L (continued 7)

LIMULUS Lim"u*lus, n.; pl. Limuli (-li). Etym: [L., dim. of limus sidelong, askance.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The only existing genus of Merostomata. It includes only a few species from the East Indies, and one (Limulus polyphemus) from the Atlantic coast of North America. Called also Molucca crab, king crab, horseshoe crab, and horsefoot.

LIMY Lim"y, a. Etym: [See 4th Lime.]

1. Smeared with, or consisting of, lime; viscous. "Limy snares.' Spenser.

2. Containing lime; as, a limy soil.

3. Resembling lime; having the qualities of lime.

LIN Lin, v. i. Etym: [AS. linnan. See Lithe.]

Defn: To yield; to stop; to cease. [Obs. or Scot.] Marsion.

LIN Lin, n. Etym: [Ir. linn, or Gael. linne; akin to W. llyn a pool, pond, lake, but in senses 2 and 3 prob. from AS.hlynn torrent. Cf. Dunlin.]

1. A pool or collection of water, particularly one above or below a fall of water.

2. A waterfall, or cataract; as, a roaring lin.

3. A steep ravine.

Note: Written also linn and lyn.

LINAGE Lin"age, n.

Defn: See Lineage. [Obs.] Holland.

LINAMENT Lin"a*ment, n. Etym: [L. linamentum, fr. linum flax.] (Surg.)

Defn: Lint; esp., lint made into a tent for insertion into wounds or ulcers.

LINARITE Li*nar`ite, n. Etym: [So called because formerly supposed to occur at Linares, in Spain.] (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous sulphate of lead and copper occurring in bright blue monoclinic crystals.

LINCH Linch, n. Etym: [AS. hlinc a hill.]

Defn: A ledge; a right-angled projection.

LINCHI Lin"chi, n. Etym: [Native Chinese name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An esculent swallow.

LINCHPIN Linch"pin`, n. Etym: [AS. lynis the axletree; akin to D. luns linchpin, OS. lunisa, LG. lunse, G. lünse, OHG. lun peg, bolt.]

Defn: A pin used to prevent the wheel of a vehicle from sliding off the axletree.

LINCOLN GREEN Lin"coln green"

Defn: . A color of cloth formerly made in Lincoln, England; the cloth itself.

LINCTURE; LINCTUS Linc"ture, Linc"tus, n. Etym: [L. lingere, linctum, to lick.]

Defn: Medicine taken by licking with the tongue.

LIND Lind, n.

Defn: The linden. See Linden. Chaucer.

LINDEN Lin"den, n. Etym: [Orig. an adj. from lind linden tree, AS. lind; akin to D. & G. linde, OHG. linta, Icel., Sw., & Dan. lind. Cf. Lime linden.] (Bot.) (a) A handsome tree (Tilia Europæa), having cymes of light yellow flowers, and large cordate leaves. The tree is common in Europe. (b) In America, the basswood, or Tilia Americana.

LINDIA Lin"di*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A peculiar genus of rotifers, remarkable for the absence of ciliated disks. By some zoölogists it is thought to be like the ancestral form of the Arthropoda.

LINDIFORM Lin"di*form, a. Etym: [Lindia + -form.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling the genus Lindia; — said of certain apodous insect larvæ. [See Illust. under Larva.]

LINE Line, n. Etym: [OE. lin. See Linen.]

1. Flax; linen. [Obs.] "Garments made of line." Spenser.

2. The longer and fiber of flax.

LINE Line, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lined; p. pr. & vb. n. Lining.]

1. To cover the inner surface of; as, to line a cloak with silk or fur; to line a box with paper or tin. The inside lined with rich carnation silk. W. Browne.

2. To put something in the inside of; to fill; to supply, as a purse with money. The charge amounteth very high for any one man's purse, except lined beyond ordinary, to reach unto. Carew. Till coffee has her stomach lined. Swift.

3. To place persons or things along the side of for security or defense; to strengthen by adding; to fortify; as, to line works with soldiers. Line and new repair our towns of war With men of courage and with means defendant. Shak.

4. To impregnate; — applied to brute animals. Creech. Lined gold, gold foil having a lining of another metal.

LINE Line, n. Etym: [OE. line, AS. line cable, hawser, prob. from L. linea a linen thread, string, line, fr. linum flax, thread, linen, cable; but the English word was influenced by F. ligne line, from the same L. word linea. See Linen.]

1. linen thread or string; a slender, strong cord; also, a cord of any thickness; a rope; a hawser; as, a fishing line; a line for snaring birds; a clothesline; a towline. Who so layeth lines for to latch fowls. Piers Plowman.

2. A more or less threadlike mark of pen, pencil, or graver; any long mark; as, a chalk line.

3. The course followed by anything in motion; hence, a road or route; as, the arrow descended in a curved line; the place is remote from lines of travel.

4. Direction; as, the line sight or vision.

5. A row of letters, words, etc., written or printed; esp., a row of words extending across a page or column.

6. A short letter; a note; as, a line from a friend.

7. (Poet.)

Defn: A verse, or the words which form a certain number of feet, according to the measure. In the preceding line Ulysses speaks of Nausicaa. Broome.

8. Course of conduct, thought, occupation, or policy; method of argument; department of industry, trade, or intellectual activity. He is uncommonly powerful in his own line, but it is not the line of a first-rate man. Coleridge.

9. (Math.)

Defn: That which has length, but not breadth or thickness.

10. The exterior limit of a figure, plat, or territory; boundary; contour; outline. Eden stretched her line From Auran eastward to the royal towers Of great Seleucia. Milton.

11. A threadlike crease marking the face or the hand; hence, characteristic mark. Though on his brow were graven lines austere. Byron. He tipples palmistry, and dines On all her fortune-telling lines. Cleveland.

12. Lineament; feature; figure. "The lines of my boy's face." Shak.

13. A straight row; a continued series or rank; as, a line of houses, or of soldiers; a line of barriers. Unite thy forces and attack their lines. Dryden.

14. A series or succession of ancestors or descand ants of a given person; a family or race; as, the ascending or descending line; the line of descent; the male line; a line of kings. Of his lineage am I, and his offspring By very line, as of the stock real. Chaucer.

15. A connected series of public conveyances, and hence, an established arrangement for forwarding merchandise, etc. ; as, a line of stages; an express line.

16. (Geog.) (a) A circle of latitude or of longitude, as represented on a map. (b) The equator; — usually called the line, or equinoctial line; as, to cross the line.

17. A long tape, or a narrow ribbon of steel, etc., marked with subdivisions, as feet and inches, for measuring; a tapeline.

18. (Script.) (a) A measuring line or cord. He marketh it out with a line. Is. xliv. 13.

(b) That which was measured by a line, as a field or any piece of land set apart; hence, allotted place of abode. The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places; yes. I have a goodly heritage. Ps. xvi. 6.

(c) Instruction; doctrine. Their line is gone out through all the earth. Ps. xix. 4.

19. (Mach.)

Defn: The proper relative position or adjustment of parts, not as to design or proportion, but with reference to smooth working; as, the engine is in line or out of line or out of line.

20. The track and roadbed of a railway; railroad.

21. (Mil.) (a) A row of men who are abreast of one another, whether side by side or some distance apart; — opposed to column. (b) The regular infantry of an army, as distinguished from militia, guards, volunteer corps, cavalry, artillery, etc.

22. (Fort.) (a) A trench or rampart. (b) pl.

Defn: Dispositions made to cover extended positions, and presenting a front in but one direction to an enemy.

23. pl. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: form of a vessel as shown by the outlines of vertical, horizontal, and obique sections.

24. (Mus.)

Defn: One of the straight horizontal and parallel prolonged strokes on and between which the notes are placed.

25. (Stock Exchange)

Defn: A number of shares taken by a jobber.

26. (Trade)

Defn: A series of various qualities and values of the same general class of articles; as, a full line of hosiery; a line of merinos, etc. McElrath.

27. The wire connecting one telegraphic station with another, or the whole of a system of telegraph wires under one management and name.

28. pl.

Defn: The reins with which a horse is guided by his driver. [U. S.]

29. A measure of length; one twelfth of an inch. Hard lines, hard lot. C. Kingsley. [See Def. 18.] — Line breeding (Stockbreeding), breeding by a certain family line of descent, especially in the selection of the dam or mother. — Line conch (Zoöl.), a spiral marine shell (Fasciolaria distans), of Florida and the West Indies. It is marked by narrow, dark, revolving lines. — Line engraving. (a) Engraving in which the effects are produced by lines of different width and closeness, cut with the burin upon copper or similar material; also, a plate so engraved. (b) A picture produced by printing from such an engraving. — Line of battle. (a) (Mil Tactics) The position of troops drawn up in their usual order without any determined maneuver. (b) (Naval) The line or arrangement formed by vessels of war in an engagement. — Line of battle ship. See Ship of the line, below. — Line of beauty (Fine Arts),an abstract line supposed to be beautiful in itself and absolutely; — differently represented by different authors, often as a kind of elongated S (like the one drawn by Hogarth). — Line of centers. (Mach.) (a) A line joining two centers, or fulcra, as of wheels or levers. (b) A line which determines a dead center. See Dead center, under Dead. — Line of dip (Geol.), a line in the plane of a stratum, or part of a stratum, perpendicular to its intersection with a horizontal plane; the line of greatest inclination of a stratum to the horizon. — Line of fire (Mil.), the direction of fire. — Line of force (Physics), any line in a space in which forces are acting, so drawn that at every point of the line its tangent is the direction of the resultant of all the forces. It cuts at right angles every equipotential surface which it meets. Specifically (Magnetism), a line in proximity to a magnet so drawn that any point in it is tangential with the direction of a short compass needle held at that point. Faraday. — Line of life (Palmistry), a line on the inside of the hand, curving about the base of the thumb, supposed to indicate, by its form or position, the length of a person's life. — Line of lines. See Gunter's line. — Line of march. (Mil.) (a) Arrangement of troops for marching. (b) Course or direction taken by an army or body of troops in marching. — Line of operations, that portion of a theater of war which an army passes over in attaining its object. H. W. Halleck. — Line of sight (Firearms), the line which passes through the front and rear sight, at any elevation, when they are sighted at an object. — Line tub (Naut.), a tub in which the line carried by a whaleboat is coiled. — Mason and Dixon's line, the boundary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland, as run before the Revolution (1764-1767) by two English astronomers named Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon. In an extended sense, the line between the free and the slave States. — On the line, on a level with the eye of the spectator; — said of a picture, as hung in an exhibition of pictures. — Right line a picture, as hung in an exhibition of pictures. — Right line, a straight line; the shortest line that can be drawn between two points. — Ship of the line, formerly, a ship of war large enough to have a place in the line of battle; a vessel superior to a frigate; usually, a seventy-four, or three-decker; — called also line of battle ship. Totten. — To cross the line, to cross the equator, as a vessel at sea. — To give a person line, to allow him more or less liberty until it is convenient to stop or check him, like a hooked fish that swims away with the line. — Water line (Shipbuilding), the outline of a horizontal section of a vessel, as when floating in the water.

LINE Line, v. t.

1. To mark with a line or lines; to cover with lines; as, to line a copy book. He had a healthy color in his cheeks, and his face, though lined, bore few traces of anxiety. Dickens.

2. To represent by lines; to delineate; to portray. [R.] "Pictures fairest lined." Shak.

3. To read or repeat line by line; as, to line out a hymn. This custom of reading or lining, or, as it was frequently called "deaconing' the hymn or psalm in the churches, was brought about partly from necessity. N. D. Gould.

4. To form into a line; to align; as, to line troops. To line bees, to track wild bees to their nest by following their line of flight. — To line up (Mach.), to put in alignment; to put in correct adjustment for smooth running. See 3d Line, 19.

LINEAGE Lin"e*age, n. Etym: [OE. linage, F. lignage, fr. L. linea line. See 3d Line.]

Defn: Descent in a line from a common progenitor; progeny; race; descending line of offspring or ascending line of parentage. Both the lineage and the certain sire From which I sprung, from me are hidden yet. Spenser.

