. Hall.

SONNETIZE Son"net*ize, v. i.

Defn: To compose sonnets.

SONNISH Son"nish, a.

Defn: Like the sun; sunny; golden. [Obs.] "Her sonnish hairs." Chaucer.

SONNITE Son"nite, n.

Defn: See Sunnite.

SONOMETER So*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. sonus a sound + -meter.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument for exhibiting the transverse vibrations of cords, and ascertaining the relations between musical notes. It consists of a cord stretched by weight along a box, and divided into different lengths at pleasure by a bridge, the place of which is determined by a scale on the face of the box.

2. An instrument for testing the hearing capacity.

SONORAN So*no"ran, a. (Biogeography)

Defn: Pertaining to or designating the arid division of the Austral zone, including the warmer parts of the western United States and central Mexico. It is divided into the Upper Sonoran, which lies next to the Transition zone, and the Lower Sonoran, next to the Tropical.

SONORIFIC Son`o*rif"ic, a. Etym: [L. sonor, -oris, a sound + facere to make. See Sonorous.]

Defn: Producing sound; as, the sonorific quality of a body. [R.] I. Watts.

SONORITY So*nor"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. sonoritas.]

Defn: The quality or state of being sonorous; sonorousness.

SONOROUS So*no"rous, a. Etym: [L. sonorus, fr. sonor, -oris, a sound, akin to sonus a sound. See Sound.]

1. Giving sound when struck; resonant; as, sonorous metals.

2. Loud-sounding; giving a clear or loud sound; as, a sonorous voice.

3. Yielding sound; characterized by sound; vocal; sonant; as, the vowels are sonorous.

4. Impressive in sound; high-sounding. The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and familiarty of the thoughts, has something beautiful and sonorous in the expression. Addison. There is nothing of the artificial Johnsonian balance in his style. It is as often marked by a pregnant brevity as by a sonorous amplitude. E. Everett.

5. (Med.)

Defn: Sonant; vibrant; hence, of sounds produced in a cavity, deep- toned; as, sonorous rhonchi. Sonorous figures (Physics), figures formed by the vibrations of a substance capable of emitting a musical tone, as when the bow of a violin is drawn along the edge of a piece of glass or metal on which sand is strewed, and the sand arranges itself in figures according to the musical tone. Called also acoustic figures. — Sonorous tumor (Med.), a tumor which emits a clear, resonant sound on percussion. — So*no"rous*ly, adv. — So*no"rous*ness, n.

SONSHIP Son"ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a son, or of bearing the relation of a son; filiation. Dr. H. More.

SONSY Son"sy, a.

Defn: See Soncy. [Scot.] Burns.

SONTAG Son"tag, n. Etym: [So called from from Mme. Henriette Sontag, a famous singer.]

Defn: A knitted worsted jacket, worn over the waist of a woman's dress.

SONTIES Son"ties, n.

Defn: Probably from "saintes" saints, or from sanctities; — used as an oath. [Obs.] Shak.

SOOCHONG Soo*chong", n.

Defn: Same as Souchong.

SOODRA Soo"dra.

Defn: Same as Sudra.

SOOFEE; SOOFEEISM Soo"fee, Soo"fee*ism.

Defn: Same as Sufi, Sufism.

SOOJEE Soo"jee, n.

Defn: Same as Suji.

SOON Soon, adv. Etym: [OE. sone, AS. s; cf. OFries. s, OS. sana, sano, OHG. sar, Goth. suns.]

1. In a short time; shortly after any time specified or supposed; as, soon after sunrise. "Sooner said than done." Old Proverb. "As soon as it might be." Chaucer. She finished, and the subtle fiend his lore Soon learned. Milton.

2. Without the usual delay; before any time supposed; early. How is it that ye are come so soon to-day Ex. ii. 18.

3. Promptly; quickly; easily. Small lights are soon blown out, huge fires abide. Shak.

4. Readily; willingly; — in this sense used with would, or some other word expressing will. I would as soon see a river winding through woods or in meadows, as when it is tossed up in so many whimsical figures at Versailles. Addison. As soon as, or So soon as, imediately at or after another event. "As soon as he came nigh unto the camp . . . he saw the calf, and the dancing." Ex. xxxii. 19. See So . . . as, under So. — Soon at, as soon as; or, as soon as the time referred to arrives. [Obs.] "I shall be sent for soon at night." Shak. — Sooner or later, at some uncertain time in the future; as, he will discover his mistake sooner or later. — With the soonest, as soon as any; among the earliest; too soon. [Obs.] Holland.

SOON Soon, a.

Defn: Speedy; quick. [Obs.] Shak.

SOONEE Soo"nee, n.

Defn: See Sunnite.

SOONER Soon"er, n.

Defn: In the western United States, one who settles on government land before it is legally open to settlement in order to gain the prior claim that the law gives to the first settler when the land is opened to settlement; hence, any one who does a thing prematurely or anticipates another in acting in order to gain an unfair advantage.

SOONER STATE Sooner State.

Defn: Oklahoma; — a nickname.

SOONLY Soon"ly, adv.

Defn: Soon. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

SOORD Soord, n.

Defn: Skin of bacon. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

SOORMA Soor"ma, n. Etym: [Hind. & Per. surma.]

Defn: A preparation of antimony with which Mohammedan men anoint their eyelids.

SOOSHONG Soo*shong", n.

Defn: See Souchong.

SOOSOO Soo"soo, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kind of dolphin (Platanista Gangeticus) native of the river Ganges; the Gangetic dolphin. It has a long, slender, somewhat spatulate beak. [Written also susu.]

SOOT Soot ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [OE. sot, AS. s; akin to Icel. s, Sw. sot, Dan. sod, OD. soet, Lith. s; cf. Gael. suith, Ir. suth.]

Defn: A black substance formed by combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of combustion, which rises in fine particles, and adheres to the sides of the chimney or pipe conveying the smoke; strictly, the fine powder, consisting chiefly of carbon, which colors smoke, and which is the result of imperfect combustion. See Smoke.

SOOT Soot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sooted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sooting.]

Defn: To cover or dress with soot; to smut with, or as with, soot; as, to soot land. Mortimer.

SOOT; SOOTE Soot, Soot"e, a. Etym: [See Sweet.]

Defn: Sweet. [Obs.] "The soote savour of the vine." Chaucer.

SOOTERKIN Soot"er*kin, n. Etym: [Cf. Prov. G. suttern to boil gently.]

Defn: A kind of false birth, fabled to be produced by Dutch women from sitting over their stoves; also, an abortion, in a figurative sense; an abortive scheme. Fruits of dull heat, and sooterkins of wit. Pope.

