A GENERAL FRENCH-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (continued 10)

décharger, v.n., to unload; to unlade; to come off (of ink).

déchargeur, n.m., unloader, wharf-porter, heaver, lumper.

décharné, -e, part., fleshless; lean, thin, spare; emaciated; (of style) bald, meager, poor. Visage —; gaunt face. Style —; bald style.

décharnement, n.m., emaciation; leanness; poverty; (of style) baldness.

décharner, v.a., to strip off the flesh; to impoverish, to make lean, to emaciate; to render meager, naked.

☉décharpir, v.a., to tear into rags; to part, to separate (fighters).

déchasser, v.a., (turnery) to drive out pegs; v.n., (dancing) to slide to the left.

déchaumage, n.m., (agri.) digging up the stubble; plowing up the stubble.

déchaumer, v.a., to plow up the stubble; to break up fallow land.

déchaussé, -e, adj., bare-footed.

déchaussement (-shôs-mān), n.m., pulling off (shoes or stockings), laying bare; baring (of teeth); shrinking, lancing of the gums.

déchausser, v.a., to pull off shoes and stockings; to lay bare (trees, teeth, buildings).

se déchausser, v.r., to take off one’s shoes and stockings; to become bare (of the teeth).

déchaussoir, n.m., gum-lancet.

déchaux, adj.m., barefooted (of friars). C’est un pied —; he is a low poverty-stricken fellow. À peine de —; under pain of forfeiture.

dèche, n.f., (pop.) destitution, beggary. En —; out of pocket.

déchéance, n.f., (jur.) forfeiture; fall, decay.

déchet, n.m., (com.) loss, waste.

décheu-x, -se, adj., needy, beggarly.

déchevelé, -e, part., disheveled.

décheveler (-shĕ-vlé), v.a., to dishevel. V. écheveler.

déchevêtrer, v.a., to take the halter off, to unhalter; to disentangle, to release.

se déchevêtrer, v.r., to get its halter off; to break from its halter.

*décheviller, v.a., to unpeg, to unpin.

déchiffrable, adj., capable of being deciphered, legible, intelligible.

déchiffrement, n.m., deciphering; reading or playing at sight.

déchiffrer, v.a., to decipher; to unravel; to make clear; to read or play at sight.

se déchiffrer, v.r., to be deciphered, to be unraveled.

déchiffreur, n.m., decipherer; player at sight.

déchiqueté, -e, part., (bot.) laciniate; jagged. Feuille —e; jagged leaf.

déchiqueter (dé-shik-té), v.a., to cut, to slash, to mangle, to cut in long pieces; to pink.

déchiqueteur (-shik-teur), n.m., cutter, slasher, or ripper.

☉déchiqueture (-shik-tur), n.f., slashing, cutting, pinking.

déchirage, n.m., ripping up, breaking up, of a ship’s planks. Bois de —; old ship-timber.

déchirant, -e, adj., heart-rending, harrowing, piercing; excruciating.

déchiré, -e, part., torn, rent, ragged, tattered. Être tout —; to be all in rags. Chien hargneux a toujours l’oreille —e; snarling dogs have always sore ears.

déchirement (-shir-mān), n.m., rending, tearing; (surg.) laceration, pl., (fig.) intestine broils. — d’entrailles; excruciating pain in the bowels. —s de cœur; anguish of heart.

déchirer, v.a., to tear, to rend, to lacerate; to bespatter, to revile, to defame. — une plaie; to tear open a wound. — à coups de fouet; to lash to pieces. — quelqu’un à belles dents; to pull any one to pieces. — l’oreille; to grate on the ear. — de vieux vaisseaux; to rip up old vessels. — la cartouche; to bite the cartridge. Être déchiré de remords; to be tortured with remorse. — son prochain; to slander one’s neighbor.

se déchirer, v.r., to tear, to be torn, to be rent; to vilify, to abuse, to defame, each other. Ce papier se déchire très facilement; this paper tears very easily. Je sentis mon cœur —; I felt my heart breaking.

déchireu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., tearer, render; breaker up, ripper up (of boats, ships).

déchirure, n.f., rent, tear, break.

