A GENERAL FRENCH-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (continued 33)

témoin, n.m., witness, evidence; testimony; proof; mark; second (in duels). — auriculaire; ear-witness. — à charge; witness for the prosecution. — à décharge; witness for the defense. — oculaire; eye-witness. Prendre à —; to call to witness.

tempe, n.f., (anat.) temple.

tempérament, n.m., constitution, temperament; temper; medium, middle-course, compromise; (com.) tally-trade. Un — ruiné; a broken constitution.

tempérance, n.f., temperance, sobriety.

tempérant, -e, adj., temperate, sober; (med.) sedative.

tempérant, n.m., temperate man; (med.) sedative.

température, n.f., temperature.

tempéré, n.m., temperate; (rhet.) unadorned style.

tempéré, -e, adj., temperate, mild; mixed, limited (governments); (rhet.) tempered, unadorned.

tempérer, v.a., to temper, to allay, to mollify, to soothe, to assuage, to moderate, to regulate; to contain, to check.

se tempérer, v.r., to become tempered; to become temperate or mild (of the weather).

tempête, n.f., tempest, storm, gale.

tempêter, v.n., to storm, to bluster, to fume.

tempêtueu-x, -se, adj., tempestuous, boisterous, stormy.

temple, n.m., temple.

templier, n.m., templar, knight-templar.

temporaire, adj., temporary.

temporairement, adv., temporarily, for the time being.

temporal, -e, adj., (anat.) temporal.

☉temporalité, n.f., temporality.

temporel, -le, adj., temporal.

temporel, n.m., (ecc.) temporalities; (pol.) temporal power.

temporellement (-rèl-mān), adv., temporally.

temporisat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., procrastinator, temporizer; procrastinating, temporizing.

temporisation, n.f., temporizing, procrastination.

temporiser, v.n., to temporize, to delay, to procrastinate.

temporiseur, n.m., (l.u.). V. temporisateur.

temps (tān), n.m., time, while, period, term; leisure; season; weather; (gram.) tense; (mus.) time-stroke. Passer son — à étudier; to spend one’s time in study. Il a fait son —; he has had his day, he has served his time. Du — d’Auguste; in the time of Augustus. — moyen; mean time. Dans le —; formerly, of yore. Avec le —; in time, in course of time. Grand —; high time. En un rien de — or en deux — et trois mouvements; in a trice, in a jiffy. En même —; at the same time. À —; in time. De — en —; from time to time, now and then. De tout —; at all times. À quelque — de là; some time after. S’accommoder au —; to comply with the times. Le — perdu ne se retrouve point; lost time is never found again. Réparer le — perdu; to make up for lost time. Se donner du bon —; to take it easy; to enjoy one’s self. Prendre le — comme il vient; to take things easily. Du — que Berthe filait; when Adam delved and Eve spun or when the world was young. Par le — qui court; nowadays, as times go. Autres — autres mœurs; manners change with the times. En — et lieu; in proper time and place. Prendre bien son —; to choose one’s time well. Quel — fait-il? what sort of weather is it? Il fait beau —; it is fine weather. Gros —; (nav.) stormy weather. Mauvais —; bad weather. — fait; settled weather. Par le — qu’il fait; in such weather (i.e. as we are having).

tenable, adj., tenable; habitable.

tenace, adj., tenacious, adhesive, sticky; niggardly, stingy; retentive (of the memory).

ténacité, n.f., tenacity, tenaciousness, adhesiveness; retentiveness (of the memory); stinginess.

*tenaille, n.f., (fort.) tenaille. pl., pincers, nippers, pinchers, tongs.

*tenailler, v.a., to tear off, to hold tight, to squeeze; (fig.) to torture, to torment.

*tenaillon, n.m., (fort.) tenaillon.

tenance, n.f., (feudalism) tenancy.

tenanci-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., (feudalism) holder, occupier. Franc —; freeholder.

tenant, n.m., (at a tournament) challenger, champion; supporter; defender. Les —s et aboutissants; the adjacent lands, houses, etc.; (fig.) details, particulars, circumstances.

tenant, -e, adj., holding, having something of, seldom used but in the expression, Séance —e; before the meeting separates, during the sitting; there and then.

ténare, n.m., (poet.) Tænarus, hell.

tendance, n.f., tendency, leaning, inclination.

tendant, -e, adj., tending, aiming at.

tendelet (tan-dlè), n.m., (nav.) awning, canopy; (arch.) tilt.

tender (tin-dèr), n.m., (rail.) tender.

tendeu-r, -se, n.m.f., stretcher, hanger (of tapestry); spreader, layer, setter (of snares); coupling-iron.

tendineu-x, -se, adj., tendinous.

tendon, n.m., (anat.) tendon, sinew.

tendre, adj., tender, soft; delicate, sensitive, affecting, moving, fond, affectionate, loving; early, young, new (of bread). Du pain —; new bread. Avoir le cœur —; to be tender-hearted. Un métal —; a soft metal. Couleur —; delicate color.

tendre, n.m., (fam.) tenderness, affection, liking, inclination; love. Le pays de —; Love.

tendre, v.a., to bend, to stretch, to spread, to lay; to strain; to set; to hold out; to pitch (tents); to hang (tapestry). — un arc; to bend a bow. — une souricière; to set a mouse-trap. — un lit; to put up a bed. Il me tendit la main; he stretched out his hand to me. — la joue; to hold out the cheek. — les bras à quelqu’un; to hold out one’s arms to any one. — une tente; to pitch a tent. — la perche à; to help, to lend a helping hand to. Il vaut mieux — la main que le cou; it is better to beg than to steal. L’arc toujours tendu se gâte; all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

tendre, v.n., to lead to; to tend; to conduce; to hang tapestry, etc. Où tend ce chemin? where does that road lead to?

tendrement, adv., tenderly, dearly, affectionately.

tendresse, n.f., tenderness, love, fondness. pl., tender caresses.

tendret, -te, adj., rather tender.

tendreté, n.f., (l.u.) tenderness (of fruit, etc.).

tendron, n.m., shoot, tendril (of plants); gristle; (fam.) young lass.

tendu, -e, part. and adj., bent; tight, stiff; strained. Style —; stiff, affected, far-fetched, unnatural style. Situation —; a strained or delicate situation.

ténèbres, n.f.pl., darkness, night, gloom. Les — de l’ignorance; the night of ignorance.

ténébreusement (-eûz-mān), adv., darkly, gloomily; secretly.

ténébreu-x, -se, adj., dark, gloomy, obscure, overcast, melancholy; underhand.

tènement (tè-n-mān), n.m., (feudalism) tenement; block of houses.

ténesme, n.m., (med.) tenesmus.

tenettes, n.f.pl., (surg.) lithotomy forceps, extractor.

teneur, n.f., tenor, terms, text; purport; contents. Je n’en comprends pas la —; I don’t understand the purport of it.

teneur de livres, n.m., book-keeper.

tenez! int. V. tiens.

ténia, n.m., tænia, tape-worm.

tenir (tenant, tenu), v.a., to hold, to have hold of, to have; to contain; to possess; to believe, to regard, to maintain, to be possessed of, to occupy; to take up, to keep; to perform; to account, to look upon, to consider, to think, to detain. Vous tenez trop de place; you take up too much room. — maison; to keep house. — boutique; to keep a shop. — le lit; to keep one’s bed. — le large; (nav.) to go out into the open. — la mer; (nav.) to be seaworthy. — la campagne; (milit.) to have taken, or to hold, the field. — la tête droite; to hold up one’s head. — les yeux baissés; to keep one’s eyes down. Cela m’a tenu plus que je ne pensais; that detained me longer than I thought. Je tiens cela de bonne source; I have it on the best authority. Je le tiens pour honnête homme; I look upon him as an honest man. Voilà la conduite qu’il tient; such is the way in which he behaves. — sa parole; to keep one’s word. Cessez de — ce langage; cease to hold this language, cease to speak in such a manner. — table ouverte; to keep open house (com.). — les livres en partie double; to keep books by double entry. — la caisse; to be a cashier, to have charge of the cash. — registre de quelque chose; to keep an account of anything. Je tiendrai compte de cela; I shall take that into consideration. — quelqu’un à distance; to hold any one at a distance. — quelque chose dans la main; to hold anything in the hollow of one’s hand. Faire — des lettres à quelqu’un; to forward, or send, letters to any one. — lieu de; to be instead of, to stand in the place of. Il m’a tenu lieu de père; he has been like a father to me. — le loup par les oreilles; to be in a critical situation. — son homme; to have one’s man. — quelqu’un à quatre; to hold any one down by force.

se tenir, v.r., to hold, to hold on, to hold fast, to hold each other; to abide by; to cling, to adhere, to stick; to keep, to stay; to keep one’s self; to be; to stand, to lie; to remain; to be held; to sit; to think one’s self, to consider one’s self; to contain one’s self, to refrain. Je m’y tiens; I stand (at cards). S’en tenir à; to rely on, to adhere to, to rest content, to stick to. Je m’en tiens à votre avis; I stick to your advice. Se — mal à cheval; not to sit well on horseback. Tenez-vous en là; go no further in the matter; remain content. Se — en embuscade; to lie in ambush. Se — sur ses gardes; to stand upon one’s guard. Se le — pour dit; to take it for granted; not to forget it. Tenez-vous en repos; be, or keep, quiet. Se — à ne rien faire; to stand doing nothing. Se — les bras croisés; to sit with one’s arms crossed. Se — à genoux; to be, to remain, upon one’s knees. Se — debout; to stand up. Se — droit; to stand upright. Je me suis tenu à quatre pour ne pas rire; it was almost more than I could do not to laugh. Ne pas savoir à quoi s’en tenir; not to know what to believe. Savoir à quoi s’en —; to know how it is, how matters stand, or what to do.

tenir, v.n., to hold, to hold fast; to be contiguous; to hang; to adhere, to stick; to be held (of fairs, markets, assemblies); to take after; to be of the nature; to keep together, to remain; to withstand, to resist; (milit.) to hold out; to subsist; to be connected with; to be desirous; to proceed, to result. — bon; to hold out, to stick fast. Il tient à le faire; he is anxious to do it. Il ne tient pas à moi qu’elle ne vienne pas; it is not my fault that she does not come. Qu’à cela ne tienne; never mind, let not that be an objection. Il n’y a pas d’amitié qui tienne; friendship has nothing to do with the question. La vie ne tient qu’à un fil; life only hangs on a thread. S’il ne tient qu’à cela; if that is all. À quoi tient-il que? how is it that? À quoi cela tient-il? what is it owing to? Il tient de son père; he takes after his father. Ce clou ne tient pas; this nail does not hold. Je n’y tiens plus; I cannot stand it any longer. Je n’y tiens pas; I am not particular about it. En —; to be smitten. Il ne tient qu’à vous de; it only depends on you to, or only rests with you to. Tiens! c’est vous; hullo! well, I never! is that you? Tiens! tiens! indeed, you don’t say so. Il vaut mieux — que courir or un tiens vaut mieux que deux tu l’auras; (prov.) a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. Cela lui tient au cœur; he thinks of nothing else. — comme teigne; (pop.) to stick like wax.

tenon, n.m., tenon; bolt (of fire-arms); nut (of an anchor).

ténor, n.m., (—s) (mus.) tenor.

ténotomie, n.f., (surg.) tenotomy.

tensi-f, -ve, adj., tense.

tension, n.f., tension, intenseness. — d’esprit; intense application of mind.

tenson, n.f., (ancient poet.) tenson (love-plaint).

tentacule, n.m., (ent.) tentacle, feeler.

tentant, -e, adj., tempting.

tentat-eur, n.m., adj., -rice, n.f., tempter, temptress, tempting.

tentati-f, -ve, adj., tentative.

tentation, n.f., temptation.

tentative, n.f., attempt, trial, endeavor.

tente, n.f., tent, pavilion, (nav.) awning. Dresser une —; to pitch a tent.

tenté, adj., tempted, disposed, inclined.

tenter, v.a., to attempt, to try, to tempt.

se tenter, v.r., to be attempted or tried.

tenture, n.f., tapestry, hangings.

tenu, -e, part., held, kept; bound, obliged; reputed, considered. Je ne suis pas — à cela; I am not bound to that. À l’impossible nul n’est —; there’s no flying without wings.

ténu, -e, adj., tenuous, thin, spare.

tenue, n.f., holding (of assemblies); session; attitude (of a person); dress; deportment, carriage, bearing, address; appearance; steadiness (of troops); keeping (of books); (mus.) holding-note; (nav.) anchor-hold; holding (of the pen); steadiness (of a thing). Tout d’une —; contiguous (of lands). Grande —; (milit.) full dress. Petite —; (milit.) undress. — des livres; book-keeping.

ténuirostres, n.m.pl., (orni.) tenuirostres.

ténuité, n.f., tenuity, thinness, spareness.

tenure, n.f., tenure.

téorbe, n.m., (mus.) theorbo, archlute.

tépide, adj., (l.u.). V. tiède.

tépidité, n.f., (l.u.). V. tiédeur.

ter (tèr), adv., third; (mus.) three times; (of houses) B.

tératologie, n.f., (physiology) teratology.

tercer or terser (tèr-), v.a., to give a third dressing to.

tercet (tèr-sè), n.m., tiercet (poet.).

térébenthine, n.f., turpentine.

térébinthe, n.m., (bot.) turpentine-tree.

térébrant, adj., (med.) keen, lancinating pain; (mol.) terebrating.

térébrants, n.m.pl., (ent.) terebrantia.

térébration, n.f., terebration, boring.

tergiversation, n.f., tergiversation, shift, evasion, shuffling.

tergiverser, v.n., to tergiversate, to shift, to practise evasion, to shuffle.