SOOTH Sooth, a.; also adv. [Compar. Soother; superl. Soothest.] Etym: [OE. soth, AS. s, for san; akin to OS. s, OHG. sand, Icel. sannr, Sw. sann, Dan. sand, Skr. sat, sant, real, genuine, present, being; properly p. pr. from a root meaning, to be, Skr. as, L. esse; also akin to Goth. sunjis true, Gr. satya. Absent, Am, Essence, Is, Soothe, Sutee.]

1. True; faithful; trustworthy. [Obs. or Scot.] The sentence [meaning] of it sooth is, out of doubt. Chaucer. That shall I sooth (said he) to you declare. Spensser.

2. Pleasing; delightful; sweet. [R.] The soothest shepherd that ever piped on plains. Milton. With jellies soother than the creamy curd. Keats.

SOOTH Sooth, n. Etym: [AS. s. See Sooth, a.]

1. Truth; reality. [Archaic] The sooth it this, the cut fell to the knight. Chaucer. In sooth, I know not why I am so sad. Shak. In good sooth, Its mystery is love, its meaninng youth. Longfellow.

2. Augury; prognostication. [Obs.] The soothe of birds by beating of their wings. Spenser.

3. Blandishment; cajolery. [Obs.] Shak.

SOOTHE Soothe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soothed; p. pr. & vb. n. Soothing.] Etym: [Originally, to assent to as true; OE. so to verify, AS. ges to prove the truth of, to bear witness. See Sooth, a.]

1. To assent to as true. [Obs.] Testament of Love.

2. To assent to; to comply with; to gratify; to humor by compliance; to please with blandishments or soft words; to flatter. Good, my lord, soothe him, let him take the fellow. Shak. I've tried the force of every reason on him, Soothed and caressed, been angry, soothed again. Addison.

3. To assuage; to mollify; to calm; to comfort; as, to soothe a crying child; to soothe one's sorrows. Music hath charms to soothe the savage breast, To soften rocks, or bend a knotted oak. Congreve. Though the sound of Fame May for a moment soothe, it can not slake The fever of vain longing. Byron.

Syn. — To soften; assuage; allay; compose; mollify; tranquilize; pacify; mitigate.

SOOTHER Sooth"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, soothes.

SOOTHFAST Sooth"fast`, a. Etym: [Sooth + fast, that is, fast or firm with respect to truth.]

Defn: Firmly fixed in, or founded upon, the thruth; true; genuine; real; also, truthful; faithful. [Archaic] — Sooth"fast`ness, n. [Archaic] "In very soothfastness." Chaucer. Why do not you . . . bear leal and soothfast evidence in her behalf, as ye may with a clear conscience! Sir W. Scott.

SOOTHFAST Sooth"fast`, adv.

Defn: Soothly; really; in fact. [Archaic] I care not if the pomps you show Be what they soothfast appear. Emerson.

SOOTHING Sooth"ing, a. & n.

Defn: from Soothe, v.

SOOTHINGLY Sooth"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a soothing manner.

SOOTHLY Sooth"ly, adv.

Defn: In truth; truly; really; verily. [Obs.] "Soothly for to say." Chaucer.

SOOTHNESS Sooth"ness, n.

Defn: Truth; reality. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOOTHSAY Sooth"say`, v. i. Etym: [Sooth + say; properly to say truth, tell the truth.]

Defn: To foretell; to predict. "You can not soothsay." Shak. "Old soothsaying Glaucus' spell." Milton.

SOOTHSAY Sooth"say`, n.

1. A true saying; a proverb; a prophecy. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Omen; portent. Having God turn the same to good soothsay. Spenser.

SOOTHSAYER Sooth"say`er, n.

1. One who foretells events by the art of soothsaying; a prognosticator.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mantis.

SOOTHSAYING Sooth"say`ing, n.

1. A true saying; truth. [Obs.]

2. The act of one who soothsays; the foretelling of events; the art or practice of making predictions. A damsel, possessed with a spirit of divination . . . which brought her masters much gain by soothsaying. Acts xvi. 16.

3. A prediction; a prophecy; a prognostication. Divinations and soothsayings and dreams are vain. Eclus. xxxiv. 5.

SOOTINESS Soot"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being sooty; fuliginousness. Johnson.

SOOTISH Soot"ish, a.

Defn: Sooty. Sir T. Browne.

SOOTY Soot"y, a. [Compar Sootier; superl. Sootiest.] Etym: [AS. s. See Soot.]

1. Of or pertaining to soot; producing soot; soiled by soot. "Fire of sooty coal." Milton.

2. Having a dark brown or black color like soot; fuliginous; dusky; dark. "The grisly legions that troop under the sooty flag of Acheron." Milton. Sooty albatross (Zoöl.), an albatross (Phoebetria fuliginosa) found chiefly in the Pacific Ocean; — called also nellie. — Sooty tern (Zoöl.), a tern (Sterna fuliginosa) found chiefly in tropical seas.

SOOTY Soot"y, v. t.

Defn: To black or foul with soot. [R.] Sootied with noisome smoke. Chapman.

SOP Sop, n. Etym: [OE. sop, soppe; akin to AS. s to sup, to sip, to drink, D. sop sop, G. suppe soup, Icel. soppa sop. See Sup, v. t., and cf. Soup.]

1. Anything steeped, or dipped and softened, in any liquid; especially, something dipped in broth or liquid food, and intended to be eaten. He it is to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it. John xiii. 26. Sops in wine, quantity, inebriate more than wine itself. Bacon. The bounded waters Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores, And make a sop of all this solid globe. Shak.

2. Anything given to pacify; — so called from the sop given to Cerberus, as related in mythology. All nature is cured with a sop. L'Estrange.

3. A thing of little or no value. [Obs.] P. Plowman. Sops in wine (Bot.), an old name of the clove pink, alluding to its having been used to flavor wine. Garlands of roses and sops in wine. Spenser. — Sops of wine (Bot.), an old European variety of apple, of a yellow and red color, shading to deep red; — called also sopsavine, and red shropsavine.

SOP Sop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sopped; p. pr. & vb. n. Sopping.]

Defn: To steep or dip in any liquid.

SOPE Sope, n.

Defn: See Soap. [Obs.]

SOPH Soph, n. (Eng. Univ.)

Defn: A contraction of Soph ister. [Colloq.]

SOPH Soph, n. (Amer. Colleges)

Defn: A contraction of Sophomore. [Colloq.]

SOPHI So"phi, n.; pl. Sophis (.

Defn: See Sufi.

SOPHIC; SOPHICAL Soph"ic, Soph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Teaching wisdom. [Obs.] S. Harris.

SOPHIME So*phime" ( or ), n. Etym: [OF. soffime, sophisme.]

Defn: Sophism. [Obs.] I trow ye study aboute some sophime. Chaucer.

SOPHISM Soph"ism, n. Etym: [F. sophisme, L. sophisma, fr. Gr.

Defn: The doctrine or mode of reasoning practiced by a sophist; hence, any fallacy designed to deceive. When a false argument puts on the appearance of a true one, then it is properly called a sophism, or "fallacy". I. Watts. Let us first rid ourselves of sophisms, those of depraved men, and those of heartless philosophers. I. Taylor.

