A GENERAL FRENCH-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (continued 23)

se nettoyer, v.r., to clean one’s self, to be cleaned. — les dents; to clean one’s teeth.

neuf, n. and adj., nine, ninth. Un — de cœur; a nine of hearts. [Neuf is pronounced neu when it precedes an adj. or a n. beginning with a consonant or h aspirate; and neuv, if the adj. or n. begins with a vowel or a silent h.]

neuf, n.m., new; something new. À —; anew, again; like new. De —; new. Habiller de —; to dress in new clothes. Donnez-nous du —; give us something new. Il y a du —; something has happened.

neu-f, -ve, adj., new; raw, green, young, inexperienced. Maison —ve; new house. Faire corps —; to take a new lease of life. Il est tout — dans ce métier; he is quite new to the business. Une pensée —ve; a new thought. Remettre à —; to do up; to make as good as new or equal to new.

neume, n.m., (plain chant) the singing of notes without words on one vowel.

neure, n.m., Dutch herring-boat.

neutralement (-tral-mān), adv., (gram.) neutrally.

neutralisant, n.m. and adj., (chem.) neutralizing body; neutralizing.

neutralisation, n.f., neutralization.

neutraliser, v.a., to neutralize.

se neutraliser, v.r., to counteract each other, to become neutralized.

neutralité, n.f., neutrality.

neutre, n.m. and adj., neuter; neutral. Pavillon —; neutral flag. Nom —; neuter noun. Verbe —; neuter or intransitive verb. Sel —; neutral salt.

neuvaine, n.f., (c.rel.) novena, neuvaine (nine days’ devotion).

neuvième, n.m. and adj., ninth. Il est le —, elle est la —, de sa classe; he, she, is the ninth in his, in her, class.

neuvième, n.f., (mus.) ninth.

neuvièmement (-vièm-mān), adv., ninthly.

neveu, n.m., nephew. pl., (poet.) posterity, descendants. Petit-—, (—s-—x) grandnephew. — à la mode de Bretagne; cousin once removed. Nos —x, nos derniers —x, nos arrière-—x; our posterity, our children’s children.

névralgie, n.f., neuralgia.

névralgique, adj., (med.) neuralgic.

névritique, n. and adj. m., (med.) neurotic.

névrographie, n.f., neurology.

névrologie, n.f., neurology.

névroptère, adj., neuropteral, neuropterous.

névroptère, n.m., neuropteran.

névrose, n.f., (med.) nervous affection, nervous disorder, neurose.

névrotomie, n.f., neurotomy.

newtonianisme (neu-), n.m., Newtonianism.

newtonien, -ne (neu-to-ni-in, -è-n), adj., Newtonian.

newtonien, n.m., Newtonian.

nez (né), n.m., nose; face; scent (of dogs). — aquilin; aquiline nose. — retroussé; turned-up nose. — écrasé, épaté; flat nose, pug nose. Il s’est cassé le —; he has broken his nose. Donner sur le — à quelqu’un; to strike any one on the nose. Regarder quelqu’un sous le —; to stare any one in the face. Ne voir pas plus loin que son —; to see no farther than one’s nose. À vue de —; by rule of thumb. Avoir bon —; to have a good nose. Il saigne du —; his nose is bleeding. Au — de quelqu’un; to a person’s face, under a person’s nose. Rire au — de quelqu’un; to laugh in any one’s face. Fermer la porte au — à quelqu’un; to shut the door in any one’s face. — à —; face to face. Parler du —; to speak through the nose. Fourrer son — dans une affaire; to thrust one’s nose into any business. Mener quelqu’un par le —; to lead any one by the nose. Donner du — en terre; to fall on one’s face; (fig.) to miscarry, to fail. S’y casser le —; to fail in anything. Tirer les vers du — à quelqu’un; to pump any one. Jeter quelque chose au — de quelqu’un; to cast a thing in any one’s teeth; to twit any one (with). Il a bon —; he is a sagacious man. Il a un pied de —; he looks foolish; he is sadly disappointed. Faire un pied de — à; to laugh at. Qui coupe son — dégarnit son visage; it is an ill bird that fouls his own nest. Il lui en pend autant au —; he may expect as much.

ni, conj., neither; nor; either; or. Il n’est — bon — mauvais; it is neither good nor bad. — moi non plus; nor I either.

niable, adj., deniable; (jur.) traversable.

niais, -e, n. and adj., ninny, simpleton; silly, simple, foolish. Il a l’air —; he has a silly look.

niaisement (nièz-mān), adv., sillily, foolishly.

niaiser, v.n., to stand trifling, to play the fool, to fiddle-faddle.

niaiserie (-èz-rî), n.f., silliness, foolishness, simplicity; silly thing, trifle, foolery, nonsense.

niche, n.f., niche, nook, corner; recess, alcove, retreat; kennel; trick, prank. Faire une — à; to play a trick upon.

nichée, n.f., nest (of young birds); brood; crew, gang, set. Une — de souris; a brood of mice.

nicher, v.a., to nestle, to build; to lodge. Qui vous a niché là? who put you there?

se nicher, v.r., to nestle, to nestle one’s self; to hide one’s self; to put one’s self. Où la vertu va-t-elle se —? who could expect to find virtue there?

nicher, v.n., to nestle, to build a nest.

nichet, n.m., nest-egg.

nichoir, n.m., breeding-cage.

nickel, n.m., (metal.) nickel.

nicodème, n.m., noodle, booby, nincompoop. C’est un grand —; he is a great noodle.

nicotiane (-ci-), n.f., (bot.) nicotiana.

nicotine, n.f., nicotine.

nictation, n.f., nictation, nictitation.

nicter, v.n., (vet.) to nictate.

nictitation, n.f. V. nictation.

nid, n.m., nest; berth, post. Petit à petit l’oiseau fait son —; little strokes fell great oaks. Trouver la pie au —; to find what one is looking for. Un — à rats; a hovel, a mere hole. — d’oiseau; bird’s nest. À chaque oiseau son — est beau; home is home, be it never so homely. On n’a plus trouvé que le —; they found the birds flown.

nidification, n.f., nidification, nest-building.

nidoreu-x, -se, adj., nidorous.

nièce, n.f., niece. Petite-—, (—s-—s) grand-niece. — à la mode de Bretagne; cousin, once removed.

nielle, n.f., smut, blight; (bot.) rose-campion, corn-cockle, fennel-flower.

nielle, n.m., niello, inlaid enamel-work.

nieller, v.a., (agri.) to smut, to blast, to blight; to inlay with enamel-work.

se nieller, v.r., to become smutty, blighted.

nielleur, n.m., (gold.) enameler of niello.

niellure, n.f., (gold.) niello-work.

nier, v.a., to deny, to gainsay, to disown, to deny the existence of; (jur.) to traverse. Il nie que cela soit; he denies that it is so.

se nier, v.r., to be denied.

nigaud, -e, n. and adj., booby, simpleton, silly fellow; silly, foolish. Un grand —; a great booby.

nigaud, n.m., (orni.) booby, gannet.

nigauder, v.n., to play the fool, to trifle.

nigauderie (-gô-drî), n.f., silliness, tomfoolery; foolish trick.

nigelle, n.f., (bot.) fennel-flower.

nihilisme, n.m., nihilism.

nihiliste, n.m.f. and adj., nihilist, nihilistic.

nilgaut, n.m., (zoöl.) nylghau (kind of antelope).

*nille, n.f., tendril (of a vine).

nilomètre, n.m., nilometer.

nimbe, n.m., (paint.) nimbus, halo.

nipper, v.a., to fit out, to rig out.

se nipper, v.r., to rig one’s self out. Il s’est bien nippé; he has rigged himself out very well; he is quite a toff.

nippes, n.f.pl., clothes, apparel; togs, toggery; things; furniture. [Mostly used in the plural.]

nique, n.f., (fam., l.u.) sign of mockery or contempt. Faire la — à quelqu’un; to mock any one, to make fun of. Faire la — à la fortune; to despise riches.

nitée, n.f. V. nichée.

nitouche, n.f., demure hypocrite. Sainte —; demure-looking person. Faire la sainte —; to look as if butter would not melt in one’s mouth.

nitrate, n.m., nitrate.

nitre, n.m., niter.

nitreu-x, -se, adj., nitrous.

nitrière, n.f., niter-bed.

nitrification, n.f., nitrification.

se nitrifier, v.r., to nitrify.

nitrique, adj., nitric.

nitrite, n.m., nitrite.

nitrogène, n.m. and adj., nitrogen; nitrogenous.

nitroglycérine, n.f., (chem.) nitroglycerine.

nitro-muriatique, adj., nitro-muriatic.

nitrosité, n.f., nitrosity, nitrous quality (of).

nivéal, -e, adj., growing in the snow; snowy.

niveau, n.m., level. — d’eau; water-level. — à bulle d’air; spirit-level. — à perpendicule; plumb-level. Au — de; on a level with, even with. — des eaux; water-mark. Mettre de —; to level, to make even.

niveler (ni-vlé), v.a., to make even, to take the level of, to level.

nivellette, n.f., level-indicator.

niveleur (ni-vleur), n.m., leveler.

nivellement (-vèl-mān), n.m., leveling.

nivéole, n.f., (bot.) snow-flake, snow-drop.

nivereau, n.m., or niverolle, n.f., snow-bird.

☉nivet, n.m., (pop.) gratuity, tip, douceur.

nivôse, n.m., Nivôse, fourth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from December 21st or 22d to January 19th or 20th.

nobiliaire, n.m., nobiliary.

nobiliaire, adj., of the nobility, aristocratic.

nobilissime, adj., most noble.

noble, adj., noble, great, high, elevated. Être de — sang; to be of noble blood. Il a l’air —; he has a noble look.

noble, n.m., noble, nobleman.

noblement, adv., nobly, honorably, handsomely. Vivre —; to live like a noble.

noblesse, n.f., nobility, rank; nobleness, loftiness. La haute —; the higher nobility. La petite —; the petty nobility. — de cœur; nobleness of heart. — de style; loftiness of style.

noce, n.f., wedding, wedding-party; jollification, drinking-bout. pl., marriage, nuptials, wedding. Habit de —s; wedding suit. Tant qu’à des —s; (prov. pop.) plentifully, as much as you like. N’être pas à la —; not to be enjoying one’s self. Gâteau de —; bride-cake. Faire la —; to go on the spree, on the loose. Je n’ai jamais été à pareilles —s; I never had such a time of it.

nocer, v.n., to go on the spree, on the loose.

noceu-r, -se, n.m.f., gay dog; gay woman.

nocher, n.m., (poet.) pilot. Caron, le pâle —; Charon, the grim ferryman. Mon — face à face; my pilot face to face (Tennyson).

nocial, n.m., wedding dress.

noctambule, n.m.f., noctambulist, sleep-walker.

noctambulisme, n.m., noctambulism, sleep-walking.

nocturne, adj., nocturnal, nightly, night, of night.

nocturne, n.m., (rel.) nocturn; (mus.) nocturne.

nocturnement, adv., (l.u.) by night, nocturnally.

☉nocuité, n.f., noxiousness, culpability.

nodosité, n.f., nodosity; (surg.) node.

nodule, n.m., nodule.

nodus, n.m., (surg.) node.

noël, n.m., Christmas; Yule-tide; Christmas carol. Les fêtes de —; the Christmas holidays. À la fête de —, à la —; at Christmas. Noël! noël! Hurrah! hurrah!

nœud (neu), n.m., knot; stress, difficulty, intricacy, knotty point; rub; tie, bond, band, bow; knuckle; knob; node (med., bot., astron., lit.). — serré; hard knot. — coulant; noose, slip knot. Un — de diamants; a cluster of diamonds. — d’amour; love-knot. Bois plein de —s; wood full of knots. Voilà le — de l’affaire; there lies the kernel of the matter; there’s the rub. Resserrer les —s de l’amitié; to tighten the bonds of friendship. Le — de la gorge; Adam’s apple. — d’une pièce de théâtre; the knot or plot of a play. —s d’une planète; nodes of a planet. — de bouline; (nav.) bowline-knot. — de bois; (nav.) timber-hitch. Nous filons douze —s par heure; we are making twelve knots an hour. Le — gordien; the Gordian knot.

noguet, n.m., large, flat wicker basket.

noie-chien, n.m., shooting-boat.

noir, -e, adj., black; swarthy; foul, dirty; dark, gloomy; black and blue; dismal, dull, gloomy; base, wicked, foul, heinous; brown (of bread). — comme jais; black as jet. Des yeux —s; black eyes. Blé —; buckwheat. Bêtes —es; black game. Une chambre —e; a dark room. Un temps —; gloomy weather. Il a une humeur —e; he has a fit of the blues. Des idées —es; gloomy ideas. Un — attentat; a foul crime. Bête —e; pet aversion. Rendre —; to blacken. — comme dans un four; dark as pitch.

noir, n.m., black; negro; (agri.) brown-rust. — de fumée; lampblack. — animal; charcoal. — d’ivoire; ivory-black. Teindre en —; to dye black. Porter le —; to be in mourning. En —; in black. Broyer du —; to have the blues.

noirâtre, adj., blackish.

noiraud, -e, adj., dark, swarthy-looking.

noirceur, n.f., blackness; darkness; black spot; heinousness, baseness, atrocity, foulness, treacherous action, foul thing. La —de son crime; the heinousness of his crime. La — de son âme; the baseness of his soul.

noircir, v.a., to black, to blacken, to make black, to stain, to smut; to sully, to traduce, to asperse, to defame. Le soleil noircit le teint; the sun tans the complexion. — la réputation de quelqu’un; to sully any one’s character.

se noircir, v.r., to blacken, to grow black or dark; to get or turn black; to disgrace one’s self. Se — la barbe; to blacken one’s beard. Cela s’est noirci à la fumée; that has turned black in the smoke. Le temps se noircit; the weather is beginning to get cloudy.

noircir, v.n., to blacken, to grow black.

noircissure, n.f., smudge, black spot.

noire, n.f., (mus.) crotchet.

noise, n.f., quarrel, squabble, brawl. Chercher — à quelqu’un; to pick a quarrel with any one. Avoir — avec; to have a quarrel with.

noisetier (noaz-tié), n.m., nut-tree, hazel-tree.

noisette, n.f., nut, hazel-nut.

noix (noa), n.f., walnut, nut; kernel; (of meat) pope’s eye; tumbler (of fire-arms); plug (of cocks); grinding-wheel (of coffee-mills). — de galle; gall-nut. Coquille de —; walnut-shell. La — du genou; the knee-cap. — d’acajou; cachew-nut. — muscade; nutmeg. — vomique; nux vomica. Brou de —; walnut husk. — de terre, terre-— (—); earth-nut, pig-nut.

