A A (named a in the English, and most commonly ä in other languages). (continued 4)

ADACT Ad*act", v. t. Etym: [L. adactus, p. p. of adigere.]

Defn: To compel; to drive. [Obs.] Fotherby.

ADACTYL; ADACTYLOUS A*dac"tyl, A*dac"tyl*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) Without fingers or without toes. (b) Without claws on the feet (of crustaceous animals).

ADAGE Ad"age, n. Etym: [F. adage, fr. L. adagium; ad + the root of L. aio I say.]

Defn: An old saying, which has obtained credit by long use; a proverb. Letting "I dare not" wait upon "I would," Like the poor cat i' the adage. Shak.

Syn. — Axiom; maxim; aphorism; proverb; saying; saw; apothegm. See Axiom.

ADAGIAL A*da"gi*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an adage; proverbial. "Adagial verse." Barrow.

ADAGIO A*da"gio, a. & adv. Etym: [It. adagio; ad (L. ad) at + agio convenience, leisure, ease. See Agio.] (Mus.)

Defn: Slow; slowly, leisurely, and gracefully. When repeated, adagio, adagio, it directs the movement to be very slow.

ADAGIO A*da"gio, n.

Defn: A piece of music in adagio time; a slow movement; as, an adagio of Haydn.

ADAM Ad"am, n.

1. The name given in the Bible to the first man, the progenitor of the human race.

2. (As a symbol)

Defn: "Original sin;" human frailty. And whipped the offending Adam out of him. Shak. Adam's ale, water. [Coll.] — Adam's apple.

1. (Bot.) (a) A species of banana (Musa paradisiaca). It attains a height of twenty feet or more. Paxton]. (b) A species of lime (Citris limetta).

2. The projection formed by the thyroid cartilage in the neck. It is particularly prominent in males, and is so called from a notion that it was caused by the forbidden fruit (an apple) sticking in the throat of our first parent. — Adam's flannel (Bot.), the mullein (Verbascum thapsus). — Adam's needle (Bot.), the popular name of a genus (Yucca) of liliaceous plants.

ADAMANT Ad"a*mant, n. Etym: [OE. adamaunt, adamant, diamond, magnet, OF. adamant, L. adamas, adamantis, the hardest metal, fr. Gr. adamare to love, be attached to, the word meant also magnet, as in OF. and LL. See Diamond, Tame.]

1. A stone imagined by some to be of impenetrable hardness; a name given to the diamond and other substance of extreme hardness; but in modern minerology it has no technical signification. It is now a rhetorical or poetical name for the embodiment of impenetrable hardness. Opposed the rocky orb Of tenfold adamant, his ample shield. Milton.

2. Lodestone; magnet. [Obs.] "A great adamant of acquaintance." Bacon. As true to thee as steel to adamant. Greene.

ADAMANTEAN Ad`a*man*te"an, a. Etym: [L. adamanteus.]

Defn: Of adamant; hard as adamant. Milton.

ADAMANTINE Ad`a*man"tine, a. Etym: [L. adamantinus, Gr.

1. Made of adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of being broken, dissolved, or penetrated; as, adamantine bonds or chains.

2. (Min.)

Defn: Like the diamond in hardness or luster.

ADAMBULACRAL Ad`am*bu*la"cral, a. Etym: [L. ad + E. ambulacral.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Next to the ambulacra; as, the adambulacral ossicles of the starfish.

ADAMIC; ADAMICAL A*dam"ic, A*dam"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Adam, or resembling him. Adamic earth, a name given to common red clay, from a notion that Adam means red earth.

ADAMITE Ad"am*ite, n. Etym: [From Adam.]

1. A descendant of Adam; a human being.

2. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect of visionaries, who, professing to imitate the state of Adam, discarded the use of dress in their assemblies.

ADAM'S APPLE Ad"am's ap"ple.

Defn: See under Adam.

ADANCE A*dance", adv.

Defn: Dancing. Lowell.

ADANGLE A*dan"gle, adv.

Defn: Dangling. Browning.

ADANSONIA Ad`an*so"ni*a, n. Etym: [From Adanson, a French botanist.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of great trees related to the Bombax. There are two species, A. digitata, the baobab or monkey-bread of Africa and India, and A. Gregorii, the sour gourd or cream-of-tartar tree of Australia. Both have a trunk of moderate height, but of enormous diameter, and a wide-spreading head. The fruit is oblong, and filled with pleasantly acid pulp. The wood is very soft, and the bark is used by the natives for making ropes and cloth. D. C. Eaton.

ADAPT A*dapt", a.

Defn: Fitted; suited. [Obs.] Swift.

ADAPT A*dapt", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adapted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adapting.] Etym: [L. adaptare; ad + aptare to fit; cf. F. adapter. See Apt, Adept.]

Defn: To make suitable; to fit, or suit; to adjust; to alter so as to fit for a new use; — sometimes followed by to or for. For nature, always in the right, To your decays adapts my sight. Swift. Appeals adapted to his [man's] whole nature. Angus. Streets ill adapted for the residence of wealthy persons. Macaulay.

ADAPTABILITY; ADAPTABLENESS A*dapt`a*bil"i*ty, A*dapt"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being adaptable; suitableness. "General adaptability for every purpose." Farrar.

ADAPTABLE A*dapt"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being adapted.

ADAPTATION Ad`ap*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. adaptation, LL. adaptatio.]

1. The act or process of adapting, or fitting; or the state of being adapted or fitted; fitness. "Adaptation of the means to the end." Erskine.

2. The result of adapting; an adapted form.

ADAPTATIVE A*dapt"a*tive, a.

Defn: Adaptive. Stubbs.

ADAPTEDNESS A*dapt"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being adapted; suitableness; special fitness.

ADAPTER A*dapt"er, n.

1. One who adapts.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A connecting tube; an adopter.

ADAPTION A*dap"tion, n.

Defn: Adaptation. Cheyne.

ADAPTIVE A*dapt"ive, a.

Defn: Suited, given, or tending, to adaptation; characterized by adaptation; capable of adapting. Coleridge. — A*dapt"ive*ly, adv.

ADAPTIVENESS A*dapt"ive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being adaptive; capacity to adapt.

ADAPTLY A*dapt"ly, adv.

Defn: In a suitable manner. [R.] Prior.

ADAPTNESS A*dapt"ness, n.

Defn: Adaptedness. [R.]

ADAPTORIAL Ad`ap*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Adaptive. [R.]

ADAR A"dar, n. Etym: [Heb. adär.]

Defn: The twelfth month of the Hebrew ecclesiastical year, and the sixth of the civil. It corresponded nearly with March.

ADARCE A*dar"ce, n. Etym: [L. adarce, adarca, Gr.

Defn: A saltish concretion on reeds and grass in marshy grounds in Galatia. It is soft and porous, and was formerly used for cleansing the skin from freckles and tetters, and also in leprosy. Dana.

ADATIS Ad"a*tis, n.

Defn: A fine cotton cloth of India.

ADAUNT A*daunt", v. t. Etym: [OE. adaunten to overpower, OF. adonter; à (L. ad) + donter, F. dompter. See Daunt.]

Defn: To daunt; to subdue; to mitigate. [Obs.] Skelton.

ADAW A*daw", v. t. Etym: [Cf. OE. adawe of dawe, AS. of dagum from days, i. e., from life, out of life.]

Defn: To subdue; to daunt. [Obs.] The sight whereof did greatly him adaw. Spenser.

ADAW A*daw", v. t. & i. Etym: [OE. adawen to wake; pref. a- (cf. Goth. us- , Ger. er-) + dawen, dagon, to dawn. See Daw.]

Defn: To awaken; to arouse. [Obs.] A man that waketh of his sleep He may not suddenly well taken keep Upon a thing, ne seen it parfitly Till that he be adawed verily. Chaucer.

ADAYS A*days", adv. Etym: [Pref. a- (for on) + day; the final s was orig. a genitive ending, afterwards forming adverbs.]

Defn: By day, or every day; in the daytime. [Obs.] Fielding.

AD CAPTANDUM Ad cap*tan"dum. Etym: [L., for catching.]

Defn: A phrase used adjectively sometimes of meretricious attempts to catch or win popular favor.

ADD Add, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Added; p. pr. & vb. n. Adding.] Etym: [L. addere; ad + dare to give, put. Cf. Date, Do.]

1. To give by way of increased possession (to any one); to bestow (on). The Lord shall add to me another son. Gen. xxx. 24.

2. To join or unite, as one thing to another, or as several particulars, so as to increase the number, augment the quantity, enlarge the magnitude, or so as to form into one aggregate. Hence: To sum up; to put together mentally; as, to add numbers; to add up a column. Back to thy punishment, False fugitive, and to thy speed add wings. Milton. As easily as he can add together the ideas of two days or two years. Locke.

3. To append, as a statement; to say further. He added that he would willingly consent to the entire abolition of the tax. Macaulay.

Syn. — To Add, Join, Annex, Unite, Coalesce. We add by bringing things together so as to form a whole. We join by putting one thing to another in close or continuos connection. We annex by attaching some adjunct to a larger body. We unite by bringing things together so that their parts adhere or intermingle. Things coalesce by coming together or mingling so as to form one organization. To add quantities; to join houses; to annex territory; to unite kingdoms; to make parties coalesce.

ADD Add, v. i.

1. To make an addition. To add to, to augment; to increase; as, it adds to our anxiety. "I will add to your yoke." 1 Kings xii. 14.

2. To perform the arithmetical operation of addition; as, he adds rapidly.

ADDABLE Add"a*ble, a. Etym: [Add, v. + -able.]

Defn: Addible.

ADDAX Ad"dax, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the largest African antelopes (Hippotragus, or Oryx, nasomaculatus).

Note: It is now believed to be the Strepsiceros (twisted horn) of the ancients. By some it is thought to be the pygarg of the Bible.

ADDEEM Ad*deem", v. t. Etym: [Pref. a- + deem.]

Defn: To award; to adjudge. [Obs.] "Unto him they did addeem the prise." Spenser.

ADDENDUM Ad*den"dum, n.; pl. Addenda. Etym: [L., fr. addere to add.]

Defn: A thing to be added; an appendix or addition. Addendum circle (Mech.), the circle which may be described around a circular spur wheel or gear wheel, touching the crests or tips of the teeth. Rankine.

ADDER Add"er, n. Etym: [See Add.]

Defn: One who, or that which, adds; esp., a machine for adding numbers.

ADDER Ad"der, n. Etym: [OE. addere, naddere, eddre, AS. nædre, adder, snake; akin to OS. nadra, OHG. natra, natara, Ger. natter, Goth. nadrs, Icel. nathr, masc., nathra, fem.: cf. W. neidr, Gorn. naddyr, Ir. nathair, L. natrix, water snake. An adder is for a nadder.]

1. A serpent. [Obs.] "The eddre seide to the woman." Wyclif. Gen. iii. 4. )

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A small venomous serpent of the genus Vipera. The common European adder is the Vipera (or Pelias) berus. The puff adders of Africa are species of Clotho. (b) In America, the term is commonly applied to several harmless snakes, as the milk adder, puffing adder, etc. (c) Same as Sea Adder.

Note: In the sculptures the appellation is given to several venomous serpents, — sometimes to the horned viper (Cerastles).

ADDER FLY Ad"der fly.

Defn: A dragon fly.

ADDER'S-TONGUE Ad"der's-tongue`, n. (Bot.) (a) A genus of ferns (Ophioglossum), whose seeds are produced on a spike resembling a serpent's tongue. (b) The yellow dogtooth violet. Gray.

ADDERWORT Ad"der*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The common bistort or snakeweed (Polygonum bistorta).

ADDIBILITY Add`i*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quantity of being addible; capability of addition. Locke.

ADDIBLE Add"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being added. "Addible numbers." Locke.

ADDICE Ad"dice, n.

Defn: See Adze. [Obs.] Moxon.

ADDICT Ad*dict", p. p.

Defn: Addicted; devoted. [Obs.]

ADDICT Ad*dict", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Addicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Addicting.] Etym: [L. addictus, p. p. of addicere to adjudge, devote; ad + dicere to say. See Diction.]

1. To apply habitually; to devote; to habituate; — with to. "They addict themselves to the civil law." Evelyn. He is addicted to his study. Beau. & Fl. That part of mankind that addict their minds to speculations. Adventurer. His genius addicted him to the study of antiquity. Fuller. A man gross . . . and addicted to low company. Macaulay.