SOPHIST Soph"ist, n. Etym: [F. sophiste, L. sophistes, fr. Gr. Sophism.]

1. One of a class of men who taught eloquence, philosophy, and politics in ancient Greece; especially, one of those who, by their fallacious but plausible reasoning, puzzled inquirers after truth, weakened the faith of the people, and drew upon themselves general hatred and contempt. Many of the Sophists doubdtless card not for truth or morality, and merely professed to teach how to make the worse appear the better reason; but there scems no reason to hold that they were a special class, teaching special opinions; even Socrates and Plato were sometimes styled Sophists. Liddell & Scott.

2. Hence, an impostor in argument; a captious or fallacious reasoner.

SOPHISTER Soph"ist*er, n.

1. A sophist. See Sophist. [Obs.] Hooker.

2. (Eng. Univ.)

Defn: A student who is advanced beyond the first year of his residence.

Note: The entire course at the university consists of three years and one term, during which the students have the titles of first-year men, or freshmen; second-year men or junior sophs or sophisters; third-year men, or senior sophs or sophisters; and, in the last term, questionists, with reference to the approaching examination. In the older American colleges, the junior and senior classes were originally called, and in some of them are still called, junior sophisters and senior sophisters.

SOPHISTER Soph"ist*er, v. t.

Defn: To maintain by sophistry, or by a fallacious argument. [Obs.] obham.

SOPHISTIC; SOPHISTICAL So*phis"tic, So*phis"tic*al, a. Etym: [L. sophisticus, Gr. sophistique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sophist; embodying sophistry; fallaciously subtile; not sound. His argument . . . is altogether sophistical. Macaulay. — So*phis"tic*al*ly, adv. — So*phis"tic*al*ness, n.

SOPHISTICATE So*phis"ti*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sophisticated; p. pr. & vb. n. Sophisticating.] Etym: [LL. sophisticatus, p.p. of sophisticare to sophisticate.]

Defn: To render worthless by admixture; to adulterate; to damage; to pervert; as, to sophisticate wine. Howell. To sophisticate the understanding. Southey. Yet Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to sophisticate, not to refine. M. Arnold. They purchase but sophisticated ware. Dryden.

Syn. — To adulterate; debase; corrupt; vitiate.

SOPHISTICATE; SOPHISTICATED So*phis"ti*cate, So*phis"ti*ca`ted, a.

Defn: Adulterated; not pure; not genuine. So truth, while only one supplied the state, Grew scare and dear, and yet sophisticate. Dryden.

SOPHISTICATION So*phis`ti*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. sophisticatio, F. sophistication.]

Defn: The act of sophisticating; adulteration; as, the sophistication of drugs. Boyle.

SOPHISTICATOR So*phis"ti*ca`tor, n.

Defn: One who sophisticates.

SOPHISTRY Soph"ist*ry, n. Etym: [OE. sophistrie, OF. sophisterie.]

1. The art or process of reasoning; logic. [Obs.]

2. The practice of a sophist; fallacious reasoning; reasoning sound in appearance only. The juggle of sophistry consists, for the most part, in usig a word in one sense in the premise, and in another sense in the conclusion. Coleridge.

Syn. — See Fallacy.

SOPHOMORE Soph"o*more, n. Etym: [Probably fr. soph or sophister + Gr. Soph-Mor as "the next distinctive appellation to Freshman," but the term has now almost ceased to be known at the English university from whence it came.]

Defn: One belonging to the second of the four classes in an American college, or one next above a freshman. [Formerly written also sophimore.]

SOPHOMORIC; SOPHOMORICAL Soph`o*mor"ic, Soph`o*mor"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sophomore; resembling a sophomore; hence, pretentious; inflated in style or manner; as, sophomoric affectation. [U. S.]

SOPHORA So*pho"ra, n. Etym: [Ar. .] (Bot.) (a) A genus of leguminous plants. (b) A tree (Sophora Japonica) of Eastern Asia, resembling the common locust; occasionally planted in the United States.

SOPHTA Soph"ta, n.

Defn: See Softa.

SOPITE So"pite, v. t. Etym: [L. sopitus, p.p. of sopire to put to sleep; akin to sopor a sleeping draught, a heavy sleep.]

Defn: To lay asleep; to put to sleep; to quiet. [Obs.] The king's declaration for the sopiting of all Arminian heresies. Fuller.

SOPITION So*pi"tion, n.

Defn: The act of putting to sleep, or the state of being put to sleep; sleep. [Obs.] Dementation and sopition of reason. Sir T. Browne.

SOPOR So"por, n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: Profound sleep from which a person can be roused only with difficulty.

SOPORATE Sop"o*rate, v. t. Etym: [L. soporatus, p.p. or soporare to put to sleep, fr. sopor a heavy sleep.]

Defn: To lay or put to sleep; to stupefy. [Obs.] Cudworth.

SOPORIFEROUS Sop`o*rif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. soparifer; sopor a heavy sleep + ferere to bring.]

Defn: Causing sleep; somniferous; soporific. "Soporiferous medicine." Swift. —- Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ly, adv. — Sop`o*rif"er*ous*ness, n.

SOPORIFIC Sop`o*rif"ic, a. Etym: [L. sopor a heavy sleep (akin to somnus sleep) + facere to make. See Somnolent, Fact.]

Defn: Causing sleep; tending to cause sleep; soporiferous; as, the soporific virtues of opium.

Syn. — Somniferous; narcotic; opiate; anodyne.

SOPORIFIC Sop`o*rif"ic, n.

Defn: A medicine, drug, plant, or other agent that has the quality of inducing sleep; a narcotic.

SOPOROSE; SOPOROUS Sop"o*rose`, Sop"o*rous, a. Etym: [From Sopor; cf. L. soporus, fr. sopor a heavy sleep; F. soporeux.]

Defn: Causing sleep; sleepy.

SOPPER Sop"per, n.

Defn: One who sops. Johnson.

SOPPING sopping

Defn: more recent version of soppy. Used esp. in phrase sopping wet.

SOPPY Sop"py, a.

Defn: Soaked or saturated with liquid or moisture; very wet or sloppy. It [Yarmouth] looked rather spongy and soppy. Dickens.

SOPRA So"pra, adv. Etym: [It., from L. supra above.] (Mus.)

Defn: Above; before; over; upon.

SOPRANIST So*pra"nist, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A treble singer.

SOPRANO So*pra"no, n.; pl. E. Sopranos, It. Soprani. Etym: [It., fr. soprano superior, highest, fr. sopra above, L. supra. See Sovereign.] (Mus.) (a) The treble; the highest vocal register; the highest kind of female or boy's voice; the upper part in harmony for mixed voices. (b) A singer, commonly a woman, with a treble voice.

