A GENERAL FRENCH-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (continued 35)

vif, n.m., quick; (jur.) person living; shaft (of a column). Être touché au —; to be touched to the quick. Trancher, or couper, dans le —; to cut to the quick; (fig.) to set to work in earnest. Piquer au —; to sting to the quick. Être pris sur le —; (of pictures, descriptions) to be very life-like.

vif-argent, n.m., (n.p.) quicksilver.

vigie, n.f., (nav.) look-out; look-out man; lurking rock; rock above water; (railways) seat (on the top of cars). Être en —; (nav.) to be on the look-out, on the watch.

vigilamment (-la-mān), adv., vigilantly, watchfully.

vigilance, n.f., vigilance, watchfulness.

vigilant, -e, adj., vigilant, watchful.

vigile, n.f., vigil, eve.

*vigne, n.f., vine; vineyard. — sauvage; wild vine. — vierge; wild-grape, wild-briony. — noire; black briony or bryony. — blanche; white briony, traveler’s joy. — de Judée; woody nightshade, bitter-sweet. Être dans les —s du Seigneur; to be in one’s cups, to be half-seas-over.

*vigneau, n.m. V. vignot.

*vigneron, n.m., -ne, n.f., vine-dresser, wine-grower.

*vignette, n.f., (engr.) vignette; (bot.) meadow-sweet.

vignettiste, n.m., vignettist, vignette-maker.

*vignoble, n.m., vineyard. Propriétaire de —s; wine-grower.

*vignoble, adj., wine-growing.

*vignot or vigneau, n.m., periwinkle.

*vigogne, n.m., vicuna-felt hat.

*vigogne, n.f., vicugna, vicuña, vicuna; vicuna-wool, swan’s down.

vigoureusement (-reûz-mān), adv., vigorously, stoutly, forcibly, energetically.

vigoureu-x, -se, adj., vigorous, stout, hardy, lusty, forcible, energetic.

viguerie, n.f., provostship (in Languedoc, Provence).

vigueur, n.f., vigor, strength, force; power, sturdiness; energy, spirit. Mettre en —; to put in force, to enforce. — d’esprit; strength of mind. Entrer en —; to come into force.

viguier, n.m., provost (Languedoc, Provence).

vil, -e, adj., vile, base, mean, despicable, low, wretched. À — prix; very cheap, dirt-cheap.

vilain, n.m., (feudalism) villain, villein; niggard; blackguard, cad, nasty fellow; miser. Oignez — il vous poindra, poignez — il vous oindra; a bad man will return evil for good.

vilain, -e (-līn, -lè-n), adj., ugly, vile, villainous, pitiful, miserable, unhandsome; shabby, worthless, nasty, filthy, slovenly, wicked; sordid, wretched, infamous, scandalous. Il m’a joué un — tour; he has played me a nasty trick. — temps; bad weather. Il fait —; it is nasty weather. C’est un — monsieur; he is a nasty fellow, an ugly customer.

vilain (-līn), n.m., -e (-lè-n), n.f., (fam.) naughty boy, naughty girl.

vilainement (-lè-n-mān), adv., uglily; basely, nastily, shamefully, scandalously, unworthily, villainously, wretchedly, naughtily, sordidly, improperly, deplorably.

vilayet, n.m., vilayet, large Turkish province.

vilebrequin (vil-brĕ-kin), n.m., center-bit, wimble.

vilement (vil-mān), adv., vilely, basely, meanly, abjectly, contemptibly.

vilenie (vil-nî), n.f., filth, nastiness, foulness, dirt; sordid avarice, niggardliness; trash, unwholesome food; mean, base, vile action, pl., offensive words; filthiness, obscenity.

vileté (vil-té) or vilité, n.f., cheapness, low price; unimportance, baseness, meanness.

vilipendement, n.m., vilification.

vilipender, v.a., to vilify, to despise, to cry down; to undervalue.

vilité, n.f. V. vileté.

villa, n.f., villa.

villace, n.f., (fam., l.u.) large, straggling, thinly-peopled city.

village, n.m., village. Des gens de —; country-folk. Il est bien de son —; he knows nothing of what is going on in the world.

villageois (-joâ), n.m., -e (-joaz), n.f., villager, rustic, cottager. adj. rustic, country.

villanelle, n.f., pastoral poetry; a dancing tune.

ville, n.f., town, city. — de commerce; commercial town. — maritime; sea-port town. — de bains or d’eaux; watering-place. — de guerre; fortress. Robe, or toilette, de —; walking-dress. Habit de —; (of officers) plain clothes, mufti. Costume de —; morning-coat, frock coat. Corps de —; corporation, town-council. Être en —; to be out (not at home). Il est allé dîner en —; he has gone out to dinner, he is dining out. Être à la —; to be in town.

villégiature, n.f., sojourn in the country. En —; staying in the country.

villette, n.f., (fam.) small town, townlet.

villeu-x, -se, adj., (bot.) villous, villose.

villifère, adj., villiferous.

villiforme, adj., villiform.

villosité, n.f., (bot.) villosity.

vimaire, n.f., damage caused (to forests) by storms.

vin, n.m., wine, vinosity, strength. — mousseux; sparkling wine. — non mousseux; still wine. Du — éventé; dead wine. — de Bordeaux; claret. Du — paillet; pale wine. — du Rhin; Rhenish wine. — de deux feuilles; wine two years old. — qui a beaucoup de corps; full-bodied wine. — ordinaire; dinner wine. — pur; neat wine (without water). — coupé; diluted wine. — de la comète; vintage wine. — brûlé, — chaud; mulled wine, negus. Marchand de —, or négociant en —s; wine-merchant. Un doigt de —; a drop of wine. Tremper son —; to dilute one’s wine. Il est en pointe de —; he has had a drop too much. Être pris de —; to be the worse for liquor. Être entre deux —s; to be half-seas over. Cuver son —; to sleep one’s self sober. Un sac à —; a drunken sot. Il a le — mauvais; he is quarrelsome in his cups. Il a le — bon; he is merry in his cups. À bon — point d’enseigne; good wine needs no bush. Du — à faire danser les chèvres; wine not fit to drink. Le — entré, la raison sort; (prov.) when ale is in, wit is out. Mouiller trop son —; to drown the miller.

vinage, n.m., putting alcohol into wine.

vinaigre, n.m., vinegar.

vinaigré, -e, adj., seasoned with vinegar.

vinaigrer, v.a., to season with vinegar.

vinaigrerie, n.f., vinegar manufactory.

vinaigrette, n.f., vinegar sauce; meat seasoned with vinegar; Bath chair, hand-chair.

vinaigrier, n.m., vinegar merchant; vinegar cruet; (bot.) sumac tree.

vinaire, adj., for wine. Vaisseaux —s; wine-vessels, wine-casks.

vinasse, n.f., very weak wine.

vindas (-dâs), n.m., (tech.) windlass.

vindicati-f, -ve, adj., vindictive, revengeful.

vindicte, n.f., (jur.) prosecution (of crime). La — publique; prosecution (by the public prosecutor). À la — publique; held up to public reprobation.

vinée, n.f., crop of wine, vintage.

viner, v.a., to put alcohol into wine.

vinetier (vi-n-tié) or vinettier (-nè-tié), n.m., barberry-tree.