terme (tèrm), n.m., term; termination; bound, end, limit, post; time; quarter’s-rent, quarter-day; boundary; word, expression. pl., state, condition, terms. Toucher au —; to draw near the term, the close. Payer son —; to pay one’s rent. Qui a — ne doit rien; no one is obliged to pay before a debt is due. Le — vaut l’argent; time is money. Ménager ses —s; to modify one’s expressions. À long —; (com.) of bills long-dated. À court —; short-dated. Avant —; prematurely, before one’s time.

termès, n.m. V. termite.

terminaison, n.f., termination, end, ending.

terminal, -e, adj., (bot.) terminal.

terminati-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) terminational.

terminer (tèr-), v.a., to terminate, to end, to bound, to limit, to put an end to, to conclude, to bring to a close, to settle.

se terminer, v.r., to end, to come to an end, to terminate, to be bounded; to conclude, to be brought to a conclusion, to be settled.

terminologie, n.f., terminology.

termite or termès, n.m., (ent.) white ant; termes. pl., termites.

ternaire (tèr-nèr), adj., tenary.

terne (tèr-n), adj., tarnished, dull, dim; wan, tame, spiritless.

terne (tèr-n), n.m., two threes (at dice); trey (in a lottery).

terné, -e (tèr-), adj., (bot.) ternate.

ternir, v.a., to tarnish, to dull; to deaden; to sully; to stain. — des couleurs; to deaden the colors. — sa gloire; to tarnish one’s glory.

se ternir, v.r., to tarnish, to grow dull, to be sullied; to fade (of colors).

ternissure, n.f., tarnishing, dullness, fading, blemish, stain.

terrage, n.m., claying (of sugar).

terrain, n.m., ground; soil, earth, land; ground-plot; piece of ground, field, course. Gagner du —; to gain ground. Tâter le —; (fig.) to feel one’s way. Être sur son —; to be in one’s element. Sur le —; on the field. Aller sur le —; to fight a duel. Céder le —; to yield, to give way. Disputer le —; to stand one’s ground, to dispute every inch of the ground. Le — des courses; the race course, the course. Ménager le —; (fig.) to act cautiously.

terral, n.m., (nav.) wind coming from land.

terraqué, -e (-ké), adj., terraqueous.

terrasse, n.f., terrace; flat roof, balcony, earthwork; (paint.) foreground.

terrassement (-ras-mān), n.m., earthwork, embankment, ballasting, banking.

terrasser, v.a., to fill in with earth-work; to embank; to throw on the ground; to fell, to throw down; to knock down; to confound, to dismay, to throw into consternation, to nonplus, to beat.

terrasseu-x, -se, adj., earthy (of marble).

terrassier, n.m., digger, excavator, navvy.

terre, n.f., earth, land, ground, soil, mold; dominion, territory, grounds, estate, property, homestead; world; land, shore. Cultiver la —; to till the ground. — ferme; dry-land, terra firma, main land, continent. Se coucher à —; to lie flat on the ground. Jeter un homme à —; to throw a man on the ground. Hautes —s; highlands. Basses —s; lowlands. — à foulon or — à dégraisser; fuller’s earth. — à potier; potter’s earth. Vaisselle de —; earthenware. Mettre pied à —; to alight. Mettre à —; to put down; (nav.) to land. Perdre —; to lose sight of land; to get out of one’s depth (in swimming). Aller à —; to be prosy, to grovel; (man.) to passage low; (nav.) to sail along the coast. — franche; vegetable mold. — sainte; consecrated ground; holy land. Pipe de, or en, —; clay pipe. — à porcelaine; china clay. — glaise; clay. Par —; on the ground, on the floor; by land. À —; on the ground, on the floor. Tomber par —, tomber à —; to fall down. Aller par —; to go by land. Qui — a, guerre a; much coin, much care. Mettre en —; to bury. Ventre à —; at full gallop. Vivre sur ses —s; to live on one’s property. Vivre de ses —s; to live on the income of one’s property. — à —, adj., commonplace; vulgar, low, prosy.

terreau, n.m., (gard.) vegetable mold; mold, compost.

terre d’ombre, n.f. V. ombre.

terre-mérite, n.f., (n.p.) turmeric (in powder).

terre-neuve, n.m., (—) Newfoundland dog.

terre-neuvier, n.m., (—-—s) (nav.) banker; Newfoundland fisherman, or (of a ship) trader; Newfoundland dog.

terre-noix, n.f., (—) (bot.), pig-nut, earth-nut, ground-nut.

terre-plein, n.m., (—-—s) (fort.) terre-plein; platform.

terrer, v.a., (gard.) to renew the mold of; to spread mold over; to burrow; to clay (sugar), to fuller’s earth (cloth, etc.).

se terrer, v.r., to earth one’s self, to burrow.

terrer, v.n., to burrow.

terrestre, adj., terrestrial, earthly.

terrette, n.f., ground-ivy.

terreur (tèr-reur), n.f., terror, trepidation, awe, dread. Temps de la —; (French hist.) Reign of Terror.

terreu-x, -se, adj., terreous, earthy; dirty; dull (of colors); cadaverous (of the countenance).

terrible (tèr-ribl), adj., terrible, dreadful, awful; unmanageable (of children).

terriblement (tèr-ri-), adv., terribly, dreadfully, awfully; with a vengeance.

terrien (tè-ri-in), n.m., -ne (tè-ri-èn), n.f., landholder.

terrier (tè-rié), n.m., terrier (hole); burrow, hole; terrier (dog). — griffin; Scotch terrier.

terrier (tè-rié), adj.m., only used in the expression, Papier —; court-roll, terrier.

terrifier (tèr-ri-), v.a., to terrify, to dismay.

terrine (tè-ri-n), n.f., earthen pan; dish. En —; potted.

terrinée (tè-ri-), n.f., panful.

terrir (tè-rir), v.n., to lay eggs in earth or sand (of the tortoise); (nav.) to approach land.

territoire (tè-ri-toar), n.m., territory; jurisdiction.

territorial, -e (tè-ri-), adj., territorial.

terroir (tè-roar), n.m., soil, ground. Goût de —; raciness (of style).

terroriser (tèr-ro-), v.a., to govern by terror, to terrorize.

terrorisme (tèr-ro-), n.m., terrorism.

terroriste (tèr-ro-), n.m., terrorist.

terser (tèr-), v.a. V. tercer.

tertiaire (tèr-siè-r), adj., (geol., med.) tertiary.

tertio (tèr-siô), adv., thirdly.

tertre (tèr-), n.m., hillock, rising ground, knoll, ridge, mound. — funéraire; grave; moldering heap (Gray).

tes (tè), possessive adj. pl., thy. V. ton.

tesson (tè-) or têt (tè), n.m., potsherd, fragment of broken glass.

test (tèst), n.m., (English hist.) test.

test (tèst) or têt (tè), n.m., (zöol.) shell.

testacé (tès-), n.m., shelled animal, testacean.

testacé, -e (tès-), adj., testaceous.

testament (tès-), n.m., Testament; testament, will, last will and testament. Ancien —; Old Testament. Nouveau —; New Testament.

testamentaire (tès-), adj., testamentary.

☉testat (tès-tat), adj., testate.

testat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., (tès-), testator, testatrix.

tester (tès-), v.n., to make one’s will. Mourir sans —; to die intestate.

testicule (tès-), n.m., testicle.

testif (tès-), n.m., camel’s hair.

testimonial, -e (tès-), adj., testifying, of testimony, by witness.

☉teston (tès-), n.m., (old coin) testoon.

☉testonner (tès-), v.a., to dress the hair.

têt (tè) or test (tèst), n.m., (chem., metal.) test, cupel, potsherd, broken glass, etc.

tétanique, adj., (med.) tetanic.

tétanos (-nos), n.m., (med.) tetanus; lock-jaw.

têtard, n.m., tadpole; pole-socket (of carriages); (ich.) bull-head, miller’s thumb.

tétasses (tè-), n.f.pl., (triv.) flabby hanging-down breasts.

tête, n.f., head, head-piece; brains, sense, judgment; presence of mind, self-possession; hair, head of hair; horns (of stags); front, head (of a bridge); top (of things); (milit.) van, vanguard; court-card (of playing cards); (bot.) capitulum; header (swimming). — à perruque; wig-block, barber’s block; (fig.) blockhead, old fogy. — de Méduse; Medusa’s head; (fig.) anything producing terror, anything horrible. Mal de —; headache. Signe de —; nod. La — en avant; head foremost. — ou pile; head or tails. — de colonne; foremost body. — de ligne; starting point, terminus, port of departure. Payer tant par —; to pay so much a head, a piece. Aller la — levée; to carry one’s head high. Donner — baissée contre; to run full butt at. Donner de la — contre un mur; to hit one’s head against a stone wall. Se monter la —; to get excited over anything. Avoir mauvaise — mais bon cœur; to be quick-tempered, but kind-hearted. Avoir la — fêlée; to be crack-brained. Avoir des affaires par-dessus la —; to be over head and ears in business, in work. Avoir de la —; to have presence of mind, to be resolute. Ce sont deux —s dans un bonnet; they are hand and glove together. Crier à tue —; to bawl out loud, to shout at the top of one’s voice. — baissée; headlong. — pelée, — chauve; bald head. Cela lui met martel en —; that worries him to death. La — me fend; my head is ready to split. La — me tourne; I feel giddy. En avoir pardessus la —; to be sick and tired of anything, to be over head and ears in. Avoir la — près du bonnet; to be passionate, hot-headed. La — lui a tourné; he has lost his senses. Il ne sait où donner de la —; he does not know which way to turn. Autant de —s, autant d’opinions; so many men, so many minds. Il y va de votre —; your life is at stake. Vous en répondrez sur votre —; your head will answer for it. Il est homme de —; he has a good head, he is a man of resource. Il a la — dure; he is dull of understanding. C’est une mauvaise —; he is an obstinate fellow. Avoir une chose en —; to have a thing in one’s head, to be bent upon a thing. Perdre la —; to lose one’s head, to lose one’s self-possession; to lose one’s wits. Agir de —; to act with prudence. Faire à sa —; to have one’s own way, to follow one’s own bent. Avoir la — chaude; to be hot-headed. Tenir — à quelqu’un; to cope with any one. Tourner la — à quelqu’un; to turn any one’s head, brain. De la — aux pieds; from head to foot; from top to toe. Faire un signe de —; to nod. — de mort; death’s head. En —; in one’s head; in front, ahead. — d’âne; (ich.) miller’s thumb, bull-head.

tête-à-tête, n.m., (—) tête-à-tête, private interview or conversation. En —; face to face, in private, by ourselves, etc.; (furniture) settee, ottoman.

têteau, n.m., end of a branch.

tête-bêche, adj., top against bottom.

tête-bleu! int., zounds!

tête-dieu! int., zounds!

teter (té-) or téter, v.a., to suck (milk).

teter (té-) or téter, v.n., to suck. Donner à — à; to give suck to, to suckle.

têtière (-ti-è-r), n.f., infant’s cap; antimacassar; head-stall (of a bridle).

tétin (té-), n.m., nipple, teat.

tétine (té-), n.f., (cook.) udder; dent (on a cuirass).

téton (té-), n.m., teat, breast (of a woman). Bouton du —; nipple.

tétonnière (té-), n.f., breast-band; (l.ex.) full-breasted woman.

tétra, a prefix from Gr. τετρα.

tétracorde, n.m., tetrachord.

tétradrachme, n.m. and f., (antiq.) tetradrachm.

tétradynamie, n.f., (bot.) tetradynamia.

tétraèdre, n.m., (geom.) tetrahedron.

tétragone, n.m. and adj., (geom.) tetragon; tetragonal.

tétralogie, n.f., (antiq.) tetralogy.

tétramètre, n.m., tetrameter.

tétrandrie, n.f., (bot.) tetrandria.

tétrapétalé, -e, adj., (bot.) tetrapetalous.

tétraphylle, adj., (bot.) tetraphyllous.

tétrarcat or tétrarchat, n.m., tetrarchate.

tétrarchie, n.f., tetrarchy.

tétrarque, n.m., tetrarch.

tétras (-trâs), n.m., (orni.) grouse, capercailzie.

tétrastyle, n.m., (arch.) tetrastyle.

tétrasyllabe, n.m., (gram.) tetrasyllable.

tette (têt), n.f., teat, dug (of animals).

tette-chèvre (tèt-), n.m., (—-—s) (orni.) goat-sucker, fern-owl.

têtu, -e, adj., headstrong, willful, stubborn, obstinate.

têtu, n.m., (tech.) granite hammer.

teutonique, adj., Teutonic.

texte (tèkst), n.m., text, theme, matter, subject, point; (jur.) purview; passage (of Scripture). Petit —; (print.) brevier. Gros —; (print.) two-line brevier. Revenir à son —; to return to the point. Restituer un —; to restore a text. Livre de —; text-book.

textile (tèks-til), n.m. and adj., textile material; textile.

textuaire (tèks-tu-è-r), n.m., text. adj., textuary.

textuel, -le (tèks-tu-èl), adj., textual, word for word.

textuellement (tèks-tu-èl-mān), adv., textually, word for word, verbatim.

texture (tèks-tur), n.f., weaving, texture; connection.

thalame, n.m., (bot.) thalamus.

thaler (-lèr), n.m., dollar (German coin).

thallium, n.m., (n.p.) (chem.) thallium.

thalweg, n.m., (—s) (geog.) thalweg; middle line of a river.

thane, n.m., thane (Saxon or Danish baron).

thapsie, n.f., (bot.) deadly carrot.

thaumaturge, n.m. and adj., thaumaturge; thaumaturgical.

thaumaturgie, n.f., thaumaturgy.

thé, n.m., tea; tea-party; (bot.) tea-tree. Boîte à —; tea-caddy, tea-canister. Cabaret à —, service à —; set of tea-things, tea-service.

théatin, n.m., theatine (monk or nun).