SOPSAVINE Sops"a*vine, n.

Defn: See Sops of wine, under Sop.

SORA So"ra, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A North American rail (Porzana Carolina) common in the Eastern United States. Its back is golden brown, varied with black and white, the front of the head and throat black, the breast and sides of the head and neck slate-colored. Called also American rail, Carolina rail, Carolina crake, common rail, sora rail, soree, meadow chicken, and orto. King sora, the Florida gallinule.

SORANCE Sor"ance ( or ), n.

Defn: Soreness. [Obs.]

SORB Sorb, n.Etym: [L. sorbus the tree, sorbum the fruit; cf. F. sorbe. See Service tree.] (Bot.) (a) The wild service tree (Pyrus torminalis) of Europe; also, the rowan tree. (b) The fruit of these trees. Sorb apple, the fruit of the sorb, or wild service tree. — Sorb tree, the wild service tree.

SORBATE Sor"bate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sorbate. See Sorbic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of sorbic acid.

SORBEFACIENT Sor`be*fa"cient, a. Etym: [L. sorbere to suck in, absorb + faciens, p.pr. of facere to make.] (Med.)

Defn: Producing absorption. — n.

Defn: A medicine or substance which produces absorption.

SORBENT Sorb"ent, n. Etym: [L. sorbens, p.pr. of sorbere to suck in, to absorb.]

Defn: An absorbent. [R.]

SORBET Sor"bet, n. Etym: [F. sorbet or It. sorbetto or Sp. sorbete, from the same source as E. sherbet. See Sherbet.]

Defn: A kind of beverage; sherbet. Smolett.

SORBIC Sor"bic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. sorbique. See Sorb.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, the rowan tree, or sorb; specifically, designating an acid, C

SORBILE Sor"bile, a. Etym: [L. sorbilis, fr. sorbere to suck in, to drink down.]

Defn: Fit to be drunk or sipped. [Obs.]

SORBIN Sor"bin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An unfermentable sugar, isomeric with glucose, found in the ripe berries of the rowan tree, or sorb, and extracted as a sweet white crystalline substance; — called also mountain-ash sugar.

SORBITE Sor"bite, n. Etym: [L. sorbus service tree.] (Chem.)

Defn: A sugarlike substance, isomeric with mannite and dulcite, found with sorbin in the ripe berries of the sorb, and extracted as a sirup or a white crystalline substance. — Sor*bit"ic, a.

SORBITION Sor*bi"tion, n. Etym: [L. sorbitio.]

Defn: The act of drinking or sipping. [Obs.]

SORBONICAL Sor*bon"ic*al, a.

Defn: Belonging to the Sorbonne or to a Sorbonist. Bale.

SORBONIST Sor"bon*ist, n. Etym: [F. sorboniste.]

Defn: A doctor of the Sorbonne, or theological college, in the University of Paris, founded by Robert de Sorbon, a. d. 1252. It was suppressed in the Revolution of 1789.

SORCERER Sor"cer*er, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sorcier. See Sorcery.]

Defn: A conjurer; an enchanter; a magician. Bacon. Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers. Ex. vii. 11.

SORCERESS Sor"cer*ess, n.

Defn: A female sorcerer.

SORCERING Sor"cer*ing, n.

Defn: Act or practice of using sorcery.

SORCEROUS Sor"cer*ous, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to sorcery.

SORCERY Sor"cer*y, n.; pl. Sorceries. Etym: [OE. sorcerie, OF. sorcerie, fr. OF. & F. sorcier a sorcerer, LL. sortiarius, fr. L. sors, sortis, a lot, decision by lot, fate, destiny. See Sort, n.]

Defn: Divination by the assistance, or supposed assistance, of evil spirits, or the power of commanding evil spirits; magic; necromancy; witchcraft; enchantment. Adder's wisdom I have learned, To fence my ear against thy sorceries. Milton.

SORD Sord ( or ), n.

Defn: See Sward. [R.] Milton.

SORDES Sor"des, n. Etym: [L., fr. sordere to be dirty or foul.]

Defn: Foul matter; excretion; dregs; filthy, useless, or rejected matter of any kind; specifically (Med.), the foul matter that collects on the teeth and tongue in low fevers and other conditions attended with great vital depression.

SORDET Sor"det, n. Etym: [See Sordine.] (Mus.)

Defn: A sordine.

SORDID Sor"did, a. Etym: [L. sordidus, fr. sordere to be filthy or dirty; probably akin to E. swart: cf. F. sordide. See Swart, a.]

1. Filthy; foul; dirty. [Obs.] A sordid god; down from his hoary chin A length of beard descends, uncombed, unclean. Dryden.

2. Vile; base; gross; mean; as, vulgar, sordid mortals. "To scorn the sordid world." Milton.

3. Meanly avaricious; covetous; niggardly. He may be old, And yet sordid, who refuses gold. Sir J. Denham.

SORDIDLY Sor*did"ly, n.

Defn: Sordidness. [Obs.]

SORDIDLY Sor"did*ly, adv.

Defn: In a sordid manner.

SORDIDNESS Sor"did*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being sordid.

SORDINE Sor"dine ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [It. sordina, sordino, from sordo deaf, dull-sounding, L. surdus. See Surd.] (Mus.)

Defn: See Damper, and 5th Mute.

SORE Sore, a. Etym: [F. saure, sore, sor; faucon sor a sore falcon. See Sorrel, n.]

Defn: Reddish brown; sorrel. [R.] Sore falcon. (Zoöl.) See Sore, n., 1.

SORE Sore, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young hawk or falcon in the first year.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young buck in the fourth year. See the Note under Buck.

SORE Sore, a. [Compar. Sorer (; superl. Sorest.] Etym: [OE. sor, sar, AS. sar; akin to D. zeer, OS. & OHG. s, G. sehr very, Icel. sarr, Sw. sår, Goth. sair pain. Cf. Sorry.]

1. Tender to the touch; susceptible of pain from pressure; inflamed; painful; — said of the body or its parts; as, a sore hand.

2. Fig.: Sensitive; tender; easily pained, grieved, or vexed; very susceptible of irritation. Malice and hatred are very fretting and vexatious, and apt to make our minds sore and uneasy. Tillotson.

3. Severe; afflictive; distressing; as, a sore disease; sore evil or calamity. Shak.

4. Criminal; wrong; evil. [Obs.] Shak. Sore throat (Med.), inflammation of the throat and tonsils; pharyngitis. See Cynanche. — Malignant, Ulcerated or Putrid, sore throat. See Angina, and under Putrid.

SORE Sore, n. Etym: [OE. sor, sar, AS. sar. See Sore, a.]

1. A place in an animal body where the skin and flesh are ruptured or bruised, so as to be tender or painful; a painful or diseased place, such as an ulcer or a boil. The dogs came and licked his sores. Luke xvi. 21.