vineu-x, -se, adj., vinous; winy, wine-colored.

vingt (vīn), n.m. and adj., twenty, score; twentieth. Quatre-vingts hommes; eighty men. Quatre-vingt-six bœufs; eighty-six oxen. [Vingt takes an s when preceded and multiplied by another number, but remains invariable when it is followed by another number.]

vingtaine (vin-tè-n), n.f., a score, about twenty.

vingt et un, n.m., (n.p.) vingt-et-un (card game).

vingtième (vin-ti-èm), n.m. and adj., twentieth.

vinicole, adj., wine-growing, wine-producing.

vinification, n.f., wine-making.

viol, n.m., rape, violation; indecent assault.

violacé, -e, adj., violaceous; (med.) purple.

violacées or violariées, n.f.pl., (bot.) violaceæ.

violat, adj., of violets.

violat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., violator, infringer, breaker, transgressor. adj., violating, transgressing, infringing.

violation, n.f., violation, transgression, breach, infringement.

violâtre, adj., inclining to a violet color, purplish.

viole, n.f., (mus.) tenor-violin; viol.

violement (viol-mān), n.m., (l.u.) violation; (old) infringement, infraction; rape.

violemment (-la-mān), adv., violently, with violence.

violence, n.f., violence; (jur.) force, stress. Faire — à quelqu’un; to offer violence to any one.

violent, -e, adj., violent; strong (of suspicion); (fig.) too bad. C’est par trop —; it is really too bad. Douleur —e; violent pain. Mort —e; violent death.

violenter, v.a., to force, to offer violence to; to compel, to constrain; to ill-use.

violer, v.a., to violate, to ravish; to break, to infringe, to transgress. — sa foi; to break one’s faith. — le droit des gens; to break the law of nations.

violet, n.m., violet-color.

violet, -e, adj., violet-colored.

violette, n.f., (bot.) violet. — tricolore; heart’s-ease, pansy. — de la chandeleur; snow-drop. — marine; Canterbury-bell.

violeur, n.m., violator, ravisher.

violier, n.m., wall-flower, gilly-flower. — des jardins; stock.

violiste, n.m., violist.

violon, n.m., violin, fiddle; violinist, violin-player, fiddler; cell, round-house, lock-up (prison). Mettre quelqu’un au —; to put any one in quod. Il a payé les —s; he paid the piper. Jouer du —; to play on the violin.

violoncelle, n.m., violoncello.

violoncelliste, n.m., violoncellist.

violoniste, n.m.f., violinist.

viorne, n.f., (bot.) viburnum.

vipère, n.f., viper, adder.

vipereau, n.m., young viper.

vipérin, -e (-rīn, -ri-n), adj., viperine.

vipérine (-ri-n), n.f., (bot.) viper’s-bugloss.

virago, n.f., virago, catamaran.

virée, n.f., veering.

virelai, n.m., virelay (ancient French poem on two rhymes).

virement (vir-mān), n.m., turning; (nav.) veering, tacking about; (fin.) clearing. — d’eau; (nav.) turn of the tide.

virer, v.n. and a., to turn, to turn about; (nav.) to tack; to heave. — de bord; (nav.) to tack about, to put about; (fig.) to change sides, to turn round, to rat. Vire! ’bout ship!

vireur, n.m., turning-gear; (phot.) toning.

vireu-x, -se, adj., poisonous, noxious, fetid, nauseous.

virevau or vireveau (vir-vô), n.m., (nav.) winch.

virevaude, n.f. V. vire-vire.

virevent (vir-vān), n.m., (orni.) kingfisher.

vire vire, n.f., (—) (nav.) whirlpool.

virevolte, n.f., (man.) volt right and left, quick turning.

☉virevousse or virevouste, n.f., bustle; (fig.) prevarication, shuffling, shifting.

virginal, -e, adj., virginal, maidenly.

virginalement, adv., maidenly, in a maiden-like manner.

virginité, n.f., virginity, maidenhead.

virgouleuse, n.f., a sort of winter pear.

virgule, n.f., (gram.) comma; (horl.) hook escapement. Point et —; semicolon.

viril, -e, adj., male, virile, manly. Age —; manhood, man’s estate.

virilement (-ril-mān), adv., manfully, manly, like a man.

virilité, n.f., virility, manhood, man’s estate, vigor, force.

virole, n.f., ferrule.

virolé, -e, adj., (her.) virole.

viroler, v.a., to ferrule, to hoop.

virtualité, n.f., virtuality, potentiality.

virtuel, -le, adj., virtual, potential.

virtuellement (-èl-mān), adv., virtually, potentially.

virtuose, n.m.f., virtuoso.

virulence, n.f., virulence, virulency.

virulent, -e, adj., virulent.

virus (-rus), n.m., virus.

vis (vis), n.f., screw. Escalier à —; winding, corkscrew staircase.

visa, n.m., (—) visa, signature, indorsement (on passports).

visage, n.m., face, visage; countenance, aspect, look, air. — pâle; pale face. À deux —s; double-faced. À — découvert; openly, bare-facedly. Avoir bon —; to look well. Faire bon, or mauvais, — à quelqu’un; to look pleasantly, or unpleasantly, at any one; to give any one a good, or bad, reception. Se composer le —; to compose one’s countenance. Changer de —; to change countenance; to turn pale; to have one’s face at command. Trouver — de bois; to find the door shut, to find nobody there.

vis-à-vis, adv., opposite, in juxtaposition.

vis-à-vis (vi-za-vî), n.m., (—) vis-a-vis (in dancing); vis-a-vis (carriage); opposite neighbor (at table).

vis-à-vis, prep., opposite, over against, over the way; towards, relatively. — de l’église; opposite the church.

viscéral, -e (vis-sé-), adj., visceral.

viscère (vis-sèr), n.f., (anat.) viscus. pl., viscera, vital organs.

viscosité, n.f., viscosity, viscidity, viscousness; clamminess.

visée, n.f., aim; end; design, plan, scheme.

viser, v.n., to aim, to take aim; to aspire (to), to endeavor. Il visait à ce but; that was his goal.

viser, v.a., to aim, to aim (at), to take aim (at); to drive (at); to countersign, to indorse (passports). Faire — un passeport; to get a passport countersigned, or indorsed.

viseur, n.m., aimer.

vishnou (vis-noo), n.m., Vishnu (name of one of the Hindoo deities).

visibilité, n.f., visibility, visibleness, obviousness.

visible, adj., visible, evident, manifest, obvious.

visiblement, adv., visibly, evidently, manifestly, obviously.

visière, n.f., visor (of a helmet); foresight (of fire-arms); shade (for the eyes); peak (of caps, etc.); (fam.) eyesight. Rompre en — à quelqu’un; to break one’s lance in the visor of one’s adversary; (fig.) to attack any one to his face; to break off with, to fall out with. Elle lui a donné dans la —; he was smitten with her.

visigoth (-gô), n.m., Visigoth; barbarian, Goth.

vision, n.f., vision, sight, phantom, chimera, fancy.

visionnaire, n.m.f. and adj., a visionary, a dreamer; visionary, fanciful.

visir, n.m. V. vizir.

visirat, n.m. V. vizirat.

visitandine, n.f., Visitandine (nun).

visitation, n.f., visitation. L’ordre de la —; the Order of the Visitation.