LINEAL Lin"e*al, a. Etym: [L. linealis belonging to a line, fr. linea line: cf. F. linéal. See 3d Line.]

1. Descending in a direct line from an ancestor; hereditary; derived from ancestors; — opposed to collateral; as, a lineal descent or a lineal descendant. The prime and ancient right of lineal succession. Locke.

2. Inheriting by direct descent; having the right by direct descent to succeed (to). For only you are lineal to the throne. Dryden.

3. Composed of lines; delineated; as, lineal designs.

4. In the direction of a line; of a line; of or pertaining to a line; measured on, or ascertained by, a line; linear; as, lineal magnitude. Lineal measure, the measure of length; — usually written linear measure.

LINEALITY Lin`e*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being linea

LINEALLY Lin"e*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a lineal manner; as, the prince is lineally descended from the Conqueror.

LINEAMENT Lin"e*a*ment, n. Etym: [L. lineamentum, fr. linea line: cf. F. linéament. See 3d Line.]

Defn: One of the outlines, exterior features, or distinctive marks, of a body or figure, particularly of the face; feature; form; mark; - - usually in the plural. "The lineaments of the body." Locke. "Lineaments in the character." Swift. Man he seems In all his lineaments. Milton.

LINEAR Lin"e*ar, a. Etym: [L. linearis, linearius , fr. linea line: cf. F. linéaire. See 3d Line.]

1. Of or pertaining to a line; consisting of lines; in a straight direction; lineal.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Like a line; narrow; of the same breadth throughout, except at the extremities; as, a linear leaf. Linear differential (Math.), an equation which is of the first degree, when the expression which is equated to zero is regarded as a function of the dependent variable and its differential coefficients. — Linear equation (Math.), an equation of the first degree between two variables; — so called because every such equation may be considered as representing a right line. — Linear measure, the measurement of length. — Linear numbers (Math.), such numbers as have relation to length only: such is a number which represents one side of a plane figure. If the plane figure is square, the linear figure is called a root. — Linear problem (Geom.), a problem which may be solved geometrically by the use of right lines alone. — Linear transformation (Alg.), a change of variables where each variable is replaced by a function of the first degree in the new variable.

LINEARENSATE Lin`e*ar*en"sate, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form of a sword, but very long and narrow.

LINEARLY Lin"e*ar*ly, adv.

Defn: In a linear manner; with lines.

LINEAR-SHAPED Lin"e*ar-shaped`, a.

Defn: Of a linear shape.

LINEARY Lin"e*a*ry, a.

Defn: Linear. Holland.

LINEATE; LINEATED Lin"e*ate, Lin"e*a`ted, a. Etym: [L. lineatus, p. p. of lineare to reduce to a straight line, fr. linea line.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Marked with lines.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Marked longitudinally with depressed parallel lines; as, a lineate leaf.

LINEATION Lin`e*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. lineatio the drawing of a line, fr. lineare.]

Defn: Delineation; a line or lines.

LINEATURE Lin"e*a*ture, n.

Defn: Anything having outline. [R.] Holland.

LINEMAN Line"man, n.; pl. Linemen (.

1. One who carried the line in surveying, etc.

2. A man employed to examine the rails of a railroad to see if they are in good condition; also, a man employed to repair telegraph lines.

LINEN Lin"en, a. Etym: [OE., fr. lin linen. See Linen, n.

1.]

Defn: Made of linen; as, linen cloth; a linen stocking.

2. Resembling linen cloth; white; pale.

LINEN Lin"en, n. Etym: [Prop. an adj. from OE. lin. flax, AS. lin flax, whence linen made of flax; akin to OS., Icel., & MHG. lin flax and linen, G. lein, leinen, linen, Sw. lin flax, Goth. lein linen, L. linum flax, linen, Gr. Line, Linseed.]

1. Thread or cloth made of flax or (rarely) of hemp; — used in a general sense to include cambric, shirting, sheeting, towels, tablecloths, etc. "In linen white as milk." Robert of Brunne.

2. Underclothing, esp. the shirt, as being, in former times, chiefly made of linen. Linen draper, a dealer in linen. — Linen prover, a small microscope for counting the threads in a given space in linen fabrics. — Linen scroll, Linen pattern (Arch.), an ornament for filling panels, copied from the folds of a piece of stuff symmetrically disposed.

LINENER Lin"en*er, n.

Defn: A dealer in linen; a linen draper. [Obs.]

LINEOLATE Lin"e*o*late, a. Etym: [L. lineola, dim. of linea line.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Marked with little lines.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Marked longitudinally with fine lines. Gray.

LINER Lin"er, n.

1. One who lines, as, a liner of shoes.

2. A vessel belonging to a regular line of packets; also, a line-of- battle ship; a ship of the line.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: A thin piece placed between two parts to hold or adjust them, fill a space, etc., ; a shim.

4. (Steam Engine)

Defn: A lining within the cylinder, in which the piston works and between which and the outer shell of the cylinder a space is left to form a steam jacket.

5. A slab on which small pieces of marble, tile, etc., are fastened for grinding.

6. (Baseball)

Defn: A ball which, when struck, flies through the air in a nearly straight line not far from the ground.

LINE-UP; LINEUP Line"-up`, Line"up`, n.

Defn: The formation of football players before the start or a restart of play; hence (Colloq.),

Defn: any arrangement of persons (rarely, of things), esp. when having a common purpose or sentiment; as, the line-up at a ticket- office window; the line-up of political factions.

-LING -ling. Etym: [AS. -ling.]

Defn: A noun suffix, commonly having a diminutive or a depreciatory force; as in duck-ling, dosling, hireling, fosterling, firstling, underling.

-LING -ling

Defn: . An adverbial suffix; as, darkling, flatling.

LING Ling, n. Etym: [OE. lenge; akin to D. leng, G. länge, Dan. lange, Sw. l, Icel. langa. So named from its being long. See Long, a.] (Zoöl.) (a) A large, marine, gadoid fish (Molva vulgaris) of Northern Europe and Greenland. It is valued as a food fish and is largely salted and dried. Called also drizzle. (b) The burbot of Lake Ontario. (c) An American hake of the genus Phycis. [Canada] (d) A New Zealand food fish of the genus Genypterus. The name is also locally applied to other fishes, as the cultus cod, the mutton fish, and the cobia.

LING Ling, n. Etym: [Icel. lyng; akin to Dan. lyng, Sw. ljung.] (Bot.)

Defn: Heather (Calluna vulgaris). Ling honey, a sort of wild honey, made from the flowers of the heather. Holland.

LINGA; LINGAM Lin"ga, Lin"gam, n. Etym: [Skr. linga.]

Defn: The phallic symbol under which Siva is principally worshiped in his character of the creative and reproductive power. Whitworth. E. Arnold.

LING-BIRD Ling"-bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European meadow pipit; — called also titling.

LINGEL Lin"gel, n. Etym: [F. ligneul, dim. of L. linea a linen thread.]

1. A shoemaker's thread. [Obs.]

2. A little tongue or thong of leather; a lacing for belts. Crabb.

LINGENCE Lin"gence, n. Etym: [L. lingere to lick.]

Defn: A linctus. [Obs.] Fuller.

LINGER Lin"ger, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lingered; p. pr. & vb. n. Lingering.] Etym: [OE. lengen to tarry, AS. lengan to prolong, put off, fr. lang long. Long, a.]

Defn: To delay; to loiter; to remain or wait long; to be slow or reluctant in parting or moving; to be slow in deciding; to be in suspense; to hesitate. Nor cast one longing, lingering look behind. Gray. Perhaps thou linger'st, in deep thoughts detained. Milton.

Syn. — To loiter; lag; saunter; delay; tarry; stop; hesitate.

LINGER Lin"ger, v. t.

1. To protract; to draw out. [Obs.] She lingers my desires. Shak.

2. To spend or pass in lingering manner; — with out; as, to linger out one's days on a sick bed. Dryden.

LINGERER Lin"ger*er, n.

Defn: One who lingers. Guardian.

LINGERIE Lin`ge*rie, n. [F.]

Defn: Linen goods collectively; linen underwear, esp. of women; the clothing of linen and cotton with its lace, etc., worn by a women.

LINGERING Lin"ger*ing, a.

1. Delaying.

2. Drawn out in time; remaining long; protracted; as, a lingering disease. To die is the fate of man; but to die with lingering anguish is generally his folly. Rambler.

LINGERINGLY Lin"ger*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With delay; slowly; tediously.

LINGET Lin"get, n. Etym: [F. lingot, perh. fr. L. lingua tongue (see Tongue). Cf. Ingot.]

Defn: An ingot. [Written also lingot.]

LINGISM Ling"ism, n.

Defn: A mode of treating certain diseases, as obesity, by gymnastics; — proposed by Pehr Henrik Ling, a Swede. See Kinesiatrics.

LINGLE Lin"gle, n.

Defn: See Lingel.

LINGO Lin"go, n. Etym: [L. lingua tongue, language. See Lingual.]

Defn: Language; speech; dialect. [Slang]

LINGOA WOOD Lin*go"a wood`

Defn: . Amboyna wood.

LINGOT Lin"got, n.

Defn: A linget or ingot; also, a mold for casting metals. See Linget.

LINGUA Lin"gua, n.; pl. Linguæ. Etym: [L., the tongue.] (Zoöl.) (a) A tongue. (b) A median process of the labium, at the under side of the mouth in insects, and serving as a tongue.

LINGUACIOUS Lin*gua"cious, a. Etym: [L. linguax, -acis, loquacious, fr. lingua tongue.]

Defn: Given to the use of the tongue; loquacious. [Obs.]

LINGUADENTAL Lin`gua*den"tal, a. Etym: [L. lingua tongue + E. dental.] (Phonetics)

Defn: Formed or uttered by the joint use of the tongue and teeth, or rather that part of the gum just above the front teeth; dentolingual, as the letters d and t.

LINGUADENTAL Lin`gua*den"tal, n. (Phonetics)

Defn: An articulation pronounced by the aid or use of the tongue and teeth.

LINGUA FRANCA Lin"gua Fran"ca. Etym: [It., prop., language of the Franks.]

Defn: The commercial language of the Levant, — a mixture of the language of the people of the region and foreign traders.

LINGUAL Lin"gual, a. Etym: [L. lingua tongue: cf. F. lingual. See Tongue, and cf. Language.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the tongue; uttered by the aid of the tongue; glossal; as, the lingual nerves; a lingual letter. Lingual ribbon. (Zoöl.) See Odontophore.

LINGUAL Lin"gual, n.

Defn: A consonant sound formed by the aid of the tongue; — a term especially applied to certain articulations (as those of t, d, th, and n) and to the letters denoting them.

Note: In Sanskrit grammar certain letters, as t, th, d, dh, n, are called linguals, cerebrals, or cacuminals. They are uttered with the tip of the tongue turned up and drawn back into the dome of the palate.

LINGUALITY Lin*gual"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being lingual.

LINGUATULIDA Lin`gua*tu"li*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. lingua tongue.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Linguatulina.

LINGUATULINA Lin*guat`*u*li"na, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. lingua tongue.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of wormlike, degraded, parasitic arachnids. They have two pairs of retractile hooks, near the mouth. Called also Pentastomida.

Note: The adults of some species inhabit the nostrils and nasal sinuses of dogs and other carnivores. The young, after being swallowed by sheep, rabbits, etc., find their way to the lungs and liver and become encysted. These, when eaten by carnivores, develop into the adult forms.

LINGUIDENTAL Lin`gui*den"tal, a. & n.

Defn: Linguadental.

LINGUIFORM Lin"gui*form, a. Etym: [L. lingua tongue + -form: cf. F. linguiforme.]

Defn: Having the form of the tongue; tongue-shaped.

LINGUIST Lin"guist, n. Etym: [L. lingua tongue, speech, language: cf. F. linguiste.]

1. A master of the use of language; a talker. [Obs.] I'll dispute with him; He's a rare linguist. J. Webster.

2. A person skilled in languages. There too were Gibbon, the greatest historian, and Jones, the greatest linguist, of the age. Macaulay.

