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German composition

Section 160. OPINIONS⁠[1] AS TO ENGLISH EDUCATION. I.

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Section 160. OPINIONS⁠[1] AS TO ENGLISH EDUCATION. I.

This⁠[2] energy of individual life and example acting throughout society constitute⁠[3] the best practical education of Englishmen. Schools, academies, and colleges⁠[4] give but the⁠[5] merest beginning of culture in comparison with it (S. 4, N. 5). Far higher⁠[6] and more practical is⁠[7] the life-education daily given in our homes, in⁠[8] the streets, behind (S. 3, N. 2) counters⁠[9], in workshops, at the loom and behind the plough, in counting-houses and manufactories, and⁠[10] in all the busy haunts of men. This is the education that⁠[11] fits Englishmen for doing the work and acting the part of free men. This⁠[12] is that final instruction as members of society, which Schiller designated “the education of the human race,” consisting⁠[13] in action, conduct⁠[14], self-culture, self-control—all⁠[15] that tends to discipline a man truly, and fit him for the proper performance of the duties of life—a kind of education not to be learnt (S. 7, N. 3 B) from (aus) books. Lord Bacon observes that⁠[16] “Studies teach not their own use, but that there is (S. 82, N. 7) a wisdom without them and above them, won (S. 7, N. 3 B, and S. 2, N. 1) by (durch) observation, a remark that holds⁠[17] true of⁠[18] actual life, as well as of⁠[19] the cultivation of the intellect itself. For all observation serves⁠[20] to illustrate and enforce the lesson, that a man perfects himself by work much more than by reading⁠[21],—that⁠[22] it is life⁠[23] rather than literature⁠[21], action⁠[24] rather than study, and character⁠[25] rather than biography⁠[26], which⁠[27] tend perpetually to renovate mankind.”

Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · Here the verb is in the Passive Voice. Remember that the German Passive Voice is formed by the auxiliary werden. The verb is in the Passive Note 2 · Use the gen. of the def. art. The definite article is always required before nouns representing the whole of a given class, and before abstrNote 5 · A. To sneer at something, über etwas spotten; B. ‘at it’ = there at, darüber. The English pronouns ‘it’, ‘them’, ‘that’, and ‘those’, dependNote 3 · A. Whilst the English Perfect Participle (commonly called Past Participle) is placed both before and after the noun it qualifies, the GermanNote 7 · ‘There is’ and ‘there are’, used in a general sense, are generally rendered by the impers. v. ‘es giebt’.Note 1 · Ansichten über.Note 2 · This — society. A good German rendering of the thought underlying this line is so difficult, that the author thinks it best to give at once Note 3 · aus´machen.Note 4 · = universities; ‘to give’, here gewähren.Note 5 · = a mere.Note 6 · = more important.Note 7 · is — homes, ist die im täglichen Leben gewonnene Erziehung zu Hause.Note 8 · [1] Ansichten über. [2] This — society. A good German rendering of the thought underlying this line is so difficult, that the author thinks Note 9 · Use this noun in the Sing.Note 10 · und in den vielen andern Geschäftsstätten der Menschen.Note 11 · Say ‘that enables Englishmen as free men to do their work and their duty.Note 12 · This — designated = This education gives also to human society that instruction (Unterweisung, f.), which Schiller calls, etc. Johann ChristNote 13 · = and which consists in (S. 3, N. 2) action, etc.Note 14 · in der sittlichen Aufführung.Note 15 · = and in all that (here follows the verb ‘consists’, since this is the end of the relative clause introduced in Note 13), which (S. 3, N. 7)Note 16 · = that ‘Studies do not teach us the application of the same, but’, etc.Note 17 · ‘to hold true’, here = to prove true.Note 18 · = in practical life.Note 19 · of — itself, in Bezug auf die Geistesbildung selbst.Note 20 · = interprets (erklären) and proves the doctrine.Note 21 · here Lektüre, f., with the art.Note 22 · This conj. ‘that’ is best omitted, since a repetition of subordinate clauses must, as far as possible, be avoided.Note 23 · = practical life; ‘rather than’ seems here to be = ‘and not’.Note 24 · Thätigkeit, activity.Note 25 · The English word ‘character’ is so varied in its application that it requires always the greatest discrimination to decide upon its translatNote 26 · die Lebensbeschreibung desselben.Note 27 · welche dazu dienen, die Menschheit stets von neuem zu beleben.
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