Chapter C · hap"ter, v. t. (continued 6)

COAGENCY Co*a"gen*cy, n.

Defn: Agency in common; joint agency or agent. Coleridge.

COAGENT Co*a"gent, n.

Defn: An associate in an act; a coworker. Drayton.

COAGMENT Co`ag*ment", v. t. Etym: [L. coagmentare, fr. coagmentum a joining together, fr. cogere. See Cogent.]

Defn: To join together. [Obs.] Glanvill.

COAGMENTATION Co*ag`men*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. coagmentatio.]

Defn: The act of joining, or the state of being joined, together; union. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

COAGULABILITY Co*ag`u*la*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being coagulable; capacity of being coagulated. Ure.

COAGULABLE Co*ag"u*la*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being coagulated. Boyle.

COAGULANT Co*ag"u*lant, n. Etym: [L. coagulans, p. pr.]

Defn: That which produces coagulation.

COAGULATE Co*ag"u*late, a. Etym: [L. coagulatus, p. p. of coagulare to coagulate, fr. coagulum means of coagulation, fr. cogere, coactum, to drive together, coagulate. See Cogent.]

Defn: Coagulated. [Obs.] Shak.

COAGULATE Co*ag"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coagulated; p. pr. & vb. n. Coagulating.]

Defn: To cause (a liquid) to change into a curdlike or semisolid state, not by evaporation but by some kind of chemical reaction; to curdle; as, rennet coagulates milk; heat coagulates the white of an egg.

COAGULATE Co*ag"u*late, v. i.

Defn: To undergo coagulation. Boyle.

Syn. — To thicken; concrete; curdle; clot; congeal.

COAGULATED Co*ag"u*la`ted, a.

Defn: Changed into, or contained in, a coagulum or a curdlike mass; curdled. Coagulated proteid (Physiol. Chem.), one of a class of bodies formed in the coagulation of a albuminous substance by heat, acids, or other agents.

COAGULATION Co*ag`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. coagulatio.]

1. The change from a liquid to a thickened, curdlike, insoluble state, not by evaporation, but by some kind of chemical reaction; as, the spontaneous coagulation of freshly drawn blood; the coagulation of milk by rennet, or acid, and the coagulation of egg albumin by heat. Coagulation is generally the change of an albuminous body into an insoluble modification.

2. The substance or body formed by coagulation.

COAGULATIVE Co*ag"u*la*tive, a.

Defn: Having the power to cause coagulation; as, a coagulative agent. Boyle.

COAGULATOR Co*ag"u*la`tor, n.

Defn: That which causes coagulation. Hixley.

COAGULATORY Co*ag"u*la*to*ry, a.

Defn: Serving to coagulate; produced by coagulation; as, coagulatory effects. Boyle.

COAGULUM Co*ag"u*lum, n.; pl. Coagula. Etym: [L. See Coagulate, a.]

Defn: The thick, curdy precipitate formed by the coagulation of albuminous matter; any mass of coagulated matter, as a clot of bloot.

COAITA Co*ai"ta, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The native name of certain South American monkeys of the genus Ateles, esp. A. paniscus. The black-faced coaita is Ateles ater. See Illustration in Appendix.

COAK Coak, n.

Defn: See Coke, n.

COAK Coak, n.

1. (Carp.)

Defn: A kind of tenon connecting the face of a scarfed timber with the face of another timber, or a dowel or pin of hard wood or iron uniting timbers. [Also spelt coag.]

2. A metallic bushing or strengthening piece in the center of a wooden block sheve.

COAK Coak, v. t. (Carp.)

Defn: To unite, as timbers, by means of tenons or dowels in the edges or face. Totten.

COAL Coal, n. Etym: [AS. col; akin to D. kool, OHG. chol, cholo, G. kohle, Icel. kol, pl., Sw. kol, Dan. kul; cf. Skr. jval to burn. Cf. Kiln, Collier.]

1. A thoroughly charred, and extinguished or still ignited, fragment from wood or other combustible substance; charcoal.

2. (Min.)

Defn: A black, or brownish black, solid, combustible substance, dug from beds or veins in the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting, like charcoal, mainly of carbon, but more compact, and often affording, when heated, a large amount of volatile matter.

Note: This word is often used adjectively, or as the first part of self-explaining compounds; as, coal-black; coal formation; coal scuttle; coal ship. etc.

Note: In England the plural coals is used, for the broken mineral coal burned in grates, etc.; as, to put coals on the fire. In the United States the singular in a collective sense is the customary usage; as, a hod of coal. Age of coal plants. See Age of Acrogens, under Acrogen. — Anthracite or Glance coal. See Anthracite. — Bituminous coal. See under Bituminous. — Blind coal. See under Blind. — Brown coal, or Lignite. See Lignite. — Caking coal, a bituminous coal, which softens and becomes pasty or semi-viscid when heated. On increasing the heat, the volatile products are driven off, and a coherent, grayish black, cellular mass of coke is left. — Cannel coal, a very compact bituminous coal, of fine texture and dull luster. See Cannel coal. — Coal bed (Geol.), a layer or stratum of mineral coal. — Coal breaker, a structure including machines and machinery adapted for crushing, cleansing, and assorting coal. — Coal field (Geol.), a region in which deposits of coal occur. Such regions have often a basinlike structure, and are hence called coal basins. See Basin. — Coal gas, a variety of carbureted hydrogen, procured from bituminous coal, used in lighting streets, houses, etc., and for cooking and heating. — Coal heaver, a man employed in carrying coal, and esp. in putting it in, and discharging it from, ships. — Coal measures. (Geol.) (a) Strata of coal with the attendant rocks. (b) A subdivision of the carboniferous formation, between the millstone grit below and the Permian formation above, and including nearly all the workable coal beds of the world. — Coal oil, a general name for mineral oils; petroleum. — Coal plant (Geol.), one of the remains or impressions of plants found in the strata of the coal formation. — Coal tar. See in the Vocabulary. — To haul over the coals, to call to account; to scold or censure. [Colloq.] — Wood coal. See Lignite.

COAL Coal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coaled; p. pr. & vb. n. Coaling.]

1. To burn to charcoal; to char. [R.] Charcoal of roots, coaled into great pieces. Bacon.

2. To mark or delineate with charcoal. Camden.

3. To supply with coal; as, to coal a steamer.

COAL Coal, v. i.

Defn: To take in coal; as, the steaer coaled at Southampton.

COAL-BLACK Coal"-black, a.

Defn: As black as coal; jet black; very black. Dryden.

COALERY Coal"er*y, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Colliery.

COALESCE Co`a*lesce", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Coalesced; p. pr. & vb. n. Coalescing.] Etym: [L. coalescere, coalitium; co- + alescere to grow up, incho. fr. alere to nourish. See Aliment, n.]

1. To grow together; to unite by growth into one body; as, the parts separated by a wound coalesce.

2. To unite in one body or product; to combine into one body or community; as, vapors coalesce. The Jews were incapable of coalescing with other nations. Campbell. Certain combinations of ideas that, once coalescing, could not be shaken loose. De Quincey.

Syn. — See Add.

COALESCENCE Co`a*les"cence, n.

Defn: The act or state of growing together, as similar parts; the act of uniting by natural affinity or attraction; the state of being united; union; concretion.

COALESCENT Co`a*les"cent, a. Etym: [L. coalescens, p. pr.]

Defn: Growing together; cohering, as in the organic cohesion of similar parts; uniting.

COALFISH Coal"fish`, n. Etym: [Named from the dark color of the back.] (Zoöl.) (a) The pollock; — called also, coalsey, colemie, colmey, coal whiting, etc. See Pollock. (b) The beshow or candlefish of Alaska. (c) The cobia.

COALGOOSE Coal"goose`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The cormorant; — so called from its black color.

COALITE Co"a*lite, v. i. Etym: [L. coalitus, p. p. of coalescere. See Coalesce.]

Defn: To unite or coalesce. [Obs.] Let them continue to coalite. Bolingbroke.

COALITE Co"a*lite, v. t.

Defn: To cause to unite or coalesce. [Obs.] Time has by degrees blended . . . and coalited the conquered with the conquerors. Burke.

COALITION Co`a*li"tion, n. Etym: [LL. coalitio: cf. F. coalition. See Coalesce.]

1. The act of coalescing; union into a body or mass, as of separate bodies or parts; as, a coalition of atoms. Bentley.

2. A combination, for temporary purposes, of persons, parties, or states, having different interests. A coalition of the puritan and the blackleg. J. Randolph. The coalition between the religious and worldly enemies of popery. Macaulay.

Syn. — Alliance; confederation; confederacy; league; combination; conjunction; conspiracy; union.

COALITIONER Co`a*li"tion*er, n.

Defn: A coalitionist.

COALITIONIST Co`a*li"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who joins or promotes a coalition; one who advocates coalition.

CO-ALLY Co`-al*ly", n.; pl. Co-allies.

Defn: A joint ally. Kent.

COAL-METER Coal"-me`ter, n.

Defn: A licensed or official coal measurer in London. See Meter. Simmonds.

COALMOUSE Coal"mouse`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small species of titmouse, with a black head; the coletit.

COALPIT Coal"pit`, n.

1. A pit where coal is dug.

2. A place where charcoal is made. [U. S.]

COALSACK Coal"sack`, n. [Coal + 2d sack.] (Astron.)

Defn: Any one of the spaces in the Milky Way which are very black, owing to the nearly complete absence of stars; esp., the large space near the Southern Cross sometimes called the Black Magellanic Cloud.

COAL TAR Coal" tar`.

Defn: A thick, black, tarry liquid, obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal in the manufacture of illuminating gas; used for making printer's ink, black varnish, etc. It is a complex mixture from which many substances have been obtained, especially hydrocarbons of the benzene or aromatic series.

Note: Among its important ingredients are benzene, aniline, phenol, naphtalene, anthracene, etc., which are respectively typical of many dye stuffs, as the aniline dyes, the phthaleïns, indigo, alizarin, and many flavoring extracts whose artificial production is a matter of great commercial importance.

COAL-WHIPPER Coal"-whip`per, n.

Defn: One who raises coal out of the hold of a ship. [Eng.] Dickens.

COAL WORKS Coal" works.

Defn: A place where coal is dug, including the machinery for raising the coal.

COALY Coal"y, a. Etym: [From Coal, n.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, coal; containing coal; of the nature of coal.

COAMINGS Coam"ings, n. pl. Etym: [Cf. Comb a crest.] (Naut.)

Defn: Raised pieces of wood of iron around a hatchway, skylight, or other opening in the deck, to prevent water from running bellow; esp. the fore-and-aft pieces of a hatchway frame as distinguished from the transverse head ledges. [Written also combings.]

COANNEX Co`an*nex", v. t.

Defn: To annex with something else.

COAPTATION Co`ap*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. coaptatio, fr. coaptare to fit together; co- + aptare. See Aptate.]

Defn: The adaptation or adjustment of parts to each other, as of a broken bone or dislocated joint.

COARCT; COARCTATE Co*arct", Co*arc"tate, v. t. Etym: [See Coarctate, a.]

1. To press together; to crowd; to straiten; to confine closely. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. To restrain; to confine. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

COARCTATE Co*arc"tate, a. Etym: [L. coarctatus, p. p. of coarctare to press together; co- + arctare to press together, from arctus, p. p. See Arctation.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pressed together; closely connected; — applied to insects having the abdomen separated from the thorax only by a constriction. Coarctate pupa (Zoöl.), a pupa closely covered by the old larval skin, as in most Diptera.

COARCTATION Co`arc*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. coarctatio.]

1. Confinement to a narrow space. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. Pressure; that which presses. [Obs.] Ray.

3. (Med.)

Defn: A stricture or narrowing, as of a canal, cavity, or orifice.

COARSE Coarse, a. [Compar. Coarser; superl. Coarsest.] Etym: [As this word was anciently written course, or cours, it may be an abbreviation of of course, in the common manner of proceeding, common, and hence, homely, made for common domestic use, plain, rude, rough, gross, e. g., "Though the threads be course." Gascoigne. See Course.]

1. Large in bulk, or composed of large parts or particles; of inferior quality or appearance; not fine in material or close in texture; gross; thick; rough; — opposed to fine; as, coarse sand; coarse thread; coarse cloth; coarse bread.

2. Not refined; rough; rude; unpolished; gross; indelicate; as, coarse manners; coarse language. I feel Of what coarse metal ye are molded. Shak. To copy, in my coarse English, his beautiful expressions. Dryden.