théâtral, -e, adj., theatrical.

théâtralement, adv., theatrically.

théâtre, n.m., theater, playhouse; stage; plays (collection); theater (scene, place of action); scene, field, seat. Monter sur le —; to appear upon the stage, to act, to tread the boards. Changement de —; change of scenery. Coup de —; unexpected event, striking event; (fam.) claptrap. — de la guerre; seat of war. — de Corneille; Corneille’s plays. Roi de —; mere shadow of a king. Accommoder un sujet au —; to adapt anything for the stage.

thébaïde, n.f., Egyptian desert; (fig.) a desert, lonely solitude.

thébain, n.m. and adj., Theban.

théière, n.f., tea-pot.

théiforme, adj., theiform (infusions).

théisme, n.m., theism.

théiste, n.m., theist.

theifuse, n.f., river-crab.

thème, n.m., topic, subject, theme; (mus.) theme; (astrol.) scheme; composition, exercise (in schools).

thémis, n.f., Themis, (poet. st.e.) justice.

théocratie (-ci), n.f., theocracy.

théocratique, adj., theocratic, theocratical.

théocratiquement (-tik-mān), adv., theocratically.

théodicée, n.f., theodicy.

théodolite, n.m., (math.) theodolite.

théodosien, adj., Theodosian.

théogonie, n.f., theogony.

théogonique, adj., relating to theogony.

théologal, n.m., lecturer on divinity.

théologal, -e, adj., theological, divine.

théologale, n.f., lectureship on divinity.

théologie, n.f., theology, divinity. Docteur en —; doctor of divinity.

théologien (-ji-in), n.m., theologian, divine.

théologique, adj., theological.

théologiquement (-jik-mān), adv., theologically.

théorbe, n.m. V. téorbe.

théorème, n.m., theorem.

théoricien (-sī-in), n.m., theorist.

théorie, n.f., theory; speculation. Faire des —s; to speculate, to theorize.

théorique, adj., theoretical.

théoriquement (-rik-mān), adv., theoretically.

théoriser, v.a., to theorize.

théoriste, n.m., theorist.

théosophe, n.m., theosophist.

théosophie, n.f., theosophy.

thérapeutes, n.m.pl., (religious order) Therapeutics.

thérapeutique, adj., therapeutical.

thérapeutique, n.f., (med.) therapeutics.

thériacal, -e, adj., (pharm.) theriac, theriacal.

thériaque, n.f., (pharm.) theriac.

thermal, -e (tèr-), adj., thermal. Eaux —es; hot mineral waters, hot springs.

thermes (tèrm), n.m.pl., thermal baths; (antiq.) thermæ.

thermidor (tèr-), n.m., Thermidor, eleventh month of the calendar of the first French republic, from July 19th to August 17th.

thermidorien, -ne (tèr-), n. and adj., Thermidorian.

thermo-manomètre (tèr-), n.m., (of steam-engines) thermometer-gauge.

thermomètre (tèr-), n.m., thermometer.

thermométrique (tèr-), adj., thermometric.

thermoscope (tèr-), n.m., (phys.) thermoscope.

thermostat (tèr-), n.m., (phys.) thermostat.

thésauriser, v.n., to treasure up, to hoard up, to heap up treasure.

thésauriseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., hoarder.

thèse, n.f., thesis, theme; disputation, argument, discussion; the printed sheet containing the thesis. Vous sortez de la —; you are wandering from the question. Soutenir — pour quel-qu’un; to side with any one, to stand up for any one. Il voulut soutenir sa —; he resolved to maintain his point. Cela change la —; that alters the matter. En — générale; as a rule.

thessalonicien, n.m. and adj., Thessalonian.

théurgie, n.f., theurgy.

théurgique, adj., theurgic, theurgical.

thibaude, n.f., hair-cloth, cow-hair cloth, coarse drugget.

thlaspi, n.m., (bot.) thlaspi.

thon, n.m., (ich.) tunny, tunny-fish.

thoracique or ☉thorachique, n.m. and adj., (med.) pectoral; thoracic. Canal —; thoracic duct.

thorax (-raks), n.m., (anat.) thorax, chest.

thridace, n.f., (pharm.) lactucarium, lettuce-opium.

thrombus (-bus), n.m., (surg.) thrombus.

thuia, n.m., (bot.) thuja, arbor vitæ.

thuriféraire, n.m., (c.rel.) censer-bearer.

thurifère, n.m., (bot.) thuriferous.

thuya, n.m. V. thuia.

thyade, n.f., (antiq.) Bacchante.

thym (tin), n.m., (bot.) thyme.

thymus, n.m., (—) (anat.) thymus.

thyroïde, adj., (anat.) thyroid.

thyrse, n.m., (antiq.) thyrsus; (bot.) thyrsus.

tiare (tiar), n.f., tiara.

tibia, n.m., (anat.) tibia, shin, shin-bone.

tibial, -e, adj., (anat.) tibial.

tibio-tarsien, -ne (-si-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) tibio-tarsal.

tic, n.m., knack, ugly knack, bad habit; (vet.) crib-biting; bad habits of cattle; (med.) tic. — douloureux; tic douloureux, facial neuralgia.

tic tac, n.m., ticktack; tick, ticking, click.

tiède, adj., lukewarm, tepid; mild, soft, cool; (fig.) indifferent.

tièdement (tièd-mān), adv., coldly, with indifference; lukewarmly.

tiédeur, n.f., lukewarmness, tepidity, tepidness; (fig.) coldness, indifference.

tiédir, v.n., to cool, to grow lukewarm, to become lukewarm; to grow cool, to become cool.

tien, -ne (ti-in, -è-n), pron., thine, yours.

tien, n.m., thine, thy own, yours, your own. Les —s; thy people, thy relations and friends.

tiens, n.m., only used in the expression Un — vaut mieux que deux tu l’auras; (prov.) a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

tiens! or tenez! int., expressing astonishment, or to call the attention of the hearer; look! look here! look there! hold! now then! there!

tierce (tièrs), n.f., third (of time); (mus.) third, tierce; tierce (at cards); (fenc.) tiers; (print.) press-revise. — majeure; (mus.) major third; tierce major (at cards). — mineure; (mus.) minor third.

tiercelet (tièr-slè), n.m., (hawking) tercel, tiercel, tiercelet, tarsel.

tiercement (tièrs-mān), n.m., (thea.) increase of a third (in prices); ☉(jur.) outbidding by one third a price offered.

tiercer (tièrsé), v.a. and n., (thea.) to raise prices one third; ☉(jur.) to outbid by one third a price offered; (agri.) to plow a third time. V. tercer.

tierceron (tièr-), n.m., (arch.) tierceron.

tierçon (tièr-), n.m., a measure, tierce (of a cask).

tier-s, -ce (tièr, tièrs), adj., third, of a third person, third party. Le — état; the people, the commons. Fièvre —ce; tertian ague. — porteur, — détenteur; third party or hand. — parti; third party.

tiers, n.m., third, third person; third part. Le — et le quart; everybody, all the world.

tiers-point, n.m., (—-—s) (arch.) tierce-point; (tech.) saw-file.

tige, n.f., trunk, stem, body; stalk, leg (of a boot); shank (of a candlestick); stock, head (of a family); shank (of an anchor); straw (of corn); tail (of a valve); (tech.) rod. — de communication; connecting rod. — graduée; index rod. Arbres à haute —; tall trees. Arbres à basse —; dwarf trees.

tigette, n.f., (arch.) honeysuckle ornament (at the springing of a volute).

*tignasse, n.f., (fam., pop.), mop, shock (of hair); old wig.

*tignon, n.m. V. chignon.

*tignonner, v.a., to curl the hair behind the head (of women).

*se tignonner, v.r., to seize each other by the hair (behind), to pull caps, to have a set-to.

tigre, n.m., (mam.) tiger; (ich.) square fish; (conch.) tiger-shell; groom; (ent.) tiger-beetle.

tigre, adj., spotted (like a tiger).

tigré, -e, adj., spotted, speckled.

tigrer, v.a., to spot, to speckle.

tigresse, n.f., (mam.) tigress.

tilbury, n.m., tilbury, gig, two-wheeled cart.

tiliacées, n.f.pl., (bot.) tiliaceæ.

*tillac, n.m., (nav.) deck, poop. Franc —; main deck. Faux —; orlop deck.

*tillage or teillage, n.m., (agri.) stripping, scutching (hemp).

*tille or teille, n.f., bast of the lime-tree; cabin, cuddy (of an undecked vessel); ax-hammer; hemp-harl.

*tiller or teiller, v.a., (agri.) to peel, to strip, to scutch (hemp).

*tilleul, n.m., (bot.) linden-tree, lime-tree.

*tilleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., or teilleu-r, -se, (agri.) stripper, scutcher (of hemp).

timbale, n.f., kettle-drum; (mus.) timbal; cup (of metal); battledore; (cook.) mold.

timbalier, n.m., kettle-drummer.

timbrage, n.m., stamping (of government paper).

timbre, n.m., bell, clock-bell; office-bell, call-bell; ring, sound (of a bell); thrill, tone, voice; stamp (on paper); (her.) helmet; (horl.) bell; (post-office) post-mark; head, brains. — de la voix; tone of the voice. — acquit, quittance; receipt-stamp. Droit de —; stamp duty. Sa voix a un — argentin; he has a silver-toned voice. Il a le — fêlé; he is crack-brained, cracked.

timbré, -e, part. adj., stamped. Papier —; stamped paper, summons, writ. Esprit, cerveau —; crack-brained person. Il est —; he is cracked.

timbre-poste, n.m., (—s-—) postage-stamp.

timbrer, v.a., to stamp (paper, parchment); (her.) to crest.

timbreur, n.m., stamper.

timide, adj., timid, bashful, timorous, shy.

timidement (-mid-mān), adv., timidly, bashfully; timorously; shyly.

timidité, n.f., timidity, timorousness, nervousness, shyness, bashfulness.

timon, n.m., pole (of a coach); beam (of a plow); (nav.) helm, tiller (of a rudder); (fig.) helm, direction, government; (tech.) draught-bar. Tenir le —; to be at the helm.

timonerie (-mo-n-rî), n.f., (nav.) steerage.

timonier, n.m., wheeler, wheel-horse; (nav.) steersman, helmsman.

timoré, -e, adj., timorous, fearful, scrupulous.

tin, n.m., (nav.) block of wood; (tech.) cask-stand.

tincal, n.m., (chem.) tincal.

tinctorial, -e, adj., tinctorial.

tine, n.f., tub, water-cask, firkin.

tinet, n.m., gambrel (of horses); bent stick (for suspending carcases).

tinette, n.f., half tub, kit, firkin (of butter).

tintamarre, n.m., hubbub, uproar, clatter, hurly-burly, din, racket.

tintement (tīnt-mān), n.m., ringing sound, tinkling; tingling; toll, tolling, jingling, jingle. — funèbre; funeral toll, knell. — d’oreilles; tingling, or ringing, in the ears.

tintenague (tīnt-nag), n.f. V. toutenague.

tinter, v.a., to toll, to ring, to ring for; (nav.) to put upon the stocks, to set on blocks, to prop, to support.

tinter, v.n., to toll, to ring; to tinkle, to jingle; to tingle. Les oreilles me tintent; my ears tingle.

tintin, n.m., jingling, tinkling (of bells, glasses).

tintouin, n.m., tingling (in one’s ear); noise, hubbub; anxiety, uneasiness, trouble. Avoir du —; to be upon thorns, to be in trouble.

tique, n.f., (ent.) tick. — ricin; wood-tick, dog-tick.

tiquer, v.n., (of horses) to be vicious.

tiqueté, -e (tik-té), adj., variegated, speckled, spotted.

tiqueture, n.f., spottedness, spots, speckles; variegation.

tiqueu-r, -se, adj., crib-biting (of horses). n.m., crib-biter.

tir, n.m., shooting, firing, fire; shooting-gallery, shooting-ground. — en écharpe; flank-fire, rifle-range, range. — à la cible; target-firing. Chasse au —; (hunt.) shooting. Justesse du —; trueness of the aim. Avoir un — infaillible; to have au unerring aim, to be a deadly shot.

tirade, n.f., tirade; (mus., thea.) tirade; passage (of prose or verse). Tout d’une —; all in one speech or breath, or at one stretch.

tirage, n.m., draught; towing (of boats); towing-path; drawing (of a lottery); (print.) working, working off, pulling, printing; winding-off (of silk); (fig.) difficulty, obstacle. — au sort; drawing lots, balloting. Le — d’une cheminée; the draught of a chimney.

*tiraillement, n.m., plucking, pulling, hauling about; twitching, twinge, pain; (fig.) anxiety; jarring, jar, disagreement. — d’estomac; pain in the stomach, griping.

*tirailler, v.a., to pull, to haul about, to tug, to twitch; to tease, to plague, to bother, to pester.

*se tirailler, v.r., to pull one another about.

*tirailler, v.n., to shoot wildly; to bang away; (milit.) to skirmish.

*tiraillerie, n.f., (milit.) desultory, wild, aimless firing.

*tirailleur, n.m., (milit.) sharpshooter; skirmisher.

tirant, n.m., string (of purses); boot-strap; cramp, cramp-iron; (carp.) collar; iron bar, bolt, holdfast; (cook.) white leather; string of parchment; brace (of a drum); ship’s gauge, ship’s draught. — d’eau; (nav.) gauge, sea-gauge, ship’s draught.

tirasse, n.f., (hunt.) draw-net.

tirasser, v.a. and n., (hunt.) to catch with a draw-net; to set a draw-net.

tire, n.f., tug, pull; quick jerk of the wing. Tout d’une —; at a stretch. Voleur à la —; pickpocket. Vol à la —; pocket-picking.

tiré, -e, adj., drawn.

tiré, n.m., (hunt.) shooting; (com.) drawee (of bills).

tire-balle, n.m., (—-—s) (surg.) bullet-forceps; (milit.) ramrod-screw.

tire-botte, n.m., (—-—s) boot-hook; boot-jack.

tire-bouchon, n.m., (—-—s) cork-screw; ringlet (of hair).

tire-bouchonné, -e, adj., (of hair) in ringlets.

tire-bourre, n.m., (—-—s) worm-screw (to unload a gun).

tire-bouton, n.m., (—-—s) button-hook.

tire-clou, n.m., (—-—s) nail-drawer; (tech.) claw-hammer; slater’s hammer.