visite, n.f., visit; call; visiting; visitation; examination, inspection, search. Aller en —; to go visiting. En —; visiting, on a visit; as a visitor. Faire —, rendre —, à quelqu’un; to make a call upon any one, to pay any one a visit. Rendre sa — à quelqu’un; to return any one his, or her, call. Faire la — des caves; to search the cellars. Droit de —; right of search. Faire la — des bagages; to examine baggage.

visiter, v.a. and n., to visit; to make a visit, a visitation; to search, to examine, to inspect, to look. — un vaisseau; to search a ship.

visiteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., visitor; searcher.

vison, n.m., American marten.

vison-visu, adv., opposite one another.

visorium (-om), n.m., (print.) copy-holder, catch, jigger.

visqueu-x, -se, adj., viscous, slimy, clammy, sticky.

vissage, n.m., screwing.

visser, v.a., to screw; to screw on; to screw up; to screw down.

se visser, v.r., to screw; to screw on; to screw up; to screw down; to be screwed.

visserie, n.f., screws.

visu (de), adv., with one’s own eyes.

visuel, -le, adj., visual.

vital, -e, adj., vital, essential.

vitalement (-tal-mān), adv., vitally; essentially.

vitalisme, n.m., doctrine of the vitalists.

vitaliste, n.m., vitalist.

vitalité, n.f., vitality.

vitchoura, n.m., (—s) fur greatcoat.

vite, adj., swift, quick, fleet, speedy, rapid. Pouls —; quick pulse. — comme le vent; as fleet as the wind.

vite, adv., quick, quickly, fast, speedily; rapidly; expeditiously. Allez —; go quickly. Aller — en besogne; to be quick at work; (fig.) not to mince matters. —! quick! —! —! quick! make haste! look sharp. Au plus —; as fast as possible; that instant, that very moment. Faire —; to be quick, to make haste, to expedite matters. Allons! plus — que ça; come! hurry up! look sharp about it!

vitelotte (vi-tlot), n.f., kidney potato.

vitement (vil-mān), adv., quickly, speedily.

vitesse, n.f., swiftness, speed, celerity, quickness, rapidity. À la — de; at a speed of, at the rate of. Gagner quelqu’un de —; to outstrip, to outrun, any one. À grande —; at full speed. À toute —; at full speed. Train de grande —; (railways) express, express train. Train de petite —; goods train, slow train.

vitex, n.m., (bot.) vitex, chaste-tree.

viticole, adj., relating, pertaining to vine culture, wine-growing.

viticulture, n.f., vine-culture; viticulture.

vitonnière, n.f., (nav.) timber-hole.

vitrage, n.m., glazing; glass windows; glass partition.

vitrail, n.m., stained glass window, church-window.

vitre, n.f., window-glass or pane; pane of glass; window. Carreau de —; pane of glass. Casser les —s; to break the windows; (fig.) to speak boldly, to speak out one’s mind, not to mince matters.

vitré, -e, adj., glazed; (of doors) glass; (anat.) vitreous. Porte —e; glass door.

vitrer, v.a., to furnish with glass windows, to glaze.

vitrerie, n.f., glaziery, glazier’s work.

vitrescibilité, n.f., vitrescence.

vitrescible, adj., vitrescible.

vitreu-x, -se, adj., vitreous, glassy.

vitri-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., glazier; glazier’s wife.

vitrifiable, adj., vitrifiable.

vitrification, n.f., vitrification.

vitrifier, v.a., to vitrify.

se vitrifier, v.r., to vitrify.

vitrine, n.f., shop-window; show-case; glass case (in museums, etc.).

vitriol, n.m., vitriol.

vitriolé, -e, adj., vitriolated.

vitriolique, adj., vitriolic.

vitriolisation, n.f., vitriolation.

vitupérer, v.a., to vituperate, to reprimand.

vivable, adj., (fam.) sociable, pleasant to live with.

vivace, adj., long-lived, perennial; inveterate, deep-rooted. Plantes —s; perennial plants, perennials.

vivacité, n.f., vivacity, vivaciousness, liveliness, sprightliness, briskness; spirit, life, animation; ardor, vividness, brightness.

vivandi-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., sutler, canteen-man or woman.

vivant, -e, adj., living, alive; quick, animate, animated. Langue —e; living language. Rue —e; lively street.

vivant, n.m., person living, person alive; determined character; life, lifetime. De son —; in his lifetime. Du — de son frère; when his brother was alive. Un bon —; a jolly, or boon, companion; a high liver.

vivat (-vat), int., hurrah! huzza! Pousser des —; to cheer to the echo.

vivat (-vat), n.m., (—s) hurra, huzza. Crier —; to cheer, to hurra.

vive, n.f., (ich.) viver, weever.

☉vive-la-joie, n.m., (—) jolly, boon companion.

vivelle, n.f., darn, darning; gusset.

vivement (viv-mān), adv., quickly, briskly, sharply, smartly, vigorously, eagerly, keenly, deeply; angrily; poignantly; acutely; spiritedly; with animation.

viveur, n.m., high liver, free liver, fast man, man about town.

vivier, n.m., fish-pond.

vivifiant, -e, adj., vivifying, quickening, strengthening, recuperating, refreshing; invigorating, life-giving.

vivification, n.f., vivification, vivifying; revival.

vivifier, v.a., to vivify, to quicken; to give life to, to enliven, to animate, to refresh, to revive.

vivifique, adj., (l.u.) vivifying, life-giving. V. vivifiant.

vivipare, adj., viviparous.

vivisecter, v.a., to vivisect.

vivisecteur, n.m., vivisector.

vivisection, n.f., vivisection.

vivoter, v.n., to live poorly; to live from hand to mouth, to make shift to live, to rub along; to keep body and soul together.

vivre (vivant, vécu), v.n., to live, to be living, to be alive; to exist, to subsist, to be maintained, to board, to take one’s meals at; to behave. Il vit mal; he lives badly. Il vit mal avec son frère; he is on bad terms with his brother. Il vit aux dépens d’autrui; he lives at other people’s expense. Bien —; to live a good life. — bien; to live well (to have abundance of everything). Il fait cher — à Londres; living is dear in London. Faire —; to feed, to keep alive, to maintain. — de son travail; to live by one’s labor. — d’industrie, — d’invention; (b.s.) to live by one’s wits. — d’espérance; to live in hopes. Il faut que tout le monde vive; everybody must live. — dans les sapes; (Saint-Simon) to be mixed up in underhand intrigues. — en prince; to live like a prince. Savoir —; to be a person of good manners, of good breeding. Il ne sait pas —; he has no manners. Apprendre à —; to learn, or to teach, manners. Vive le roi! long live the king! Vive! hurrah for! Ne pas trouver âme qui vive; not to find a soul at home. Qui vivra verra; he who lives longest will see most. Il fait bon — ici; this is a good place to live in. Vivent les ministres! long live the ministers!

vivre, n.m., living, board, food. pl., provisions, victuals. Couper les —s à quelqu’un; to cut off any one’s supplies. Agents des —s; (nav.) agent-victualer. Bureau des —s; victualing-office.

vivres-pain, n.m.pl., (n.s.) (milit., nav.) bread-store.

vivres-viande, n.m.pl., (n.s.) (milit., nav.) meat-store.

vivrier, n.m., victualer.