noli me tangere (-mé-tan-jé-ré), n.m. (—), (bot.) noli me tangere, touch me not.

nolis or nolisement, n.m., freight, chartering.

noliser, v.a., to freight, to charter.

nom (non), n.m., name; fame, celebrity; (gram.) noun, title, style. Un — propre, un — de baptême; a proper, a christian, name. Je ne le connais que de —; I only know him by name. — de guerre; assumed name; alias; nickname. Il nomme les choses par leur —; he calls a spade a spade. Au — de; in the name of. De —; in name. Avoir —; to be called. — social or raison sociale; name of the firm, style. Décliner son —; to give in one’s name. Changer de —; to change one’s name. — collectif; collective noun. — substantif, — adjectif; noun substantive, noun adjective. — d’une pipe, — d’un tonnerre, — d’un petit bon homme! By Jingo! By George!

nomade, n.m. and adj., nomad; nomadic, wandering, migratory. Peuples —s; nomadic tribes.

nomancie, n.f., nomancy.

nomarque, n.m., (antiq.) nomarch.

nombrable, adj., (l.u.) countable, numerable.

nombrant, adj., (math.) abstract.

nombre, n.m., number; numbers; quantity; variety; quorum; harmony. Mettre au — de; to number among. — compétent; quorum (of members). Surpasser en —; to outnumber. — pair; even number. — impair; odd number. — premier; primary number. Être du —, au — des savants; to be one of the learned. Vous n’êtes pas du —; you are not one of them. Dans le —; among the number. Il y a du — dans ces vers; there is harmony in these verses. — abstrait, — nombrant; abstract number. — concret, — nombré; concrete number. — d’or (astron.); golden number. N’être pas en — (of assemblies); not to form a quorum. Tout fait —; every little helps.

nombré, -e, part., (math.) concrete; numbered.

nombrer, v.a., to number, to compute, to sum up, to reckon.

nombreu-x, -se, adj., numerous; harmonious, full. Style —; harmonious style.

nombril (non-bri), n.m., (anat.) navel, umbilic; (bot.) hilum, eye.

nome, n.m., (antiq.) nome.

nomenclateur, n.m., nomenclator.

nomenclature, n.m., nomenclature.

nominal, -e, adj., nominal. Appel —; show of hands; call over.

nominalement, adv., nominally.

nominalisme, n.m., (philos.) nominalism.

nominaliste, n.m., (nominaux) (philos.) Nominalist.

nominataire, n.m., (ecc.) nominee, presentee.

nominateur, n.m., (ecc.) nominator, presenter, patron.

nominatif, n.m., (gram.) nominative.

nominati-f, -ve, adj., of names.

nomination, n.f., nomination, appointment; election, advowson; gift. Être dans la — de; to be in the gift of.

nominativement (-tiv-mān), adv., by name.

nommé, -e, part., named, said, appointed; designate; a certain. Le — Jacques; one James by name or the said James. À jour —; on the appointed day. À point —; in the nick of time. Un — Charles; a certain Charles by name.

nommément, adv., namely; particularly, especially.

nommer, v.a., to name, to call, to give a name; to nominate, to appoint, to elect, to mention. — quelqu’un son héritier; to institute any one one’s heir.

se nommer, v.r., to state one’s name; to be called. Comment se nomme-t-il? what is his name?

nomothète, n.m., (antiq.) nomothete.

non, adv., no, not. — pas, s’il vous plaît; not so, if you please. Vous ne l’aimez pas, ni moi — plus; you do not like it, nor I either. Je crois que —; I think not. Je dis que —; I say no. —-da; no indeed, certainly not.

non-acceptation, n.f., non-acceptance.

non-activité, n.f., (n.p.) (milit.) being unattached (of officers), non-effective.

nonagénaire, adj., of ninety, ninety years of age. n.m.f., nonagenarian.

nonagésime, adj., nonagesimal.

nonagone, n.m., nonagon.

nonandre, adj., (bot.) having nine stamens.

☉nonante, adj., ninety.

☉nonantième, adj., ninetieth.

nonce, n.m., nuncio.

nonchalamment (-la-mān), adv., carelessly, indolently, heedlessly.

nonchalance, n.f., carelessness, heedlessness, remissness, nonchalance.

nonchalant, -e, n. and adj., careless, listless person; careless, heedless, listless, remiss.

nonchaloir, n.m., nonchalance, heedlessness.

nonciature, n.f., nunciature, nuncio’s residence.

non-conformiste, n.m., (—-—s) nonconformist.

non-conformité, n.f., (n.p.) nonconformity.

none, n.f., (c.rel.) none; (antiq.) ninth hour (3 o’clock p.m.).

nones, n.f.pl., (antiq.) nones.

non-être, n.m., (n.p.) (philos.) non-entity, non-existence.

nonidi, n.m., nonidi (ninth day of the decade of the calendar of the first French republic).

non-intervention, n.f., (n.p.) (pol.) non-intervention.

nonius (-ûs), n.m., (math.) nonius, sliding rule.

non-jouissance, n.f., (n.p.) non-enjoyment, non-use.

non-lieu, n.m., (n.p.) (jur.) no cause, no ground, to prosecute. Ordonnance de —; release, discharge. Rendre une ordonnance de —; to throw out a bill (of indictment).

non-moi, n.m., (n.p.) (philos.) the non ego, the external world.

nonnain, n.f., (jest.) nun; (pigeon) jacobin.

nonnat, n.m., sand-eel, sand-smelt.

nonne, n.f., nun; (pigeon) bald-head.

nonnerie (no-n-rî), n.f., (jest.) nunnery.

nonnette, n.f., (jest.) young nun, nun; sort of gingerbread; (orni.) osprey. — cendrée; marsh-tit.

nonobstant, prep., notwithstanding, in spite of.

nonobstant que, conj., notwithstanding, although.

non-ouvré, -e, adj., (of raw materials) unwrought.

non-pair, adj., not even, odd (of numbers).

*nonpareil, -le, adj., nonpareil, matchless, unparalleled.

*nonpareille, n.f., nonpareil; narrow ribbon; nonpareil, nonesuch (apple, small sugar-plum); (print.) nonpareil.

non-payement, n.m., (—-—s) non-payment.

non plus ultra, n.m. V. nec plus ultra.

non-prix, n.m., (—) (com.) undervalue.

non-résidence, n.f., (n.p.) non-residence.

non-sens, n.m., (—) nonsense.

nonuple, adj., ninefold.

nonupler, v.a., to increase nine times.

non-usage, n.m., (n.p.) disuse.

non-valeur, n.f., (—-—s) unproductiveness; (com.) bad debt, worthless bill.

non-vente, n.f., no sale.

☉non-vue, n.f., (n.p.) (nav.) misty weather, fog.

nopal, n.m., (—s) (bot.) nopal; cochineal-fig.

nord, n.m., North; north-wind; Nord (department of France). —-est, north-east; north-east wind. —-ouest; north-west; north-west wind. Au — or vers le —; northwards. Faire le —; to sail northwards. Chemin de fer du —; Great Northern (railway) of France.

nord, adj. Pôle —; North pole.

noria, n.f., (—s) (mec.) noria, Persian-wheel; chain-pump.

normal, -e, adj., normal. Ecole —e; normal school. Etat —; healthy state, normal condition.

normale, n.f., (geom.) normal, perpendicular.

normalien, n.m., normal-school student.

normand, -e, adj., Norman; equivocal (of answers); feigned (reconciliation). Réponse —e; ambiguous answer.

normand, n.m., -e, n.f., Norman. Répondre en —; to give an evasive answer. C’est un fin —; he is a crafty fellow. C’est répondre en —; that is giving an evasive answer, that is shuffling.

normander, v.a., (agri.) to clean (corn).

nos, adj.m.f.pl., our.

nosographie, n.f., nosography.

nosologie, n.f., nosology.

nosologiste, n.m., nosologist.

nosseigneurs, n.m.pl., my lords; their lordships.

nostalgie, n.f., nostalgia, home-sickness.

nostoc, n.m., (bot.) nostoch.

nota, n.m., (—) observation, note, remark, marginal note. — bene; note carefully.

notabilité, n.f., (com.) respectability; notability; principal person.

notable, adj., notable, remarkable, considerable, of influence. Faits —s; remarkable doings; remarkable facts.

notable, n.m., principal; (hist. of France) notable; leading man; man of note, notability.

notablement, adv., notably, considerably, principally.

notaire, n.m., notary, solicitor, attorney. — public; notary public. C’est comme si le — y avait passé; it is as good as a bond.

notamment (no-ta-mān), adv., specially, especially, particularly, namely.

notarial, -e, adj., notarial.

notariat, n.m., profession of a notary; notary’s business.

notarié, -e, adj., notarial.

notation, n.f., notation.

note, n.f., note, mark, remark, brand; bill; account; minute, memorandum. — infamante; brand of infamy. Chanter sur une autre —; to change one’s tune. Chanter la —; to sol-fa. Bien attaquer la —; to make a note tell. — sensible; leading note.

noter, v.a., to note, to note down; to mark, to brand; to observe, to notice, to take notice; (mus.) to note, to prick. Notez bien cela; take good note of that. Notez bien! mark you! Mal noté; (pers.) ill-famed, of bad reputation. Cela est à —; that is worth noting down, worth remembering.

☉noteur, n.m., music copier.

notice, n.f., notice, note; account; sketch; review.

notification, n.f., notification.

notifier, v.a., to notify, to give notice of, to make known.

notion, n.f., notion, idea, knowledge. pl., elements, rudiments. Selon la — que j’en ai; according to my notion of it.

notoire, adj., notorious, well-known, plain.

notoirement (no-toar-mān), adv., notoriously, clearly.

notoriété, n.f., notoriety, evidence; reputation.

notre, adj.m.f. (nos), our. — maison; our house. — père; our father. Nos frères et nos sœurs; our brothers and sisters. Nos père et mère; our father and mother.

nôtre (le), possessive pron. m.f. (nôtres), ours. C’est votre ami et le —; it is your friend and ours. Le —; our own, ours. Les —s; our people, our relations, our friends. Celui-là est-il des —s? is that man one of our people? Ne serez-vous pas des —s? won’t you make one of us, or join our party? Voilà leur maison, celle-ci est la —; that is their house, this one is ours.

notre-dame, n.f., our Lady; festival in honor of our Lady; Notre-Dame (church).

noue, n.f., gutter-lead; pantile; pasture ground; cod-sound.

noué, -e, part., knotted, tied, rickety. Enfant —; rickety child; (of fruits) set. Une pièce de théâtre bien —e; dramatic piece, with a skillfully drawn plot.

nouement (noo-mān), n.m., knotting, tying.

nouer, v.a., to tie, to knot, to join; to get up, to concoct; to twist; to clasp, to form; (nav.) to hitch.

se nouer, v.r., to attach, to fasten one’s self; to grow rickety; (of fruits) to set.

nouer, v.n., (hort.) to set (of fruit).

nouet, n.m., little bag.

noueur, n.m., tier, binder.

noueu-x, -se, adj., knotty, gnarled, knotted, full of knots, nodose.

nougat, n.m., almond-cake.

nouilles or noules, n.f.pl., ribbon vermicelli.

noulet, n.m., gutter; rafter (of a roof).

noumène, n.m., (in Kant’s philos.) noumenon.

nourrain, n.m., fry (fish). V. alevin.

nourri, -e, part., nourished, fed; rich, full, copious; (of fire) well sustained, brisk. Feu bien —; very brisk fire. Une couleur —e; (paint.) color thickly laid on. Blé, grain, bien —; well-filled corn. Style —; copious style.

nourrice, n.f., nurse; wet-nurse. Mère —; foster-mother. Mettre un enfant en —; to put a child out to nurse. Elle dit qu’elle a vingt ans; et les mois de —; she says she is twenty; and the rest!

nourricier, n.m., foster-father, fosterer.

nourrici-er, -ère, adj., nutritive, nutritious. Père —; foster-father. Mère —ère; foster-mother.

nourrir, v.a., to nourish, to nurture; to feed, to keep, to maintain, to sustain; to suckle, to nurse, to foster, to harbor, to entertain; to supply; to bring up, to rear, to keep alive; to cherish. Le bois nourrit le feu; wood feeds the fire. La Sicile nourrissait Rome; Sicily supplied Rome with provisions. L’étude nourrit l’esprit; study strengthens the understanding. L’espérance nourrit l’amour; hope keeps love alive.

se nourrir, v.r., to feed, to live upon, to support one’s self upon; to live, to feed upon, to feast on, to delight in. Se bien nourrir; to live well.

nourrissage, n.m., feeding (of cattle).

nourrissant, -e, adj., nutritive, nourishing.

nourrisseur, n.m., cow-keeper, cattle-feeder; breeder.

nourrisseur, adj., (tech.) feeding.

nourrisson, n.m., foster-child, nurse-child, nursling, suckling.

nourriture, n.f., nourishment, food, diet, board, maintenance, living, livelihood; nurture. Son travail lui procure la —; his labor brings him in a livelihood. Faire des —s; to breed cattle, fowls, etc.

nous, personal pron., we, us; to us; each other. — disons; we say. Il — aime; he loves us. Vous — parlez; you speak to us. —-mêmes; ourselves. — autres; we or the like of us! — — aimons; we love each other. C’est à — à; it is our turn to. C’est à — de; it is our duty to.

nouure, n.f., rickets; (hort.) knotting, setting.

nouveau, nouvel, adj.m., nouvelle, f., new, recent, novel, fresh, further; new-fangled, modern, new-fashioned; inexperienced, green. Le nouvel an; the new year. De —le date; recently. De —le mode; new-fashioned. Recommencer sur nouveaux frais; to begin anew, or all over again. Un homme —; an upstart. Un habit —; a coat of a new fashion. Un nouvel habit; a fresh or another coat. — venu; newly-come. Un — venu; a new-comer; des nouveaux venus; new-comers; une nouvelle venue; new-comer (female); des nouvelles venues; new-comers (females). — débarqué; (fig.) person just come up from the country. [Nouvel is used for the masculine before a vowel or an h mute.]

nouveau, n.m., new, something new. À —; on new account. De —; anew; again. Qu’y a-t-il de —? what is the news?

nouveau-né, n.m. (—-—s), nouveau-née, n.f. (—-—s), new-born child.

nouveauté, n.f., newness, novelty; change, innovation. pl., fancy articles. Magasin de —s; linen-draper’s shop. C’est une — que de vous voir; it is quite a change to see you. Marchand de —s; linen-draper. Haute —; latest fashion.

nouvelle, n.f., news, tidings, intelligence, account; novelette; tale, story. Quelles sont les —s? what is the news? Débiter des —s; to spread news. —s de basse cour; idle rumors. Envoyer savoir des —s de quelqu’un; to send to know how any one is. Mandez-moi de vos —; let me hear from you. Ne faites rien que vous n’ayez de mes —; do nothing till you hear from me. Vous aurez de mes —s; you shall hear from me. J’en sais des —; I know something about it. Point de —s, bonnes —s; no news is good news. Recevoir des —s de; to hear from. Avez-vous de ses —? have you heard from him or her? Vous m’en direz des —; you’ll be astonished, delighted, highly pleased with it.

nouvellement (noo-vèl-mān), adv., newly, lately, recently.

nouvelleté (-vèl-té), n.f., (jur.) dispossession, trespass.

nouvelliste, n.m., newsmonger; novelist.

novale, n.f., land newly broken up. pl., tithes on new land.

novat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., innovator; innovating.

novation, n.f., (jur.) substitution, change.

novelles, n.f.pl., (Roman law) Justinian’s constitutions.

novembre, n.m., November.

novice, adj., novice, inexperienced, raw, green, new. Une main —; an inexperienced hand.

novice, n.m.f., novice, probationer; (nav.) apprentice. Il est encore — dans son métier; he is yet but a novice in his trade.

noviciat, n.m., novitiate, novices’ quarters, probationership.