Syn. — Large; thick; rough; gross; blunt; uncouth; unpolished; inelegant; indelicate; vulgar.

COARSE-GRAINED Coarse"-grained`, a.

Defn: Having a coarse grain or texture, as wood; hence, wanting in refinement.

COARSELY Coarse"ly, adv.

Defn: In a coarse manner; roughly; rudely; inelegantly; uncivilly; meanly.

COARSEN Coars"en, v. t.

Defn: To make coarse or vulgar; as, to coarsen one's character. [R.] Graham.

COARSENESS Coarse"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being coarse; roughness; melegance; vulgarity; grossness; as, coarseness of food, texture, manners, or language. "The coarseness of the sackcloth." Dr. H. More. Pardon the coarseness of the illustration. L'Estrange. A coarseness and vulgarity in all the proceedings. Burke.

COARTICULATION Co`ar*tic`u*la"tion, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The unoin or articulation of bones to form a joint.

CO-ASSESSOR Co`-as*sess"or, n.

Defn: A joint assessor.

COAST Coast, n. Etym: [OF. coste, F. côte, rib, hill, shore, coast, L. costa rib, side. Cf. Accost, v. t., Cutlet.]

1. The side of a thing. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.

2. The exterior line, limit, or border of a country; frontier border. [Obs.] From the river, the river Euphrates, even to the uttermost sea, shall your coast be. Deut. xi. 24.

3. The seashore, or land near it. He sees in English ships the Holland coast. Dryden. We the Arabian coast do know At distance, when the species blow. Waller. The coast is clear, the danger is over; no enemy in sight. Dryden. Fig.: There are no obstacles. "Seeing that the coast was clear, Zelmane dismissed Musidorus." Sir P. Sidney. Coast guard. (a) A body of men originally employed along the coast to prevent smuggling; now, under the control of the admiralty, drilled as a naval reserve. [Eng.] (b) The force employed in lifesaving stations along the seacoast. [U. S.] — Coast rat (Zoöl.), a South African mammal (Bathyergus suillus), about the size of a rabbit, remarkable for its extensive burrows; — called also sand mole. — Coast waiter, a customhouse officer who superintends the landing or shipping of goods for the coast trade. [Eng.]

COAST Coast, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Coasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Coasting.] Etym: [OE. costien, costeien, costen, OF. costier, costoier, F. côtoyer, fr. Of. coste coast, F. côte. See Coast, n.]

1. To draw or keep near; to approach. [Obs.] Anon she hears them chant it lustily, And all in haste she coasteth to the cry. Shak.

2. To sail by or near the shore. The ancients coasted only in their navigation. Arbuthnot.

3. To sail from port to port in the same country.

4. Etym: [Cf. OF. coste, F. côte, hill, hillside.]

Defn: To slide down hill; to slide on a sled, upon snow or ice. [Local, U. S.]

COAST Coast, v. t.

1. To draw near to; to approach; to keep near, or by the side of. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

2. To sail by or near; to follow the coast line of. Nearchus, . . . not knowing the compass, was fain to coast that shore. Sir T. Browne.

3. To conduct along a coast or river bank. [Obs.] The Indians . . . coasted me along the river. Hakluyt.

COASTAL Coast"al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cast.

COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY Coast and Geodetic Survey.

Defn: A bureau of the United States government charged with the topographic and hydrographic survey of the coast and the execution of belts of primary triangulation and lines of precise leveling in the interior. It now belongs to the Department of Commerce and Labor.

COASTER Coast"er, n.

1. A vessel employed in sailing along a coast, or engaged in the coasting trade.

2. One who sails near the shore.

COASTING Coast"ing, a.

Defn: Sailing along or near a coast, or running between ports along a coast. Coasting trade, trade carried on by water between neighboring ports of the same country, as distinguished fron foreign trade or trade involving long voyages. — Coasting vessel, a vessel employed in coasting; a coaster.

COASTING Coast"ing, n.

1. A sailing along a coast, or from port to port; a carrying on a coasting trade.

2. Sliding down hill; sliding on a sled upon snow or ice. [Local, U. S.]

COASTWISE; COASTWAYS Coast"wise`, Coast"ways`, adv.

Defn: By way of, or along, the coast.

COAT Coat (; 110), n. Etym: [OF. cote, F. cotte, petticoat, cotte d'armes coat of arms, cotte de mailles coat of mail, LL. cota, cotta, tunic, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. chozzo coarse mantle, G. klotze, D. kot, hut, E. cot. Cf. Cot a hut.]

1. An outer garment fitting the upper part of the body; especially, such a garment worn by men. Let each His adamantine coat gird well. Milton.

2. A petticoat. [Obs.] "A child in coats." Locke.

3. The habit or vesture of an order of men, indicating the order or office; cloth. Men of his coat should be minding their prayers. Swift. She was sought by spirits of richest coat. Shak.

4. An external covering like a garment, as fur, skin, wool, husk, or bark; as, the horses coats were sleek. Fruit of all kinds, in coat Rough or smooth rined, or bearded husk, or shell. Milton.

5. A layer of any substance covering another; a cover; a tegument; as, the coats of the eye; the coats of an onion; a coat of tar or varnish.

6. Same as Coat of arms. See below. Hark, countrymen! either renew the fight, Or tear the lions out of England's coat. Shak.

7. A coat card. See below. [Obs.] Here's a trick of discarded cards of us! We were ranked with coats as long as old master lived. Massinger. Coat armor. See under Armor. — Coat of arms (Her.), a translation of the French cotte d'armes, a garment of light material worn over the armor in the 15th and 16th centuries. This was often charged with the heraldic bearings of the wearer. Hence, an heraldic achievement; the bearings of any person, taken together. — Coat card, a card bearing a coated figure; the king, queen, or knave of playing cards. "`I am a coat card indeed.' `Then thou must needs be a knave, for thou art neither king nor queen.'" Rowley. — Coat link, a pair of buttons or studs joined by a link, to hold together the lappels of a double-breasted coat; or a button with a loop for a single-breasted coat. — Coat of mail, a defensive garment of chain mail. See Chain mail, under Chain. — Mast coat (Naut.), a piece of canvas nailed around a mast, where it passes through the deck, to prevent water from getting below. — Sail coat (Naut.), a canvas cover laced over furled sails, and the like, to keep them dry and clean.

COAT Coat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coated; p. pr. & vb. n. Coating.]

1. To cover with a coat or outer garment.

2. To cover with a layer of any substance; as, to coat a jar with tin foil; to coat a ceiling.

COATEE Coat*ee", n.

Defn: A coat with short flaps.

COATI Co*a"ti ( or , n. Etym: [From the native name: cf. F. coati.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mammal of tropical America of the genus Nasua, allied to the raccoon, but with a longer body, tail, and nose.

Note: The red coati (N. socialis), called also coati mondi, inhabits Mexico and Central America. The brown coati (N. narica) is found in Surinam and Brazil.

COATING Coat"ing, n.

1. A coat or covering; a layer of any substance, as a cover or protection; as, the coating of a retort or vial.

2. Cloth for coats; as, an assortment of coatings.

COATLESS Coat"less, a.

Defn: Not wearing a coat; also, not possessing a coat.

COAX Coax (; 110), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coaxed; p. pr. & vb. n. Coaxing.] Etym: [Cf. OE. cokes fool, a person easily imposed upon, W. coeg empty, foolish; F. coquin knave, rogue.]

Defn: To persuade by gentle, insinuating courtesy, flattering, or fondling; to wheedle; to soothe.

Syn. — To wheedle; cajole; flatter; persuade; entice.

COAX Coax, n.

Defn: A simpleton; a dupe. [Obs.] Beau & Fl.

COAXATION Co`ax*a"tion, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The act of croaking. [R] Dr. H. More.

COAXER Coax"er, n.

Defn: One who coaxes.

COAXINGLY Coax"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a coaxing manner; by coaxing.

COB Cob, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. cop, copp, head, top, D. kop, G. kopf, kuppe, LL. cuppa cup (cf. E. brainpan), and also W. cob tuft, spider, cop, copa, top, summit, cobio to thump. Cf. Cop top, Cup, n.]

1. The top or head of anything. [Obs.] W. Gifford.

2. A leader or chief; a conspicuous person, esp. a rich covetous person. [Obs.] All cobbing country chuffs, which make their bellies and their bags their god, are called rich cobs. Nash.

3. The axis on which the kernels of maize or indian corn grow. [U. S.]

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A spider; perhaps from its shape; it being round like a head.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young herring. B. Jonson.

6. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish; — also called miller's thumb.

7. A short-legged and stout horse, esp. one used for the saddle. [Eng.]

8. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sea mew or gull; esp., the black-backed gull (Larus marinus). [Written also cobb.]

9. A lump or piece of anything, usually of a somewhat large size, as of coal, or stone.

10. A cobnut; as, Kentish cobs. See Cobnut. [Eng.]

11. Clay mixed with straw. [Prov. Eng.] The poor cottager contenteth himself with cob for his walls, and thatch for his covering. R. Carew.

12. A punishment consisting of blows inflicted on the buttocks with a strap or a flat piece of wood. Wright.

13. A Spanish coin formerly current in Ireland, worth abiut 4s. 6d. [Obs.] Wright. Cob coal, coal in rounded lumps from the size of an egg to that of a football; — called also cobbles. Grose. — Cob loaf, a crusty, uneven loaf, rounded at top. Wright. — Cob money, a kind of rudely coined gold and silver money of Spanish South America in the eighteenth century. The coins were of the weight of the piece of eight, or one of its aliquot parts.

COB Cob, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cobbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Cobbing.]

1. To strike [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

2. (Mining)

Defn: To break into small pieces, as ore, so as to sort out its better portions. Raymond.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: To punish by striking on the buttocks with a strap, a flat piece of wood, or the like.

COBAEA Co*bæ"a, n. Etym: [Named after D. Cobo, a Spanish botanist.]

Defn: A genus of climbing plants, native of Mexico and South America. C. scandens is a consrvatory climber with large bell-shaped flowers.

COBALT Co"balt (; 277, 74), n. Etym: [G. kobalt, prob. fr. kobold, kobel, goblin, MHG. kobolt; perh. akin to G. koben pigsty, hut, AS. cofa room, cofgodas household gods, Icel. kofi hut. If so, the ending -old stands for older -walt, -wald, being the same as -ald in E. herald and the word would mean ruler or governor in a house, house spirit, the metal being so called by miners, because it was poisonous and troublesome. Cf. Kobold, Cove, Goblin.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A tough, lustrous, reddish white metal of the iron group, not easily fusible, and somewhat magnetic. Atomic weight 59.1. Symbol Co.

Note: It occurs in nature in combination with arsenic, sulphur, and oxygen, and is obtained from its ores, smaltite, cobaltite, asbolite, etc. Its oxide colors glass or any flux, as borax, a fine blue, and is used in the manufacture of smalt. It is frequently associated with nickel, and both are characteristic ingredients of meteoric iron.

2. A commercial name of a crude arsenic used as fly poison. Cobalt bloom. Same as Erythrite. — Cobalt blue, a dark blue pigment consisting of some salt of cobalt, as the phosphate, ignited with alumina; — called also cobalt ultramarine, and Thenard's blue. — Cobalt crust, earthy arseniate of cobalt. — Cobalt glance. (Min.) See Cobaltite. — Cobalt green, a pigment consisting essentially of the oxides of cobalt and zinc; — called also Rinman's green. — Cobalt yellow (Chem.), a yellow crystalline powder, regarded as a double nitrite of cobalt and potassium.

COBALTIC Co*balt"ic (; 74), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cobaltique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; — said especially of those compounds in which cobalt has higher valence; as, cobaltic oxide. Luteo-cobaltic compounds (Chem.), an extensive series of complex yellow compounds of ammonia and cobaltic salts. — Roseo-cobaltic compounds (Chem.), an extensive series of complex red compounds of cobalt and ammonia. Modifications of these are the purpureo-cobaltic compounds.

COBALTIFEROUS Co`balt*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [Cobalt + -ferous.] (Min.)

Defn: Containing cobalt.

COBALTINE; COBALTITE Co"balt*ine, Co"balt*ite n. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of a nearly silver-white color, composed of arsenic, sulphur, and cobalt.

COBALTOUS Co*balt"ous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, cobalt; — said esp. of cobalt compounds in which the metal has its lower valence. Cobaltous chloride, a crystalline compound, CoCl2, of a pale rose color when hydrous, blue when dehydrated. Its solution is used for a sympathetic ink, the writing being nearly colorless when dried in the air, owing to absorbed moisture, and becoming bright blue when warmed.