vizir, n.m., vizier.

vizirat or viziriat, n.m., vizierate, viziership.

vocable, n.m., vocable, word, term, name.

vocabulaire, n.m., vocabulary.

vocabuliste, n.m., (l.u.) author of a vocabulary.

vocal, n.m., -e, n.f., (ecc.) vocal (voter).

vocal, -e, adj., vocal.

vocalement (-kal-mān), adv., (l.u.) vocally, orally.

vocalisation, n.f., vocalization.

vocalise, n.f., piece of music for exercising the voice.

vocaliser, v.n., (mus.) to vocalize.

vocatif, n.m., (gram.) vocative, vocative case.

vocation, n.f., vocation, calling, call; inclination; destination, talent. Suivre sa —; to follow one’s vocation, one’s bent.

vociférat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., clamorer, brawler, adj., clamoring, brawling, roaring.

vociférations, n.f.pl., vociferations.

vociférer, v.a. and n., to vociferate, to cry out, to roar.

vœu, n.m., vow; votive offering; vote, suffrage; prayer, wish, will, desire, pl., vows (religious ceremony). Faire — de jeûner; to make a vow of abstinence. Faire des —x pour quelqu’un; to offer up prayers for any one, to wish any one success. Être au comble de ses —x; to have reached the summit of one’s happiness.

vogue (vog), n.f., (nav.) rowing, sailing, going; (fig.) vogue, fashion, credit, repute, reputation. Avoir de la —; to be in vogue, in fashion. Mettre en —; to bring into vogue, into fashion. Succès de —; temporary success.

vogue-avant, n.m., bow-oarsman, bow.

voguer (-ghé), v.n., (nav.) to impel a boat (by rowing); to ride, to sail; to row (l.u.). V. ramer, nager. Vogue la galère! come what may!

☉vogueur (-gheur), n.m., rower; cork-bladder.

voici, prep., see here, behold, here is, here are, here come, this is, these are. — mon livre, voilà le vôtre; here is my book, there is yours. En — bien d’une autre; this is still more singular. Me —, le voilà; here I am, there he is, here he comes. Monsieur que —; this gentleman. Le — qui vient; here he comes. Nous y —; here we are. — venir votre frère; here comes your brother. — venir le printemps; spring is coming, is at hand, is near.

voie, n.f., way, road, track; path, organ, medium, channel; course, breadth (between the wheels of carriages); (hunt.) track (of deer, boars); conveyance, means of conveyance; load (of wood, stone, sand); means; (nav.) leak; (railways) gauge, permanent way, four-foot way; (chem.) process. Il est toujours par — et par chemin; he is always rambling about, always on the move. La — lactée; the Milky Way. — d’eau; two pailfuls of water; (nav.) leak. Faire une — d’eau; (nav.) to spring a leak. Boucher une — d’eau; to stop a leak. —s de fait; (jur.) assault, blows. En venir aux —s de fait; to come to blows. — ferrée; railway, railroad. Les affaires sont en — de hausse; things are looking up. Être sur la —; to be on the track, on the scent. Être en — de; to be in a fair way (of). — de garage, — d’évitement; (railways) siding, shunting-line.

voilà, prep., see there, behold, that is, those are, there is, there are. — l’homme; that is the man. Le —; there he is. Ah! vous —; oh! there you are. — qui va bien; that is getting on well now, that’s all right now, that’s capital. Le — qui arrive; there he comes. — qu’on m’appelle; I am called, some one is calling me. Comme la — triste! how sad she is! Comme vous — fait! what a strange figure you cut! what a plight you are in! — ce que c’est; that is what it is. — tout; that is all. En — assez; that is enough. En —-t-il! what a lot there is! En — pour! that will do for. — comme vous êtes; that is just like you. — comme je suis; you must take me as I am, I’m that sort of man. Ne —-t-il pas que ...; why, I declare it is ... or lo! and behold! it is ... Comme le — sale! see how dirty he is. — près d’un an; it is now nearly a year. — une heure qu’il parle; he has been speaking for an hour. Ne —-t-il pas qu’il pleut; well! I declare, it is raining.

voile, n.m., vail; cover, mask, disguise; cloak, color, show, pretense. Avoir un — devant les yeux; to have a mist before one’s eyes.

voile, n.f., (nav.) sail; (fig.) sail, ship. La — de misaine; the foresail. La — d’artimon; the mizzen. — de fortune; lug sail. Faire force de —s; to crowd all sail. Aller à —s et à rames; to go with sails and oars. Déployer les —s; to unfurl the sails. À pleines —s or à toutes —s; (nav.) with full sail, all sails set; at full speed; (fig.) willingly, heartily. Faire —; to sail. Caler la —; to strike sail. Mettre à la —; to set sail. À la —; under sail, sailing.

voilé, -e, adj., (nav.) provided with sails, rigged; (fig.) veiled, dull, dim, soft, gentle. Peu —; broad (of hints or language).

voiler, v.a., to veil, to cover; to cloak, to color, to blind, to disguise, to conceal, to muffle.

se voiler, v.r., to wear a veil; to be veiled, concealed, covered, muffled.

voilerie (voal-rî), n.f., (nav.) sail-loft; sail-making.

voilier, n.m., sail-maker; sailer (ship). Un bon —; a fast sailer (ship).

voilure, n.f., set of sails; trim of the sails.

voir (voyant, vu), v.a., to see; to look at, to behold, to observe, to view; to witness; to inspect, to superintend; to overlook; to keep company with; to be on visiting terms with, to frequent the society of. Je l’ai vu de mes propres yeux; I have seen it with my own eyes. Il veut tout — par lui-même; he insists on seeing everything with his own eyes, or for himself. Que vois-je? what do I see? — quelque chose en songe; to see anything in a dream. — le jour; to be born, to see the light of day. Faire —; to show, to let see. On n’a jamais rien vu de pareil; the like was never seen before. Vit-on jamais rien d’égal? was anything like it ever seen? Voyez ce tableau; look at that picture. Faire — du pays à quelqu’un; to lead any one a dance. — tout en beau; to see the bright side of anything. Il ne voit personne; he sees no company. Se faire —; to appear, to show one’s self. Je vous vois venir; I see what you are driving at.

se voir, v.r., to see one’s self; to see one another; to visit one another; to be, or to find, one’s self. Ils ne se voient point; they do not visit one another, they are not on visiting terms.

voir, v.n., to see; to have one’s sight; to superintend; to inspect, to look, to look out. Je vois bien quelle est son intention; I see plainly what he is driving at. Je ne vois point à quoi cela peut servir; I don’t see what purpose that can serve. Je lui ferai bien — à qui il s’adresse; I’ll show him what sort of a person he has to deal with. — clair; to see clearly. Y — trouble; to see dimly. Au vu et au su de tout le monde; openly, before every one. Ceci est à —; it remains to be seen. — de loin; to be far-sighted. N’y — goutte; not to see a bit, not to see a wink, not to see in the least. Voyons! let us see! come! now then! Ma maison voit sur un jardin; my house looks out into a garden.

voire, adv., even; ☉indeed, truly. — même; nay even.

voirie, n.f., commission of public ways or highways; common sewer, carrion, offal.

voisin, -e, adj., neighboring, bordering, adjacent, next; next door. La maison —e; the next house. Être — de sa ruine; (fig.) to be on the verge of ruin.