☉novissimé, adv., (fam.) very lately.

noyade (noa-yad), n.f., drowning. Les noyades; (Fr. Hist.) judicial drowning.

noyale or noyalle (noa-yal), n.f., sailcloth, canvas.

noyau (noa-yô), n.m., stone (of fruit); nucleus; core (of statues, of casts); (metal.) core; noyau (cordial). — de pêche; stone of a peach. Fruits à —; stone-fruit.

noyé, -e (noa-yé), part. and n., drowned, drowning; a drowned person.

noyer (noa-yé), n.m., walnut-tree.

noyer (noa-yé), v.a., to drown; to put under water, to swamp, to ruin, to overwhelm; to deluge; (paint.) to mix, to blend, to confuse (colors); (tech.) to countersink, to let in.

se noyer (noa-yé), v.r., to be or get drowned, to drown one’s self; to be plunged (in), to go to ruin. Se — dans le sang; to wallow, to welter in blood. C’est un homme qui se noie; his affairs are going to the bad, or he is on the down-grade.

noyon (no-yon; noa-yon; né-yon), n.m., scratch, mark (at bowls).

noyure (no-yur; noa-yur), n.f., countersink (for nails, screws).

nu, -e, adj., naked, bare, uncovered; plain, open, without disguise, unadorned; destitute. Il avait la tête —e, il était nu-tête; he was bareheaded. Aller nu-pieds; to go barefoot or barefooted. Un va-nu-pieds; a poor destitute wretch. Observer quelque chose à l’œil —; to observe anything with the naked eye. C’est la vérité toute —e; it is the naked truth. —e propriété; (jur.) property without the usufruct of it, reversionary interest. — propriétaire; (jur.) owner without the usufruct of his property. — comme un ver; stark-naked.

nu, n.m., (paint.) nude, nudity; bare (of a wall). pl., (Bibl.) naked. À —; naked, bare, open; next the skin. Monter un cheval à —; to ride a horse barebacked. Mettre à —; to lay bare or open; to strip.

nuage, n.m., cloud; mist; (fig.) darkness; gloom, shadow, sadness, dejection; dissension, jar, unpleasantness. Le ciel est couvert de —s; the sky is covered with clouds. Un — de poussière; a cloud of dust.

nuageu-x, -se, adj., cloudy, clouded. Un ciel —; a cloudy sky.

nuaison, n.f., (nav.) continuance of a steady set breeze.

nuance, n.f., shade, hue, tint, cast; difference, distinction; gradation, degree.

nuancer, v.a., to shade, to variegate, to tint, to blend. — des couleurs; to shade colors. Se —; v.r., to be variegated, or shaded.

nubécule, n.f., (med.) nubecula.

nubile, adj., marriageable, nubile.

nubilité, n.f., nubility, marriageable age.

nudité, n.f., nudity, nakedness.

nue, n.f., cloud. pl., skies. Elever jusqu’aux —s; to extol to the skies. Se perdre dans les —s; to lose one’s self in the clouds. Sauter aux —; to jump to the ceiling; to go wild with joy. Tomber des —s; to fall from the clouds, (fig.) to be amazed.

nuée, n.f., cloud; storm; swarm, host, multitude, flock, shower, flight. Une — de barbares; a swarm of barbarians. Une — de traits; a shower of darts.

nuement. V. nûment.

nuer, v.a. V. nuancer.

nuire (nuisant, nui), v.n., to hurt, to prejudice, to do hurt, to harm, to stand in the way of, to annoy, to wrong; to spoil, to hinder, to be prejudicial to. Il cherche à me —; he seeks to do me harm. Le froid nuit à la santé; cold is hurtful to health. Ne pas —; not to harm; not to hurt; to be harmless; to be of use; to help, to assist.

se nuire, v.r., to hurt, to injure, one’s self; to hurt, to injure, each other.

nuisible, adj., hurtful, detrimental, prejudicial, injurious, noxious.

nuit, n.f., night, night-time; darkness. Bonnet de —; night-cap. À la — tombante; or à la tombée de la —; at nightfall, at dusk. Passer la —; to spend the night, to sit up all night. — close; nightfall. — blanche; sleepless night. — noire; pitch-dark. L’astre des —s; the orb of night. Il fait —; it is night, dark. Il se fait —; night is coming on. La — de l’ignorance; the darkness of ignorance. De —; by night, in the night-time, nightly. Effet de —; (paint.) night piece. Faites une bonne —; sleep well. La — porte conseil; seek advice of your pillow; sleep upon it.

nuitamment (-ta-mān), adv., by night, in the night, nightly.

nuitée, n.f., night’s lodging; night’s work; whole night.

nul, -le, pron., no one, not any, nobody, not one. — n’ose en approcher; nobody dares come near him, or it.

nul, -le, adj., no, not any; void, of no force, null, invalid. —le part; nowhere. Sans — égard; without any regard. Rendre —; to nullify. C’est un homme —; he is a mere cipher.

nulle, n.f., null; (cryptography) graphic sign that is meaningless, superfluous.

nullement (nul-mān), adv., not at all, by no means.

nullifier (nul-li-fié), v.a., to nullify.

nullité (nul-li-té), n.f., nullity, incapacity; (jur.) flaw. La — d’un acte; the nullity of a deed. Cet homme est d’une parfaite —; that man is a perfect cipher.

numéraire, n.m. and adj., metallic currency, specie, cash; legal (of coin). Valeur —; legal value, legal tender.

numéral, -e, adj., numeral.

numérateur, n.m., (arith.) numerator.

numération, n.f., (arith.) numeration.

numérique, adj., numerical.

numériquement (-rik-mān), adv., numerically.

numéro, n.m., number; (com.) size; sort, kind, quality. Donnez-moi le — de sa maison; give me the number of his house. Voyez le — cinq; see number five. Il entend le —; (pop.) he understands his business.

numérotage, n.m., numbering.

numéroter, v.a., to number.

numismate, n.m., numismatist.

numismatique, adj., numismatic.

numismatique, n.f., numismatics.

numismatographie, n.f., numismatography.

nummulaire, n.f., (bot.) moneywort.

nummulite, n.f., nummulite.

nuncupatif, adj.m., nuncupatory, nuncupative. Testament —; nuncupative will.

nuptial, -e, adj., nuptial, bridal.

nuque, n.f., nape (of the neck); poll (of horses).

nutation, n.f., (astron., bot.) nutation.

nutriti-f, -ve, adj., nutritive, nutritions, nourishing.

nutrition, n.f., nutrition.

nyctage du Pérou, n.f., (bot.) marvel of Peru, mirabilis.

nyctalope, n.m.f., nyctalops.

nyctalopie, n.f., nyctalopia, nyctalopy.

nymphe, n.f., nymph; (ent.) nymph, grub. pl., (anat.) nymphæ.

nymphéa, n.m., (bot.) nenuphar, white water-lily.

nymphéacées, n.f.pl., (bot.) nymphæaceæ.

nymphée, n.f. or m., (antiq.) nymphæum.

nymphomanie, n.f., nymphomania.

nyssa, n.m., tupelo, sour-gum-tree.

O

o, n.m., the fifteenth letter of the alphabet, o.

o. (ab. of Ouest), W., West.

o! int., O! oh! Les — de Noël; Christmas anthems.

oasis (o-a-zîs), n.f., oasis.

obclavé, -e, adj., (bot.) obovate.

obconique, adj., (bot.) obconic, obconical.

obcordé, -e, adj., (bot.) obcordate.

obédience, n.f., (theol.) permission to leave one convent for another; functions (in a convent); jurisdiction (of the pope); (Bibl.) obedience.

obédiencier, n.m., priest doing duty in another’s benefice, obedienciary.

obédientiel, -le (-ci-èl), adj., (ecc.) pertaining, relating to obedience; (Bibl.) obediential.

obéir, v.n., to obey, to comply with, to be obedient; to bend, to yield, to give way, to submit. Pour — à; in obedience to. Il faut lui —; he must be obeyed. Se faire —; to make one’s self obeyed.

obéissance, n.f., obedience, allegiance; dominion (of princes). Prêter — à un prince; to yield dominion to a prince. Être sous l’— de père et mère; to be under the legal authority of parents. Être d’une grande —; to be very obedient.

obéissant, -e, adj., obedient, docile, dutiful, submissive; pliant, obsequious.

obélisque, n.m., obelisk.

obérer, v.a., to encumber, to run into debt. C’est un homme fort obéré; he is greatly in debt.

s’obérer, v.r., to involve one’s self in debt, to become involved.

obèse, adj., obese, corpulent.

obésité, n.f., obesity, corpulence.

obier, n.m., guelder-rose.

obit (o-bit), n.m., (c.rel.) obit.

obituaire, n.m. and adj., (c.rel.) obituary.

objecter, v.a., to object, to raise as an objection (to), to reproach (with); to allege (against); to demur (to). Vous m’objecterez que c’est bien connu; you will say to me that it is a well-known thing.

objecti-f, -ve, adj., objective.

objectif, n.m., (opt.) object-glass; (philos., milit.) object, objective; aim, end.

objection, n.f., objection. Aller au-devant d’une —; to meet an objection. Je ne vois pas d’objection à ce que cela se fasse; I see no objection to its being done.

objectivement, adv., objectively.

objectivité, n.f., objectivity.

objet, n.m., object, subject, matter, business; aim, end, view, drift, purport; article. pl., goods. Un — de risée; a laughing-stock. Être l’— de la conversation; to be the subject of conversation. Il n’a pour — que son intérêt; his only aim is self-interest. Il vend toutes sortes d’—s; he deals in all sorts of articles. —s de première nécessité; articles of indispensable use.

objurgation, n.f., objurgation.

objurgatoire, adj., objurgatory.

oblat, n.m., ☉lay monk.

oblation, n.f., oblation, offering.

obligataire, n.m., (com., fin.) bond-holder, debenture-holder.

obligation, n.f., obligation; (com., fin., jur.) bond, debenture, preference share. Remplir ses —s; to fulfill one’s obligations. Vous êtes dans l’— de lui répondre; you are bound to answer him. Être dans l’— de; to be under an obligation to. Porteur d’—; (com.) bond-holder, debenture holder.

obligatoire, adj., obligatory, incumbent.

obligatoirement (-tôar-mān), adv., obligatorily, compulsorily.

obligé, n.m., indentures (of apprenticeship).

obligé, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) obligor, debtor.

obligé, -e, part., obliged, compelled, bound; necessary, usual. Je suis — de sortir; I am obliged to go out.

obligeamment (-ja-mān), adv., obligingly.

obligeance (-jans), n.f., kindness, obligingness.

obligeant, -e, adj., obliging, kind.

obliger, v.a., to oblige, to bind; to compel, to induce; to gratify. Votre devoir vous y oblige; you are bound in duty to do it. — un apprenti; to bind an apprentice.

s’obliger, v.r., to bind one’s self.

obliger, v.n., to impose obligations; to oblige, to favor.

oblique, adj., oblique, slanting; (fig.) indirect, unfair. Pont —; oblique-bridge, skew-bridge.

obliquement (o-blik-mān), adv., obliquely, crookedly, indirectly, unfairly, aslant.

obliquer, v.n., to walk in an oblique direction, to slant, to swerve, to turn (to).

obliquité, n.f., obliquity; obliqueness; slant; unfairness.

oblitération, n.f., obliteration.

oblitérer, v.a., to obliterate.

s’oblitérer, v.r., to become obliterated; (l.u.) to fall into disuse, to disappear.

oblong, -ue, adj., oblong.

obole, n.f., obole; (fig.) groat, farthing, stiver; mite, particle. N’avoir pas une —; not to be worth a stiver.

obombrer, v.a., (Bibl.) to overshadow.

obreptice, adj., obreptitious.

obrepticement (-tis-mān), adv., by concealing the truth, obreptitiously.

obreption, n.f., concealment of the truth, reticence, obreption.

obscène, adj., obscene.

obscénité, n.f., obscenity, obsceneness.

obscur, -e, adj., obscure, dark, black, gloomy, sombre; (fig.) mean, humble, mysterious. Il fait —; it is dark. Naissance —e; mean birth. Couleur —e; dark color. Clair-—, (—s-—s) (paint.) light and shade.

obscurantisme, n.m., obscurantism.

obscurantiste, n.m., anti-educationist.

obscurcir, v.a., to obscure, to darken, to dim, to sully, to tarnish, to throw into the shade. — la vue; to dim the sight.

s’obscurcir, v.r., to become obscure, dark; to grow dim. Le soleil s’obscurcit; the sun is hidden. Le ciel s’obscurcit; the sky is overcast. Son esprit s’obscurcit; his intellect or mind is becoming clouded.

obscurcissement (-sis-mān), n.m., obscuration, darkness, dimness.

obscurément, adv., obscurely, confusedly, dimly.

obscurité, n.f., obscurity, gloom, darkness; (fig.) humbleness, meanness, mysteriousness. À travers l’— de la nuit; through the darkness of the night.

obsécration, n.f., (rhet.) obsecration.

obséder, v.a., to beset; to importune, to possess (of evil spirits); to torment, to haunt.

obsèques (ob-sèk-), n.f.pl., obsequies, funeral.

obséquieusement, adv., obsequiously.

obséquieu-x, -se, adj., obsequious.

obséquiosité, n.f., obsequiousness.

observable, adj., observable.

observance, n.f., observance.

observantin, n.m., Observant Franciscan.

observat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., observer; observant, observing, spy, looker-on. Un esprit —; an observing mind.

