A GENERAL FRENCH-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (continued 25)

penser, v.a., to think, to think of. Il ne dit jamais ce qu’il pense; he never says what he thinks. — du bien de; to think well of. — à quelque chose pour faire réussir une affaire; to think of something to bring a matter to a successful issue. Que pensez-vous de cela? what think you of that? Pensez à moi; think of me. Que pensez-vous de lui? what is your opinion of him?

penser, n.m., inward reasoning, thought.

penseur, n.m. and adj., thinker; thinking, reflecting, thoughtful.

pensi-f, -ve, adj., pensive, thoughtful.

pension, n.f., pension, annuity, allowance, payment; board; board and lodging; boarding-house; boarding-school; livery (of horses); (milit.) mess. Prendre quelqu’un en —; to receive any one as a boarder. Se mettre en —; to go to a boarding-house. — bourgeoise; family boarding-house. Mettre ses chevaux en —; to put one’s horses out at livery. Mettre son fils en —; to place one’s son at a boarding-school. — de demoiselles; young ladies’ boarding-school, seminary for young ladies. — de jeunes gens; boarding-school for young gentlemen, seminary for young gentlemen. — de retraite; retiring pension. Obtenir une —; to obtain a pension. — viagère; life-annuity. Demi-—; board.

pensionnaire, n.m.f., boarder; pensioner; pensionary (in Holland). Demi-—; day-boarder. Prendre des —s; to take in boarders.

pensionnat, n.m., boarding-school.

pensionner, v.a., to pension, to grant a pension to.

pensum (pin-som), n.m., (—s) imposition, extra task (at school). Donner pour —; to give as an extra task.

pent, penta, prefix from Gr. πέντε.

pentacorde, n.m., (mus.) pentachord.

pentagone, n.m. and adj., (geom., fort.) pentagon; pentagonal.

pentamètre, n.m. and adj., pentameter.

pentandrie, n.f., (bot.) pentandria.

pentaphylle, adj., (bot.) pentaphyllous.

pentateuque, n.m., (Bible) Pentateuch.

pente, n.f., declivity, inclination, slope, descent; acclivity, ascent; incline, gradient; pitch (of roofs); valance (of a bed); (nav.) sides (of an awning); propensity, bent, turn. Le terrain va en —; the ground shelves down. Aller en —; to slope, to shelve, to incline. Avoir de la — au plaisir; to have a natural propensity for pleasure.

pentecôte (pant-kôt), n.f., Whitsuntide, Pentecost. Dimanche de la —; Whitsunday.

pentière (-tièr), n.f. V. pantière.

penture, n.f., iron-work, iron-brace; (tech.) hinge. — de sabords; (nav.) googings of the port-lids. —s en fer à cheval; scuttle-hinges.

pénultième (-ti-em), adj., last but one; (gram.) penultimate.

pénultième, n.f., (gram.) penult, penultima.

pénurie, n.f., penury, want, scarcity, dearth.

péone, n.f. V. pivoine (bot.).

péotte, n.f., peotta, large gondola.

péperin, n.m., peperine (volcanic stone).

pépie, n.f., pip, roup (disease of birds); (fig.) thirst. Elle n’a point la —; she is not tongue-tied. Il a la —; he is for ever drinking; he is always dry.

pépier, v.n., to chirp, to pip.

pépin, n.m., (bot.) kernel, pip, stone. — de raisin; grapestone.

pépinière, n.f., (hort.) nursery.

pépiniériste, n.m., nursery-man.

pépite, n.f., (min.) nugget.

péplon or péplum, n.m., (antiq.) peplus (lady’s cloak).

pepsine, n.f., (chem. pharm.) pepsine.

péquin, n.m., civilian, snob.

percale, n.f., cambric; muslin.

percaline, n.f., glazed calico; (bookbind.) cloth.

perçant, -e, adj., piercing, sharp, keen, shrill, acute. Froid —; piercing cold. Vent —; sharp, keen wind. Des yeux —s; sharp, piercing eyes. Des cris —s; piercing cries. Voix —e; shrill voice.

perce, n.f., piercer, borer, drill.

en perce, adv., broached, tapped. Mettre en —; to prick, to pierce. Mettre du vin en —; to broach a cask of wine.

percé, -e, part., pierced, bored, in holes; out at elbows. Habit —; coat in holes. Avoir le cœur —; to be struck to the heart. Maison bien —e; well-lighted house. Paysage bien —; broad, well-opened out landscape. Chaise —e; close-stool. Il est bas —; he is low in cash. Fruits —s de vers; worm-eaten fruits. C’est un panier —; money burns his pocket, he is a spendthrift.

perce-bois, n.m., (—) (ent.) borer, wood-borer; death-watch.

percée, n.f., or percé, n.m., opening, cutting (in a wood), vista, glade. Faire une — dans; to hew a passage through.

perce-feuille, n.f., (—-—s) (bot.) thorough-wax, hare’s ear.

perce-forêt, n.m., (—-—s) (fam., l.u.) keen sportsman.

perce-lettre, n.m., (—-—s) bodkin (for piercing paper).

percement, n.m., piercing, opening; cutting, boring; perforation.

perce-mousse, n.f., or perce-neige, n.f., (—) (bot.) snow-drop.

*perce-oreille, n.m., (—-—s) (ent.) earwig.

perce-pierre, n.f., (—-—s). V. passe-pierre.

percepteur, n.m., collector (of taxes); gatherer. — des impôts; tax-gatherer, collector.

perceptibilité, n.f., perceptibility, liability to collection (as taxes).

perceptible, adj., collectible; perceptible, perceivable.

perceptiblement, adv., perceptibly.

perception, n.f., the faculty of perceiving, perception; gathering, collecting; receipt; collectorship; collector’s office.

percer, v.a., to bore, to drill, to pierce, to tap, to broach, to open; to penetrate, to see through; to thrill; to lance; (engineering) to tunnel; to wet through (of rain). — avec un foret; to drill, to pierce. — d’outre en outre; to run through and through. — un ais; to bore a plank. — un tonneau; to tap a cask. — un escadron; to cut a passage through a squadron. — avec le bec; to peck through. — d’un coup d’épée; to run through the body. — l’avenir; to dive into the future. Les os lui percent la peau; his bones are coming through his skin. — un abcès; to lance, to open an abscess. — une forêt; to open up, or to make a road through, a forest. — une porte dans un mur; to open a door in a wall.

se percer, v.r., to bore, to be bored; to pierce one’s self, to be pierced.

percer, v.n., to pierce, to pierce through, to break, to break through, to come out, to come through, to open; to appear, to peep out, to peep forth, to transpire; to show one’s self, to discover one’s self, to manifest one’s self; to rise, to make one’s way, to get on; to make one’s way through a crowd. Les dents vont bientôt — à cet enfant; that child’s teeth will soon come through, that child will soon cut his teeth. Cette tumeur percera d’elle-même; that tumor will break, burst, of itself. — par son mérite; to rise, or to make one’s way, by one’s merit. Si compacte que soit la foule, perçons toujours; however dense the crowd may be, let us break through all the same.

perces, n.f.pl., holes of wind instruments.

perce-roche, n.f., (zoöl.) terebella.

perceur, n.m., borer.

percevoir, v.a., to receive, to gather, to levy, to collect (taxes); (philos.) to perceive.

perche, n.f., perch, pole; perch (measure); (hunt.) horns; (ich.) perch. — commune; barse. Petite —; cole-perch. Grande —; (pers.) walking rushlight, lanky person.

perché, n.m., perched, perched up, roosting. Au —; when perched, when roosting.

percher, v.n., to perch.

se percher, v.r., to perch one’s self, to perch, to roost.

percheronne, n.m.f., horse or mare (native of la Perche).

perchette, n.f., pole, prop, stay.

percheur, n.m. and adj., perching, roosting; percher (ornith.) titlark.

perchlorure, n.m., (chem.) bichloride, perchloride.

perchoir, n.m., roost.

perclus, -e, adj., (med.) crippled, impotent. Avoir le cerveau —; to be wanting in sense, in judgment.

perçoir, n.m., piercer (to tap casks).

perçu, -e, part., collected.

percussion, n.f., percussion, reverberation.

percutant, -e, adj., (artil.) percussion. Fusée —; percussion-fuse.

percuter, v.a., to percuss.

perdable, adj., losable.

perdant, -e, n. and adj., loser; losing.

perdition, n.f., waste, wreck, ruin; perdition, destruction. S’en aller en —; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin. Flotte de —; accursed fleet. En —; (of ships) sinking, in great distress.

perdre, v.a., to lose, to be deprived of, to be out of pocket; to waste, to ruin, to be the ruin of, to undo, to corrupt, to debauch; to spoil; (nav.) to carry away; (nav.) to cast away; (tech.) to discharge (water). — la santé; to lose one’s health. — la raison; to lose one’s reason, mind. — haleine; to lose one’s breath. — la tête, la carte; to lose one’s wits, one’s head. — une gageure; to lose a wager. — quelqu’un de réputation; to defame any one. — l’occasion; to lose the opportunity. — une chose de vue; to lose sight of a thing. Ses débauches le perdront; his debauchery will be the ruin of him. L’inondation a perdu les blés; the floods have spoilt the crops. Y — son latin; not to be able to make it out.

se perdre, v.r., to be lost, to lose one’s self, to lose one’s way, to stray; to be cast away; to have a rambling way of arguing; to be nonplused; to disappear, to fall into disuse; to ruin one’s self; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin; to spoil, to be spoilt; to get bewildered; to be at a loss; (nav.) to be carried away; (nav.) to be cast away; to hole one’s own ball (at billiards). Je m’y perds; I am getting bewildered; I cannot make head or tail of it. Se — d’honneur; to disgrace one’s self.

perdre, v.n., to lose, to be a loser, to be out of pocket; (nav.) to ebb. La marée perd; the tide is ebbing.

perdreau, n.m., (orni.) young partridge.

perdrigon, n.m., Perdrigon-plum.

perdrix, n.f., (orni.) partridge. — grise; common partridge. — rouge; red-legged partridge. Couple de —; brace of partridges. Œil de —; soft corn.

perdu, -e, part., lost, ruined, wasted; bewildered; undermined; spoilt; stray, forlorn, obsolete, out of use. — de dettes; over head and ears in debt. — de réputation; ruined in reputation. Courir, crier, comme un —; to run, to cry, like mad, like a madman. Un de — deux de retrouvés; there’s as good fish in the sea as ever was caught or when one door shuts another opens. C’est du bien —; it is casting pearls before swine. Tirer à coups —s; to shoot at random. Pays —; out-of-the-way, deserted country. À corps —; headlong, desperately. Heures —es; spare time, leisure hours. Un bienfait n’est jamais —; a good action never remains unrewarded. Enfants —s or sentinelle —e; (milit.) forlorn hope. Salle des pas —s; outer hall, waiting hall (courts of law).

père, n.m., father, parent; sire; man, fellow. — de famille; father of a family. Nos —s; our forefathers. —s du désert; old anchorites. Le saint-—, le très saint-—, notre saint-—, notre très saint-—, le — des fidèles, le — des Chrétiens; (c.rel.) the pope. — spirituel; father confessor. Beau-—, (—x-—s) father-in-law; step-father. — nourricier; foster-father. — la joie; frank, gay, hearty fellow. — aux écus; man with a great deal of money. De — en fils; from father to son, from sire to son. — noble; (thea.) heavy father, old man. Dormir, or s’endormir, avec ses —s; to sleep with one’s fathers. Petit —; dada, papa. De —; fatherly, paternal.

pérégrination, n.f., peregrination.

pérégrinité, n.f., (jur.) alienage, alienism, alienship.

péremption, n.f., (jur.) limitation, nonsuit.

péremptoire, adj., peremptory.

péremptoirement (-tôar-mān), adv., peremptorily.

☉pérennial, -e (-rè-n-nial), adj., perennial.

pérennité, n.f., perpetuity.

péréquation, n.f., assessment, equal distribution.

perfectibilité, n.f., perfectibility.

perfectible, adj., perfectible.

perfection, n.f., perfection, completeness. Le plus haut degré de —; the acme of perfection. La — en personne; perfection personified, the pink of perfection. En —; to perfection.

perfectionnement (-sio-n-mān), n.m., improvement, perfecting, finishing. Leçons de —; finishing lessons.

perfectionner, v.a., to perfect, to bring to perfection; to improve; to improve upon. — ce que les autres ont inventé; to improve on the inventions of others.

se perfectionner, v.r., to perfect one’s self; to improve one’s self; to improve.

perfide, n.m.f. and adj., perfidious, treacherous, false, false-hearted person; perfidious, treacherous, false. Le — m’a trahi; the perfidious man betrayed me.

perfidement (-fid-mān), adv., perfidiously, falsely, treacherously, basely.

perfidie, n.f., perfidy, perfidiousness; treachery; false-heartedness, treacherousness; treacherous action, treacherous thing. Faire une —; to commit an act of perfidy.

perfolié, -e, adj., (bot.) perfoliate, perfoliated.

perforage, n.m., boring; perforation.

perforant, -e, adj., perforating; perforative.

perforateur, n.m., (tech.) perforator.

perforati-f, -ve, adj., (surg.) perforative.

perforation, n.f., perforation.

perforer, v.a., to perforate, to bore.

péri, n.m., peri (Persian fairy).

périanthe, n.m., (bot.) perianth, perianthium.

périapte, n.m., periapt.

péribole, n.m., (arch.) peribolus.

péricarde, n.m., (anat.) pericardium.

péricardite, n.f., (med.) pericarditis.

péricarpe, n.m., (bot.) seed-vessel, pericarp.

périchondre, n.m., (anat.) perichondrium.

péricliter, v.n., to be in danger, in jeopardy; to threaten to fall (of building).

péricrâne, n.m., (anat.) pericranium.

péridot, n.m., chrysolite, peridot, olivine.

péridrome, n.m., (arch.) peridrome.

périgée, n.m. and adj., (astron.) perigee, perigeum; in its perigee.

périgourdin, -e, adj., of Perigord. n., native of Perigord.

périgueux (-gheû), n.m., (min.) Perigord stone.

périhélie, n.m. and adj., (astron.) perihelion, perihelium; in its perihelion.