LINGUISTIC; LINGUISTICAL Lin*guis"tic, Lin*guis"tic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. linguistique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to language; relating to linguistics, or to the affinities of languages.

LINGUISTICALLY Lin*guis"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a linguistic manner; from the point of view of a linguist. Tylor.

LINGUISTICS Lin*guis"tics, n. Etym: [Cf. F. linguistique.]

Defn: The science of languages, or of the origin, signification, and application of words; glossology.

LINGULA Lin"gu*la, n.; pl. -læ. Etym: [L., a little tongue.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A tonguelike process or part.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of brachiopod shells belonging to the genus Lingula, and related genera. See Brachiopoda, and Illustration in Appendix. Lingula flags (Geol.), a group of strata in the lower Silurian or Cambrian system of Wales, in which some of the layers contain vast numbers of a species of Lingula.

LINGULATE Lin"gu*late, a. Etym: [L. lingulatus, fr. lingula a little tongue. Cf. Ligulate.]

Defn: Shaped like the tongue or a strap; ligulate.

LINIGEROUS Li*nig"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. linum flax + -gerous.]

Defn: Bearing flax; producing linen.

LINIMENT Lin"i*ment, n. Etym: [L. linimentum, fr. linire, linere, to besmear, anoint : cf. F. liniment. Cf. Letter, Lime a viscous substance.]

Defn: A liquid or semiliquid preparation of a consistence thinner than an ointment, applied to the skin by friction, esp. one used as a sedative or a stimulant.

LINING Lin"ing, n. Etym: [See Line to cover the in side.]

1. The act of one who lines; the act or process of making lines, or of inserting a lining.

2. That which covers the inner surface of anything, as of a garment or a box; also, the contents of anything. The lining of his coffers shall make coats To deck our soldiers. Shak.

LINK Link, n. Etym: [Prob. corrupted from lint and this for lunt a torch, match, D. lont match; akin to G. lunte, cf. MHG. lünden to burn. Cf. Lunt, Linstock.]

Defn: A torch made of tow and pitch, or the like. Shak.

LINK Link, n. Etym: [OE. linke, AS. hlence; akin to Sw. länk ring of a chain, Dan. lænke chain, Icel. hlekkr; cf. G. gelenk joint, link, ring of a chain, lenken to bend.]

1. A single ring or division of a chain.

2. Hence: Anything, whether material or not, which binds together, or connects, separate things; a part of a connected series; a tie; a bond. "Links of iron." Shak.

The link of brotherhood, by which One common Maker bound me to the kind. Cowper. And so by double links enchained themselves in lover's life. Gascoigne.

3. Anything doubled and closed like a link; as, a link of horsehair. Mortimer.

4. (Kinematics)

Defn: Any one of the several elementary pieces of a mechanism, as the fixed frame, or a rod, wheel, mass of confined liquid, etc., by which relative motion of other parts is produced and constrained.

5. (Mach.)

Defn: Any intermediate rod or piece for transmitting force or motion, especially a short connecting rod with a bearing at each end; specifically (Steam Engine), the slotted bar, or connecting piece, to the opposite ends of which the eccentric rods are jointed, and by means of which the movement of the valve is varied, in a link motion.

6. (Surveying)

Defn: The length of one joint of Gunter's chain, being the hundredth part of it, or 7.92 inches, the chain being 66 feet in length. Cf. Chain, n., 4.

7. (Chem.)

Defn: A bond of affinity, or a unit of valence between atoms; — applied to a unit of chemical force or attraction.

8. pl.

Defn: Sausages; — because linked together. [Colloq.]

LINK Link, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Linked; p. pr. & vb. n. Linking.]

Defn: To connect or unite with a link or as with a link; to join; to attach; to unite; to couple. All the tribes and nations that composed it [the Roman Empire] were linked together, not only by the same laws and the same government, but by all the facilities of commodious intercourse, and of frequent communication. Eustace.

LINK Link, v. i.

Defn: To be connected. No one generation could link with the other. Burke.

LINKAGE Link"age, n.

1. The act of linking; the state of being linked; also, a system of links.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: Manner of linking or of being linked; — said of the union of atoms or radicals in the molecule.

3. (Geom.)

Defn: A system of straight lines or bars, fastened together by joins, and having certain of their points fixed in a plane. It is used to describe straight lines and curves in the plane.

LINKBOY; LINKMAN Link"boy`, Link"man, n. Etym: [See 1st Link.]

Defn: A boy or man that carried a link or torch to light passengers.

LINK MOTION Link" mo"tion. (Steam Engine)

Defn: A valve gear, consisting of two eccentrics with their rods, giving motion to a slide valve by an adjustable connecting bar, called the link, in such a way that the motion of the engine can be reversed, or the cut-off varied, at will; — used very generally in locomotives and marine engines.

Note: The illustration shows a link motion for a vertical engine, c representing the shaft carrying two eccentrics, a and b, for making the engine run forward and backward, respectively, their rods e and d being jointed to opposite ends of the slotted link f, in the opening of which is a pin g which is attached to the valve rod h. The valve will receive the motion of the forward eccentric when is in the position shown, and the motion of the backward eccentric when the link is shifted so far to the right as to bring e in line with h, or a compound motion derived from both eccentrics when the link is shifted to intermediate positions, the compound motion causing the valve to cut off the steam at a point determined by the position to which the link may have been shifted.

LINKS Links, n. [The pl. form of Link, but often construed as a sing.]

Defn: A tract of ground laid out for the game of golf; a golfing green.

A second links has recently been opened at Prestwick, and another at Troon, on the same coast. P. P. Alexander.

LINKWORK Link"work`, n.

1. A fabric consisting of links made of metal or other material fastened together; also, a chain. And thou shalt make hooks of gold, and two chains of fine gold; linkwork and wreathed. Udall.

2. Mechanism in which links, or intermediate connecting pieces, are employed to transmit motion from one part to another.

LINNAEA BOREALIS Lin*næ"a bo`re*a"lis. Etym: [NL.Linnaeus Linnæan + L. borealis northern.] (Bot.)

Defn: The twin flower which grows in cold northern climates.

LINNAEAN; LINNEAN Lin*næ"an, Lin*ne"an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Linnæus, the celebrated Swedish botanist. Linnaean system (Bot.), the system in which the classes are founded mainly upon the stamens, and the orders upon the pistils; the artificial or sexual system.

LINNAEITE Lin*næ"ite, n. Etym: [See Linnæan.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of pale steel-gray color and metallic luster, occurring in isometric crystals, and also massive. It is a sulphide of cobalt containing some nickel or copper.

LINNE Linne, n.

Defn: Flax. See Linen. [Obs.]

LINNET Lin"net, n. Etym: [F. linot, linotte, from L. linum flax; or perh. shortened from AS.linetwige, fr. AS. lin flax; — so called because it feeds on the seeds of flax and hemp. See Linen.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of fringilline birds of the genera Linota, Acanthis, and allied genera, esp. the common European species (L. cannabina), which, in full summer plumage, is chestnut brown above, with the breast more or less crimson. The feathers of its head are grayish brown, tipped with crimson. Called also gray linnet, red linnet, rose linnet, brown linnet, lintie, lintwhite, gorse thatcher, linnet finch, and greater redpoll. The American redpoll linnet (Acanthis linaria) often has the crown and throat rosy. See Redpoll, and Twite. Green linnet (Zoöl.), the European green finch.

LINOLEATE Li*no"le*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of linoleic acid.

LINOLEIC Li*no"le*ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, linoleum, or linseed oil; specifically (Chem.), designating an organic acid, a thin yellow oil, found combined as a salt of glycerin in oils of linseed, poppy, hemp, and certain nuts.

LINOLEUM Li*no"le*um, n. Etym: [L. linum flax + oleum oil.]

1. Linseed oil brought to various degrees of hardness by some oxidizing process, as by exposure to heated air, or by treatment with chloride of sulphur. In this condition it is used for many of the purposes to which India rubber has been applied.

2. A kind of floor cloth made by laying hardened linseed oil mixed with ground cork on a canvas backing.

LINOTYPE Lin"o*type, n. [See Line ; Type.] (Print.) (a) A kind of typesetting machine which produces castings, each of which corresponds to a line of separate types. By pressing upon keys like those of a typewriter the matrices for one line are properly arranged; the stereotype, or slug, is then cast and planed, and the matrices are returned to their proper places, the whole process being automatic. (b) The slug produced by the machine, or matter composed in such lines. —Lin"o*typ`ist (#), n.

LINOXIN Li*nox"in, n. Etym: [Linoleic + oxygen.] (Chem.)

Defn: A resinous substance obtained as an oxidation product of linoleic acid. [Written also linoxyn.]

LINSANG Lin*sang", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any viverrine mammal of the genus Prionodon, inhabiting the East Indies and Southern Asia. The common East Indian linsang (P. gracilis) is white, crossed by broad, black bands. The Guinea linsang (Porana Richardsonii) is brown with black spots.

LINSEED Lin"seed`, n. Etym: [OE. lin flax + seed. See Linen.] (Bot.)

Defn: The seeds of flax, from which linseed oil is obtained. [Written also lintseed.] Linseed cake, the solid mass or cake which remains when oil is expressed. — Linseed meal, linseed cake reduced to powder. — Linseed oil, oil obtained by pressure from flaxseed.

LINSEY Lin"sey, n. Etym: [See Linen.]

Defn: Linsey-woolsey.

LINSEY-WOOLSEY Lin"sey-wool"sey, n.

1. Cloth made of linen and wool, mixed.

2. Jargon. [Obs.] Shak.

LINSEY-WOOLSEY Lin"sey-wool"sey, a.

Defn: Made of linen and wool; hence, of different and unsuitable parts; mean. Johnson.

LINSTOCK Lin"stock, n. Etym: [Corrupt. fr. luntstock, D. lonistok; lont lunt + stok stock, stick. See Link a torch, Lunt, and Stock.]

Defn: A pointed forked staff, shod with iron at the foot, to hold a lighted match for firing cannon. [Written also lintstock.]

LINT Lint, n. Etym: [AS. linet flax, hemp, fr. lin flax; or, perh. borrowed fr. L. linteum a linen cloth, linen, from linteus linen, a., fr. lineum flax, lint. See Linen.]

1. Flax.

2. Linen scraped or otherwise made into a soft, downy or fleecy substance for dressing wounds and sores; also, fine ravelings, down, fluff, or loose short fibers from yarn or fabrics. Lint doctor (Calico-printing Mach.), a scraper to remove lint from a printing cylinder.

LINTEL Lin"tel, n. Etym: [OE. lintel, F. linteau, LL. lintellus, for limitellus, a dim. fr. L. limes limit. See Limit.] (Arch.)

Defn: A horizontal member spanning an opening, and carrying the superincumbent weight by means of its strength in resisting crosswise fracture.

LINTIE; LINTWHITE Lin"tie, Lint"white`, n. Etym: [AS. linetwige. See Linnet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Linnet. Tennyson.

LINTSEED Lint"seed`, n.

Defn: See Linseed.

LINUM Li"num, n. Etym: [L., flax.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of herbaceous plants including the flax (Linum usitatissimum).

LION Li"on, n. Etym: [F. lion, L. leo, -onis, akin to Gr. Chameleon, Dandelion, Leopard.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large carnivorous feline mammal (Felis leo), found in Southern Asia and in most parts of Africa, distinct varieties occurring in the different countries. The adult male, in most varieties, has a thick mane of long shaggy hair that adds to his apparent size, which is less than that of the largest tigers. The length, however, is sometimes eleven feet to the base of the tail. The color is a tawny yellow or yellowish brown; the mane is darker, and the terminal tuft of the tail is black. In one variety, called the maneless lion, the male has only a slight mane.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: A sign and a constellation; Leo.