observation, n.f., observance; observation, remark, hint; (fig.) fulfillment, accomplishment. Être en —; to be on the look-out.

observatoire, n.m., observatory.

observer, v.a., to observe, to mind, to notice; to point out (to); to watch, to keep a watch over; to practice, to fulfill, to perform. — les lois; to observe the laws. Lui avez-vous fait — que? did you point out to him that? Faire —; to remind, to call a person’s attention to.

s’observer, v.r., to be circumspect, to be cautious, to look about one’s self; to eye one another; to be on one’s guard; to keep a check upon one’s self.

obsesseur, adj., besetting.

obsession, n.f., besetting, obsession; being possessed of.

obsidiane or obsidienne, n.f., (min.) obsidian (volcanic glass).

obsidional, -e, adj., obsidional. Couronne —e; obsidional crown.

obstacle, n.m., obstacle, bar, hindrance, impediment, obstruction, check, drawback. Lever un —; to remove an impediment. Rencontrer un —; to meet with an obstacle. Faire naître un —; to raise an obstacle.

obstétrical, -e, adj., obstetric, obstetrical.

obstétrique, n.f., obstetrics.

obstination, n.f., obstinacy, pertinacity, stubbornness, willfulness.

obstiné, -e, adj., obstinate; self-willed; stubborn; determined.

obstinément, adv., obstinately, stubbornly, willfully.

obstiner, v.a., to make obstinate.

s’obstiner, v.r., to be obstinate, to be obstinately resolved (upon), to insist (on), to persist (in). S’— à une chose; to persist in a thing. Il s’obstine dans son opinion; he clings to his opinion.

obstructi-f, -ve, adj., obstructive, obstruent.

obstruction, n.f., obstruction, stoppage.

obstrué, -e, adj., obstructed, stopped.

obstruer, v.a., to obstruct, to stop up; to block up, to bar. S’—; to become obstructed, knocked up.

obtempérer, v.n., (jur.) to obey; to submit (to), to comply (with), to fall in (with). — à un ordre; to obey an order.

obtenir, v.a., to obtain, to procure, to get, to gain. — satisfaction d’un outrage; to obtain satisfaction for an insult. Faire —; to get, to procure for (anybody).

s’obtenir, v.r., to be obtained or obtainable.

obtention, n.f., obtaining, obtainment, getting; (jur.) purchase.

obturateur, n.m., (anat.) obturator; lid, cover.

obturat-eur, -rice, adj., (anat.) obturator; obturating; covering, stopping; pubic (artery).

obturation, n.f., (surg.) covering, stopping.

obtus, -e, adj., obtuse, dull, blunt. Angle —; obtuse angle. Esprit —; dull, heavy mind.

obtusangle, adj., obtuse-angular.

obtusangulé, -e, adj., (bot.) obtuse-angled.

obus (o-buz), n.m., (artil.) shell.

obusier, n.m., (artil.) howitzer.

obvenir, v.n., (jur.) to escheat.

obvention, n.f., (ecc.) obvention.

obvers or obverse, n.m., obverse.

obvier, v.n., to obviate, to prevent, to hinder. — à un inconvénient; to prevent an inconvenience.

oc, adv., (in Old Provençal) yes. Langue d’—; langue d’oc (the language south of the Loire).

oca, n.m., (bot.) oca.

occase, adj., (astron.) occasive (i.e. westerly).

occasion, n.f., opportunity, occasion; cause, reason, behalf, sake; bargain, job-lot, second-hand. Il faut attendre l’—; one must bide one’s time. Profiter d’une —; to take advantage of, to improve, an opportunity. En toute —; on all occasions. Dans l’—; as occasion offers, when occasion serves. Par —; occasionally; accidentally. Je vous l’enverrai par —; I shall send it you by private hand. À votre —; for your sake. D’—; accidentally; second-hand. Marchandise d’—; second-hand goods, job-lot.

occasionnel, -le, adj., occasional.

occasionnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., occasionally.

occasionner, v.a., to occasion, to bring on, to cause, to produce.

occident, n.m., West. D’—; western.

occidental, -e, adj., occidental, western, westerly. Les Indes —es; the West Indies.

occidentaux, n.m.pl., natives, inhabitants, of the western countries.

occipital, -e, adj., occipital.

occiput (-put), n.m., occiput.

☉occire, v.a., to slay, to kill, to do for.

☉occis, part., killed, slain, done for.

☉occiseur, n.m., murderer, killer, slayer.

☉occision, n.f., killing; slaughter.

occlusion, n.f., (med.) closing, shutting up.

occultation, n.f., (astron.) occultation.

occulte, adj., occult, hidden, secret.

occupant, -e, n. and adj., occupant, possessor; occupier; occupying, engrossing, taking up; (jur.) concerned (as attorney).

occupation, n.f., occupation, business, employment, work. Donner de l’— à quelqu’un; to cut out work for any one.

occupé, -e, adj., busy, occupied, engaged.

occuper, v.a., to occupy, to employ; to take up, to fill; to inhabit. — une maison; to occupy a house. — la place de quelqu’un; to be in any one’s place. Il faut — les jeunes gens; youth must have occupation.

s’occuper à (habitual) or de (particular), v.r., to occupy one’s self; to be busy, to apply one’s self, to attend to, to trouble one’s self about. S’— à lire; to be busy reading. Je m’occupe de votre affaire; I am looking after or attending to your business.

occuper, v.n., (jur.) to be concerned as attorney, to appear; to plead.

occurrence (o-kur-rans), n.f., occurrence, emergency.

occurrent, -e, adj., (l.u.) occurring, occurrent.

océan, n.m., ocean; the high seas.

océanide, n.f., (myth.) Oceanide, nymph of the Sea, daughter of the Ocean.

océanique, adj., oceanic.

ocelle, n.m., ocellus.

ocellé, -e, adj., ocellated.

ochlocratie (o-klo-cra-ci), n.f., ochlocracy.

☉ochre, n.f. V. ocre.

ocre, n.f., ochre.

ocreu-x, -se, adj., ochry, ochreous.

octaèdre, n.m., (geom.) octahedron.

octaédrique, adj., (geom.) octahedral.

octandre, adj., (bot.) octandrian, octandrous.

octandrie, n.f., (bot.) octandria.

octant, n.m., octant; quadrant.

☉octante, adj., eighty, fourscore.

☉octantième (-tièm), adj., eightieth.

octarchie (-shi), n.f., octarchy.

octave, n.f., octave; eight.

octavin, n.m., octave-flute.

octavo, adv., eighthly. V. in-octavo.

octavon, n.m., -ne, n.f., octoroon, mustee, person one-eighth black.

octidi, n.m., octidi, eighth day of the decade in the calendar of the first French republic.

octil, adj.m., (astron.) octile.

octobre, n.m., October.

octogénaire, n.m.f. and adj., octogenary, octogenarian.

octogone, n.m. and adj., octagon; octagonal.

octostyle, adj., octostyle.

octroi, n.m., grant; concession; town-dues, toll, duty; octroi, toll-house or office.

octroyer, v.a., to grant, to concede.

octuple, adj., eightfold, octuple.

octupler, v.a., (l.u.) to increase eightfold.

oculaire, adj., ocular. Témoin —; eye-witness. Verre —; eye-glass.

oculaire, n.m., (opt.) eye-glass, eye-piece, eye-end.

oculairement (-lèr-mān), adv., ocularly.

oculiste, n.m., oculist.

odalisque, n.f., odalisk, odalisque.

ode, n.f., ode.

odelette, n.f., (poet.) odelet.

odéon or odéum, n.m., Odéon (name of a theatre in Paris).

odeur, n.f., odor, smell, scent, fragrancy, perfume. N’être pas en — de sainteté auprès de quelqu’un; not to be in the good graces of any one. En — de sainteté; in the Lord; in favor.

odieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., odiously, hatefully.

odieu-x, -se, adj., odious, hateful, loathsome, invidious. Se rendre —; to make one’s self odious.

odieux, n.m., odium, hatefulness, invidiousness. L’— de la chose; the hateful part of the business.

odomètre, n.m., odometer, pedometer. V. pédomètre.

odontalgie, n.f., odontalgia, toothache, odontalgy.

ondontalgique, n.m. and adj., odontalgic.

odontoïde, adj., (anat.) odontoid.

odontologie, n.f., (anat.) odontology.

odorant, -e, adj., odoriferous, fragrant, sweet-smelling.

odorat, n.m., smell; smelling; sense of smell.

odoriférant, -e, adj., odoriferous, fragrant, sweet-scented or smelling.

odyssée, n.f., Odyssey.

œcuménicité, n.f., œcumenicity.

œcuménique, adj., œcumenical.

œcuméniquement, adv., œcumenically.

œdémateu-x, -se, adj., œdematous.

œdème, n.m., (med.) œdema.

œdipe, n.m., riddle-solver.

œgagre (égagr), n.m., wild goat.

*œil (eu-ye), n.m., (yeux) eye, look; bud; luster, gloss; (bot.) ox-eye, daisy; hole (in bread, cheese); (print.) face; bubble (of soup); luster (of precious stones); eye (of a needle). Clin d’—; twinkle. En un clin d’—; in the twinkling of an eye. Un beau coup d’—; a fine prospect or view or spectacle. Le premier coup d’—; the first glance or sight of. D’un coup d’—; at a glance. Avoir mal aux yeux; to have sore eyes. Regarder quelqu’un du coin de l’—; to glance at, to ogle, to leer. Regarder quelqu’un entre les deux yeux; to look any one full in the face. Entre quatre yeux; in private, between ourselves. Ouvrir de grands yeux; to stare, to stare with one’s eyes wide open. Avoir l’— à quelque chose; to have an eye upon anything, to mind, to attend to. Avoir l’— sur; to watch any one, to see to anything. Suivre de l’—; to follow with the eye, to watch. Le soleil me donne dans les yeux; the sun dazzles my eyes. La lumière me tire les yeux; the light hurts my eyes. Cela lui blesse les yeux; that is an eyesore to him. À vue d’—; visibly. Donner dans l’— à quelqu’un; to take any one’s fancy. Avoir le compas dans l’—; to have a good eye for distances. Avoir le coup d’—; to have a carpenter’s eye. Faire les yeux doux; to look lovingly (at), to cast loving glances (at). Dévorer quelqu’un des yeux; to look any one through and through. S’en battre l’—; not to care a rap about. Couver des yeux; to look lovingly (on). Dévorer une chose des yeux; to look upon a thing with greedy eyes. Cela saute aux yeux; it is obvious; it is as clear as noonday. Avoir un bandeau sur les yeux; to be blindfolded. Pour vos beaux yeux; for your pretty face or for nothing. Je lui ai poché l’—; I gave him a black eye. Il a de bons yeux; he is sharp-sighted. Il n’a des yeux que pour elle; he sees nothing but her. Fermer les yeux sur quelque chose; to connive at, to wink at anything. Se mettre le doigt dans l’—; to delude or flatter one’s self. N’avoir pas froid aux yeux; not to funk; not to stick at trifles; not to be afraid of one’s shadow. Mais! votre chapeau vous crève les yeux; why, your hat is staring you in the face. Avoir les yeux battus; to have a tired look about the eyes. Avoir les yeux cernés; to have dark circles round the eyes. Des yeux à fleur de tête; goggle-eyes. Voir de bon —; to look favorably (on). Voir de mauvais —; to look unfavorably (on).

œil-de-bœuf, n.m., (—s-—) bull’s eye; round or oval window; ☉a waiting-room in the royal palace at Versailles.

œil-de-chat, n.m., (—s-—) (min.) cat’s-eye.

œil-de-perdrix, n.m., (yeux-—) soft corn (on the foot).

œil-de-serpent, n.m., (—s-—) (min.) serpentine-stone.

œil-d’or, n.m., (—s-—) (ich.) gold-finny.

*œillade, n.f., glance, ogle, sheep’s eye. Jeter des —s; to cast glances (at), to ogle.

œillère, adj.f., of the eye. Dent —; canine tooth.

*œillère, n.f., eye-flap, blinker (of a horse); canine tooth.

*œillet, n.m., (bot.) carnation, pink; (nav.) eye; eyelet; eyelet-hole. — de poète; sweet william.

*œilleton, n.m., (hort.) offset; layer.

*œillette, n.f., field-poppy.

œnanthe, n.f., (bot.) watery drop-wort.

œnologie, n.f., wine-making.

œnomancie, n.f., (antiq.) œnomancy (divination by wine).

œnomètre, n.m., œnometer (to ascertain the strength of wine).

œnophile, n.m., œnophilist. Société —; wine company.

œnophore, n.m., (antiq.) wine vessel, goblet.

œsophage, n.m., œsophagus, gullet.

œsophagien, -ne (-in, -é-n), adj., pertaining to the œsophagus.

œstre, n.m., (ent.) œstrus, gad-fly.

œuf (euf), n.m., (œufs) (eû) egg. pl., roe (of a fish). —s pochés; poached eggs. —s à la coque; boiled eggs. —s brouillés; buttered eggs. — couvi; addled egg. — frais; new-laid egg. —s sur le plat, —s au miroir; fried eggs. Plein comme un —; as full as an egg. Il tondrait sur un —; he would skin a flint. Mettre tous ses —s dans un panier; to risk all in one enterprise. Donner un — pour avoir un bœuf, to give a sprat to catch a herring. Faire d’un — un bœuf; to make mountains out of mole-hills.

œuvé, -e, adj., hard-roed (of fish).

œuvre, n.f., work, piece of work; works (of an author); production, performance; deed, act; bezel, setting (of a stone); church-wardens’ pew; fabric (fund appropriated for the repairs of a church). — de piété, — de charité; act of piety, of charity. —s pies; pious works. Une — de génie; a work of genius. La fin couronne l’—; all’s well that ends well. À l’ — on connaît l’ouvrier; the workman is known by his work. À bon jour, bonne —; the better the day, the better the deed. Maître des hautes —s; hangman. Maître des basses —s; nightman. Mettre en —; to make use of, to work up, to bring to bear; to set (jewelry). Mettre tout en —; to leave no stone unturned. —s inédites; unpublished works. —s posthumes; posthumous works. —s mêlées; miscellaneous works, miscellanea.

œuvre, n.m., work; (arch.) clear; works of musicians and engravers; performance; (metal.) argentiferous lead. Gros —; outer wall. Travailler au grand —; to seek the philosopher’s stone. Dans —; (arch.) apart, inside; clear, in the clear. Hors d’—; (arch.) from out to out. Sous —; (mas.) underpinning. À pied d’—; at hand, in the neighborhood, near.