voisin, n.m., -e, n.f., neighbor. Être —s; to be next-door neighbors.

voisinage, n.m., neighborhood; vicinity; proximity, nearness; neighbors; (jur.) venue, visne.

voisiner, v.n., to visit one’s neighbors; to go a neighboring.

voiturage, n.m., conveying, transporting, carriage of goods (in cars, carts, vans, etc.).

voiture, n.f., carriage; coach; conveyance, vehicle; fare; load. — publique; stage-coach. — à deux chevaux; coach, or carriage, and pair. — de maître; private carriage. — d’arrosement; watering cart. — à bagages; luggage van. Station de —; cab-rank. — de louage; hired carriage. — de place; cab, hackney-carriage. — de remise; fly, hired carriage. Bureau de la —; coach-office. Place de —s; cab-stand. Descendre de —; to alight from a carriage. Se promener en —, aller en —; to ride in a carriage, to drive.

voiturer, v.a., to carry, to convey, to transport, to cart.

voiturier, n.m., carrier; wagoner; driver. V. roulier.

voiturin, n.m., driver (owner of a carriage usually lent on hire); the carriage so hired.

voix, n.f., voice, tone, sound; vote, suffrage; opinion, judgment; singer. — grêle; faint voice. — de tête; falsetto, head-note. Faire la petite —; to speak small. — aiguë; shrill voice. De vive —; by word of mouth, orally. À — basse; in a low voice, in an undertone, in a whisper. À haute —; in a loud voice, loudly, audibly. Aller aux —; to put to the vote, to divide. Donner sa —; to give one’s vote. Mettre aux —; to put to the vote. Aux —! vote! divide! À l’unanimité des —; without a dissentient voice. D’une seule, or d’une commune, —; with one voice, unanimously.

vol, n.m., robbery, theft, robbing, extortion, fleecing; larceny; stolen goods. — de nuit avec effraction; burglary. — de grand chemin; highway robbery. On l’a trouvé saisi du —; they found the stolen goods upon him.

vol, n.m., flying; flight, soaring; flock; cast (of hawks). Prendre un — trop haut; to soar too high. Prendre son —; to soar, to take one’s flight, or its flight. À — d’oiseau; as the crow flies. Au —; flying, on the wing.

volable, adj., liable to be stolen.

volage, adj., fickle, volatile, inconstant, unsteady, flighty. La jeunesse est —; youth is inconstant, flighty.

*volaille, n.f., poultry, fowl. Marchand de —; poulterer.

*volailler, n.m., poulterer; poultry-yard.

volant, -e, adj., flying, loose, floating, volatile; movable, portable (of paper), loose; (nav.) traveling; (paint.) floating (of drapery). Assiettes —es; extras, extra dishes.

volant, n.m., shuttle-cock; flounce (of a dress); fly-wheel (of machinery); sail (of a windmill). Jouer au —; to play at battle-door and shuttle-cock.

volatil, -e, adj., volatile; airy, light.

volatile, n.m.f., and adj., winged animal; winged.

volatilisation, n.f., volatilization.

volatiliser, v.a., to volatilize.

se volatiliser, v.r., to volatilize, to become volatilized.

volatilité, n.f., volatility, volatileness.

*volatille, n.f., (fam.) small birds for the table.

vol-au-vent, n.m., (—) (cook.) vol-au-vent, puff-paste.

volcan, n.m., volcano.

volcanique, adj., volcanic.

volcanisé, -e, adj., vulcanized.

volcanite, n.m., vulcanite.

vole, n.f., vole (at cards).

volée, n.f., flight (of birds); flock; covey, bevy, brood; rank; discharge (of one gun); volley (of guns); shower (of blows); peal (of bells); swing-tree, splinter-bar or bar (of a coach); drubbing, thrashing. Il a pris sa —; he has taken wings. Tirer à toute —; to fire a random shot. Sonner à toute —; to ring a full peal. À toute —; (of bells) in full and furious swing. Une — de coups de bâton; a shower of blows. Être de la première —; to be of the first water, of high rank; tip-top, crack, swell. Haute —; high rank, high class, society, aristocracy. Donner une — à quelqu’un; to give any one a drubbing. À la —; flying, in the air; (fig.) at random, rashly, unthinkingly. Entre bond et —; at a lucky moment.

voler, v.n., to fly, to fly about, to take wings, to soar, to be upon the wing. Le temps vole; time flies. — en éclats; to fly into pieces. Entendre — une mouche; to hear a pin drop.

voler, v.a., (hawking) to chase; to fly at, to fly.

voler, v.a., to steal, to rob, to fleece; to plunder; to take away, to usurp. — la bourse de quelqu’un; to steal any one’s purse. — de l’argent; to steal money. Ne l’avoir pas volé; to have richly deserved it, to have well earned it; to have got one’s deserts.

voler, v.n., to steal, to rob. — sur le grand chemin; to rob on the highway.

☉volereau (vol-rô), n.m., petty thief, pilferer.

volerie (vol-rî), n.f., robbery; robbing, pilfering; (falconry) flying.

volet, n.m., shutter, window-shutter; pigeon-house; dove-cot; ledge (of a pigeon-house), sorting-board (for seeds); (bot.) water-lily; (nav.) boat-compass.

voleter (vol-té), v.n., to flutter, to hover, to flicker.

volette, n.f., small hurdle, fly-net (for a horse).

voleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., thief, robber, stealer, extortioner, fleecer. — de grand chemin; highwayman, foot-pad. Au —! stop thief! Crier au —; to cry out, stop thief! Quand les —s se battent, les larcins se découvrent; when thieves fall out, honest men get their own. Être fait comme un —; to be in tatters.

volière, n.f., aviary, pigeon-house, large bird-cage.

volige, n.f., (carp.) scantling, batten.

volition, n.f., volition.

volontaire, n.m.f. and adj., obstinate, headstrong person; voluntary; intended, intentional; spontaneous; obstinate, willful, heady, headstrong.

volontaire, n.m., volunteer.

volontairement (-tèr-mān), adv., voluntarily, willingly, willfully, intentionally, spontaneously.

volontariat, n.m., (milit.) condition of the volunteer; volunteering.

volonté, n.f., will, mind, pleasure, intention, way. pl., whims, fancies, caprices. La bonne — est réputée pour le fait; the will is as good as the deed. Tout plie sous sa —; everything yields to his will. Il aime à faire ses —s; he likes to have his own way. Dernières —s; last will and testament. Bonne —; good-will, readiness, willingness. Avoir de la bonne —; to be willing. Mauvaise —; ill-will, unwillingness. À —; at pleasure, at will.

volontiers (-tié), adv., willingly, readily, gladly, with pleasure.

volsque, n.m.f., and adj., Volscian.

voltaïque, adj., voltaic. Pile —; voltaic pile.

voltairien, n.m., -ne, n.f., voltairian (a follower of Voltaire).

voltaïsme, n.m., voltaism.

volte, n.f., (fenc., man.) volt.

volte-face, n.f., (—) turning of the head, turning round. —! face about! Faire —; (milit.) to face about; (fig.) to turn completely round, to rat.

volter, v.n., (fenc.) to make a volt.

voltige, n.f., slack-rope; dancing on the slack-rope; tumbling; (man.) vaulting.