2. To adapt; to make suitable; to fit. [Obs.] The land about is exceedingly addicted to wood, but the coldness of the place hinders the growth. Evelyn.

Syn. — Addict, Devote, Consecrate, Dedicate. Addict was formerly used in a good sense; as, addicted to letters; but is now mostly employed in a bad sense or an indifferent one; as, addicted to vice; addicted to sensual indulgence. "Addicted to staying at home." J. S. Mill. Devote is always taken in a good sense, expressing habitual earnestness in the pursuit of some favorite object; as, devoted to science. Consecrate and dedicate express devotion of a higher kind, involving religious sentiment; as, consecrated to the service of the church; dedicated to God.

ADDICTEDNESS Ad*dict"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being addicted; attachment.

ADDICTION Ad*dic"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. L. addictio an adjudging.]

Defn: The state of being addicted; devotion; inclination. "His addiction was to courses vain." Shak.

ADDISON'S DISEASE Ad"di*son's dis*ease". Etym: [Named from Thomas Addison, M. D., of London, who first described it.] (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition causing a peculiar brownish discoloration of the skin, and thought, at one time, to be due to disease of the suprarenal capsules (two flat triangular bodies covering the upper part of the kidneys), but now known not to be dependent upon this causes exclusively. It is usually fatal.

ADDITAMENT Ad*dit"a*ment, n. Etym: [L. additamentum, fr. additus, p. p. of addere to add.]

Defn: An addition, or a thing added. Fuller. My persuasion that the latter verses of the chapter were an additament of a later age. Coleridge.

ADDITION Ad*di"tion, n. Etym: [F. addition, L. additio, fr. addere to add.]

1. The act of adding two or more things together; — opposed to subtraction or diminution. "This endless addition or addibility of numbers." Locke.

2. Anything added; increase; augmentation; as, a piazza is an addition to a building.

3. (Math.)

Defn: That part of arithmetic which treats of adding numbers.

4. (Mus.)

Defn: A dot at the right side of a note as an indication that its sound is to be lengthened one half. [R.]

5. (Law)

Defn: A title annexed to a man's name, to identify him more precisely; as, John Doe, Esq.; Richard Roe, Gent.; Robert Dale, Mason; Thomas Way, of New York; a mark of distinction; a title.

6. (Her.)

Defn: Something added to a coat of arms, as a mark of honor; — opposed to abatement. Vector addition (Geom.), that kind of addition of two lines, or vectors, AB and BC, by which their sum is regarded as the line, or vector, AC.

Syn. — Increase; accession; augmentation; appendage; adjunct.

ADDITIONAL Ad*di"tion*al, a.

Defn: Added; supplemental; in the way of an addition.

ADDITIONAL Ad*di"tion*al, n.

Defn: Something added. [R.] Bacon.

ADDITIONALLY Ad*di"tion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of addition.

ADDITIONARY Ad*di"tion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Additional. [R.] Herbert.

ADDITITIOUS Ad`di*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. addititius, fr. addere.]

Defn: Additive. [R.] Sir J. Herschel.

ADDITIVE Ad"di*tive, a. Etym: [L. additivus.] (Math.)

Defn: Proper to be added; positive; — opposed to subtractive.

ADDITORY Ad"di*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to add; making some addition. [R.] Arbuthnot.

ADDLE Ad"dle, n. Etym: [OE. adel, AS. adela, mud.]

1. Liquid filth; mire. [Obs.]

2. Lees; dregs. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

ADDLE Ad"dle, a.

Defn: Having lost the power of development, and become rotten, as eggs; putrid. Hence: Unfruitful or confused, as brains; muddled. Dryden.

ADDLE Ad"dle, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Addled; p. pr. & vb. n. Addling.]

Defn: To make addle; to grow addle; to muddle; as, he addled his brain. "Their eggs were addled." Cowper.

ADDLE Ad"dle, v. t. & i. Etym: [OE. adlen, adilen, to gain, acquire; prob. fr. Icel. ö\'eblask to acquire property, akin to othal property. Cf. Allodial.]

1. To earn by labor. [Prov. Eng.] Forby.

2. To thrive or grow; to ripen. [Prov. Eng.] Kill ivy, else tree will addle no more. Tusser.

ADDLE-BRAIN; ADDLE-HEAD; ADDLE-PATE Ad"dle-brain`, Ad"dle-head`, Ad"dle-pate, n.

Defn: A foolish or dull-witted fellow. [Colloq.]

ADDLE-BRAINED; ADDLE-HEADED; ADDLE-PATED Ad"dle-brained`, Ad"dle-head`ed, Ad"dle-pa`ted, a.

Defn: Dull-witted; stupid. "The addle-brained Oberstein." Motley. Dull and addle-pated. Dryden.

ADDLE-PATEDNESS Ad"dle-pa`ted*ness, n.

Defn: Stupidity.

ADDLINGS Ad"dlings, n. pl. Etym: [See Addle, to earn.]

Defn: Earnings. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

ADDOOM Ad*doom", v. t. Etym: [Pref. a- + doom.]

Defn: To adjudge. [Obs.] Spenser.

ADDORSED Ad*dorsed", a. Etym: [L. ad + dorsum, back: cf. F. adossé.] (Her.)

Defn: Set or turned back to back.

ADDRESS Ad*dress", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Addressed; p. pr. & vb. n. Addressing.] Etym: [OE. adressen to raise erect, adorn, OF. adrecier, to straighten, address, F. adresser, fr. à (L. ad) + OF. drecier, F. dresser, to straighten, arrange. See Dress, v.]

1. To aim; to direct. [Obs.] Chaucer. And this good knight his way with me addrest. Spenser.

2. To prepare or make ready. [Obs.] His foe was soon addressed. Spenser. Turnus addressed his men to single fight. Dryden. The five foolish virgins addressed themselves at the noise of the bridegroom's coming. Jer. Taylor.

3. Reflexively: To prepare one's self; to apply one's skill or energies (to some object); to betake. These men addressed themselves to the task. Macaulay.

4. To clothe or array; to dress. [Archaic] Tecla . . . addressed herself in man's apparel. Jewel.

5. To direct, as words (to any one or any thing); to make, as a speech, petition, etc. (to any one, an audience). The young hero had addressed his players to him for his assistance. Dryden.

6. To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, petition, etc., to speak to; to accost. Are not your orders to address the senate Addison. The representatives of the nation addressed the king. Swift.

7. To direct in writing, as a letter; to superscribe, or to direct and transmit; as, he addressed a letter.

8. To make suit to as a lover; to court; to woo.

9. (Com.)

Defn: To consign or intrust to the care of another, as agent or factor; as, the ship was addressed to a merchant in Baltimore. To address one's self to. (a) To prepare one's self for; to apply one's self to. (b) To direct one's speech or discourse to.

ADDRESS Ad*dress", v. i.

1. To prepare one's self. [Obs.] "Let us address to tend on Hector's heels." Shak.

2. To direct speech. [Obs.] Young Turnus to the beauteous maid addrest. Dryden.

Note: The intransitive uses come from the dropping out of the reflexive pronoun.

ADDRESS Ad*dress, n. Etym: [Cf. F. adresse. See Address, v. t.]

1. Act of preparing one's self. [Obs.] Jer Taylor.

2. Act of addressing one's self to a person; verbal application.

3. A formal communication, either written or spoken; a discourse; a speech; a formal application to any one; a petition; a formal statement on some subject or special occasion; as, an address of thanks, an address to the voters.

4. Direction or superscription of a letter, or the name, title, and place of residence of the person addressed.

5. Manner of speaking to another; delivery; as, a man of pleasing or insinuating address.

6. Attention in the way one's addresses to a lady. Addison.

7. Skill; skillful management; dexterity; adroitness.

Syn. — Speech; discourse; harangue; oration; petition; lecture; readiness; ingenuity; tact; adroitness.

ADDRESSEE Ad`dress*ee", n.

Defn: One to whom anything is addressed.

ADDRESSION Ad*dres"sion, n.

Defn: The act of addressing or directing one's course. [Rare & Obs.] Chapman.

ADDUCE Ad*duce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adduced; p. pr. & vb. n. Adducing.] Etym: [L. adducere, adductum, to lead or bring to; ad + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Adduct.]

Defn: To bring forward or offer, as an argument, passage, or consideration which bears on a statement or case; to cite; to allege. Reasons . . . were adduced on both sides. Macaulay. Enough could not be adduced to satisfy the purpose of illustration. De Quincey.

Syn. — To present; allege; advance; cite; quote; assign; urge; name; mention.

ADDUCENT Ad*du"cent, a. Etym: [L. addunces, p. pr. of adducere.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Bringing together or towards a given point; — a word applied to those muscles of the body which pull one part towards another. Opposed to abducent.

ADDUCER Ad*du"cer, n.

Defn: One who adduces.

ADDUCIBLE Ad*du"ci*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being adduced. Proofs innumerable, and in every imaginable manner diversified, are adducible. I. Taylor.

ADDUCT Ad*duct", v. t. Etym: [L. adductus, p. p. of adducere. See Adduce.] (Physiol.)

Defn: To draw towards a common center or a middle line. Huxley.

ADDUCTION Ad*duc"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. adduction. See Adduce.]

1. The act of adducing or bringing forward. An adduction of facts gathered from various quarters. I. Taylor.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The action by which the parts of the body are drawn towards its axis]; — opposed to abduction. Dunglison.

ADDUCTIVE Ad*duc"tive, a.

Defn: Adducing, or bringing towards or to something.

ADDUCTOR Ad*duc"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. adducere.] (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle which draws a limb or part of the body toward the middle line of the body, or closes extended parts of the body; — opposed to abductor; as, the adductor of the eye, which turns the eye toward the nose. In the bivalve shells, the muscles which close the values of the shell are called adductor muscles. Verrill.

ADDULCE Ad*dulce", v. t. Etym: [Like F. adoucir; fr. L. ad. + dulcis sweet.]

Defn: To sweeten; to soothe. [Obs.] Bacon.

ADEEM A*deem", v. t. Etym: [L. adimere. See Ademption.] (Law)

Defn: To revoke, as a legacy, grant, etc., or to satisfy it by some other gift.

ADELANTADILLO A`de*lan`ta*dil"lo, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A Spanish red wine made of the first ripe grapes.

ADELANTADO A`de*lan*ta"do, n. Etym: [Sp., prop. p. of adelantar to advance, to promote.]

Defn: A governor of a province; a commander. Prescott.

ADELASTER Ad*e*las"ter, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A provisional name for a plant which has not had its flowers botanically examined, and therefore has not been referred to its proper genus.

ADELING Ad"el*ing, n.

Defn: Same as Atheling.

ADELOCODONIC A*del`o*co*don"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Applied to sexual zooids of hydroids, that have a saclike form and do not become free; — opposed to phanerocodonic.

ADELOPOD A*del"o*pod, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An animal having feet that are not apparent.

ADELPHIA A*del"phi*a, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A "brotherhood," or collection of stamens in a bundle; — used in composition, as in the class names, Monadelphia, Diadelphia, etc.

ADELPHOUS A*del"phous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having coalescent or clustered filaments; — said of stamens; as, adelphous stamens. Usually in composition; as, monadelphous. Gray.

ADEMPT A*dempt", p. p. Etym: [L. ademptus, p. p. of adimere to take away.]

Defn: Takes away. [Obs.] Without any sinister suspicion of anything being added or adempt. Latimn.

ADEMPTION A*demp"tion, n. Etym: [L. ademptio, fr. adimere, ademptum, to take away; ad + emere to buy, orig. to take.] (Law)

Defn: The revocation or taking away of a grant donation, legacy, or the like. Bouvier.

ADEN-; ADENO- Aden- or Adeno-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Combining forms of the Greek word for gland; — used in words relating to the structure, diseases, etc., of the glands.

ADENALGIA; ADENALGY Ad`e*nal"gi*a, Ad"e*nal`gy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: (Med.) Pain in a gland.

ADENIFORM A*den"i*form, a. Etym: [Aden- + -form.]

Defn: Shaped like a gland; adenoid. Dunglison.

ADENITIS Ad`e*ni"tis, n. Etym: [Aden- + -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Glandular inflammation. Dunglison.

ADENOGRAPHIC Ad`e*no*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to adenography.

ADENOGRAPHY Ad`e*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Adeno- + -graphy.]

Defn: That part of anatomy which describes the glands.

ADENOID; ADENOIDAL Ad"e*noid, Ad`e*noid"al a.

Defn: Glandlike; glandular.