œuvrer, v.a., to work.

offensant, -e, adj., offensive, obnoxious, abusive.

offense, n.f., offense, affront, insult, injury, wrong; (jur.) contempt, transgression, trespass. Demander réparation d’une —; to demand satisfaction for an offense. Pardonner les —s; to forgive offenses. Expier une —; to atone for an offense.

offensé, n.m., offended party.

offenser, v.a., to offend, to give offense; to hurt, to injure, to insult, to abuse, to shock; to be offensive to, to offend against. Le coup lui a offensé le cerveau; the blow hurt his brain. — la délicatesse; to offend against delicacy.

s’offenser, v.r., to be offended, to take exception (to), to take offense (at).

offenseur, n.m., offender.

offensi-f, -ve, adj., offensive (attack).

offensive, n.f., offensive.

offensivement (-siv-mān), adv., offensively.

offerte, n.f., or offertoire, n.m., (c.rel.) offertory.

office, n.m., office; duty; employment, functions; service, turn; worship. D’—; officially, ex-officio. Avocat nommé d’—; counsel appointed by the judge. Faire quelque chose d’—; to do a thing of one’s own accord. C’est un — d’ami que vous lui avez rendu; it is a friendly turn you have done him. Rendre un mauvais — à quelqu’un; to do any one an ill-turn. L’— divin; divine service, church-time. Livre d’—; prayer-book. Exercer un —; to hold an office. Le saint-—; the holy-office, the Inquisition.

office, n.f., servants’ hall, pantry, larder, steward’s room. pl., dependencies of the kitchen.

official, n.m., (ecc.) official.

officialité, n.f., officiality.

officiant, n. and adj. m., officiating priest, officiating clergyman; officiating.

officiante, n.f., officiating nun.

officiel, -le, adj., official.

officiellement (-èl-mān), adv., officially.

officier, v.n., to officiate; to play one’s part; to do one’s duty at table, to eat heartily.

officier, n.m., officer; butler, steward. — de marine; naval officer. — général; general officer, (nav.) flag-officer. — d’état-major; staff-officer. — supérieur; field-officer. — de compagnie; regimental officer. — de justice; law-officer. — de port; harbor-master. — de santé; medical officer; surgeon. Sous-—; non-commissioned officer. —s de la bouche; king’s cooks. —s du gobelet; king’s butlers.

officieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., officiously, obligingly.

officieuseté, n.f., officiousness.

officieu-x, -se, n. and adj., busy-body; officious, obliging.

officinal, -e, adj., (pharm.) officinal.

officine, n.f., an apothecary’s laboratory.

offrande, n.f., offering, present.

offrant, adj.m., bidding. Au plus — et dernier enchérisseur; to the highest and last bidder.

offrant, n.m., bidder.

offre, n.f., offer, tender, proposal.

offrir (offrant, offert), v.a., to offer, to propose, to tender; to present; to afford, to give, to yield; to bid. — un présent; to offer a present.

s’offrir, v.r., to offer, to propose one’s self; to offer. Si l’occasion s’offre; if occasion offers.

offuscation, n.f., (astron.) obfuscation (of the sun’s rays).

offusquer, v.a., to obscure, to darken, to eclipse, to cloud; to dazzle, to blind; to offend. Le soleil m’offusque les yeux; the sun dazzles my eyes. Cet artiste a un rival qui l’offusque; that artist has a rival who stands in his light.

s’offusquer, v.r., to become darkened; (fig.) to take offense.

ogival, -e, adj., (arch.) pointed.

ogive, n.f., ogive, pointed arch. En —; ogival, pointed.

*ognon, n.m. V. oignon.

*ognonnet, n.m. V. oignonnet.

*ognonnière, n.f. V. oignonnière.

ogre, n.m., ogre. Il mange comme un —; he eats like a wolf.

ogresse, n.f., ogress.

oh! int., O! ho!

oïdium, n.m., (n.p.) (agri.) oidium, vine-mildew.

oie, n.f., (orni.) goose; simpleton, ninny. Plume d’—; goose-quill. — de mer; merganser. Contes de ma mère l’—; tales of Mother Goose, fairy tales. Jeu de l’—; game of goose. Patte d’—; goose-foot; (fig.) crow’s foot, cross- (of roads).

*oignon, n.m., onion; bulb, bulbous root; bunion; turnip (watch). Regretter les —s d’Egypte; to sigh for or hanker after the flesh-pots of Egypt. Chapelet d’—s; ropeway of onions. Un — de tulipe; a tulip bulb. Être en rang d’—; to be all in a row, in a file. Se mettre en rang d’—; to take one’s place in a row.

*oignonet, n.m., ognonet (summer pear).

*oignonière, n.f., onion-bed.

oïl, adv., (old French) yes. Langue d’—; language spoken north of the Loire.

☉*oille (o-ye), n.f., (cook.) olio.

oindre (oignant, oint), v.a., to anoint. Oignez vilain, il vous poindra, poignez vilain, il vous oindra (i.e. if not oppressed, the churls will become oppressors).

oing (oin), n.m., hog’s-grease, cart-grease. Vieux —; cart-grease, axle-grease.

oint, n.m., anointed. L’— du Seigneur; the Lord’s anointed.

oiseau, n.m., bird; creature (pers.); (mas.) fellow, chap, bird, fish, hod. — de proie; bird of prey. Tirer aux —x; to go out fowling. — moqueur; mocking-bird. Chasse aux —x; bird-shooting. Plan à vue d’—; bird’s-eye view. Il est comme l’— sur la branche; he is unsettled; he is always on the move. La belle cage ne nourrit pas l’—; a fine cage does not fill a bird’s belly. Petit à petit l’— fait son nid; little strokes fell great oaks. Il a battu les buissons, un autre a pris l’—; he did the work, another stole the profits. À tout — son nid est beau; home is home, be it ever so homely. À vol d’—; as the crow flies, in a straight line. — mouche, (—x —s) humming-bird. — trompette; (orni.) trumpeter. —x de passage; birds of passage. —x de basse-cour; fowls, poultry. —x voyageurs; migratory birds.

oiseler (oa-zlé), v.a., (hawking) to train a bird.

oiseler, v.n., to catch birds.

oiselet, n.m., little bird.

oiseleur (oa-zleur), n.m., bird-catcher.

oiselier, n.m., bird-seller, dealer in birds.

oisellerie (oa-zèl-rî), n.f., bird-catching; bird-trade.

oiseu-x, -se, adj., indolent, idle, useless, trifling. Mener une vie —se; to live in idleness. Paroles —ses; idle words.

oisi-f, -ve, adj., idle, unoccupied; uninvested, lying dead (of money).

oisif, n.m., idler.

*oisillon, n.m., young bird, fledgling.

oisivement (oa-ziv-mān), adv., idly.

oisiveté (oa-ziv-té), n.f., idleness, indolence, ease; sloth. Croupir dans l’—; to be steeped, or to wallow, in indolence.

oison, n.m., gosling; ninny, simpleton.

oléagineu-x, -se, adj., oleaginous, oily.

oléandre, n.m., (bot.) oleander, rose-bay.

oléifère, adj., oil-bearing, oleiferous.

oléine, n.f., (chem.) oleine.

oléique, adj., (chem.) oleic.

oléracé, -e, adj., oleraceous.

olfacti-f, -ve, adj., olfactory.

oliban, n.m., (pharm.) olibanum.

olibrius (-ûs), n.m., conceited, obtrusive person.

oliette, n.f. V. œillette.

oligarchie, n.f., oligarchy.

oligarchique, adj., oligarchical.

oligarque, n.m., partisan of an oligarchy.

oligiste, adj., (min.) oligist.

olim, n.m., (—) statute-book.

olinde, n.f., sword-blade.

olivaie, n.f., olive-grove.

olivaire, adj., olivary.

olivaison, n.f., olive season, crop of olives.

olivâtre, adj., olivaceous, olive-green.

olive, n.f., (bot.) olive; (arch.) olive-molding. Branche, rameau, d’—; olive branch.

olivète, n.f. (bot.). V. œillette.

olivettes, n.f.pl., sort of dance after the olives are gathered.

olivier, n.m., olive-tree, olive, olive wood.

ollaire, adj.f., soft (of stones easy to cut). Pierre —; potstone.

olla podrida, n.f., (—) olio; olla podrida, hotch-potch.

ollure, n.f., tanner’s leather apron.

olographe, adj., holographic, holographical. Testament —; will written in the testator’s own hand. V. holographe.

olographe, n.m., holograph.

olonier, n.m., (bot.) strawberry-tree; cane-apple.

olympe, n.m., Olympus.

olympiade, n.f., Olympiad.

olympien (-pi-in), -ne (-pi-è-n), adj., Olympian.

olympique, adj., Olympic.

ombelle, n.f., (bot.) umbel, cluster of blossoms.

ombellé, -e (on-bèl-lé), adj., (bot.) umbellar, umbellated, umbellate.

ombellifère (-bèl-li-), n.f. and adj., (bot.) umbelliferous plant; umbelliferous.

ombellule (on-bèl-lul), n.f., (bot.) umbellet, umbellule.

ombilic, n.m., (anat.) umbilic, umbilicus, navel; (bot.) hilum, umbilicus.

ombilical, -e, adj., umbilic, umbilical. Cordon —; umbilical cord, navel.

ombiliqué, -e, adj., (bot.) umbilicate, umbilicated.

ombrage, n.m., shade, umbrage, suspicion, distrust. Faire —; to overshadow. Les —s verts; shade of green foliage. Donner de l’— à; to give umbrage to. Tout lui porte —; he takes umbrage at everything.

ombrager, v.a., to shade; to cover; to hide, to conceal.

ombrageu-x, -se, adj., skittish (of horses); suspicious, distrustful.

ombre, n.f., shade; shadow; spirit; background; gloom; pretense. S’endormir à l’— d’un arbre; to sleep under the shade of a tree. Se mettre à l’—; to get into the shade. L’— suit le corps; the shadow follows the body. Couvrir d’—; to shade. Les —s de la nuit; the shades of night. Avoir peur de son —; to be afraid of one’s own shadow. Faire — à quelqu’un; to eclipse any one, to throw any one into the shade, to give umbrage to any one. Mettre à l’—; to put into the shade; to shade; (pop.) to give his quietus to any one. —s chinoises; dissolving views. Couvert d’—; shady.

ombre, n.m., (ich.) umbra; ombre (card game). — de rivière; red charr, grayling.

terre d’ombre, n.f., black-ochre, umber.

ombré, -e, part., tinted, shaded.

ombrelle, n.f., parasol.

ombrer, v.a., (drawing, paint.) to tint, to shade.

ombreu-x, -se, adj., shady, cool.

ombromètre, n.m., ombrometer, rain-gauge.

oméga, n.m., omega.

omelette (o-mlèt), n.f., omelet.

omettre, v.a., to omit, to leave out, to pass over, to leave undone.

omission, n.f., omission. Sauf erreur ou —; errors excepted.

omnibus, n.m., omnibus; (pers.) general servant, maid of all work.

omnipotence, n.f., omnipotence.

omnipotent, adj., omnipotent.

omniprésence, n.f., omnipresence, ubiquity.

omniprésent, -e, adj., ubiquitous, omnipresent.

omniscience, n.f., omniscience.

omnium (-om), n.m., (fin.) omnium; (turf) consolation stakes.

omnivore, adj., omnivorous.

omoplate, n.f., omoplate, scapula, shoulder-blade.

omphalode, n.m., (bot.) omphalode.

on, pron., one, they, we, you, people, men, it, somebody. — croirait; one would think. — dit; they say; it is said. — s’imagine; people think. — croit; it is thought. — me la dit; I was told so. Que dira-t-on? what will people say? Se moquer du qu’en dira-t-on; not to care what people say. Croire sur un — dit, sur des — dit; to believe upon hearsay. Si l’on me croit; if I am believed.

onagre, n.m., (mam., antiq.) onager; (bot.) œnothera.

onanisme, n.m., onanism.

☉onc, onques, adv., never.

once, n.f., (weight) ounce; (mam.) ounce.

oncial, n.m., (l.u.). V. onciale.

onciale, n. and adj. f., uncial.

oncle, n.m., uncle; (pop.) money-lender, usurer. — à la mode de Bretagne; father or mother’s cousin german.

onction, n.f., unction; anointing; grace, impressiveness. L’extrême —; (c.rel.) extreme unction, last sacrament.

onctueusement (-eûz-mān), adv., impressively, unctuously.

onctueu-x, -se, adj., unctuous, oily; impressive, moving. Une terre —se; fat earth. Un sermon —; an impressive or moving sermon.

onctuosité, n.f., unctuousness, oiliness.

onde, n.f., wave, billow, surge; watering. L’— amère; the briny main. Passer l’— noire; to cross the Stygian lake. Les —s d’un bois veiné; the waves of a piece of veined wood.

ondé, -e, adj., undulated, watered, curled, grained.

ondée, n.f., shower. Une forte —; a sharp, tremendous shower; a downpour.

ondin, n.m., -e, n.f., water-sprite, Undine.

ondoiement (-doa-mān), n.m., undulation, swaying motion, private baptism.

ondoyant, -e, adj., undulating, waving, flowing. Fumée —e; waving smoke. Vagues —es; waving, surging, swaying billows.

ondoyer, v.n., to undulate, to rise in billows, to wave; to surge.

ondoyer, v.a., to baptize privately.

ondulant, adj., undulating, waving, flowing.

ondulation, n.f., undulation; waving.

ondulatoire, adj., undulatory.

ondulé, adj., undulate, undulated.

onduler, v.n., to undulate, to wave, to curl.

onduleu-x, -se, adj., undulating, flowing, waving.

onéraire, adj., (jur.) acting, accountable.

onéreu-x, -se, adj., burdensome, onerous, heavy.

ongle, n.m., nail (of fingers, claws); claw; hoof. Couper, ronger, ses —s; to cut, to gnaw, one’s nails. Coup d’—s; scratch. Jusqu’au bout des —s; to one’s fingers’ ends or tips; every inch. Rogner les —s à quelqu’un; to clip any one’s wings. Sur l’—; perfectly. Avoir bec et —s; to be armed; to defend one’s self tooth and nail.

onglée, n.f., numbness of the fingers (from cold).

onglet, n.m., finger-case; (bot.) aiglet; (engr.) graver; (print.) single leaf cancel. Assemblage à —; miter (joinery).

onglette, n.f., (engr.) flat graver.

onglon, n.m., hoof (of ruminants); nail (of tortoises).

onguent (on-gan), n.m., ointment, salve. Dans les petites boîtes, les bons —s; small parcels hold fine wares.

onguiculé, -e (-gu-i-), adj., unguiculate, unguiculated.

onguiforme (-gu-i-) adj., unguiform.

ongulé, -e, adj., hoofed, ungulate.