3. An object of interest and curiosity, especially a person who is so regarded; as, he was quite a lion in London at that time. Such society was far more enjoyable than that of Edinburgh, for here he was not a lion, but a man. Prof. Wilson. American lion (Zoöl.), the puma or cougar. — Lion ant (Zoöl.), the ant-lion. — Lion dog (Zoöl.), a fancy dog with a flowing mane, usually clipped to resemble a lion's mane. — Lion lizard (Zoöl.), the basilisk. — Lion's share, all, or nearly all; the best or largest part; — from Æsop's fable of the lion hunting in company with certain smaller beasts, and appropriating to himself all the prey.

LIONCED Li"onced, a. (Her.)

Defn: Adorned with lions heads; having arms terminating in lions' heads; — said of a cross. [Written also leonced.]

LIONCEL Li"on*cel, n. Etym: [OE., F. lionceau, dim. of lion.] (Her.)

Defn: A small lion, especially one of several borne in the same coat of arms.

LIONEL Li"on*el, n. Etym: [OF., dim. of lion.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The whelp of a lioness; a young lion.

LIONESS Li"on*ess, n. Etym: [OF. lionesse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A female lion.

LIONET Li"on*et, n. Etym: [OF., dim. of lion.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young or small lion.

LION-HEART Li"on-heart`, n.

Defn: A very brave person.

LION-HEARTED Li"on-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Very brave; brave and magnanimous. Sir W. Scott.

LIONHOOD Li"on*hood, n.

Defn: State of being a lion. Carlyle.

LIONISM Li"on*ism, n.

Defn: An attracting of attention, as a lion; also, the treating or regarding as a lion.

LIONIZE Li"on*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lionized, p. pr. & vb. n. Lionizing (.]

1. To treat or regard as a lion or object of great interest. J. D. Forbes.

2. To show the lions or objects of interest to; to conduct about among objects of interest. Macaulay.

LIONLIKE Li"on*like`, a.

Defn: Like a lion; brave as a lion.

LIONLY Li"on*ly, a.

Defn: Like a lion; fierce. [Obs.] Milton.

LION'S EAR Li"on's ear`. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given in Western South America to certain plants with shaggy tomentose leaves, as species of Culcitium, and Espeletia.

LION'S FOOT Li"on's foot`. (Bot.) (a) A composite plant of the genus Prenanthes, of which several species are found in the United States. (b) The edelweiss.

LIONSHIP Li"on*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a lion.

LION'S LEAF Li"on's leaf`. (Bot.)

Defn: A South European plant of the genus Leontice (L. leontopetalum), the tuberous roots of which contain so much alkali that they are sometimes used as a substitute for soap.

LION'S TAIL Li"on's tail`. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of labiate plants (Leonurus); — so called from a fancied resemblance of its flower spikes to the tuft of a lion's tail. L. Cardiaca is the common motherwort.

LION'S TOOTH Li"on's tooth`; pl. Lions' teeth (. (Bot.)

Defn: See Leontodon.

LIP Lip, n. Etym: [OE. lippe, AS. lippa; akin to D. lip, G. lippe, lefze, OHG. lefs, Dan. læbe, Sw. läpp, L. labium, labrum. Cf. Labial.]

1. One of the two fleshy folds which surround the orifice of the mouth in man and many other animals. In man the lips are organs of speech essential to certain articulations. Hence, by a figure they denote the mouth, or all the organs of speech, and sometimes speech itself. Thine own lips testify against thee. Jeb xv. 6.

2. An edge of an opening; a thin projecting part of anything; a kind of short open spout; as, the lip of a vessel.

3. The sharp cutting edge on the end of an auger.

4. (Bot.) (a) One of the two opposite divisions of a labiate corolla. (b) The odd and peculiar petal in the Orchis family. See Orchidaceous.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the edges of the aperture of a univalve shell. Lip bit, a pod auger. See Auger. — Lip comfort, comfort that is given with words only. — Lip comforter, one who comforts with words only. — Lip labor, unfelt or insincere speech; hypocrisy. Bale. — Lip reading, the catching of the words or meaning of one speaking by watching the motion of his lips without hearing his voice. Carpenter. — Lip salve, a salve for sore lips. — Lip service, expression by the lips of obedience and devotion without the performance of acts suitable to such sentiments. — Lip wisdom, wise talk without practice, or unsupported by experience. — Lip work. (a) Talk. (b) Kissing. [Humorous] B. Jonson. — Lip make a lip, to drop the under lip in sullenness or contempt. Shak. — To shoot out the lip (Script.), to show contempt by protruding the lip.

LIP Lip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Lipping.]

1. To touch with the lips; to put the lips to; hence, to kiss. The bubble on the wine which breaks Before you lip the glass. Praed. A hand that kings Have lipped and trembled kissing. Shak.

2. To utter; to speak. [R.] Keats.

LIP Lip, v. t.

Defn: To clip; to trim. [Obs.] Holland.

LIPAEMIA Li*pæ"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A condition in which fat occurs in the blood.

LIPANS Li*pans", n. pl.; sing. Lipan (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of North American Inedians, inhabiting the northern part of Mexico. They belong to the Tinneh stock, and are closely related to the Apaches.

LIPARIAN Li*pa"ri*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of a family (Liparidæ) of destructive bombycid moths, as the tussock moths.

LIPARITE Lip"a*rite, n. Etym: [So called from Lipari, the island.] (Min.)

Defn: A quartzose trachyte; rhyolite.

LIPIC Lip"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, fat. The word was formerly used specifically to designate a supposed acid obtained by the oxidation of oleic acid, tallow, wax, etc.

LIPINIC Li*pin"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Lipic.

LIPLESS Lip"less, a

Defn: , Having no lips.

LIPLET Lip"let, n.

Defn: A little lip.

LIPOCEPHALA Lip`o*ceph"a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Lamellibranchia.

LIPOCHRIN Lip"o*chrin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A yellow coloring matter, soluble in ether, contained in the small round fat drops in the retinal epithelium cells. It is best obtained from the eyes of frogs.

LIPOGRAM Lip"o*gram, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A writing composed of words not having a certain letters; — as in the Odyssey of Tryphiodorus there was no A in the first book, no B in the second, and so on.

LIPOGRAMMATIC Lip"o*gram*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. lipogrammatique.]

Defn: Omitting a letter; composed of words not having a certain letter or letters; as, lipogrammatic writings.

LIPOGRAMMATIST Lip`o*gram"ma*tist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. lipogrammatiste.]

Defn: One who makes a lipogram.

LIPOMA Li*po"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A tumor consisting of fat or adipose tissue. — Li*pom"a*tous, a.

LIPOTHYMIC Li`po*thym"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. ,

Defn: Tending to swoon; fainting. [Written also leipothymic.]

LIPOTHYMOUS Li*poth"y*mous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining, or given, to swooning; fainting.

LIPOTHYMY Li*poth"y*my, n. Etym: [Gr. lipothymie.]

Defn: A fainting; a swoon. Jer. Taylor.

LIPPED Lipped, a.

1. Having a lip or lips; having a raised or rounded edge resembling the lip; — often used in composition; as, thick-lipped, thin-lipped, etc.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Labiate.

LIPPITUDE Lip"pi*tude, n. Etym: [L. lippitudo, fr. lippus blear-eyed: cf. F. lippitude.]

Defn: Soreness of eyes; the state of being blear-eyes; blearedness.

LIPSE Lipse, v. i.

Defn: To lisp. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LIPYL Lip"yl, n. Etym: [Gr. -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hypothetical radical of glycerin. [Obs.] Berzelius.

LIQUABLE Liq"ua*ble, a. Etym: [l. liquabilis. See Liquate, v. i.]

Defn: Capable of being melted.

LIQUATE Li"quate, v. i. Etym: [L. liquatus, p. p. of liquare to melt.]

Defn: To melt; to become liquid. [Obs.] Woodward.

LIQUATE Li"quate, v. t. (Metal.)

Defn: To separate by fusion, as a more fusible from a less fusible material.

LIQUATION Li*qua"tion, n. Etym: [L. liquatio: cf. F. liquation.]

1. The act or operation of making or becoming liquid; also, the capacity of becoming liquid.

2. (Metal.)

Defn: The process of separating, by heat, an easily fusible metal from one less fusible; eliquation.

LIQUEFACIENT Liq`ue*fa"cient, n. Etym: [L. liquefaciens, p. pr. of liquefacere. See Liquefy.]

1. That which serves to liquefy.

2. (Med.)

Defn: An agent, as mercury, iodine, etc., which promotes the liquefying processes of the system, and increases the secretions.

LIQUEFACTION Liq`ue*fac"tion, n. Etym: [L. liquefactio: cf. F. liquéfaction. See Liquefy.]

1. The act or operation of making or becoming liquid; especially, the conversion of a solid into a liquid by the sole agency of heat.

2. The state of being liquid.

3. (Chem. Physics)

Defn: The act, process, or method, of reducing a gas or vapor to a liquid by cold or pressure; as, the liquefaction of oxygen or hydrogen.

LIQUEFIABLE Liq"ue*fi`a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. liquéfiable. See Liquefy.]

Defn: Capable of being changed from a solid to a liquid state.

LIQUEFIER Liq"ue*fi`er, n.

Defn: That which liquefies.

LIQUEFY Liq"ue*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquefied; p. pr. & vb. n. Liquefying.] Etym: [F. liquéfier, L. liquere to be liquid + facere, - ficare (in comp.), to make. See Liquid, and -fy.]

Defn: To convert from a solid form to that of a liquid; to melt; to dissolve; and technically, to melt by the sole agency of heat.

LIQUEFY Liq"ue*fy, v. i.

Defn: To become liquid.

LIQUESCENCY Li*ques"cen*cy, n. Etym: [See Liquescent.]

Defn: The quality or state of being liquescent. Johnson.

LIQUESCENT Li*ques"cent, a. Etym: [L. liquescens, p. pr. of liquescere to become liquid, incho. fr. liquere to be liquid.]

Defn: Tending to become liquid; inclined to melt to melt; melting.

LIQUEUR Li`queur", n. Etym: [F. See Liquor.]

Defn: An aromatic alcoholic cordial.

Note: Some liqueurs are prepared by infusing certain woods, fruits, or flowers, in either water or alcohol, and adding sugar, etc. Others are distilled from aromatic or flavoring agents.

LIQUID Liq"uid, a. Etym: [L. liquidus, fr. liquere to be fluid or liquid; cf. Skr. ri to ooze, drop, li to melt.]

1. Flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid. Yes, though he go upon the plane and liquid water which will receive no step. Tyndale.

2. (Physics)

Defn: Being in such a state that the component parts move among themselves, but do not tend to separate from each other as the particles of gases and vapors do; neither solid nor aëriform; as, liquid mercury, in distinction from mercury solidified or in a state of vapor.

3. Flowing or sounding smoothly or without abrupt transitions or harsh tones. "Liquid melody." Crashaw.

4. Pronounced without any jar or harshness; smooth; as, l and r are liquid letters.

5. Fluid and transparent; as, the liquid air.

6. Clear; definite in terms or amount.[Obs.] "Though the debt should be entirely liquid." Ayliffe. Liquid glass. See Soluble glass, under Glass.

LIQUID Liq"uid, n.

1. A substance whose parts change their relative position on the slightest pressure, and therefore retain no definite form; any substance in the state of liquidity; a fluid that is not aëriform.

Note: Liquid and fluid are terms often used synonymously, but fluid has the broader signification. All liquids are fluids, but many fluids, as air and the gases, are not liquids.

2. (Phon.)

Defn: A letter which has a smooth, flowing sound, or which flows smoothly after a mute; as, l and r, in bla, bra. M and n also are called liquids. Liquid measure, a measure, or system of measuring, for liquids, by the gallon, quart, pint, gill, etc.

LIQUID AIR Liq"uid air. (Physics)

Defn: A transparent limpid liquid, slightly blue in color, consisting of a mixture of liquefied oxygen and nitrogen. It is prepared by subjecting air to great pressure and then cooling it by its own expansion to a temperature below the boiling point of its constituents (N -194º C; O -183º C.).