à tire-d’aile, adv., with a quick jerk of the wings; at a single flight; with outstretched wings, darting through the air. Voler à —; to fly as fast as its wings can carry it; at full speed.

tire-étoupe, n.m., (—) (tech.) worm.

tire-feu, n.m., (artil.) lanyard.

tire-fond, n.m., (—) turrel elevator.

à tire-larigot, adv., only used in Boire à —; to drink hard, to drink like a fish.

*tire-ligne, n.m., (—-—s) drawing-pen.

tirelire, n.f., money-box.

☉tirelire, n.m., song, carol (of the lark).

☉tirelirer, v.n., to sing like a lark.

tire-moelle, n.m., (—) marrow-spoon.

tire-pied, n.m., (—-—s) shoemaker’s stirrup.

tire-plomb, n.m., (—) glazier’s vice.

tire-point or tire-pointe, n.m., (—) pricker (used in stitching).

tirer, v.a., to draw, to pull, to give a pull; to take, to take out, to pull out; to get, to extract, to collect; to fire, to shoot, to fire at, to shoot at; to trace, to delineate; to receive, to reap, to recover; to extricate, to free from; to relieve; to conclude, to infer, to deduce; to draw on, to put on, to draw up; to draw down; (print.) to work, to work off, to pull, to print, to pull off; to approach, to border, to verge (on); (nav.) to draw; to tighten (a rope); to tap (liquors); to stretch (linen); to cast (a nativity); to draw (a bill); to take out (a tooth); to let (blood). — en arrière; to pull back. — de l’eau; to draw water. — dedans; to pull in. — en haut; to pull up. — en bas; to pull down. — les oreilles à quelqu’un; to pull any one’s ears. — la langue; to put out one’s tongue. Faire — l’épée à quelqu’un; to make any one draw his sword. Se faire — l’oreille; to require (much) pressing. — ses bottes; to pull off one’s boots. — de l’argent de sa poche; to pull money out of one’s pocket. — pied ou aile d’une chose; to reap some benefit (from a thing) by hook or by crook. Il tire beaucoup de la cour; he gets a great deal by the court. — parti de; to make the best of, to turn to account. — satisfaction d’une injure; to obtain satisfaction for an injury. — vengeance; to be revenged. — vanité, or gloire, d’une chose; to glory in, to be proud of, to boast of, to take a pride in. — avantage d’une chose; to derive advantage from anything. — la racine carrée, la racine cubique d’un nombre; to extract the square, the cubic root of a number. — le suc des herbes; to extract the juice of herbs. — une conséquence; to draw an inference. — une corde; to tighten a cord. — quelqu’un à quatre chevaux; to draw and quarter any one, to tear any one to pieces. — ses chausses, — ses guêtres; (fam., pop.) to cut one’s sticks, to scamper off. — une vache; to milk a cow. — les rideaux; to open the curtains; to close, to pull the curtains to. — l’or; to wire-draw gold. — les cartes; to tell fortunes. — d’erreur; to undeceive. — une affaire en longueur; to protract, to delay, to put off anything. — une allée au cordeau; to make a walk in a straight line. — en cire; to reproduce in wax. — des estampes; to pull prints. — un fusil; to shoot a gun. — un coup de canon; to fire a gun. — des fusées; to let off rockets. — un oiseau; to shoot at a bird. — une estocade; (fenc.) to make a pass. — le diable par la queue; to lead a struggling existence. — les vers du nez à quelqu’un; to pump any one. Tirez le rideau, la farce est jouée; ring down the curtain, the play is over (Rabelais).

se tirer, v.r., to extricate one’s self; to get out to, to get through; to recover (from illness). Se — d’affaire sain et sauf; to escape safe and sound, to get off scot free. Se — d’un puits; to get out of any difficulty. Je me ferais — à quatre avant de parler; wild horses would not make me speak. Se — d’affaire; to get out of (a scrape, a difficulty). S’en —; to pull through, to manage it.

tirer, v.n., to draw; to go, to make for; to shoot; to tend, to border, to verge; to fire. — sur; to incline to, to border, to verge on. Cette pierre tire sur le vert; that stone is greenish. — à sa fin; to be closing in (of day); (fig.) to be on one’s last legs. Bon à —; order for press; ready for press, passed for press.

tire-racine, n.m., (—) stump-forceps (of a dentist).

tiret, n.m., slip of parchment; hyphen.

tiretaine (tir-tè-n), n.f., linsey-woolsey. V. breluche.

tire-tête, n.m., (—-—s) craniotomy forceps.

tireu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., one who draws, drawer; marksman, shot (pers.); rifleman, sharpshooter; drawer (of a bill of exchange). — d’or; gold wire-drawer. ☉— d’armes; fencing-master. — se de cartes; fortune-teller. C’est un bon —; he is a good shot.

*tire-veille, n.f., (—) (nav.) ladder-rope; manrope. — de l’échelle hors le bord; manropes of the sides. — de cabestan; swifter.

tiroir, n.m., drawer (of a table, etc.); (milit.) middle rank; (tech.) slide, slide-box. Pièce à —; (thea.) comedy of episodes.

tironien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., (antiq.) Tironian. Abréviation —ne; Tironian note.

tisane, n.f., (med.) diet-drink, infusion, decoction (of herbs). — de champagne; light champagne (for invalids).

tisard, n.m., door (of an oven).

tiser, v.a., to stoke.

tison, n.m., brand, fire-brand.

tisonné, adj.m., only used in Gris —; (of horses) marked with black spots.

tisonner, v.n., to stir, or to poke, the fire.

tisonneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., person fond of poking the fire.

tisonnier, n.m., poker; blacksmith’s poker.

tissage, n.m., weaving, plaiting; texture.

tisser, v.a., to weave, to plait; to contrive.

tisserand (tis-rān), n.m., weaver.

tisseranderie (tis-ran-drî), n.f., weaver’s business.

tissu, -e, past part. (of ☉tistre), woven, spun, made up. Des jours —s d’or et de soie; happy, halcyon days.

tissu, n.m., texture, textile fabric, contexture; tissue. — de mensonges; tissue of lies. — d’argent; silver tissue. — d’or; golden tissue. — métallique; gauze wire, gauze wire-work. — réticulaire; (anat.) reticular body.

tissure, n.f., tissue, texture, web, weaving, contexture.

tissuterie, n.f., ribbon-weaving.

tissutier (-tié), n.m., weaver (of silk textures).

☉tistre, v.a., to weave.

titan, n.m., (myth.) Titan.

titane, n.m., or titanium (-om), n.m., (chem.) titanium.

titanique, titanesque, adj., titanic.

tithymale, n.m., (bot.) tithymal.

titi, n.m., gay apprentice, roystering blade; mummer (at carnivals).

titillant, -e (til-lān, -t), adj., titillating; tickling.

titillation (-til-la-), n.f., titillation, tickling; slight agitation.

titiller (-til-lé), v.n. and a., to titillate, to tickle.

titre, n.m., title, style, title-page; capacity, claim, reason, cause; respect, way, right; standard (of coin); (jur.) title, title-deed, deed, indenture. Faux —; false title; falsehood, sham; (print.) half-title. Donner un — à; to entitle to. À — de; by right of, in virtue of. À bon —, à juste —; deservedly, justly. À — gratuit; gratuitously. En —; at the head of, on the title or title page; chief, titular, acknowledged. À plus d’un —; for more reasons than one, on more grounds than one. Se donner le — de; to style one’s self.

titré, -e, adj., titled; conferring a title (of estates).

titrer, v.a., to give a title to.

titrier, n.m., forger of titles or deeds (l.u.); curator of deeds (in monasteries).

titubant, -e, adj., staggering.

titubation, n.f., titubation, reeling, staggering.

tituber, v.n., to stagger, to reel.

titulaire, n.m.f. and adj., titular, titulary, incumbent, head, chief.

toast or toste (tost), n.m., toast, health. Porter, donner, un —; to toast, to give or propose a toast.

toaster (tos-té), v.a. V. toster.

toc! int. and n.m., rap, knock (at a door); sham, or imitation, jewelry; paste; brummagem goods.

tocane, n.f., unpressed wine.

tocante, n.f., (pop.) ticker, watch.

tocsin, n.m., tocsin, alarm-bell; (fig.) hue and cry.

todier, n.m., (orni.) tody.

toge, n.f., (Rom. antiq.) toga, robe, gown.

tohu-bohu, n.m., (—) (from Hebrew) chaos; jumble, medley; (fig.) confusion, uproar, disorder, hurly-burly, hubbub.

toi, pron., thee, thyself, thou, you, yourself.

toile, n.f., cloth, linen cloth; (thea.) curtain; canvas (for painting); canvas, sail; (paint.) painting, picture, piece; web (of a spider). pl. (hunt.) toils. — à sac; sack-cloth. — écrue; brown holland. — ouvrée; huckaback. — d’emballage; pack-cloth. — grasse; tarpaulin. — vernie; oil-skin. — peinte; printed calico, print. — pour chemises; shirting. — pour draps de lit; sheeting. —s de sabords; port-sails. — de dunette; canvas-covering for the poop. — d’or; gold cloth. — cirée; oil-cloth. — d’araignée; cob-web. Blanchisseur de —s; bleacher. Marchand de —s; linendraper. — de Pénélope; Penelope’s web. La — est levée; (thea.) the curtain is up. La — tombe; (thea.) the curtain falls. Derrière la —; (thea.) behind the curtain.

toilerie (toal-rî), n.f., linen-cloth trade, linen drapery.

toilette, n.f., toilet; attire, dress; dressing-table, toilet-table, wash-stand; trimming (of horses). Revendeuse à la —; wardrobe purchaser (of left-off wearing apparel). Grande —; full dress. Cabinet de —; dressing-closet, dressing-room. Il, or elle, fait sa —; or il, or elle, est à sa —; he, or she, is dressing.

toili-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., dealer in linen; linen-cloth maker, cotton-cloth maker.

toise, n.f., toise (6·39459 feet); fathom. On ne mesure pas les hommes à la —; men ought not to be judged by their size. Mesurer les autres à sa —; to measure others by one’s own standard.

toisé, n.m., measuring; (math.) mensuration.

toiser, v.a., to measure; to survey, to examine; to eye from head to foot, to look down upon; to settle, to conclude. — un soldat; to take the height of a soldier. — quelqu’un; to look any one up and down, or to look down on any one. Cela est toisé; (pop.) that is done for.

toiseur, n.m., measurer, surveyor.

toison, n.f., fleece; (pop.) thick head of hair. — d’or; golden fleece. L’ordre de la — d’or; the Order of the Golden Fleece.

toit, n.m., roof, house-top; top (of a mine); dwelling, home. — à cochons; pig-sty. — à deux croupes; (arch.) compass roof, span roof. Dire, or crier, quelque chose sur les —s; to proclaim anything from the housetop. Habiter sous les —s; to live in a garret, or an attic. Commencer une maison par le —; (fig.) to begin at the wrong end.

toiture, n.f., roofing, roof.

tokai or tokay, n.m., Tokay wine.

tôle, n.f., sheet-iron; (metal.) plate-iron. — ondulée; corrugated iron.

tolérable, adj., tolerable, bearable, supportable; middling, passable.

tolérablement, adv., tolerably, supportably; passably, middlingly.

tolérance, n.f., tolerance, toleration, endurance, forbearance, indulgence; (jur.) sufferance; (coin.) deduction, allowance. Maison de —; house of ill-fame.

tolérant, -e, adj., tolerant.

tolérantisme, n.m., (theol.) system of toleration.

tolérer, v.a., to tolerate, to suffer, to allow, to endure, to bear, to allow of; to wink at. Je ne puis — cet homme; I cannot bear, endure, that man. Se —; to tolerate one’s self, to be tolerated.

tôlerie (tôl-rî), n.f., sheet-iron manufactory; (metal.) flatting-mills; sheet-iron goods.

tolet, n.m., (nav.) thole.

toletière (tol-tièr), n.f., (nav.) rowlock.

tôlier, n.m., work in sheet-iron; manufacturer of sheet-iron.

tollé, n.m., hue and cry. Crier — sur quelqu’un; to raise a hue and cry against any one.

tomahawk, n.m., tomahawk.

tomaison, n.f., numbering (into volumes); number (of a volume).

tomate, n.f., (bot.) tomato, love-apple.

tombac, n.m., (metal.) tombac.

tombal, -e, adj., (archæology) only used in Pierre —e; tomb-stone.

tombant, -e, adj., falling down, drooping, flowing.

tombe, n.f., tomb, grave, tombstone, headstone, gravestone. Descendre dans la —; to die, to sink into the grave. Être sur le bord de la —; to be on the brink of the grave.

tombeau, n.m., tomb, grave; tombstone; sepulcher, death. Mettre au —; to bring down to the grave or to bury.

tombée, n.f., fall (of day). À la — de la nuit; at nightfall. À la — du jour; at close of day.

tombelier, n.m., carter.