2. Fig.: Grief; affliction; trouble; difficulty. Chaucer. I see plainly where his sore lies. Sir W. Scott. Gold sore. (Med.) See under Gold, n.

SORE Sore, adv. Etym: [AS. sare. See Sore, a.]

1. In a sore manner; with pain; grievously. Thy hand presseth me sore. Ps. xxxviii. 2.

2. Greatly; violently; deeply. [Hannah] prayed unto the Lord and wept sore. 1 Sam. i. 10. Sore sighed the knight, who this long sermon heard. Dryden.

SOREDIA So*re"di*a, n.,

Defn: pl. of Soredium.

SOREDIATE So*re"di*ate, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Sorediïferous.

SOREDIFEROUS; SOREDIIFEROUS Sore*dif"er*ous, or Sore*di*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Soredium + -ferous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing soredia; sorediate.

SOREDIUM So*re"di*um, n.; pl. Soredia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A patch of granular bodies on the surface of the thallus of lichens.

SOREE So"ree (, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Sora.

SOREHEAD Sore"head`, n.

Defn: One who is disgruntled by a failure in politics, or the like. [Slang, U.S.]

SOREHON Sore"hon, n. Etym: [Corrupted from sojourn, Scot. soirne, sorn.]

Defn: Formerly, in Ireland, a kind of servile tenure which subjected the tenant to maintain his chieftain gratuitously whenever he wished to indulge in a revel. Spenser.

SOREL Sor"el, n. Etym: [A diminutive. See Sore reddish brown.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young buck in the third year. See the Note under Buck. Shak.

2. A yellowish or reddish brown color; sorrel.

SORELY Sore"ly, adv.

Defn: In a sore manner; grievously; painfully; as, to be sorely afflicted.

SOREMA So*re"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A heap of carpels belonging to one flower.

SORENESS Sore"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being sore; tenderness; painfull; as, the soreness of a wound; the soreness of an affliction.

SOREX So"rex, n. Etym: [L., a shrew.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small Insectivora, including the common shrews.

SORGHE Sor"ghe, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The three-beared rocking, or whistlefish. [Prov. Eng.]

SORGHUM Sor"ghum, n. Etym: [NL., probably of Chinese origin.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of grasses, properly limited to two species, Sorghum Halepense, the Arabian millet, or Johnson grass (see Johnson grass), and S. vulgare, the Indian millet (see Indian millet, under Indian). (b) A variety of Sorghum vulgare, grown for its saccharine juice; the Chinese sugar cane.

SORGO Sor"go, n. Etym: [Cf. It. sorgo. See Sorghum.] (Bot.)

Defn: Indian millet and its varieties. See Sorghum.

SORI So"ri, n.,

Defn: pl. of Sorus.

SORICINE So"ri*cine, a. Etym: [L. sorricinus, fr. sorex a shrew.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Shrew family (Soricidæ); like a shrew in form or habits; as, the soricine bat (Glossophaga soricina).

SORITES So*ri"tes, n. Etym: [L., from Gr. swrei`ths (sc. syllogismo`s), properly, heaped up (hence, a heap of syllogisms), fr. swro`s a heap.] (Logic)

Defn: An abridged form of stating of syllogisms in a series of propositions so arranged that the predicate of each one that precedes forms the subject of each one that follows, and the conclusion unites the subject of the first proposition with the predicate of the last proposition, as in following example; — The soul is a thinking agent; A thinking agent can not be severed into parts; That which can not be severed can not be destroyed; Therefore the soul can not be destroyed.

Note: When the series is arranged in the reverse order, it is called the Goclenian sorites, from Goclenius, a philosopher of the sixteenth century. Destructive sorities. See under Destructive.

SORITICAL So"rit"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sorites; resembling a sorites.

SORN Sorn, v. i. Etym: [See Sorehon.]

Defn: To obtrude one's self on another for bed and board. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

SORNER Sorn"er, n.

Defn: One who obtrudes himself on another for bed and board. [Scot.] De Quncey.

SORORAL So*ro"ral, a. Etym: [L. soror sister: cf. F. sororal.]

Defn: Relating to a sister; sisterly. [R.]

SORORICIDE So*ror"i*cide, n. Etym: [L. sororocida, and sororicidium; soror a sister + caedere to kill.]

Defn: The murder of one's sister; also, one who murders or kills one's own sister. Johnson.

SORORIZE So*ro"rize ( or ), v. i. Etym: [L. soror, sororis, a sister.]

Defn: To associate, or hold fellowship, as sisters; to have sisterly feelings; — analogous to fraternize. [Recent & R.]

SOROSIS So*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Sororize.]

Defn: A woman's club; an association of women. [U. S.]

SOROSIS So*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A fleshy fruit formed by the consolidation of many flowers with their receptacles, ovaries, etc., as the breadfruit, mulberry, and pineapple.

SORRAGE Sor"rage (; 48), n. Etym: [Cf. Sorrel, n.]

Defn: The blades of green or barley. [Obs.] Bailey.

SORRANCE Sor"rance, n.

Defn: Same as Sorance. [Obs.]

SORREL Sor"rel, a. Etym: [F. saur, saure, OF. sor, sore, probably of Teutonic origin; cf. D. zoor dry, LG. soor; the meaning probably coming from the color of dry leaves. See Sear, a., and cf. Sorel.]

Defn: Of a yellowish or redish brown color; as, a sorrel horse.

SORREL Sor"rel, n.

Defn: A yellowish or redish brown color.

SORREL Sor"rel, n. Etym: [F. surelle, fr. sur sour, fr. OHG. s sour. See Sour.] (Bot.)

Defn: One of various plants having a sour juice; especially, a plant of the genus Rumex, as Rumex Acetosa, Rumex Acetosella, etc. Mountain sorrel. (Bot.) See under Mountain. — Red sorrel. (Bot.) (a) A malvaceous plant (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) whose acid calyxes and capsules are used in the West Indies for making tarts and acid drinks. (b) A troublesome weed (Rumex Acetosella), also called sheep sorrel. — Salt of sorrel (Chem.), binoxalate of potassa; — so called because obtained from the juice of Rumex Acetosella, or Rumex Axetosa. — Sorrel tree (Bot.), a small ericaceous tree (Oxydendrum arboreum) whose leaves resemble those of the peach and have a sour taste. It is common along the Alleghanies. Called also sourwood. — Wood sorrel (Bot.), any plant of the genus Oxalis.

SORRENTO WORK Sor"ren"to work`.

Defn: Ornamental work, mostly carved in olivewood, decorated with inlay, made at or near Sorrento, Italy. Hence, more rarely, jig-saw work and the like done anywhere.

SORRILY Sor"ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a sorry manner; poorly. Thy pipe, O Pan, shall help, though I sing sorrily. Sir P. Sidney.

SORRINESS Sor"ri*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being sorry.