LIQUIDAMBAR Liq"uid*am`bar, n. Etym: [Liquid + amber.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus consisting of two species of tall trees having star- shaped leaves, and woody burlike fruit. Liquidambar styraciflua is the North American sweet qum, and L. Orientalis is found in Asia Minor.

2. The balsamic juice which is obtained from these trees by incision. The liquid balsam of the Oriental tree is liquid storax.

LIQUIDAMBER Liq"uid*am`ber, n.

Defn: See Liquidambar.

LIQUIDATE Liq"ui*date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquidated; p. pr. & vb. n. Liquidating.] Etym: [LL. liquidatus, p. p. of liquidate to liquidate, fr. L. liquidus liquid, clear. See Liquid.]

1. (Law)

Defn: To determine by agreement or by litigation the precise amount of (indebtedness); or, where there is an indebtedness to more than one person, to determine the precise amount of (each indebtedness); to make the amount of (an indebtedness); clear and certain. A debt or demand is liquidated whenever the amount due is agreed on by the parties, or fixed by the operation of law. 15 Ga. Rep. 821. If our epistolary accounts were fairly liquidated, I believe you would be brought in considerable debtor. Chesterfield.

2. In an extended sense: To ascertain the amount, or the several amounts, of , and apply assets toward the discharge of (an indebtedness). Abbott.

3. To discharge; to pay off, as an indebtedness. Friburg was ceded to Zurich by Sigismund to liquidate a debt of a thousand florins. W. Coxe.

4. To make clear and intelligible. Time only can liquidate the meaning of all parts of a compound system. A. Hamilton.

5. To make liquid. [Obs.] Liquidated damages (Law), damages the amount of which is fixed or ascertained. Abbott.

LIQUIDATION Liq`ui*da"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. liquidation.]

Defn: The act or process of liquidating; the state of being liquidated. To go into liquidation (Law), to turn over to a trustee one's assets and accounts, in order that the several amounts of one's indebtedness be authoritatively ascertained, and that the assets may be applied toward their discharge.

LIQUIDATOR Liq"ui*da`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. liquidateur.]

1. One who, or that which, liquidates.

2. An officer appointed to conduct the winding up of a company, to bring and defend actions and suits in its name, and to do all necessary acts on behalf of the company. [Eng.] Mozley & W.

LIQUIDITY Li*quid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. liquiditas, fr. liquidus liquid: cf. F. liquidité.]

Defn: The state or quality of being liquid.

LIQUIDIZE Liq"uid*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquidized; p. pr. & vb. n. Liquidizing.]

Defn: To render liquid.

LIQUIDLY Liq"uid*ly, adv.

Defn: In a liquid manner; flowingly.

LIQUIDNESS Liq"uid*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being liquid; liquidity; fluency.

LIQUOR Liq"uor, n. Etym: [OE. licour, licur, OF. licur, F. liqueur, fr. L. liquor, fr. liquere to be liquid. See Liquid, and cf. Liqueur.]

1. Any liquid substance, as water, milk, blood, sap, juice, or the like.

2. Specifically, alcoholic or spirituous fluid, either distilled or fermented, as brandy, wine, whisky, beer, etc.

3. (Pharm.)

Defn: A solution of a medicinal substance in water; — distinguished from tincture and aqua.

Note: The U. S. Pharmacopoeia includes, in this class of preparations, all aqueous solutions without sugar, in which the substance acted on is wholly soluble in water, excluding those in which the dissolved matter is gaseous or very volatile, as in the aquæ or waters. U. S. Disp. Labarraque's liquor (Old Chem.), a solution of an alkaline hypochlorite, as sodium hypochlorite, used in bleaching and as a disinfectant. — Liquor of flints, or Liquor silicum (Old Chem.), soluble glass; - - so called because formerly made from powdered flints. See Soluble glass, under Glass. — Liquor of Libavius. (Old Chem.) See Fuming liquor of Libavius, under Fuming. — Liquor sanguinis (, (Physiol.), the blood plasma. — Liquor thief, a tube for taking samples of liquor from a cask through the bung hole. — To be in liquor, to be intoxicated.

LIQUOR Liq"uor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Liquored; p. pr. & vb. n. Liquoring.]

1. To supply with liquor. [R.]

2. To grease. [Obs.] Bacon. Liquor fishermen's boots. Shak.

LIQUORICE Liq"uor*ice, n.

Defn: See Licorice.

LIQUORISH Liq"uor*ish, a.

Defn: See Lickerish. [Obs.] Shak.

LIQUOROUS Liq"uor*ous, a.

Defn: Eagerly desirous. See Lickerish. [Obs.] Marston.

LIRA Li"ra, n. ; pl. Lire. Etym: [It., fr. L. libra the Roman pound. Cf. Livre.]

Defn: An Italian coin equivalent in value to the French franc.

LIRELLA Li*rel"la, n. Etym: [NL., dim. of L.lira a furrow.] (Bot.)

Defn: A linear apothecium furrowed along the middle; the fruit of certain lichens.

LIRELLIFORM Li*rel"li*form, a. Etym: [Lirella + -form.] (Bot.)

Defn: Like a lirella. [Written also lirellæform.]

LIRIODENDRON Lir`i*o*den"dron, n.; pl. Liriodendra. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of large and very beautiful trees of North America, having smooth, shining leaves, and handsome, tuliplike flowers; tulip tree; whitewood; — called also canoewood. Liriodendron tulipifera is the only extant species, but there were several others in the Cretaceous epoch.

LIRIPIPE Lir"i*pipe, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Liripoop.

LIRIPOOP Lir"i*poop, n. Etym: [OF. liripipion, liripion, LL. liripipium. Said to be corrupted from L. cleri ephippium, lit., the clergy's caparison.]

1. A pendent part of the old clerical tippet; afterwards, a tippet; a scarf; — worn also by doctors, learned men, etc. [Obs.]

2. Acuteness; smartness; also, a smart trick or stratagem.[Obs.] Stanihurst.

3. A silly person. [Obs.] A liripoop, vel lerripoop, a silly, empty creature; an old dotard. Milles. MS. Devon Gloss.

LIROCONITE Li*roc"o*nite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrated arseniate of copper, occurring in obtuse pyramidal crystals of a sky-blue or verdigris-green color.

LISBON Lis"bon, n.

Defn: A sweet, light-colored species of wine, produced in the province of Estremadura, and so called as being shipped from Lisbon, in Portugal.

LISLE Lisle, n.

Defn: A city of France celebrated for certain manufactures. Lisle glove, a fine summer glove, made of Lisle thread. — Lisle lace, a fine handmade lace, made at Lisle. — Lisle thread, a hard twisted cotton thread, originally produced at Lisle.

LISNE Lisne, n. Etym: [Prov. E. lissen, lisne, a cleft in a rock.]

Defn: A cavity or hollow.[Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

LISP Lisp, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lisped; p. pr. & vb. n. Lisping.] Etym: [OE. lispen, lipsen, AS. wlisp stammering, lisping; akin to D. & OHG. lispen to lisp, G. lispeln, Sw. läspa, Dan. lespe.]

1. To pronounce the sibilant letter s imperfectly; to give s and z the sound of th; — a defect common among children.

2. To speak with imperfect articulation; to mispronounce, as a child learning to talk. As yet a child, nor yet a fool to fame, I lisped in numbers came. Pope.

3. To speak hesitatingly with a low voice, as if afraid. Lest when my lisping, guilty tongue should halt. Drayton.

LISP Lisp, v. t.

1. To pronounce with a lisp.

2. To utter with imperfect articulation; to express with words pronounced imperfectly or indistinctly, as a child speaks; hence, to express by the use of simple, childlike language. To speak unto them after their own capacity, and to lispe words unto them according as the babes and children of that age might sound them again. Tyndale.

3. To speak with reserve or concealment; to utter timidly or confidentially; as, to lisp treason.

LISP Lisp, n.

Defn: The habit or act of lisping. See Lisp, v. i., 1. I overheard her answer, with a very pretty lisp, "O! Strephon, you are a dangerous creature." Tatler.

LISPER Lisp"er, n.

Defn: One who lisps.

LISPINGLY Lisp"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With a lisp; in a lisping manner.

LISS Liss, n. Etym: [AS. liss.]

Defn: Release; remission; ease; relief. [Obs.] "Of penance had a lisse." Chaucer.

LISS Liss, v. t. Etym: [AS. lissan.]

Defn: To free, as from care or pain; to relieve. [Obs.] "Lissed of his care." Chaucer.

LISSENCEPHALA Lis`sen*ceph"a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A general name for all those placental mammals that have a brain with few or no cerebral convolutions, as Rodentia, Insectivora, etc.

LISSOM; LISSOME Lis"som, Lis"some, a. Etym: [For lithesome.]

1. Limber; supple; flexible; lithe; lithesome. Straight, but as lissome as a hazel wand. Tennyson.

2. Light; nimble; active. Halliwell. — Lis"some*ness, n.

LIST List, n. Etym: [F. lice, LL. liciae, pl., from L. licium thread, girdle.]

Defn: A line inclosing or forming the extremity of a piece of ground, or field of combat; hence, in the plural (lists), the ground or field inclosed for a race or combat. Chaucer. In measured lists to toss the weighty lance. Pope. To enter the lists, to accept a challenge, or engage in contest.

LIST List, v. t.

Defn: To inclose for combat; as, to list a field.

LIST List, v. i. Etym: [See Listen.]

Defn: To hearken; to attend; to listen. [Obs. except in poetry.] Stand close, and list to him. Shak.

LIST List, v. t.

Defn: To listen or hearken to. Then weigh what loss your honor may sustain, If with too credent ear you list his songs. Shak.

LIST List, v. i. Etym: [OE. listen, lusten, AS. lystan, from lust pleasure. See Lust.]

1. To desire or choose; to please. The wind bloweth where it listeth. John iii. 8. Them that add to the Word of God what them listeth. Hooker. Let other men think of your devices as they list. Whitgift.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To lean; to incline; as, the ship lists to port.

LIST List, n.

1. Inclination; desire. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: An inclination to one side; as, the ship has a list to starboard.

LIST List, n. Etym: [AS. list a list of cloth; akin to D. lijst, G. leiste, OHG. lista,Icel. lista, listi, Sw. list, Dan. liste. In sense 5 from F. liste, of German origin, and thus ultimately the same word.]

1. A strip forming the woven border or selvedge of cloth, particularly of broadcloth, and serving to strengthen it; hence, a strip of cloth; a fillet. " Gartered with a red and blue list. "

Shak.

2. A limit or boundary; a border. The very list, the very utmost bound, Of all our fortunes. Shak.

3. The lobe of the ear; the ear itself. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. A stripe. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

5. A roll or catalogue, that is row or line; a record of names; as, a list of names, books, articles; a list of ratable estate. He was the ablest emperor of all the list. Bacon.

6. (Arch.)

Defn: A little square molding; a fillet; — called also listel.

7. (Carp.)

Defn: A narrow strip of wood, esp. sapwood, cut from the edge of a plank or board.

8. (Rope Making)

Defn: A piece of woolen cloth with which the yarns are grasped by a workman.

9. (Tin-plate Manuf.) (a) The first thin coat of tin. (b) A wirelike rim of tin left on an edge of the plate after it is coated. Civil list (Great Britain & U.S.), the civil officers of government, as judges, ambassadors, secretaries, etc. Hence, the revenues or appropriations of public money for the support of the civil officers. More recently, the civil list, in England, embraces only the expenses of the reigning monarch's household. Free list. (a) A list of articles admitted to a country free of duty. (b) A list of persons admitted to any entertainment, as a theater or opera, without payment, or to whom a periodical, or the like, is furnished without cost.

Syn. — Roll; catalogue; register; inventory; schedule. — List, Boll, Catalogue, Register, Inventory, Schedule. Alist is properly a simple series of names, etc., in a brief form, such as might naturally be entered in a narrow strip of paper. A roll was originally a list containing the names of persons belonging to a public body (as Parliament, etc.), which was rolled up and laid aside among its archives. A catalogue is a list of persons or things arranged in order, and usually containing some description of the same, more or less extended. A register is designed for record or preservation. An inventory is a list of articles, found on hand in a store of goods, or in the estate of a deceased person, or under similar circumstances. A schedule is a formal list or inventory prepared for legal or business purposes.

