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German composition

Section 87. DR. JOHNSON ON⁠[1] DEBT.

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Section 87. DR. JOHNSON ON⁠[1] DEBT.

Dr. Johnson held⁠[2] that⁠[3] debt is ruin. His⁠[4] words on the subject are weighty, and worthy of being held in remembrance. “Do not,” said⁠[5] he, “accustom⁠[6] yourself to consider debt only as⁠[7] an inconvenience. You⁠[8] will find it a calamity. Poverty takes⁠[9] away so many means of doing good, and⁠[10] produces so much inability to resist evil, that it⁠[11] is by⁠[12] all virtuous means to be avoided. Let⁠[13] it be your first care, then, not to be in any man’s debt. Resolve⁠[14] not⁠[15] to be poor. Whatever⁠[16] you have, spend less. Poverty⁠[17] is a great enemy to human happiness. It destroys liberty. It makes some⁠[18] virtues impracticable⁠[19] and others⁠[20] extremely difficult. Frugality⁠[21] is not only the basis of⁠[22] quiet, but⁠[23] of beneficence⁠[24]. No⁠[25] man can help others that wants himself. We must have⁠[26] enough, before⁠[27] we have to spare.”—S. Smiles, Self-Help.

We will accustom ourselves to be thrifty. Wir wollen uns daran gewöhnen, sparsam zu sein.

Do not excuse yourself with having had no time. Entschuldigen Sie sich nicht damit, daß Sie keine Zeit gehabt haben.

The verb sich gewöhnen requires the prep. an. Construe accordingly, and use the 2nd pers. sing.

Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · über das Schuldenmachen.Note 2 · ‘to hold’ here = to be of opinion, der Ansicht sein.Note 3 · Say ‘that debt (das Schuldenmachen) leads (Pres. Subj.; Comp. App. §§ 28 and 31) to ruin’.Note 4 · Say ‘What he says on (über) this subject (Gegenstand, m.) is important and worthy of our notice (Beachtung, f.)’.Note 5 · Place the words ‘said he’ at the end of the whole clause.Note 6 · When verbs and adjectives, governing a preposition, are used in a principal clause and are followed by a subordinate clause, either in the fNote 7 · an inconvenience, als etwas Lästiges.Note 8 · Say ‘You will find that it leads to poverty’, see S. 3, N. 2.Note 9 · to take away, entzie´hen, after which supply the pron. uns (from us).Note 10 · and — inability = and makes us so often incapable.Note 11 · it is ... to be avoided = we must avoid it (to agree with Armut), see S. 62, N. 4.Note 12 · by — means, nach besten Kräften.Note 13 · Say ‘Beware therefore (sich hüten) of running into debt’. To run into debt, Schulden machen. Use the Supine according to S. 34, N. 10.Note 14 · sich etwas vor´nehmen.Note 15 · not — poor = not to get (geraten) into poverty.Note 16 · Say ‘However little (Wie gering, after which supply the adverb auch) thy income (Einnahme, f.) may be, lay up a part of the same (so lege doNote 17 · Armut ist dem Glücke feind.Note 18 · einzelne.Note 19 · impracticable = impossible.Note 20 · supply here the adverb wiederum (again).Note 21 · ‘frugality’ here = thrift (to be used without the art.).Note 22 · of quiet, des innern Friedens.Note 23 · Supply here the adverb auch, and see S. 6, N. 10.Note 24 · Wohlthun, n., to be used with the gen. of the def. art.Note 25 · Say ‘He who (Wer, after which supply the pron. selbst) needs (bedürfen, requires the gen. of the def. art.) help, cannot help others’.Note 26 · to have enough, zur Genüge haben.Note 27 · Say ‘before (ehe) we can have to spare (etwas übrig haben)’.
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