tomber, v.n., to fall, to fall down; to tumble, to tumble down; to drop, to drop down; to sink, to sink down; to break in, to come, to light, to hit on, to come across; to come down, to sink, to decay, to fall away, to dwindle, to droop, to come out; to abate, to die away; (nav.) to sag; to hang, to incline. — bien or mal; to be lucky or unlucky; to come seasonably or unseasonably; to come to the wrong or right person. Il est tombé de cheval; he fell off his horse. — à terre, — par terre; to fall down. Le brouillard tombe; the fog is falling. — malade; to fall ill. — de faiblesse; to drop down from weakness. — d’inanition; to be ready to faint for want of food. — du haut mal; to have the falling sickness. — raide mort; to fall down dead. Se laisser —; to get a fall. — en enfance; to become childish. — dans les bras de quelqu’un; to fall into any one’s arms. — sur une maison; to come across a house. — d’accord; to agree, to be at one with. — de son haut, — des nues; to be amazed, to be astounded. Les bras m’en tombèrent; I was struck dumb with surprise. Le sort est tombé sur lui; the lot has fallen upon him. Cela m’est tombé entre les mains; that fell into my hands. Le jour tombe; the day is closing in. Faire —; to throw, push, or knock, down; to trip up. Laisser —; to drop, to let fall. — dans l’eau; (fig.) to fall through, to come to nothing, to fall to the ground. — sous le vent; (nav.) to fall to leeward. — de fièvre en chaud mal, — de la poêle dans la braise; to jump out of the frying pan into the fire.

tombereau (ton-brô), n.m., (for the condemned) tumbril-cart; dust-cart; ballast-truck; sledge.

tombola, n.f., tombola, lottery, raffle.

tome, n.m., volume, tome.

tomenteu-x, -se, adj., (bot., zoöl., anat.) tomentous, tomentose, downy.

ton, m., ta, f., tes, pl.m.f., possessive adj., thy, your. — frère, ta sœur et tes cousins; thy brother, sister, and cousins. — âme; thy soul. [Ton is used for the f. before a vowel or silent h.]

ton, n.m., tone; tune; voice, accent; manner, strain, style, taste; manners, breeding; color, tint, tinge. — aigre; shrill tone. — doux; soft, sweet tone. Mauvais —; ill-breeding, ill-manners, vulgarity. De mauvais —; ill-bred, unmannerly, ungentlemanly, low, vulgar, improper. Donner le —; to give the tone, to lead the fashion; (mus.) to pitch, to tone. Parler d’un — fier; to speak haughtily. Parler d’un — de maître; to speak in a magisterial manner, to be very masterful. Le prendre sur un —; to assume airs. Le prendre sur un haut —; to speak with arrogance; to carry it high. Changer de —; to sing to another tune, to change one’s tone. Il donne le — à la conversation; he takes the lead in conversation. Donner le — à l’orchestre; to lead the orchestra. C’est le — qui fait la musique; it is the manner which shows the intention.

tonalité, n.f., (mus.) tonality.

tondaison, n.f. V. tonte.

tondeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., shearer, clipper. — de draps; shearman, clothworker.

tondeuse, n.f., shearing-machine. — de gazon; lawn-mower.

tondre, v.a. and n., to shear, to clip, to crop; to shave, to trim, to pare. — des brebis; to shear sheep. — du drap; to shear cloth. — une haie; to clip a hedge. — sur un œuf; to skin a flint.

tondu, -e, part., shorn. Il n’y avait que trois —s et un pelé; there was nothing but the ragtag and bobtail.

tonicité, n.f., (med.) tonicity.

tonique, adj., (med., mus., gram.) tonic.

tonique, n.m., (med.) tonic.

tonique, n.f., (mus.) tonic, key-note, key.

☉tonisme, n.m. V. tonicité.

tonlieu, n.m., market-toll (feudalism).

tonnage, n.m., tonnage. Droit de —; tonnage dues.

tonnant, -e, adj., thundering. Jupiter —; (myth.) Jupiter the thunderer, Jupiter tonans, thundering Jove.

tonne, n.f., tun (wooden vessel); (conch.) spotted tun; (nav.) can-buoy; ton (20 cwts.=1000 kil.).

tonneau, n.m., tun (wooden ship); cask; tun (measure); (nav.) ton (1000 kil.; 1 mètre cube). Enfoncer un —; to stave in a cask. Mettre un — en perce; to broach a cask. — percé; leaky cask; (fig.) spendthrift.

tonneler (to-n-lé), v.a., (hunt.) to tunnel.

tonnelet (to-n-lé), n.m., small cask, keg.

tonneleur (to-n-leur), n.m., (hunt.) tunneler (one who takes partridges with a tunnel-net).

tonnelier, n.m., cooper.

tonnelle, n.f., (hunt.) tunnel-net; arbor, green arbor, bower, alcove; (arch.) semicircular vault.

tonnellerie (to-nèl-rî), n.f., cooperage; cooper’s trade; (nav.) cooper’s shed.

tonner, v.n., to thunder; to inveigh (against); to exclaim. Il tonne; it thunders.

tonnerre, n.m., thunder, thunderbolt; thundering noise. Coup de —, éclat de —; clap of thunder, peal of thunder. —! int., by jingo! bedad! by Jove!

tonsille, n.f., (l.u.) (anat.) tonsil. V. amygdale.

tonsure, n.f., tonsure; orders, clergy.

tonsuré, adj., n.m., tonsured, shaven; priest.

tonsurer, v.a., to tonsure.

tonte, n.f., shearing, sheepshearing, fleecing, clipping; clippings, clip; shearing-time.

tontine, n.f., tontine.

tontini-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., sharer in, or annuitant of, a tontine.

tontisse, adj., of shearings of woolen cloth.

tontisse, n.f., hangings coated with the shearings of cloth. Papier-—; flock-paper.

tonton, n.m., (child) nuncle.

tonture, n.f., shearing (of leaves, grass); shearings, clippings, flock (of cloth); (nav.) sheer. — de drap; flock. — des ponts; sheer (of a ship’s decks).

topaze, n.f., topaz.

toper, v.n., to cover one’s adversary’s stake; to agree. Je tope à cela; I agree to that. Tope là! done! agreed! your hand upon it! Je tope et tingue; (at dice) I cover and I hold.

tophacé, -e, adj., (med.) gouty.

tophus (-fus), n.m., (med.) tophus.

topinambour, n.m., Jerusalem-artichoke.

topique, adj., (med.) topic, topical.

topique, n.m., (rhet., med.) topic.

topographe, n.m., topographer.

topographie, n.f., topography.

topographique, adj., topographical.

toquade, n.f., (fam., pop.) infatuation, mad fancy, fad.

toque, n.f., flat cap, bonnet; toque (plaited all round).

toqué, -e, adj., cracked, crazy, touched; infatuated, in love (with).

toquer, v.a., (l.u.) to offend; to hit, to strike, to knock; (pop.) to craze, to turn the brain of; to infatuate.

toquet, n.m., toquet, cap.

torche, n.f., torch, link; twist, pad; (paint.) rubber.

torche-cul, n.m., (—-—s) (fig.) worthless writing, trash.

torche-nez, n.m., (—) (man.) twitch.

torche-pinceau, n.m., rubber.

torche-pot, n.m., (—) (orni.) nut-hatch.

torcher, v.a., to wipe; to knock off, to botch; to beat, to drub.

se torcher, v.r., to be wiped; to wipe one’s self; (triv.) to fight.

torchère, n.f., torch, cresset, tall candelabrum.

torchis, n.m., mud, loam. Mur de —; mud-wall.

torchon, n.m., dish-cloth, dish-clout; house-cloth, duster.

torcol, torcou, n.m., (orni.) wry-neck.

tordage, n.m., twisting, twist.

tord-boyaux, n.m., rotgut, fiery brandy; rat’s bane.

tordeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., twister; throwster (of silk). f., wringing-machine.

tord-nez, n.f., (—) (man.) twitch (for horses).

tordre, v.a., to twist, to wring, to wring out; to contort, to disfigure; to throw (silk); to buckle (a wheel). — la bouche; to twist one’s mouth. Il ne fait que — et avaler; he gives but one twist, and down it goes.

se tordre, v.r., to twist; to writhe. Se — de rire; to be convulsed, to split one’s sides with laughter.

tore, n.m., (arch., bot.) torus, tore.

toréador, n.m., (—s) matador, toreador, bull-fighter.

torisme, n.m. V. torysme.

*tormentille, n.f., (bot.) tormentil, septfoil.

torminal, -e, adj., (med.) griping, torminal.

toron, n.m., (nav.) strand (of a rope); (arch.) torus.

torpeur, n.f., torpor, torpidity, torpidness.

*torpille, n.f., (ich.) torpedo, cramp-fish; (explosive) torpedo.

torpilleur, n.m., torpedo-boat.

torquer, v.a., to twist (tobacco).

☉torquet, n.m., (pop.) snare. Donner un —, donner le — à quelqu’un; to humbug any one, to take any one in. Donner dans le —; to fall into the snare, to be taken in.

torquette, n.f., wicker-basket (for fish); game-basket.

torréfaction (tor-ré-), n.f., torrefaction.

torréfier (tor-ré-), v.a., to torrefy.

torrent (tor-rān), n.m., torrent, stream; flood (of tears); flow (of words).

torrentueu-x, -se (tor-rān-), adj., torrent-like; impetuous.

torride (tor-rid), adj., torrid.

tors, -e, adj., twisted, wry, crooked; wreathed, contorted. Jambes —es; crooked legs. Bouche —e; wry mouth.

torsade, n.f., twisted fringe or cord; bullion (of epaulets).

torse, n.m., trunk, chest (of a person); (sculpt., paint.) torso, trunk, bust.

torser, v.a., to twist, to wreathe (the shaft of a column).

torsil, -e, adj., (bot.) twisted, contorted.

torsion, n.f., torsion; twisting.

tort, n.m., wrong, harm, injury, hurt; mischief, offense; prejudice, detriment. Faire — à quelqu’un; to wrong any one. Réparer le — qu’on a fait; to repair the wrong one has done. Se faire —; to injure one’s self. Avoir —; to be wrong, to be in the wrong. Donner — à quelqu’un; to decide against any one. Mettre quelqu’un dans son —; to leave (a person) no loophole, no excuse. À —; wrong, wrongly, wrongfully, injuriously. Il parle à — et à travers; he speaks at random, thoughtlessly. À — et à droit; at random. À — ou à droit, à — ou à raison; rightly or wrongly. Être dans son —; to be in the wrong. Se mettre dans son —; to put one’s self in the wrong.

tortelle, n.f., hedge-mustard. V. vélar.

torticolis, n.m., wry-neck, stiff neck; crick (in the neck); (fig.) hypocrite, canter.

tortil, n.m., (her.) a baron’s wreath.

*tortillage, n.m., rigmarole, embarrassed language, shuffling.

*tortille or tortillère, n.f., serpentine or winding walk.

*tortillé, -e, adj., twisted, wreathed.

*tortillement, n.m., twisting, twist; wrench; (fig.) shifting, shuffling, shift, evasion.

*tortiller, v.a., to twist, to wriggle, to waddle. Il n’y a pas à —; (fig.) it must be done; there is no shuffling out of it. — bien de la fourchette; to tuck in, to lay to. Il tortille en marchant; he waddles along.

*se tortiller, v.r., to wriggle, to writhe.

*tortiller, v.n., to wriggle, to shuffle.

*tortillère, n.f. V. tortille.

☉*tortillon, n.m., coarse cap; pad (for the head); country servant-girl, little slavey.

tortionnaire (tor-sio-), n.m. and adj., ☉executioner; (jur.) wrongful, unjust.

tortionnairement (tor-sio-nèr-mān), adv., (jur.) wrongfully.

☉tortionner (tor-sio-), v.a., to strain a text, to twist a passage of an author. V. torturer.

tortis, n.m., twist (of threads); ☉wreath, garland; (her.) circle of pearls round a baron’s coronet.

tortu, -e, adj., crooked, tortuous, bandy. Jambes —es; crooked legs.

tortue, n.f., tortoise, turtle; transport-ship; (Rom. antiq.) testudo. À pas de —; at a snail’s pace. Potage —; turtle-soup. Fausse —; mock-turtle.

tortuer, v.a., to make crooked, to crook, to bend.

se tortuer, v.r., to grow crooked, to crook, to bend.

tortueusement (-eûz-mān), adv., crookedly, tortuously.

tortueu-x, -se, adj., tortuous, winding, bending in and out; (fig.) artful, crafty; unfair, disingenuous.

tortuosité, n.f., (l.u.) tortuosity, crookedness; winding.

torture, n.f., torture, rack, pain. Mettre à la —; to put to the rack.

torturer, v.a., to torture, to put to the rack. — un texte, un passage; to strain or twist (the meaning of) a text, a part of a book, a writing.

tory, n.m. and adj., Tory.

torysme, n.m., Toryism.

toscan, -e, n. and adj., Tuscan.

toste, n.m. V. toast.

toster, v.a. and n., to toast; to give, or to propose, a toast; to drink the health of.

tôt, adv., soon, shortly. Trop —; too soon. — ou tard; sooner or later. Au plus —, or le plus —, possible; as soon as possible, at soonest, as early as possible; at once. Aussi — que; as soon as, as early as. Plus — que; sooner than. Le plus —; the soonest, the earliest. Le plus — que; as early as.

total, -e, adj., total, whole, entire, utter, universal, complete.

total, n.m., whole, whole sum, total, sum total. Au —, en —; upon the whole, taken all in all, after all.

totalement (-tal-mān), adv., totally, wholly, entirely, utterly, completely.

totaliser, v.a., to form a total of, to foot up or total up.

totalité, n.f., totality, whole. En —; the whole.

toton or touton, n.m., teetotum; (child) nuncle.

touage, n.m., (nav.) towage, towing; warping.

*touaille, n.f., roller-towel, jack-towel.

toucan, n.m., (orni., astron.) toucan.

touchable, adj., touchable.

touchant, -e, adj., touching, moving, affecting.

touchant, n.m., the moving, affecting, impressive, touching part (of).

touchant, prep., concerning, respecting, touching, about, with respect to.