LIST List, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Listed; p. pr. & vb. n. Listing.] Etym: [From list a roll.]

1. To sew together, as strips of cloth, so as to make a show of colors, or form a border. Sir H. Wotton.

2. To cover with list, or with strips of cloth; to put list on; as, to list a door; to stripe as if with list. The tree that stood white-listed through the gloom. Tennyson.

3. To enroll; to place or register in a list. Listed among the upper serving men. Milton.

4. To engage, as a soldier; to enlist. I will list you for my soldier. Sir W. Scott.

5. (Carp.)

Defn: To cut away a narrow strip, as of sapwood, from the edge of; as, to list a board. To list a stock (Stock Exchange), to put it in the list of stocks called at the meeting of the board.

LIST List, v. i.

Defn: To engage in public service by enrolling one's name; to enlist.

LISTEL List"el, n. Etym: [F. listel, dim. of liste fillet, list. See List the edge.] (Arch.)

Defn: Same as List, n., 6.

LISTEN Lis"ten, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Listened; p. pr. & vb. n. Listening.] Etym: [OE. listnen, listen, lustnen, lusten, AS. hlystan; akin to hlyst hearing, OS. hlust, Icel. hlusta to listen, hlust ear, AS. hlosnian to wait in suspense, OHG. hlosen to listen, Gr. loud. sq. root41. See Loud, and cf. List to listen.]

1. To give close attention with the purpose of hearing; to give ear; to hearken; to attend. When we have occasion to listen, and give a more particular attention to same sound, the tympanum is drawn to a more than ordinary tension. Holder.

2. To give heed; to yield to advice; to follow admonition; to obey. Listen to me, and by me be ruled. Tennyson. To listen after, to take an interest in. [Obs.] Soldiers note forts, armories, and magazines; scholars listen after libraries, disputations, and professors. Fuller.

Syn. — To attend; hearken. See Attend.

LISTEN Lis"ten, v. t.

Defn: To attend to. [Obs.] Shak.

LISTENER Lis"ten*er, n.

Defn: One who listens; a hearkener.

LISTER List"er, n.

Defn: One who makes a list or roll.

LISTER Lis"ter, n.

Defn: Same as Leister.

LISTERIAN Lis*te"ri*an, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to listerism.

LISTERISM Lis"ter*ism, n. (Med.)

Defn: The systematic use of antiseptics in the performance of operations and the treatment of wounds; — so called from Joseph Lister, an English surgeon.

LISTERIZE Lis"ter*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. -ized; p. pr. & vb. n. -izing.] (Med.)

Defn: To make antiseptic.

LISTFUL List"ful, a.

Defn: Attentive [Obs.] Spenser.

LISTING List"ing, n.

1. The act or process of one who lists (in any sense of the verb); as, the listing of a door; the listing of a stock at the Stock Exchange.

2. The selvedge of cloth; list.

3. (Carp.)

Defn: The sapwood cut from the edge of a board.

4. (Agric.)

Defn: The throwing up of the soil into ridges, — a method adopted in the culture of beets and some garden crops. [Local, U. S.]

LISTLESS List"less, a. Etym: [OE. listles, lustles. See Lust.]

Defn: Having no desire or inclination; indifferent; heedless; spiritless. " A listless unconcern." Thomson. Benumbed with cold, and listless of their gain. Dryden. I was listless, and desponding. Swift.

Syn. — Heedless; careless; indifferent; vacant; uninterested; languid; spiritless; supine; indolent. — List"less*ly, adv. — List"less*ness, n.

LIT Lit

Defn: , a form of the imp. & p. p. of Light.

LITANY Lit"a*ny, n.; pl. Litanies. Etym: [OE. letanie, OF. letanie, F. litanie, L. litania, Gr.

Defn: A solemn form of supplication in the public worship of various churches, in which the clergy and congregation join, the former leading and the latter responding in alternate sentences. It is usually of a penitential character. Supplications . . . for the appeasing of God's wrath were of the Greek church termed litanies, and rogations of the Latin. Hooker.

LITARGE Lit"arge, n.

Defn: Litharge. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LITCHI Li"tchi`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The fruit of a tree native to China (Nephelium Litchi). It is nutlike, having a rough but tender shell, containing an aromatic pulp, and a single large seed. In the dried fruit which is exported the pulp somewhat resembles a raisin in color and form. [Written also lichi, and lychee.] — lite. See -lith.

LITE Lite, a., adv., & n.

Defn: Little. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LITER; LITRE Li"ter, Li"tre, n. Etym: [F. litre, Gr.

Defn: A measure of capacity in the metric system, being a cubic decimeter, equal to 61.022 cubic inches, or 2.113 American pints, or 1.76 English pints.

LITERACY Lit"er*a*cy, n.

Defn: State of being literate.

LITERAL Lit"er*al, a. Etym: [F. litéral, littéral, L. litteralis, literalis, fr. littera, litera, a letter. See Letter.]

1. According to the letter or verbal expression; real; not figurative or metaphorical; as, the literal meaning of a phrase. It hath but one simple literal sense whose light the owls can not abide. Tyndale .

2. Following the letter or exact words; not free. A middle course between the rigor of literal translations and the liberty of paraphrasts. Hooker.

3. Consisting of, or expressed by, letters. The literal notation of numbers was known to Europeans before the ciphers. Johnson.

4. Giving a strict or literal construction; unimaginative; matter-of fast; — applied to persons. Literal contract (Law), contract of which the whole evidence is given in writing. Bouvier. — Literal equation (Math.), an equation in which known quantities are expressed either wholly or in part by means of letters; — distinguished from a numerical equation.

LITERAL Lit"er*al, n.

Defn: Literal meaning. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

LITERALISM Lit"er*al*ism, n.

1. That which accords with the letter; a mode of interpreting literally; adherence to the letter.

2. (Fine Arts)

Defn: The tendency or disposition to represent objects faithfully, without abstraction, conventionalities, or idealization.

LITERALIST Lit"er*al*ist, n.

Defn: One who adheres to the letter or exact word; an interpreter according to the letter.

LITERALITY Lit`er*al"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. littéralité.]

Defn: The state or quality of being literal. Sir T. Browne.

LITERALIZATION Lit`er*al*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of literalizing; reduction to a literal meaning.

LITERALIZE Lit"er*al*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Literalized; p. pr. & vb. n. Literalizing.]

Defn: To make literal; to interpret or put in practice according to the strict meaning of the words; — opposed to spiritualize; as, to literalize Scripture.

LITERALIZER Lit"er*al*i`zer, n.

Defn: A literalist.

LITERALLY Lit"er*al*ly, adv.

1. According to the primary and natural import of words; not figuratively; as, a man and his wife can not be literally one flesh.

2. With close adherence to words; word by word. So wild and ungovernable a poet can not be translated literally. Dryden.

LITERALNESS Lit"er*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being literal; literal import.

LITERARY Lit"er*a*ry, a. Etym: [L. litterarius, literarius,fr. littera, litera, a letter: cf. F. littéraire. See Letter.]

1. Of or pertaining to letters or literature; pertaining to learning or learned men; as, literary fame; a literary history; literary conversation. He has long outlived his century, the term commonly fixed as the test of literary merit. Johnson.

2. Versed in, or acquainted with, literature; occupied with literature as a profession; connected with literature or with men of letters; as, a literary man. In the literary as well as fashionable world. Mason. Literary property. (a) Property which consists in written or printed compositions. (b) The exclusive right of publication as recognized and limited by law.

LITERATE Lit"er*ate, a. Etym: [L. litteratus, literatus. See Letter.]

Defn: Instructed in learning, science, or literature; learned; lettered. The literate now chose their emperor, as the military chose theirs. Landor.

LITERATE Lit"er*ate, n.

1. One educated, but not having taken a university degree; especially, such a person who is prepared to take holy orders. [Eng.]

2. A literary man.

LITERATI Lit`e*ra"ti, n. pl. Etym: [See Literatus.]

Defn: Learned or literary men. See Literatus. Shakespearean commentators, and other literati. Craik.

LITERATIM Lit`e*ra"tim, adv. Etym: [LL., fr. L.litera, litera, letter.]

Defn: Letter for letter.

LITERATION Lit`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. littera, litera, letter.]

Defn: The act or process of representing by letters.

LITERATOR Lit"er*a`tor, n. Etym: [L. litterator, literator. See Letter.]

1. One who teaches the letters or elements of knowledge; a petty schoolmaster. Burke.

2. A person devoted to the study of literary trifles, esp. trifles belonging to the literature of a former age. That class of subjects which are interesting to the regular literator or black-letter " bibliomane," simply because they have once been interesting. De Quincey.

3. A learned person; a literatus. Sir W. Hamilton.

LITERATURE Lit"er*a*ture, n. Etym: [F. littérature, L. litteratura, literatura, learning, grammar, writing, fr.littera, litera, letter. See Letter.]

1. Learning; acquaintance with letters or books.

2. The collective body of literary productions, embracing the entire results of knowledge and fancy preserved in writing; also, the whole body of literary productions or writings upon a given subject, or in reference to a particular science or branch of knowledge, or of a given country or period; as, the literature of Biblical criticism; the literature of chemistry.

3. The class of writings distinguished for beauty of style or expression, as poetry, essays, or history, in distinction from scientific treatises and works which contain positive knowledge; belles-lettres.

4. The occupation, profession, or business of doing literary work. Lamp.

Syn. — Science; learning; erudition; belles-lettres. See Science. — Literature, Learning, Erudition. Literature, in its widest sense, embraces all compositions in writing or print which preserve the results of observation, thought, or fancy; but those upon the positive sciences (mathematics, etc.) are usually excluded. It is often confined, however, to belles-lettres, or works of taste and sentiment, as poetry, eloquence, history, etc., excluding abstract discussions and mere erudition. A man of literature (in this narrowest sense) is one who is versed in belles-lettres; a man of learning excels in what is taught in the schools, and has a wide extent of knowledge, especially, in respect to the past; a man of erudition is one who is skilled in the more recondite branches of learned inquiry. The origin of all positive science and philosophy, as well as of all literature and art, in the forms in which they exist in civilized Europe, must be traced to the Greeks. Sir G. Lewis. Learning thy talent is, but mine is sense. Prior. Some gentlemen, abounding in their university erudition, fill their sermons with philosophical terms. Swift.

LITERATUS Lit`e*ra"tus, n.; pl. Literati. Etym: [L. litteratus, literatus.]

Defn: A learned man; a man acquainted with literature; — chiefly used in the plural. Now we are to consider that our bright ideal of a literatus may chance to be maimed. De Quincey.

-LITH; -LITE -lith, -lite.

Defn: Combining forms fr. Gr. li`qos a stone; — used chiefly in naming minerals and rocks.

LITH Lith, obs.

Defn: 3d pers. sing. pres. of Lie, to recline, for lieth. Chaucer.

LITH Lith, n. Etym: [AS. li.]

Defn: A joint or limb; a division; a member; a part formed by growth, and articulated to, or symmetrical with, other parts. Chaucer.

LITHAEMIA Li*thæ"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A condition in which uric (lithic) acid is present in the blood.

LITHAGOGUE Lith"a*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine having, or supposed to have, the power of expelling calculous matter with the urine. Hooper.

LITHARGE Lith"arge, n. Etym: [OE. litarge, F. litharge, L. lithargyrus, Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Lead monoxide; a yellowish red substance, obtained as an amorphous powder, or crystallized in fine scales, by heating lead moderately in a current of air or by calcining lead nitrate or carbonate. It is used in making flint glass, in glazing earthenware, in making red lead minium, etc. Called also massicot.

LITHARGYRUM Li*thar"gy*rum, n. Etym: [NL. See Litharge.] (Old Chem.)

Defn: Crystallized litharge, obtained by fusion in the form of fine yellow scales.

LITHATE Lith"ate, n. (Old Med. Chem.)