*péril, n.m., peril, danger, jeopardy, hazard, risk. Au — de ma vie; at the hazard of my life. Être en — de ta vie; to be in danger of one’s life. Prendre une affaire à ses risques et —s; to run the risk of anything; to take all the risks. Mettre en —; to endanger, to put in jeopardy.

*périlleusement, adv., perilously, dangerously, hazardously.

*périlleu-x, -se, adj., perilous, dangerous, hazardous.

périmer, v.n., (jur.) to be barred by limitation, to pass out of date; to lapse, to drop.

périmètre, n.m., (geom.) perimeter.

périnéal, -e, adj., perinæal.

périnée, n.m., (anat.) perinæum.

période, n.f., stage, period (revolution); (med.) period; (astron.) period; (chron.) period; (gram.) period, sentence; (mus.) phrase. — lunaire; lunar period. — bien arrondie; well-rounded period. — embarrassée; involved period.

période, n.m., pitch, summit, degree, acme, period. Long — de temps; long period of time.

périodicité, n.f., periodicity.

périodique, adj., periodic, periodical; (arith.) recurring, circulating. Fraction —; (arith.) circulating, recurring decimal, repetend. Fraction — composée; (arith.) mixed circulating decimal. Style —; full style.

périodiquement (-dik-mān), adv., periodically.

périoste, n.m., (anat.) periosteum.

périostose, n.f., (med.) periostitis.

péripatéticien, -ne (-ci-in, -è-n), n. and adj., Peripatetic.

péripatétisme, n.m., Peripateticism.

péripétie (-pé-ci), n.f., sudden turn of fortune; revolution, vicissitude; (thea.) catastrophe, event, incident.

périphérie, n.f., (geom.) periphery.

périphrase, n.f., periphrasis, periphrase, circumlocution.

périphraser, v.n., to periphrase, to talk in a roundabout way, to express by circumlocution.

périple, n.m., (ancient geog.) periplus.

péripneumonie, n.f., (med.) peripneumonia, peripneumony.

périptère, n.m. and adj., (arch.) periptery; peripteral.

périr, v.n., to perish, to decay, to die, to be lost, to be destroyed, to sink, to fall off; (jur.) to be barred by limitation. — de froid; to perish with cold. — corps et biens; (of ships) to be lost with all hands. Tôt ou tard les méchants périssent malheureusement; sooner or later the wicked come to an untimely end. Faire — une armée; to destroy an army. L’instance est périe; (jur.) the suit is barred by limitation. Faire —; to put to death; to do away with.

périsciens (-si-in), n.m.pl., (geog.) Periscians, Periscii.

périssable, adj., perishable.

périssoire, n.f., canoe.

péristaltique, adj., (med.) peristaltic.

péristole, n.f., (physiolog.) the peristaltic motion (of the intestines).

péristyle, n.m. and adj., (arch.) peristyle; ornamented with a peristyle.

périsystole, n.f., (physiolog.) perisystole.

péritoine, n.m., (anat.) peritoneum.

péritonite, n.f., (med.) peritonitis.

perkale, perkaline. V. percale, percaline.

perlasse, n.f., pearlash.

perle, n.f., pearl; bead, beading (of bracelets, necklaces); best; (print.) pearl; (arch.) bead; (pharm.) pearl. Nacre de —; mother of pearl. — baroque; irregular pearl. — tube; bugle. Jeter des —s devant les pourceaux; to cast pearls before swine. —s fines; native, real pearls. Semence de —s; the smallest pearls. Herbe aux —s; gromwell, gromil. C’est la — des hommes; he is the best of men. Nous ne sommes pas ici pour enfiler des —s; we are not here to pick straws, or to trifle our time away. Faire la —; to froth, to froth up (of brandy).

perlé, -e, adj., pearled, set with pearls; pearly; beady; boiled twice (of sugar); (her.) pearled; (mus.) brilliant and delicate. Bouillon —; pearly broth. Orge —; pearl-barley.

perler, v.n., to pearl, to bead, to form globules. v.a., to pearl; to give a finish to; to polish.

se perler, v.r., to be, or to become, pearled.

perli-er, -ère, adj., of pearl. Huître —ère; pearl-oyster.

perlière, n.f., (bot.) cudweed.

perlimpinpin, n.m., used only in: poudre de —; quack powder; nostrum (pop.).

perlon, n.m., (ich.) swallow-fish, sapphirine-gurnet, tub-fish.

perlure, n.f., (hunt.) curling (of horns).

permanence, n.f., permanence, permanency. Armée en —; standing army. L’assemblée s’est déclarée en —; the assembly declared its sittings permanent. En —; permanently.

permanent, -e, adj., permanent, lasting; (mec.) constant.

perméabilité, n.f., permeability, perviousness.

perméable, adj., permeable, pervious.

permettre, v.a., to permit, to allow, to suffer, to give leave, to let, to enable, to afford. Permettez-moi de vous dire; allow me to tell you, let me tell you. Permettez! allow me! excuse me!

se permettre, v.r., to permit, to allow, to suffer one’s self (to); to indulge; to indulge one’s self; to take the liberty (of); to take upon one’s self (to), to assume, to dare.

permis, -e, part., lawful, permitted, allowed; justifiable. S’il m’est — de le dire; if I may say so. À vous — de or — à vous de; you may if you like. S’il m’est — de; if I may, if I may be allowed. Est-il — d’entrer? may I come in?

permis, n.m., permit, license, pass; leave. — de chasse; shooting-license. — de circulation; (rail.) pass. — de séjour; permission to reside.

permission, n.f., permission, consent, allowance, leave, permit. Avec votre —; by your leave. Abuser de la —; to go beyond bounds. Prendre la — sous son bonnet; to take French leave.

permixtion (-miks-ti-on), n.f., permixtion.

permutabilité, n.f., commutability, permutability.

permutable, adj., (gram.) commutable.

permutant, n.m., permuter.

permutation, n.f., permutation, commutation, exchange, change. — de consonnes; transposition of consonants.

permuter, v.a., to exchange, to permute, to commute, to transpose.

se permuter, v.r., (gram.) to be permuted, or exchanged, or transposed.

pernicieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., perniciously, mischievously, hurtfully, injuriously, prejudicially.

pernicieu-x, -se, adj., pernicious, mischievous, hurtful, injurious, prejudicial. — à la santé; pernicious to health.

péroné, n.m., (anat.) fibula (small bone of the leg).

péronnelle, n.f., hussy, saucy baggage, gossip; silly, talkative woman.

péroraison, n.f., peroration.

pérorer, v.n., to harangue; to hold forth; to speechify.

péroreur, n.m., haranguer, speechifier.

pérot, n.m., sapling (of the age of two cuttings).

pérou, n.m., Peru. Ce n’est pas le —; it is no great thing, no great haul.

péroxyde, n.m., (chem.) peroxide.

perpendiculaire, n.f. and adj., perpendicular. Abaisser une —; to let fall a perpendicular. Elever une —; to raise a perpendicular.

perpendiculairement (-lèr-mān), adv., perpendicularly.

perpendicularité, n.f., perpendicularity.

perpendicule, n.m., (l.u.) plumb-line, perpendicle.

perpétration, n.f., (jur.) perpetration.

perpétrer, v.a., (jur.) to perpetrate, to commit.

perpétuation, n.f., perpetuation.

perpétuel, -le, adj., perpetual, permanent, never-ceasing, endless, for life.

perpétuellement (-èl-mān), adj., perpetually, everlastingly.

perpétuer, v.a., to perpetuate.

se perpétuer, v.r., to be perpetuated, to last, to endure, to continue.

perpétuité, n.f., perpetuity. À —; forever; for life. Condamner aux travaux forcés à —; to sentence to penal servitude for life.

perplexe, adj., perplexed, embarrassed, irresolute; perplexing.

perplexité, n.f., perplexity, embarrassment.

perquisition, n.f., perquisition, search; investigation. Mandat de —; search-warrant. Lancer un mandat de —; to issue a search-warrant.

perré, n.m., (arch.) water-wing; (of the sea) pebbly shore, shingly beach.

perrin-dandin, n.m., an ignorant, greedy judge.

perron, n.m., flight of steps (before a house); outside landing; (arch.) perron.

perroquet, n.m., (orni.) parrot; parrot (pers.); (nav.) top-gallant sail, gallant. Parler comme un —; to talk like a parrot.

perruche, n.f., she-parrot; perroquet; (nav.) mizzen top-gallant sail.

perruque, n.f., wig, periwig, peruke, pig-tail; mop, shock. — à nœuds; bobwig, bobtail-wig. Tête à —; barber’s block; prejudiced old man.

perruquier, n.m., wig-maker, peruke-maker; hair-dresser; barber.

perruquière, n.f., barber’s wife.

☉pers, -e, adj., blue; bluish.

persan, -e, n. and adj., Persian.

persan, n.m., Persian language.

persane, n.f., Persian woman.

perse, n.f., (geog.) Persia; Persian woman; chintz.

perse, n.m., (ancient hist.) Persian.

persécutant, -e, adj., troublesome, teasing.

persécuter, v.a., to persecute, to trouble, to importune, to tease; to bore, to dun.

persécut-eur, -rice, n. and adj., persecutor, troublesome man or woman; persecuting, importunate, troublesome.

persécution, n.f., persecution, annoyance, importunity.

persée, n.m., (astron.) Perseus.

persévéramment (-ra-mān), adv., perseveringly.

persévérance, n.f., perseverance, steadiness, industry.

persévérant, -e, adj., persevering, steady, industrious.

persévérer, v.n., to persevere, to be steadfast, to persist in one’s opinion. — dans un dessein; to persevere in a design.

persicaire, n.f., (bot.) water-pepper.

persicot, n.m., persicot (cordial).

persienne, n.f., shutter-blind, Venetian shutter. — fixe; louver window.

persiflage, n.m., quizzing, bantering, banter, chaffing, chaff.

persifler, v.a., to quiz, to rally, to banter, to chaff.

persifleur, n.m., banterer, quiz. adj., quizzing, bantering, chaffing.

persil, n.m., (bot.) parsley. — d’âne; beaked parsley. — des marais; sium angustifolium or marsh-parsley.

*persillade, n.f., (cook.) beef dressed with vinegar and parsley.

*persillé, -e, adj., spotted; blue-moldy (of cheese).

persique, adj., (arch.) Persian, Persic.

persistance, n.f., persistence, persistency.

persistant, -e, adj., (bot.) persistent, persisting.

persister, v.n., to persist (in), to keep to. Il persiste à nier; he persists in denying. Il persiste dans son sentiment; he maintains his opinion.

personnage, n.m., personage, person, great person, somebody; (theat.) character, part. C’est un sot —; he is a silly, ignorant fellow. Il joue bien son —; he plays his part well. Je connais le —; I know the fellow. Voilà un plaisant —! what an absurd fellow! Tapisserie à —s; figured tapestry.

personnalité, n.f., personal feeling; self-love, selfishness, egotism; personality; personal remark.

personnat, n.m., sort of benefice.

personne, n.f., person, man, woman, child, female; own self; exterior, appearance; (gram., theol.) person. Jeune —; young lady, young girl. Parlant à sa —; (jur.) speaking to him in person. Les —s de condition; people of fashion. Sans acception de —s; without respect of persons. Il est bien fait de sa —; he has a handsome person or exterior. J’y étais en —; I was there in person. Avoir soin de sa —; to take care of one’s self. Il aime sa —; he loves his dear self. Payer de sa —; to expose one’s self to danger; to be in the thick of the fight or fray; (fig.) to exert one’s self. À la première, seconde, troisième —; (gram.) in the first, second, third, person. C’est la bonté en —; he (or she) is kindness itself.

personne, pron. m., nobody, no man, none, no one; any body, any one. Il n’y a — à la maison; there is nobody at home. Je doute que — y réussisse; I doubt whether any one will or would succeed in it.

personnée, n. and adj. f., (bot.) personate, masked flower; personate, masked.

personnel, -le, adj., personal; selfish.

personnel, n.m., ☉personal character; staff, (all the persons composing any establishment); staff of servants, officials, hands; (milit., nav.) personnel.

personnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., personally.

personnification, n.f., personification, personation.

personnifier, v.a., to personify; to impersonate.

perspecti-f, -ve, adj., perspective.

perspective, n.f., perspective, view; prospect, distance, vista, opening. — aérienne; aërial perspective. Cela borne la —; that bounds the prospect. — riante; delightful prospect. Il a la — d’une grande fortune; he has a large fortune in prospect. En —; in the distance; in prospect, in expectation.

perspicace, adj., perspicacious.

perspicacité, n.f., perspicacity.

perspicuité, n.f., perspicuity.

persuader, v.a., to persuade, to make to believe, to convince, to satisfy; to imagine. J’en suis persuadé; I am convinced of it.

se persuader, v.r., to persuade, to convince one’s self; to be persuaded, to imagine.

persuader, v.n., to persuade, to convince.

persuasible, adj., persuasible, persuadable.

persuasi-f, -ve, adj., persuasive; persuading, convincing, clinching.

persuasion, n.f., persuasion, conviction, belief, opinion. L’éloquence a pour but la —; the object of eloquence is to persuade. Agir à la — d’un autre; to act by (the) persuasion of another.

persuasivement, adv., persuasively.

perte, n.f., loss, losings; ruin, waste, wastefulness; fall, doom. À —; at a loss; (med.) flooding. Faire une —; to meet with a loss. Être en —; to be a loser. Courir à sa —; to go to one’s ruin, to one’s doom. — de temps; waste of time. La — du Rhône; (geog.) place where the Rhone disappears beneath the rocks. Vendre à —; to sell at a loss. En pure —; to no purpose, uselessly, in vain. À — de vue; as far as the eye can reach. Je suis en —; I am a loser by it.

pertinacité, n.f., pertinacity.

pertinemment (-na-mān), adv., pertinently.