☉touchante, n.f., (geom.). V. tangente.

touchau or touchand, n.m., touch-needle.

touche, n.f., touch, assay; trial; pointer; (paint.) stroke, touch; fret (of violins, guitars); key (of a piano, organ, harpsichord); (print.) inking (the form); drove (of oxen); hit, touch (fenc.). Pierre de —; touch-stone.

touché, -e, part., adj., touched, affected. Pièce —e, pièce jouée (chess), dame —e, dame jouée (draughts, backgammon); if you touch your man or piece you must play it. Bien —; (fig.) well-written, well-said, well-done, well-hit.

touche-à-tout, n.m.f., meddler; Jack of all trades.

toucher, v.a., to touch, to handle, to feel, to finger; to assay, to try (precious metals); to receive (money); to beat, to whip, to strike (animals); (mus.) to play; to express, to convey; to describe; (print.) to ink; to paint, to draw, to depict; to touch on, to allude to; to move, to affect; to concern, to regard; to interest, to inspire interest in. — le, ou du, piano; to play the piano. — un ulcère; (surg.) to touch an ulcer with caustic. — ses appointements; to receive one’s salary. Cela ne me touche point; that does not concern me. — la grosse corde; to come to, or to speak upon, the main point (of an affair). Se laisser — par les larmes de quelqu’un; to be affected, to be moved, by any one’s tears. — un mot; to let drop a hint, to send word. Je vous toucherai un mot; I’ll drop you a line. — le fond de la douleur possible; (V. Hugo) to drain to the dregs the cup of human sorrow. — un cheval; to drive on.

se toucher, v.r., to touch, to touch one another, each other, to join, to be adjoining, to meet.

toucher, v.n., to touch; to reach; to take away; to play a musical instrument; to draw near, to approach; to change, to alter; to concern, to regard, to interest; to be affected, to be moved; to drive, to drive on; (man.) to whip; to be related, to be akin; to be like; (nav.) to touch; (nav.) to ground; (nav.) to strike. Sa maison touche à la mienne; his house is next to mine. — à une île; (nav.) to touch at an island. Touchez, cocher, allons plus vite; drive on, coachman, faster, please! J’y touche de la main; I reach it with my hand. — dans la main; to strike hands (in concluding a bargain). — à un certain temps; to be very near a particular time. Il n’osa — à la religion; he dared not meddle with religion. Il y a touché; he had a hand in it. — de près à quelqu’un; to be nearly related to any one. N’avoir pas l’air d’y —; to look as if butter would not melt in one’s mouth. Ne touchez pas à la reine! hands off the queen!

toucher, n.m., touch, feeling; touch (manner of playing an instrument).

toucheur, n.m., cattle drover; (print.) inking-roller.

tou-coi, int., (hunt.) lie down! down!

toue, n.f., ferry-boat, barge.

touée, n.f., (nav.) towage, towing, warping; towline. Amarre de —; towline. Câble de —; stream-cable. Ancre de —; kedge-anchor.

touer, v.a., (nav.) to tow, to warp.

se touer, v.r., (nav.) to haul herself ahead.

toueur, n.m., towing-boat, tow-boat (on rivers).

touffe, n.f., tuft, bunch, cluster, clump; wisp (of straw, hay). — de cheveux; tuft of hair. — d’arbres; cluster of trees.

touffer, v.a., to tuft.

se touffer, v.r., to bunch, to cluster.

touffeur, n.f., (fam.) stifling heat.

touffu, -e, adj., tufted, bushy, branchy, leafy; full, thick.

toug, n.m. V. touc.

toujours, adv., always, for ever, ever, evermore; still; nevertheless, at least. Est-il — à Paris? is he still in Paris? Se dire adieu pour —; to bid each other adieu for ever. — plus; more and more. — est-il que; still; the fact remains that; as it is. C’est — ça or cela! that’s always as much, or something!

toupet, n.m., tuft of hair; forelock; front, foretop; (fig.) presumption, brass, effrontery; cheek, impudence. Avoir du —; to have any amount of brass or cheek. Se prendre au —; to take each other by the hair. Quel —! what impudence! what effrontery! what cheek!

toupie, n.f., spinning-top, peg-top; humming-top; top; (fig.) (pers., pop.) trollop, drab. — d’Allemagne; humming-top. Faire aller une —; to spin a top.

*toupiller, v.n., to spin, to whirl about; (fam.) to do nothing but run up and down, or about, the house.

*toupillon, n.m., little tuft of hair; waste branch (of an orange-tree).

tour, n.f., tower; rook, castle (at chess).

tour, n.m., turn, going round, winding; revolution; turn; circumference, circuit; trick; feat; order; manner; twist, strain; lathe; turning-box; tour, trip; valance (of bed); turn (act); tour, front, foretop (of hair). Faire le — de; to go round. En un — de main; in the twinkling of an eye; in a trice. Faire un — de jardin; to take a turn round, or in, the garden. Faire un —; to take a stroll. — de promenade; turn, walk, stroll. Cet arbre a dix pieds de —; that tree is ten feet in circumference. —s de gobelets; juggler’s tricks, legerdemain. Vous aurez votre —; you will have your turn. Faire, jouer, un mauvais — à quelqu’un; to serve, or play, any one a nasty trick. — de reins; twist, or strain, in the back. À chacun son —; every dog has his day. Chacun à son —; every one in his turn. — de cou; necktie or band. — à —; by turns. — en l’air; mandrel-lathe. Fait au —; made with a lathe, turned; extremely well made. À — de rôle; in turn, in succession. Mon sang n’a fait qu’un —; I turned deathly pale; I nearly fainted; I was thoroughly upset. Faire ses quinze —s; to do a hundred useless things. Fermer à double —; to double-lock. Elle est faite au —; she has a splendid figure.

*touraille, n.f., malt kiln.

tourang-eau, -elle, n. adj., of Touraine; native of Touraine.

tourbe, n.f., turf, peat; mob, vulgar herd.

tourbeu-x, -se, adj., turfy, peaty.

tourbière, n.f., peat-bog, peat-moss.

*tourbillon, n.m., whirlwind, vortex, tornado; whirlpool; eddy; hurly-burly, bustle; tourbillon (fireworks).

*tourbillonnement, n.m., whirling, eddying.

*tourbillonner, v.n., to eddy, to whirl, to wind, to curl.

tourd, n.m., tourdelle, n.f., (orni.) fieldfare, thrush; (ich.) sea fish (of the genus Labrax).

*tourdille, adj., spotty gray; dirty gray.

tourelle, n.f., turret.

touret, n.m., wheel (of a lathe); reel, drill.

tourie, n.f., carboy; (wicker) jar.

tourière, n.f., nun attendant, or in attendance (at the turning-box in a nunnery).

*tourillon, n.m., trunnion; spindle, pivot (of a gate); axle, axle-tree, arbor.

touriste, n.m., tourist.

tourlourou, n.m., (pop.) foot-soldier.

tourmaline, n.f., tourmalin, turmalin.

tourment, n.m., torment, torture; anguish, pain; plague, scourge, vexation.

tourmentant, -e, adj., tormenting, troublesome.

tourmente, n.f., tempest, storm, hurricane, foul weather; (fig.) disturbance, turmoil.

tourmenter, v.a. and n., to torment, to torture, to rack; to grieve, to distress, to vex, to trouble, to plague; to harass, to annoy, to pester; to jolt; to strain (a ship); to labor hard (of a ship). Son procès le tourmente; his lawsuit worries him. Que cela ne vous tourmente point; don’t let that worry, or trouble, you.

se tourmenter, v.r., to toss, to tumble; to torment one’s self, to labor very hard; to be uneasy, to fret; (of wood) to warp; to be restless, agitated (of horses).

tourmenteur, adj.m., torturing, tormenting.

tourmenteu-x, -se, adj., (nav., l.u.) stormy (of regions).

tourmentin, n.m., (nav.) storm-jib, fore-stay sail.

tournage, n.m., (man.) turning.

*tournailler, v.n., (fam.) to turn, to go round and round a place; to prowl, or hover, round a place.

tournant, n.m., turn, turning, bend; turning-space (for a carriage); whirlpool, vortex; (fig.) indirect means. Au — de la rue; at the corner of the street. À un — de la route; at a turn of, or in, the road.

tournant, -e, adj., turning. Pont —; revolving, swing-bridge. Mouvement —; (milit.) turning, outflanking movement, outflanking of an enemy’s position.

tourné, -e, part., turned; awry; sour, spoilt, nearly ripe. Avoir l’esprit mal —; to be cross-grained.

tourne-à-gauche, n.m., (—) (tech.) tap wrench.

☉tournebride, n.m., tavern, roadside inn.

tournebroche, n.m., jack, kitchen-jack, roasting-jack; turnspit.

tournée, n.f., circuit; progress, visit; round, turn, walk; journey. Faire sa —; to go one’s rounds. Il est en —; he is on his rounds; he is on circuit (of judges, barristers).

tourne-feuillet, n.m., book-marker.

tourne-gants, n.m., (—) glove-stick, glove-stretchers.

☉tournelle, n.f., small tower; Tournelle (criminal chamber of the Parliament of Paris); prison.

☉tournemain, n.m., trice, twinkling, instant. En un —; in a trice, in a twinkling. V. tour de main under tour.

tournement, n.m., turning, whirling. — de tête; swimming in the head, giddiness.

*tourne-oreille, n.m., (—) (agri.) turning moldboard. Charrue —; turnwrist plow.

tourne-pierre, n.m., (—-—s) (orni.) turn-stone.

tourner, v.a., to turn, to turn round, to wind round, to revolve, to move round, to twirl, to twirl round; to do, to translate; to construe, to interpret; to turn off; to turn up or over. — une broche; to turn a spit. — le dos à quelqu’un; to turn one’s back on any one. — ses souliers; to wear one’s shoes on one side. — une personne à son gré; to manage any one as one likes, to wind any one round one’s little finger. — tout en bien; to put a good construction upon everything. — tout en mal; to put a wrong construction upon everything. — casaque; (fig.) to change sides, to rat. — la conversation; to change the subject of conversation. — le sang à quelqu’un; to upset any one. Faire —; to turn, to spin, to curdle. — une chose en raillerie; to make a jest of anything, to turn anything into ridicule. — du latin en français; to turn Latin into French. Il tourne bien un vers; he is a good hand at turning a verse.

se tourner, v.r., to turn; to turn round, to turn about; to turn, to change, to become changed. Le temps se tourne au beau; the weather is changing to fair.

tourner, v.n., to turn, to turn round, to wheel, to revolve, to tack about; to turn out; to change; to color, to ripen; to turn up (of cards); to spoil, to curdle (of liquids); (of the tongue) to trip, to slip. — vers; to turn towards. Le vent a tourné; the wind has shifted. Il tourne comme une girouette; he turns like a weather-cock. La tête me tourne; I feel quite giddy. La tête lui a tourné; he lost his head. — autour du pot; to beat about the bush. — du côté de quelqu’un; to go over to any one. Il ne sait plus de quel côté —; he does not know which way to turn. Cela tournera mal; that will come to no good. La chance a tourné; the luck has changed; (fig.) the tables are turned. — court; to cut short, to make an end.

tournerie, n.f., turner’s shop.

tournesol, n.m., (bot.) turnsol, girasole, sunflower; dyer’s croton.

tournette, n.f., squirrel’s cage; cotton winder (of candle-makers); (l.u.) skein-holder.

tourneur, n.m., turner.

tourneuse, n.f., reeler, winder.

tourne-vent, n.m., (—) cowl (on chimneys).

tournevire, n.f., (nav.) voyol, viol (for weighing an anchor). Garcettes de —; nippers. Œillets de —; eyes of the voyol.

tournevis (-viss), n.m., turn-screw, screw-driver.

tourniole, n.f., whitlow.

tourniquet, n.m., turnstile, turnpike; roundabout; (carp.) screw-jack; sash-pulley; (nav.) roller; (surg.) tourniquet; swivel.

tournis, n.m., (vet.) sturdy, turnsick, staggers.

tournoi, n.m., tournament.

tournoiement or tournoîment (-noa-mān), n.m., turning round, wheeling round; (vet.) sturdy, turnsick, staggers. Un — de tête; a swimming in the head, giddiness.

tournois, adj., of Tours. Livre —; livre, Tours currency, worth about 10 pence.

tournoyer, v.n., to turn round and round, to wheel round, to wind, to eddy; (fig.) to beat about the bush, to shuffle.

tournure, n.f., figure, shape; tournure, bustle (part of dress); turn, direction, course; cast; appearance; turn (of mind, style). Avoir bonne —; to be a good figure, to have a good figure; (fig.) to look well. Avoir mauvaise —; to be a bad figure, to have a bad figure; (fig.) to look bad. Les choses commencent à prendre une mauvaise —; things are beginning to look bad.

tourte, n.f., tart, fruit-pie; pie.

tourteau, n.m., (agri.) oil-cake; ☉a cake; (ich.) hermit-crab.

tourtereau, n.m., young turtle-dove.

tourterelle, n.f., turtle-dove.

tourtière (-ti-èr), n.f., tart-dish.

tous, adj.m.pl., toutes, adj.f.pl. V. tout.

touselle, n.f., (agri.) lammas wheat.