SORROW Sor"row, n. Etym: [OE. sorwe, sorewe, sor, AS. sorg, sorh; akin to D. zorg care, anxiety, OS. sorga, OHG. sorga, soraga, suorga, G. sorge, Icel., Sw., & Dan. sorg, Goth. saúrga; of unknown origin.]

Defn: The uneasiness or pain of mind which is produced by the loss of any good, real or supposed, or by diseappointment in the expectation of good; grief at having suffered or occasioned evil; regret; unhappiness; sadness. Milton. How great a sorrow suffereth now Arcite! Chaucer. The safe and general antidote against sorrow is employment. Rambler.

Syn. — Grief; unhappiness; regret; sadness; heaviness; mourning; affliction. See Affliction, and Grief.

SORROW Sor"row, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sorrowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Sorrowing.] Etym: [OE. sorowen, sorwen, sorhen, AS. sorgian; akin to Goth. saúrgan. See Sorrow, n.]

Defn: To feel pain of mind in consequence of evil experienced, feared, or done; to grieve; to be sad; to be sorry. Sorrowing most of all . . . that they should see his face no more. Acts xx. 38. I desire no man to sorrow for me. Sir J. Hayward.

SORROWED Sor"rowed (, a.

Defn: Accompanied with sorrow; sorrowful. [Obs.] Shak.

SORROWFUL Sor"row*ful, a. Etym: [OE. sorweful, AS. sorgful.]

1. Full of sorrow; exhibiting sorrow; sad; dejected; distressed. "This sorrowful prisoner." Chaucer. My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death. Matt. xxvi. 38.

2. Producing sorrow; exciting grief; mournful; lamentable; grievous; as, a sorrowful accident.

Syn. — Sad; mournful; dismal; disconsolate; drear; dreary; grievous; lamentable; doleful; distressing. — Sor"row*ful*ly, adv. — Sor"row*ful*ness, n.

SORROWLESS Sor"row*less, a.

Defn: Free from sorrow.

SORRY Sor"ry, a. [Compar. Sorrier; superl. Sorriest.] Etym: [OE. sory, sary, AS. sarig, fr. sar, n., sore. See Sore, n. & a. The original sense was, painful; hence. miserable, sad.]

1. Grieved for the loss of some good; pained for some evil; feeling regret; — now generally used to express light grief or affliction, but formerly often used to express deeper feeling. "I am sorry for my sins." Piers Plowman. Ye were made sorry after a godly manner. 2 Cor. vii. 9. I am sorry for thee, friend; 't is the duke's pleasure. Shak. She entered, were he lief or sorry. Spenser.

2. Melancholy; dismal; gloomy; mournful. Spenser. All full of chirking was this sorry place. Chaucer.

3. Poor; mean; worthless; as, a sorry excuse. "With sorry grace." Chaucer. Cheeks of sorry grain will serve. Milton. Good fruit will sometimes grow on a sorry tree. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. — Hurt; afflicted; mortified; vexed; chagrined; melancholy; dismal; poor; mean; pitiful.

SORS Sors, n.; pl. Sortes. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A lot; also, a kind of divination by means of lots. Sortes Homericæ or Virgilianæ Etym: [L., Homeric or Virgilian lots], a form of divination anciently practiced, which consisted in taking the first passage on which the eye fell, upon opening a volume of Homer or Virgil, or a passage drawn from an urn which several were deposited, as indicating future events, or the proper course to be pursued. In later times the Bible was used for the same purpose by Christians.

SORT Sort, n. Etym: [F. sorl, L. sors, sortis. See Sort kind.]

Defn: Chance; lot; destiny. [Obs.] By aventure, or sort, or cas [chance]. Chaucer. Let blockish Ajax draw The sort to fight with Hector. Shak.

SORT Sort, n. Etym: [F. sorie (cf. It. sorta, sorte), from L. sors, sorti, a lot, part, probably akin to serere to connect. See Series, and cf. Assort, Consort, Resort, Sorcery, Sort lot.]

1. A kind or species; any number or collection of individual persons or things characterized by the same or like qualities; a class or order; as, a sort of men; a sort of horses; a sort of trees; a sort of poems.

2. Manner; form of being or acting. Which for my part I covet to perform, In sort as through the world I did proclaim. Spenser. Flowers, in such sort worn, can neither be smelt nor seen well by those that wear them. Hooker. I'll deceive you in another sort. Shak. To Adam in what sort Shall I appear Milton. I shall not be wholly without praise, if in some sort I have copied his style. Dryden.

3. Condition above the vulgar; rank. [Obs.] Shak.

4. A chance group; a company of persons who happen to be together; a troop; also, an assemblage of animals. [Obs.] "A sort of shepherds." Spenser. "A sort of steers." Spenser. "A sort of doves." Dryden. "A sort of rogues." Massinger. A boy, a child, and we a sort of us, Vowed against his voyage. Chapman.

5. A pair; a set; a suit. Johnson.

6. pl. (Print.)

Defn: Letters, figures, points, marks, spaces, or quadrats, belonging to a case, separately considered. Out of sorts (Print.), with some letters or sorts of type deficient or exhausted in the case or font; hence, colloquially, out of order; ill; vexed; disturbed. — To run upon sorts (Print.), to use or require a greater number of some particular letters, figures, or marks than the regular proportion, as, for example, in making an index.

Syn. — Kind; species; rank; condition. — Sort, Kind. Kind originally denoted things of the same family, or bound together by some natural affinity; and hence, a class. Sort signifies that which constitutes a particular lot of parcel, not implying necessarily the idea of affinity, but of mere assemblage. the two words are now used to a great extent interchangeably, though sort (perhaps from its original meaning of lot) sometimes carries with it a slight tone of disparagement or contempt, as when we say, that sort of people, that sort of language. As when the total kind Of birds, in orderly array on wing, Came summoned over Eden to receive Their names of there. Milton. None of noble sort Would so offend a virgin. Shak.

SORT Sort, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sorting.]

1. To separate, and place in distinct classes or divisions, as things having different qualities; as, to sort cloths according to their colors; to sort wool or thread according to its fineness. Rays which differ in refrangibility may be parted and sorted from one another. Sir I. Newton.

2. To reduce to order from a confused state. Hooker.

3. To conjoin; to put together in distribution; to class. Shellfish have been, by some of the ancients, compared and sorted with insects. Bacon. She sorts things present with things past. Sir J. Davies.

4. To choose from a number; to select; to cull. That he may sort out a worthy spouse. Chapman. I'll sort some other time to visit you. Shak.

5. To conform; to adapt; to accommodate. [R.] I pray thee, sort thy heart to patience. Shak.

SORT Sort, v. i.

1. To join or associate with others, esp. with others of the same kind or species; to agree. Nor do metals only sort and herd with metals in the earth, and minerals with minerals. Woodward. The illiberality of parents towards children makes them base, and sort with any company. Bacon.