pertinence, n.f., pertinency.

pertinent, -e, adj., pertinent.

pertuis, n.m., (geog.) straits; sluice, narrow opening in a flood-gate.

pertuisane, n.f., partisan, halberd.

pertuisanier, n.m., halberdier; warder.

perturbat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., disturber; disturbing.

perturbation, n.f., perturbation, disturbance, commotion.

pervenche, n.f., (bot.) periwinkle.

pervers, -e, adj., perverse, froward, untoward, wicked.

pervers, n.m., perverse, froward person; wrong-doer.

perversion, n.f., perversion.

perversité, n.f., perversity, perverseness, frowardness, untowardness.

pervertir, v.a., to pervert, to be pervertive of, to be a perverter of. Se —; to be perverted.

pervertissable, adj., pervertible.

pervertissement (-tis-mān), n.m., perversion, corruption.

pervertisseur, n.m., perverter, corrupter.

pesade, n.f., (man.) pesade.

pesage, n.m., weighing; weighing-room, saddling-room.

pesamment (pĕ-za-mān), adv., heavily, ponderously, weightily, lumpishly; slowly.

pesant, -e, adj., heavy, ponderous, weighty; unwieldy, lumpish; cumbersome; sluggish, slow; full weight. Fardeau —; heavy burden. Cheval — à la main; hard-mouthed horse. Il a la main —e; he has a heavy hand. Il a l’esprit —; he is dull-minded. Joug —; heavy yoke. Un louis d’or —; a louis d’or of the full weight.

pesant, n.m., weight. Il vaut son — d’or; he is worth his weight in gold.

pesant, adv., weight, in weight.

pesanteur, n.f., weight, heaviness, weightiness; sluggishness, dullness, slowness, unwieldiness; ponderosity, ponderousness; (phys.) force of gravity, gravity. — de tête; heaviness in the head. — d’esprit; dullness of mind.

pesée, n.f., weighing; all that is weighed at once. Faire une —; to weigh.

pèse-acide, n.m., acetometer.

pèse-lait, n.m., lactometer.

pèse-lettres, n.m., letter-weigher, letter-scales.

pèse-liqueur, n.m., (—, or —-—s) hydrometer.

peser, v.a., to weigh; to ponder, to consider, to estimate. — les raisons de quelqu’un; to weigh any one’s arguments. — ses paroles; to weigh one’s words.

peser, v.n., to weigh, to be of weight, to be heavy; to hang upon; to bear upon; to lean, to lie heavy; to be a burden; to dwell upon. Viande qui pèse sur l’estomac; meat that lies heavy upon the stomach. Cela me pèse sur le cœur; that lies heavy upon my heart. — sur un levier; to bear upon a lever.

pesette, n.f., assay-scales.

peseur, n.m., weigher.

peson, n.m., steelyard.

pessaire, n.m., (med.) pessary.

pesse, n.f., (bot.) mare’s tail.

pessimisme, n.m., pessimism.

pessimiste, n.m., pessimist.

peste, n.f., plague, pestilence, pest, torment; bore, nuisance; stench. La flatterie est la — des cours; flattery is the plague of courts. — soit du fou! plague on the fool! — soit de! out upon!

peste, adj., sly, arch.

peste! int., plague on it! the deuce! by Jove! hang it! bless me! indeed!

pester, v.n., to inveigh against, to bluster, to storm, to rave. Il peste contre ses juges; he rails, (swears) at his judges. — entre chair et cuir; to fret and fume in secret.

pestifère, adj., (l.u.) pestiferous, pestilential.

pestiféré, -e, n. and adj., person infected with the plague; plague-stricken.

pestilence, n.f., pestilence.

pestilent, -e, adj., pestilential.

pestilentiel, -le (-ci-èl), adj., pestilential, infectious, contagious.

pet, n.m., (l.ex.) fart, wind. Un — de nonne; apple-fritter.

pétale, n.m., (bot.) petal, flower-leaf.

pétalé, -e, adj., (bot.) petalous, petaled.

pétalisme, n.m., (antiq.) petalism.

pétalite, n.f., petalite.

pétaloide, adj., petaloid.

pétarade, n.f., (of animals) farting; trumpeting with the mouth; cracking; noise of crackers.

pétard, n.m., (milit.) petard; (fireworks) cracker.

pétarder, v.a., to blow up with a petard.

pétardier, n.m., one who makes petards.

pétase, n.m., (antiq.) petasus; broad-brimmed hat.

pétaud, n.m. C’est la cour du roi —; it is Bedlam broken loose; Dover court.

pétaudière, n.f., bear-garden, tumultuous assembly.

pétéchial, -e, adj., (med.) petechial. Fièvre —e; petechial fever.

pétéchies, n.f.pl., (med.) petechiæ.

pet-en-l’air, n.m., (—) man’s short morning gown.

péter, v.n., (l.ex.) to burst; to break, to snap; to crackle, to crack; to bounce; to fart, to break wind; (of fire-arms) to explode, to burst.

péteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (l.ex.) sorry fellow, milksop.

*pétillant, -e, adj., crackling, sparkling.

*pétillement, n.m., crackling, sparkling.

*pétiller, v.n., to crackle; to sparkle; to long to do a thing, to be eager to. Son ouvrage pétille d’esprit; his work sparkles with wit. Ses yeux pétillent; his eyes sparkle. — d’impatience; to boil over with impatience.

pétiolaire (-ci-), adj., (bot.) petiolary.

pétiole (-ci-), n.m., (bot.) petiole, leaf-stalk.

pétiolé, -e (-ci-), adj., (bot.) petiolate.

petiot, -e, n. and adj., tiny, wee; little fellow, little one; darling.

petit, -e, adj., little, small, diminutive, short, unimportant, petty, slight, trifling; light; faint; grand (of one’s children’s children). —-fils (—s-—); grandson. Un — homme; a little man. Un homme —; a mean man. Un — roi; a petty king. Le — peuple; the common people. Le — monde; the common people. —e guerre. V. guerre. — collet; young clergyman. —e vérole; small-pox. De la —e bière; small-beer. — à —; by degrees. —-maître, (—s-—s) coxcomb. —e-maîtresse, (—s-—s) belle; vain, foppish woman. — à — l’oiseau fait son nid; small strokes fell great oaks. Les —s ruisseaux font les grandes rivières; many a little makes a mickle. En —, au — pied; in miniature, on a small scale. En — pays; in a small way. Être aux —s soins pour; to be all attention to. — mercier — panier; (prov.) small positions for small brains.

petit, n.m., -e, n.f., little child; little one; dear, darling; young one; whelp, pup, kitten, cub. Les petits; (at school) the junior boys. Les —s d’une chienne; the pups of a bitch. Les —s d’une truie; the litter of a sow. Faire des —s; to bring forth young ones. Pauvre —; poor little fellow or chap.

petitement (pĕtit-mān), adv., in a small way; little; slenderly, meanly, poorly. Il est logé —; he has modest lodgings, he is cramped for room.

petite-oie, n.f., (n.p.) (cook.) giblets; ☉stockings, gloves, hat and other minor parts of clothing; ☉minor tokens of love.

petitesse, n.f., smallness, littleness, shortness, insignificance; meanness, shabbiness; shallowness, narrowness. — d’âme; meanness of soul. — d’esprit; narrowness of mind. C’est une — de sa part; it is a piece of meanness on his part.

petit-gris, n.m., (—s-—) minever, Siberian squirrel.

pétition, n.f., petition, memorial, request. Faire une —; to draw up, to address, a petition. Faire présenter une —; to petition, to memorialize. — de principe; (log.) petitio principii, begging the question.

pétitionnaire, n.m.f., petitioner, applicant.

pétitionnement, n.m., petitioning, memorializing.

pétitionner, v.n., to make a request, to petition, to memorialize.

pétitoire, adj., (jur.) petitory (claiming the right of property in real estate).

pétitoire, n.m., (jur.) claim of ownership.

peton, n.m., foot (of children); tiny foot.

pétoncle, n.m., (conch.) scallop.

pétreau, n.m., (gard.) sucker (of a tree).

pétrée, adj.f., (geog.) stony. [Only used in Arabie —; Arabia Petræa.]

pétrel, n.m., (orni.) petrel.

pétreu-x, -se, adj., (anat.) stone-like; rocky, stony.

pétri, -e, part., kneaded. C’est un homme tout — de salpêtre; he is a passionate or violent-tempered man. — d’ignorance; steeped in ignorance.

pétrifiant, -e, adj., petrifying.

pétrification, n.f., petrifaction, petrification.

pétrifier, v.a., to petrify.

se pétrifier, v.r., to petrify, to turn into stone.

pétrin, n.m., kneading-trough; scrape, hobble, pickle; hot-water. Se mettre dans le —; to get into hot-water, into a scrape. Un — impossible; terrible, indescribable disorder, confusion.

pétrir, v.a., to knead, to mold, to form.

pétrissable, adj., that can be kneaded; (fig.) yielding, pliant, submissive, obedient, easily led.

pétrissage, n.m., kneading, working, forming.

pétrisseur, n.m., -se, n.f., kneader, journeyman-baker. — mécanique; kneading machine.

pétrole, n.m., petroleum, rock-oil.

pétroleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., miscreant who commits arson by means of petroleum (as in France under the Commune).

pétrosilex (-lèks), n.m., (min.) petrosilex.

in petto (i-n pèt-to), adv., in petto, secretly, inwardly.

pétulamment (-la-mān), adv., petulantly.

pétulance, n.f., petulance, petulancy.

pétulant, -e, adj., petulant; saucy, frisky.

☉petun, n.m., tobacco, snuff.

☉petuner, v.n., to take snuff; to smoke.

pétunia, n.m., (bot.) petunia.

pétunsé or pétunzé, n.m., petunse, china-stone.

peu, adv., little, not much, few, not many. — ou point; little or nothing. Ni — ni point; none at all. — d’argent; little money. — d’hommes; few men. — aimable; not very amiable. Fort —; very little. Quelque —; a little. Si — que; however little. Si — que rien; next to nothing. Tant soit —; ever so little. — à —; by degrees. Dans —, dans — de temps; in a little or short time. Dans — de jours; in a few days. À — près, à — de chose près; nearly about, within a trifle. Attendez un —; wait a little. Imaginez un —! just fancy! Pour — que; if only ... if at all ... if ... ever so little.

peu, n.m., little, few. Le — que je vaux; the little (that) I am worth. Encore un —; a little longer; a little more. Se contenter de —; to be contented with little. Vivre de —; to live on next to nothing.

peulvan or peulven, n.m., (archæol.) menhir.

peuplade, n.f., colony; tribe; horde.

peuple, adj., (l.u.) vulgar, common.

peuplé, -e, adj., peopled; stocked; planted (with); filled (with).

peuple, n.m., people, nation, race, tribe; multitude, crowd, citizens, working classes, lower classes; vulgar; fry (fish); sucker (of a plant); ☉(bot.) poplar; (techn.) deal-wood. Le menu —, le bas —, le petit —; the common people. La lie du —; the scum of the people. Mettre du — dans un étang; to stock a pond with fry.

peuplement, n.m., peopling; stocking a poultry-yard, a pond; planting new trees.

peupler, v.a., to people, to populate; to stock with inhabitants; to stock with animals; to plant, to propagate; to breed.

se peupler, v.r., to become peopled.

peupler, v.n., to multiply, to breed.

peuplier, n.m., poplar.

peur, n.f., fear, fright; dread, terror. Avoir —; to be afraid. Avoir grand’peur; to be in great fear. Mourir de —; to be frightened to death, to die of fright. Faire — à quelqu’un; to frighten any one. Sans —; fearless. En être quitte pour la —; to get off with the fright; to be merely frightened. Avoir — de son ombre; to be afraid of one’s shadow. Être mis à faire —; to look a fright. Avoir plus de — que de mal; to be more frightened than hurt. De — de; for fear of. De — que; lest, for fear that. De — qu’il ne le sache; lest he should know it.

peureu-x, -se, adj., fearful, timid, timorous.

peut-être, adj., perhaps, may be, perchance, peradventure. — viendra-t-il, — qu’il viendra; perhaps he will come. — que oui; perhaps so.

peut-être, n.m., perhaps, supposition. Il n’y a pas de —; there is no perhaps in the matter.

phaéton, n.m., phaeton, (fam.) Jehu, driver.

phagédénique, adj., (med.) phagedenic.

phagédénisme, n.m., (med.) phagedena.

phalange, n.f., phalanx, battalion, band; force, host; (anat.) phalanx.

phalanger, n.m., (mam.) phalanger.

phalangite, n.m., soldier of a phalanx.

phalanstère, n.m., phalanstery.

phalanstérien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., phalansterian.

phalaris (-ris), n.m., (bot.) phalaris, canary grass.

phalarope, n.m., (orni.) phalarope.

phalène, n.f., (ent.) moth.

phaleuce or phaleuque, n.m. and adj., (Gr. and Lat. poet.) hendecasyllable; hendecasyllabic.

phallique, adj., phallic.

phanérogame, n.f. and adj., (bot.) phanerogamic plant; phanerogamous.

phantaisie, n.f. V. fantaisie.

phantasmagorie, n.f. V. fantasmagorie.

phantasmagorique, adj. V. fantasmagorique.

pharaon, n.m., Pharaoh.

pharaon, n.m., faro, pharaon (card game).

pharaonique, adj., Pharaonic.

phare, n.m., light-house, beacon, beacon-light. — flottant; light-ship.