onirocritie (-cri-ci) or onirocritique, n.f., interpretation of dreams, oneiroscopy.

oniromance or oniromancie, n.f., oneiromancy.

onocrotale, n.m., (orni.) pelican.

onomatopée, n.f., (gram.) onomatopœia.

ontologie, n.f., ontology.

ontologique, adj., ontological.

ontologiste, n.m., ontologist.

onyx (o-niks), n.m. and adj., onyx.

onzaine, n.f., about eleven, eleven or so; an eleven (at cricket).

onze, n.m. and adj., eleven, eleventh. [Onze, onzième, onzaine, do not admit of being preceded by l’, say, therefore, le onze, du onze, au onzième, la onzaine]. Le — du mois; the eleventh of the month.

onzième, n.m. and adj., eleventh.

onzième, n.f., (mus.) eleventh.

onzièmement (on-zièm-mān), adv., eleventhly, in the eleventh place.

oolithe, n.m., oolite.

oolithique, adj., oolitic.

opacité, n.f., opaqueness, opacity, darkness.

opale, n.f., opal.

opalescence, n.f., opalescence.

opalin, -e, adj., opaline.

s’opaliser, v.r., to opalize, to become opalized.

opaque, adj., opaque.

opéra, n.m., opera, opera-house. C’est un vrai —; it is a perfect imbroglio.

opérant, -e, adj., operating.

opérat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., operator; mountebank, quack.

opérati-f, -ve, operative.

opération, n.f., operation, working, performance; (fin.) transaction. Subir une —; to undergo an operation. Terminer une —; to close a transaction.

opératoire, adj., operative. Médecine —; surgery.

operculaire, adj., (bot.) operculate, operculated.

opercule, n.m., operculum, cover.

operculé, -e, adj., opercular, operculated.

opérer, v.a., to operate, to effect, to bring about, to perform, to work, to act; to manage, to contrive. Se faire —; to undergo an operation.

opérer, v.n., to work, to operate.

s’opérer, v.r., to take place, to come about, to be brought about.

opérette, n.f., operetta.

opes, n.m.pl., (arch.) opes; (mas.) scaffold-holes, putlog holes.

ophicléide, n.m., ophicleide.

ophidien, -ne (-di-in, -è-n), adj., ophidian.

ophidiens (-di-in), n.m.pl., ophidians.

ophioglosse, n.m., (bot.) ophioglossum. V. langue-de-serpent.

ophiologie, n.f., ophiology.

ophiologiste, n.m., ophiologist.

ophite, n.m., (min.) ophite.

ophtalmie, n.f., ophthalmia, ophthalmy.

ophtalmique, adj., ophthalmic.

ophtalmographie, n.f., ophthalmography.

ophtalmologie, n.f., ophthalmology.

ophtalmoscope, n.m., ophthalmoscope.

opiacé, -e, adj., (med.) containing opium.

opiat, n.m., opiate.

opilati-f, -ve, adj., (med.) obstruent.

opilation, n.f., (med.) obstruction.

opiler, v.a., (med.) to obstruct.

opimes, adj.f.pl., opima. Dépouilles —; opima spolia.

opinant, n.m., speaker, adviser, voter. adj., speaking, advising.

opiner, v.n., to opine, to speak, to give one’s opinion, to be of opinion; to advise, to conclude. Les juges opinèrent à la mort; the judges decided for death. — du bonnet; to vote blindly; to concur entirely; to nod assent.

opineur, n.m., opiner.

opiniâtre, adj., stubborn, obstinate, headstrong, self-willed. Le combat fut —; the fight was a stubborn one. Un mal —; an obstinate, unyielding disease.

opiniâtre, n.m.f., stubborn person. Je hais les —s; I hate stubborn people.

opiniâtrément, adv., obstinately, stubbornly.

☉opiniâtrer, v.a., to contradict, to tease; to maintain a thing obstinately, to render obstinate.

s’opiniâtrer, v.r., to be obstinate; to insist upon doing. Ils s’y sont opiniâtrés; they obstinately persisted in it.

opiniâtreté, n.f., obstinacy, stubbornness, self-will. Il suit son entreprise avec —; he pursues his scheme with pertinacity.

opinion, n.f., opinion, vote, public opinion. Chacun motiva son —; every one gave his reasons for his opinion. Les —s sont partagées; opinions are divided. Résumer les —s; to sum up the opinions. Aller aux —s; to put it to the vote. Recueillir les —s; to collect the votes. C’est une affaire d’—; it is a mere matter of opinion. Il a bonne — de lui-même; he has a great opinion of himself.

opisthodome, n.m., (antiq.) opisthodome.

opisthographe, adj., (paleography) written on both sides.

opium (o-piom), n.m., opium.

opobalsamum (-sa-mom), n.m., (pharm.) opobalsam, balm of Gilead.

opodeldoch, n.m., opodeldoc.

opossum (-som), n.m., (mam.) opossum.

opportun, -e, adj., opportune, convenient, seasonable, timely, well-timed, expedient.

opportunément, adv., opportunely, seasonably.

opportunité, n.f., opportuneness, seasonableness, expediency; opportunity.

opposable, adj., opposable.

opposant, -e, n. and adj., opponent, adversary; opposing, opposite, adverse.

opposé, -e, adj., opposite, contrary; facing; disinclined. Deux armées —es l’une à l’autre; two armies opposed one to the other.

opposé, n.m., opposite, reverse, contrary. Il est tout l’— de son père; he is quite the opposite of his father.

opposer, v.a., to oppose; to put in opposition; (jur.) to place opposite; to compare; to plead, to urge. — la force à la force; to oppose force to force.

s’opposer, v.r., to be opposed, to set one’s self against, to resist, to stem, to object, to combat, to stand in the way (of). S’— à quelque chose; to be opposed to anything. Vous vous y opposez; you stand in the way.

opposite, n.m., (l.u.) opposite, contrary, reverse. C’est tout l’— de l’autre; it is quite the reverse of the other. À l’—; over, against, opposite. À l’— du camp; opposite the camp.

opposition, n.f., opposition, resistance; contrast, contradistinction; (jur.) attachment. Former — à la publication des bans; to forbid the bans. Le parti de l’—; the opposition (party). — d’humeur; difference of temper.

oppresser, v.a., to oppress, to depress, to deject. L’excès de nourriture oppresse l’estomac; excess of food oppresses the stomach. Le chagrin l’oppresse; grief depresses him.

oppresseur, n.m., oppressor. adj.m., oppressive.

oppressi-f, -ve, adj., oppressive.

oppression, n.f., oppression.

oppressivement (-siv-mān), adv., oppressively.

opprimant, -e, adj., oppressing.

opprimé, -e, part., oppressed.

opprimer, v.a., to oppress; to overwhelm, to crush. Malheur à ceux qui oppriment! woe to the oppressors!

opprobre, n.m., opprobrium, shame, disgrace, reproach. Être l’— de sa famille; to be the disgrace of one’s family.

optati-f, -ve, adj., optative.

optatif, n.m., (gram.) optative.

opter, v.n., to choose, to declare. Il faut qu’il opte entre ces deux emplois; he must choose between (for or against) those two occupations.

opticien (-si-in), n.m., optician.

optimé (-mé), adv., bravo, capital, very well, perfectly well.

optimisme, n.m., optimism.

optimiste, n.m.f. and adj., optimist; of optimists.

option, n.f., option, choice. Avoir l’—; to have the choice. Je vous en laisse l’—; I leave you the choice.

optique, adj., optic, optical. Le nerf —; the optic nerve. Illusion —; optical illusion.

optique, n.f., optics; perspective. Les illusions de l’—; the deceptions of optics. L’— du théâtre; stage illusion.

opulemment (-la-mān), adv., opulently.

opulence, n.f., opulence, wealth, affluence, riches. Nager dans l’—; to be possessed of great wealth; to be rolling in money.

opulent, -e, adj., opulent, wealthy, affluent.

opuntia (o-pon-sia), n.f., (bot.) opuntia, prickly pear.

opuscule, n.m., opuscule, pamphlet, tract.

or, n.m., gold; (her.) or. — affiné; refined gold. — moulu; ormolu. Paillettes d’—; gold spangles. Vaisselle d’—; gold plate. — monnayé; gold specie. — vierge; native gold. Acheter quelque chose au poids de l’—; to pay very dear for anything. Être tout cousu d’—; to be rolling in riches. C’est de l’— en barre; it is as good as ready money. Il dit or parle d’—; he talks admirably. Promettre des monts d’—; to promise all manner of things. Tout ce qui reluit n’est pas —; all is not gold that glitters. Le nombre d’—; (astron.) the golden number. L’âge d’—; the golden age. Des jours filés d’— et de soie; happy days, halcyon days.

or, conj., but, now; well; pray. — sus, commençons; now, let us begin. — çà; now, well now.

oracle, n.m., oracle. En —; like an oracle.

orage, n.m., storm, tempest, thunderstorm; (fig.) tumult, disorder, calamity. Nous aurons de l’—; we shall have a storm, or a thunderstorm. Un — mêlé d’éclairs et de tonnerre; a storm with thunder and lightning. Chercher un abri contre l’—; to seek shelter from the storm. Le temps est à l’—; the weather is stormy or thundery. Laisser passer l’—; to let the storm blow over. Les —s des passions; the tempests of the passions.

orageusement, adv., tempestuously, turbulently, boisterously.

orageu-x, -se, adj., stormy, tempestuous, thundery; agitated, restless. Une mer —se; a tempestuous sea. Saison —se; stormy season. Mener une vie —se; to lead an agitated life.

oraison, n.f., speech; oration; orison, prayer. Une — funèbre; a funeral oration. Faire une —; to say a prayer. L’— dominicale; the Lord’s prayer.

oral, n.m., vail (used by the pope, and formerly by women).

oral, -e, adj., oral, verbal, viva voce.

oralement (-al-mān), adv., orally; verbally.

orange, n.f., orange. — douce; sweet orange. Ecorce d’—; orange-peel. Rouelle d’—; slice of orange. Fleur d’—; orange flower.

orangé, -e, adj., orange-colored.

orangé, n.m., orange-color.

orangeade (-jad), n.f., orangeade.

orangeat (-ja), n.m., candied orange-peel.

oranger, n.m., orange-tree; orange-man.

orangère, n.f., orange-woman.

orangerie (o-ranj-rî), n.f., orange-house; orange-grove, orangery.

orangiste, n.m., orange-grower; orange-man.

orang-outang, n.m., orang-outang.

orateur, n.m., orator, speaker, spokesman. — éloquent, véhément; eloquent, vehement, orator.

oratoire, adj., oratorial, oratorical. Débit —; oratorical delivery. Art —; oratory, art of public speaking.

oratoire, n.m., private chapel; oratory; Oratory (religious order).

oratoirement (-toâr-mān), adv., oratorically.

oratorien (-in), n.m., Oratorian.

oratorio, n.m., (mus.) oratorio.

orbe, n.m., (astron.) orbit; orb. pl., folds, coils (of a serpent); (ich.) orbis, orb-fish.

orbe, adj., (surg.) contusing (of blows).

orbiculaire, adj., orbicular.

orbiculairement (-lèr-mān), adv., orbicularly.

orbiculé, -e, adj., (bot.) orbicular, orbiculate, orbiculated.

orbitaire, adj., (anat.) orbital.

orbite, n.f., (astron.) orbit; (anat.) orbit, socket. L’— de l’œil; the socket of the eye.

orcanète, n.f., (bot.) orchanet, alkanet, dyer’s-bugloss, dyer’s-gromwell.

orchestral (-kès-), adj., orchestral.

orchestration (-kès-), n.f., (mus.) scoring.

orchestre (-kès-) n.m., orchestra; band.

orchestrer (-kès-), v.a., (mus.) to score.

orchidées or orchide or orchie (-ki-), n.f.pl., (bot.) orchidaceæ, (bot.) orchid, orchis, fool-stone, bee-flower, gnat-flower.

ordalie, n.f., ordeal (old form of trial).

ordinaire, adj., ordinary, common, usual, customary. Le cours — de la nature; the usual course of nature. Le train — de la vie; the ordinary course of life.

ordinaire, n.m., ordinary; ordinary practice; daily fare; (milit.) mess, table, ordinary allowance (of wine). pl., menses. C’est un homme au-dessus de l’—; he is above the common run. À l’—; as usual. D’—, pour l’—; usually, ordinarily.

ordinairement (-nèr-mān), adv., ordinarily, usually, commonly.

ordinal, adj.m., ordinal.

ordinand, n.m., candidate for ordination.

ordinant, n.m., ordaining bishop.

ordination, n.f., ordination.

ordo, n.m., (—) ordo, church-service book; (book regulating the order of the daily service in the church).

ordon, n.m., timber-frame.

ordonnance, n.f., order, ordering, ordonnance, ordinance; disposition, arrangement, regulation; (milit.) orderly; (med.) prescription. Habits d’—; regimentals. Officier d’—; orderly officer. Par — de médecin; acting on a doctor’s orders; by order.

ordonnancement, n.m., written order of payment.

ordonnancer, v.a., (fin.) to order the payment of, to pass (in writing); to prescribe, to ordain; to charter.

ordonnateur, n.m., ordainer; orderer.

ordonnat-eur, -rice, adj., ordaining; ordering. n.m.f., orderer, ordainer.

ordonné, -e, part., ordered, prescribed; ordained. Charité bien —e commence par soi-même; charity begins at home.

ordonnée, n.f., (geom.) ordinate.

ordonner, v.a., to ordain, to order, to regulate; to direct, to command, to enjoin, (med.) to prescribe; to decree; to confer holy orders. Il est plus aisé d’— que d’exécuter; ordering and carrying out are two different things. Mon devoir me l’ordonne; my duty commands me to do it, enjoins it (upon me). Le médecin a ordonné la saignée; the physician has prescribed bleeding.

ordre, n.m., order, word, command, mandate, warrant, management; class; tribe. pl., holy orders. Maintenir l’—; to maintain order, peace. Traiter les choses par —; to treat things in their order. Marcher en — de bataille; to march in battle array. Il est le premier créancier en —; he stands first on the list of creditors. Cet homme n’a pas d’—; that man has no system. Cela n’est pas dans l’—; that is not in order, not right. Mot d’—; watchword, password. L’ancien — de choses; the old order of things. J’y mettrai —; I shall see to it. Un esprit du premier —; an intellect of the highest order. Du premier —; of the highest order. Donner ses —s; to give one’s orders. Un — par écrit; a written order. D’— et pour compte de; (com.) by order and on account of. Un billet à —; a bill to order. De quel — faites-vous cela? by whose order do you do that? Prendre les —s; to go into orders. Conférer les —s; to ordain. — de chevalerie; order of knighthood. Mettre à l’— du jour; (mil.) to mention in the general orders. En bon —; in good order. Rappeler à l’—; to call to order. Passer à l’— du jour; to pass to the order of the day. Jusqu’à nouvel —; until further orders.

ordure, n.f., filth, dirt, dust; excrement; dirty thing. pl., sweepings. Panier aux —s; dirt basket.

orduri-er, -ère, n. and adj., filthy blackguard; ribald; filthy.

oréade, n.f., (myth.) oread.