La toussaint, n.f., All Saints’ day.

tousser, v.n., to cough; to hem.

tousserie, n.f., (fam.) habitual coughing.

tousseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., cougher.

tout, -e, adj., all, whole, the whole of, each, any; every; full, long; only, sole. — le monde; all the world, everybody. —e la famille; all the, or the whole, family. Tous mes livres; all my books. —es les fois que; as often as, every time that. Courir à —es jambes; to run full speed, or at the top of one’s speed. C’est — un; it is all the same. — homme qui; any man who. Tous les jours; every day. Tous les deux jours; every other day. — le jour; the whole day. Tous les huit jours; every week. Tous les quinze jours; every fortnight.

tout, n.m., (touts) whole, all, the whole; every one, every thing, chief point; only thing. Il veut — avoir; he wants to have all. Est-ce là —? is that all? Avez-vous — dit? have you said everything; have you had your say? — bien considéré; all things considered. À — prendre; on the whole; all things considered. Il est propre à —; he is fit for anything. Du —; not at all. Comme —; exceedingly, extremely, awfully, dreadfully, furiously, like anything. Il n’aura rien du —; he shall have nothing at all. En —; in all, upon the whole. Voilà —; that is all. C’est —; that is all. Par-dessus —; above all. Point du —; not at all. Plusieurs —s distincts; several distinct wholes.

tout, adv., wholly, entirely, quite, completely, thoroughly; all, for all; although, though, however. [Tout, adv., coming before an adjective or past participle beginning with a consonant, or h aspirate, and qualifying a feminine noun or pronoun, is changed into toute; and into toutes, if the noun or pronoun is in the plural.] Je suis — à vous; I am quite at your service. — à vous; sincerely yours. — à fait; quite, wholly, entirely. — malades qu’ils sont; ill as they are. —es malades qu’elles sont; ill as they are. Des femmes — éplorées; women all in tears. — nu; stark naked. Ces fleurs sont —es fraîches; these flowers are quite fresh. —e femme qu’elle est; although she is a woman, or woman though she is. —es bonnes qu’elles sont; however good they may be. — prêt; quite ready. Parler — haut; to speak aloud. — comme vous voudrez; just as you please. — le long de la rivière; all along the river. — beau, — doux; softly, gently, stop a bit, hold! not so fast. — de go; bluntly. — de bon; in earnest. — à coup; suddenly. — d’un coup; all on a sudden, all at once. — au moins; at least. — au plus; at the most. — de suite; directly. — au long; in detail, at full length. — à l’heure; just now.

tout à fait, adv., quite, wholly, entirely.

toute-bonne, n.f., (—s-—s) (bot.) clary, all good; (a sort of pear).

toute-bonté, n.f., supreme goodness.

toute-épice, n.f., (—s-—s) allspice.

toutefois (toot-foa), adv., yet, nevertheless, however, still.

toutenague (toot-nag), or tintenague, n.f., (metal.) tutenag.

tout-ensemble, n.m., (—) (arts) whole, tout ensemble, viewed as a whole.

toute-présence, n.f., (n.p.) omnipresence, ubiquity.

toute-puissance, n.f., (n.p.) omnipotence, almighty power.

toute-saine, n.f., (—s-—s) (bot.) tutsan.

toute-science, n.f., (n.p.) omniscience.

toute-table or toutes-tables, n.m., tables (backgammon).

tou-tou, n.m., (—-—s) bow-wow, doggy.

tout-ou-rien, n.m., (—) (horl.) all or nothing.

tout-puissant, adj.m., toute-puissante, adj.f., Almighty, Omnipotent, all-powerful.

tout-puissant, n.m., (n.p.) Omnipotent, Almighty.

toux, n.f., cough, coughing. — opiniâtre; obstinate cough. — qui sent le sapin or — de renard; church-yard cough. Quinte de — or accès de —; fit of coughing.

toxicodendron, n.m., (bot.) toxicodendron.

toxicologie, n.f., toxicology.

toxique, n.m. and adj., (med.) poison; poisonous.

traban, n.m., traban (soldier).

trabée, n.f., (Roman antiq.) trabea (toga).

☉trac, n.m., track, trace (of animals); pace of horses, mules. Avoir le —; (fam.) to be funky.

traçant, -e, adj., (bot.) running (of roots).

tracas, n.m., bustle, confusion, turmoil, disorder; worry, annoyance, bother; splutter. — des affaires; turmoil of business. — du monde; turmoil of the world.

tracasser, v.n., to bustle, to be busy, to be full of bustle, to stir; to meddle, to fidget.

tracasser, v.a., to plague, to trouble, to vex, to pester, to annoy.

tracasserie (-ka-srî), n.f., cavil, chicane; quarrel; bickering, broil; pester, bother, annoyance, vexation.

tracassi-er, -ère, n. and adj., caviler; troublesome person, mischief-maker; pesterer; busybody; shuffling, caviling; mischief-making; pestering, bothering, annoying.

trace, n.f., trace, track, step, footstep, print (of the foot); sign, mark, impression, vestige; remains; outline, sketch; (hunt.) trail; slot (of deer).

tracé, n.m., laying out (of ground); outline, sketch, drawing; direction; (rail) line; draught. Faire le — de; to lay out.

tracelet, n.m., tracer, tracing-point.

tracement (tras-mān), n.m., laying out (of grounds, roads).

tracer, v.a., to draw, to trace, to draw out, to trace out, to make out, to sketch; to lay out (grounds, roads); (fig.) to lay down, to set forth, to mark out.

tracer, v.n., (of trees) to spread their roots; to run out. Se —; to be traced.

traceret, n.m., tracing-point.

traceu-r, -se, n.m.f., tracer.

trachée, n.f., (ent., bot.) air-vessel, trachea.

trachée-artère, n.f., (—s-—s) (anat.) trachea, windpipe.

trachéite, n.f., (med.) trachitis.

trachéotomie, n.f., (surg.) tracheotomy.

trachyte, n.m., (min.) trachyte.

traçoir, n.m., tracer.

traction, n.f., traction; draught; thrust (of suspension-bridges).

traditeur, n.m., (ecc. hist.) traditor.

tradition, n.f., tradition; (jur.) delivery. — de la chose vendue; delivery of the thing sold. De —; traditional.

traditionnaire, n.m., traditionary.

traditionnel, -le, adj., traditional, traditionary, traditive.

traditionnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., traditionally.

traducteur, n.m., translator.

traduction, n.f., translation.

traduire (traduisant, traduit), v.a., to translate, to interpret, to construe, to render; to convey, to express; to show, to betray, to indicate, to denote; (jur.) to remove, to arraign, to indict. — facilement, à livre ouvert; to translate easily, at sight.

se traduire, v.r., to be translated; to be depicted, denoted; to be construed, to be interpreted, to be expressed.

traduisible, adj., translatable.

trafic, n.m., traffic, trading, trade. Faire — de; to deal in. Il fait — de toute sorte de marchandises; he traffics, or trades, in all sorts of goods.

trafiquant, n.m., trafficker.

trafiquer, v.n., to traffic, to trade, to deal (in), to sell.

tragacanthe, n.f., (bot.) tragacanth.

tragédie, n.f., tragedy.

tragédien, n.m., -ne, n.f., (-in, -è-n), tragedian.

tragi-comédie, n.f., tragi-comedy.

tragi-comique, adj., tragi-comic, tragi-comical.

tragique, adj., tragic, tragical.

tragique, n.m., tragedy, tragic art; tragedian; tragic writer; tragicalness; tragic part or side. Prendre une chose au —; to take a thing too seriously. Tourner au —; to assume a tragical appearance, to take a tragical turn, to become a tragedy.

tragiquement (-jik-mān), adv., tragically.

trahir, v.a., to betray; to disclose, to denote; to reveal, to discover; to be false to, to deceive; to disappoint. — sa patrie; to betray one’s country. — le secret de quelqu’un; to divulge, to betray any one’s secret.

se trahir, v.r., to betray one’s self; to betray one another; to be denoted, to be depicted (on).

trahison, n.f., treachery, treacherousness; treason, perfidy, foul play; breach of faith, breach of trust.

*traille, n.f., ferry-boat (of a large size).

train, n.m., pace, rate; train, suite, attendants; way, manner; noise, dust; carriage, skeleton (of carriages); quarters (of a horse); train (of boats); (print.) carriage; raft; (railways) train; (railways) truck. — d’artillerie; train of artillery. — de presse; (print.) carriage. — de bois; raft of wood. — direct; through train. — omnibus; slow train. — mixte; mixed train. — express, —rapide; express train. —-poste; (—s-—) mail-train. — d’aller; down train. — de marchandises; goods train. — de plaisir; excursion train. — de retour; up train. — de grande vitesse; fast train. — de petite vitesse; goods train. — de voyageurs; passenger-train. Mise en —; (print.) making ready. — de maison; establishment. Aller grand —; to go at a great rate, to go very fast. Le cocher nous a menés bon —; the coachman drove us very fast. Faire du —; to make a noise, a fuss, to kick up a shindy. L’affaire est en bon —; the business is in a fair way. Mettre quelqu’un en — de faire une chose; to put any one in the way of doing a thing. Mettre en —; to set going, to start, to put in hand. Tel était notre — de vie; such was our way of living. Il va toujours son —; he goes on in his old way or as usual. Aller son —; (of a thing) to have its course. Être en —; to be in good spirits, to be in the mood (for). N’être pas en —; not to be up to the mark. Au — dont il y va; at the rate he goes on. Fort en —; in high spirits, in high fettle. Se mettre en — de faire une chose; to prepare to do, to set about doing, a thing. Tout d’un —; all together. Pas dans le —; not up to date, of an older school. Mener bon —; to drive hard. Mener grand —; to drive at a great pace; (fig.) to live in great style. À fond de —; at full speed, at full gallop.

traînage, n.m., sledging, sleighing; (racing) training.

traînant, -e, adj., dragging, trailing, tiresome, languid. Drapeaux —s; trailing colors. Style —; heavy style. Voix —e; drawling voice.

traînard, n.m., loiterer, straggler, laggard.

traînasse, n.f., (bot.) fiorin; knot-grass; drag-net.

traînasser, v.a. and n., (fam.) to draw out, to spin out, to drag about, to delay, to protract; to be dilatory, to linger.

traîne, n.f., dragging, being dragged or drawn. Bateau à la —; boat in tow at the stern of a ship. Perdreaux en —; young partridges that cannot fly; unfledged partridges.

traîneau, n.m., sledge, sleigh; trammel, drag-net, draw-net.

traîne-buissons, n.m., (orni.) hedge-sparrow.

traînée, n.f., train (of gunpowder); trail, long line (of anything spilt); (hunt.) track; (pers.) street-walker, trollop.

traîne-malheur, n.m.f., (—) wretch.

traîne-potence, n.m., (—) hang-gallows-fellow, Newgate-bird, gaol-bird, gallows-bird.

traîner, v.a., to draw, to drag, to drag along, to trail; to put off, to spin out, to draw out, to protract, to lengthen; to drawl. — un homme en prison; to drag a man off to prison. Il traîne la jambe; he drags his leg. Cet oiseau traîne l’aile; that bird hangs its wing. — ses paroles; to draw out one’s words. — les choses en longueur; to protract, or to delay, things. — dans la boue; to draggle; to defame. Laisser —; to leave littered about.

se traîner, v.r., to crawl, to creep along; to lag, to lag behind, to drag one’s self along.

traîner, v.n., to trail, to drag, to lag; to droop; to lie about; to languish, to linger, to be in abeyance or in suspense; to be spun out, to be protracted, to be drawn out, to be lengthened; to be found. Votre robe traîne; your gown sweeps the ground, drags along the ground. L’affaire traîne; the matter hangs fire. Il y a longtemps qu’il traîne; he has been in a lingering state for a long time. Cela traîne dans tous les livres; that is found in every book.

traînerie, n.f., dragging, drawling; string (of words); series, long speech.

traîneur, n.m., straggler, lagger; poacher (with a trammel); (nav.) ship lagging behind. — d’épée, — de sabre; trooper, sword dangler, swashbuckler.

train-train, n.m., routine, habits, regular course.

traire (trayant, trait), v.a., to milk, to draw.

trait, -e, part., milked; (of precious metals) wire-drawn.

trait, n.m., arrow, dart, bolt, shaft, thunderbolt; stroke, hit, trait; trace (of harness); leash (for dogs); turn (of the scale); draught, gulp; dash (of the pen); (paint.) touch; kerf (of a saw); feature, lineament; act; prime move (at chess, draughts); (c.rel.) tract; gold or silver wire. Au —; (of a drawing) in outline. — d’union; hyphen, connecting link. Décocher, lancer un —; to shoot, to let fly an arrow. Il partit comme un —; he darted off (like an arrow from the bow). —s de l’Amour; Love’s shafts. — piquant; smart hit. — de satire; satirical stroke. Chacun me lança son —; every one had a fling at me. —s de l’envie; shafts of envy. Avaler tout d’un —; to swallow at one draught. Boire à longs —s; to quaff. Avoir — à; to have reference to. À longs —s; deep, in long draughts. Copier — pour —; to copy stroke for stroke. — d’esprit; witticism, flash of wit. Cheval de —; draught-horse. D’un seul —; at a stretch. Boutons de —; gold or silver wire buttons. Ce sont là de ses —s; that is just like him, or some of his tricks.

traitable, adj., tractable, manageable; (metal.) ductile, pliant, soft, malleable.

traitant, n.m., farmer (of the revenue); contractor.

traite, n.f., stage, journey, stretch; trade, trading (on the African coast); milking; (com.) draft, bill; banking; exportation; ☉customs duty. Je m’y rendis tout d’une —; I made but one stage of it. — des nègres, — des noirs; slave-trade. Tout d’une —; at a stretch. Bâtiment de —; slaver, slave-ship. Faire la —; to carry on the slave-trade; to trade with the coast of Africa.

traité, n.m., treatise, tract, dissertation; treaty; agreement. — de paix; treaty of peace. — de commerce; commercial treaty.

traitement (trèt-mān), n.m., treatment; reception, honors; usage; entertainment (to ambassadors or envoys); salary, stipend, emoluments (of a place); (med., chem.) treatment; (nav.) full pay. Mauvais —s; ill-usage, ill-treatment.

traiter, v.a., to treat; to discuss, to handle, to discourse upon; to use, to behave to; to call, to style; to negotiate, to treat for, to be in treaty for; to treat of; to entertain, to board; to execute, to do; (med., chem.) to treat. Il m’a traité en frère; he treated me like a brother. — quelqu’un avec honneur; to show any one great honor. — de haut en bas; to treat with contempt. Il l’a traité de fat; he called him a fop. — quelqu’un de Turc à More; to treat any one like a Turk, to use any one shamefully.

se traiter, v.r., to be treated; to treat one’s self; to treat one another; to live (well or badly); to be one’s own doctor.

traiter, v.n., to treat, to discuss; to negotiate, to be in negotiation for; to come to terms; to entertain, to treat; to keep an ordinary; to keep a boarding-house. — d’une matière; to treat of a matter. — à tant par tête; to keep an ordinary at so much a head; to board people at so much a head.

traiteur, n.m., eating-house keeper; Louisiana trader.

traître, -sse, n. and adj., traitor, treacherous man; traitress, treacherous woman; treacherous, false, perfidious; traitorous. Les chats sont —s; cats are treacherous. En —; treacherously, perfidiously. Prendre en —; to fall upon, or attack, in a treacherous manner. Pas un — mot; not a single word.

traîtreusement (-eûz-mān), adv., traitorously, treacherously.

traîtrise, n.f., treachery, perfidy.

trajectoire, n.f., (ballistics) trajectory.

trajet, n.m., passage, voyage, journey; (surg.) course, direction. — d’une plaie; direction of a wound. Faire le —; to perform the journey, to make the passage, etc.