*pharillon, n.m., lantern (used by fishermen to attract fish at night).

pharisaïque, adj., Pharisaic, Pharisaical.

pharisaïsme, n.m., Pharisaism.

pharisien (-zi-in), n.m., -ne (-zi-è-n), n.f., Pharisee.

pharmaceutique, n.f. and adj., pharmaceutics; pharmaceutical.

pharmacie, n.f., pharmacy; chemist’s shop; apothecary’s shop, apothecary’s business; medicine chest; dispensary. — domestique; medicine chest.

pharmacien (-in), n.m., apothecary; chemist and druggist.

pharmacologie, n.f., pharmacology.

pharmacologique, adj., relating to pharmacology.

pharmacopée, n.f., pharmacopœia.

pharmacopole, n.m., (jest.) pharmacopolist; vendor of drugs.

pharyngite, n.f., (med.) pharyngitis.

pharynx, n.m., pharynx.

phase, n.f., phase, phasis; aspect; stage, period, turn.

phaséole, n.f. V. faséole.

phébé, n.f., (poet.) the moon.

phébus (-bûs), n.m., (myth.) Phœbus; (fig.) ranter, fine talker; bombast, fustian. Parler —; to talk fustian, to rant. Donner dans le —; to write fustian.

phénicien, -ne (-ci-in, -ci-è-n), n. and adj., Phœnician.

phénicoptère, n.m., (orni.) phenicopter, flamingo.

phénique, adj., (chem.) carbolic, phenic.

phénix (fé-niks), n.m., phenix, fabulous bird; (astron.) Phenix. C’est un —; he is a very marvel.

phénol, n.m., phenol.

phénoménal, -e, adj., phenomenal.

phénomène, n.m., phenomenon. C’est un — que de vous voir ici; it is quite a miracle, a wonder, to see you here.

phil- or philo-, a prefix from Gr. φίλος.

philanthrope, n.m., philanthropist.

philanthropie, n.f., philanthropy.

philanthropique, adj., philanthropic.

philharmonique, adj., philharmonic.

philhellène, n.m.f., philhellenist.

philinte, n.m., (fig.) everybody’s friend.

philippique, n.f., philippic.

philistin, n.m., philistine; (fig.) snob, cockney, vulgar fellow.

phillyrée, n.f., (bot.) phillyrea.

philologie, n.f., philology.

philologique, adj., philological.

philologue, n.m., philologist.

philomathique, adj., philomathic.

philomèle, n.f., (poet.) philomela (the nightingale).

philosophale, adj.f., philosopher’s. Pierre —; philosopher’s stone.

philosophe, n.m., philosopher.

philosopher, v.n., to philosophize.

philosophie, n.f., philosophy; (print.) small pica; sixth form (in French public-schools).

philosophique, adj., philosophical.

philosophiquement (-fik-mān), adv., philosophically.

philosophisme, n.m., philosophism.

philosophiste, n.m., philosophist.

philotechnique (-tèk-nik), adj., philotechnic.

philtre, n.m., philter.

phimosis (-zis), n.m., (med.) phimosis.

phlébite, n.f., (med.) phlebitic.

phlébotome, n.m., (surg.) lancet (for bleeding).

phlébotomie, n.f., phlebotomy.

phlébotomiser, v.a., to phlebotomize.

phlébotomiste, n.m., phlebotomist.

phlegmagogue, adj., expectorant.

phlegmasie, n.f., phlegmasy.

phlegmatique, adj. V. flegmatique.

phlegme, n.m. V. flegme.

phlegmon, n.m., (med.) phlegmon.

phlegmoneu-x, -se, adj., (med.) phlegmonous.

☉phlogistique, n.m., (chem.) phlogiston.

phlogose, n.f., (med.) inflammation.

phlox, n.m., (bot.) phlox.

phlyctène, n.f., (med.) bulla, blister.

phœnicure, n.m., (orni.) red-start, red-tail.

pholade, n.f., (conch.) pholas.

phonétique, adj., phonetic.

phonique, n.f. and adj., phonics; phonic.

phonograph, n.m., phonograph; (pers.) phonographer.

phonographie, n.f., phonography.

photographique, adj., phonographical.

phonolithe, n.m., (min.) phonolite.

phonologie, n.f., phonology.

phonomètre, n.m., (phys.) phonometer (to measure the intensity of sound).

phoque, n.m., (mam.) phoca, seal, sea-dog.

phormion or phormione, n.m., (bot.) phormium.

phosphate, n.m., (chem.) phosphate.

phosphite, n.m., (chem.) phosphite.

phosphore, n.m., phosphorus.

phosphorescence, n.f., phosphorescence.

phosphorescent, -e, adj., phosphorescent.

phosphoreux, adj., phosphorous.

phosphorique, adj., phosphoric.

phosphure, n.m., phosphuret.

phosphuré, -e, adj., phosphureted.

photographe, n.m., photographist, photographer.

photographie, n.f., photography, photograph.

photographier, v.a., to photograph.

photographique, adj., photographic.

photolithographie, n.f., photolithography.

photomètre, n.m., (phys.) photometer.

photométrie, n.f., photometry.

photométrique, adj., photometric.

photophobie, n.f., (med.) photophobia.

photosphère, n.f., (astron.) photosphere.

phrasaire, n.m., phrase-book.

phrase, n.f., phrase, sentence, affected style, empty talk, twaddle. — faite; idiomatic phrase. Faire des —s; to talk in set phrases. — toute faite; common-place, common topic. Membre de —; clause.

phrasé, -e, part. adj., phrased.

phraséologie, n.f., phraseology.

phraser, v.a. and n., (mus.) to mark the phrases; to form phrases, to phrase.

phraseur or phrasier, n.m., (fam.) phraseologist; prolix, verbose, tedious writer or talker, twaddler; bombastic writer.

phrénésie, phrénétique. V. frénésie, frénétique.

phrénique, adj., (anat.) phrenic.

phrénologie, n.f., phrenology.

phrénologique, adj., phrenologic.

phrénologiste or phrénologue, n.m., phrenologist.

phrygien, -ne, adj., phrygian. Bonnet —; phrygian cap (the cap of Liberty). Mode —; (mus.) warlike music (in use among the ancient Greeks).

phtiriasis, n.f., (med.) pedicular disease.

phtisie, n.f., (med.) phthisis, consumption. Être atteint de la —; to be in consumption, to be consumptive.

phtisique, n.m.f. and adj., consumptive person, person in consumption; phthisical, consumptive.

phylactère, n.m., phylactery.

phylarque, n.m., (antiq.) phylarch.

phyllithe, n.m., phyllite.

phylloxera, n.m., (—) (ent., agri.) phylloxera.

physicien (-in), n.m., natural philosopher.

physico-mathématique, adj., physico-mathematical.

physiocrate, n.m., economist (one who believes that wealth is founded upon agriculture).

physiognomonie, n.f., physiognomy (art).

physiognomonique, adj., physiognomic.

physiographe, n.m., physiographer.

physiographie, n.f., physiography.

physiographique, adj., physiographical.

physiologie, n.f., physiology.

physiologique, adj., physiological.

physiologiste, n.m., physiologist.

physionomie, n.f., physiognomy, countenance, aspect, look; physiognomy (art).

physionomiste, n.m., physiognomist.

physique, n.f., physics, natural philosophy.

physique, adj., physical, material, bodily; absolute, real.

physique, n.m., physique, natural constitution of a man; outward appearance.

physiquement (fi-zik-mān), adv., physically, bodily.

phytographie, n.f., phytography.

phytolithe, n.m., phytolite, petrified plant.

phytologie, n.f., phytology.

piaculaire, adj., expiatory.

☉piaffe, n.f., ostentation; show, dash.

piaffer, v.n., (man.) to paw the ground, to prance (of horses); ☉to make a show, to cut a dash.

piaffeur, n.m. and adj., pawer, prancer, pawing the ground (of horses); (fig.) showy or dashy person.

*piailler, v.n., to bawl, to squall, to scold; to rant. Des enfants qui piaillent toujours; children constantly screaming, squalling brats.

*piaillerie, n.f., bawling, squalling.

*piailleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., scold; squaller, bawler, bawling man or woman.

pian, n.m., (med.) yaws.

pianino, n.m., (—s) upright piano.

pianissimo, adv., very softly.

pianiste, n.m.f., pianist.

piano, adv., (mus.) piano, softly.

piano (—s) or piano-forte (—s-—) or forte-piano (—-—s), n.m., piano-forte. — à queue; grand piano. — carré; square piano, cottage piano. — droit; upright or cottage piano. Jouer du —; to play on the piano.

piast or piaste, n.m., Polish nobleman.

piastre, n.f., piaster (coin).

piaulard, piauleur, n.m., puler, whiner.

piaulement, n.m., whining, puling.

piauler, v.n., to pule, to whine; (of chickens) to pip.

pible, n.m., (nav.) pole. Mât à —; pole-mast.

pic, n.m., pick, pickax; (nav.) gaff; (orni.) woodpecker; peak (of a mountain); pique (at the game of piquet). À —; perpendicularly; (nav.) apeak; (pop.) just in time.

pica, n.m., (med.) pica.

picador, n.m., (—s) picador.

picard, -e, n. and adj., Picardian; (fig.) cunning, cautious fellow; artful dodger.

picholine, n. and adj. f., pickled olive; pickled.

☉picorée, n.f., marauding, pilfering, plundering. Aller à la —; to go a plundering, to go out marauding.

picorer, v.n., ☉to go out marauding, plundering; (fig.) to plagiarize, to crib.

picoreur, n.m., ☉marauder; plagiarist, cribber.

picot, n.m., splinter (of wood); purl (of lace).

picoté, -e, part., pricked, marked. Il est — de petite vérole; he is pitted with small-pox.

picotelle, n.f., (orni.) nut-hatch.

picotement (pi-kot-mān), n.m., pricking, tingling, itching.

picoter, v.a., to prick, to tingle; to provoke, to tease; to peck (of birds); (man.) to touch (gently) with the spur.

se picoter, v.r., to tease, to irritate, to torment, one another.

picoterie (pi-ko-trî), n.f., (fam.) teasing, bickering.

picotin, n.m., peck (of oats).

picrate, n.m., (chem.) carbazotate, picrate.

picrique, adj., (chem.) carbazotic, picric.

pic-vert, n.m., (—s-—s). V. pivert.

pie, n.f., (orni.) magpie, pie. —-grièche, (—s-—s) shrike; shrew, vixen. Elle jase comme une —; she chatters like a magpie. Il croit avoir trouvé la — au nid; he thinks he has made a great discovery; he has found a mare’s nest.

pie, adj., (l.u.) pious, charitable; (of horses) piebald.

pièce, n.f., piece, length, fragment, trick; play, performance; document, paper; head (of cattle, of poultry, game); apartment; puncheon, cask (of oil, wine, etc.); piece of ordnance, cannon; document; joint (of cooked meat). Mettre en —s; to pull, to tear, to pieces. Être armé de toutes —s; to be armed at all points. Faire de toutes —s; to do a thing entirely, to carry anything through. Emporter la —; to sting to the quick, to strike home. Rassemblage de —s; patchwork. — de vin; puncheon of wine. En —; in the cask, in the wood. — d’eau; sheet of water. Une — d’artillerie; a piece of ordnance. —s de campagne; field-pieces. —s de batterie; heavy ordnance. — de théâtre; play. Être bien près de ses —s; to have very little money. Tout d’une —; all of a piece; (of persons) bolt upright. Jouer une — à quelqu’un; to play any one a trick. Accommoder, habiller de toutes —s; to abuse soundly, to rate, to treat ill, to fall foul of. Travailler à l’emporte —; to work by fits and starts, feverishly, to scamp work. Une bonne —; a cunning blade. Donnez la —; to tip. — de résistance; principal dish, joint. — justificative; voucher. — de conviction; material, circumstantial evidence. — à —; bit by bit. Tant la —; so much a piece, a cask. Travailler à ses —s; to work by the job.

piécette, n.f., small Spanish silver coin, peseta.

pied (pié), n.m., foot; footing; track; leg (of furniture); bottom, ground; pace, slip, track; stalk (of plants). Les doigts du —; the toes. — bot; club-foot, club-footed. Avoir des cors aux —s; to have corns on one’s feet. Le cou-de-—, (—s-—) the instep. Marcher sur la pointe du —; to walk on tip-toe. Un coup de —; a kick. Donner des coups de — à; to kick. Aller à —; to go on foot. Sur —; on foot, standing, astir, sitting up. Taper du —; to stamp. Marcher —s nus; to walk barefooted. Mettre sous ses —s; to trample upon. Les —s de devant; the fore-feet. Petits-—s, (—) small fowl, small game. — plat, plat —; flat foot; (fig.) knave, mean rascal. — poudreux; vagabond, rascal, scoundrel. Une coutume qui prend —; a custom that is gaining ground. Perdre —; to get out of one’s depth. Avoir —; not to be out of one’s depth. —s et poings liés; tied hand and foot. Lâcher —; to give way, to fall back. Prendre — sur quelque chose; to take anything as a precedent. Ne savoir sur quel — danser; not to know which way to turn. Sauter à —s joints; to jump upon; (fig.) to ride rough-shod over. Tenir le — sur la gorge de quelqu’un; to attempt to force any one to do anything. Tenir — à boule; to stick to one’s work. Couper l’herbe sous le — à quelqu’un; to supplant any one. Il a été sur — toute la nuit; he has been up all night. De — en cap; cap-a-pie, from head to foot. Haut le —; be off with you; let us be off at once! Faire haut le —; to vanish, to disappear; to run away. Haut-le-—, (—) (fam.) a man with no fixed residence; a scoundrel. Renvoyer des chevaux haut le —; to send horses away without saddles or harness. Au — de la lettre; strictly speaking, literally. Si vous lui donnez un —, il en prendra quatre; give him an inch and he’ll take an ell. Il a trouvé chaussure à son —; he has found just what he wanted; he has met with his match. Il s’est tiré une épine du —; he pulled a thorn out of his foot; (fig.) he has got out of a difficulty. Être en —; to be in the exercise of one’s functions. De — ferme; without stirring, firmly. De plain —; on a level with. Être assis au — d’un arbre; to be seated at the foot of a tree. Un — de céleri; a stick of celery. Le — du lit; the foot of the bed. Le — d’une table; the leg of a table. — de mât; heel of a mast. Cela a tant de —s de long; that is so many feet long. — à —; step by step; by degrees. Sur le — de; at the rate of. D’arrache-—; without intermission, without stopping. Au petit —; on a small scale. Faire des —s et des mains pour; to do one’s utmost (to), to leave no stone unturned (to). Sur le — où en sont les choses; as matters stand. Avoir bon —, bon œil; to be hale and hearty. Mettre quelqu’un à —; to dismiss a functionary; to deprive a cabman of his license. Ne pas se moucher du —; to give one’s self airs; to be no fool. Sécher sur —; to pine away. La mort l’a pris au — levé; death took him without warning, unawares. Aller du — comme un chat maigre; to be a capital walker.

pied-à-terre, n.m., (—) temporary lodging; country-box; shooting lodge.

pied-d’alouette, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) larkspur.

pied-de-coq, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) cock’s-foot-grass.

pied-de-lion, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) lion’s-foot.

pied-de-poule, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) crowfoot.

pied-de-veau, n.m., (—s-—) calf’s foot; (bot.) cuckoo-pint, wake-robin.

pied-d’oiseau, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) bird’s-foot.

pied-droit, n.m., (—s-—s) (arch.) pier; pied droit, upright, pillar.

piédestal, n.m., (arch.) pedestal.

pied-fort, n.m., (—s-—s) (coin.) a gold, silver, or copper coin (thicker than others).

piédouche, n.m., (arch.) piedouche, small pedestal for a bust, a vase, etc.

piège, n.m., snare, trap, decoy. Tendre, dresser, un —; to set a snare. Prendre au —; to catch in a trap. Il a donné, il est tombé, dans le —; he fell into the snare.

pie-grièche, n.f., (—s-—s) (orni.) shrike; (pers.) shrew.

pie-mère, n.f., (n.p.) (anat.) pia mater.