ADENOLOGICAL Ad`e*no*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to adenology.

ADENOLOGY Ad`e*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Adeno- + -logy.]

Defn: The part of physiology that treats of the glands.

ADENOMA Ad`e*no"ma, n.; L. pl. -mata (#). [NL.; adeno- + -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A benign tumor of a glandlike structure; morbid enlargement of a gland. — Ad`e*nom"a*tous, a.

ADENOPATHY Ad"e*nop"a*thy, n. [Adeno- + Gr. suffering, to suffer.] (Med.)

Defn: Disease of a gland.

ADENOPHOROUS Ad`e*noph"o*rous, a. Etym: [Adeno- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Producing glands.

ADENOPHYLLOUS Ad`e*noph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Adeno- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having glands on the leaves.

ADENOSCLEROSIS Ad"e*no*scle*ro"sis, n. [NL.; adeno- + sclerosis.] (Med.)

Defn: The hardening of a gland.

ADENOSE Ad"e*nose`, a.

Defn: Like a gland; full of glands; glandulous; adenous.

ADENOTOMIC Ad`e*no*tom"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to adenotomy.

ADENOTOMY Ad`e*not"o*my, n. Etym: [Adeno- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Dissection of, or incision into, a gland or glands.

ADENOUS Ad"e*nous, a.

Defn: Same as Adenose.

ADEN ULCER A"den ul"cer. [So named after Aden, a seaport in Southern Arabia, where it occurs.] (Med.)

Defn: A disease endemic in various parts of tropical Asia, due to a specific microörganism which produces chronic ulcers on the limbs. It is often fatal. Called also Cochin China ulcer, Persian ulcer, tropical ulcer, etc.

ADEPS Ad"eps, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Animal fat; lard.

ADEPT A*dept", n. Etym: [L. adeptus obtained (sc. artem), adipsci to arrive ad + apisci to pursue. See Apt, and cf. Adapt.]

Defn: One fully skilled or well versed in anything; a proficient; as, adepts in philosophy.

ADEPT A*dept", a.

Defn: Well skilled; completely versed; thoroughly proficient. Beaus adept in everything profound. Cowper.

ADEPTION A*dep"tion, n. Etym: [L. adeptio. See Adept, a.]

Defn: An obtaining; attainment. [Obs.] In the wit and policy of the capitain consisteth the chief adeption of the victory. Grafton.

ADEPTIST A*dept"ist, n.

Defn: A skilled alchemist. [Obs.]

ADEPTNESS A*dept"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being adept; skill.

ADEQUACY Ad"e*qua*cy, n. Etym: [See Adequate.]

Defn: The state or quality of being adequate, proportionate, or sufficient; a sufficiency for a particular purpose; as, the adequacy of supply to the expenditure.

ADEQUATE Ad"e*quate, a. Etym: [L. adaequatus, p. p. of adaequare to make equal to; ad + aequare to make equal, aequus equal. See Equal.]

Defn: Equal to some requirement; proportionate, or correspondent; fully sufficient; as, powers adequate to a great work; an adequate definition. Ireland had no adequate champion. De Quincey.

Syn. — Proportionate; commensurate; sufficient; suitable; competent; capable.

ADEQUATE Ad"e*quate, v. t. Etym: [See Adequate, a.]

1. To equalize; to make adequate. [R.] Fotherby.

2. To equal. [Obs.] It [is] an impossibility for any creature to adequate God in his eternity. Shelford.

ADEQUATELY Ad"e*quate*ly, adv.

Defn: In an adequate manner.

ADEQUATENESS Ad"e*quate*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being adequate; suitableness; sufficiency; adequacy.

ADEQUATION Ad`e*qua"tion, n. Etym: [L. adaequatio.]

Defn: The act of equalizing; act or result of making adequate; an equivalent. [Obs.] Bp. Barlow.

ADESMY A*des"my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The division or defective coherence of an organ that is usually entire.

ADESSENARIAN Ad*es`se*na"ri*an, n. Etym: [Formed fr. L. adesse to be present; ad + esse to be.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One who held the real presence of Christ's body in the eucharist, but not by transubstantiation.

ADFECTED Ad*fect"ed, a. Etym: [L. adfectus or affectus. See Affect, v.] (Alg.)

Defn: See Affected, 5.

ADFILIATED Ad*fil"i*a`ted, a.

Defn: See Affiliated. [Obs.]

ADFILIATION Ad*fil`i*a"tion, n.

Defn: See Affiliation. [Obs.]

ADFLUXION Ad*flux"ion, n.

Defn: See Affluxion.

ADHAMANT Ad*ha"mant, a. Etym: [From L. adhamare to catch; ad + hamus hook.]

Defn: Clinging, as by hooks.

ADHERE Ad*here", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Adhered; p. pr. & vb. n. Adhering.] Etym: [L. adhaerere, adhaesum; ad + haerere to stick: cf. F. adhérer. See Aghast.]

1. To stick fast or cleave, as a glutinous substance does; to become joined or united; as, wax to the finger; the lungs sometimes adhere to the pleura.

2. To hold, be attached, or devoted; to remain fixed, either by personal union or conformity of faith, principle, or opinion; as, men adhere to a party, a cause, a leader, a church.

3. To be consistent or coherent; to be in accordance; to agree. "Nor time nor place did then adhere." Every thing adheres together." Shak.

Syn. — To attach; stick; cleave; cling; hold

ADHERENCE Ad*her"ence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. adhérence, LL. adhaerentia.]

1. The quality or state of adhering.

2. The state of being fixed in attachment; fidelity; steady attachment; adhesion; as, adherence to a party or to opinions.

Syn. — Adherence, Adhesion. These words, which were once freely interchanged, are now almost entirely separated. Adherence is no longer used to denote physical union, but is applied, to mental states or habits; as, a strict adherence to one's duty; close adherence to the argument, etc. Adhesion is now confined chiefly to the physical sense, except in the phrase "To give in one's adhesion to a cause or a party."

ADHERENCY Ad*her"en*cy, n.

1. The state or quality of being adherent; adherence. [R.]

2. That which adheres. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

ADHERENT Ad*her"ent, a. Etym: [L. adhaerens, -entis, p. pr.: cf. F. adhérent.]

1. Sticking; clinging; adhering. Pope.

2. Attached as an attribute or circumstance.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Congenitally united with an organ of another kind, as calyx with ovary, or stamens with petals.

ADHERENT Ad*her"ent, n.

1. One who adheres; one who adheres; one who follows a leader, party, or profession; a follower, or partisan; a believer in a particular faith or church.

2. That which adheres; an appendage. [R.] Milton.

Syn. — Follower; partisan; upholder; disciple; supporter; dependent; ally; backer.

ADHERENTLY Ad*her"ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In an adherent manner.

ADHERER Ad*her"er, n.

Defn: One who adheres; an adherent.

ADHESION Ad*he"sion, n. Etym: [L. adhaesio, fr. adhaerere: cf. F. adhésion.]

1. The action of sticking; the state of being attached; intimate union; as the adhesion of glue, or of parts united by growth, cement, or the like.

2. Adherence; steady or firm attachment; fidelity; as, to error, to a policy. His adhesion to the Tories was bounded by his approbation of their foreign policy. De Quincey.

3. Agreement to adhere; concurrence; assent. To that treaty Spain and England gave in their adhesion. Macaulay.

4. (Physics)

Defn: The molecular attraction exerted between bodies in contact. See Cohesion.

5. (Med.)

Defn: Union of surface, normally separate, by the formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory process.

6. (Bot.)

Defn: The union of parts which are separate in other plants, or in younger states of the same plant.

Syn. — Adherence; union. See Adherence.

ADHESIVE Ad*he"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. adhésif.]

1. Sticky; tenacious, as glutinous substances.

2. Apt or tending to adhere; clinging. Thomson. Adhesive attraction. (Physics) See Attraction. — Adhesive inflammation (Surg.), that kind of inflammation which terminates in the reunion of divided parts without suppuration. — Adhesive plaster, a sticking; a plaster containing resin, wax, litharge, and olive oil.

ADHESIVELY Ad*he"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In an adhesive manner.

ADHESIVENESS Ad*he"sive*ness, n.

1. The quality of sticking or adhering; stickiness; tenacity of union.

2. (Phren.)

Defn: Propensity to form and maintain attachments to persons, and to promote social intercourse.

ADHIBIT Ad*hib"it, v. t. Etym: [L. adhibitus, p. p. of adhibere to hold to; ad + habere to have.]

1. To admit, as a person or thing; to take in. Muirhead.

2. To use or apply; to administer. Camden.

3. To attach; to affix. Alison.

ADHIBITION Ad`hi*bi"tion, n. Etym: [L. adhibitio.]

Defn: The act of adhibiting; application; use. Whitaker.

AD HOMINEM Ad hom"i*nem. Etym: [L., to the man.]

Defn: ` phrase applied to an appeal or argument addressed to the principles, interests, or passions of a man.

ADHORT Ad*hort", v. t. Etym: [L. adhortari. See Adhortation.]

Defn: To exhort; to advise. [Obs.] Feltham.

ADHORTATION Ad`hor*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. adhortatio, fr. adhortari to advise; ad + hortari to exhort.]

Defn: Advice; exhortation. [Obs.] Peacham.

ADHORTATORY Ad*hor"ta*to*ry, a.

Defn: Containing counsel or warning; hortatory; advisory. [Obs.] Potter.

ADIABATIC Ad`i*a*bat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physics)

Defn: Not giving out or receiving heat. — Ad`i*a*bat`ic*al*ly, adv. Adiabatic line or curve, a curve exhibiting the variations of pressure and volume of a fluid when it expands without either receiving or giving out heat. Rankine.

ADIACTINIC Ad`i*ac*tin"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. a- not + diactinic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Not transmitting the actinic rays.

ADIANTUM Ad`i*an"tum, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of ferns, the leaves of which shed water; maidenhair. Also, the black maidenhair, a species of spleenwort.

ADIAPHORISM Ad`i*aph"o*rism, n.

Defn: Religious indifference.

ADIAPHORIST Ad`i*aph"o*rist, n. Etym: [See Adiaphorous.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of the German Protestants who, with Melanchthon, held some opinions and ceremonies to be indifferent or nonessential, which Luther condemned as sinful or heretical. Murdock.

ADIAPHORISTIC Ad`i*aph`o*ris"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to matters indifferent in faith and practice. Shipley.

ADIAPHORITE Ad`i*aph"o*rite, n.

Defn: Same as Adiaphorist.

ADIAPHOROUS Ad`i*aph"o*rous, a. Etym: [Gr.

1. Indifferent or neutral. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Incapable of doing either harm or good, as some medicines. Dunglison.

ADIAPHORY Ad`i*aph"o*ry, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Indifference. [Obs.]

ADIATHERMIC Ad`i*a*ther"mic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Not pervious to heat.

ADIEU A*dieu", interj. & adv. Etym: [OE. also adew, adewe, adue, F. dieu, fr. L. ad to + deus God.]

Defn: Good-by; farewell; an expression of kind wishes at parting.

ADIEU A*dieu", n.; pl. Adieus.

Defn: A farewell; commendation to the care of God at parting. Shak.

ADIGHT A*dight", v. t. [p. p. Adight.] Etym: [Pref. a- (intensive) + OE. dihten. See Dight.]

Defn: To set in order; to array; to attire; to deck, to dress. [Obs.]

AD INFINITUM Ad in`fi*ni"tum. Etym: [L., to infinity.]

Defn: Without limit; endlessly.

AD INTERIM Ad in"ter*imEtym: [L.]

Defn: Meanwhile; temporary.

ADIOS A`dios", interj. [Sp., fr. L. ad to + deus god. Cf. Adieu.]

Defn: Adieu; farewell; good-by; — chiefly used among Spanish- speaking people.

This word is often pronounced å*de"os, but the Spanish accent, though weak, is on the final syllable.

ADIPESCENT Ad`i*pes"cent, a. Etym: [L. adeps, adipis, fat + -escent.]

Defn: Becoming fatty.

ADIPIC A*dip"ic, a. Etym: [L. adeps, adipis, fat.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, fatty or oily substances; — applied to certain acids obtained from fats by the action of nitric acid.

ADIPOCERATE Ad`i*poc"er*ate, v. t.

Defn: To convert adipocere.

ADIPOCERATION Ad`i*poc`er*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of changing into adipocere.

ADIPOCERE Ad"i*po*cere`, n. Etym: [L. adeps, adipis, fat + cera wax: cf. F. adipocere.]