COBBING Cob"bing, a.

Defn: Haughty; purse-proud. See Cob, n., 2. [Obs.] Withals (1608).

COBBLE Cob"ble, n.

Defn: A fishing boat. See Coble.

COBBLE Cob"ble, n. Etym: [From Cob a lump. See Cob, n., 9, and cf. Copple, Copplestone.]

1. A cobblestone. "Their slings held cobbles round." Fairfax.

2. pl.

Defn: Cob coal. See under Cob.

COBBLE Cob"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cobbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Cobbling.] Etym: [OF. cobler, copler, to join or knit together, couple, F. coupler, L. copulare to couple, join. Cf. Couple, n. & v. t.]

1. To make or mend coarsely; to patch; to botch; as, to cobble shoes. Shak. "A cobbled saddle." Thackeray.

2. To make clumsily. "Cobbled rhymes." Dryden.

3. To pave with cobblestones.

COBBLER Cob"bler, n.

1. A mender of shoes. Addison.

2. A clumsy workman. Shak.

3. A beverage. See Sherry cobbler, under Sherry. Cobbler fish (Zoöl.), a marine fish (Blepharis crinitus) of the Atlantic. The name alludes to its threadlike fin rays.

COBBLESTONE Cob"ble*stone`, n.

Defn: A large pebble; a rounded stone not too large to be handled; a small boulder; — used for paving streets and for other purposes.

COBBY Cob"by, a. Etym: [From Cob, n.]

1. Headstrong; obstinate. [Obs.] Brockett.

2. Stout; hearty; lively. [Obs.]

COBELLIGERENT Co`bel*lig"er*ent, a.

Defn: Carryng on war in conjunction with another power.

COBELLIGERENT Co`bel*lig"er*ent, n.

Defn: A nation or state that carries on war in connection with another.

COBIA Co"bi*a, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An oceanic fish of large size (Elacate canada); the crabeater; — called also bonito, cubbyyew, coalfish, and sergeant fish.

COBIRON Cob"i`ron, n. Etym: [From Cob the top.]

Defn: An andiron with a knob at the top. Bacon.

COBISHOP Co`bish"op, n.

Defn: A joint or coadjutant bishop. Ayliffe.

COBLE Co"ble, n. Etym: [AS. cuopel; cf. W. ceubal skiff, ferryboat.]

Defn: A flat-floored fishing boat with a lug sail, and a drop rudder extending from two to four feet below the keel. It was originally used on the stormy coast of Yorkshire, England.

COBNUT Cob"nut`, n.

1. (Com.)

Defn: A large roundish variety of the cultivated hazelnut.

2. A game played by children with nuts.

COBOOSE Co*boose", n.

Defn: See Caboose.

COBOURG Co"bourg, n. Etym: [Named from the town of Coburg in Germany.]

Defn: A thin worsted fabric for women's dresses.

COBRA Co"bra, n.

Defn: See Copra.

COBRA Co"bra, n.

Defn: The cobra de capello.

COBRA DE CAPELLO Co"bra de ca*pel"lo. Etym: [Pg., serpent of the hood.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The hooded snake (Naia tripudians), a highly venomous serpent inhabiting India.

COBSTONE Cob"stone`, n.

Defn: Cobblestone. [Prov. Eng.]

COBSWAN Cob"swan`, n.

Defn: A large swan. B. Jonson.

COBWALL Cob"wall`, n. Etym: [Cob clay mixed with straw + wall.]

Defn: A wall made of clay mixed with straw.

COBWEB Cob"web`, n. Etym: [Cob a spider + web.]

1. The network spread by a spider to catch its prey.

2. A snare of insidious meshes designed to catch the ignorant and unwary. I can not but lament thy splendid wit Entangled in the cobwebs of the schools. Cowper.

3. That which is thin and unsubstantial, or flimsy and worthless; rubbish. The dust and cobwebs of that uncivil age. Sir P. Sidney.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European spotted flycatcher. Cobweb lawn, a fine linen, mentioned in 1640 as being in pieces of fifteen yards. Beck. Draper's Dict. Such a proud piece of cobweb lawn. Beau. & Fl. Cobweb micrometer, a micrometer in which threads of cobwed are substituted for wires.

COBWEBBED Cob"webbed`, a.

Defn: Abounding in cobwebs. "The cobwebbed cottage." Young.

COBWEBBY Cob"web`by, a.

Defn: Abounding in cobwebs, or any fine web; resembling a cobweb.

COBWORK Cob"work`, a.

Defn: Built of logs, etc., laid horizontally, with the ends dovetailed together at the corners, as in a log house; in marine work, often surrounding a central space filled with stones; as, a cobwork dock or breakwater.

COCA Co"ca, n. Etym: [Sp., fr. native name.]

Defn: The dried leaf of a South American shrub (Erythroxylon Coca). In med., called Erythroxylon.

Note: Coca leaves resemble tea leaves in size, shape, and odor, and are chewed (with an alkali) by natives of Peru and Bolivia to impart vigor in prolonged exertion, or to sustain strength in absence of food. Mexican coca, an American herb (Richardsonia scabra), yielding a nutritious fodder. Its roots are used as a substitute for ipecacuanha.

COCAGNE Coc*agne", n. Etym: [F. cocagne, pays de cocagne; of uncertian origin, cf. Prov. F. couque cake, Catal. coca, L. coquere to cook; as if the houses in this country were covered with cakes. Cf. Cook, Cockney.]

1. An imaginary country of idleness and luxury.

2. The land of cockneys; cockneydom; — a term applied to London and its suburbs. Smart.

COCAINE Co"ca*ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A powerful alkaloid, C17H21NO4, obtained from the leaves of coca. It is a bitter, white, crystalline substance, and is remarkable for producing local insensibility to pain.

COCAINISM Co*ca"in*ism, n. (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition produced by the habitual and excessive use of cocaine. — Co*ca"in*ist, n.

COCAINIZE Co*ca"in*ize, v. t.

Defn: To treat or anæsthetize with cocaine. — Co*ca`in*i*za"tion (#), n.

COCCIFEROUS Coc*cif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. coccum a berry + -ferous. See Coccus.]

Defn: Bearing or producing berries; bacciferous; as, cocciferrous trees or plants.

COCCINELLA Coc`ci*nel"la, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. coccineus scarlet-colored. See Cochoneal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small beetles of many species. They and their larvæ feed on aphids or plant lice, and hence are of great benefit to man. Also called ladybirds and ladybugs.

COCCOBACTERIUM Coc`co*bac*te"ri*um, n.; pl. Coccobacteria. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. bacterium. So called from its round shape.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of the round variety of bacteria, a vegetable organism, generally less than a thousandth of a millimeter in diameter.

COCCOLITE Coc"co*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite: cf. F. coccalite.] (Min.)

Defn: A granular variety of pyroxene, green or white in color.

COCCOLITH Coc"co*lith, n. Etym: [Gr. -lith.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of a kind of minute, calcareous bodies, probably vegetable, often abundant in deep-sea mud.

COCCOSPHERE Coc"co*sphere, n. Etym: [Gr. sphere.] (Biol.)

Defn: A small, rounded, marine organism, capable of braking up into coccoliths.

COCCOSTEUS Coc*cos"te*us, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct genus of Devonian ganoid fishes, having the broad plates about the head studded with berrylike tubercles.

COCCULUS INDICUS Coc"cu*lus In"di*cus, n. Etym: [NL. cocculus (dim. of L. coccum kermes berry) + L. Indicus of India.] (Bot.)

Defn: The fruit or berry of the Anamirta Cocculus, a climbing plant of the East Indies. It is a poisonous narcotic and stimulant.

COCCUS Coc"cus, n.; pl. Cocci. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Cochineal.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: One of the separable carpels of a dry fruit.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of hemipterous insects, including scale insects, and the cochineal insect (Coccus cacti).

3. (Biol.)

Defn: A form of bacteria, shaped like a globule.

COCCYGEAL Coc*cyg"e*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the coccyx; as, the coccygeal vertebræ. Coccygeal glands (Zoöl.) , glands situated at the base of the tail of birds. They secrete the oil with which the plumage is dressed.

COCCYGEOUS Coc*cyg"e*ous, a.

Defn: Coccygeal. [R.]

COCCYX Coc"cyx, n.; pl. L. Coccyges. Etym: [L., cuckoo, Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The end of the vertebral column beyond the sacrum in man and tailless monkeys. It is composed of several vertebræ more or less consolidated.

COCHINEAL Coch"i*neal, Etym: [Sp. cochinilla, dim. from L. coccineus, coccinus, scarlet, fr. coccum the kermes berry, G. Quercus coccifera; but cf. also Sp. cochinilla wood louse, dim. of cochina sow, akin to F. cochon pig.]

Defn: A dyestuff consisting of the dried bodies of females of the Coccus cacti, an insect native in Mexico, Central America, etc., and found on several species of cactus, esp. Opuntia cochinellifera.

Note: These insects are gathered from the plant, killed by the application of heat, and exposed to the sun to dry. When dried they resemble small, rough berries or seeds, of a brown or purple color, and form the cochineal of the shops, which is used for making carmine, and also as a red dye.

Note: Cochineal contains as its essential coloring matter carminic acid, a purple red amorphous substance which yields carmine red.

COCHINEAL FIG Coch"i*neal fig, (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of Central and Southern Anerica, of the Cactus familly, extensively cultivated for the sake of the cochineal insect, which lives on it.

COCHIN FOWL Co"chin fowl`, (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large variety of the domestic fowl, originally from Cochin China (Anam).

COCHLEA Coch"le*a, n. Etym: [L., a snail, or snail shell, Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: An appendage of the labyrinth of the internal ear, which is elongated and coiled into a spiral in mammals. See Ear.

COCHLEAR Coch"le*ar, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the cochlea.

COCHLEARE Coch`le*a"re, n. Etym: [L.]

1. A spoon. Andrews.

2. (Med)

Defn: A spoonful. Dungleson.

COCHLEARIFORM Coch`le*ar"i*form, a. Etym: [Cochleare + -form.]

Defn: Spoon-shaped.

COCHLEARY Coch"le*a*ry, a. Etym: [L. cochlearum penfor snails (meaning formerly given, snail shell). See Cjchlea.]

Defn: Same as Cochleate.

COCHLEATE; COCHLEATED Coch"le*ate, Coch"le*a`ted, a. Etym: [L. cochleatus spiral or screw- formed. See Cochlea.]

Defn: Having the form of a snail shell; spiral; turbinated.

COCK Cock, n. Etym: [AS. coc; of unkown origin, perh. in imitation of the cry of the cock. Cf. Chicken.]

1. The male of birds, particulary of gallinaceous or domestic fowls.

2. A vane in the shape of a cock; a weathercock. Drenched our steeples, drowned the cocks! Shak.

3. A chief man; a leader or master. [Humorous] Sir Andrew is the cock of the club, since he left us. Addison.

4. The crow of a cock, esp. the first crow in the morning; cockcrow. [Obs.] He begins at curfew, and walks till the first cock. Shak.

5. A faucet or valve.

Note: Jonsons says, "The handly probably had a cock on the top; things that were contrived to turn seem anciently to have had that form, whatever was the reason." Skinner says, because it used to be constructed in forma critæ galli, i.e., in the form of a cock's comb.

6. The style of gnomon of a dial. Chambers.

7. The indicator of a balance. Johnson.

8. The bridge piece which affords a bearing for the pivot of a balance in a clock or watch. Knight. Ball cock. See under Ball. — Chaparral cock. See under Chaparral. — Cock and bull story, an extravagant, boastful story; a canard. — Cock of the plains (Zoöl.) See Sage cock. — Cock of the rock (Zoöl.), a South American bird (Rupicola aurantia) having a beautiful crest. — Cock of the walk, a chief or master; the hero of the hour; one who has overcrowed, or got the better of, rivals or competitors. — Cock of the woods. See Capercailzie.

COCK Cock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Cocking.] Etym: [Cf. Gael. coc to cock.]

1. To set erect; to turn up. Our Lightfoot barks, and cocks his ears. Gay. Dick would cock his nose in scorn. Swift.

2. To shape, as a hat, by turning up the brim.

3. To set on one side in a pert or jaunty manner. They cocked their hats in each other's faces. Macaulay.

4. To turn (the eye) obliquely and partially close its lid, as an expression of derision or insinuation. Cocked hat. (a) A hat with large, stiff flaps turned up to a peaked crown, thus making its form triangular; — called also three-cornered hat. (b) A game similar to ninepins, except that only three pins are used, which are set up at the angles of a triangle.