voltigeant, -e (-jan,-t), adj., fluttering, hovering.

voltigement (-tij-mān), n.m., tumbling; hovering, flying, fluttering, flutter; vaulting on a slack-rope.

voltiger, v.n., to flutter, to fly about, to hover; to vault on a slack rope, or on a horse; to tumble.

voltigeur, n.m., vaulter, voltigeur, tumbler, leaper; (milit.) footsoldier. pl., riflemen, light infantry.

volubile, adj., (bot.) volubile, volubilate, voluble.

volubilis, n.m., (bot.) convolvulus.

volubilité, n.f., volubility, rapidity, fluency. — de langue; volubility.

voluble, adj., (bot.) volubile, volubilate; voluble, fluent, quick (of speech).

volume, n.m., volume; bulk, size, mass; compass (of the voice).

volumineu-x, -se, adj., voluminous, bulky, large, considerable.

volupté, n.f., voluptuousness; pleasure, delight, luxury. Il y a de la — à boire quand on a soif; it is a luxury to drink when one is thirsty.

voluptuaire, n.m., adj., voluptuary; luxurious; (jur.) of expenses on ornamental repairs.

voluptueusement (-eûz-mān), adv., voluptuously.

voluptueu-x, -se, n. and adj., voluptuary, epicure; voluptuous, sensual.

volute, n.f., (arch.) volute, scroll; (conch.) voluta.

voluté, -e, adj., voluted, scrolled.

voluter, v.a., to wind silk thread; (arch.) to make volutes, to scroll.

volva or volve, n.f., (bot.) volva, wrapper.

volvé, -e, adj., (bot.) having a volva.

☉volvulus (-lus), n.m., (med.) ileus, (bot.) convolvulus.

vomer (vomèr), n.m., (anat.) os vomer.

vomique, n.f., (med.) vomica.

vomique, adj., vomic. Noix —; vomic-nut; nux vomica.

vomiquier, n.m., (bot.) strychnos nux vomica, nux vomica tree.

vomir, v.a. and n., to vomit, to bring up, to throw up; to belch out, to cast up, to vomit forth. Avoir envie de —; to feel sick. Faire des efforts pour —; to retch. — de la flamme; to belch out flame.

vomissement (-mis-mān), n.m., vomiting, sickness.

vomiti-f, -ve, adj., vomitive.

vomitif, n.m., vomit, emetic.

vomitoire, n.m., (med.) ☉emetic; (arch.) vomitory (large doors).

vorace, adj., voracious, ravenous.

voracement (-ras-mān), adv., voraciously, ravenously.

voracité, n.f., voracity, ravenousness.

vos, possessive adj. pl., your. V. votre.

votant, n.m., voter.

votant, -e, adj., voting, having a vote.

votation, n.f., voting.

vote, n.m., vote, voice, suffrage, poll, polling. — à main levée; show of hands. — au scrutin; ballot. Adopté par un —; carried. Rejeté par un —; lost, defeated.

voter, v.n., to vote.

voter, v.a., to vote. — des remercîments à quelqu’un; to pass a vote of thanks to any one.

voti-f, -ve, adj., votive, votary.

votre, possessive adj. m.f., vos, pl., your. — serviteur; your servant. Vos parents; your relations.

le vôtre, possessive pron. m., la vôtre, f., les vôtres, pl.m.f., yours. Il a pris ses livres et les —s; he has taken his books and yours.

le vôtre, n.m., your own, yours. pl., your relations, friends, etc.; your pranks, tricks. Je suis des —s; I am one of your party. Être des —s; to be one of you, to belong to your body; to form one of your party. Vous avez fait des —s; you have played one of your pranks.

vouer, v.a., to vow, to devote, to dedicate, to consecrate, to doom.

se vouer, v.r., to dedicate one’s self, to apply one’s self (to), to devote one’s self (to). Ne pas savoir à quel saint se —; not to know which way to turn.

vouge, n.m., boar-spear, bill-hook.

vouloir (voulant, voulu), v.a., to will, to be willing, to be inclined, to have a fancy, to be pleased, to intend, to wish, to require; to consent; to resolve, to determine; to want; to try, to attempt, to endeavor; to admit, to grant. Je le veux ainsi; I will have it so. Il veut que vous obéissiez; he will have you obey. Je ne veux pas; I won’t, I don’t mean to. Que voulez-vous? what do you want? what can I do for you? what can you expect? what was to be done? Il ne sait ce qu’il veut; he does not know his own mind. Dieu le veut; God wills it. Dieu le veuille! God grant it! Ce que femme veut, Dieu le veut; a woman must have her way. — c’est pouvoir; where there’s a will, there’s a way. Il veut que cela soit; he will have it so. — du bien à quelqu’un; to wish any one well. Je vous veux du bien; I am your well-wisher. Se faire bien, mal, — de; to win any one’s regard, to get disliked by. S’en — de; to be angry with one’s self for having. — du mal à quel-qu’un; to wish any one harm. Vous l’avez voulu! it is your own fault; you would have it. En — à quelqu’un; to bear any one ill-will, to owe any one a grudge. Elle m’en veut du mal; she bears me a grudge for it. Il en voulait à l’argent; he was after the money. Il nous demanda ce que nous lui voulions; he asked us what we wanted of him. À qui en veut-il? of whom, of what, does he complain? En veux-tu, en voilà; as much as ever you like, heaps and heaps of. Il y en avait à bouche en veux-tu; there was enough and to spare; heaps of it. Savoir ce que parler veut dire; to take the hint; to understand the (hidden) meaning. Que veut dire cet homme? what does that man mean? Que veut dire cela? what does that mean? or what is the meaning of this? Que veut dire ce mot? what is the meaning of this word? Si vous le voulez, il le voudra aussi; if you consent to it, he will do so too. Oui, je le veux bien; yes, I consent to it, I am willing. Je veux que vous sachiez; I wish you to know. Veuillez me dire; please, or kindly, tell me. Je le veux bien; with pleasure! I have no objection. Veuillez agréer; be pleased to accept.

vouloir, n.m., will. Bon —; good-will. Mauvais —; ill-will.

voulu, -e, adj., part., wished, wanted, desired; requisite, required; due, casual, received, accepted.

vous, personal pron., you, ye. — dites; you say. De — à moi; between you and me.

vousseau or voussoir, n.m., (arch.) wedge, archstone, vault-stone.

voussure, n.f., (arch.) curve, elevation of an arch, coving.

voûte, n.f., vault, arch, canopy. pl., (of a horse-shoe) hollow, vaulting. — surbaissée; surbased vault. La clef de —; the keystone. — imparfaite; diminished arch. — oblique; skew arch. — d’arête; groined vault. — de décharge; relieving vault. — acoustique; whispering dome or gallery. La — du ciel; the canopy of heaven.

voûter, v.a., to vault, to arch. — un fer à cheval; to hollow a horseshoe.

se voûter, v.r., to arch, to vault; (pers.) to be bent, to stoop, to grow round-shouldered.

voyage, n.m., voyage, journey, travel, trip. pl., travels. — de long cours; (nav.) long voyage, voyage in foreign parts. — d’aller; (nav.) outward voyage. — de retour; (nav.) return voyage. Faire un —; to travel, to take a journey. Faire un petit —; to go a short trip. Bon —! pleasant journey to you! Être en —; to be traveling, to be abroad. De —; traveling. En —; traveling, journeying abroad.