Defn: A soft, unctuous, or waxy substance, of a light brown color, into which the fat and muscle tissue of dead bodies sometimes are converted, by long immersion in water or by burial in moist places. It is a result of fatty degeneration.

ADIPOCERIFORM Ad`i*po*cer"i*form, a. Etym: [Adipocere + -form.]

Defn: Having the form or appearance of adipocere; as, an adipoceriform tumor.

ADIPOCEROUS Ad`i*poc"er*ous, a.

Defn: Like adipocere.

ADIPOGENOUS Ad`i*pog"e*nous, a. [See Adipose; -genous.] (Med.)

Defn: Producing fat.

ADIPOLYSIS Ad`i*pol"y*sis, n. [NL.; L. adeps, adipis, fat + Gr. a loosing.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The digestion of fats.

ADIPOLYTIC Ad`i*po*lyt"ic, a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat + Gr. to loose.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hydrolyzing fats; converting neutral fats into glycerin and free fatty acids, esp. by the action of an enzyme; as, adipolytic action.

ADIPOMA Ad`i*po"ma, n.; L. pl. -mata (#). [NL. See Adipose; -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A mass of fat found internally; also, a fatty tumor. — Ad`i*pom"a*tous, a.

ADIPOSE Ad"i*pose`, a. Etym: [L. adeps, adipis, fat, grease.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to animal fat; fatty. Adipose fin (Zoöl.), a soft boneless fin. — Adipose tissue (Anat.), that form of animal tissue which forms or contains fat.

ADIPOSENESS; ADIPOSITY Ad"i*pose`ness, Ad`i*pos"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being fat; fatness.

ADIPOUS Ad"i*pous, a.

Defn: Fatty; adipose. [R.]

ADIPSOUS A*dip"sous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Quenching thirst, as certain fruits.

ADIPSY Ad"ip*sy, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Absence of thirst.

ADIT Ad"it, n. Etym: [L. aditus, fr. adire, , to go to; ad + ire to go.]

1. An entrance or passage. Specifically: The nearly horizontal opening by which a mine is entered, or by which water and ores are carried away; — called also drift and tunnel.

2. Admission; approach; access. [R.] Yourself and yours shall have Free adit. Tennyson.

ADJACENCE; ADJACENCY Ad"ja"cence, Ad*ja"cen*cy,Etym: [Cf. LL. adjacentia.]

1. The state of being adjacent or contiguous; contiguity; as, the adjacency of lands or buildings.

2. That which is adjacent.[R.] Sir T. Browne.

ADJACENT Ad*ja"cent, a. Etym: [L. adjacens, -centis, p. pr. of adjacere to lie near; ad + jac to lie: cf. F. adjacent.]

Defn: Lying near, close, or contiguous; neighboring; bordering on; as, a field adjacent to the highway. "The adjacent forest." B. Jonson. Adjacent or contiguous angle. (Geom.) See Angle.

Syn. — Adjoining; contiguous; near. — Adjacent, Adjoining, Contiguous. Things are adjacent when they lie close each other, not necessary in actual contact; as, adjacent fields, adjacent villages, etc. I find that all Europe with her adjacent isles is peopled with Christians. Howell. Things are adjoining when they meet at some line or point of junction; as, adjoining farms, an adjoining highway. What is spoken of as contiguous should touch with some extent of one side or the whole of it; as, a row of contiguous buildings; a wood contiguous to a plain.

ADJACENT Ad*ja"cent, n.

Defn: That which is adjacent. [R.] Locke.

ADJACENTLY Ad*ja"cent*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to be adjacent.

ADJECT Ad*ject", v. t. Etym: [L. adjectus, p. p. of adjicere to throw to, to add to; ad + ac to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.]

Defn: To add or annex; to join. Leland.

ADJECTION Ad*jec"tion, n. Etym: [L. adjectio, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjection. See Adject.]

Defn: The act or mode of adding; also, the thing added. [R.] B. Jonson.

ADJECTIONAL Ad*jec"tion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to adjection; that is, or may be, annexed. [R.] Earle.

ADJECTITIOUS Ad`jec*ti"tious, Etym: [L. adjectitius.]

Defn: Added; additional. Parkhurst.

ADJECTIVAL Ad`jec*ti"val, a.

Defn: Of or relating to the relating to the adjective; of the nature of an adjective; adjective. W. Taylor (1797)

ADJECTIVALLY Ad`jec*ti"val*ly, adv.

Defn: As, or in the manner of, an adjective; adjectively.

ADJECTIVE Ad"jec*tive, a. Etym: [See Adjective, n.]

1. Added to a substantive as an attribute; of the nature of an adjunct; as, an word sentence.

2. Not standing by itself; dependent. Adjective color, a color which requires to be fixed by some mordant or base to give it permanency.

3. Relating to procedure. "The whole English law, substantive and adjective." Macaulay.

ADJECTIVE Ad"jec*tive, n. Etym: [L. adjectivum (sc. nomen), neut. of adjectivus that is added, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjectif. See Adject.]

1. (Gram.)

Defn: A word used with a noun, or substantive, to express a quality of the thing named, or something attributed to it, or to limit or define it, or to specify or describe a thing, as distinct from something else. Thus, in phrase, "a wise ruler," wise is the adjective, expressing a property of ruler.

2. A dependent; an accessory. Fuller.

ADJECTIVE Ad"jec*tive, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjectived; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjectiving.]

Defn: To make an adjective of; to form or change into an adjective. [R.] Language has as much occasion to adjective the distinct signification of the verb, and to adjective also the mood, as it has to adjective time. It has . . . adjectived all three. Tooke.

ADJECTIVELY Ad"jec*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of an adjective; as, a word used adjectively.

ADJOIN Ad*join", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjoined; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjoining.] Etym: [OE. ajoinen, OF. ajoindre, F. adjoindre, fr. L. adjungere; ad + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Adjunct.]

Defn: To join or unite to; to lie contiguous to; to be in contact with; to attach; to append. Corrections . . . should be, as remarks, adjoined by way of note. Watts.

ADJOIN Ad*join", v. i.

1. To lie or be next, or in contact; to be contiguous; as, the houses adjoin. When one man's land adjoins to another's. Blackstone.

Note: The construction with to, on, or with is obsolete or obsolescent.

2. To join one's self. [Obs.] She lightly unto him adjoined side to side. Spenser.

ADJOINANT Ad*join"ant, a.

Defn: Contiguous. [Obs.] Carew.

ADJOINING Ad*join"ing, a.

Defn: Joining to; contiguous; adjacent; as, an adjoining room. "The adjoining fane." Dryden. Upon the hills adjoining to the city. Shak.

Syn. — Adjacent; contiguous; near; neighboring; abutting; bordering. See Adjacent.

ADJOINT Ad"joint, n.

Defn: An adjunct; a helper. [Obs.]

ADJOURN Ad*journ, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjourned; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjourning.] Etym: [OE. ajornen, OF. ajoiner, ajurner, F. ajourner; OF. a (L. ad) + jor, jur, jorn, F. jour, day, fr. L. diurnus belonging to the day, fr. dies day. Cf. Journal, Journey.]

Defn: To put off or defer to another day, or indefinitely; to postpone; to close or suspend for the day; — commonly said of the meeting, or the action, of convened body; as, to adjourn the meeting; to adjourn a debate. It is a common practice to adjourn the reformation of their lives to a further time. Barrow. 'Tis a needful fitness That we adjourn this court till further day. Shak.

Syn. — To delay; defer; postpone; put off; suspend. — To Adjourn, Prorogue, Dissolve. These words are used in respect to public bodies when they lay aside business and separate. Adjourn, both in Great Britain and this country, is applied to all cases in which such bodies separate for a brief period, with a view to meet again. Prorogue is applied in Great Britain to that act of the executive government, as the sovereign, which brings a session of Parliament to a close. The word is not used in this country, but a legislative body is said, in such a case, to adjourn sine die. To dissolve is to annul the corporate existence of a body. In order to exist again the body must be reconstituted.

ADJOURN Ad*journ", v. i.

Defn: To suspend business for a time, as from one day to another, or for a longer period, or indefinitely; usually, to suspend public business, as of legislatures and courts, or other convened bodies; as, congress adjourned at four o'clock; the court adjourned without day.

ADJOURNAL Ad*journ"al, n.

Defn: Adjournment; postponement. [R.] "An adjournal of the Diet." Sir W. Scott.

ADJOURNMENT Ad*journ"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. f. adjournement, OF. ajornement. See Adjourn.]

1. The act of adjourning; the putting off till another day or time specified, or without day.

2. The time or interval during which a public body adjourns its sittings or postpones business.

ADJUDGE Ad*judge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudged; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjudging.] Etym: [OE. ajugen, OF. ajugier, fr. L. adjudicare; ad + judicare to judge. See Judge, and cf. Adjudicate.]

1. To award judicially in the case of a controverted question; as, the prize was adjudged to the victor.

2. To determine in the exercise of judicial power; to decide or award judicially; to adjudicate; as, the case was adjudged in the November term.

3. To sentence; to condemn. Without reprieve, adjudged to death For want of well pronouncing Shibboleth. Milton.

4. To regard or hold; to judge; to deem. He adjudged him unworthy of his friendship. Knolles.

Syn. — To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; ordain; assign.

ADJUDGER Ad*judg"er, n.

Defn: One who adjudges.

ADJUDGMENT Ad*judg"ment, n.

Defn: The act of adjudging; judicial decision; adjudication. Sir W. Temple.

ADJUDICATE Ad*ju"di*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudicated; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjudicating] Etym: [L. adjudicatus, p. p. of adjudicare. See Adjudge.]

Defn: To adjudge; to try and determine, as a court; to settle by judicial decree.

ADJUDICATE Ad*ju"di*cate, v. i.

Defn: To come to a judicial decision; as, the court adjudicated upon the case.

ADJUDICATION Ad*ju`di*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. adjudicatio: cf. F. adjudication.]

1. The act of adjudicating; the act or process of trying and determining judicially.

2. A deliberate determination by the judicial power; a judicial decision or sentence. "An adjudication in favor of natural rights." Burke.

3. (Bankruptcy practice)

Defn: The decision upon the question whether the debtor is a bankrupt. Abbott.

4. (Scots Law)

Defn: A process by which land is attached security or in satisfaction of a debt.

ADJUDICATIVE Ad*ju"di*ca*tive, a.

Defn: Adjudicating.

ADJUDICATOR Ad*ju"di*ca`tor, n.

Defn: One who adjudicates.

ADJUDICATURE Ad*ju"di*ca*ture, n.

Defn: Adjudication.

ADJUGATE Ad"ju*gate, v. t. Etym: [L. adjugatus, p. p. of adjugare; ad + jugum a yoke.]

Defn: To yoke to. [Obs.]

ADJUMENT Ad"ju*ment, n. Etym: [L. adjumentum, for adjuvamentum, fr. adjuvare to help; ad + juvare to help.]

Defn: Help; support; also, a helper. [Obs.] Waterhouse.

ADJUNCT Ad"junct`, a. Etym: [L. adjunctus, p. p. of adjungere. See Adjoin.]

Defn: Conjoined; attending; consequent. Though that my death were adjunct to my act. Shak. Adjunct notes (Mus.), short notes between those essential to the harmony; auxiliary notes; passing notes.

ADJUNCT Ad"junct`, n.

1. Something joined or added to another thing, but not essentially a part of it. Learning is but an adjunct to our self. Shak.

2. A person joined to another in some duty or service; a colleague; an associate. Wotton.

3. (Gram.)

Defn: A word or words added to quality or amplify the force of other words; as, the History of the American Revolution, where the words in italics are the adjunct or adjuncts of "History."

4. (Metaph.)

Defn: A quality or property of the body or the mind, whether natural or acquired; as, color, in the body, judgment in the mind.

5. (Mus.)

Defn: A key or scale closely related to another as principal; a relative or attendant key. [R.] See Attendant keys, under Attendant, a.

ADJUNCTION Ad*junc"tion, n. Etym: [L. adjunctio, fr. adjungere: cf. F. adjonction, and see Adjunct.]

Defn: The act of joining; the thing joined or added.

ADJUNCTIVE Ad*junc"tive, a. Etym: [L. adjunctivus, fr. adjungere. See Adjunct.]

Defn: Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an adjunct.

ADJUNCTIVE Ad*junc"tive, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, is joined.

ADJUNCTIVELY Ad*junc"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In an adjunctive manner.