*pierraille, n.f., broken stone.

pierre, n.f., stone, flint; (fig.) steel, rock; gem; (med.) calculus. — de taille; freestone. — à aiguiser; grindstone. — précieuse; gem, precious stone. — fausse; paste. — à fusil; flint. — à cautère; potential cautery. — d’achoppement; stumbling-block. — de touche; touchstone. Première —; foundation-stone. La — philosophale; the philosopher’s stone. Il gèle à — fendre; it is freezing extremely hard. Jeter la — à quelqu’un; to attack any one (in words). Jeter des —s dans le jardin de quelqu’un; to throw out insinuations against any one. — d’attente; (mas.) toothing; (fig.) stepping-stone. — angulaire; corner-stone. — d’évier; gutter-stone, kitchen-sink. — milliaire; milestone. Faire d’une — deux coups; to kill two birds with one stone. — qui roule n’amasse pas de mousse; a rolling stone gathers no moss. Faire rire un tas de —s; to make a cat laugh.

pierrée, n.f., (engineering) rubble drain.

pierreries (pièr-rî), n.f.pl., jewels, precious stones.

pierrette, n.f., little stone, pebble; (orni.) hen-sparrow.

pierreu-x, -se, n. and adj., stony, flinty, gritty, gravely; calculous.

pierrier, n.m., stone drain, swivel-gun.

pierrot, n.m., house-sparrow; clown, merry-andrew.

pierrures, n.f.pl., (hunt.) pearls; bur (of deer).

piété, n.f., piety, godliness; love, affection.

piéter, v.n., to foot the mark (at games).

piéter, v.a., ☉to set against. — l’étrave, l’étambord, le gouvernail; (nav.) to mark the numbers of feet on the stem, on the stern-post, on the rudder.

☉se piéter, v.r., to resist, to set one’s self against.

piétinement (-ti-n-mān), n.m., moving of feet; stamping, trampling.

piétiner, v.n., to stamp, to move one’s feet about. — de colère; to stamp with rage.

piétiner, v.a., to tread, or to trample, under foot, to trample on.

piétisme, n.m., pietism.

piétiste, n.m., pietist.

piéton, n.m., -ne, n.f., pedestrian, foot-passenger; rural postman.

piètre, adj., (fam.) shabby, wretched; pitiful. n., vagabond, tramp, loafer.

piètrement, adv., (fam.) pitifully, wretchedly, shabbily.

piètrerie, n.f., (l.u.) shabby thing, wretched stuff.

piette, n.f., (orni.) weasel-coot.

pieu, n.m., stake, pile, post, pale.

pieusement (pi-eûz-mān), adv., piously, devoutly, religiously; implicitly, obediently; reverently.

pieuvre, n.f., (mol.) octopus, poulp, cat-o’nine tails.

pieu-x, -se, adj., pious, godly, religious, holy.

pif, n.m., bottle-nose, nozzle. — paf; (int.) slap! bang!

piffre, n.m., -sse, n.f., (l.ex.) stout person; glutton.

se piffrer, v.r., (l.ex.) to eat greedily, or to excess.

pigamon, n.m., meadow-rue.

pigeon (-jon), n.m., pigeon, dove; dupe, gull. — culbutant; tumbler. — à grosse gorge; pouter, cropper. — ramier; wood-pigeon. — voyageur or messager; carrier-pigeon. Des —s à la crapaudine; broiled pigeons. Gorge de —; shot-colored (of silks).

pigeonneau (-jo-no), n.m., young pigeon.

pigeonnier (-jo-nié), n.m., pigeon-house, dove-cot.

pigment, n.m., (anat.) pigment.

*pigne, n.f., (metal.) pena gold, pena silver; (bot.) kernel of the fir-apple.

*pignocher, v.n., to eat without appetite, to pick here and there; to nibble at food.

*pignon, n.m., gable end, gable (of a house); kernel (of a fir-apple); (mec.) pinion. Avoir — sur rue; to have a house of one’s own.

pignorati-f, -ve, adj., (jur.) with power of redemption.

pilaire, adj., pilous, pilose, hairy.

pilastre, n.m., (arch.) pilaster.

pilau, n.m., pillaff (stewed rice).

pile, n.f., pile, heap; pier (of a bridge); mole (mas.); (arch.) tambour; (of coins) reverse, pile. Mettre en —; to pile up. — de cuivre; pile of weights. — voltaïque, — de Volta, — galvanique; voltaic, galvanic battery. — ou face, croix ou —; head or tail, man or woman. Jouer à — ou face, or à croix ou —; to play at heads or tails, to toss. N’avoir ni croix ni —; to be penniless, destitute.

pile-culée, n.f., (—s-—s) abutment-pier.

piler, v.a., to pound, to crash, to powder.

pileur, n.m., pounder, beater.

pileu-x, -se, adj. V. pilaire.

pilier, n.m., pillar, column, post; (pers.) support, supporter, fixture; constant frequenter; stump (leg). — de cabaret; tavern-haunter, regular tippler. — butant; butting pillar. — de carrière; pillar, support of a quarry.

*pillage, n.m., pillage, plunder, pilfering, plundering. Livrer au —; to give up to plunder. Tout y est au —; everything is at the mercy of any one, can be had for the taking.

*pillard, -e, n. and adj., pillager, plunderer; pillaging, plundering.

*piller, v.a., to pillage, to plunder, to ransack; to purloin, to pilfer; to attack (of dogs). — une ville; to plunder a town. Ce chien pille tous les autres chiens; that dog attacks, or flies at, all the other dogs. Pille! Pille! seize him! seize him!

*pillerie, n.f., pillage, plunder, pilfer, extortion.

*pilleur, n.m., pillager, plunderer, pilferer.

pilon, n.m., pestle; stamper. Mettre au —; to tear up (books).

pilonnage, n.m., (tech.) pugging; pounding, stamping, milling.

pilonner, v.a., (tech.) to pug; to pound, to mill, to stamp.

pilori, n.m., pillory. Mettre quelqu’un au —; (fig.) to defame anybody.

pilorier, v.a., to pillory, to put in the pillory, to slander, to libel, to asperse.

piloris, n.m., (mam.) musk-rat.

piloselle, n.f., (bot.) mouse-ear.

pilot (pi-lô), n.m., (tech.) heap of salt; pile, stake of timber.

pilotage, n.m., pile-driving, piling; (nav.) piloting.

pilote, n.m., pilot, guide. — côtier; coasting pilot. — lamaneur; coasting, harbor, river pilot. — hauturier; sea pilot.

piloter, v.a. and n., (tech.) to pile, to drive piles in.

piloter, v.a., (nav.) to pilot; (fig., fam.) to pilot, to guide, to serve as a guide.

pilotin, n.m., (nav.) pilot’s apprentice.

pilotis, n.m., piling, pile-work; stilt.

pilule, n.f., (pharm.) pill. Dorer la —; to gild the pill.

pilulier, n.m., pill-machine.

pilum, n.m., (—) (antiq.) pilum (Roman antiq.).

pimbèche, n.f., impertinent woman, saucy baggage. Quelle —! what a minx!

piment, n.m., pimento, capsicum, all-spice.

pimpant, -e, adj., natty, tidy; fine, spruce, smart, stylish.

pimprenelle, n.f., (bot.) pimpernel, burnet. — d’Afrique; honey-flower.

pin, n.m., (bot.) pine-tree, pine, Scotch fir. Pomme de —; fir-cone; fir-nut; fir-apple.

pinace, n.f. V. pinasse.

pinacle, n.m., pinnacle. Mettre quelqu’un sur le —; to praise any one to the skies. Il est sur le —; he is as high as he can go.

pinaie, n.f., pine-plantation.

pinasse or pinace, n.f., (nav.) pinnace.

pinastre, n.m., (bot.) pinaster.

pinçard, adj., wearing the shoe at the toe (of a horse).

pince, n.f., pliers, nippers; tongs; hold; gripe; crow, crowbar (lever); sharp-pointed fold (in garments); toe (of a horse’s foot); claw (of a lobster); edge (of a deer’s hoof); (surg.) forceps. Petites —s; tweezers. —s à sucre; sugar-tongs. —s d’un cheval; horse’s fore-teeth. — d’un fer à cheval; front of a horse-shoe. Prendre une bûche avec la —; to take up a log with the tongs. Être menacé de la —, craindre la —; to be in danger of being arrested, to fear arrest. Gare la —! mind you are not sent to prison! Avoir la — forte, la — rude; to have a good gripe.

pincé, -e, adj., pinched; affected, stiff, prim; thin; tight. —! caught! found out! taken in!

pinceau, n.m., pencil, brush. Trait, coup, de —; dash, stroke, of the pencil. Avoir un beau —; (paint.) to have a fine touch. — à barbe; shaving brush.

pincée, n.f., pinch.

pincelier, n.m., (paint.) dip-cup, smutch-pot.

*pince-maille, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pinch-penny, skinflint, screw.

pincement, n.m., (agri.) pinching, nipping off of the heads of buds.

pince-nez, n.m., (—) double eye-glass, folding eye-glass; folder.

pincer, v.a., to pinch, to press, to hold fast, to gripe, to bite; to nip, to nip off; to rally, to reproach; to surprise, to catch; to play (the guitar, harp); (nav.) to hug. — les petits bourgeons d’un arbre; to nip off the small buds of a tree. — de la harpe; to play upon the harp. — quelqu’un; to give any one a nip. Il pince en riant; he can nip and laugh. — le vent; (nav.) to hug or haul close to the wind. Se faire —; to get caught, to get found out, taken in.

se pincer, v.r., to pinch one’s self.

pincer, v.n., to pinch, to rally, to reproach; to play (the guitar, harp); (man.) to spur gently.

pince-sans-rire, n.m., (—) sly, malicious person; dry joker.

pincette, n.f., or pincettes, n.f.pl., tongs, tweezers, nippers. On ne le toucherait pas avec des —s; a person would not touch him with a pair of tongs.

pinchina, n.m., thick, coarse woolen cloth.

pinçon, n.m., pinch (mark).

pinçure, n.f., pinching, pinch; crease.

pindarique, adj., pindaric.

pindariser, v.n., to speak affectedly; to talk fustian, bombast; to write fustian, bombast.

pindariseur, n.m., ranter, talker of fustian, bombast; writer of fustian, bombast.

pinde, n.m., Pindus; (fig.) poets, poetry.

pinéal, -e, adj., (anat.) pineal.

pineau, n.m., black Burgundy grape.

pingouin or pinguin, n.m., (orni.) penguin; auk.

pingre, n.m. and adj., (pop.) miser, skinflint; avaricious, mean, stingy, close-fisted.

pinne or pinne marine, n.f., (mol.) pinna.

pinné, -e, adj., (bot.) pinnate, pinnated.

pinnule, n.f., pinnule, sight-vane (of instruments).

pinque, n.f., (nav.) pink.

pinson, n.m., (orni.) finch; chaffinch. Gai comme un —; as gay as a lark, as merry as a grig.

pintade, n.f., (orni.) Guinea-fowl, pearl-hen.

pintadeau, n.m., Guinea-chick.

pinte, n.f., pint (obsolete measure).

pinter, v.n., to tipple, to guzzle.

piochage, n.m., digging, working, fagging.

pioche, n.f., pickax, mattock.

piocher, v.a., to dig.

piocher, v.n., to dig; to fag, to work hard, to study hard; to fight.

piocheur, n.m., digger; hard-working student; fag, sweater.

pioler. V. piauler.

pion, n.m., pawn (at chess); man (at draughts); man without property or resources; usher (in a school). Damer le — à quelqu’un; to outdo any one.

pionce, n.f., nap, snooze, forty winks.

pioncer, v.n., to snooze, to have a nap, to have forty winks.

pionceur, n.m., snoozer, heavy sleeper.

pione, n.f. V. pivoine (bot.).

pionner, v.n., to take pawns (at chess).

pionnier, n.m., pioneer.

piot (piô), n.m., (pop.) wine.

piote, n.f., a species of gondola.

pioupiou (pioo-), n.m., (—s) (pop.) foot-soldier, tommy, worm-crusher.

pipe, n.f., pipe, tobacco-pipe; pipe (cask).

pipeau, n.m., pipe, oaten pipe, reed-pipe, shepherd’s pipe; bird-call; limed twig; snare.

pipée, n.f., bird-catching (with a bird-call); (fig.) deceit, trickery. Prendre à la —; to catch with a bird-call; (fig.) to cozen, to take in.

piper, v.a., to catch birds with a bird-call; to deceive, to trick; to dupe, to cheat; to prepare (cards); to load, to cog (dice).

piperesse, (st.e.) fem. of pipeur, q.v.