voyager, v.n., to travel, to voyage, to journey. — à pied; to travel on foot. — à cheval; to travel on horseback.

voyageu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., traveler; passenger. Commis —; (com.) commercial traveler, traveler. Oiseau —; migratory bird. Pigeon —; carrier pigeon.

voyant, -e, adj., gaudy, showy (of colors); person who can see, who is not blind.

voyant, n.m., (Bibl.) seer, prophet.

voyelle, n.f., (gram.) vowel.

voyer, n. and adj. m., surveyor of roads, inspector of highways; relating, pertaining, to roads.

voyou, n.m., (pop.) young blackguard, cad.

vrac, vrague, or vraque, n.m., (nav.) disorder. En —; pell-mell, unpacked, loose, in bulk. Charger en —; (nav.) to load with a loose cargo, or cargo in bulk.

vrai, -e, adj., true, real, right, genuine; proper; fit; regular, arrant; very. Il est — que je l’ai dit; it is true I said so. Est-il — que vous l’ayez dit? is it true you said it? Toujours est-il —; it is nevertheless true. Un — savant; a thorough scholar. Un — coquin; an arrant knave. Pas —! (fam.) isn’t it true! isn’t it a fact!

vrai, n.m., truth. À dire —, à — dire; to speak the truth. Cela sort du —; that is going from the truth, that is out of character. Au —; in truth, truly. Le — n’est pas toujours vraisemblable; truth is stranger than fiction.

vrai, adv., in truth, truly.

vraiment, adv., truly, indeed; verily, in truth, forsooth! Oui, —; yes, indeed.

vraisemblable (-san-), n.m. and adj., probability, likelihood; likely, probable.

vraisemblablement (-san-), adv., likely, probably.

vraisemblance (-san-), n.f., probability, likelihood.

vraque, n.m. V. vrac.

*vrille, n.f., gimlet; wimble, borer, piercer; (bot.) clasper, tendril.

vrillé, -e, adj., part., bored; spiral; curled; (bot.) claspered.

*vriller, v.a. and n., to bore, to make holes with a gimlet; (fig.) to ascend spirally (of fireworks).

*vrillerie, n.f., gimlet-making.

*vrillier, n.m., gimlet-maker.

*vrillon, n.m., small wimble.

vu, prep., seeing, considering. — son âge; considering his age.

vu, n.m., sight, examination, inspection; (jur.) introductory part. Au — et au su de tout le monde; in the sight of the whole world, with the knowledge of everybody; openly.

vu que, conj., seeing that, since.

vue, n.f., sight, eyesight; eyes; view, survey, inspection, prospect; light, window; design. Il a perdu la —; he has lost his sight. Avoir la — bonne; to have good eyes. Avoir la — courte; to be short-sighted. Avoir la — basse; to be near-sighted. Jeter la — sur un objet; to cast one’s eye upon an object. Baisser la —; to look down. Donner dans la —; to strike upon the eyes, to catch one’s eye. À perte de —; farther than the eye can reach; out of sight; at random; far-fetched. Des compliments à perte de —; long-winded compliments. Perdre de — une chose; to lose sight of a thing. À —; at sight. À — de pays; by guess. Garder un prisonnier à —; not to let a prisoner out of sight. À — d’œil; by the eye, visibly. Avoir la — sur quelqu’un; to keep a watch over any one. Avoir des —s sur; to have designs upon. Connaître de —; to know by sight. À dix jours de —; ten days after sight. Une — de côté; a side view. Un plan à — d’oiseau; a bird’s-eye view. Cette maison a une belle —; that house has a fine view. Son appartement a — sur la rivière; his apartment looks out upon the river. Dans la — de; with a view of. Il a de grandes —s; he aims at great things, he aims high. Je l’ai fait dans cette —; I did it with that end in view. Avoir une chose en —; to have a thing in one’s eye, in view.

vulcain, n.m., (myth.) Vulcan; (fig.) smith, blacksmith; (butterfly) red-admiral.

vulcanien, -ne (-ni-in, -ni-è-n), adj., (geol.) plutonian, vulcanian.

vulcanisation, n.f., vulcanization.

vulcanisé, -e, adj., vulcanized.

vulcaniser, v.a., to vulcanize.

vulgaire, n.m. and adj., vulgar, common people; vulgar, common. Le —; the vulgar herd, the common run of people.

vulgairement (-ghèr-mān), adv., vulgarly, commonly, generally.

vulgarisateur, n.m., adj., vulgarizer (of knowledge); vulgarizing, popularizing.

vulgarisation, n.f., vulgarization, diffusing (of knowledge).

vulgariser, v.a., to vulgarize, to popularize.

se vulgariser, v.r., to be, to become vulgarized, popularized.

vulgarité, n.f., vulgarity, commonness, triviality.

vulgate, n.f., vulgate (Latin Bible).

vulgivague, adj., prostituted. Femme —; prostitute.

vulnérabilité, n.f., vulnerableness.

vulnérable, adj., vulnerable.

vulnérablement, adv., vulnerably.

vulnéraire, n.m. and adj., (pharm.) vulnerary.

vulnéraire, n.f., (bot.) kidney-vetch, wound-wort.

vulnérant, -e, adj., wounding.

vulnération, n.f., wounding, wounds.

vulpin, n.m., (bot.) foxtail (grass).

vulpin, -e, adj., vulpine, fox-like.

vultueu-x, -se, adj., (med.) flushed (of the face).

vulve, n.f., (anat.) vulva.

W

w (double vé), n.m., (this letter does not belong to the French alphabet, and is used in foreign words only), w.

wacke, n.m., (min.) wacke.

wagon (va-gon), n.m., wagon, truck, van, railway carriage. — écurie; (rail.) horse-box. — étable; cattle-truck. — frein; brake-van. — lit; sleeping-car. — poste; mail carriage. En —! take your seats! — restaurant; dining car. — salon; Pullman car.

walhalla, n.m., (n.p.) Odin’s paradise.

walkyrie, n.f. (—s). V. valkyrie.

wallon, n.m., -ne, n.f., Walloon.

wallon, n.m., Walloon (language).

warrant, n.m., warrant.

warranter, v.a., (com.) to warrant, to certify.

watergang or watregan, n.m., small canal; ditch (in Flanders).

wesleyen, -ne, adj., Wesleyan.

whig (ooig), n.m., Whig.

whiggisme, n.m., Whiggism.

whiskey (ooiski), n.m., whisky (spirit).

whist, n.m., whist.

wicléfisme, n.m., Wicliffism.

wicléfiste, n.m., Wicliffite.

wigwam, n.m., wigwam.

wisk, n.m. V. whist.

wiskey, n.m. V. whiskey.

wolfram (vol-fram), n.m., (min.) wolfram.

wombat, n.m., (mam.) wombat.