ADJUNCTLY Ad*junct"ly, adv.

Defn: By way of addition or adjunct; in connection with.

ADJURATION Ad`ju*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. adjuratio, fr. adjurare: cf. F. adjuration. See Adjure.]

1. The act of adjuring; a solemn charging on oath, or under the penalty of a curse; an earnest appeal. What an accusation could not effect, an adjuration shall. Bp. Hall.

2. The form of oath or appeal. Persons who . . . made use of prayer and adjurations. Addison.

ADJURATORY Ad*ju"ra*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. adjuratorius.]

Defn: Containing an adjuration.

ADJURE Ad*jure", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjured; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjuring]. Etym: [L. adjurare, adjurdium, to swear to; later, to adjure: cf. F. adjurer. See Jury.]

Defn: To charge, bind, or command, solemnly, as if under oath, or under the penalty of a curse; to appeal to in the most solemn or impressive manner; to entreat earnestly. Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man before the Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city Jericho. Josh. vi. 26. The high priest . . . said . . . I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ. Matt. xxvi. 63. The commissioners adjured them not to let pass so favorable an opportunity of securing their liberties. Marshall.

ADJURER Ad*jur"er, n.

Defn: One who adjures.

ADJUST Ad*just", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adjusting.] Etym: [OF. ajuster, ajoster (whence F. ajouter to add), LL. adjuxtare to fit; fr. L. ad + juxta near; confused later with L. ad and justus just, right, whence F. ajuster to adjust. See Just, v. t. and cf. Adjute.]

1. To make exact; to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to bring into proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the body, or things to a standard.

2. To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to system. Adjusting the orthography. Johnson.

3. To settle or bring to a satisfactory state, so that parties are agreed in the result; as, to adjust accounts; the differences are adjusted.

4. To bring to a true relative position, as the parts of an instrument; to regulate for use; as, to adjust a telescope or microscope.

Syn. — To adapt; suit; arrange; regulate; accommodate; set right; rectify; settle.

ADJUSTABLE Ad*just"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being adjusted.

ADJUSTAGE Ad*just"age, n. Etym: [Cf. Ajutage.]

Defn: Adjustment. [R.]

ADJUSTER Ad*just"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, adjusts.

ADJUSTING PLANE; ADJUSTING SURFACE Adjusting plane or surface. (Aëronautics)

Defn: A small plane or surface, usually capable of adjustment but not of manipulation, for preserving lateral balance in an aëroplane or flying machine.

ADJUSTIVE Ad*just"ive, a.

Defn: Tending to adjust. [R.]

ADJUSTMENT Ad*just"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ajustement. See Adjust.]

1. The act of adjusting, or condition of being adjusted; act of bringing into proper relations; regulation. Success depends on the nicest and minutest adjustment of the parts concerned. Paley.

2. (Law)

Defn: Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of conflicting claims, as in set-off, contribution, exoneration, subrogation, and marshaling. Bispham.

3. The operation of bringing all the parts of an instrument, as a microscope or telescope, into their proper relative position for use; the condition of being thus adjusted; as, to get a good adjustment; to be in or out of adjustment.

Syn. — Suiting; fitting; arrangement; regulation; settlement; adaptation; disposition.

ADJUTAGE Ad"ju*tage, n.

Defn: Same as Ajutage.

ADJUTANCY Ad"ju*tan*cy, n. Etym: [See Adjutant.]

1. The office of an adjutant.

2. Skillful arrangement in aid; assistance. It was, no doubt, disposed with all the adjutancy of definition and division. Burke.

ADJUTANT Ad"ju*tant, n. Etym: [L. adjutans, p. pr. of adjutare to help. See Aid.]

1. A helper; an assistant.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: A regimental staff officer, who assists the colonel, or commanding officer of a garrison or regiment, in the details of regimental and garrison duty. Adjutant general (a) (Mil.), the principal staff officer of an army, through whom the commanding general receives communications and issues military orders. In the U. S. army he is brigadier general. (b) (Among the Jesuits), one of a select number of fathers, who resided with the general of the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned to his care.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of very large stork (Ciconia argala), a native of India; — called also the gigantic crane, and by the native name argala. It is noted for its serpent-destroying habits.

ADJUTATOR Ad"ju*ta`tor, n. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: A corruption of Agitator.

ADJUTE Ad*jute", v. t. Etym: [F. ajouter; confused with L. adjutare.]

Defn: To add. [Obs.]

ADJUTOR Ad*ju"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. adjuvare. See Aid.]

Defn: A helper or assistant. [Archaic] Drayton.

ADJUTORY Ad*ju"to*ry, a. Etym: [L. adjutorius.]

Defn: Serving to help or assist; helping. [Obs.]

ADJUTRIX Ad*ju"trix, n. Etym: [L. See Adjutor.]

Defn: A female helper or assistant. [R.]

ADJUVANT Ad"ju*vant, a. Etym: [L. adjuvans, p. pr. of adjuvare to aid: cf. F. adjuvant. See Aid.]

Defn: Helping; helpful; assisting. [R.] "Adjuvant causes." Howell.

ADJUVANT Ad"ju*vant, n.

1. An assistant. [R.] Yelverton.

2. (Med.)

Defn: An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient.

ADLEGATION Ad`le*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. adlegatio, allegatio, a sending away; fr. adlegare, allegare, to send away with a commission; ad in addition + legare to send as ambassador. Cf. Allegation.]

Defn: A right formerly claimed by the states of the German Empire of joining their own ministers with those of the emperor in public treaties and negotiations to the common interest of the empire. Encyc. Brit.

AD LIBITUM Ad lib"i*tum

Defn: . At one's pleasure; as one wishes.

ADLOCUTION Ad`lo*cu"tion, n.

Defn: See Allocution. [Obs.]

ADMARGINATE Ad*mar"gin*ate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. ad- + margin.]

Defn: To write in the margin. [R.] Coleridge.

ADMAXILLARY Ad*max"il*la*ry, a. Etym: [Pref. ad- + maxillary.] (Anat.)

Defn: Near to the maxilla or jawbone.

ADMEASURE Ad*meas"ure, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. amesurer, LL. admensurare. See Measure.]

1. To measure.

2. (Law)

Defn: To determine the proper share of, or the proper apportionment; as, to admeasure dower; to admeasure common of pasture. Blackstone.

2. The measure of a thing; dimensions; size.

3. (Law)

Defn: Formerly, the adjustment of proportion, or ascertainment of shares, as of dower or pasture held in common. This was by writ of admeasurement, directed to the sheriff.

ADMEASURER Ad*meas"ur*er, n.

Defn: One who admeasures.

ADMENSURATION Ad*men`su*ra"tion, n. Etym: [LL. admensuratio; L. ad + mensurare to measure. See Mensuration.]

Defn: Same as Admeasurement.

ADMINICLE Ad*min"i*cle, n. Etym: [L. adminculum support, orig., that on which the hand rests; ad + manus hand + dim. ending -culym.]

1. Help or support; an auxiliary. Grote.

2. (Law)

Defn: Corroborative or explanatory proof.

Note: In Scots law, any writing tending to establish the existence or terms of a lost deed. Bell.

ADMINICULAR Ad`mi*nic"u*lar, a.

Defn: Supplying help; auxiliary; corroborative; explanatory; as, adminicular evidence. H. Spencer.

ADMINICULARY Ad`mi*nic"u*la*ry, a.

Defn: Adminicular.

ADMINISTER Ad*min"is*ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Administered; p. pr. & vb. n. Administering.] Etym: [OE. aministren, OF. aministrer, F. administer, fr. L. administrare; ad + ministrare to serve. See Minister.]

1. To manage or conduct, as public affairs; to direct or superintend the execution, application, or conduct of; as, to administer the government or the state. For forms of government let fools contest: Whate'er is best administered is best. Pope.

2. To dispense; to serve out; to supply; execute; as, to administer relief, to administer the sacrament. [Let zephyrs] administer their tepid, genial airs. Philips. Justice was administered with an exactness and purity not before known. Macaulay.

3. To apply, as medicine or a remedy; to give, as a dose or something beneficial or suitable. Extended to a blow, a reproof, etc. A noxious drug had been administered to him. Macaulay.

4. To tender, as an oath. Swear . . . to keep the oath that we administer. Shak.

5. (Law)

Defn: To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a will, or whose will fails of an executor.

Syn. — To manage; conduct; minister; supply; dispense; give out; distribute; furnish.

ADMINISTER Ad*min"is*ter, v. i.

1. To contribute; to bring aid or supplies; to conduce; to minister. A fountain . . . administers to the pleasure as well as the plenty of the place. Spectator.

2. (Law)

Defn: To perform the office of administrator; to act officially; as, A administers upon the estate of B.

ADMINISTER Ad*min"is*ter, n.

Defn: Administrator. [Obs.] Bacon.

ADMINISTERIAL Ad*min`is*te"ri*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to administration, or to the executive part of government.

ADMINISTRABLE Ad*min"is*tra*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being administered; as, an administrable law.

ADMINISTRANT Ad*min"is*trant, a. Etym: [F., p. pr. of administrer. See Administer.]

Defn: Executive; acting; managing affairs. — n.

Defn: One who administers.

ADMINISTRATE Ad*min"is*trate, v. t. Etym: [L. administratus, p. p. of administrare.]

Defn: To administer. [R.] Milman.

ADMINISTRATION Ad*min`is*tra"tion, n. Etym: [OE. administracioun, L. administratio: cf. F. administration.]

1. The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction; management. His financial administration was of a piece with his military administration. Macaulay.

2. The executive part of government; the persons collectively who are intrusted with the execution of laws and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or ministry, alone, as in Great Britain. A mild and popular administration. Macaulay. The administration has been opposed in parliament. Johnson.

3. The act of administering, or tendering something to another; dispensation; as, the administration of a medicine, of an oath, of justice, or of the sacrament.

4. (Law) (a) The management and disposal, under legal authority, of the estate of an intestate, or of a testator having no competent executor. (b) The management of an estate of a deceased person by an executor, the strictly corresponding term execution not being in use. Administration with the will annexed, administration granted where the testator has appointed no executor, or where his appointment of an executor for any cause has failed, as by death, incompetency, refusal to act, etc.

Syn. — Conduct; management; direction; regulation; execution; dispensation; distribution.

ADMINISTRATIVE Ad*min"is*tra`tive, a. Etym: [L. administrativus: cf. F. administratif.]

Defn: Pertaining to administration; administering; executive; as, an administrative body, ability, or energy. — Ad*min"is*tra`tive*ly, adv.

ADMINISTRATOR Ad*min`is*tra"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

1. One who administers affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses, whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical affairs; a manager.

2. (Law)

Defn: A man who manages or settles the estate of an intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent executor; one to whom the right of administration has been committed by competent authority.

ADMINISTRATORSHIP Ad*min`is*tra"tor*ship, n.

Defn: The position or office of an administrator.

ADMINISTRATRIX Ad*min`is*tra"trix, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A woman who administers; esp., one who administers the estate of an intestate, or to whom letters of administration have been granted; a female administrator.

ADMIRABILITY Ad`mi*ra*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. admirabilitac.]

Defn: Admirableness. [R.] Johnson.

ADMIRABLE Ad"mi*ra*ble, a. Etym: [L. admirabilis: cf. F. admirable.]

1. Fitted to excite wonder; wonderful; marvelous. [Obs.] In man there is nothing admirable but his ignorance and weakness. Jer. Taylor.

2. Having qualities to excite wonder united with approbation; deserving the highest praise; most excellent; — used of persons or things. "An admirable machine." "Admirable fortitude." Macaulay.

Syn. — Wonderful; marvelous; surprising; excellent; delightful; praiseworthy.

ADMIRABLENESS Ad"mi*ra*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being admirable; wonderful excellence.

ADMIRABLY Ad"mi*ra*bly, adv.

Defn: In an admirable manner.

ADMIRAL Ad"mi*ral, n. Etym: [OE. amiral, admiral, OF. amiral, ultimately fr. Ar. amir-al-bahr commander of the sea; Ar. amir is commander, al is the Ar. article, and amir-al, heard in different titles, was taken as one word. Early forms of the word show confusion with L. admirabilis admirable, fr. admirari to admire. It is said to have been introduced into Europe by the Genoese or Venetians, in the 12th or 13th century. Cf. Ameer, Emir.]

1. A naval officer of the highest rank; a naval officer of high rank, of which there are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are admiral, vice admiral, and rear admiral. The admiral is the commander in chief of a fleet or of fleets.

