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German composition

Section 109. ON⁠[1] SELF CULTURE.

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Section 109. ON⁠[1] SELF CULTURE.

(From⁠[2] an address delivered to an assemblage of young men at Edinburgh.)

I⁠[3] stand before you a self-educated man. My education was⁠[4] that which was supplied at the humble parish schools of Scotland; and it was only⁠[5] when I⁠[6] went to Edinburgh, a poor boy, that I devoted my evenings, after the labours of the day, to the cultivation of⁠[7] that intellect which the Almighty has given me. From seven or eight in the morning till nine or ten at night⁠[8], was I at⁠[9] my business as a bookseller’s apprentice⁠[10], and⁠[11] it was only during hours after these, stolen from sleep, that I could devote myself to study. I assure you that I did not read novels⁠[12]; my attention was devoted⁠[13] to physical science and other useful matters⁠[14]. During⁠[15] that period I taught myself French. I look back⁠[16] to that time with great pleasure, and am almost sorry I have not to go⁠[17] through the same troubles again. I⁠[18] reaped more pleasure when I had not a sixpence in my pocket, studying in a garret in Edinburgh, than I now find when sitting amidst all the elegancies and comforts of a parlour.—William Chambers.

This man has only (but) one coat. Dieser Mann hat nur einen Rock.

It is only one o’clock. Es ist erst ein Uhr.

Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · Über Selbstbildung.Note 2 · Aus; to deliver an address to an assemblage, vor einer Versammlung eine Rede halten; young men, junge Leute.Note 3 · I — man. This sentence does not allow of a literal rendering; say ‘You see before you a man who has educated himself’ (sich selbst bilden orNote 4 · was — Scotland = was such as (it) (eine solche, wie sie) is given (erteilen) at (in) a simple Scottish village-school.Note 5 · The adverb ‘only’, when used in reference to time, is turned by ‘erst’, but in references to number by ‘nur’; as—Note 6 · when — boy = when I, a poor boy, came to (S. 72, N. 4) Ed.Note 7 · Construe the clause ‘of — me’ according to S. 48, N. 6; intellect, Geist.Note 8 · ‘at night’, here abends, since Nacht applies only to the hours between 11 P.M. and 5 A.M.Note 9 · at = in, contracted with the Dat. of the def. art.Note 10 · Supply here thätig (engaged).Note 11 · Say ‘and only during the later (später) hours, which I stole from sleep (dem Schlafe ab´stehlen), could I’, etc.Note 12 · Roman, m.Note 13 · auf naturwissenschaftliche Studien ... gerichtet.Note 14 · Gegenstand, m.Note 15 · ‘During that period’ may be briefly rendered by damals; to teach oneself German, ohne Lehrer Deutsch studieren.Note 16 · zurück´blicken.Note 17 · to go through troubles, Beschwerden durch´machen; again, noch einmal. For the constr. see App. § 19.Note 18 · Say ‘When (S. 4, N. 2) I had no sixpence (Sechspfennigstück, n.) in my pocket and studied in a garret in E., I felt (sich fühlen) happier th
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