☉piperie (pi-prî), n.f., cheating (at play); deceit, trickery.

pipeu-r, -se, n. and adj., cheat, trickster (at play); cheat, deceiver; cheating, deceitful.

pipi, n.m., (triv.) urine, water. Faire —; to piddle.

pipi or pitpit, n.m., (orni.) titling, titlark, pipit.

pipoir, n.m., owl-call.

piquamment, adv., piquantly, smartly.

piquant, -e, adj., prickly, stinging; sharp, pungent; biting, nipping; cutting, keen; lively, piquant, pointed, smart. De la moutarde —e; hot mustard. Froid —; biting cold. Des mots —s; pointed words, cutting words. Il a une conversation —e; his conversation is very smart. Elle a l’air —; she has a lively, attractive, pleasing appearance.

piquant, n.m., prickle; quill (of porcupines); pungency, pith, point, fun, cream; piquancy. Le — de la chose; the point, fun, or cream of the thing.

pique, n.f., pike (weapon); pique, grudge, spite, quarrel. Bois de —; pikestaff. Demi-—; short pike. Être à cent —s de; to be miles off in guessing. Être à cent —s au-dessus, au-dessous, de quelqu’un, de quelque chose; to be far above, below, any one or anything. Petite —; slight pique, quarrel, tiff. Par —; out of pique or out of spite.

pique, n.m., spade (at cards). As de —; (fig.) parson’s or pope’s nose.

piqué, -e, part., quilted; larded. Jupon —; quilted petticoat. Poulet —; larded chicken. Cela n’est pas — des vers; it is a smart bit of work or it is not to be sneezed at.

piqué, n.m., quilting. Goût de —; (of wine) sourish taste, tartness.

pique-assiette, n.m., (—, or —-—s) spunger; dinner-hunter; trencher-friend.

pique-bœuf, n.m., (—, or —-—s) cattle-drover; (orni.) buphaga, beef-eater.

pique-nique, n.m., (—-—s) picnic. Faire un —; to have a picnic.

piquer, v.a., to prick; to prod; to goad; to sting; to puncture; to bite; to quilt; to stitch; to lard; to stick; to prick off, to mark off; to be piquant; to excite, to stimulate, to urge on, to goad on; to pique, to gall, to nettle; to spur; (surg.) to puncture. — les absents; to prick off the absent. — d’honneur; to put on (his or her) mettle. — des bœufs; to goad oxen. Quelle mouche le pique? what has put him into a passion? what’s up with him? — une jupe; to quilt a petticoat. — de la viande; to lard meat. — un cheval; to spur a horse. — la curiosité de quelqu’un; to excite or rouse any one’s curiosity. Il en fut piqué; he was nettled at it. — une tête; to take a header. — un soleil; (fam.) to get very red.

se piquer, v.r., to prick one’s self, to sting one’s self; to be offended, to be nettled, to feel affronted, to be piqued; to pride one’s self, to plume one’s self, to pique one’s self, to take a pride in; to turn sour; to become spotted. Se — d’honneur; to make it a point of honor; to think one’s self bound in honor. Se — au jeu; to persist in playing although losing. Ce papier se pique; this paper is becoming spotted, covered with spots. Ce vin se pique; this wine is turning sour. Se — de rien; to take offense at the least thing.

piquer, v.n., to sting; to be piquant; (man.) to spur. — des deux; to spur a horse (with both heels); to put spurs to one’s horse; to gallop off at full speed; (fig. fam.) to go very fast; to strive hard.

piquet, n.m., picket, peg, stake; (milit.) picket; piquet (card game); cluster of flowers (on a bonnet). Être au —; to be standing up in a corner (as a punishment in schools). Être de —; (milit.) to be on picket duty. Planter le —; to pitch the tents, to take up one’s quarters. Lever le —; to strike the tents; to decamp. Aller planter le — chez quelqu’un; to take up one’s quarters with any one.

piqueté, -e, adj., spotted, dotted.

piqueter, v.a., to set or mark with stakes or pickets; to fix.

piquette, n.f., rape wine; sour wine; thin wine.

piqueur, n.m., outrider; marker who notes down the names of persons absent; (cook.) one who lards (meat); (man.) stud-groom; (hunt.) whipper-in, huntsman. — d’assiettes; spunger. — d’écurie; head-groom. — de vins; wine-taster.

piqueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., stitcher.

piquier, n.m., pikeman.

piqûre, n.f., pricking, prick, sting, puncture; worm-hole; (needlework) quilting, stitching; (vet.) warbles.

pirate, n.m., pirate, corsair, buccaneer; extortioner.

pirater, v.n., to pirate, to exercise piracy, to commit piracy.

piraterie (pi-ra-trî), n.f., piracy; act of piracy; extortion.

pire, adj. and n.m., worse, worst. Le remède est — que le mal; the remedy is worse than the disease. Le —; the worst. Il n’y a — sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre; none so deaf as those who won’t hear. Il n’y a — eau que l’eau qui dort; still waters run deep.

piriforme, adj., (anat.) pear-shaped.

pirogue (pi-rog), n.f., pirogue, canoe, jolly boat.

pirole, n.f., (bot.) wintergreen.

pirouette, n.f., pirouette; rapid whirling round; whirligig; subterfuge.

pirouetter, v.n., to pirouette; to whirl about or round.

pirrhonien, -ne, adj. V. pyrrhonien.

pirrhonisme, n.m. V. pyrrhonisme.

pis, n.m., udder, dug (of cows, etc.).

pis, adv. and n.m., worse, worst. Le — qui puisse arriver; the worst that can happen. Mettre quelqu’un au —; to bid any one do his worst. De mal en —; from bad to worse. De — en —; worse and worse. Qui — est; what is worse. Mettre les choses au —; to suppose the worst.

pis aller, n.m., worst; last shift, last resource; makeshift; compensation. Au — —; at the worst; let the worst come to the worst. C’est votre — —; it is your last shift, your last resource. C’est un — —; it is a makeshift.

piscicole, adj., piscicultural.

pisciculteur, n.m., pisciculturist.

pisciculture, n.f., pisciculture, fish culture.

pisciforme, adj., pisciform, fish-shaped.

piscine, n.f., piscina.

piscivore, adj., piscivorous.

pisé, n.m., pisé (mas.).

pissasphalte, n.m., pissasphalt.

pissat, n.m., piss, urine.

pissement (pis-mān), n.m., pissing.

pissenlit, n.m., (bot.) dandelion; pissabed.

pisser, v.a. and n., to piss; to make water.

pisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., pisser.

pissoir, n.m., public urinal.

pissoter, v.n., to piss often.

pissotière, n.f., public urinal; paltry fountain.

pistache, n.f., pistachio, pistachio-nut.

pistachier, n.m., pistachio-tree.

piste, n.f., track, course, race-course, foot-prints, trace, trail. Suivre quelqu’un à la —; to follow on the track of any one. Suivre un lièvre à la —; to follow the scent of a hare.

pistia, n.m., (bot.) water-lettuce.

pistil, n.m., (bot.) pistil.

pistole, n.f., pistole (gold coin of Spain); lock-up (for remanded prisoners). Il est cousu de —s; he is rolling in riches, or made of money.

pistolet, n.m., pistol. Un coup de —; a pistol-shot. Tirer un coup de —; to fire off a pistol. — d’arçon; horse-pistol. Quel drôle de —! (fig. and fam.) what a funny sort of fellow!

piston, n.m., sucker, bucket (of a pump); piston. Fusil à —; percussion-gun. Tige de —; piston-rod. Cornet à —; cornet.

pitance, n.f., pittance, allowance (of food); dole; daily subsistence. Maigre —; short allowance. Aller à la —; to go to market.

pitaud, n.m., -e, n.f., clown, lubber, lout.

pite, n.f., (bot.) agave, pitahemp.

piteusement (pi-teûz-mān), adj., piteously, woefully, sadly.

piteu-x, -se, adj., piteous, pitiable, woeful. Faire —se mine; to look the picture of misery. Faire —se chère; to fare badly.

pitié, n.f., pity, compassion; mercy; contempt, disdain. Emouvoir la — de quelqu’un; to move any one’s pity. D’un œil de —; with an eye of pity. Il vaut mieux faire envie que —; better be envied than pitied. C’est grande —, c’est grand’—; it is a great pity. Vos menaces me font —; your threats excite my disdain (i.e., I despise your threats). À faire —; pitifully, wretchedly. Regarder quelqu’un en —; to take pity on, or despise, any one. Par —; for pity’s sake; out of pity. Il me fait —; I pity him or I despise him.

piton, n.m., screw-ring, staple; (geog.) peak.

pitoyable, adj., pitiful, pitiable, piteous; compassionate; contemptible, wretched.

pitoyablement, adv., pitifully, piteously; wretchedly.

pittoresque (pit-to-rèsk), adj., picturesque, graphic. n.m., picturesque, picturesqueness.

pittoresquement (pit-to-rèsk-mān), adv., picturesquely, in a picturesque manner.

pitre, n.m., clown.

pituitaire, adj., pituitary.

pituite, n.f., pituite, phlegm, mucus.

pituiteu-x, -se, adj., pituitous, phlegmatic.

pivert, n.m., (orni.) green woodpecker.

pivine, n.f., ash-gull.

pivite, n.f., peewit, lapwing.

pivoine, n.m., (orni.) bullfinch, gnat-snapper.

pivoine, n.f., (bot.) pæony, peony.

pivot, n.m., pin, spindle, pivot, hinge; (hort.) tap-root. — de meule de moulin; spindle of a mill.

pivotant, -e, adj., (bot.) tap-rooted. Racine —e; (bot.) tap-root.

pivoter, v.n., to turn on a pivot, to revolve upon, to turn.

pizzicato, n.m. and adv., (mus.) pizzicato.

placabilité, n.f., placableness, placability.

placable, adj., placable.

plaçable, adj., placeable, saleable.

placage, n.m., plating (metal.); veneering (of wood); patchwork.

plaçage, n.m., stalling (of animals); placing.

placard, n.m., placard, poster, bill; (print.) slip; cupboard (in a wall); (carp.) door-leap. Porte en —; panel-door.

placarder, v.a., to placard, to post up. — un avis au public; to post up a public notice; (fig.) to libel; to expose, to show up.

place, n.f., place, room, seat, spot, ground; post, employment, office, town, stronghold; fortress; square; room, stead. Retenir des —s; to secure seats. Mettre chaque chose à sa —; to put each thing in its place. Faire — à quelqu’un; to make room for any one. Sur —; on the spot, on the premises. En —! in your places, take your seats! Sur la —; upon the spot; (com.) in the market; on change. Il ne saurait demeurer en —; he can never stand still. Mettez-vous à ma —; put yourself in my place. Si j’étais à votre —; if I were in your place. — de confiance; place of trust. Un homme en —; a man in office. — d’armes; place of arms, stronghold, square, parade-ground. — de guerre, — forte; fortress, stronghold. La — n’est plus tenable; it is no longer possible to remain. Demeurer, or rester, sur la —; to be left dead on the spot, on the field. Qui va à la chasse, perd sa —; if you leave your place, you lose it. — de fiacres; hackney-coach stand. Une voiture de —; a hackney-coach. La tête, la fin, de la —; the top, the bottom, of the stand. Avoir crédit sur la —; (com.) to have credit (in the market, on change). — marchande; place good for trade, trading town. Se faire —; to make one’s way. Faire la —; (com.) to solicit orders, to canvass. —! make room! make way!

placé, -e, part., placed. Il est bien —; he has a good place, situation. Il a le cœur bien —; his heart is in the right place. Cela n’est pas bien —; that is ill-timed. Haut —; in a high position.

placement (plas-mān), n.m., placing; (com.) sale; putting out, investing, investment (money). Bureau de —; intelligence-office; registry-office (for servants).

placenta (-sin-ta), n.m., (anat., bot.) placenta.

placentaire, adj., placentary, placental.

placer, n.m., (—s) (gold digging) placer.

placer, v.a., to place, to put, to seat, to get a situation for, to find a place for; to introduce (goods); to dispose, to set, to invest, to deposit, to lodge. — de l’argent à la banque; to lodge money in the bank. — de l’argent sur l’Etat; to invest money in the funds. Il place bien ce qu’il dit; what he says is to the purpose. — quelqu’un; to get any one a place.

se placer, v.r., to place one’s self; to obtain a situation; to be sold, to sell.

placet, n.m., petition.

placeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., placer; registry office keeper.

placide, adj., placid, calm, unruffled.

placidement, adv., placidly, calmly.

placidité, n.f., placidity, placidness; calmness.

placi-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., outdoor clerk, under-letter (of standings); (com.) town traveler, agent.

plafond, n.m., ceiling. — en voussure; cove, coving. — en corniche; soffit.

plafonnage, n.m., ceiling (action, work).

plafonner, v.a., to ceil, to make a ceiling.

plafonneur, n.m., plasterer.

plagal, adj., (mus.) plagal.

plage, n.f., beach, strand, shore, seashore. — de sable; sandy beach. Vaisseau jeté sur la —; ship stranded on the beach.

plagiaire, n.m., plagiarist.

plagiat, n.m., plagiarism.