2. The ship which carries the admiral; also, the most considerable ship of a fleet. Like some mighty admiral, dark and terrible, bearing down upon his antagonist with all his canvas straining to the wind, and all his thunders roaring from his broadsides. E. Everett.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A handsome butterfly (Pyrameis Atalanta) of Europe and America. The larva feeds on nettles. Admiral shell (Zoöl.), the popular name of an ornamental cone shell (Conus admiralis). Lord High Admiral, a great officer of state, who (when this rare dignity is conferred) is at the head of the naval administration of Great Britain.

ADMIRALSHIP Ad"mi*ral*ship, n.

Defn: The office or position oaf an admiral; also, the naval skill of an admiral.

ADMIRALTY Ad"mi*ral*ty, n.; pl. Admiralties. Etym: [F. amirauté, for an older amiralté, office of admiral, fr. LL. admiralitas. See Admiral.]

1. The office or jurisdiction of an admiral. Prescott.

2. The department or officers having authority over naval affairs generally.

3. The court which has jurisdiction of maritime questions and offenses.

Note: In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly vested in the High Court of Admiralty, which was held before the Lord High Admiral, or his deputy, styled the Judge of the Admiralty; but admiralty jurisdiction is now vested in the probate, divorce, and admiralty division of the High Justice. In America, there are no admiralty courts distinct from others, but admiralty jurisdiction is vested in the district courts of the United States, subject to revision by the circuit courts and the Supreme Court of the United States. Admiralty jurisprudence has cognizance of maritime contracts and torts, collisions at sea, cases of prize in war, etc., and in America, admiralty jurisdiction is extended to such matters, arising out of the navigation of any of the public waters, as the Great Lakes and rivers.

4. The system of jurisprudence of admiralty courts.

5. The building in which the lords of the admiralty, in England, transact business.

ADMIRANCE Ad*mir"ance, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. admirance.]

Defn: Admiration. [Obs.] Spenser.

ADMIRATION Ad`mi*ra"tion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. admiratio. See Admire.]

1. Wonder; astonishment. [Obs.] Season your admiration for a while. Shak.

2. Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an emotion excited by a person or thing possessed of wonderful or high excellence; as, admiration of a beautiful woman, of a landscape, of virtue.

3. Cause of admiration; something to excite wonder, or pleased surprise; a prodigy. Now, good Lafeu, bring in the admiration. Shak. Note of admiration, the mark (!), called also exclamation point.

Syn. — Wonder; approval; appreciation; adoration; reverence; worship.

ADMIRATIVE Ad*mir"a*tive, a.

Defn: Relating to or expressing admiration or wonder. [R.] Earle.

ADMIRE Ad*mire", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admired; p. pr. & vb. n. Admiring.] Etym: [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]

1. To regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel at. [Archaic] Examples rather to be admired than imitated. Fuller.

2. To regard with wonder and delight; to look upon with an elevated feeling of pleasure, as something which calls out approbation, esteem, love, or reverence; to estimate or prize highly; as, to admire a person of high moral worth, to admire a landscape. Admired as heroes and as gods obeyed. Pope.

Note: Admire followed by the infinitive is obsolete or colloquial; as, I admire to see a man consistent in his conduct.

Syn. — To esteem; approve; delight in.

ADMIRE Ad*mire", v. i.

Defn: To wonder; to marvel; to be affected with surprise; — sometimes with at. To wonder at Pharaoh, and even admire at myself. Fuller.

ADMIRED Ad*mired", a.

1. Regarded with wonder and delight; highly prized; as, an admired poem.

2. Wonderful; also, admirable. [Obs.] "Admired disorder." " Admired Miranda." Shak.

ADMIRER Ad*mir"er, n.

Defn: One who admires; one who esteems or loves greatly. Cowper.

ADMIRING Ad*mir"ing, a.

Defn: Expressing admiration; as, an admiring glance. — Ad*mir"ing*ly, adv. Shak.

ADMISSIBILITY Ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. admissibilité.]

Defn: The quality of being admissible; admissibleness; as, the admissibility of evidence.

ADMISSIBLE Ad*mis"si*ble, a. Etym: [F. admissible, LL. admissibilis. See Admit.]

Defn: Entitled to be admitted, or worthy of being admitted; that may be allowed or conceded; allowable; as, the supposition is hardly admissible. — Ad*mis"si*ble*ness, n. — Ad*mis"si*bly, adv.

ADMISSION Ad*mis"sion, n. Etym: [L. admissio: cf. F. admission. See Admit.]

1. The act or practice of admitting.

2. Power or permission to enter; admittance; entrance; access; power to approach. What numbers groan for sad admission there! Young.

3. The granting of an argument or position not fully proved; the act of acknowledging something The too easy admission of doctrines. Macaulay.

4. (Law)

Defn: Acquiescence or concurrence in a statement made by another, and distinguishable from a confession in that an admission presupposes prior inquiry by another, but a confession may be made without such inquiry.

5. A fact, point, or statement admitted; as, admission made out of court are received in evidence.

6. (Eng. Eccl. Law)

Defn: Declaration of the bishop that he approves of the presentee as a fit person to serve the cure of the church to which he is presented. Shipley.

Syn. — Admittance; concession; acknowledgment; concurrence; allowance. See Admittance.

ADMISSIVE Ad*mis"sive, a.

Defn: Implying an admission; tending to admit. [R.] Lamb.

ADMISSORY Ad*mis"so*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to admission.

ADMIT Ad*mit", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Admitting.] Etym: [OE. amitten, L. admittere, admissum; ad + mittere to send: cf. F. admettre, OF. admettre, OF. ametre. See Missile.]

1. To suffer to enter; to grant entrance, whether into a place, or into the mind, or consideration; to receive; to take; as, they were into his house; to admit a serious thought into the mind; to admit evidence in the trial of a cause.

2. To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket one into a playhouse.

3. To allow (one) to enter on an office or to enjoy a privilege; to recognize as qualified for a franchise; as, to admit an attorney to practice law; the prisoner was admitted to bail.

4. To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an allegation which it is impossible to deny; to own or confess; as, the argument or fact is admitted; he admitted his guilt.

5. To be capable of; to permit; as, the words do not admit such a construction. In this sense, of may be used after the verb, or may be omitted. Both Houses declared that they could admit of no treaty with the king. Hume.

ADMITTABLE Ad*mit"ta*ble, a.

Defn: Admissible. Sir T. Browne.

ADMITTANCE Ad*mit"tance, n.

1. The act of admitting.

2. Permission to enter; the power or right of entrance; also, actual entrance; reception. To gain admittance into the house. South. He desires admittance to the king. Dryden. To give admittance to a thought of fear. Shak.

3. Concession; admission; allowance; as, the admittance of an argument. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

4. Admissibility. [Obs.] Shak.

5. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The act of giving possession of a copyhold estate. Bouvier.

Syn. — Admission; access; entrance; initiation. — Admittance, Admission. These words are, to some extent, in a state of transition and change. Admittance is now chiefly confined to its primary sense of access into some locality or building. Thus we see on the doors of factories, shops, etc. "No admittance." Its secondary or moral sense, as "admittance to the church," is almost entirely laid aside. Admission has taken to itself the secondary or figurative senses; as, admission to the rights of citizenship; admission to the church; the admissions made by one of the parties in a dispute. And even when used in its primary sense, it is not identical with admittance. Thus, we speak of admission into a country, territory, and other larger localities, etc., where admittance could not be used. So, when we speak of admission to a concert or other public assembly, the meaning is not perhaps exactly that of admittance, viz., access within the walls of the building, but rather a reception into the audience, or access to the performances. But the lines of distinction on this subject are one definitely drawn.

ADMITTATUR Ad`mit*ta"tur, n. Etym: [L., let him be admitted.]

Defn: The certificate of admission given in some American colleges.

ADMITTED; ADMITTEDLY Ad*mit"ted, a.

Defn: Received as true or valid; acknowledged. — Ad*mit"ted*ly adv.

Defn: Confessedly.

ADMITTER Ad*mit"ter, n.

Defn: One who admits.

ADMIX Ad*mix", v. t. Etym: [Pref. ad- + mix: cf. L. admixtus, p. p. of admiscere. See Mix.]

Defn: To mingle with something else; to mix. [R.]

ADMIXTION Ad*mix"tion, n. Etym: [L. admixtio.]

Defn: A mingling of different things; admixture. Glanvill.

ADMIXTURE Ad*mix"ture, n. Etym: [L. admiscere, admixtum, to admix; ad + miscere to mix. See Mix.]

1. The act of mixing; mixture.

2. The compound formed by mixing different substances together.

3. That which is mixed with anything.

ADMONISH Ad*mon"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admonished; p. pr. & vb. n. Admonishing.] Etym: [OE. amonesten, OF. amonester, F. admonester, fr. a supposed LL. admonesstrare, fr. L. admonere to remind, warn; ad + monere to warn. See Monition.]

1. To warn or notify of a fault; to reprove gently or kindly, but seriously; to exhort. "Admonish him as a brother." 2 Thess. iii. 15.

2. To counsel against wrong practices; to cation or advise; to warn against danger or an offense; — followed by of, against, or a subordinate clause. Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns. Col. iii. 16. I warned thee, I admonished thee, foretold The danger, and the lurking enemy. Milton.

3. To instruct or direct; to inform; to notify. Moses was admonished of God, when he was about to make the tabernacle. Heb. viii. 5.

ADMONISHER Ad*mon"ish*er, n.

Defn: One who admonishes.

ADMONISHMENT Ad*mon"ish*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. amonestement, admonestement.]

Defn: Admonition. [R.] Shak.

ADMONITION Ad`mo*ni"tion, n. Etym: [OE. amonicioun, OF. amonition, F. admonition, fr. L. admonitio, fr. admonere. See Admonish.]

Defn: Gentle or friendly reproof; counseling against a fault or error; expression of authoritative advice; friendly caution or warning.

Syn. — Admonition, Reprehension, Reproof. Admonition is prospective, and relates to moral delinquencies; its object is to prevent further transgression. Reprehension and reproof are retrospective, the former being milder than the latter. A person of any age or station may be liable to reprehension in case of wrong conduct; but reproof is the act of a superior. It is authoritative fault-finding or censure addressed to children or to inferiors.

ADMONITIONER Ad`mo*ni"tion*er, n.

Defn: Admonisher. [Obs.]

ADMONITIVE Ad*mon"i*tive, a.

Defn: Admonitory. [R.] Barrow. — Ad*mon"i*tive*ly, adv.

ADMONITOR Ad*mon"i*tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Admonisher; monitor. Conscience is at most times a very faithful and prudent admonitor. Shenstone.

ADMONITORIAL Ad*mon`i*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Admonitory. [R.] "An admonitorial tone." Dickens.

ADMONITORY Ad*mon"i*to*ry, a. Etym: [LL. admonitorius.]

Defn: That conveys admonition; warning or reproving; as, an admonitory glance. — Ad*mon"i*to*ri*ly,, adv.

ADMONITRIX Ad*mon"i*trix, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A female admonitor.

ADMORTIZATION Ad*mor`ti*za"tion, n. Etym: [LL. admortizatio. Cf. Amortization.] (Law)

Defn: The reducing or lands or tenements to mortmain. See Mortmain.

ADMOVE Ad*move", v. t. Etym: [L. admovere. See Move.]

Defn: To move or conduct to or toward. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

ADNASCENT Ad*nas"cent, a. Etym: [L. adnascens, p. pr. of adnasci to be born, grow.]

Defn: Growing to or on something else. "An adnascent plant." Evelyn.

ADNATE Ad"nate, a. Etym: [L. adnatus, p. p. of adnasci. See Adnascent, and cf. Agnate.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: Grown to congenitally.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Growing together; — said only of organic cohesion of unlike parts. An anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the filament. Gray.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Growing with one side adherent to a stem; — a term applied to the lateral zooids of corals and other compound animals.

ADNATION Ad*na"tion, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The adhesion or cohesion of different floral verticils or sets of organs.

ADNOMINAL Ad*nom"i*nal, a. Etym: [L. ad + nomen noun.] (Gram.)

Defn: Pertaining to an adnoun; adjectival; attached to a noun. Gibbs. — Ad*nom"i*nal*ly, adv.

ADNOUN Ad"noun`, n. Etym: [Pref. ad- + noun.] (Gram.)

Defn: An adjective, or attribute. [R.] Coleridge.