COCK Cock, v. i.

Defn: To strut; to swagger; to look big, pert, or menacing. Addison.

COCK Cock, n.

Defn: The act of cocking; also, the turn so given; as, a cock of the eyes; to give a hat a saucy cock.

COCK Cock, n. Etym: [It. cocca notch of an arrow.]

1. The notch of an arrow or crossbow.

2. The hammer in the lock of a firearm. At cock, At full cock, with the hammer raised and ready to fire; — said of firearms, also, jocularly, of one prepared for instant action. — At half cock. See under Half. — Cock feather (Archery), the feather of an arrow at right angles to the direction of the cock or notch. Nares.

COCK Cock, v. t.

Defn: To draw the hammer of (a firearm) fully back and set it for firing.

COCK Cock, v. i.

Defn: To draw back the hammer of a firearm, and set it for firing. Cocked, fired, and missed his man. Byron.

COCK Cock, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. kökkr lump, Dan. kok heap, or E. cock to set erect.]

Defn: A small concial pile of hay.

COCK Cock, v. t.

Defn: To put into cocks or heaps, as hay. Under the cocked hay. Spenser.

COCK Cock, n. Etym: [Of. coque, F. coche, a small vessel, L. concha muscle shell, a vessel. See Coach, and cf.Cog

Defn: A small boat. Yond tall anchoring bark [appears] Diminished to her cock; her cock, a buoy Almost too small for sight. Shak.

COCK Cock, n.

Defn: A corruption or disguise of the word God, used in oaths. [Obs.] "By cock and pie." Shak.

COCKADE Cock*ade", n. Etym: [F. cocarble, fr. coquard vain, OF. coquart, fr. coq cock, prob. of imitative origin. The ornament is so named from its resemblance to the crest of a cock. Cf. Coquette.]

Defn: A badge, usually in the form of a rosette, or knot, and generally worn upon the hat; — used as an indication of military or naval service, or party allegiance, and in England as a part of the livery to indicate that the wearer is the servant of a military or naval officer. Seduced by military liveries and cockades. Burke.

COCKADED Cock*ad"ed, a.

Defn: Wearing a cockade. Young.

COCK-A-HOOP Cock`-a-hoop", a.

Defn: Boastful; defiant; exulting. Also used adverbially.

COCKAL Cock"al, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

1. A game played with sheep's bones instead of dice [Obs.]

2. The bone used in playing the game; — called also huckle bone. [Obs.] Nares. A little transverse bone Which boys and bruckeled children call (Playing for points and pins) cockal. Herrick.

COCKALEEKIE Cock`a*leek"ie, n. Etym: [From cock + leek.]

Defn: A favorite soup in Scotland, made from a capon highly seasoned, and boiled with leeks and prunes.

COCKAMAROO Cock`a*ma*roo", n.

Defn: The Russian variety of bagatelle.

COCKATEEL Cock"a*teel, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An Australian parrot (Calopsitta Novæ-Hollandiæ); — so called from its note.

COCKATOO Cock`a*too, n. Etym: [Malayan kakatua.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird of the Parrot family, of the subfamily Cacatuinæ, having a short, strong, and much curved beak, and the head ornamented with a crest, which can be raised or depressed at will. There are several genera and many species; as the broad-crested (Plictolophus, or Cacatua, cristatus), the sulphur-crested (P. galeritus), etc. The palm or great black cockatoo of Australia is Microglossus aterrimus. Cock"a*trice, n. Etym: [OF. cocatrice crocodile, F. cocatrix, cocatrice. The word is a corruption from the same source as E. crocodile, but was confused with cock the bird, F. coq, whence arose the fable that the animal was produced from a cock's egg. See Crocodile.]

1. A fabulous serpent whose breath and look were said to be fatal. See Basilisk. That bare vowel, I, shall poison more Than the death-darting eye of cockatrice. Shak.

2. (Her.)

Defn: A representation of this serpent. It has the head, wings, and legs of a bird, and tail of a serpent.

3. (Script.)

Defn: A venomous serpent which which cannot now be identified. The weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice's

Note: [Rev. Ver. basilisk's] den. Is. xi. 8.

4. Any venomous or deadly thing. This little cockatrice of a king. Bacon.

COCKATRICE Cock"a*trice (-tris; 277), n. [OF. cocatrice crocodile, F. cocatrix, cocatrice. The word is a corruption from the same source as E. crocodile, but was confused with cock the bird, F. coq, whence arose the fable that the animal was produced from a cock's egg. See Crocodile.]

1. A fabulous serpent whose breath and look were said to be fatal. See Basilisk.

That bare vowel, I, shall poison more Than the death-darting eye of cockatrice. Shak.

2. (Her.) A representation of this serpent. It has the head, wings, and legs of a bird, and tail of a serpent.

3. (Script.) A venomous serpent which which cannot now be identified.

The weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice's [Rev. Ver. basilisk's] den. Is. xi. 8.

4. Any venomous or deadly thing.

This little cockatrice of a king. Bacon.

COCKBILL Cock"bill, v. t. Etym: [See Cock to set erect.] (Naut.)

Defn: To tilt up one end of so as to make almost vertical; as, to cockbill the yards as a sign of mourning. To cockbill the anchor, to suspend it from the cathead preparatory to letting it go. See Acockbill.

COCKBOAT Cock"boat`, n. Etym: [See Cock a boat.]

Defn: A small boat, esp. one used on rivers or near the shore.

COCK-BRAINED Cock"-brained`, a.

Defn: Giddy; rash. Milton.

COCKCHAFER Cock"chaf`er, n. Etym: [See Chafer the beetle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beetle of the genus Melolontha (esp. M. vulgaris) and allied genera; — called also May bug, chafer, or dorbeetle.

COCKCROW; COCKCROWING Cock"crow, Cock"crow`ing, n.

Defn: The time at which cooks first crow; the early morning.

COCKER Cock"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cockered; p. pr. & vb. n. Cockering.] Etym: [OE. cokeren; cf. W. cocru to indulge, fondle, E. cock the bird, F. coqueliner to dandle (Cotgrave), to imitate the crow of a cock, to run after the girls, and E. cockle, v.]

Defn: Th treat with too great tenderness; to fondle; to indulge; to pamper. Cocker thy child and he shall make thee afraid. Ecclesiasticus xxx. 9. Poor folks cannot afford to cocker themselves up. J. Ingelow.

COCKER Cock"er, n. Etym: [From Cock the bird.]

1. One given to cockfighting. [Obs.] Steele.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small dog of the spaniel kind, used for starting up woodcocks, etc.

COCKER Cock"er, n. Etym: [OE. coker qyiver, boot, AS. cocer quiver; akin to G. köcher quiver, and perh. originally meaning receptacle, holder. Cf. Quiver (for arrows).]

Defn: A rustic high shoe or half-boots. [Obs.] Drayton.

COCKEREL Cock"er*el, n. Etym: [Prob. a double dim. of cock.]

Defn: A young cock.

COCKER SPANIEL Cock"er span"iel.

Defn: One of a breed of small or medium-sized spaniels kept for hunting or retrieving game or for household pets. They usually weigh from eighteen to twenty-eight pounds. They have the head of fair length, with square muzzle, the ears long and set low, the legs short or of medium length, and the coat fine and silky, wavy but not curly. Various colors are bred, as black, liver, red, black and white, black and tan, etc.

COCKET Cock"et, a. Etym: [F. coquet coquettish. See Coquette, n.]

Defn: Pert; saucy. [Obs.] Halliwell.

COCKET Cock"et, n.

1. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A customhouse seal; a certified document given to a shopper as a warrant that his goods have been duly enstered and have paid duty.

2. An office in a customhouse where goods intended for export are entered. [Eng.]

3. A measure for bread. [Obs.] Blount.

COCKEYE Cock"eye`, n. Etym: [From cock to turn up.]

Defn: A squinting eye. Forby.

COCKEYE Cock"eye`, n. (Mach.)

Defn: The socket in the ball of a millstone, which sits on the cockhead.

COCKFIGHT Cock"fight`, n.

Defn: A match or contest of gamecocks.

COCKFIGHTING Cock"fight`ing, n.

Defn: The act or practice of pitting gamecocks to fight.

COCKFIGHTING Cock"fight`ing, a.

Defn: Addicted to cockfighting.

COCKHEAD Cock"head`, n. (Mach.)

Defn: The rounded or pointed top of a grinding mill spindle, forming a pivot on which the stone is balanced.

COCKHORSE Cock"horse`, n.

1. A child's rocking-horse. Ride a cockhorse to Banbury cross. Mother Goose.

2. A high or tall horse. [R.]

COCKHORSE Cock"horse`, a.

1. Lifted up, as one is on a tall horse.

2. Lofty in feeling; exultant; pround; upstart. Our painted fools and cockhorse peasantry. Marlowe.

COCKIELEEKIE Cock`ie*leek"ie, n.

Defn: Same as Cockaleekie.

COCKING Cock"ing, n.

Defn: Cockfighting. Ben Jonson.

COCKLE Coc"kle, n. Etym: [OE. cockes cockles, AS. s sea cockles, prob, from Celtic; cf. W. cocs cockles, Gael. cochull husk. Perh. influenced by EF. coquille shell, a dim. from the root of E. conch. Cf. Coach.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bivalve mollusk, with radiating ribs, of the genus Cardium, especially C. edule, used in Europe for food; — sometimes applied to similar shells of other genera.

2. A cockleshell.

3. The mineral black tourmaline or schorl; — so called by the Cornish miners. Raymond.

4. The fire chamber of a furnace. [Eng.] Knight.

5. A hop-drying kiln; an oast. Knight.

6. The dome of a heating furnace. Knight. Cockle hat, a hat ornamented with a cockleshell, the badge of a pilgrim. Shak. — Cockle stairs, winding or spiral stairs.

COCKLE Coc"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cockled; p. pr. & vb. n. Cockling.] Etym: [Of uncertian origin.]

Defn: To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting. Cockling sea, waves dashing against each other with a short and quick motion. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

COCKLE Coc"kle, n. Etym: [AS. coccel, cocel; cf. Gael. cogall tares, husks, cockle.] (Bot.) (a) A plant or weed that grows among grain; the corn rose (Luchnis Githage). (b) The Lotium, or darnel.

COCKLEBUR Coc"kle*bur`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A coarse, composite weed, having a rough or prickly fruit; one of several species of the genus Xanthium; — called also clotbur.

COCKLED Coc"kled, a.

Defn: Inclosed in a shell. The tender horns of cockled snails. Shak.

COCKLED Coc"kled, a.

Defn: Wrinkled; puckered. Showers soon drench the camlet's cockled grain. Gay.

COCKLER Coc"kler, n.

Defn: One who takes and sells cockles.

COCKLESHELL Coc"kle*shell`, n.

1. One of the shells or valves of a cockle.

2. A light boat. To board the cockleshell in those plunding waters. W. Black.

COCKLOFT Cock"loft` n. Etym: [Prop., a loft where cocks roost.]

Defn: An upper loft; a garret; the highest room in a building. Dryden. Swift.

COCKMASTER Cock"mas`ter, n.

Defn: One who breeds gamecocks. L'Estrange.

COCKMATCH Cock"match`, n.

Defn: A cockfight.

COCKNEY Cock"ney, n.; pl. Cockneys. Etym: [OE. cocknay, cokenay, a spoiled child, effeminate person, an egg; prob. orig. a cock's egg, a small imperfect egg; OE. cok cock + nay, neye, for ey egg (cf. Newt), AS. æg. See 1st Cock, Egg, n.]

1. An effeminate person; a spoilt child. "A young heir or cockney, that is his mother's darling." Nash (1592). This great lubber, the world, will prove a cockney. Shak.

2. A native or resident of the city of London; — used contemptuosly. A cockney in a rural village was stared at as much as if he had entered a kraal of Hottentots. Macaulay.

COCKNEY Cock"ney, a.

Defn: Of or relating to, or like, cockneys.

COCKNEYDOM Cock"ney*dom, n.

Defn: The region or home of cockneys; cockneys, collectively. Thackeray.

COCKNEYFY Cock"ney*fy, v. t. Etym: [Cockney + -fy.]

Defn: To form with the manners or character of a cockney. [Colloq.]