2. To suit; to fit; to be in accord; to harmonize. They are happy whose natures sort with their vocations. Bacon. Things sort not to my will. herbert. I can not tell you precisely how they sorted. Sir W. Scott.

SORTABLE Sort"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. sortable suitable.]

1. Capable of being sorted.

2. Suitable; befitting; proper. [Obs.] con.

SORTABLY Sort"a*bly, adv.

Defn: Suitable. [Obs.] otgrave.

SORTAL Sort"al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a sort. [Obs.] Locke.

SORTANCE Sort"ance, n. Etym: [From Sort, v. i.]

Defn: Suitableness; agreement. [Obs.] hak.

SORTER Sort"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, sorts.

SORTES Sor"tes, n.,

Defn: pl. of Sors.

SORTIE Sor"tie, n. Etym: [F., fr. sortir to go out, to issue, probably fr. L. sortus, for surrectus, p.p. of surgere to raise up, to rise up. See Source.] (Mil.)

Defn: The sudden issuing of a body of troops, usually small, from a besieged place to attack or harass the besiegers; a sally.

SORTILEGE Sor"ti*lege, n. Etym: [F. sortilège, fr. L. sors, sortis, a lot + legere to gather, to select.]

Defn: The act or practice of drawing lots; divination by drawing lots. A woman infamous for sortileges and witcheries. Sir W. Scott.

SORTILEGIOUS Sor`ti*le"gious, a.

Defn: Pertaining to sortilege.

SORTILEGY Sor"til"e*gy, n.

Defn: Sortilege. [R.] De Quincey.

SORTITA Sor*ti"ta, n. [It., a coming out.]

1. The air sung by any of the principal characters in an opera on entering.

2. A closing voluntary; a postlude.

SORTITION Sor*ti"tion, n. Etym: [L. sortitio, from sortiri to draw or cast lots, fr. sors, sortis, a lot.]

Defn: Selection or appointment by lot. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

SORTMENT Sort"ment, n.

Defn: Assortiment. [Obs.]

SORUS So"rus, n.; pl. Sori. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: One of the fruit dots, or small clusters of sporangia, on the back of the fronds of ferns.

SORWE Sor"we, n. & v.

Defn: Sorrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SORWEFUL Sor"we*ful, a.

Defn: Sorrowful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SORY So"ry, n. Etym: [L. sory, Gr. (Old Min. Chem.)

Defn: Green vitriol, or some earth imregnated with it.

SOS SOS.

Defn: The letters signified by the signal ( . . . —-. . . ) prescribed by the International Radiotelegraphic Convention of 1912 for use by ships in distress.

SO-SO So"-so`, a. Etym: [So + so.]

Defn: Neither very good nor very bad; middling; passable; tolerable; indifferent. In some Irish houses, where things are so-so, One gammon of bacon hangs up for a show. Goldsmith. He [Burns] certainly wrote some so-so verses to the Tree of Liberty. Prof. Wilson.

SO-SO So"-so`, adv.

Defn: Tolerably; passably. H. James.

SOSS Soss, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Souse.]

Defn: To fall at once into a chair or seat; to sit lazily. [Obs.] Swift.

SOSS Soss, v. t.

Defn: To throw in a negligent or careless manner; to toss. [Obs.] Swift.

SOSS Soss, n.

1. A lazy fellow. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

2. A heavy fall. [Prov. Eng.] Hallowell.

SOSS Soss, n. Etym: [See Sesspol.]

Defn: Anything dirty or muddy; a dirty puddle. [Prov. Eng.]

SOSTENUTO Sos`te*nu"to, a. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: Sustained; — applied to a movement or passage the sounds of which are to sustained to the utmost of the nominal value of the time; also, to a passage the tones of which are to be somewhat prolonged or protacted.

SOT Sot, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. sottus; of unknown origin, cf. Ir. sotal pride, soithir proud, or Chald. & NHeb. shoten foolish.]

1. A stupid person; a blockhead; a dull fellow; a dolt. [Obs.] outh. In Egypt oft has seen the sot bow down, And reverence some dOldham.

2. A person stupefied by excessive drinking; an habitual drunkard. "A brutal sot." Granville. Every sign That calls the staring sots to nasty wine. Roscommon.

SOT Sot, a.

Defn: Sottish; foolish; stupid; dull. [Obs.] "Rich, but sot." Marston.

SOT Sot, v. t.

Defn: To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot. [R.] I hate to see a brave, bold fellow sotted. Dryden.

SOT Sot, v. i.

Defn: To tipple to stupidity. [R.] Goldsmith.

SOTADEAN So`ta*de"an, a.

Defn: Sotadic.

SOTADIC So*tad"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the lascivious compositions of the Greek poet Sotades. — n.

Defn: A Sotadic verse or poem.

SOTE Sote, a.

Defn: Sweet. [Obs.] Chaucer. Fairfax.

SOTEL; SOTIL So"tel, So"til, a.

Defn: Subtile. [Obs.]

SOTERIOLOGY So*te`ri*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

1. A discourse on health, or the science of promoting and preserving health.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: The doctrine of salvation by Jesus Christ.

SOTHE Sothe ( or ), a.

Defn: Sooth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOTHIAC; SOTHIC So"thi*ac, Soth"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Sothis, the Egyptian name for the Dog Star; taking its name from the Dog Star; canicular. Sothiac, or Sothic, year (Chronol.), the Egyptian year of 365 days and 6 hours, as distinguished from the Egyptian vague year, which contained 365 days. The Sothic period consists of 1,460 Sothic years, being equal to 1,461 vague years. One of these periods ended in July, a. d. 139.

SOTILTE So"til*te, n.

Defn: Subtlety. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOTTED Sot"ted,

Defn: a. & p. p. of Sot. Befooled; deluded; besotted. [Obs.] "This sotted priest." Chaucer.

SOTTERY Sot"ter*y, n.

Defn: Folly. [Obs.] Gauden.

SOTTISH Sot"tish, a. Etym: [From Sot.]

Defn: Like a sot; doltish; very foolish; drunken. How ignorant are sottish pretenders to astrology! Swift.

Syn. — Dull; stupid; senseless; doltish; infatuate. — Sot"tish*ly, adv. — Sot"tish*ness, n.

SOTTO VOCE Sot`to vo"ce. Etym: [It.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: With a restrained voice or moderate force; in an undertone.

2. Spoken low or in an undertone.

SOU Sou, n.; pl. Sous or. Etym: [F. sou, OF. sol, from L. solidus a gold coin, in LL., a coin of less value. See Sold, n., Solid, and and cf. Sol, Soldo.]

Defn: An old French copper coin, equivalent in value to, and now displaced by, the five-centime piece (sou.

SOUARI NUT Sou*a"ri nut`. (Bot.)

Defn: The large edible nutlike seed of a tall tropical American tree (Caryocar nuciferum) of the same natural order with the tea plant; — also called butternut. [Written also sawarra nut.]