ADNUBILATED Ad*nu"bi*la`ted, a. Etym: [L. adnubilatus, p. p. of adnubilare.]

Defn: Clouded; obscured. [R.]

ADO A*do", (1) v. inf., (2) n. Etym: [OE. at do, northern form for to do. Cf. Affair.]

1. To do; in doing; as, there is nothing. "What is here ado" J. Newton.

2. Doing; trouble; difficulty; troublesome business; fuss; bustle; as, to make a great ado about trifles. With much ado, he partly kept awake. Dryden. Let's follow to see the end of this ado. Shak.

ADOBE A*do"be, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: An unburnt brick dried in the sun; also used as an adjective, as, an adobe house, in Texas or New Mexico.

ADOLESCENCE Ad`o*les"cence, n. Etym: [Fr., fr. L. adolescentia.]

Defn: The state of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; youth, or the period of life between puberty and maturity, generally considered to be, in the male sex, from fourteen to twenty-one. Sometimes used with reference to the lower animals.

ADOLESCENCY Ad`o*les"cen*cy, n.

Defn: The quality of being adolescent; youthfulness.

ADOLESCENT Ad`o*les"cent, a. Etym: [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere to grow up to; ad + the inchoative olescere to grow: cf. F. adolescent. See Adult.]

Defn: Growing; advancing from childhood to maturity. Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong, Detain their adolescent charge too long. Cowper.

ADOLESCENT Ad`o*les"cent, n.

Defn: A youth.

ADONAI Ad`o*na"i, n. [Heb. adonai, lit., my lord.]

Defn: A Hebrew name for God, usually translated in the Old Testament by the word "Lord".

The later Jews used its vowel points to fill out the tetragrammaton Yhvh, or Ihvh, "the incommunicable name," and in reading substituted "Adonai".

ADONEAN Ad`o*ne"an, a. Etym: [L. Adon.]

Defn: Pertaining to Adonis; Adonic. "Fair Adonean Venus." Faber.

ADONIC A*don"ic, a. Etym: [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.]

Defn: Relating to Adonis, famed for his beauty. — n.

Defn: An Adonic verse. Adonic verse, a verse consisting of a dactyl and spondee.

ADONIS A*do"nis, n. Etym: [L., gr. Gr.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase by a wild boar.

2. A preëminently beautiful young man; a dandy.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants of the family Ranunculaceæ, containing the pheasaut's eye (Adonis autumnalis); — named from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have stained the flower.

ADONIST A*do"nist, n. Etym: [Heb. my Lords.]

Defn: One who maintains that points of the Hebrew word translated "Jehovah" are really the vowel points of the word "Adonai." See Jehovist.

ADONIZE Ad"o*nize, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.]

Defn: To beautify; to dandify. I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and adonozing myself. Smollett.

ADOOR; ADOORS A*door, A*doors,

Defn: At the door; of the door; as, out adoors. Shak. I took him in adoors. Vicar's Virgil (1630).

ADOPT A*dopt", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n. Adopting.] Etym: [L. adoptare; ad + optare to choose, desire: cf. F. adopter. See Option.]

1. To take by choice into relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen, etc. ; esp. to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the place of, or as, one's own child.

2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally; to select and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or policy of another; these resolutions were adopted.

ADOPTABLE A*dopt"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being adopted.

ADOPTED A*dopt"ed, a.

Defn: Taken by adoption; taken up as one's own; as, an adopted son, citizen, country, word. — A*dopt"ed*ly, adv.

ADOPTER A*dopt"er, n.

1. One who adopts.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another receiver. It is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two vessels whose openings have different diameters. [Written also adapter.]

ADOPTION A*dop"tion, n. Etym: [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt: cf. F. adoption.]

1. The act of adopting, or state of being adopted; voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to be the same as one's own child.

2. Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the adoption of persons into hospitals or monasteries, or of one society into another.

3. The choosing and making that to be one's own which originally was not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of opinions. Jer. Taylor.

ADOPTIONIST A*dop"tion*ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect which maintained that Christ was the Son of God not by nature but by adoption.

ADOPTIOUS A*dop"tious, a.

Defn: Adopted. [Obs.]

ADOPTIVE A*dopt"ive, a. Etym: [L. adoptivus: cf. F. adoptif.]

Defn: Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by adoption; fitted to adopt; as, an adoptive father, an child; an adoptive language. — A*dopt"ive*ly, adv.

ADORABILITY A*dor`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Adorableness.

ADORABLE A*dor"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F. adorable.]

1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine honors. The adorable Author of Christianity. Cheyne.

2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect.

ADORABLENESS A*dor"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being adorable, or worthy of adoration. Johnson.

ADORABLY A*dor"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In an adorable manner.

ADORATION Ad`o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F. adoration.]

1. The act of playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god. The more immediate objects of popular adoration amongst the heathens were deified human beings. Farmer.

2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound veneration; intense regard and love; fervent devotion.

3. A method of electing a pope by the expression of homage from two thirds of the conclave. [Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration. Froude.

ADORE A*dore", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored; p. pr. & vb. n. Adoring.] Etym: [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the French prefix a- being confused with OE. a, an, on. See Oral.]

1. To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity or as divine. Bishops and priests, . . . bearing the host, which he [James adored. Smollett.

2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost esteem and affection; to idolize. The great mass of the population abhorred Popery and adored Montouth. Macaulay.

ADORE A*dore", v. t.

Defn: To adorn. [Obs.] Congealed little drops which do the morn adore. Spenser.

ADOREMENT A*dore"ment, n.

Defn: The act of adoring; adoration. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

ADORER A*dor"er, n.

Defn: One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer. "An adorer of truth." Clarendon. I profess myself her adorer, not her friend. Shak.

ADORINGLY A*dor"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With adoration.

ADORN A*dorn", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adorned; p. pr. & vb. n. Adorning.] Etym: [OE. aournen, anournen, adornen, OF. aorner, fr. L. aaornare; ad + ornare to furnish, embellish. See Adore, Ornate.]

Defn: To deck or dress with ornaments; to embellish; to set off to advantage; to render pleasing or attractive. As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. Isa. lxi. 10. At church, with meek and unaffected grace, His looks adorned the venerable place. Goldsmith.

Syn. — To deck; decorate; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace; dignify; exalt; honor. — To Adorn, Ornament, Decorate, Embellish. We decorate and ornament by putting on some adjunct which is attractive or beautiful, and which serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a lady's head- dress may be ornament or decorated with flowers or jewelry; a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or gilding, with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. Ornament is used in a wider sense than decorate. To embellish is to beautify or ornament richly, not so much by mere additions or details as by modifying the thing itself as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial decoration. We embellish a book with rich engravings; a style is embellished with rich and beautiful imagery; a shopkeeper embellishes his front window to attract attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as when we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases, it seems to imply something more. Thus, we speak of a gallery of paintings as adorned with the works of some of the great masters, or adorned with noble statuary and columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly be appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius beyond mere show and ornament. Adorn may be used of what is purely moral; as, a character adorned with every Christian grace. Here neither decorate, nor ornament, nor embellish is proper.

ADORN A*dorn", n.

Defn: Adornment. [Obs.] Spenser.

ADORN A*dorn", a.

Defn: Adorned; decorated. [Obs.] Milton.

ADORNATION Ad`or*na"tion, n.

Defn: Adornment. [Obs.]

ADORNER A*dorn"er, n.

Defn: He who, or that which, adorns; a beautifier.

ADORNINGLY A*dorn"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By adorning; decoratively.

ADORNMENT A*dorn"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.]

Defn: An adorning; an ornament; a decoration.

ADOSCULATION Ad*os"cu*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. adosculari, adosculatum, to kiss. See Osculate.] (Biol.)

Defn: Impregnation by external contact, without intromission.

ADOWN A*down", adv. Etym: [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of dune off the hill. See Down.]

Defn: From a higher to a lower situation; downward; down, to or on the ground. [Archaic] "Thrice did she sink adown." Spenser.

ADOWN A*down", prep.

Defn: Down. [Archaic & Poetic] Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed. Prior.

ADPRESS Ad*press", v. t. Etym: [L. adpressus, p. p. of adprimere.]

Defn: See Appressed. — Ad*pressed",, a.

ADRAD A*drad", p. a. Etym: [P. p. of adread.]

Defn: Put in dread; afraid. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ADRAGANT Ad"ra*gant, n. Etym: [F., a corruption of tragacanth.]

Defn: Gum tragacanth. Brande & C.

ADREAD A*dread", v. t. & i. Etym: [AS. andrædan, ondræ; pref. a- (for and against) + dræden to dread. See Dread.]

Defn: To dread. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

ADREAMED A*dreamed", p. p.

Defn: Visited by a dream; — used in the phrase, To be adreamed, to dream. [Obs.]

ADRENAL Ad*re"nal, a. Etym: [Pref. ad- + renal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Suprarenal.

ADRENALINE; ADRENALIN Ad*re"nal*ine, n. Also Ad*re"nal*in. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline substance, C9H13O3N, obtained from suprarenal extract, of which it is regarded as the active principle. It is used in medicine as a stimulant and hemostatic.

ADRIAN A"dri*an, a. Etym: [L. Hadrianus.]

Defn: Pertaining to the Adriatic Sea; as, Adrian billows.

ADRIATIC A`dri*at"ic, a. Etym: [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria or Hadria, a town of the Veneti.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a sea so named, the northwestern part of which is known as the Gulf of Venice.

ADRIFT A*drift", adv. & a. Etym: [Pref. a- (for on) + drift.]

Defn: Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy of wind and waves. Also fig. So on the sea shall be set adrift. Dryden. Were from their daily labor turned adrift. Wordsworth.

ADRIP A*drip", adv. & a. Etym: [Pref. a- in + drip.]

Defn: In a dripping state; as, leaves all adrip. D. G. Mitchell.

ADROGATE Ad"ro*gate, v. t. Etym: [See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law)

Defn: To adopt (a person who is his own master).

ADROGATION Ad`ro*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. adrogatio, arrogatio, fr. adrogare. See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law)

Defn: A kind of adoption in ancient Rome. See Arrogation.

ADROIT A*droit", a. Etym: [F. adroit; à (L. ad) = droit straight, right, fr. L. directus, p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.]

Defn: Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of the mental faculties; exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding danger or escaping difficulty; ready in invention or execution; — applied to persons and to acts; as, an adroit mechanic, an adroit reply. "Adroit in the application of the telescope and quadrant." Horsley. "He was adroit in intrigue." Macaulay.

Syn. — Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft; ingenious; cunning; ready-witted.

ADROITLY A*droit"ly, adv.

Defn: In an adroit manner.

ADROITNESS A*droit"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being adroit; skill and readiness; dexterity. Adroitness was as requisite as courage. Motley.

Syn. — See Skill.

ADRY A*dry", a. Etym: [Pref. a- (for on) + dry.]

Defn: In a dry or thirsty condition. "A man that is adry." Burton.

ADSCITITIOUS Ad`sci*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere, asciscere, to take knowingly; ad + sciscere to seek to know, approve, scire to know.]

Defn: Supplemental; additional; adventitious; ascititious. "Adscititious evidence." Bowring. — Ad`sci*ti"tious*ly, adv.

ADSCRIPT Ad"script, a. Etym: [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to enroll. See Ascribe.]

Defn: Held to service as attached to the soil; — said of feudal serfs.

ADSCRIPT Ad"script, n.

Defn: One held to service as attached to the glebe or estate; a feudal serf. Bancroft.

ADSCRIPTIVE Ad*scrip"tive, a.Etym: [L. adscriptivus. See Adscript.]

Defn: Attached or annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable with it. Brougham.

ADSIGNIFICATION Ad*sig`ni*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: Additional signification. [R.] Tooke.

ADSIGNIFY Ad*sig"ni*fy, v. t. Etym: [L. adsignificare to show.]

Defn: To denote additionally. [R.] Tooke.

ADSTRICT Ad*strict", v. t. — Ad*stric"tion, n.

Defn: See Astrict, and Astriction.

ADSTRICTORY Ad*stric"to*ry, a.

Defn: See Astrictory.

ADSTRINGENT Ad*strin"gent, a.

Defn: See Astringent.

ADSUKI BEAN Ad*su"ki bean. [Jap. adzuki.]

Defn: A cultivated variety of the Asiatic gram, now introduced into the United States.

ADULARIA Ad`u*la"ri*a, n. Etym: [From Adula, a mountain peak in Switzerland, where fine specimens are found.] (Min.)