Defn: A salt of lithic or uric acid; a urate. [Obs.] [Written also lithiate.]

LITHE Lithe, v. i. & i. Etym: [Icel Listen.]

Defn: To listen or listen to; to hearken to. [Obs.] P. Plowman.

LITHE Lithe, a. Etym: [AS. lind, gelind, OHG. lindi, Icel. linr, L. lenis soft, mild, lentus flexible, and AS. linnan to yield. Cf. Lenient.]

1. Mild; calm; as, lithe weather. [Obs.]

2. Capable of being easily bent; pliant; flexible; limber; as, the elephant's lithe proboscis. Milton.

LITHE Lithe, v. t. Etym: [AS. Lithe, a.]

Defn: To smooth; to soften; to palliate. [Obs.]

LITHELY Lithe"ly, adv.

Defn: In a lithe, pliant, or flexible manner.

LITHENESS Lithe"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being lithe; flexibility; limberness.

LITHER Li"ther, a. Etym: [AS.

Defn: Bad; wicked; false; worthless; slothful. [Obs.] Chaucer. Not lither in business, fervent in spirit. Bp. Woolton.

Note: Professor Skeat thinks " the lither sky" as found in Shakespeare's Henry VI. ((Part I. IY. YII., 21) means the stagnant or pestilential sky. — Li"ther*ly, adv. [Obs.]. — Li"ther*ness, n. [Obs.]

LITHERLY Li"ther*ly, a.

Defn: Crafty; cunning; mischievous; wicked; treacherous; lazy.[Archaic] He [the dwarf] was waspish, arch, and litherly. Sir W. Scott.

LITHESOME Lithe"some, a. Etym: [See Lithe, a., and cf. Lissom.]

Defn: Pliant; limber; flexible; supple; nimble; lissom. — Lithe"some*ness, n.

LITHIA Lith"i*a, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: The oxide of lithium; a strong alkaline caustic similar to potash and soda, but weaker. See Lithium. Lithia emerald. See Hiddenite.

LITHIASIS Li*thi"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The formation of stony concretions or calculi in any part of the body, especially in the bladder and urinary passages. Dunglison.

LITHIC Lith"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. lithique.]

1. Of or pertaining to stone; as, lithic architecture.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to the formation of uric-acid concretions (stone) in the bladder and other parts of the body; as, lithic diathesis. LIthic acid (Old Med. Chem.), uric acid. See Uric acid, under Uric.

LITHIC Lith"ic, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine which tends to prevent stone in the bladder.

LITHIC Lith"ic, a. Etym: [From Lithium.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to or denoting lithium or some of its compounds. Frankland.

LITHIOPHILITE Lith`i*oph"i*lite, n. Etym: [Lithium + Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A phosphate of manganese and lithium; a variety of triphylite.

LITHIUM Lith"i*um, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A metallic element of the alkaline group, occurring in several minerals, as petalite, spodumene, lepidolite, triphylite, etc., and otherwise widely disseminated, though in small quantities.

Note: When isolated it is a soft, silver white metal, tarnishing and oxidizing very rapidly in the air. It is the lightest solid element known, specific gravity being 0.59. Symbol Li. Atomic weight 7.0 So called from having been discovered in a mineral.

LITHO Lith"o

Defn: A combining form from Gr. stone.

LITHOBILIC Lith`o*bil"ic, a. Etym: [Litho + bile.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to or designating an organic acid of the tartaric acid series, distinct from lithofellic acid, but, like it, obtained from certain bile products, as bezoar stones.

LITHOCARP Lith"o*carp, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. lithocarpe.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Fossil fruit; a fruit petrified; a carpolite.

LITHOCHROMATICS Lith`o*chro*mat"ics, n.

Defn: See Lithochromics.

LITHOCHROMICS Lith`o*chro"mics, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr.

Defn: The art of printing colored pictures on canvas from oil paintings on stone.

LITHOCLAST Lith"o*clast, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument for crushing stones in the bladder.

LITHOCYST Lith"o*cyst, n. Etym: [Litho- + cyst.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sac containing small, calcareous concretions (otoliths). They are found in many Medusæ, and other invertebrates, and are supposed to be auditory organs.

LITHODOME Lith"o*dome, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. lithodome.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of bivalves, which form holes in limestone, in which they live; esp., any species of the genus Lithodomus.

LITHODOMOUS Li*thod"o*mous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like, or pertaining to, Lithodomus; lithophagous.

LITHODOMUS Li*thod"o*mus, n. Etym: [NL. See Lithodome.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of elongated bivalve shells, allied to the mussels, and remarkable for their ability to bore holes for shelter, in solid limestone, shells, etc. Called also Lithophagus.

Note: These holes are at first very small and shallow, but are enlarged with the growth of the shell, sometimes becoming two or three inches deep and nearly an inch diameter.

LITHOFELLIC Lith"o*fel"lic, a. Etym: [Litho- + L. fel, fellis, gall.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a crystalline, organic acid, resembling cholic acid, found in the biliary intestinal concretions (bezoar stones) common in certain species of antelope.

LITHOFRACTEUR Lith`o*frac"teur, n. Etym: [F., fr. frangere, fractum, to break.]

Defn: An explosive compound of nitroglycerin. See Nitroglycerin.

LITHOGENESY Lith`o*gen"e*sy, n. Etym: [Litho- Gr. lithogénésie. See Genesis.]

Defn: The doctrine or science of the origin of the minerals composing the globe.

LITHOGENOUS Li*thog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Litho- + -genous.]

Defn: Stone-producing; — said of polyps which form coral.

LITHOGLYPH Lith"o*glyph, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An engraving on a gem.

LITHOGLYPHER Li*thog"ly*pher, n.

Defn: One who curs or engraves precious stones.

LITHOGLYPHIC Lith`o*glyph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the art of cutting and engraving precious stones.

LITHOGLYPTICS Lith`o*glyp"tics, n.

Defn: The art of cutting and engraving gems.

LITHOGRAPH Lith"o*graph, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lithographed; p. pr. & vb. n. Lithographing.] Etym: [Litho- + -graph: cf. F. lithographier.]

Defn: To trace on stone by the process of lithography so as to transfer the design to paper by printing; as, to lithograph a design; to lithograph a painting. See Lithography.

LITHOGRAPH Lith"o*graph, n.

Defn: A print made by lithography.

LITHOGRAPHER Li*thog"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One who lithographs; one who practices lithography.

LITHOGRAPHIC; LITHOGRAPHICAL Lith`o*graph"ic, Lith`o*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. lithographique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to lithography; made by lithography; as, the lithographic art; a lithographic picture. Lithographic limestone (Min.), a compact, fine-grained limestone, obtained largely from the Lias and Oölite, esp. of Bavaria, and extensively used in lithography. — Lith`o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

LITHOGRAPHY Li*thog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. lithographie.]

Defn: The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main, upon the antipathy between grease and water, which prevents a printing ink containing oil from adhering to wetted parts of the stone not covered by the design. See Lithographic limestone, under Lithographic.

LITHOID; LITHOIDAL Lith"oid Li*thoid"al, a. Etym: [Litho- + -oid: cf. F. lithoïde.]

Defn: Like a stone; having a stony structure.

LITHOLATRY Li*thol"a*try, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr.

Defn: The worship of a stone or stones.

LITHOLOGIC; LITHOLOGICAL Lith`o*log"ic, Lith`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. lithologique.]

1. (Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the character of a rock, as derived from the nature and mode of aggregation of its mineral contents.

2. Of or pertaining to lithology.

LITHOLOGICALLY Lith`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: From a lithological point of view; as, to consider a stratum lithologically.

LITHOLOGIST Li*thol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who is skilled in lithology.

LITHOLOGY Li*thol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Litho- + -logy: cf. F. lithologie.]

1. The science which treats of rocks, as regards their mineral constitution and classification, and their mode of occurrence in nature.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A treatise on stones found in the body.

LITHOMANCY Lith"o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Litho- + -mancy: cf. F. lithomancie.]

Defn: Divination by means of stones.

LITHOMARGE Lith"o*marge, n. Etym: [Litho- + L. marga marl.]

Defn: A clay of a fine smooth texture, and very sectile.

LITHONTHRIPTIC; LITHONTHRYPTIC Lith`on*thrip"tic, Lith`on*thryp"tic, a. & n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr.

Defn: Same as Lithontriptic.

LITHONTRIPTIC Lith`on*trip"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. lithontriptique.] (Med.)

Defn: Having the quality of, or used for, dissolving or destroying stone in the bladder or kidneys; as, lithontriptic forcéps. — n.

Defn: A lithontriptic remedy or agent, as distilled water.

LITHONTRIPTIST Lith"on*trip"tist, n.

Defn: Same as Lithotriptist.

LITHONTRIPTOR Lith"on*trip`tor, n. (Surg.)

Defn: See Lithotriptor.

LITHOPHAGOUS Li*thoph"a*gous, a. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) Eating or swallowing stones or gravel, as the ostrich. (b) Eating or destroying stone; — applied to various animals which make burrows in stone, as many bivalve mollusks, certain sponges, annelids, and sea urchins. See Lithodomus.

LITHOPHANE Lith`o*phane, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr.

Defn: Porcelain impressed with figures which are made distinct by transmitted light, — as when hung in a window, or used as a lamp shade.

LITHOPHOSPHOR Lith"o*phos`phor, n. Etym: [Litho- + phosphor.]

Defn: A stone that becomes phosphoric by heat.

LITHOPHOSPHORIC Lith`o*phos*phor"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to lithophosphor; becoming phosphoric by heat.

LITHOPHOTOGRAPHY Lith`o*pho*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Litho- + photography.]

Defn: Same as Photolithography.

LITHOPHYLL Lith"o*phyll, n. Etym: [Gr. lithophylle.]

Defn: A fossil leaf or impression of a leaf.

LITHOPHYSE Lith"o*physe, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A spherulitic cavity often with concentric chambers, observed in some volcanic rocks, as in rhyolitic lavas. It is supposed to be produced by expanding gas, whence the name.

LITHOPHYTE Lith"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. lithophyte.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A hard, or stony, plantlike organism, as the gorgonians, corals, and corallines, esp. those gorgonians having a calcareous axis. All the lithophytes except the corallines are animals.

LITHOPHYTIC Lith`o*phyt"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to lithophytes.

LITHOPHYTOUS Li*thoph"y*tous, a.

Defn: Lithophytic.

LITHOSIAN Li*tho"sian, n. Etym: [From NL. Lithosia, the typical genus, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of various species of moths belonging to the family Lithosidæ. Many of them are beautifully colored.

LITHOSPHERE Lith"o*sphere, n. [Litho- + sphere.] (Phys. Geog.) (a) The solid earth as distinguished from its fluid envelopes, the hydrosphere and atmosphere. (b) The outer part of the solid earth, the portion undergoing change through the gradual transfer of material by volcanic eruption, the circulation of underground water, and the process of erosion and deposition. It is, therefore, regarded as a third mobile envelope comparable with the hydrosphere and atmosphere.

LITHOTINT Lith"o*tint, n. Etym: [Litho- + tint.]

1. A kind of lithography by which the effect of a tinted drawing is produced, as if made with India ink.

2. A picture produced by this process.

LITHOTOME Lith"o*tome, n. Etym: [Gr. lithotome.]

1. A stone so formed by nature as to appear as if cut by art.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument used for cutting the bladder in operations for the stone.

LITHOTOMIC; LITHOTOMICAL Lith`o*tom"ic, Lith`o*tom"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. lithotomique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or performed by, lithotomy.

LITHOTOMIST Li*thot"o*mist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. lithotomiste.]

Defn: One who performs the operation of cutting for stone in the bladder, or one who is skilled in the operation.

LITHOTOMY Li*thot"o*my, n. Etym: [L. lithotomia, Gr. lithotomie.] (Surg.)

Defn: The operation, art, or practice of cutting for stone in the bladder.

LITHOTRIPSY Lith"o*trip`sy, n. Etym: [Litho- + Gr. lithotripsie.] (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of crushing a stone in the bladder with an instrument called lithotriptor or lithotrite; lithotrity.