☉orée, n.f., border, skirt of a wood or forest.

*oreillard, -e, adj., (of horses) lop-eared.

*oreille, n.f., ear, hearing; tie (of shoes); fluke (of anchors); earth-board (of plows). pl., ears (of a bale); end-teeth (of combs); dog’s ears (of books). Le tympan de l’—; the drum of the ear. Se boucher les —s; to stop one’s ears. Avoir mal aux —s; to have an earache. Avoir un tintement d’—s; to have a tingling in one’s ears. Boucle d’—; ear-ring. Parler à l’— à quelqu’un, dire un mot à l’— à quelqu’un; to whisper a word to any one; to say a word in any one’s ear. Prêter l’— à; to lend an ear to; to listen; to give ear. Faire la sourde —; to turn a deaf ear. Echauffer les —s à quelqu’un; to provoke any one. Donner sur les —s à quelqu’un; to box any one’s ears. Avoir la puce à l’—; to be on the alert. Se faire tirer l’—; to require pressing. Il ne se fait guère tirer l’—; he does not need much pressing. Être endetté par-dessus les —; to be over head and ears in debt. Avoir les —s rebattues de quelque chose; to be tired of hearing a thing. Ventre affamé n’a point d’—s; a hungry belly has no ears. Avoir l’— basse; to look downcast, or chopfallen, crestfallen. Avoir les —s chastes; to be offended by any gross word. Il a bonne —; he has a quick ear. Il a l’— dure; he is hard of hearing. Il a de l’—; he has a delicate ear, or an ear for music. Cela lui entre par une — et sort par l’autre; that goes in at one ear and out at the other. Tirer l’— à quelqu’un; to pull any one’s ear. Dormir sur les deux —s; to sleep soundly; to make one’s mind quite easy. N’écouter que d’une —; to pay little heed to what is said. Venir corner à l’— de; to din (anything) into a person’s ears. Je n’entends pas de cette — là; I will not listen to that; I don’t see it in that light. Autant vous en pend à l’—; you may expect as much.

*oreiller, n.m., pillow. Une taie d’—; a pillow-case.

*oreillère, n.f., (ent.) earwig; (armor) ear-piece.

*oreillette, n.f., (anat.) auricle; (bot., conch., zoöl.) ear; small-ear. —s du cœur; (anat.) auricles of the heart; (of a cat) ear-lap.

*oreillon, n.m., part of a helmet covering the ear; small-ear, handle; (zoöl.) eminence of the ears of bats; (med.) mumps [in this sense, generally used in the plural]. pl., (of hides) parings.

orémus (-mus), n.m., (—) oremus, orison (prayer); (int.) let us pray!

oréographie, n.f. V. orographie.

ores or ors, adv., only used in d’— et déjà; from this moment.

orfèvre, n.m., goldsmith, silversmith. — bijoutier; goldsmith and jeweler. Vous êtes —, M. Josse; you are in the trade, my dear sir; that is a bit of special pleading; that’s not disinterested advice.

orfèvrerie, n.f., goldsmith’s art, silversmith’s trade; jewelry.

orfévri, -e, adj., wrought (by the goldsmith).

orfraie, n.f., sea-eagle, osprey.

orfroi, n.m., orphrey (fringe of gold).

organdi, n.m., book-muslin.

organe, n.m., organ; voice, medium, agency; mouthpiece, spokesman. L’— de la vue; the organ of sight. Cet acteur manque d’—; that actor has no voice.

organeau, n.m., (nav.) ring, anchor ring.

organique, n.f., (antiq.) instrumental music; mechanics, machines.

organique, adj., organic.

organisat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., organizer; organizing.

organisation, n.f., organization, formation, arrangement; constitution, nature, mind.

organisé, -e, part., organized. Une tête bien —e; a well-balanced mind.

organiser, v.a., to organize; to form; to draw up; to get up, to arrange.

s’organiser, v.r., to become organized; to get settled.

organisme, n.m., organism.

organiste, n.m., organist.

organsin, n.m., organzine (silk).

organsinage, n.m., organzining (silk-throwing).

organsiner, v.a., to organzine; to throw (silk).

orgasme, n.m., (med.) orgasm.

orge, n.f. [masculine with the adjectives mondé and perlé], barley. — mondé; hulled barley. — perlé; pearl barley. Faire ses —s; to feather one’s nest. Grossier comme du pain d’—; as uncivil as you like, or as they make them.

orgé, -e, adj., mixed with barley water.

orgeat (or-ja), n.m., orgeat (liquor).

orgelet or orgeolet, n.m., (med.) stye.

orgie (or-jî), n.f., orgy; frantic revel; drunken bout. pl., (antiq.) orgies.

orgue (org), n.m., orgues, n.f.pl., (mus.) organ; (fort.) orgues. Buffet d’—s; organ-case. — de Barbarie; barrel-organ. — portatif; street organ. Point d’—; organ point. — de mer; organ-pipe coral. Facteur d’—s; organ builder. Jeu d’—; organ stop. — expressif; harmonium.

*orgueil (or-gheu-), n.m., pride, arrogance; ostentation, boasting. Être enflé, bouffi, d’—; to be puffed up with pride.

orgueilleusement (or-gheu-ieûz-mān), adv., proudly, haughtily, ostentatiously.

orgueilleu-x, -se, n. and adj., proud, haughty person; proud, haughty.

orient, n.m., East, Orient, rising, rise; water (of pearls). Les peuples d’—; the Eastern nations. L’empire d’—; the Eastern Empire. Commerce d’—; the East India trade. Grand —; grand lodge (freemasonry).

oriental, -e, adj., Oriental, Eastern. Indes —es; India, East India. À l’—e; in Eastern fashion.

orientaliste, n.m., Orientalist.

orientation, n.f., finding the cardinal points; trimming (of sails).

orientaux, n.m.pl., Orientals; Eastern nations.

orienté, -e, part., (nav.) set (of sails). Bien —; having a good aspect. Mal —; in a bad aspect. Carte bien —e; map exactly drawn.

orientement (oriant-mān), n.m., (nav.) trim (of sails).

orienter, v.a., to set towards the East; to give the right aspect to; (nav.) to trim (sails). — un cadran; to set a quadrant.

s’orienter, v.r., to find out the East; to take one’s bearings; to ascertain one’s position; to see what one is about. Laissez-moi m’—; let me see where I am.

orifice, n.m., orifice, aperture, hole.

oriflamme, n.f., oriflamme.

origan, n.m., (bot.) origanum, marjoram.

originaire, adj., originally come from; native of; native; first; primitive. Il est — d’Italie; he is of Italian origin; he comes from Italy.

originairement (-nèr-mān), adv., originally, primitively.

original, -e, adj., original, first, primitive; eccentric, queer, odd, peculiar, quaint. Consulter l’édition —e; to consult the original edition. Le texte —; the original text. C’est un génie —; he is an original genius. Avoir un caractère —; to have an eccentric character.

original, n.m., original (not the copy); strange character; queer fellow; character, oddity; (mam.) elk. C’est un — sans copie; he is eccentricity itself or personified. Copié sur l’—; copied from the original.

originalement (-nal-mān), adv., originally, in an original manner; singularly, oddly.

originalité, n.f., originality; eccentricity; oddity, oddness, quaintness.

origine, n.f., origin, fountain, source; seat; spring; derivation; extraction. L’— d’un mot; the origin of a word. Il était de basse —; he was of mean extraction. Dans l’—; originally. Dès l’—; from the very beginning, from the very first. Avoir or tirer son — de; to originate in; to have one’s origin.

originel, -le, adj., original, primitive. Péché —; original sin.

originellement (-nèl-mān), adv., originally.

*original, n.m., elk. [In Canada.]

*orillard, -e. V. oreillard.

*orillon, n.m., (fort.) orillon; (of a plow) mold-board; (of a porringer) handle. pl., (med.) mumps (for which oreillons is also used).

orin, n.m., (nav.) buoy-rope (of an anchor).

orion, n.m., (astron.) Orion.

oripeau, n.m., orsedew; Dutch gold; tinsel; foil; faded finery, silver lace.

orle, n.m., (arch.) orle, orlet, orlo; (her.) orle.

orléans, n.m., light cloth for summer wear.

ormaie or ormoie, n.f., elm-grove.

orme, n.m., elm. — tilleul; wych-elm. Attendre sous l’—; to wait till doomsday.

ormeau, n.m., young elm.

*ormille, n.f., hedge of young elms.

ormin, n.m., (bot.) annual clary.

ormoie, n.f. V. ormaie.

orne, n.m., (bot.) ornus, flowering-ash.

orné, -e, part., adorned, ornamented, decked (with).

ornemaniste or ornementiste, n.m., (arch.) ornament-maker.

ornement, n.m., ornament, embellishment; (mus.) grace-note.

ornemental, adj., ornamental.

ornementation, n.f., ornamentation.

orner, v.a., to adorn, to ornament, to decorate, to grace, to bedeck, to embellish, to deck. Les vertus ornent l’âme; virtues embellish the soul. — son esprit; to adorn one’s mind.

ornière, n.f., rut (of a road); old track, beaten path. Il est retombé dans l’—; he has fallen back into the old track.

ornithogale, n.m., (bot.) ornithogalum, star-of-Bethlehem.

ornitholithe, n.m., ornitholite.

ornithologie, n.f., ornithology.

ornithologiste or ornithologue, n.m., ornithologist.

ornithomance or ornithomancie, n.f., ornithomancy.

ornithorynque, n.m., (zoöl.) ornithorhynchus, water-mole.

orobanche, n.f., (bot.) orobanche, broom-rape, strangleweed.

orobe, n.f., (bot.) orobus, bitter-vetch.

orographie, n.f., orography.

orologie, n.f., orology.

oronge, n.f., (bot.) orange-agaric. Fausse —; amanita muscaria, fly-agaric.

*orpailleur, n.m., gold-finder, gold-seeker.

orphelin, -e, n. and adj., orphan, orphaned.

orphelinat, n.m., orphan-asylum, orphanage.

orphéon, n.m., orpheon, choral society; choral-singing.

orphéoniste, n.m., choral singer.

orphie, n.f., garfish.

orphique, adj., Orphic.

orphique, n.m., votary of Orpheus.

orphiques, n.f.pl., (antiq.) orgies, feasts in honor of Bacchus.

orpiment, n.m., orpiment.

orpimenter, v.a., to color with orpiment.

orpin, n.m., (bot.) orpine; (min.) orpiment.

orque, n.m., (ich.) ork. V. épaulard.

ors, adv. V. ores.

*orseille, n.f., (bot.) orchela; dyer’s moss.

ort, adj. invariable, (com.) gross weight. Peser —; to weigh gross weight.

*orteil, n.m., toe; great toe. Se dresser sur ses —s; to stand on tip-toe.

orthodoxe, adj., orthodox.

orthodoxie, n.f., orthodoxy.

orthodromie, n.f., orthodromy.

orthoépie, n.f., orthoëpy.

orthogonal, -e, adj., orthogonal.

orthogonalement, adv., in a right angle.

orthogone, adj., (geom.) orthogonal.

orthographe, n.f., orthography, spelling. Faute d’—; mistake in spelling.

orthographie, n.f., (arch., bot., geom., persp.) orthography.

orthographier, v.a. and n., to spell.

orthographique, adj., orthographical, orthographic. Dessin —; orthographical drawing.

orthographiste, n.m., orthographer.

orthopédie, n.f., orthopædy.

orthopédique, adj., orthopædic.

orthopédiste, n.m., orthopædist.

orthopnée, n.f., orthopnœa.

orthoptère, n.m. and adj., orthopterous insect; orthopterous.

orthoptères, n.m.pl., orthoptera, orthopterans.

ortie (or-tî), n.f., nettle; (vet.) rowel. Jeter aux —s; to throw to the dogs, to cast off. Jeter son froc aux —s; to be unfrocked (of monks).

ortié, -e, adj., nettled. Fièvre —e; nettle-rash.

ortive, adj., (astron.) ortive.

ortolan, n.m., (orni.) ortolan.

orvale, n.f., (bot.) clary, orval.

orvet, n.m., (erpetology) slow-worm.

orviétan, n.m., orvietan, nostrum. Marchand d’—; quack-doctor.

oryctographie, n.f., oryctography.

oryctologie, n.f., oryctology.

oryctologiste or oryctologue, n.m., oryctologist.

os (ô), n.m., bone. L’— de la jambe; the shin-bone. — de l’épaule; shoulder-blade. — à ronger; bone to pick; sop; nut to crack. Jusqu’à la moelle des —; to the bones. Elle n’a que la peau et les —; she is nothing but skin and bones. Rompre les — à quelqu’un; to beat any one unmercifully. Ne pas faire de vieux —; not to live long. Être trempé, or percé, jusqu’aux —; to be wet through or to the skin.

oscillant, -e, adj., oscillating.

oscillation (-sil-la-), n.f., oscillation, vibration, swing.

oscillatoire (-sil-la-), adj., oscillatory.

osciller (os-sil-lé), v.n., to oscillate, to swing, to vibrate, to fluctuate, to waver. — entre deux opinions; to be undecided, to waver between two opinions.

oscitant, -e, adj., (med.) oscitant, gaping, yawning.

oscitation, n.f., oscitancy, gaping.

osculat-eur, -rice, adj., (geom.) osculatory.

osculation, n.f., (geom.) osculation.

osé, -e, adj., bold, daring; attempted, ventured.