☉plaid, n.m., plea, pleading, hearing. Être sage au retour des —s; to be wise after the event. Chefs —s; chief-pleas (court of).

plaid (plè), n.m., plaid, traveling rug.

plaidable, adj., pleadable.

plaidant, adj., pleading, litigant. Avocat —; barrister, pleader.

plaider, v.a., to plead, to argue, to allege; to intercede (for); to be at law, to litigate. — quelqu’un; to sue any one at law. — le faux pour savoir le vrai; to allege what is false to get at the truth. Plaidez ma cause; intercede for me.

plaider, v.n., to plead; to be at law, to go to law. Se —, v.r., to be pleaded or argued. La cause se plaide aujourd’hui; the case comes on for hearing to-day.

plaideu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., litigant, suitor.

plaidoirie, n.f., barrister’s, counsel’s speech; address. pl., pleadings.

plaidoyer, n.m., speech for the defense, counsel’s address. pl., pleadings.

plaie, n.f., sore, wound; plague, evil. Panser une —; to dress a sore or wound. — envenimée; rankling sore. Mettre le doigt sur la —; to point out the evil. Ne demander que — et bosse; to be bent on quarreling, to be always ready for a row.

plaignant, -e, n. and adj., (jur.) complainant, plaintiff, prosecutor; complaining.

plain, -e, adj., plain, even, flat, level. En —e campagne; in open country. Chambres de —-pied, —-pied (—); rooms on one floor. —-chant, (n.p.) plain chant. Cela va de — pied; that comes as a matter of course; it is all plain sailing.

plaindre (plaignant, plaint), v.a., to pity, to compassionate, to commiserate; to grudge. Je vous plains; I pity you. Il est à —; he is to be pitied. — sa peine; to grudge one’s pains. — le pain qu’ils mangent; to grudge the very bread they eat. Il ne plaint rien à ses enfants; he begrudges his children nothing.

se plaindre, v.r., to complain, to groan, to moan; to grudge one’s self. J’ai bien lieu de me plaindre de vous; I have good reason to complain of you. — en justice; to lodge a complaint in court.

plaine, n.f., plain, level, lea, common, heath.

plainte, n.f., complaint, action, plaint; groaning, lamentation; wailing. Porter —; to lodge a complaint.

plainti-f, -ve, adj., plaintive, querulous, complaining, doleful, mournful, sad.

plaintivement (-tiv-mān), adv., plaintively, mournfully, dolefully, sadly.

plaire (plaisant, plu), v.n., to please, to be agreeable; to delight, to suit. — à quelqu’un; to please any one. Cela vous plaît à dire; you are pleased to say so. Plaît-il? what do you say; beg pardon! Je ferai ce qu’il vous plaira; I will do what you please. Il ne me plaît pas que vous y alliez; I do not like your going there. Si cela ne vous plaît pas; if you are averse to it. Plût à Dieu; would to God. À Dieu ne plaise; God forbid.

se plaire, v.r., to delight in, to take pleasure in; to like, to love; to be pleased with, to take to; to flatter one’s self; to thrive. Il se plaît à faire du mal; he delights in doing mischief.

plaisamment (plè-za-mān), adv., humorously, pleasantly; ludicrously, laughably, amusingly.

plaisance, n.f., pleasure. Maison de —; villa, country seat. Bateau de —; pleasure boat. Lieu de —; pleasant retreat.

plaisant, -e, adj., pleasant; humorous, ludicrous, amusing, droll, funny, comical, pretty; odd, strange; singular, curious. C’est le plus — homme du monde; he is the most amusing fellow alive. Ce sont de —es gens; (iron.) they are impertinent people. Il vous a fait un — régal; he entertained you right royally. C’est un — personnage; he is a ridiculous fellow.

plaisant, n.m., jester; humor, fun, ludicrousness. Il fait le —; he tries to be funny. Un mauvais —; a sorry jester, a humbug. Le — de l’aventure; the laughable part of the adventure.

plaisanter, v.a., to joke, to banter, to jeer, to make fun of.

plaisanter, v.n., to jest, to joke, to make merry. Il plaisante sur tout; he jests about everything. C’est un homme qui ne plaisante pas; he is not a man to be trifled with. Il ne plaisante pas là-dessus; he is in downright earnest in the matter. En plaisantant; in jest, by way of a joke, jestingly.

plaisanterie (plè-zan-trî), n.f., pleasantry, jesting, joking, jest, joke; mockery; mere farce. — de bon ton, de mauvais ton; genteel, vulgar, pleasantry. — légère, piquante; light, pointed, pleasantry. Cela est dit par —; that is said in jest, by way of a joke. — à part; jesting aside. Il sait manier, il manie bien, la —; he is a good hand at a joke. Une bonne plaisanterie mérite les honneurs du bis; a good story will bear repetition.

plaisir, n.m., pleasure, delight, joy; recreation, diversion, sport, entertainment; will, consent, approbation; favor, courtesy, kindness, good turn. Se faire un — de; to take pleasure in, to be pleased to. Se faire un — de son devoir; to delight in doing one’s duty. Prendre — à quelque chose; to delight in anything. Cela fait — à voir; that is a pleasant sight. Nul — sans peine; no joy without alloy. La peine passe le —; the pain exceeds the pleasure. Partie de —; pleasure party, picnic. Jouer pour le —, pour son —; to play for love, for diversion. Menus —s; pocket-money. Faites-moi le —; do me the favor. À —; carefully; at one’s ease; gratuitously; designedly. Un conte fait or inventé à —; a made-up story, a gratuitous tale, a lie. Par —; for pastime, for sport; (fam., l.u.) by way of trial. Au —! good-bye! Faire —; to give pleasure, to oblige; to be pleasing.

plan, n.m., plane; plan, draught, design, model; scheme, project; ground, perspective. — incliné; inclined plane. Premier —; foreground. Arrière-—, (—-—s) (paint.) background. — d’arrimage; (nav.) tier. — de niveau; datum line. — horizontal; ground-plan. Lever de —s; surveying. Faire le — de; to survey. — à vue d’oiseau; bird’s-eye view. — en relief; plan in relief. Lever un —; to take a plan of. Faire l’élévation d’un —; to give a raised plan of. Réléguer au second —; to put into the background.

plan, -e, adj., even, plain, level, flat.

planche, n.f., board, plank; (engr.) plate; (gard.) bed, border. —s d’un bateau; planks, ribs, of a boat. — à bouteilles; bottle-rack. Faire la —; to float on one’s back. Monter sur les —s; to tread the boards. S’appuyer sur une — pourrie; to lean upon a rotten staff. Faire la — aux autres; to show others the way. — à débarquer; gangway of a boat. — de salut; sheet anchor. Jour de —; (com.) working day.

planchéiage, n.m., boarding, planking, flooring.

planchéier, v.a., to plank, to floor, to board (with planks).

planchéieur, n.m., floor-layer.

plancher, n.m., floor; ceiling; (nav.) stage. — parqueté; inlaid, wooden floor. — carrelé; brick, stone floor. Frotter un —; to scrub, or polish, a floor. Le — des vaches; dry land, terrâ firma. Sauter au —; to jump to the ceiling; (fig.) to be driven mad.

planchette, n.f., little board; (math.) plane table.

plançon or plantard, n.m., sapling; slip, twig, shoot (of willow, etc.).

plane, n.m. V. platane.

plane, n.f., draw-knife; turning chisel; spoke-shave.

planer, v.n., to hover, to tower; to soar; to look down (from on high). Un milan qui plane; a kite hovering. — sur les difficultés; to soar above difficulties (i.e., to overcome them).

planer, v.a., to make smooth, to plane, to planish. — un morceau de bois; to plane a piece of wood. — le cuivre; to beat copper smooth. — une peau; to strip the wool off a skin.

planétaire, adj., planetary.

planétaire, n.m., planetarium, orrery.

planète, n.f., planet, star.

planeur, n.m., (manu.) planisher.

planimétrie, n.f., (geom.) planimetry.

planisphère, n.m., planisphere.

in plano, adv. V. in plano.

plant, n.m., set, twig, plant, young plant, slip, plantation, grove. En —; standing; (fig.) in the lurch. — de vigne; slip of vine. Jeune —; vineyard newly set; plantation of young trees. Rester en —; to remain standing. Laisser en —; to give the slip to; to leave in the lurch. Mettre en —; (pop.) to pawn.

plantage, n.m., planting; plantation.

plantain, n.m., (bot.) plantain.

plantard, n.m. V. plançon.

plantation, n.f., planting; plantation.

plante, n.f., sole of the foot; (bot.) plant. — ligneuse; ligneous plant. — fibreuse; fibrous plant. — herbacée; herbaceous plant. Le jardin des —s; the botanical garden, zoölogical gardens. —s marines; marine plants. —s parasites; parasitical plants. —s à tuyau; culmiferous plants.

planter, v.a. and n., to plant, to set, to fix, to drive in; to set up, to erect, to lay out, to give the slip to, to leave in the lurch. — des oignons, des pois; to plant onions, peas. — des bornes; to set bounds. — le piquet en quelque lieu; to take up one’s quarters in any place. — là quelqu’un; to leave any one in the lurch, to give any one the slip. — au nez de; to cast in the teeth of; to tell point-blank. Maison bien plantée; house well seated, or in a pleasant, commanding position. Cheveux bien plantés; hair well set up.

se planter, v.r., to be planted; to place one’s self; to station one’s self; to settle.

planteur, n.m., planter.

plantigrade, n.m. and adj., plantigrade.

plantoir, n.m., dibble, planting-tool.

planton, n.m., (milit.) orderly. Être de —; to be on duty.

plantule, n.f., (bot.) plantule.

plantureusement (-reûz-mān), adv., (fam.) plentifully, copiously, abundantly, luxuriantly.

plantureu-x, -se, adj., plentiful, copious; abundant.

planure, n.f., shavings (of wood).

plaque, n.f., plate; slab; patch, veneer; badge, star. — de fonte; plate of cast iron. — de porte-faix; badge of a porter. — tournante; (railways) turning plate.

plaqué, n.m., plated metal, electro-plate.

plaqué, -e, part., plated.

plaqueminier, n.m., (bot.) ebony-tree.

plaquer, v.a., to plate; to lay on, to veneer. — du bois; to veneer wood. — des bijoux; to plate jewels.

plaquette, n.f., small thinly bound book; a small copper coin, small plate, board, slab.

plaqueur, n.m., veneerer; plater.

plaquis, n.m., incrustation.

plasticité, n.f., plasticity.

plastique, n.f. and adj., plastic art; plastic.

plastron, n.m., breast-plate; (fenc.) plastron; fencing-pad; drill-plate; laughing-stock, butt.

plastronner, v.a., to put a plastron on any one, to cover or protect with a breast-pad.

se plastronner, v.r., to put on a breast-pad, to plastron one’s self.

plat, n.m., dish; plate; collection-plate; (nav.) mess; sheet (of glass); flat side (of anything). — d’argent; silver dish. — de la main; back of the hand. — apprêté; made dish. — réchauffé; warmed-up dish. — à barbe; shaving dish. Camarade de —; messmate. — de l’équipage; (nav.) mess (for seven men). Servir un — de son métier; to give a specimen of one’s work. C’est un — de son métier; this is one of his tricks. —s de balance; scales of a balance. Des coups de — d’épée; strokes with the flat of a sword. Donner du — de la langue; to flatter, to coax, to wheedle; to talk blarney. Mettre les pieds dans le —; to put one’s foot in it. Mettre les petits —s dans les grands; to spare neither money nor trouble to receive a person.

plat, -e, adj., flat; dull, insipid, spiritless, pointless, low, shallow, empty; (of the hair) straight, lank; (of rhymes) consecutive. Un pays —; a flat country. Cheveux —s; straight hair. Elle a la physionomie —e; she has an unmeaning countenance. Vin —; flat wine. Cheval —; lank horse. Avoir le ventre —; to have an empty belly. Sa bourse est bien —e; his purse is very low. Son armée a été battue à —e couture; his army was utterly routed. Un pied —, un — pied; a worthless fellow. Un style —; a flat, spiritless, pointless style. C’est un — personnage; he is a dull fellow. À —; flat. À — ventre; flat on the ground, flat on one’s face.

platane, n.m., plane-tree, platane.

plat-bord, n.m., (—s-—s) (nav.) gunwale, gunnel, port-last. Lisses de —; drift-rails.

plateau, n.m., wooden scale; waiter, tray, tea-tray; upland, table-land. — à découper; butler’s tray. — de carafe; decanter-stand.

plate-bande, n.f., (—s-—s) (arch., hort.) plat-band; border plot, flower-bed. — de baie; lintel of a door or window.

platée, n.f., (arch.) massive foundation under the whole area of the building; dishful.

plate-forme, n.f., (—s-—s) platform. — de batterie; platform of a battery. — de fondation; (carp.) sleepers.

plate-longe, n.f., (—s-—s) kicking-strap; leading-rein.

platement (plat-mān), adv., flatly, dully, plainly, without spirit.

plateur, n.f., (jest., l.u.) flatness.

platinage, n.m., whitening (of copper).

platine, n.f., linen-dryer; (print.) platine; lock (of firearms); (tech.) plate. —s de montre; plates of a watch. — de serrure; plate of a lock.

platine, n.m., (metal.) platinum.

platise, n.f., (l.u.) dull, senseless writing or words, platitudes.

platitude, n.f., platitude, dullness; flatness.

platonicien, -ne (-si-in, -si-èn), n. and adj., Platonist; Platonic.

platonique, adj., Platonic.

platonisme, n.m., Platonism.

plâtrage, n.m., plaster-work, plastering; unsolid work.

plâtras, n.m., old plaster-work; rubbish; piece of dried mortar.

plâtre, n.m., plaster; (b.s.) paint (on the face). Enduire de —; to coat with plaster. — cuit; calcined plaster. Battre quelqu’un comme —; to beat any one to a jelly. Essuyer les —s; to live in a newly built house (therefore damp).

plâtré, -e, part., plastered. Visage —; painted face. Paix —e; patched-up peace.

plâtrer, v.a., to plaster; to patch up, to piece up; (agri.) to manure with plaster.

se plâtrer, v.r., (b.s.) to paint one’s self. Elle se plâtre; (b.s.) she paints her face; she makes up.

plâtreu-x, -se, adj., chalky.

plâtrier, n.m., plasterer.

plâtrière, n.f., chalk-pit, plaster-quarry.

plausibilité, n.f., plausibleness, plausibility.

plausible, adj., plausible.

plausiblement, adv., plausibly.

plèbe, n.f., common people.

plébéien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., plebeian.

plébiscite, n.m., plebiscite.

pléiade, n.f., pléiades, n.f.pl., Pleiades (the seven stars).