SOUBAH Sou"bah, n.

Defn: See Subah.

SOUBAHDAR Sou"bah*dar, n.

Defn: See Subahdar.

SOUBISE Sou`bise" (soo`bez"), n.

1. [F.] A sauce made of white onions and melted butter mixed with velouté sauce.

2. A kind of cravat worn by men in the late 18th century.

SOUBRETTE Sou`brette", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A female servant or attendant; specifically, as a term of the theater, a lady's maid, in comedies, who acts the part of an intrigante; a meddlesome, mischievous female servant or young woman.

SOUBRIQUET Sou`bri`quet", n.

Defn: See Sobriquet.

SOUCE Souce, n.

Defn: See 1st Souse.

SOUCE Souce, v. t. & i.

Defn: See Souse. [Obs.] penser.

SOUCHONG Sou*chong", n. Etym: [Chin. seou chong little plant or sort.]

Defn: A kind of black tea of a fine quality.

SOUDAN Sou*dan", n.Etym: [F.]

Defn: A sultan. [Obs.]

SOUDED; SOUDET Soud"ed, Soud"et, a. Etym: [See Solder.]

Defn: United; consolidated; made firm; strengthened. [Obs.] O martyr souded for virginity! Chaucer.

SOUFFLE Souf"fle, n. Etym: [F.] (Med.)

Defn: A murmuring or blowing sound; as, the uterine souffle heard over the pregnant uterus.

SOUFFLE Souf"flé, n. Etym: [F., fr. soufflé, p.p. of souffler to puff.] (Cookery)

Defn: A side dish served hot from the oven at dinner, made of eggs, milk, and flour or other farinaceous substance, beaten till very light, and flavored with fruits, liquors, or essence.

SOUFFLEE Soufflée.

Defn: Filled with air by beating, and baked; as, an omelette soufflé.

SOUGH Sough, n.

Defn: A sow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOUGH Sough, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A small drain; an adit. [Prov. Eng.] W. M. Buchanan.

SOUGH Sough, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. s (in comp.) a rushing sound, or OE. swough, swogh, a sound, AS. sw to rustle. Cf. Surf, Swoon, v. i.]

1. The sound produced by soughing; a hollow murmur or roaring. The whispering leaves or solemn sough of the forest. W. Howitt.

2. Hence, a vague rumor or flying report. [Scot.]

3. A cant or whining mode of speaking, especially in preaching or praying. [Scot.] Jamieson.

SOUGH Sough, v. i.

Defn: To whistle or sigh, as the wind.

SOUGHT Sought,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Seek.

SOUKE Souke, v. t. & i.

Defn: To suck. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOUL Soul, a.

Defn: Sole. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOUL Soul, a.

Defn: Sole. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOUL Soul, v. i. Etym: [F. soûler to satiate. See Soil to feed.]

Defn: To afford suitable sustenance. [Obs.] Warner.

SOUL Soul, n. Etym: [OE. soule, saule, AS. sawel, sawl; akin to OFries. s, OS. s, D. ziel, G. seele, OHG. s, s, Icel. sala, Sw. själ, Dan. siæl, Goth. saiwala; of uncertain origin, perhaps akin to L. saeculum a lifetime, age (cf. Secular.)]

1. The spiritual, rational, and immortal part in man; that part of man which enables him to think, and which renders him a subject of moral government; — sometimes, in distinction from the higher nature, or spirit, of man, the so-called animal soul, that is, the seat of life, the sensitive affections and phantasy, exclusive of the voluntary and rational powers; — sometimes, in distinction from the mind, the moral and emotional part of man's nature, the seat of feeling, in distinction from intellect; — sometimes, the intellect only; the understanding; the seat of knowledge, as distinguished from feeling. In a more general sense, "an animating, separable, surviving entity, the vehicle of individual personal existence." Tylor. The eyes of our souls only then begin to see, when our bodily eyes are closing. Law.

2. The seat of real life or vitality; the source of action; the animating or essential part. "The hidden soul of harmony." Milton. Thou sun, of this great world both eye and soul. Milton.

3. The leader; the inspirer; the moving spirit; the heart; as, the soul of an enterprise; an able gemeral is the soul of his army. He is the very soul of bounty! Shak.

4. Energy; courage; spirit; fervor; affection, or any other noble manifestation of the heart or moral nature; inherent power or goodness. That he wants algebra he must confess; But not a soul to give our arms success. Young.

5. A human being; a person; — a familiar appellation, usually with a qualifying epithet; as, poor soul. As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country. Prov. xxv. 25. God forbid so many simple souls Should perish by the aword! Shak. Now mistress Gilpin (careful soul). Cowper.

6. A pure or disembodied spirit. That to his only Son . . . every soul in heaven Shall bend the knee. Milton.

Note: Soul is used in the formation of numerous compounds, most of which are of obvious signification; as, soul-betraying, soul- consuming, soul-destroying, soul-distracting, soul-enfeebling, soul- exalting, soul-felt, soul-harrowing, soul-piercing, soul-quickening, soul-reviving, soul-stirring, soul-subduing, soul-withering, etc.

Syn. — Spirit; life; courage; fire; ardor. Cure of souls. See Cure, n., 2. — Soul bell, the passing bell. Bp. Hall. — Soul foot. See Soul scot, below. [Obs.] — Soul scot or Soul shot. Etym: [Soul + scot, or shot; cf. AS. sawelsceat.] (O. Eccl. Law) A funeral duty paid in former times for a requiem for the soul. Ayliffe.

SOUL Soul, v. t.

Defn: To indue with a soul; to furnish with a soul or mind. [Obs.] Chaucer.

SOULED Souled, a.

Defn: Furnished with a soul; possessing soul and feeling; — used chiefly in composition; as, great-souled Hector. "Grecian chiefs . . . largely souled." Dryden.

SOULILI Sou"li*li`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A long-tailed, crested Javan monkey (Semnopithecus mitratus). The head, the crest, and the upper surface of the tail, are black.

SOULLESS Soul"less, a.

Defn: Being without a soul, or without greatness or nobleness of mind; mean; spiritless. Slave, souless villain, dog! Shak.

SOULLESSLY Soul"less*ly, adv.

Defn: In a soulless manner. Tylor.

SOUN Soun, n. & v.

Defn: Sound. [Obs.] aucer.

SOUND Sound, n. Etym: [AS. sund a swimming, akin to E. swim. See Swim.]

Defn: The air bladder of a fish; as, cod sounds are an esteemed article of food.

SOUND Sound, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cuttlefish. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

SOUND Sound, a. [Compar. Sounder; superl. Soundest.] Etym: [OE. sound, AS. sund; akin to D. gezond, G. gesund, OHG. gisunt, Dan. & Sw. sund, and perhaps to L. sanus. Cf. Sane.]