COCKNEYISH Cock"ney*ish, a.

Defn: Characteristic of, or resembling, cockneys.

COCKNEYISM Cock"ney*ism, n.

Defn: The charasteristics, manners, or dialect, of a cockney.

COCK-PADDLE Cock"-pad`dle, n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Lumpfish. [Scot.]

COCK-PADLE Cock"-pad`le, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Lumpfish. [Scot.]

COCKPIT Cock"pit`, n.

1. A pit, or inclosed area, for cockfights. Henry the Eight had built . . . a cockpit. Macaulay.

2. The Privy Council room at Westminster; — so called because built on the site of the cockpit of Whitehall palace. Brande & C.

3. (Naut.) (a) That part of a war vessel appropriated to the wounded during an engagement. (b) In yachts and other small vessels, a space lower than the rest of the deck, which affords easy access to the cabin.

COCKROACH Cock"roach, n. Etym: [Sp. cucaracha.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An orthopterus insect of the genus Blatta, and allied genera.

Note: The species are numerous, especially in hot countries. Those most commonly infesting houses in Europe and North America are Blatta orientalis, a large species often called black beetle, and the Croton bug (Ectobia Germanica).

COCKSCOMB Cocks"comb, n. Etym: [1st cock, n. + comb crest.]

1. See Coxcomb.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Celosia cristata), of many varieties, cultivated for its broad, fantastic spikes of brilliant flowers; — sometimes called garden cockscomb. Also the Pedicularis, or lousewort, the Rhinanthus Crista-galli, and the Onobrychis Crista-galli.

COCKSHEAD Cocks"head`, n.

Defn: (Bot.) A leguminous herb (Onobrychis Caput-galli), having small spiny-crested pods.

COCKSHUT Cock"shut`, n.

Defn: A kind of net to catch woodcock. [Obs.] Nares. Cockshut time or light, evening twilight; nightfall; — so called in allusion to the tome at which the cockshut used to be spread. [Obs.] Shak. B. Jonson.

COCKSHY Cock"shy`, n.

1. A game in which trinkets are set upon sticks, to be thrown at by the players; — so called from an ancient popular sport which consisted in "shying" or throwing cudgels at live cocks.

2. An object at which stones are flung. "Making a cockshy of him," replied the hideous small boy. Dickens.

COCKSPUR Cock"spur, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A variety of Cratægus, or hawthorn (C. Crus-galli), having long, straight thorns; — called also Cockspur thorn.

COCKSURE Cock"sure`, a.

1. Perfectly safe. [Obs.] We steal as in a castle, cocksure: . . . we walk invisible. Shak.

2. Quite certain. [Colloq.] I throught myself cocksure of the horse which he readily promised me. Pope.

COCKSWAIN Cock"swain (, colloq. ), n. Etym: [Cock a boat + swain; hence, the master of a boat.]

Defn: The steersman of a boat; a petty officer who has charge of a boat and its crew.

COCKTAIL Cock"tail`, n.

1. A beverage made of brandy, whisky, or gin, iced, flavored, and sweetened. [U. S.]

2. (Stock Breeding)

Defn: A horse, not of pure breed, but having only one eighth or one sixteenth impure blood in his veins. Darwin.

3. A mean, half-hearted fellow; a coward. [Slang, Eng.] It was in the second affair that poor little Barney showed he was a cocktail. Thackeray.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of rove beetle; — so called from its habit of elevating the tail.

COCKUP Cock"up, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, highly esteemed, edible fish of India (Lates calcarifer); — also called begti.

COCKWEED Cock"weed, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Peppergrass. Johnson.

COCKY Cock"y, a. Etym: [See Cocket.]

Defn: Pert. [Slang]

COCKYOLLY BIRD; COCKYOLY BIRD Cock`y*ol"ly bird or Cock`y*ol"y bird. [Cf. Cock, fowl; Yellow.]

Defn: A pet name for any small bird.

COCO; COCO PALM Co"co, n. or Co"co palm.

Defn: See Cocoa.

COCOA; COCOA PALM Co"coa, n., Co"coa palm` Etym: [Sp. & Pg. coco cocoanut, in Sp. also, cocoa palm. The Portuguese name is said to have been given from the monkeylike face at the base of the nut, fr. Pg. coco a bugbear, an ugly mask to frighten children. Cf., however, Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A palm tree producing the cocoanut (Cocos nucifera). It grows in nearly all tropical countries, attaining a height of sixty or eighty feet. The trunk is without branches, and has a tuft of leaves at the top, each being fifteen or twenty feet in length, and at the base of these the nuts hang in clusters; the cocoanut tree.

COCOA Co"coa, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. cacao.]

Defn: A preparation made from the seeds of the chocolate tree, and used in making, a beverage; also the beverage made from cocoa or cocoa shells. Cocoa shells, the husks which separate from the cacao seeds in preparing them for use.

COCOANUT Co"coa*nut`, n.

Defn: The large, hard-shelled nut of the cocoa palm. It yields an agreeable milky liquid and a white meat or albumen much used as food and in making oil.

COCOBOLO; COCOBOLAS Co`co*bo"lo, Co`co*bo"las, n. Etym: [Sp. cocobolo.] (Bot.)

Defn: A very beautiful and hard wood, obtained in the West India Islands. It is used in cabinetmaking, for the handles of tools, and for various fancy articles.

COCOON Co*coon", n. Etym: [F. cocon, dim. of coque shell of egge and insects, fr. L. concha mussel shell. See Conch.]

1. An oblong case in which the silkworn lies in its chrysalis state. It is formed of threads of silk spun by the worm just before leaving the larval state. From these the silk of commerce is prepared.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) The case constructed by any insect to contain its larva or pupa. (b) The case of silk made by spiders to protect their eggs. (c) The egg cases of mucus, etc., made by leeches and other worms.

COCOONERY Co*coon"er*y, n.

Defn: A building or apartment for silkworms, when feeding and forming cocoons.

COCTIBLE Coc"ti*ble, a. Etym: [See Coctile.]

Defn: Capable of being cooked. Blount.

COCTILE Coc"tile, a. Etym: [L. coctilis, fr. coguere. See Cook.]

Defn: Made by baking, or exposing to heat, as a brick.

COCTION Coc"tion, n. Etym: [L. coctio.]

1. Act of boiling.

2. (Med.) (a) Digestion. [Obs.] (b) The change which the humorists believed morbific matter undergoes before elimination. [Obs.] Dunglison.

COCUS WOOD Co"cus wood`.

Defn: A West Indian wood, used for making flutes and other musical instruments.

COD Cod, n. Etym: [AS. codd small bag; akin to Icel. koddi pillow, Sw. kudde cushion; cf. W. cod, ciod, bag, shell.]

1. A husk; a pod; as, a peascod. [Eng.] Mortimer.

2. A small bag or pouch. [Obs.] Halliwell.

3. The scortum. Dunglison.

4. A pillow or cushion. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

COD Cod, n. Etym: [Cf. G. gadde, and (in Heligoland) gadden, L. gadus merlangus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An important edible fish (Gadus morrhua), Taken in immense numbers on the northern coasts of Europe and America. It is especially abundant and large on the Grand Bank of Newfoundland. It is salted and dried in large quantities.

Note: There are several varieties; as shore cod, from shallow water; bank cod, from the distant banks; and rock cod, which is found among ledges, and is often dark brown or mottled with red. The tomcod is a distinct species of small size. The bastard, blue, buffalo, or cultus cod of the Pacific coast belongs to a distinct family. See Buffalo cod, under Buffalo. Cod fishery, the business of fishing for cod. — Cod line, an eighteen-thread line used in catching codfish. McElrath.

CODA Co"da, n. Etym: [It., tail, fr. L. cauda.] (Mus.)

Defn: A few measures added beyond the natural termination of a composition.

CODDER Cod"der, n.

Defn: A gatherer of cods or peas. [Obs. or Prov.] Johnson.

CODDING Cod"ding, a.

Defn: Lustful. [Obs.] Shak.

CODDLE Cod"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Coddling.] Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. caddle to coax, spoil, fondle, and Cade, a. & v. t.] [Written also codle.]

1. To parboil, or soften by boiling. It [the guava fruit] may be coddled. Dampier.

2. To treat with excessive tenderness; to pamper. How many of our English princes have been coddled at home by their fond papas and mammas! Thackeray. He [Lord Byron] never coddled his reputation. Southey.

CODDYMODDY Cod"dy*mod"dy, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A gull in the plumage of its first year.

CODE Code, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. codex, caudex, the stock or

1. A body of law, sanctioned by legislation, in which the rules of law to be specifically applied by the courts are set forth in systematic form; a compilation of laws by public authority; a digest.

Note: The collection of laws made by the order of Justinian is sometimes called, by way of eminence. "The Code" Wharton.

2. Any system of rules or regulations relating to one subject; as, the medical code, a system of rules for the regulation of the professional conduct of physicians; the naval code, a system of rules for making communications at sea means of signals. Code civil or Code Napoleon, a code enacted in France in 1803 and 1804, embodying the law of rights of persons and of property generally. Abbot.

CODEFENDANT Co`de*fend"ant, n.

Defn: A joint defendant. Blackstone.

CODEINE Co*de"ine, n. Etym: [Gr. cod.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance, C18H21NO3, similar to and regarded as a derivative of morphine, but much feebler in its action; — called also codeia.

CODETTA Co*det"ta, n. Etym: [It., dim. of coda tail.] (Mus.)

Defn: A short passage connecting two sections, but not forming part of either; a short coda.

CODEX Co"dex, n.; pl. Codices. Etym: [L. See Code.]

1. A book; a manuscript.

2. A collection or digest of laws; a code. Burrill.

3. An ancient manuscript of the Sacred Scriptures, or any part of them, particularly the New Testament.

4. A collection of canons. Shipley.

CODFISH Cod"fish, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kind of fish. Same as Cod.

CODGER Codg"er, n. Etym: [Cf. Cadger.]

1. A miser or mean person.

2. A singular or odd person; — a familiar, humorous, or depreciatory appellation. [Colloq.] A few of us old codgers met at the fireside. Emerson.

CODICAL Cod"i*cal, a.

Defn: Ralating to a codex, or a code.

CODICIL Cod"i*cil, n. Etym: [L. codicillus, dim. of codex: cf. F. codicille. See Code.] (Law)

Defn: A clause added to a will.

CODICILLARY Cod`i*cil"la*ry, a. Etym: [L. codicillaris, codicillarius.]

Defn: Of the nature of a codicil.

CODIFICATION Co`di*fi*ca"tion ( or ), n. Etym: [Cf. F. codification.]

Defn: The act or process of codifying or reducing laws to a code.

CODIFIER Co"di*fi`er ( or ), n.

Defn: One who codifies.

CODIFY Co"di*fy ( or ; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Codified; p. pr. & vb. n. Codifying.] Etym: [Code + -fy: cf. F. codifier.]

Defn: To reduce to a code, as laws.

CODILLA Co*dil"la, n. Etym: [Cf. L. codicula a little tail, dim. of cauda tail.] (Com.)

Defn: The coarse tow of flax and hemp. McElrath.

CODILLE Co*dille", n. Etym: [F. codile.]

Defn: A term at omber, signifying that the game is won. Pope.

CODIST Co"dist, n.

Defn: A codifier; a maker of codes. [R.]

CODLE Co"dle, v. t.

Defn: See Coddle.

CODLIN; CODLING Cod"lin, Cod"ling, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. codæppel a quince.] (a) An apple fit to stew or coddle. (b) An immature apple. A codling when 't is almost an apple. Shak. Codling moth (Zoöl.), a small moth (Carpocapsa Pomonella), which in the larval state (known as the apple worm) lives in apples, often doing great damage to the crop.

CODLING Cod"ling, n. Etym: [Dim. of cod the fish.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young cod; also, a hake.

COD LIVER Cod" liv`er, n.

Defn: The liver of the common cod and allied species. Cod-liver oil, an oil obtained fron the liver of the codfish, and used extensively in medicine as a means of supplying the body with fat in cases of malnutrition.

CODPIECE Cod"piece`, n. Etym: [Cod, n., piece.]

Defn: A part of male dress in front of the breeches, formerly made very conspicuous. Shak. Fosbroke.

COECILIAN Coe*cil"i*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Cæcilian.

COEDUCATION Co*ed`u*ca"tion, n.

Defn: An educating together, as of persons of different sexes or races. Co*ed`u*ca"tion*al (, a.