*tramail or trémail, n.m., trammel, drag-net.

trame, n.f., weft, woof, web; plot, conspiracy; course, progress, thread. La — de sa vie; the course of his life. Ourdir une —; to lay, or to hatch, a plot.

tramer, v.a., to weave; to plot, to brew, to contrive, to hatch. — une étoffe de soie; to weave a stuff with a silk woof. — une conspiration; to hatch a plot. V. ourdir.

se tramer, v.r., to be woven; to be hatched, plotted; to be in course of being hatched, plotted.

☉tramontain, -e (-tīn, -tè-n), adj., tramontane (lying beyond the mountains).

tramontane, n.f., tramontane, North wind; North; North star (in the Mediterranean). Perdre la —; to be at a loss what to do, to be at one’s wits’ end.

tramway, n.m., (—s) tramway, tramroad.

tranchant, -e, adj., sharp, cutting; trenchant, salient, prominent; peremptory, decisive. Epée —e; sharp sword. Ecuyer —; gentleman-carver. Couleurs —es; strong, glaring colors.

tranchant, n.m., edge (of cutting instruments); web (of colters). Epée à deux —s; two-edged, or double-edged, sword.

tranche, n.f., slice, chop, collop, steak; (of beef) aitchbone; (of a book) edge; (arith.) period, set. Doré sur —s; with gilt edges, gilt-edged. — de lard; rasher of bacon.

tranchée, n.f., trench, drain. pl., throes, pains (of a woman in labor); cut, cutting, excavation, pl., gripes, griping, colic. Avoir des —s; to be griped. —s rouges; (vet.) gripes (of horses).

tranchefile (transh-fil), n.f., (book-bind.) headband; bar (in a shoe); cross-chain (of a bridle).

tranche-gazon, n.m., turfing-iron.

tranchelard (transh-lâr), n.m., larding-knife.

*tranche-montagne, n.m., (—-—s) hector, bully, swaggerer, blusterer, braggart.

trancher, v.a., to cut, to cut off; to decide, to determine, to settle. — la tête à quelqu’un; to cut off any one’s head. Ceci tranche la difficulté; this removes the obstacle. — le mot; to say the word, to speak out. — la question; to settle, or clinch, the matter; to cut the Gordian knot; to solve the difficulty.

trancher, v.n., to decide, to determine, to resolve, to set up for, to affect; to cut; (of colors) to glare, to show. — court; to cut short. — net; to speak one’s mind plainly. — du grand seigneur; to give one’s self the airs of a lord, to lord it (over). — du philosophe; to set up for a philosopher. — du petit-maître; to affect the beau, the dandy. Ce couteau tranche comme un rasoir; this knife cuts like a razor. — dans le vif; to cut to the quick; (fig.) to set to work in good earnest.

tranchet, n.m., shoemaker’s knife; paring-knife; shank (of chisels).

tranchoir, n.m., trencher, plate.

tranquille, adj., quiet, calm, still, tranquil, peaceful; easy (in mind); Tenez-vous —; be quiet. Soyez —; never fear; don’t trouble about that; set your mind at ease (about it). Laissez-moi —; leave me alone; stuff! nonsense! Séjour —; tranquil, peaceful abode.

tranquillement (-kil-mān), adv., tranquilly, quietly, peaceably, calmly, sedately.

tranquillisant, -e, adj., tranquillizing.

tranquilliser, v.a., to tranquillize, to make easy, to still, to quiet, to set at ease, at rest.

se tranquilliser, v.r., to grow tranquil, easy; to become tranquil, to be tranquillized, to make one’s self easy (about anything).

tranquillité, n.f., tranquillity, calmness, quiet, stillness, peace.

trans, a prefix from Lat. trans.

transaction (-zak-ci-), n.f., transaction, compromise, arrangement.

transalpin, -e (-zal-pīn, -pi-n), adj., beyond the Alps, transalpine.

transatlantique, adj., transatlantic.

transbordement, n.m., transshipment.

transborder, v.a., to transship.

transcendance, n.f., transcendency.

transcendant, -e, adj., transcendent.

transcendantal, -e, adj., (philos.) transcendental.

transcripteur, n.m., transcriber.

transcription, n.f., transcription, transcript, copy.

transcrire, v.a., to transcribe, to copy.

transe, n.f., affright, fright, fear, apprehension. Être dans des —s; to be in mortal terror.

transept, n.m., (arch.) transept.

transférable, adj., transferable; (com.) endorsable.

transfèrement, n.m., removal, transference, conveying (of convicts).

transférer, v.a., to transfer, to transport, to convey; to translate (bishops); to remove; to put off; to make over; to postpone. — son droit; to make over one’s right. — une fête; to postpone a fête. Se —; to be transferred.

transfert, n.m., transfer; (jur.) conveyance.

transfiguration, n.f., transfiguration.

transfigurer, v.a., to transfigure.

se transfigurer, v.r., to be transfigured.

transfilage, n.m., (nav.) marling.

transfiler, v.a., (nav.) to marl.

transformation, n.f., transformation, transmutation.

transformer, v.a., to transform, to transmute; to change, to convert, to turn.

se transformer, v.r., to transform, to be transformed, to be transmuted.

transfuge, n.m., (milit.) deserter; fugitive, turncoat.

transfuser, v.a., to transfuse.

transfuseur, n.m., transfuser.

transfusion, n.f., transfusion.

transgresser, v.a., to transgress, to trespass against, to violate.

transgresseur, n.m., transgressor.

transgression, n.f., transgression, violation.

transi, -e, part., chilled, benumbed. — de froid; chilled with cold. Un amoureux —; a bashful lover.

transiger (-zi-jé), v.n., to compound, to compromise, to come to terms; to treat (with).

transiger, v.a., to transact.

transir, v.a., to chill, to benumb; to overcome with fear or affliction, to paralyze.

transir, v.n., to be chilled (with cold); to be overcome or paralyzed with fear or affliction.

transissement (-sis-mān), n.m., (l.u.) chill, numbness, shivering, trembling.

transit (tran-zit), n.m., (com.) transit.

transiti-f, -ve (tran-zi-), adj., transitive. Verbe —; transitive verb.

transition (tran-zi-), n.f., transition.

transitoire (tran-zi-), adj., transitory, transient.

☉translater, v.a., to translate.

☉translateur, n.m., translator.

translati-f, -ve, adj., (jur.) transferring.

translation, n.f., translation (of bishops); removal; postponement (of a ceremony); (jur.) transfer.

translucide, adj., translucid.

translucidité, n.f., translucency, translucidity.

transmarin, -e (-rīn, -ri-n), adj., transmarine.

transmetteur, n.m., (in telegraphy) transmitting-key.

transmettre, v.a., to transmit, to convey; to forward; to send on; to transfer, to make over, to hand down. — son nom à la postérité; to hand down one’s name to posterity.

transmigrant, -e, adj., (zoöl.) migratory.

transmigration, n.f., transmigration.

transmissibilité, n.f., transmissibility.

transmissible, adj., transmissible, transferable.

transmission, n.f., transmission; (com.) transfer.

transmuable, adj., transmutable.

transmuer, v.a., to transmute.

transmutabilité, n.f., transmutability.

transmutation, n.f., transmutation.

transparence, n.f., transparency.

transparent, -e, adj., transparent.

transparent, n.m., (paint.) transparency; black lines (for writing straight).

transpercer, v.a., to transpierce, to pierce through and through, to run through.

transpirable, adj., (l.u.) perspirable.

transpiration, n.f., perspiration, transpiration.

transpirer, v.n., to perspire; to exhale, to ooze out; (fig.) to transpire.

transplantable, adj., (gard.) transplantable.

transplantation, n.f., transplantation.

☉transplantement, n.m. V. transplantation.

transplanter, v.a., to transplant. Se —; to be transplanted.

transplanteur, n.m., (hort.) (pers.) transplanter.

transplantoir, n.m., transplanter (instrument).

transport, n.m., carriage; conveyance; transfer, assignment; (fig.) rapture, transport, ecstasy, delirium; (nav.) transport-ship, transport. Vaisseau de —; transport-ship. — de joie; transport of joy. — au cerveau; delirium, deliriousness. Commerce de —; carrying-trade. Frais de —; (com.) carriage.

transportable, adj., that may be conveyed, transportable.

transportation, n.f., transportation, banishment.

transporté, -e, n. and adj., convict; transported, rapt.

transporter, v.a., to convey, to transport; to transfer; to make over; to banish; to enrapture, to transport. — une créance; to transfer a debt. La joie l’a tout transporté; he is quite overcome with joy.

se transporter, v.r., to transport one’s self, to go, to repair (to). Se — sur les lieux; to go, to repair, to the place.

☉transposable, adj., transposable.

transposer, v.a., to transpose. Se —; to be transposed.

transpositeur, adj.m., only used in Piano, instrument —; transposing piano, instrument.

transpositi-f, -ve, adj., transpositive.

transposition, n.f., transposition.

transrhénan, -e, adj., from beyond the Rhine, transrhenish.

transsubstantiation (-stān-ci-a-cion), n.f., transubstantiation.

transsubstantier (-stān-cié), v.a., to transubstantiate.

transsudation, n.f., transudation.

transsuder, v.n., to transude.

transvasation, n.f., decanting, transfusion.

transvasement, n.m., decantation, transfusion.

transvaser, v.a., to decant, to transfuse.

transvaseur, n.m., decanter.

transversal, -e, adj., transversal, transverse.

transversalement (-sal-mān), adv., transversely.

transverse, adj., transversal, transverse.

trantran, n.m., (fam.) routine, habits, regular course; knack (in treating certain things). Savoir le —; to be an old stager. Savoir le — du palais; (fam.) to know the ins and outs of the law courts. V. train-train.

trapèze, n.m., (geom.) trapezium; (anat.) trapezium (bone); trapezius (muscle); (gymnastics) trapeze. [In the language of anatomy this word is also used adjectively: os —; trapezium; muscle —; trapezius.]

trapéziforme, adj., trapeziform.

trapézoïde, n.m. and adj., (geom.) trapezoid; (anat.) trapezoidal.

trapp, n.m., (geol., min.) trap.

trappe, n.f., trap-door; trap, pitfall; (of the gallows) drop. Tendre une —; to lay a trap.

trappeur, n.m., trapper.

trappiste, n.m. and adj., Trappist.

trapu, -e, adj., squat, dumpy, thick-set, stubby.

traque, n.f., (hunt.) inclosing, beating (for game).

traquenard (trak-nar), n.m., racking-pace (of a horse); trap (for noxious animals).

traquer, v.a., (hunt.) to beat a wood for game; to inclose; to encircle; to ferret out; to surround, to hem in. — un bois; to inclose a wood. — des voleurs; to surround thieves.

traquet, n.m., trap (for fetid animals); (orni.) stone chatter; mill-clapper. Donner dans le —; to be entrapped.

traqueur, n.m., (hunt.) beater up.

trass, n.m., (min.) trass.

traumaticine, n.f., (med.) pigment (of gutta-percha).

traumatique, adj., traumatic.

*travail, n.m., (travaux), labor, work, toil; piece of work; employment; study; travail. pl., works; workmanship. Vivre de son —; to live by one’s labor. À force de —; by dint of labor. Se mettre au —; to set to work. — d’enfant; child-birth, labor, travail. Travaux forcés; penal servitude. Cabinet de —; study.

*travail, n.m., (travails) trave, brake (for the shoeing of refractory horses); reports (of Ministers to the Head of the State, of heads of departments to Ministers).

travaillé, -e, part. adj., worked, wrought, labored; elaborate, (fig.) laboring (under), a prey (to). — à jour; open-worked.

*travailler, v.n., to labor, to work; (of wine) to ferment; to study; to make it one’s study; to endeavor; to digest with difficulty; (of a ship) to be strained; (of wood) to warp; (of a wall) to chink. — à l’aiguille; to do needlework. — à la terre; to till the ground.

*travailler, v.a., to work, to work at, to labor; to do with care; to fashion; to work up; to cultivate, to improve (ground); to exercise, to overwork (a horse); to torment. Un cheval trop travaillé; a horse overworked. — les esprits; to rouse, to excite, the minds (of the populace). — son style; to overdo, to elaborate one’s style.

*se travailler, v.r., to torment one’s self; to make one’s self uneasy; to torment each other; to work up; to endeavor, to study.