plein, -e, adj., full, filled, replete; copious; solid (of doors); entire, whole, thorough, complete. Rivière —e de poissons; river well stocked with fish. Livre — d’érudition; book stored with learning. Homme — d’esprit; man full of wit. — comme un œuf; as full as an egg; (fam.) chock-full. —e lune; full moon. Une chienne —e; a bitch with young. —e récolte; plentiful crop. À —es voiles; all sails set. Arbre en — vent; tree in the open air. Être en —e mer; to be out at sea, in the open sea. En —e rue; in the middle of the street. En — jour; in broad daylight. En — midi; at high noon. En —e nuit; in the dead of night. En —e paix; in the midst of peace. En — classe; before the whole class. En — été; in the height of summer. En — hiver; in the heart of winter. Avoir le cœur —; to have one’s heart full. Donner à —e main, à —es mains; to give, to bestow, largely, freely. Porter —; (nav.) to keep the sails full. Battre son —; to be in full swing (of balls, parties); to be high (of the tide).

plein, n.m., full part; plenum. Dans le —; in the middle. À pur et à —; fully, to the full, entirely.

plein, adv., full. — les deux mains; both hands full. En —; fully, entirely; right in. A pur et à —; altogether, completely. Tout —; a great many, numbers, very many.

pleinement, adv., fully, entirely, to the full.

plénière, adj.f., plenary; full, complete. Indulgence —; plenary indulgence. Cour —; plenary court.

plénipotentiaire, n.m. and adj., plenipotentiary.

plénitude, n.f., plenitude, fullness.

pléonasme, n.m., pleonasm.

pléonastique, adj., pleonastic.

plésiosaure, n.m., (foss.) plesiosaur, plesiosaurus.

plet, n.m., (nav.) coil.

pléthore, n.f., plethora.

pléthorique, adj., plethoric.

pleu-pleu or plui-plui, n.m., (—) green woodpecker.

pleur, n.m., (poet.) lament. Un — éternel; a never-ending lament (V. Hugo). pl., tears.

pleurant, -e, adj., weeping, crying.

pleurard, n.m., puling, squalling child; blubberer.

pleure, n.f., (anat.). V. plèvre.

pleure-misère, n.m., (—) grumbler; curmudgeon.

pleurer, v.n., to cry, to weep over, to shed tears, to bewail, to mourn; to run (of the eyes). — comme un enfant; to cry like a child. — amèrement; to weep bitterly. — à chaudes larmes; to shed bitter tears. — de joie; to weep for joy. — à volonté; to cry at will. — sur quelqu’un; to weep over any one.

pleurer, v.a., to weep, to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to deplore the loss (of); to grudge.

pleurésie, n.f., pleurisy.

pleurétique, adj., pleuritic.

pleureu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., weeper; mourner.

pleureur, n.m., (mam.) weeper, sapajou.

pleureu-r, -se, adj., weeping, crying, mournful, tearful. Saule —; weeping willow.

pleureuses, n.f.pl., weeping bands.

pleureu-x, -se, adj., weeping, crying.

pleurnichement (-nish-mān), n.m., whine, whining.

pleurnicher, v.n., to snivel, to whimper, to whine.

pleurnicherie (-ni-shrî), n.f., whining.

pleurnicheu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., whimperer, sniveler.

pleuronecte, n.m., (ich.) pleuronectes.

pleuropneumonie, n.f., (med.) pleuro-pneumonia.

pleurs, n.m.pl., tears; crying, weeping; bleeding (of a vine). Verser, répandre, des —; to shed tears. Essuyer ses —; to dry one’s tears.

pleutre, n.m., coward; contemptible fellow.

pleuvoir (pleuvant, plu), v.imp., to rain. Il pleut à verse; it is pouring with rain. — à petites gouttes; to drizzle. — des hallebardes; to rain cats and dogs. L’argent y pleut; it rains riches there. — à seaux; to rain in torrents. Comme s’il en pleuvait; in quantities, a great quantity, in shoals, in torrents. Faire —; to shower down upon; to pour, send in or down.

plèvre, n.f., (anat.) pleura.

plexus (plèk-sus), n.m., (anat.) plexus.

pleyon, n.m., osier-tie.

pli, n.m., plait, fold, bend, wrinkle, rumple; tuck, coil; undulation, depression, wave; cover, letter, envelope, message, crease. Cet habit ne fait pas un —; that coat has not a wrinkle in it. Sous le même —; under the same cover. Fouiller dans tous les —s et replis, sonder tous les —s et replis, du cœur; to search into the innermost recesses of the heart. Un faux —; a crease (in stuffs). Il a pris son —; he has taken his bent, decided upon his course (of action). Avoir des —s au front; to have wrinkles on one’s forehead. Le — du bras; the bend of the arm. Un — de terrain; an undulation or depression of the ground. Cela ne fera pas un —; there will not be the slightest difficulty, all will go as on wheels. Prendre un mauvais —; to get into bad habits.

pliable, adj., pliable, pliant, bending, flexible, supple.

pliage, n.m., folding.

pliant, -e, adj., pliant, pliable, bending, flexible, supple. Siège —; a folding-stool.

pliant, n.m., folding-stool, fold-stool.

plica, n.m., (med.). V. plique.

plicatile, adj., (bot.) plicate, twining.

pliciforme, adj., in the form of a fold.

plie, n.f., (ich.) plaice.

plié, -e, part., folded.

plié, n.m., bend of the knee in dancing.

pliement (plî-mān), n.m., act of folding.

plier, v.a., to fold, to fold up; to bend; to bring under. — une lettre; to fold a letter. — du linge; to fold up linen. — les voiles; to furl the sails. — bagage; to decamp, to pack or make off. — son esprit aux volontés d’autrui; to bend one’s mind, to yield to the will of others.

se plier, v.r., to be folded, bent; to bow, to bend. Je ne saurais me — à cela; I cannot stoop to that.

plier, v.n., to bend; to yield; to give way. Faire — un arc; to bend a bow. Il vaut mieux — que rompre; better bend than break. — sous l’autorité de quelqu’un; to yield to any one’s authority. L’infanterie plia; the infantry gave way.

plieu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., folder.

plinthe, n.f., (arch.) plinth.

plioir, n.m., folding-knife; paper-folder.

plique, n.f., (med.) plica.

plissé, n.m., kilting, plaits; wrinkling.

plissement (plis-mān), n.m., folding; plaiting, doubling over; undulation (of waves).

plisser, v.a., to plait; to kilt, to wrinkle.

se plisser, v.r., to form plaits; to be plaited, or wrinkled, to pucker.

plissure, n.f., plaiting.

ploc, n.m., (nav.) sheathing hair, cow-hair.

ploiement, n.m., folding.

plomb (plon), n.m., lead, shot; plumb-line, plummet; custom-house seal; sink. De —; (fig.) heavy; (of clouds or sky) gray, leaden, of a leaden hue. Menu —; small shot. — en saumon; pig-lead. Jeter son — sur quelque chose; to have an eye upon anything. Mine de —; black-lead pencil, lead. — dans la tête; (fig.) ballast. À —; perpendicularly, directly; vertically; right, or sheer, down. Sous les —s; under the leads. Tomber à —; to plumb; to fall vertically.

plombage, n.m., leading, lead work; plumbing.

plombagine, n.f., plumbago, black-lead.

plombé, -e, part., leaded; (fig.) of a leaden hue, leaden-colored; (of sticks) loaded. Dent —e; tooth that has been stopped. Il a le teint —; he has a livid complexion.

plomber, v.a., to lead; to load, to seal, to stop, to mark or stamp with lead; to stop (a tooth); to plumb. — le faîte d’un toit; to lead the ridge of a roof. — un mur; to plumb a wall. Se —; to assume a leaden hue.

plomberie (plon-brî), n.f., plumbery; lead-making; lead-manufactory; lead-works.

plombeur, n.m., (custom-house) stamper. Rouleau —; field roller.

plombeu-x, -se, adj., leady, leaden.

plombier, n.m., plumber.

plombifère, adj., plumbiferous.

plongé, -e, part., immersed; dipped (of candles); sunk (in despair); weltering (in blood). Chandelle —e; dip candle.

plongeant, -e (-jān, -t), adj., plunging. Vue —e; view from a height. Feu —; plunging fire (coming from above); raking fire.

plongée, n.f., (fort.) glacis, slope.

plongement (plonj-mān), n.m., plunging; dipping; dip; (the sea) pitching.

plongeon (-jon), n.m., (orni.) diver; loon; dive, diving. Faire le —; to dive; to duck; (fig.) to flinch; to back out of.

plonger, v.a., to plunge, to dip, to immerse; to throw, to involve. — quelqu’un dans la douleur; to plunge any one into grief.

se plonger, v.r., to be plunged.

plonger, v.n., to dive, to dip; to duck; to take a downward direction; to welter; to pitch (of ships).

plongeur, n.m., plunger, diver. Cloche de, or à, —; diving-bell.

plongeur, adj., (hydr.) plunging, diving.

ploquer, v.a., (nav.) to felt (a ship’s bottom); to sheath with hair.

ployable, adj., pliable, easy to bend; flexible.

ployer, v.a., to bend, to bow; to fold up.

se ployer, v.r., to be bent, to be folded; to bend, to give way.

ployer, v.n., to bend; to yield, to submit; to give way.

pluche. V. peluche.

pluie, n.f., rain; downpour; shower, abundance of. Un jour de —; a rainy day. Il tombe de la —; it is raining. Petite — abat grand vent; a little rain lays a great dust. Après la —, le beau temps; every cloud has its silver lining. — battante; pelting rain. Le temps est à la —; it looks like rain. Faire la — et le beau temps; to be absolute master, to rule the roost. Parler de la — et du beau temps; to talk of indifferent things. Une — de fleurs; flowers in abundance.

plui-plui, n.m. V. pleu-pleu.

plumage, n.m., plumage, feathers.

*plumail, n.m., feather-broom. V. plumet or plumeau.

plumasseau, n.m., quill (for harpsichords); feather (of arrows); (surg.) pledget; feather-broom, duster.

plumasserie (-ma-srî), n.f., feather-trade.

plumassier, n.m., feather-merchant (dresser, or seller).

plume, n.f., feather, plume, quill, pen. — d’acier; steel pen. Tailler une —; to mend, to cut a pen. Mettre la main à la —; to take pen in hand. Se laisser aller au courant de la —; to write off-hand. — de corbeau; crow-quill. La belle — fait le bel oiseau; fine feathers make fine birds. Il est au poil et à la —; he is fit for anything; fit as a fiddle. Il y a laissé de ses —s; he has been stripped of his feathers. Passer la — par le bec à quelqu’un; to baffle any one. La fente d’une —; the slit of a pen. Le bec d’une —; the nib of a pen. Une bonne —; a good penman. Jeter la — au vent; to allow chance to decide. Guerre de —; paper warfare. Une — à son chapeau; a feather in one’s cap.

plumeau, n.m., feather-broom, duster; pen-stand.

plumée, n.f., penful (of ink); plucking goose-feathers; plucking.

plumer, v.a., to pluck, to plume; to fleece. — une volaille; to pluck a fowl. — quelqu’un; to fleece any one; (in rowing) to feather. — la poule sans la faire crier; to fleece the sheep without making it bleat.

plumet, n.m., plume, ostrich feather; feather broom.

plumetis (plum-tî), n.m., feather-stitch.

plumeu-x, -se, adj., (bot.) plumous, feathery.

plumipède, n.m., plumiped.

plumiste, n.m., artist in feathers.

plumitif, n.m., (jur.) minute-book; (fam.) penman, clerk, scratch-paper.

plum-pudding, n.m. (—-—s). V. pouding.

plumule, n.f., (bot.) plumule.

plupart, n.f., most, most part, the greatest part; generality, majority (of); most people. La — du monde prétend; most people say. La — de ses amis l’abandonnèrent; most of his friends forsook him. La — écrivent; most people write. Pour la —; mostly. Les hommes sont pour la — intéressés; the generality of men are selfish. La — du temps; generally, mostly, in most cases.

pluralité, n.f., plurality.

pluriel, -le, adj., (gram.) plural.

pluriel, n.m., (gram.) plural.

plus, adv., more, over, most; also, moreover; further; besides; item; plus; no more, not any more, no longer, not again; never again. — savant que lui; more learned than he. Il a — d’argent que moi; he has more money than I. Il m’en coûte — qu’a vous; it costs me more than it does you (to have to say it, etc.). Il a — de vingt ans; he is more than twenty. Nous sommes — qu’à moitié persuadés; we are more than half convinced. Je n’y retournerai —; I will go there no more. — je la vois, — je la hais; the more I see her, the more I hate her. — loin; further. — près, de — près; nearer. — de larmes; no more tears. N’avoir — rien; to have nothing left. Il y a —; what is more. Il y en a tant et —; there is enough and to spare. Au —, tout au —; at most, at the most. Il a tout au — trente ans; he is thirty at most. De —; besides, moreover, again, furthermore, nay. De —, il faut remarquer; we must observe besides. D’autant —; the more so. De — en —; more and more. Il s’enrichit de — en —; he grows richer and richer every day. Ni — ni moins; neither more nor less. Vous avez beau dire, il n’en sera ni — ni moins; you may talk as much as you please, it will be so. — ou moins; more or less, thereabout. Qui —, qui moins; some more, some less. Sans — différer; without further delay. Sans — de façon; without any more ado. — tard, — loin, — près; later, farther, nearer. Qui — est; what is more. N’être —; to be no more. Deux fois —; twice as much. Deux fois de —; twice more. Je n’ai — qu’à; it only remains for me to.

plus, n.m., more; most. Le — que je puisse faire; the most I can do.

plusieurs, pron. and adj., m.f.pl., several, some.

plus-pétition, n.f., (n.p.) (jur.) exorbitant demand.

plus-que-parfait (plus-kĕ-par-fè), n.m. (n.p.), (gram.) pluperfect tense.

plus-value, n.f., (—-—s) (fin.) superior value.

plutocratie, n.f., plutocracy.

plutonique, adj., (geol.) plutonic.