COEFFICACY Co*ef"fi*ca*cy, n.

Defn: Joint efficacy.

COEFFICIENCY Co`ef*fi"cien*cy, n.

Defn: Joint efficiency; coöperation. Glanvill.

COEFFICIENT Co`ef*fi"cient, a.

Defn: Coöperating; acting together to produce an effect. Co`ef*fi"cient*ly, adv.

COEFFICIENT Co`ef*fi"cient, n.

1. That which unites in action with something else to produce the same effect.

2. Etym: [Cf. F. coefficient.] (Math.)

Defn: A number or letter put before a letter or quantity, known or unknown, to show how many times the latter is to be taken; as, 6x; bx; here 6 and b are coefficients of x.

3. (Physics)

Defn: A number, commonly used in computation as a factor, expressing the amount of some change or effect under certain fixed conditions as to temperature, length, volume, etc.; as, the coefficient of expansion; the coefficient of friction. Arbitrary coefficient (Math.), a literal coefficient placed arbitrarily in an algebraic, expression, the value of the coefficient being afterwards determined by the conditions of the problem.

COEHORN Coe"horn, n. Etym: [From its inventor, Baron Coehorn.] (Mil.)

Defn: A small bronze mortar mounted on a wooden block with handles, and light enough to be carried short distances by two men.

COELACANTH Coel"a*canth ( or , a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having hollow spines, as some ganoid fishes.

COELECTRON Co`e*lec"tron, n.

Defn: See Electron.

COELENTERA; COELENTERATA Coe*len"te*ra or Coe*len`te*ra"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A comprehensive group of Invertebrata, mostly marine, comprising the Anthozoa, Hydrozoa, and Ctenophora. The name implies that the stomach and body cavities are one. The group is sometimes enlarged so as to include the sponges.

COELENTERATE Coe*len"ter*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Coelentra. — n.

Defn: One of the Coelentera.

COELIA Coe"li*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A cavity.

Note: The word is applied to the ventricles of the brain, the different venticles being indicated by prefixes like those characterizing the parts of the brain in which the cavities are found; as, epicoelia, mesocoelia, metacoelia, procoelia, etc. B. G. Wilder.

COELIAC; CELIAC Coe"li*ac, Ce"li*ac, a. Etym: [L. coeliacus, Gr.

Defn: Relating to the abdomen, or to the cavity of the abdomen. Coeliac artery (Anat.), the artery which issues from the aorta just below the diaphragm; — called also coeliac axis. — Coeliac flux, Coeliac passion (Med.), a chronic flux or diarrhea of undigested food.

COELODONT Coe"lo*dont, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having hollow teeth; — said of a group lizards. — n.

Defn: One of a group of lizards having hollow teeth.

COELOSPERMOUS Coel`o*sper"mous ( or , a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the seedlike carpels incurved at the ends, as in coriander seed.

COELUM Coe"lum, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See Body cavity, under Body.

COEMPTION Co*emp"tion, n. Etym: [L. coëmptio, fr. coëmere to buy up. See Emption.]

Defn: The act of buying the whole quantity of any commodity. [R.] Bacon.

COENDOO Co*en"doo, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Brazilian porcupine (Cercolades, or Sphingurus, prehensiles), remarkable for its prehensile tail.

COENENCHYM; COENENCHYMA Coe*nen"chym, Coe*nen"chy*ma n. Etym: [NL. coenenchyma, fr. Gr. parenchyma.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common tissue which unites the polyps or zooids of a compound anthozoan or coral. It may be soft or more or less ossified. See Coral.

COENESTHESIS Coen`es*the"sis ( or ), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Common sensation or general sensibility, as distinguished from the special sensations which are located in, or ascribed to, separate organs, as the eye and ear. It is supposed to depend on the ganglionic system.

COENOBITE Coen"o*bite ( or ), n.

Defn: See Cenobite.

COENOECIUM Coe*noe"ci*um ( or ), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common tissue which unites the various zooids of a bryozoan.

COENOGAMY Coe*nog"a*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The state of a community which permits promiscuous sexual intercourse among its members; — as in certain primitive tribes or communistic societies. [Written also cenogamy.]

COENOSARC Coen"o*sarc ( or ), n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common soft tissue which unites the polyps of a compound hydroid. See Hydroidea.

COENURUS Coe*nu"rus, n. Etym: [NL. fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larval stage of a tapeworm (Tænia coenurus) which forms bladderlike sacs in the brain of sheep, causing the fatal disease known as water brain, vertigo, staggers or gid.

Note: This bladder worm has on its surface numerous small heads, each of which, when swallowed by a dog, becomes a mature tapeworm in the dog's intestine.

COEQUAL Co*e"qual, a. Etym: [L. coaequalis; co- + aequalis equal.]

Defn: Being on an equality in rank or power. — n.

Defn: One who is on an equality with another. In once he come to be a cardinal, He'll make his cap coequal with the crown. Shak.

COEQUALITY Co`e*qual"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being on an equality, as in rank or power.

COEQUALLY Co*e"qual*ly, adv.

Defn: With coequality.

COERCE Co*erce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coerced; p. pr. & vb. n. Coercing.] Etym: [L. coërcere; co- + arcere to shut up, to press together. See Ark.]

1. To restrain by force, especially by law or authority; to repress; to curb. Burke. Punishments are manifold, that they may coerce this profligate sort. Ayliffe.

2. To compel or constrain to any action; as, to coerce a man to vote for a certain candidate.

3. To compel or enforce; as, to coerce obedience.

Syn. — To Coerce, Compel. To compel denotes to urge on by force which cannot be resisted. The term aplies equally to physical and moral force; as, compelled by hunger; compelled adverse circumstances; compelled by parental affection. Coerce had at first only the negative sense of checking or restraining by force; as, to coerce a bad man by punishments or a prisoner with fetters. It has now gained a positive sense., viz., that of driving a person into the performance of some act which is required of him by another; as, to coerce a man to sign a contract; to coerce obedience. In this sense (which is now the prevailing one), coerce differs but little from compel, and yet there is a distinction between them. Coercion is usually acomplished by indirect means, as threats and intimidation, physical force being more rarely employed in coercing.

COERCIBLE Co"er"ci*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being coerced. — Co*er"ci*ble*ness, n.

COERCION Co*er"cion, n. Etym: [L. coercio, fr. coercere. See Coerce.]

1. The act or process of coercing.

2. (Law)

Defn: The application to another of either physical or moral force. When the force is physical, and cannot be resisted, then the act produced by it is a nullity, so far as concerns the party coerced. When the force is moral, then the act, though voidable, is imputable to the party doing it, unless he be so paralyzed by terror as to act convulsively. At the same time coercion is not negatived by the fact of submission under force. "Coactus volui" (I consented under compulsion) is the condition of mind which, when there is volition forced by coercion, annuls the result of such coercion. Wharton.

COERCITIVE Co*er"ci*tive, a.

Defn: Coercive. "Coercitive power in laws." Jer. Taylor.

COERCIVE Co*er"cive, a.

Defn: Serving or intended to coerce; having power to constrain. — Co*er"cive*ly, adv. — Co*er"cive*ness, n. Coercive power can only influence us to outward practice. Bp. Warburton. Coercive or Coercitive force (Magnetism), the power or force which in iron or steel produces a slowness or difficulty in imparting magnetism to it, and also interposes an obstacle to the return of a bar to its natural state when active magnetism has ceased. It plainly depends on the molecular constitution of the metal. Nichol. The power of resisting magnetization or demagnization is sometimes called coercive force. S. Thompson.

COERULIGNONE Coe`ru*lig"none, n. Etym: [L. coeruleus cerulean + lignum wood + E. quinone.] (Chem.)

Defn: A bluish violet, crystalline substance obtained in the purification of crude wood vinegar. It is regarded as a complex quinone derivative of diphenyl; — called also cedriret.

COESSENTIAL Co`es*sen"tial, a.

Defn: Partaking of the same essence. — Co`es*sen"tial*ly, adv. We bless and magnify that coessential Spirit, eternally proceeding from both [The Father and the Son]. Hooker.

COESSENTIALITY Co`es*sen`ti*al"i*ty ( or ; 106), n.

Defn: Participation of the same essence. Johnson.

COESTABLISHMENT Co`es*tab"lish*ment, n.

Defn: Joint establishment. Bp. Watson.

COESTATE Co`es*tate", n.

Defn: Joint estate. Smolett.

COETANEAN Co`e*ta"ne*an, n.

Defn: A personcoetaneous with another; a contemporary. [R.] A . . . coetanean of the late earl of SouthamptoAubrey.

COETANEOUS Co`e*ta"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. coaetaneus; co- + aetas age.]

Defn: Of the same age; beginning to exist at the same time; contemporaneous. — Co`e*ta"ne*ous*ly, adv. And all [members of the body] are coetaneous. Bentley.

COETERNAL Co`e*ter"nal, a.

Defn: Equally eternal. — Co`e*ter"nal*ly, adv. Hail, holy Light, offspring of Heaven first born! Or of the Eternal coeternal beam. Milton.

COETERNITY Co`e*ter"ni*ty, n.

Defn: Existence from eternity equally with another eternal being; equal eternity.

COEVAL Co*e"val, a. Etym: [L. coaevus; co- + aevum lifetime, age. See Age, n.]

Defn: Of the same age; existing during the same period of time, especially time long and remote; — usually followed by with. Silence! coeval with eternity! Pope. Oaks coeval spread a mournful shade. Cowper.

COEVAL Co*e"val, n.

Defn: One of the same age; a contemporary. As if it were not enough to have outdone all your coevals in wit. Pope.

COEVOUS Co*e"vous, a.

Defn: Coeaval [Obs.] South.

COEXECUTOR Co`ex*ec"u*tor, n.

Defn: A joint executor.

COEXECUTRIX Co`ex*ec"u*trix, n.

Defn: A joint executrix.

COEXIST Co`ex*ist, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Coexisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Coexisting.]

Defn: To exist at the same time; — sometimes followed by with. Of substances no one has any clear idea, farther than of certain simple ideas coexisting together. Locke. So much purity and integrity . . . coexisting with so much decay and so many infirmities. Warburton.

COEXISTENCE Co`ex*ist"ence, n.

Defn: Existence at the same time with another; — contemporary existence. Without the help, or so much as the coexistence, of any condition. Jer. Taylor.

COEXISTENT Co`ex*ist"ent, a.

Defn: Existing at the same time with another. — n.

Defn: That which coexists with another. The law of coexistent vibrations. Whewell.

COEXISTING Co`ex*ist"ing, a.

Defn: Coexistent. Locke.

COEXTEND Co`ex*tend, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coextended; p. pr. & vb. n. Coextending.]

Defn: To extend through the same space or time with another; to extend to the same degree. According to which the least body may be coextended with the greatest. Boyle. Has your English language one single word that is coextended through all these significations Bentley.

COEXTENSION Co`ex*ten"sion, n.

Defn: The act of extending equally, or the state of being equally extended.

COEXTENSIVE Co`ex*ten"sive, a.

Defn: Equally extensive; having as, consciousness and knowledge are coextensive. Sir W. Hamilton. — Co`ex*ten"sive*ly, adv. — Co`ex*ten"sive*ness, n.

COFFEE Cof"fee, n. Etym: [Turk. qahveh, Ar. qahuah wine, coffee, a decoction of berries. Cf. Café.]

1. The "beans" or "berries" (pyrenes) obtained from the drupes of a small evergreen tree of the genus Coffea, growing in Abyssinia, Arabia, Persia, and other warm regions of Asia and Africa, and also in tropical America.

2. The coffee tree.

Note: There are several species of the coffee tree, as, Coffea Arabica, C. occidentalis, and C. Liberica. The white, fragrant flowers grow in clusters at the root of the leaves, and the fruit is a red or purple cherrylike drupe, with sweet pulp, usually containing two pyrenes, commercially called "beans" or "berries".

3. The beverage made from the roasted and ground berry. They have in Turkey a drink called coffee . . . This drink comforteth the brain and heart, and helpeth digestion. Bacon.

Note: The use of coffee is said to have been introduced into England about 1650, when coffeehouses were opened in Oxford and London. Coffee bug (Zoöl.), a species of scale insect (Lecanium coffæa), often very injurious to the coffee tree. — Coffee rat (Zoöl.) See Musang.

COFFEEHOUSE Cof"fee*house`, n.