Defn: A transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar, or orthoclase, which often shows pearly opalescent reflections; — called by lapidaries moonstone.

ADULATE Ad"u*late, v. t. Etym: [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.]

Defn: To flatter in a servile way. Byron.

ADULATION Ad`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [F. adulation, fr. L. adulatio, fr. adulari, adulatum, to flatter.]

Defn: Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond what is merited. Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out With titles blown from adulation Shak.

Syn. — Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness; blandishment. — Adulation, Flattery, Compliment. Men deal in compliments from a desire to please; they use flattery either from undue admiration, or a wish to gratify vanity; they practice adulation from sordid motives, and with a mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may be a sincere expression of due respect and esteem, or it may be unmeaning; flattery is apt to become gross; adulation is always servile, and usually fulsome.

ADULATOR Ad"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.]

Defn: A servile or hypocritical flatterer. Carlyle.

ADULATORY Ad"u*la*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. adulatorius, fr. adulari: cf. OF. adulatoire.]

Defn: Containing excessive praise or compliment; servilely praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address. A mere rant of adulatory freedom. Burke.

ADULATRESS Ad"u*la`tress, n.

Defn: A woman who flatters with servility.

ADULT A*dult", a. Etym: [L. adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to alere to nourish: cf. F. adulte. See Adolescent, Old.]

Defn: Having arrived at maturity, or to full size and strength; matured; as, an adult person or plant; an adult ape; an adult age.

ADULT A*dult", n.

Defn: A person, animal, or plant grown to full size and strength; one who has reached maturity.

Note: In the common law, the term is applied to a person who has attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to males after the age of fourteen, and to females after twelve.

ADULTER A*dul"ter, v. i. Etym: [L. adulterare.]

Defn: To commit adultery; to pollute. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

ADULTERANT A*dul"ter*ant, n. Etym: [L. adulterans, p. pr. of adulterare.]

Defn: That which is used to adulterate anything. — a. Adulterating; as, adulterant agents and processes.

ADULTERATE A*dul"ter*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated; p. pr. & vb. n Adulterating.] Etym: [L. adulteratus, p. p. of adulterare, fr. adulter adulterer, prob. fr. ad + alter other, properly one who approaches another on account of unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.]

1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.] Milton.

2. To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a foreign or a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink, drugs, coin, etc. The present war has . . . adulterated our tongue with strange words. Spectator.

Syn. — To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vitiate; sophisticate.

ADULTERATE A*dul"ter*ate, v. i.

Defn: To commit adultery. [Obs.]

ADULTERATE A*dul"ter*ate, a.

1. Tainted with adultery.

2. Debased by the admixture of a foreign substance; adulterated; spurious. — A*dul"ter*ate*ly, adv. — A*dul"ter*ate*ness, n.

ADULTERATION A*dul`ter*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. adulteratio.]

1. The act of adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or drink) by foreign mixture. The shameless adulteration of the coin. Prescott.

2. An adulterated state or product.

ADULTERATOR A*dul"ter*a`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who adulterates or corrupts. [R.] Cudworth.

ADULTERER A*dul"ter*er, n. Etym: [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the E. ending -er. See Advoutrer.]

1. A man who commits adultery; a married man who has sexual intercourse with a woman not his wife.

2. (Script.)

Defn: A man who violates his religious covenant. Jer. ix. 2.

ADULTERESS A*dul"ter*ess, n. Etym: [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf. Advoutress.]

1. A woman who commits adultery.

2. (Script.)

Defn: A woman who violates her religious engagements. James iv. 4.

ADULTERINE A*dul"ter*ine, a.Etym: [L. adulterinus, fr. adulter.]

Defn: Proceeding from adulterous intercourse. Hence: Spurious; without the support of law; illegal. When any particular class of artificers or traders thought proper to act as a corporation without a charter, such were called adulterine guilds. Adam Smith.

ADULTERINE A*dul"ter*ine, n.

Defn: An illegitimate child. [R.]

ADULTERIZE A*dul"ter*ize, v. i.

Defn: To commit adultery. Milton.

ADULTEROUS A*dul"ter*ous, a.

1. Guilty of, or given to, adultery; pertaining to adultery; illicit. Dryden.

2. Characterized by adulteration; spurious. "An adulterous mixture." [Obs.] Smollett.

ADULTEROUSLY A*dul"ter*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In an adulterous manner.

ADULTERY A*dul"ter*y, n.; pl. Adulteries(#). Etym: [L. adulterium. See Advoutry.]

1. The unfaithfulness of a married person to the marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with another than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a married woman with another than her husband.

Note: It is adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer. The word has also been used to characterize the act of an unmarried participator, the other being married. In the United States the definition varies with the local statutes. Unlawful intercourse between two married persons is sometimes called double adultery; between a married and an unmarried person, single adultery.

2. Adulteration; corruption. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

3. (Script.) (a) Lewdness or unchastity of thought as well as act, as forbidden by the seventh commandment. (b) Faithlessness in religion. Jer. iii. 9.

4. (Old Law)

Defn: The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of adultery.

5. (Eccl.)

Defn: The intrusion of a person into a bishopric during the life of the bishop.

6. Injury; degradation; ruin. [Obs.] You might wrest the caduceus out of my hand to the adultery and spoil of nature. B. Jonson.

ADULTNESS A*dult"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being adult.

ADUMBRANT Ad*um"brant, a. Etym: [L. adumbrans, p. pr. of adumbrare.]

Defn: Giving a faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing forth.

ADUMBRATE Ad*um"brate, v. t. Etym: [L. adumbratus, p. p. of adumbrare; ad + umbrare to shade; umbra shadow.]

1. To give a faint shadow or slight representation of; to outline; to shadow forth. Both in the vastness and the richness of the visible universe the invisible God is adumbrated. L. Taylor.

2. To overshadow; to shade.

ADUMBRATION Ad`um*bra"tion, n. Etym: [L. adumbratio.]

1. The act of adumbrating, or shadowing forth.

2. A faint sketch; an outline; an imperfect portrayal or representation of a thing. Elegant adumbrations of sacred truth. Bp. Horsley.

3. (Her.)

Defn: The shadow or outlines of a figure.

ADUMBRATIVE Ad*um"bra*tive, a.

Defn: Faintly representing; typical. Carlyle.

ADUNATION Ad`u*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. adunatio; ad + unus one.]

Defn: A uniting; union. Jer. Taylor.

ADUNC; ADUNQUE A*dunc", A*dunque", a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Hooked; as, a parrot has an adunc bill.

ADUNCITY A*dun"ci*ty, n. Etym: [L. aduncitas. See Aduncous.]

Defn: Curvature inwards; hookedness. The aduncity of the beaks of hawks. Pope.

ADUNCOUS A*dun"cous, a. Etym: [L. aduncus; ad + uncus hooked, hook.]

Defn: Curved inwards; hooked.

ADURE A*dure", v. t. Etym: [L. adurere; ad + urere to burn.]

Defn: To burn up. [Obs.] Bacon.

ADUROL Ad"u*rol, n. (Photog.)

Defn: Either of two compounds, a chlorine derivative and bromine derivative, of hydroquinone, used as developers.

ADUST A*dust", a. Etym: [L. adustus, p. p. of adurere: cf. F. aduste.]

1. Inflamed or scorched; fiery. "The Libyan air adust." Milton.

2. Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt. A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion. Sir W. Scott.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Having much heat in the constitution and little serum in the blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious; sallow; gloomy.

ADUSTED A*dust"ed, a.

Defn: Burnt; adust. [Obs.] Howell.

ADUSTIBLE A*dust"i*ble, a.

Defn: That may be burnt. [Obs.]

ADUSTION A*dus"tion, n. Etym: [L. adustio, fr. adurere, adustum: cf. F. adustion.]

1. The act of burning, or heating to dryness; the state of being thus heated or dried. [Obs.] Harvey.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: Cauterization. Buchanan.

AD VALOREM Ad va*lo"rem. Etym: [L., according to the value.] (Com.)

Defn: A term used to denote a duty or charge laid upon goods, at a certain rate per cent upon their value, as stated in their invoice, - - in opposition to a specific sum upon a given quantity or number; as, an ad valorem duty of twenty per cent.

ADVANCE Ad*vance", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Advancing(#).] Etym: [OE. avancen, avauncen, F. avancer, fr. a supposed LL. abantiare; ab + ante (F. avant) before. The spelling with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be fr. L. ad. See Avaunt.]

1. To bring forward; to move towards the van or front; to make to go on.

2. To raise; to elevate. [Archaic] They . . . advanced their eyelids. Shak.

3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote. Ahasueres . . . advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes. Esther iii. 1.

4. To accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to forward; to help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the ripening of fruit; to advance one's interests.

5. To bring to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show; as, to advance an argument. Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own. Pope.

6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten.

7. To furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes due, or in aid of an enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a merchant advances money on a contract or on goods consigned to him.

8. To raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate; as, to advance the price of goods.

9. To extol; to laud. [Obs.] Greatly advancing his gay chivalry. Spenser.

Syn. — To raise; elevate; exalt; aggrandize; improve; heighten; accelerate; allege; adduce; assign.

ADVANCE Ad*vance", v. i.

1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as, he advanced to greet me.

2. To increase or make progress in any respect; as, to advance in knowledge, in stature, in years, in price.

3. To rise in rank, office, or consequence; to be preferred or promoted. Advanced to a level with ancient peers. Prescott.

ADVANCE Ad*vance", n. Etym: [Cf. F. avance, fr. avancer. See Advance, v.]

1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward; progress.

2. Improvement or progression, physically, mentally, morally, or socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge, or religion; an advance in rank or office.

3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an advance on the prime cost of goods.

4. The first step towards the attainment of a result; approach made to gain favor, to form an acquaintance, to adjust a difference, etc.; an overture; a tender; an offer; — usually in the plural. [He] made the like advances to the dissenters. Swift.

5. A furnishing of something before an equivalent is received (as money or goods), towards a capital or stock, or on loan; payment beforehand; the money or goods thus furnished; money or value supplied beforehand. I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances. Jay. The account was made up with intent to show what advances had been made. Kent. In advance (a) In front; before. (b) Beforehand; before an equivalent is received. (c) In the state of having advanced money on account; as, A is advance to B a thousand dollars or pounds.

ADVANCE Ad*vance", a.

Defn: Before in place, or beforehand in time; — used for advanced; as, an advance guard, or that before the main guard or body of an army; advance payment, or that made before it is due; advance proofs, advance sheets, pages of a forthcoming volume, received in advance of the time of publication.

ADVANCED Ad*vanced", a.

1. In the van or front.

2. In the front or before others, as regards progress or ideas; as, advanced opinions, advanced thinkers.

3. Far on in life or time. A gentleman advanced in years, with a hard experience written in his wrinkles. Hawthorne. Advanced guard, a detachment of troops which precedes the march of the main body.

ADVANCEMENT Ad*vance"ment, n. Etym: [OE. avancement, F. avancement. See Advance, v. t.]

1. The act of advancing, or the state of being advanced; progression; improvement; furtherance; promotion to a higher place or dignity; as, the advancement of learning. In heaven . . . every one (so well they love each other) rejoiceth and hath his part in each other's advancement. Sir T. More. True religion . . . proposes for its end the joint advancement of the virtue and happiness of the people. Horsley.

2. An advance of money or value; payment in advance. See Advance, 5.

3. (Law)

Defn: Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in advance of a future distribution.

4. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. [Obs.] Bacon.

ADVANCER Ad*van"cer, n.

1. One who advances; a promoter.

2. A second branch of a buck's antler. Howell.

ADVANCING EDGE Ad*van"cing edge. (Aëronautics)

Defn: The front edge (in direction of motion) of a supporting surface; — contr. with following edge, which is the rear edge.

ADVANCING SURFACE Ad*van"cing sur"face. (Aëronautics)

Defn: The first of two or more surfaces arranged in tandem; — contr. with following surface, which is the rear surface.

ADVANCIVE Ad*van"cive, a.

Defn: Tending to advance. [R.]

ADVANTAGE Ad*van"tage, n. Etym: [OE. avantage, avauntage, F. avantage, fr. avant before. See Advance, and cf. Vantage.]

1. Any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means, particularly favorable to success, or to any desired end; benefit; as, the enemy had the advantage of a more elevated position. Give me advantage of some brief discourse. Shak. The advantages of a close alliance. Macaulay.