LITHOTRIPTIC Lith`o*trip"tic, a. & n.

Defn: Same as Lithontriptic.

LITHOTRIPTIST Lith"o*trip`tist, n.

Defn: One skilled in breaking and extracting stone in the bladder.

LITHOTRIPTOR Lith"o*trip`tor, n. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder; a lithotrite.

LITHOTRITE; LITHOTRITOR Lith"o*trite, Lith"o*tri"tor,Etym: [See Lithotrity.] (Surg.)

Defn: A lithotriptor.

LITHOTRITIST Li*thot"ri*tist, n.

Defn: A lithotriptist.

LITHOTRITY Li*thot"ri*ty, n. Etym: [Litho- + L. terere, tritum, to rub, grind.] (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of breaking a stone in the bladder into small pieces capable of being voided.

LITHOTYPE Lith"o*type, n.

Defn: A kind of stereotype plate made by lithotypy; also, that which in printed from it. See Lithotypy.

LITHOTYPE Lith"o*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lithotyped; p. pr. & vb. n. Lithotyping.]

Defn: To prepare for printing with plates made by the process of lithotypy. See Lithotypy.

LITHOTYPIC Lith`o*typ"ic, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or produced by, lithotypy.

LITHOTYPY Li*thot"y*py, n. Etym: [Litho- + -typy.]

Defn: The art or process of making a kind of hard, stereotypeplate, by pressing into a mold, taken from a page of type or other matter, a composition of gum shell-lac and sand of a fine quality, together with a little tar and linseed oil, all in a heated state.

LITHOXYL Li*thox`yl, n. Etym: [Written also lithoxyle.] Etym: [Litho- + Gr. lithoxyle.]

Defn: Petrified wood. [Obs.]

LITHUANIAN Lith`u*a"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Lithuania (formerly a principality united with Poland, but now Russian and Prussian territory).

LITHUANIAN Lith`u*a"ni*an, n.

Defn: A native, or one of the people, of Lithuania; also, the language of the Lithuanian people.

LITHY Lith"y a. Etym: [See Lithe.]

Defn: Easily bent; pliable. Lithy tree (Bot.), a European shrub (Viburnum Lantana); — so named from its tough and flexible stem.

LITIGABLE Lit"i*ga*ble, a.

Defn: Such as can be litigated.

LITIGANT Lit"i*gant, a. Etym: [L. litigans, -antis, p. pr. of litigare: cf. F. litigant. See Litigate.]

Defn: Disposed to litigate; contending in law; engaged in a lawsuit; as, the parties litigant. Ayliffe.

LITIGANT Lit"i*gant, n.

Defn: A person engaged in a lawsuit.

LITIGATE Lit"i*gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Litigated; p. pr. & vb. n. Litigating.] Etym: [See Litigation.]

Defn: To make the subject of a lawsuit; to contest in law; to prosecute or defend by pleadings, exhibition of evidence, and judicial debate in a court; as, to litigate a cause.

LITIGATE Lit"i*gate, v. i.

Defn: To carry on a suit by judicial process.

LITIGATION Lit`i*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. litigatio, fr. litigare to dispute, litigate; lis, litis, dispute, lawsuit (OL. stlis) + agere to carry on. See Agent.]

Defn: The act or process of litigating; a suit at law; a judicial contest.

LITIGATOR Lit"i*ga`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who litigates.

LITIGIOUS Li*ti"gious, a. Etym: [L. litigiosus, fr. litigium dispute, quarrel, fr. litigare: cf. F. litigieux. See Litigation.]

1. Inclined to judicial contest; given to the practice of contending in law; guarrelsome; contentious; fond of litigation. " A pettifogging attorney or a litigious client." Macaulay. Soldiers find wars, and lawyers find out still Litigious men, who guarrels move. Donne.

2. Subject to contention; disputable; controvertible; debatable; doubtful; precarious. Shak. No fences, parted fields, nor marks, nor bounds, Distinguished acres of litigious grounds. Dryden.

3. Of or pertaining to legal disputes. Nor brothers cite to the litigious bar. Young.

LITIGIOUSLY Li*ti"gious*ly, adv.

Defn: In a litigious manner.

LITIGIOUSNESS Li*ti"gious*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being litigious; disposition to engage in or carry on lawsuits.

LITMUS Lit"mus, n. Etym: [D. lakmoes; lak lacker + moes a thick preparation of fruit, pap, prob. akin to E. meat: cf. G. lackmus. See Lac a resinous substance.] (Chem.)

Defn: A dyestuff extracted from certain lichens (Roccella tinctoria, Lecanora tartarea, etc.), as a blue amorphous mass which consists of a compound of the alkaline carbonates with certain coloring matters related to orcin and orcein.

Note: Litmus is used as a dye, and being turned red by acids and restored to its blue color by alkalies, is a common indicator or test for acidity and alkalinity. Litmus paper (Chem.), unsized paper saturated with blue or red litmus, — used in testing for acids or alkalies.

LITOTES Li"to*tes, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A diminution or softening of statement for the sake of avoiding censure or increasing the effect by contrast with the moderation shown in the form of expression; as, " a citizen of no mean city," that is, of an illustrious city.

LITRANETER Li*tran"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. li`tra + -meter. See Liter]

Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of liquids.

LITRE Li"tre, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Same as Liter.

LITTER Lit"ter, n. Etym: [F. litière, LL. lectaria, fr. L. lectus couch, bed. See Lie to be prostrated, and cf. Coverlet.]

1. A bed or stretcher so arranged that a person, esp. a sick or wounded person, may be easily carried in or upon it. There is a litter ready; lay him in 't. Shak.

2. Straw, hay, etc., scattered on a floor, as bedding for animals to rest on; also, a covering of straw for plants. To crouch in litter of your stable planks. Shak. Take off the litter from your kernel beds. Evelyn.

3. Things lying scattered about in a manner indicating slovenliness; scattered rubbish. Strephon, who found the room was void. Stole in, and took a strict survey Of all the litter as it lay. Swift.

4. Disorder or untidiness resulting from scattered rubbish, or from thongs lying about uncared for; as, a room in a state of litter.

5. The young brought forth at one time, by a sow or other multiparous animal, taken collectively. Also Fig. A wolf came to a sow, and very kindly offered to take care of her litter. D. Estrange. Reflect upon numerous litter of strange, senseless opinions that crawl about the world. South.

LITTER Lit"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Littered; p. pr. & vb. n. Littering.]

1. To supply with litter, as cattle; to cover with litter, as the floor of a stall. Tell them how they litter their jades. Bp. Hacke For his ease, well littered was the floor. Dryden.

2. To put into a confused or disordered condition; to strew with scattered articles; as, to litter a room. The room with volumes littered round. Swift.

3. To give birth to; to bear; — said of brutes, esp. those which produce more than one at a birth, and also of human beings, in abhorrence or contempt. We might conceive that dogs were created blind, because we observe they were littered so with us. Sir T. Browne. The son that she did litter here, A freckled whelp hagborn. Shak.

LITTER Lit"ter, v. i.

1. To be supplied with litter as bedding; to sleep or make one's bed in litter. [R.] The inn Where he and his horse littered. Habington.

2. To produce a litter. A desert . . . where the she-wolf still littered. Macaulay.

LITTERATEUR Lit`te`ra`teur", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: One who occupies himself with literature; a literary man; a literatus. " Befriended by one kind-hearted littérateur after another." C. Kingsley.

LITTERY Lit"ter*y, a.

Defn: Covered or encumbered with litter; consisting of or constituting litter.

LITTLE Lit"tle, a. [The regular comparative of this word is wanting, its place being supplied by less, or, rarely, lesser. See Lesser. For the superlative least is used, the regular form, littlest, occurring very rarely, except in some of the English provinces, and occasionally in colloquial language. " Where love is great, the littlest doubts are fear." Shak.] Etym: [OE. litel, lutel, AS. l, litel, l; akin to OS. littil, D. luttel, LG. lütt, OHG. luzzil, MHG. lützel; and perh. to AS. lytig deceitful, lot deceit, Goth. liuts deceitful, lut to deceive; cf. also Icel. litill little, Sw. liten, Dan. liden, lille, Goth. leitils, which appear to have a different root vowel.]

1. Small in size or extent; not big; diminutive; — opposed to big or large; as, a little body; a little animal; a little piece of ground; a little hill; a little distance; a little child. He sought to see Jesus who he was; and could not for the press, because he was little of stature. Luke xix. 3.

2. Short in duration; brief; as, a little sleep. Best him enough: after a little time, I'll beat him too. Shak.

3. Small in quantity or amount; not much; as, a little food; a little air or water. Conceited of their little wisdoms, and doting upon their own fancies. Barrow.

4. Small in dignity, power, or importance; not great; insignificant; contemptible. When thou wast little in thine own sight, wast thou not made the head of the tribes I Sam. xv. 17.

5. Small in force or efficiency; not strong; weak; slight; inconsiderable; as, little attention or exertion;little effort; little care or diligence. By sad experiment I know How little weight my words with thee can find. Milton.

6. Small in extent of views or sympathies; narrow; shallow; contracted; mean; illiberal; ungenerous. The long-necked geese of the world that are ever hissing dispraise, Because their natures are little. Tennyson. Little chief. (Zoöl.) See Chief hare. — Little finger, the fourth and smallest finger of the hand. — Little go (Eng. Universities), a public examination about the middle of the course, which as less strict and important than the final one; — called also smalls. Cf. Great go, under Great. Thackeray. — Little hours (R. C. Ch.), the offices of prime, tierce, sext, and nones. Vespers and compline are sometimes included. — Little ones, young children. The men, and the women, and the little ones. Deut. ii. 34.

LITTLE Lit"tle, n.

1. That which is little; a small quantity, amount, space, or the like. Much was in little writ. Dryden. There are many expressions, which carrying with them no clear ideas, are like to remove but little of my ignorance. Locke.

2. A small degree or scale; miniature. " His picture in little." Shak. A little, to or in a small degree; to a limited extent; somewhat; for a short time. " Stay a little." Shak. The painter flattered her a little. Shak. — By little and little, or Little by little, by slow degrees; piecemeal; gradually.

LITTLE Lit"tle, adv.

Defn: In a small quantity or degree; not much; slightly; somewhat; — often with a preceding it. " The poor sleep little." Otway.

LITTLE-EASE Lit"tle-ease`, n.

Defn: An old slang name for the pillory, stocks, etc., of a prison.[Eng.] Latimer.

LITTLENESS Lit"tle*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being little; as, littleness of size, thought, duration, power, etc.

Syn. — Smallness; slightness; inconsiderableness; narrowness; insignificance; meanness; penuriousness.

LITTORAL Lit"to*ral, a. Etym: [L. littoralis, litoralis, from littus, litus, the seashore: cf. F. littoral.]

1. Of or pertaining to a shore, as of the sea.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Inhabiting the seashore, esp. the zone between high-water and low-water mark.

LITTORINA Lit"to*ri"na, n. Etym: [NL. See Littoral.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small pectinibranch mollusks, having thick spiral shells, abundant between tides on nearly all rocky seacoasts. They feed on seaweeds. The common periwinkle is a well-known example. See Periwinkle.

LITTRESS Lit"tress, n.

Defn: A smooth kind of cartridge paper used for making cards. Knight.

LITUATE Lit"u*ate, a. Etym: [See Lituus.] (Bot.)

Defn: Forked, with the points slightly curved outward.

LITUIFORM Lit"u*i*form, a. Etym: [Lituus + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of a lituus; like a lituite.

LITUITE Lit"u*ite, n. Etym: [See Lituus.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Any species of ammonites of the genus Lituites. They are found in the Cretaceous formation.

LITURATE Lit"u*rate, a. Etym: [L. lituratus, p. p. of liturare to erase, fr. litura a blur.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having indistinct spots, paler at their margins.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Spotted, as if from abrasions of the surface.

LITURGIC; LITURGICAL Li*tur"gic, Li*tur"gic*al,Etym: [Gr. liturgique.]