Defn: A house of entertainment, where guests are supplied with coffee and other refreshments, and where men meet for conversation. The coffeehouse must not be dismissed with a cursory mention. It might indeed, at that time, have been not improperly called a most important political institution . . . The coffeehouses were the chief organs through which the public opinion of the metropolis vented itself . . . Every man of the upper or middle class went daily to his coffeehouse to learn the news and discuss it. Every coffeehouse had one or more orators, to whose eloquence the crowd listened with admiration, and who soon became what the journalists of our own time have been called — a fourth estate of the realm. Macaulay.

COFFEEMAN Cof"fee*man, n.

Defn: One who keeps a coffeehouse. Addison.

COFFEEPOT Cof"fee*pot, n.

Defn: A covered pot im which coffee is prepared,

COFFEEROOM Cof"fee*room`, n.

Defn: A public room where coffee and other refreshments may be obtained.

COFFER Cof"fer, n. Etym: [OF. cofre, F. coffre, L. cophinus basket, fr. Gr. Coffin, n.]

1. A casket, chest, or trunk; especially, one used for keeping money or other valuables. Chaucer. In ivory coffers I have stuffed my crowns. Shak.

2. Fig.: Treasure or funds; — usually in the plural. He would discharge it without any burden to the queen's coffers, for honor sake. Bacon. Hold, here is half my coffer. Shak.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: A panel deeply recessed in the ceiling of a vault, dome, or portico; a caisson.

4. (Fort.)

Defn: A trench dug in the botton of a dry moat, and extending across it, to enable the besieged to defend it by a raking fire.

5. The chamber of a canal lock; also, a caisson or a cofferdam. Coffer dam. (Engin.) See Cofferdam, in the Vocabulary. — Coffer fish. (Zoöl.) See Cowfish.

COFFER Cof"fer, v. t.

1. To put into a coffer. Bacon.

2. (Mining.)

Defn: To secure from leaking, as a chaft, by ramming clay behind the masonry or timbering. Raymond.

3. To form with or in a coffer or coffers; to turnish with a coffer or coffers.

COFFERDAM Cof"fer*dam, n.

Defn: A water-tight inclosure, as of piles packed with clay, from which the water is pumped to expose the bottom (of a river, etc.) and permit the laying of foundations, building of piers, etc.

COFFERER Cof"fer*er, n.

Defn: One who keeps treasures in a coffer. [R.]

COFFERWORK Cof"fer*work`, n. (Masonry)

Defn: Rubblework faced with stone. Knight.

COFFIN Cof"fin, n. Etym: [OE., a basket, receptacle, OF. cofin, fr. L. cophinus. See Coffer, n.]

1. The case in which a dead human body is inclosed for burial. They embalmed him [Joseph], and he was put in a coffin. Gen. 1. 26.

2. A basket. [Obs.] Wyclif (matt. xiv. 20).

3. A casing or crust, or a mold, of pastry, as for a pie. Of the paste a coffin I will rear. Shak.

4. A conical paper bag, used by grocers. [Obs.] Nares.

5. (Far.)

Defn: The hollow crust or hoof of a horse's foot, below the coronet, in which is the coffin bone. Coffin bone, the foot bone of the horse and allied animals, inclosed within the hoof, and corresponding to the third phalanx of the middle finger, or toe, of most mammals. — Coffin joint, the joint next above the coffin bone.

COFFIN Cof"fin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coffined; p. pr. & vb. n. Coffining.]

Defn: To inclose in, or as in, a coffin. Would'st thou have laughed, had I come coffined home Shak. Devotion is not coffined in a cell. John Hall (1646).

COFFINLESS Cof"fin*less, a.

Defn: Having no coffin.

COFFLE Cof"fle, n. Etym: [Ar. kafala caravan.]

Defn: A gang of negro slaves being driven to market.

COG Cog, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cogged; p. pr. & vb. n. Cogging.] Etym: [Cf. W. coegio to make void, to beceive, from coeg empty, vain, foolish. Cf. Coax, v. t.]

1. To seduce, or draw away, by adulation, artifice, or falsehood; to wheedle; to cozen; to cheat. [R.] I'll . . . cog their hearts from them. Shak.

2. To obtrude or thrust in, by falsehood or deception; as, to cog in a word; to palm off. [R.] Fustian tragedies . . . have, by concerted applauses, been cogged upon the town for masterpieces. J. Dennis To cog a die, to load so as to direct its fall; to cheat in playing dice. Swift.

COG Cog, v. i.

Defn: To deceive; to cheat; to play false; to lie; to wheedle; to cajole. For guineas in other men's breeches, Your gamesters will palm and will cog. Swift.

COG Cog, n.

Defn: A trick or deception; a falsehood. Wm. Watson.

COG Cog, n. Etym: [Cf. Sw. kugge a cog, or W. cocos the cogs of a wheel.]

1. (Mech.)

Defn: A tooth, cam, or catch for imparting or receiving motion, as on a gear wheel, or a lifter or wiper on a shaft; originally, a separate piece of wood set in a mortise in the face of a wheel.

2. (Carp.) (a) A kind of tenon on the end of a joist, received into a notch in a bearing timber, and resting flush with its upper surface. (b) A tenon in a scarf joint; a coak. Knight.

3. (Mining.)

Defn: One of the rough pillars of stone or coal left to support the roof of a mine.

COG Cog, v. t.

Defn: To furnish with a cog or cogs. Cogged breath sound (Auscultation), a form of interrupted respiration, in which the interruptions are very even, three or four to each inspiration. Quain.

COG Cog, n. Etym: [OE. cogge; cf. D. kog, Icel. kuggr Cf. Cock a boat.]

Defn: A small fishing boat. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

COGENCY Co"gen*cy, n. Etym: [See Cogent.]

Defn: The quality of being cogent; power of compelling conviction; conclusiveness; force. An antecedent argument of extreme cogency. J. H. Newman.

COGENIAL Co*ge"ni*al, a.

Defn: Congenial. [Obs.]

COGENT Co"gent, a. Etym: [L. cogens, p. pr. of cogere to drive together, to force; co- + agere to drive. See Agent, a., and cf. Coact to force, Coagulate, p. a.]

1. Compelling, in a physical sense; powerful. [Obs.] The cogent force of nature. Prior.

2. Having the power to compel conviction or move the will; constraining; conclusive; forcible; powerful; not easily reasisted. No better nor more cogent reason. Dr. H. More. Proofs of the most cogent description. Tyndall. The tongue whose strains were cogent as commands, Revered at home, and felt in foreign lands. Cowper.

Syn. — Forcible; powerful; potent; urgent; strong; persuasive; convincing; conclusive; influential.

COGENTLY Co"gent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a cogent manner; forcibly; convincigly; conclusively. Locke.

COGGER Cog"ger, n. Etym: [From Cog to wheedle.]

Defn: A flatterer or deceiver; a sharper.

COGGERY Cog"ger*y, n.

Defn: Trick; deception. Bp. Watson.

COGGLE Cog"gle, n. Etym: [See Cog small boat.]

Defn: A small fishing boat. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

COGGLE Cog"gle, n. Etym: [Cf. Cobble a cobblestone.]

Defn: A cobblestone. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

COGITABILITY Cog`i*ta*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being cogitable; conceivableness.

COGITABLE Cog"i*ta*ble, a. Etym: [L. cogitabilis, fr. cogitare to think.]

Defn: Capable of being brought before the mind as a throught or idea; conceivable; thinkable. Creation is cogitable by us only as a putting forth of divine power. Sir W. Hamilton.

COGITABUND Cog"i*ta*bund`, a. Etym: [L. cogitabundus.]

Defn: Full of thought; thoughtful. [R.] Leigh Hunt.

COGITATE Cog"i*tate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cogitated; p. pr. & vb. n. Cogitating.] Etym: [L. cogitatus, p. p. of cogitare to reflect upon, prob. fr. co- + the root of aio I say; hence, prop., to discuss with one's self. Cf. Adage.]

Defn: To engage in continuous thought; to think. He that calleth a thing into his mind, whether by impression or recordation, cogitateth and considereth, and he that employeth the faculty of his fancy also cogitateth. Bacon.

COGITATE Cog"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To think over; to plan. He . . . is our witness, how we both day and night, revolving in our minds, did cogitate nothing more than how to satisfy the parts of a good pastor. Foxe.

COGITATION Cog`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. cogitatio: cf. F. cogitation.]

Defn: The act of thinking; thought; meditation; contemplation. "Fixed in cogitation deep." Milton.

COGITATIVE Cog"i*ta*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. LL. cogitativus.]

1. Possessing, or pertaining to, the power of thinking or meditating. "Cogitative faculties." Wollaston.

2. Given to thought or contemplation. Sir H. Wotton.

COGMAN Cog"man, n.

Defn: A dealer in cogware or coarse cloth. [Obs.] Wright.

COGNAC Co"gnac`, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A kind of French brandy, so called from the town of Cognac.

COGNATE Cog"nate, a. Etym: [L. cognatus; co- + gnatus, natus, p. p. of nasci, anciently gnasci, to be born. See Nation, and cf. Connate.]

1. Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically (Law), related on the mother's side.

2. Of the same or a similar nature; of the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root; allied; kindred; as, a cognate language.

COGNATE Cog"nate, n.

1. (Law)

Defn: One who is related to another on the female side. Wharton.

2. One of a number of things allied in origin or nature; as, certain letters are cognates.

COGNATENESS Cog"nate*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being cognate.

COGNATI Cog*na"ti, n. pl. Etym: [L.] (Law)

Defn: Relatives by the mother's side. Wharton.

COGNATION Cog*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. cognatio.]

1. Relationship by blood; descent from the same original; kindred. As by our cognation to the body of the first Adam. Jer. Taylor.

2. Participation of the same nature. Sir T. Browne. A like temper and cognation. Sir K. Digby.

3. (Law)

Defn: That tie of consanguinity which exists between persons descended from the same mother; — used in distinction from agnation.

COGNATUS Cog*na"tus, n. Etym: [L., a kinsman.] (Law)

Defn: A person cinnected through cognation.

COGNISOR; COGNISEE Cog`ni*sor" ( or ), Cog`ni*see, n.

Defn: See Cognizor, Cognizee.

COGNITION Cog*ni"tion, n. Etym: [L. cognitio, fr. cognoscere, cognitum, to become acquainted with, to know; co- + noscere, gnoscere, to get a knowledge of. See Know, v. t.]

1. The act of knowing; knowledge; perception. I will not be myself nor have cognation Of what I feel: I am all patience. Shak.

2. That which is known.

COGNITIVE Cog"ni*tive, a.

Defn: Knowing, or apprehending by the understanding; as, cognitive power. South.

COGNIZABLE Cog"ni*za*ble ( or , a. Etym: [F. connaissable, fr. connaître to know, L. cognoscere. See Cognition.]

1. Capable of being known or apprehended; as, cognizable causes.

2. Fitted to be a subject of judicial investigation; capable of being judicially heard and determined. Cognizable both in the ecclesiastical and secular courts. Ayliffe.

COGNIZABLY Cog"ni*za*bly, adv.

Defn: In a cognizable manner.

COGNIZANCE Cog"ni*zance ( or ; 277), n. Etym: [OF. conissance, conoissance, F. conaissance, LL. cognoscentia, fr. L. cognoscere to know. See Cognition, and cf. Cognoscence, Connoisseur.]

1. Apprehension by the understanding; perception; observation. Within the cognizance and lying under the control of their divine Governor. Bp. Hurd

2. Recollection; recognition. Who, soon as on that knight his eye did glance, Eftsoones of him had perfect cognizance. Spenser.

3. (Law) (a) Jurisdiction, or the power given by law to hear and decide controversies. (b) The hearing a matter judicially. (c) An acknowledgment of a fine of lands and tenements or confession of a thing done. [Eng.] (d) A form of defense in the action of replevin, by which the defendant insists that the goods were lawfully taken, as a distress, by defendant, acting as servant for another. [Eng.] Cowell. Mozley & W.

4. The distinguishing mark worn by an armed knight, usually upon the helmet, and by his retainers and followers: Hence, in general, a badge worn by a retainer or dependent, to indicate the person or party to which he belonged; a token by which a thing may be known. Wearing the liveries and cognizance of their master. Prescott. This pale and angry rose, As cognizance of my blood-drinking hate. Shak.

COGNIZANT Cog"ni*zant ( or ), a. Etym: [See Cognizance, and cf. Connusant.]

Defn: Having cognizance or knowledge. (of).

COGNIZE Cog"nize, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Cognizant, Recognize.]