X

x (iks), n.m., the twenty-third letter of the alphabet, x.

xanthe, n.m., (bot.) burweed.

xᵇʳᵉ (ab. of décembre), Dec.

xérasie (ksé-), n.f., (med.) xerasia, alopecia.

xerès, n.m., sherry-wine.

xérophagie (ksé-), n.f., xerophagy.

xérophtalmie (ksé-), n.f., xerophthalmy.

xiphias (ksi-fias), n.m., (ich., astron.) xiphias.

xiphoïde (ksi-), adj., (anat.) xiphoid, ensiform.

xylocope, n.m., (zoöl.) xylocope, carpenter bee.

xylographe (ksi-), n.m., xylographer, wood-engraver.

xylographie (ksi-), n.f., xylography, wood-engraving.

xylographique (ksi-), adj., xylographic, of wood-engraving.

xyloïdine, n.f., (chem.) xyloidine.

xylophage (ksi-), n.m. and adj., (ent.) xylophagan; wood-fretter, bark-chafer; xylophagous.

xylophagie, n.f., xylophagy.

xylophone, n.m., (mus.) xylophone.

xyste (ksist), n.m., (antiq.) xyst, xystos.

Y

y (i-grèk), n.m., the twenty-fourth letter of the alphabet, y.

y, adv., there, thither; within, at home. Je l’y ai vu; I saw him there. Allez-y; go there. Voulez-vous y aller? will you go there? Monsieur A., y est-il? is Mr. A. in, or at home? Oui il y est; yes, he is at home.

y, personal pron., by it, by them; for it, for them; in it, in them, therein; at it, at them; to him, to her, to it, to them. Il n’y est pas propre; he is not fit for it. Il n’y gagnera rien; he will get nothing by it. Ne vous y fiez pas; don’t trust him. Sans y penser; without thinking of it. Il — a; there is or there are.

yac, n.m., Union Jack.

yacht (iak), n.m., yacht.

yacou, n.m., (orni.) yacou.

yankee (-ki), n.m., Yankee.

yard (iard), n.m., yard (measure).

yatagan, n.m., yataghan.

yèble, n.m. V. hièble.

yénite, n.f., (min.) yenite.

yeuse, n.f., ilex, holm, evergreen oak, holly oak.

yeux, n.m.pl., eyes (plur. of œil, q.v.).

yole, n.f., (nav.) yawl. — gig; gig.

youyou, n.m., dingey, small boat (China).

ypréau, n.m., Ypres-elm, wych-elm.

ysard, n.m. V. isard.

yucca, n.m., (bot.) yucca, Adam’s needle.

Z

z (zèd), n.m., the twenty-fifth letter of the alphabet, z.

zabre, n.m., corn-ground beetle.

zagaie, n.f., assegai (African javelin).

zaïm, n.m., zaïm (Turkish soldier).

zain, adj., whole-colored (of horses, etc.).

zamie, n.f., (bot.) zamia.

zani, n.m., zany.

zèbre, n.m., zebra.

zébré, -e, adj., striped like the zebra.

zébrure, n.f., stripes (like the zebra’s).

zébu, n.m., (mam.) zebu.

zédoaire, n.f., (bot.) zedoary.

zée, n.m., (ich.) zeus.

zélat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., zealot, zealous person.

zèle, n.m., zeal, warmth, ardor. Avoir du — pour, à; to be zealous in. Avoir peu de —; not to be zealous, to be lukewarm. Avec —; zealously. S’enflammer de — pour; to be fired with zeal (for).

zélé, -e, adj., zealous.

zélote, n.f., zealot.

zélotisme, n.m., zealotry.

zend (zīnd), n.m., (n.p.) Zend; religious doctrine of Zoroaster.

zend, -e (zīnd), adj., relating to Zend.

zend-avesta (zīnd-), n.m., (n.p.) Zendavesta (sacred book of the Guebers or Parsees).

zénith (-nit), n.m., (astron.) zenith.

zénonique, adj., Zenonic.

zénonisme, n.m., Zenonism.

zéolithe, n.m., zeolite.

zéphire or zéphyr, n.m., zephyr, gentle breeze.

zéro, n.m., nought; cipher; zero (of the thermometer). À —; at zero. Au-dessous de —; below zero. C’est un — or un — en chiffre; he is a mere cipher.

zest (zèst), n.m., only used in the proverbial and familiar expression Entre le zist et le —; pretty well, so-so; middling; undecided, wavering (of persons).

zest (zèst), int., pshaw! nonsense presto!

zeste (zèst), n.m., zest (of a lemon, orange, walnut); straw, fig, nothing. Cela ne vaut pas un —; it is not worth a straw.

zététique, n.f. and adj., zetetics; zetetic.

zeugme, n.m., (rhet.) zeugma.

zézaiement, n.m., lisping, lisp (bad prononciation which consists in giving to g or j the soft sound of z).

zézayer, v.n., to lisp.

zibeline, n.f., sable. Martre —; sable fur.

zigzag (zig-zag), n.m., zigzag; crankle; (of lightning) fork. faire des —s; to reel about, to stagger. Aller en —; to zigzag. Eclair en —; forked lightning.

zigzaguer, v.n., to zigzag; to reel about.

zinc, n.m., zinc.

zincage or zingage, n.m., zinking, covering with zinc.

zincographe, n.m., zincographer.

zincographie, n.f., zincography.

zincographique, adj., zincographic, zincographical.

zingari, n.m., (—s) Gypsy.

zinguer (-ghé), v.a., to cover with zinc; to lay with zinc.

zinguerie, n.f., zinc-works.

zingueur (-gheur), n.m., zinc-worker.

zinzolin, n.m., red violet.

zircon, n.m., (min.) zircon.

zirconium, n.m., (chem.) zirconium.

zist (zist), n.m. V. zest.

zizanie, n.f., (bot.) ☉tare, darnel-grass; Canada rice; (fig.) division, dissension, discord, variance. Semer la —; to sow dissension, discord.

zizi, n.m., (orni.) cirl-bunting.

zodiacal, -e, adj., zodiacal.

zodiaque, n.m., zodiac.

zoïle, n.m., (—s) Zoilus; (fig.) a snarling critic.

zona or zoster (-tè-r), n.m., (med.) shingles.

zone, n.f., zone, belt. — glaciale; frigid zone. — tempérée; temperate zone. — torride; torrid zone.

zoné, -e, adj., zoned.

zoographe, n.m., zoögrapher.

zoographie, n.f., zoögraphy.

zoolâtre, n.m., zoölater.

zoolâtrie, n.f., zoölatry.

zoolithe, n.m., zoölite.

zoologie, n.f., zoölogy.

zoologique, adj., zoölogic, zoölogical.

zoologiste, n.m., zoölogist.

zoologue, n.m. V. zoologiste.

zoonomie, n.f., zoönomy.

zoophage, n.m. and adj., zoöphagan (carnivorous quadruped); zoöphagous.

zoophore, n.m., (arch.) zoöphorous.

zoophyte, n.m., zoöphyte.

zootigue, adj., zoötic.

zootomie, n.f., zoötomy.

zootomiste, n.m., zoötomist.

zopolite, n.m., vulture (Mexican).

zopissa, n.m., (nav.) zopessa (pitch scraped off ships).

zostère, n.f., sea-weed, wrack-grass.

zouave, n.m., zouave (soldier).

zoulou, n.m., zulu.

zut, int., be blowed! hang it! not if I know it! no use! no go!

zygène, n.m., (ich.) hammer-fish.

zygoma, n.m., zygoma.

zygomatique, adj., zygomatic. Arcade —; zygomatic arch.

zymosimètre, n.m., zymosimeter (instrument).

zymotique, adj., zymotic.