*oseille, n.f., sorrel.

oser, v.a., to dare, to be so bold as, to venture. Vous n’osez rien; you won’t venture anything.

oser, v.n., to dare, to venture, to presume, to attempt. Je n’oserais, je n’ose; I dare not. Si j’ose le dire; if I may venture so to speak. Oserai-je le dire? can I venture to say it? Oseriez-vous le blâmer? would you dare to blame him?

oseraie (ô-zrê), n.f., osier-bed.

osier, n.m., osier, withy, wicker. Un panier d’—; a wicker-basket.

osmazôme, n.f., (chem.) osmazome.

osmium, n.m. (n.p.), (chem.) osmium.

osmonde, n.f., (bot.) osmund.

ossature, n.f., (anat.) osseous frame-work, skeleton.

osselet (o-slê), n.m., ossicle, small bone; knuckle-bone; (vet.) osselet.

ossements (os-mān), n.m.pl., bones (of dead bodies).

osseu-x, -se, adj., bony, osseous.

ossianique, adj., of Ossian.

ossification, n.f., ossification.

ossifier, v.a., to ossify.

s’ossifier, v.r., to become ossified.

ossu, -e, adj., large boned, bony.

ossuaire, n.m., ossuary, charnel-house.

ostéine, n.f., (chem.) osseine (substance extracted from bones).

ostensible, adj., ostensible, visible.

ostensiblement, adv., ostensibly, visibly.

ostensoir or ostensoire, n.m., (c.rel.) monstrance, remonstrance.

ostentat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., ostentatious person; ostentatious.

ostentation, n.f., ostentation, show, boast. Faire — de ses richesses; to parade one’s wealth.

ostéocolle, n.f., osteocolla, bone-glue.

ostéocope, adj., of the bones. Douleur —; osteocope.

ostéogénie, n.f., osteogeny.

ostéographie, n.f., osteography.

ostéolithe, n.m., petrified bone.

ostéologie, n.f., osteology.

ostéotomie, n.f., osteotomy.

ostracé, -e, adj., ostraceous.

ostraciser, v.a., to ostracize, to banish.

ostracisme, n.m., ostracism, banishment. Frapper d’—; to ostracize, to banish.

ostracite, n.f., (foss.) ostracite.

ostréiculteur, n.m., oyster-grower.

ostréiculture, n.f., oyster-culture.

ostrogot, n.m., Ostrogoth; barbarian, savage, fool.

otage, n.m., hostage, pledge. En —; as a hostage.

otalgie, n.f., otalgia, ear-ache.

ôté, prep., except, save, but, barring. — cela, je ferai tout; I’ll do everything but that.

ôter, v.a., to take away; to remove; to deprive; to take off, to deduct; to take out; to pull off; to set aside; to rid (of). Otez cette table de là; take that table away. Otez la nappe; take away the cloth. Je ne puis m’— cela de la tête; I can’t get that out of my head. — sa cravate, son manteau, son chapeau, ses souliers; to take off one’s neckcloth, cloak, hat, shoes. — son gilet; to pull off one’s waistcoat. — son chapeau à quelqu’un; to take off one’s hat to any one. On lui a ôté sa place; they have deprived him of his situation. Cette eau ôte les taches; that water removes stains.

s’ôter, v.r., to remove; to get away; to be moved, to be taken away, to take one’s self off; to stand out. Otez-vous de devant mes yeux; get out of my sight. Otez-vous du chemin; stand out of the way. Ote-toi de là que je m’y mette; make room for me.

ottoman, -e, n. and adj., Ottoman.

ottomane, n.f., ottoman (sofa).

ou, conj., or, either, else, or else. Mort — vif; either dead or alive.

où, adv., where, whither; at which; in which; to which; through which; when, that. — suis-je? where am I? — en suis-je? how do matters stand? — allez-vous? where are you going? D’—? whence? where ... from. D’— est-il? what countryman is he? D’— savez-vous cela? how do you know that? D’— vient que? how is it that? Par —? which way? L’état — il est; the condition in which he is. Le but — il tend; the end he has in view. — en êtes vous avec lui? upon what terms are you with him? Partout —; wherever. Le moment — je vous ai quitté; the moment when or just as I left you. — en êtes vous de votre travail? how far have you got with your work; what progress have you made?

☉*ouaille, n.f., sheep. pl., flock (of a pastor).

ouais! int., heyday! whish! dear me! bless my soul!

ouate, n.f., wadding, padding; cotton-wool. Doublé de —; wadded, lined with wadding.

ouater, v.a., to wad, to pad. Ouaté; velvety.

oubli, n.m., forgetfulness, neglect, oblivion; oversight, inadvertence, omission, slip; breach. Mettre en —; to forget. Ensevelir dans l’—; to bury in oblivion. Tomber dans l’—; to sink into oblivion, to fall into neglect.

oubliable, adj., liable to be forgotten; that deserves to be forgotten.

☉oubliance, n.f. V. oubli.

oublie, n.f., a kind of very thin pastry; wafer.

oublier, v.a., to forget, to be unmindful of; to omit, to leave out. — son devoir; to forget one’s duty. N’oubliez pas les pauvres; remember the poor. — une injure; to forget an injury. Oublions le passé; let bygones be bygones.

s’oublier, v.r., to forget one’s self; to neglect one’s affairs, to be forgotten. Les parvenus s’oublient facilement; upstarts easily forget themselves.

oubliettes, n.f.pl., oubliettes; (fig.) trap-dungeon. Mettre aux —; to consign to oblivion.

oublieur, n.m., muffin-man.

oublieu-x, -se, adj., forgetful, oblivious, unmindful.

ouest (ou-èst), n.m., West, westerly, western. Un vent d’—; a westerly wind. À l’—; westward, in a westerly direction; westerly (of the wind). Vents d’—; westerly winds. L’Ouest; (rail) the Great Western of France.

ouf! int., oh!

oui, adv., yes. —-da; yes, indeed, willingly. Il ne m’a répondu ni — ni non; he gave me no positive answer. Dire, parier, assurer que —; to say, to bet, to assure that it is so. Il a dit que — or il a dit —; he said yes.

oui, n.m., yes. Dire le grand —; to marry, to pronounce the fatal word “I will.” Le — et le non; yes and no. Pour un — et un non; for the least thing. Les — et les non; the ayes and noes.

ouï, -e, part., heard. J’ai — dire; I have heard say. J’ai — parler de; I have heard of.

ouï-dire, n.m., (—) hearsay.

ouïe, n.f., hearing. Avoir l’— bonne; to be quick of hearing.

ouïe, n.f., hole (of a violin, etc.). pl., gills (of fish).

*ouillage, n.m., ullage; filling up of a cask of wine.

ouiller, v.a., to fill up, to refresh, to add to, to replace in a cask the quantity which has disappeared by leakage, etc.

ouïr, v.a., to hear.

ouistiti, n.m., striated monkey.

ouragan, n.m., hurricane, tornado.

ourdir, v.a., to warp; to plot, to brew, to hatch, to concoct. — une toile; to warp a cloth. — une trahison; to plot a treacherous deed. — un complot; to hatch a plot.

ourdissage, n.m., warping.

ourdisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., warper.

ourdissoir, n.m., warp-beam.

ourdissure, n.f., warping.

ourler, v.a., to hem (needlework). — à jour; to hemstitch.

ourlet, n.m., hem.

ours (oors), n.m., bear. Un — mal léché; an unlicked cub, an ill-bred fellow. Il ne faut pas vendre la peau de l’— avant qu’on l’ait pris; you must not count your chickens before they are hatched. C’est un —; he is a bear. Chasse à l’—; bear-hunt.

ourse, n.f., she-bear; (astron.) Ursa. La grande —; Ursa Major, the Greater Bear. La petite —; Ursa Minor, the Lesser Bear.

oursin, n.m., sea-urchin.

ourson, n.m., bear’s cub.

ourvari, n.m. V. hourvari.

outarde, n.f., (orni.) bustard.

outardeau, n.m., (orni.) young bustard.

outil (oo-ti), n.m., tool, implement.

*outillage, n.m., stock of tools.

*outillé, -e, adj., furnished with tools.

*outiller, v.a., to furnish with tools.

outrage, n.m., outrage, gross insult, abuse; injury. Souffrir un —; to brook an outrage. Faire un — à; to commit an outrage upon.

outrageant, -e (-jān, -t), adj., outrageous; insulting, abusive.

outrager, v.a., to outrage, to insult, to shock, to offend. — la pudeur; to commit an outrage upon decency.

outrageusement (-jeûz-mān), adv., outrageously, insultingly.

outrageu-x, -se, adj., outrageous.

outrance, n.f., extreme; excess. À —; with a vengeance; to the death. À toute —; beyond measure.

outre, n.f., leather bottle.

outre, adv., further, beyond. Passer —; to go on, to take no notice of a thing, to pass over; (jur.) to proceed. D’— en —; through and through.

outre, prep., beyond; besides, in addition to, above. D’—-mer; from beyond the seas, across the channel. — cela; besides that.

outre que, conj., besides.

outré, -e, adj., exaggerated, far-fetched; incensed; strained, excessive, undue. Pensée —e; extravagant thought. Des louanges — es; excessive praise. Il est — en tout; he is far-fetched in everything.

outrecuidance, n.f., presumption; overweening conceit.

outrecuidant, -e, adj., overweening, presumptuous, conceited.

☉outrecuidé, -e, adj., presumptuous, overweening.

outrement, adv., (l.u.) excessively, beyond measure.

outremer, n.m., ultra-marine (color).

outrepasse, n.f., extra-cuttings (of wood).

outrepasser, v.a., to go beyond, to exceed, to transgress. — ses pouvoirs; to exceed one’s powers.

outrer, v.a. and n., to exaggerate, to overdo; ☉to overwhelm; to incense; to strain. — un cheval; to strain a horse. C’est un homme qui outre tout; he is a man who overdoes everything.

ouvert, -e, part., open, unfortified (of towns). À livre —; at sight. Parler à cœur —; to speak unreservedly, frankly. Chanter à livre —; to sing at sight. Compte —; (com.) running account. À bureau —; on presentation, on demand.

ouvertement, adv., openly, frankly.

ouverture, n.f., opening; aperture, chasm, gap, hole, chink; overture, beginning; orifice, means, way; width (of a door). L’— était assez large pour qu’il passât; the opening was wide enough to enable him to pass. Faire des —s de paix; to make overtures of peace. L’— était bien belle; the overture was very fine. L’— de la chasse; the opening of the shooting season. — d’esprit; quick-wittedness.

ouvrable, adj., working, workable. Jour —; working-day, week-day.

ouvrage, n.m., work, piece of work; performance, workmanship; job. — de brique; brick-work. Se mettre à l’—; to set to work. — à l’aiguille; needlework.

ouvragé, -e, adj., wrought, worked, figured.

ouvrager, v.a., to work, to figure.

ouvrant, -e, adj., opening. À jour —; at break of day, at daybreak.

ouvré, -e, adj., diapered; wrought.

ouvreau, n.m., side-hole (of furnaces).

ouvrer, v.a., to work; to diaper; to coin. — la monnaie; to coin money.

☉ouvrer, v.n., to work.

ouvreu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., opener. —se de loges; (thea.) box-keeper.

ouvrier, n.m., workman, artisan; mechanic, operative, journeyman. — à la journée; day-laborer. À l’œuvre on connaît l’—; the workman is known by his work. Mauvais — n’a jamais bons outils; a bad workman always blames his tools.

ouvri-er, -ère, adj., operative, working. Jour —; working-day. La classe —ère; the working-classes. Cheville —ère; pole-bolt (of a coach); (fig.) prime mover.

ouvrière, n.f., workwoman.

ouvrir (ouvrant, ouvert), v.a., to open, to unclose, to set open; to sharpen (the appetite); to broach (opinion); to subject to. — la terre; to dig open the earth. Cela ouvre l’appétit; that sharpens the appetite. — son cœur à quelqu’un; to unbosom one’s self to any one.

s’ouvrir, v.r., to open for one’s self, to disclose one’s self; to open one’s mind. S’— un passage or un chemin; to cut a way for one’s self (through). S’— à quelqu’un; to open one’s mind to any one.

ouvrir, v.n., to open, to expand, to spread.

ouvroir, n.m., workshop; work-room.

ovaire, n.m., (anat.) ovary; (bot.) ovary.

ovalaire, adj., (anat.) oval.

ovale, n.m. and adj., oval.

ovariotomie, n.f., (surg.) amputation of a diseased ovary.

ovation, n.f., ovation.

ove, n.m., (arch.) ovolo.

ové, -e, adj., ovate, ovated.

ovicule, n.m., small ovolo.

oviducte, n.m., (anat.) oviduct.

ovine, adj., ovine.

ovipare, n.m. and adj., oviparous animal; oviparous.

ovoïde, adj., ovoid.

ovule, n.m., (physiology) ovule, ovulum.

oxalate, n.m., (chem.) oxalate.

oxalide, n.f., (bot.) oxalis.

oxalique, adj., oxalic.

oxycrat, n.m., oxycrate (beverage).

oxydabilité, n.f., oxidability.

oxydable, adj., oxidable.

oxydation, n.f., oxidation.

oxyde, n.m., (chem.) oxide.

oxyder, v.a., (chem.) to oxidate.

s’oxyder, v.r., to be, to become oxidized.

oxygénable, adj., (chem.) oxygenizable.

oxygénation, n.f., (chem.) oxygenation.

oxygène, n.m., (chem.) oxygen.

oxygéner, v.a., (chem.) to oxygenate.

oxygone, adj., (geom.) oxygonal, oxygonial.

oxymel, n.m., oxymel.

oxyrrhodin, n.m., (pharm.) oxyrrhodine.

oyant, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) auditor, hearer.

ozène, n.f., ozæna.

ozone, n.m., (chem.) ozone.

ozonisation, n.f., ozonization.

ozonomètre, n.m., ozonometer.

P

p, n.m., the sixteenth letter of the alphabet, p.

p. (initial letter of Père), father (priest).

p. (initial letter of Pour), (com.) per.

paca, n.m., kind of guinea-pig.

pacage, n.m., pasture-land.

pacager, v.n., (jur.) to pasture.

in pace, n.m. V. in pace.

pacha, n.m. (—s), pacha, bashaw.

pachalik (pa-ka-lik), n.m. (—s), pachalic.

pachyderme, n.m. and adj., pachyderm; pachydermatous.

pacificat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., pacificator, pacifier; pacifying, peace-maker.

pacification, n.f., pacification, peace-making, appeasement; adjustment.

pacifier, v.a., to pacify, to appease; to still, to calm. Se —; to become, or to be, pacified.

pacifique, adj., pacific, peaceable, peaceful.

pacifiquement (-fik-mān), adv., peacefully, peaceably, quietly.

pacotille, n.f., (com.) venture, pack, bale, trumpery wares; quantity, stock; seaman’s venture. Marchandises de —; slops; slop-made, ready-made, cheap, goods; salework.

pacotiller, v.n., to traffic in, or take out, small ventures.

pacotilleur, n.m., small sea-trader.

pacte, n.m., compact, contract, pact, agreement.

pactiser, v.n., to covenant, to make a compact with, to compound (with).

pactole, n.m., Pactolus; (fig.) a source of great wealth.

padischa, n.m., (—s) the Sultan of Turkey.

padou, n.m., ferret, narrow tape.

padouane, n.f., Paduan coin (imitation of an ancient medal).

paf, int., slap! bang!

se paffer, v.r., (pop.) to booze, to get drunk.

pæan (pé-an), n.m., pæan.