Defn: To know or perceive; to recognize. The reasoning faculty can deal with no facts until they are cognized by it. H. Spencer.

COGNIZEE Cog`ni*zee" ( or ), n. (Law)

Defn: One to whom a fine of land was ackowledged. Blackstone.

COGNIZOR Cog`ni*zor, n. Etym: [See Cognizance.] (Law)

Defn: One who ackowledged the right of the plaintiff or cognizee in a fine; the defendant. Blackstone.

COGNOMEN Cog*no"men, n. Etym: [L.: co- + (g)nomen name.]

1. The last of the three names of a person among the ancient Romans, denoting his house or family.

2. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A surname.

COGNOMINAL Cog*nom"i*nal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cognomen; of the nature of a surname.

COGNOMINAL Cog*nom"i*nal, n.

Defn: One bearing the same name; a namesake. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

COGNOMINATION Cog*nom`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. cognominatio.]

Defn: A cognomen or surname. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

COGNOSCENCE Cog*nos"cence, n. Etym: [LL. cognoscentia. See Cognizance.]

Defn: Cognizance. [R.] Dr. H. More.

COGNOSCENTE Cog`nos*cen"te, n.; pl. Cognoscenti. Etym: [OIt. cognoscente, p. pr. of cognoscere, It. conoscere to know.]

Defn: A conoisseur. Mason.

COGNOSCIBILITY Cog*nos`ci*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being cognoscible. Cudworth.

COGNOSCIBLE Cog*nos"ci*ble, a.

1. Capable of being known. "Matters intelligible and cognoscible." Sir M. Hale.

2. Liable to judicial investigation. Jer. Taylor.

COGNOSCITIVE Cog*nos"ci*tive, a.

Defn: Having the power of knowing. [Obs.] "An innate cognoscitive power." Cudworth.

COGNOVIT Cog*no"vit, n. Etym: [L., he has acknowledged.] (Law)

Defn: An instrument in writting whereby a defendant in an action acknowledges a plaintiff's demand to be just. Mozley & W.

COGON Co*gon", n. [Sp., prob. fr. a native name.]

Defn: A tall, coarse grass (Imperata arundinacea) of the Philippine Islands and adjacent countries, used for thatching.

COGUARDIAN Co*guard"i*an, n.

Defn: A joint guardian.

COGUE Cogue, n. Etym: [Cf. Cog a small boat.]

Defn: A small wooden vessel; a pail. [Scot.] Jamieson.

COGWARE Cog"ware`, n.

Defn: A coarse, narrow cloth, like frieze, used by the lower classes in the sixteenth century. Halliwell.

COGWHEEL Cog"wheel`, n.

Defn: A wheel with cogs or teeth; a gear wheel. See Illust. of Gearing.

COHABIT Co*hab"it, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cohabited; p. pr. & vb. n. Cohabiting.] Etym: [L. cohabitare; co- + habitare to dwell, to have possession of (a place), freg. of habere to have. See Habit, n. & v.]

1. To inhabit or reside in company, or in the same place or country. The Philistines were worsted by the captived ark . . . : they were not able to cohabit with that holy thing. South.

2. To dwell or live together as husband and wife. The law presumes that husband and wife cohabit together, even after a voluntary separation has taken place between them. Bouvier.

Note: By the common law as existing in the United States, marriage is presumed when a man and woman cohabit permanently together, being reputed by those who know them to be husband and wife, and admitting the relationship. Wharton.

COHABITANT Co*hab"it*ant, n. Etym: [L. cohabitans, p. pr.]

Defn: One who dwells with another, or in the same place or country. No small number of the Danes became peaceable cohabitants with the Saxons in England. Sir W. Raleigh.

COHABITATION Co*hab"i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. cohabitatio.]

1. The act or state of dwelling together, or in the same place with another. Feltham.

2. (Law)

Defn: The living together of a man and woman in supposed sexual relationship. That the duty of cohabitation is released by the cruelty of one of the parties is admitted. Lord Stowell.

COHABITER Co*hab"it*er, n.

Defn: A cohabitant. Hobbes.

COHEIR Co*heir, n.

Defn: A joint heir; one of two or more heirs; one of several entitled to an inheritance.

COHEIRESS Co*heir"ess, n.

Defn: A female heir who inherits with other heiresses; a joint heiress.

COHEIRSHIP Co*heir"ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a coheir.

COHERALD Co*her"ald, n.

Defn: A joint herald.

COHERE Co*here", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cohered; p. pr. & vb. n. Cohering.] Etym: [L. cohaerere, cohaesum; co- + haerere to stick, adhere. See Aghast, a.]

1. To stick together; to cleave; to be united; to hold fast, as parts of the same mass. Neither knows he . . . how the solid parts of the body are united or cohere together. Locke.

2. To be united or connected together in subordination to one purpose; to follow naturally and logically, as the parts of a discourse, or as arguments in a train of reasoning; to be logically consistent. They have been inserted where they best seemed to cohere. Burke.

3. To suit; to agree; to fit. [Obs.] Had time cohered with place, or place with wishing. Shak.

Syn. — To cleave; unite; adhere; stick; suit; agree; fit; be consistent.

COHERENCE; COHERENCY Co*her"ence, Co*her"en*cy, n. Etym: [L. cohaerentia: cf. F. cohérence.]

1. A sticking or cleaving together; union of parts of the same body; cohesion.

2. Connection or dependence, proceeding from the subordination of the parts of a thing to one principle or purpose, as in the parts of a discourse, or of a system of philosophy; consecutiveness. Coherence of discourse, and a direct tendency of all the parts of it to the argument in hand, are most eminently to be found in him. Locke.

COHERENT Co*her"ent, a. Etym: [L. cohaerens, p. pr. See Cohere.]

1. Sticking together; cleaving; as the parts of bodies; solid or fluid. Arbuthnot.

2. Composed of mutually dependent parts; making a logical whole; consistent; as, a coherent plan, argument, or discourse.

3. Logically consistent; — applied to persons; as, a coherent thinker. Watts.

4. Suitable or suited; adapted; accordant. [Obs.] Instruct my daughter how she shall persever, That time and place, with this deceit so lawful, May prove coherent. Shak.

COHERENTLY Co*her"ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a coherent manner.

COHERER Co*her"er, n. (Elec.)

Defn: Any device in which an imperfectly conducting contact between pieces of metal or other conductors loosely resting against each other is materially improved in conductivity by the influence of Hertzian waves; — so called by Sir O. J. Lodge in 1894 on the assumption that the impact of the electic waves caused the loosely connected parts to cohere, or weld together, a condition easily destroyed by tapping. A common form of coherer as used in wireless telegraphy consists of a tube containing filings (usually a pinch of nickel and silver filings in equal parts) between terminal wires or plugs (called conductor plugs).

COHESIBILITY Co*he`si*bil"i*ty ( or ), n.

Defn: The state of being cohesible. Good.

COHESIBLE Co*he"si*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of cohesion.

COHESION Co*he"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cohésion. See Cohere.]

1. The act or state of sticking together; close union.

2. (Physics)

Defn: That from of attraction by which the particles of a body are united throughout the mass, whether like or unlike; — distinguished from adhesion, which unites bodies by their adjacent surfaces. Solids and fluids differ in the degree of cohesion, which, being increased, turns a fluid into a solid. Arbuthnot.

3. Logical agreement and dependence; as, the cohesion of ideas. Locke.

COHESIVE Co*he"sive, a.

1. Holding the particles of a homogeneous body together; as, cohesive attraction; producing cohesion; as, a cohesive force.

2. Cohering, or sticking together, as in a mass; capable of cohering; tending to cohere; as, cohesive clay. Cohesive attraction. See under Attraction. — Co*he"sive*ly, adv. — Co*he"sive*ness, n.

COHIBIT Co*hib"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cohibited; p. pr. & vb. n. Cohibiting.] Etym: [L. cohibitus, p. p. of cohibere to confine; co- + habere to hold.]

Defn: To restrain. [Obs.] Bailey.

COHIBITION Co`hi*bi"tion, n. Etym: [L. cohibitio.]

Defn: Hindrance; restraint. [Obs.]

COHOBATE Co`ho*bate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cohobated; p. pr. & vb. n. Cohobating.] Etym: [LL. cohobare; prob. of Arabic origin: cf. F. cohober.] (Anc. Chem.)

Defn: To repeat the distillation of, pouring the liquor back upon the matter remaining in the vessel. Arbuthnot.

COHOBATION Co`ho*ba"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. cohobation.] (Anc. Chem.)

Defn: The process of cohobating. Grew.

COHORN Co"horn, n. (Mil.)

Defn: See Coehorn.

COHORT Co"hort, n. Etym: [L. cohors, prop. an inclosure: cf. F. cohorte. See Court, n.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A body of about five or six hundred soldiers; the tenth part of a legion.

2. Any band or body of warriors. With him the cohort bright Of watchful cherubim. Milton.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A natural group of orders of plants, less comprehensive than a class.

COHOSH Co"hosh, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A perennial American herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), whose roostock is used in medicine; — also called pappoose root. The name is sometimes also given to the Cimicifuga racemosa, and to two species of Actæa, plants of the Crowfoot family.

COHUNE; COHUNE PALM Co*hune", n., or Cohune palm . [Prob. fr. a native name in Honduras.]

Defn: A Central and South American pinnate-leaved palm (Attalea cohune), the very large and hard nuts of which are turned to make fancy articles, and also yield an oil used as a substitute for coconut oil.

COIF Coif (koif), n. Etym: [OF. coife, F. coiffe, LL. cofea, cuphia, fr. OHG. kuppa, kuppha, miter, perh. fr. L. cupa tub. See Cup, n. ; but cf. also Cop, Cuff the article of dress, Quoif, n.]

Defn: A cap. Specifically: (a) A close-fitting cap covering the sides of the head, like a small hood without a cape. (b) An official headdress, such as that worn by certain judges in England. [Writting also quoif.] From point and saucy ermine down To the plain coif and russet gown. H. Brocke. The judges, . . . althout they are not of the first magnitude, nor need be of the degree of the coif, yet are they considerable. Bacon.

COIF Coif (koif), v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. coiffer.]

Defn: To cover or dress with, or as with, a coif. And coif me, where I'm bald, with flowers. J. G. Cooper.

COIFED Coifed (koift), a.

Defn: Wearing a coif.

COIFFEUR Coif`feur", n. [F.]

Defn: A hairdresser.

COIFFURE Coif"fure, n. Etym: [F., fr. coiffer. See Coif.]

Defn: A headdress, or manner of dressing the hair. Addison.

COIGN Coign, n.

Defn: A var. spelling of Coin, Quoin, a corner, wedge; — chiefly used in the phrase coign of vantage, a position advantageous for action or observation.

From some shielded nook or coign of vantage. The Century.

The lithosphere would be depressed on four faces; . . . the four projecting coigns would stand up as continents. Nature.

COIGNE Coigne (koin), n. Etym: [See Coin, n.]

Defn: A quoin. See you yound coigne of the Capitol yon corner stone Shak.

COIGNE; COIGNY Coigne, Coign"y, n.

Defn: The practice of quartering one's self as landlord on a tenant; a quartering of one's self on anybody. [Ireland] Spenser.

COIL Coil (koil), v.t. [imp. & p. p. Coiled (koild); p. pr. & vb. n. Coiling.] Etym: [OF. coillir, F. cueillir, to collect, gather together, L. coligere; col- + legere to gather. See Legend, and cf. Cull, v. t., Collect.]

1. To wind cylindrically or spirally; as, to coil a rope when not in use; the snake coiled itself before springing.

2. To encircle and hold with, or as with, coils. [Obs. or R.] T. Edwards.

COIL Coil, v. i.

Defn: To wind itself cylindrically or spirally; to form a coil; to wind; — often with about or around. You can see his flery serpents . . . Coiting, playing in the water. Longfellow.

COIL Coil, n.

1. A ring, series of rings, or spiral, into which a rope, or other like thing, is wound. The wild grapevines that twisted their coils from trec to tree. W. Irving.

2. Fig.: Entanglement; toil; mesh; perplexity.

3. A series of connected pipes in rows or layers, as in a steam heating apparatus. Induction coil. (Elec.) See under Induction. — Ruhmkorff's coil (Elec.), an induction coil, sometimes so called from Ruhmkorff (, a prominent manufacturer of the apparatus.

COIL Coil, n. Etym: [Of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. goil fume, rage.]

Defn: A noise, tumult, bustle, or confusion. [Obs.] Shak.