déchoir (déchu), v.n., to decay, to fall off, to decline; to forfeit, to lose; (nav.) not to keep the right course. — de son rang; to fall from one’s rank. Il est fort déchu de sa réputation; he is greatly fallen in reputation. — de ses espérances; to be less sanguine in one’s hopes. Être déchu d’un droit; to have forfeited a claim. Commencer à —; to begin to fall away.

déchouement, n.m., the floating of a stranded ship.

déchouer, v.a., to get off, to set afloat.

déchristianiser, v.a., to unchristianize.

se déchristianiser, v.r., to lose the character of Christian, to fall away from Christianity.

déchu, -e, part., decayed, sunk, fallen. Ange —; fallen angel.

déci, particle used in French weights and measures, deci (one-tenth of the unit).

décidé, -e, adj., decided, determined, resolved, resolute; confident.

décidément, adv., decidedly, positively; actually, really; on considération.

☉décidence, n.f., the falling of the womb.

décider, v.a., to decide, to determine, to settle, to induce, to persuade.

décider, v.n., to decide, to determine. Que le sort décide entre nous; let fortune determine between us. Cet événement décida de mon sort; that event decided my fate.

se décider, v.r., to decide, to determine, to resolve, to make up one’s mind; to be decided, to be settled. La victoire s’est décidée en faveur de nos armes; victory favored our arms. Tout se décidait par intérêt; everything was decided by interest.

décidu, -e, adj., (bot.) deciduous.

décigramme, n.m., decigram (15·4325 grain).

décilitre, n.m., deciliter (0·176 pint).

déciller. V. dessiller.

décimable, adj., tithable.

décimal, -e, adj., decimal.

décimateur, n.m., tithe-owner.

décimation, n.f., decimation.

décime, n.m., decime, tenth part of a franc; war-tax.

décimer, v.a., to decimate (to punish every tenth soldier); to destroy, to thin, to sweep off, to carry off, to annihilate.

décimètre, n.m., decimeter (3·937 inches).

décimo, adv., tenthly.

décintrement, n.m., (arch.) removing the centerings (of walls).

décintrer, v.a., (arch.) to remove the centers from an arch.

décintroir, n.m., (tech.) cutting-hammer.

décirer, v.a., to take the wax off. Se —; to become unwaxed; to lose its wax.

décisi-f, -ve, adj., decisive, conclusive; positive, peremptory. C’est un homme —; he is a positive man. Prendre un ton —; to assume a peremptory tone.

décision, n.f., decision; determination; resolution. Une — de droit; a decision in law.

décisivement (-ziv-mān), adv., decisively, peremptorily, positively.

décisoire, adj., (jur.) decisory.

décistère, n.m., decistere (3·53 cubic feet).

déciviliser, v.a., to uncivilize.

déclamateur, n.m., declaimer, stump-orator. Ce n’est qu’un —; he is a mere ranter.

déclamateur, adj., declamatory, stilted, bombastic. Style —; high-flown style.

déclamation, n.f., declamation, elocution; manner, art of reciting, declaiming; abuse, invective. — oratoire, théâtrale; oratorical, theatrical elocution. Professeur de —; teacher of elocution. Il s’est livré à des —s contre sa partie adverse; he indulged in invectives against his adversary.

déclamatoire, adj., declamatory.

déclamer, v.a., to declaim; to recite; to spout, to mouth (out).

déclamer, v.n., to declaim; to recite; to spout, to rant, to inveigh.

déclarat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., declarer.

déclarati-f, -ve, adj., declaratory.

déclaration, n.f., declaration, proclamation; disclosure; notification; (jur.) schedule; statute (of bankruptcy); (jur.) affidavit; verdict (of juries). — d’entrée, de sortie; declaration of goods (at the custom-house) on entering, on leaving the town.

déclaratoire, adj., declaratory.

déclaré, -e, adj., declared; open; avowed; acknowledged; recognized. Ennemi —; declared or avowed enemy.

déclarer, v.a., to declare, to make known; to proclaim; to certify; to denounce; to find (guilty, not guilty). — sa volonté; to make known one’s will.

se déclarer, v.r., to declare, to be declared, to break out, to speak one’s mind; to declare oneself, itself; to set in (of the weather). La petite vérole s’est déclarée; small-pox has broken out.

déclasser, v.a., to alter the classing of; to undervalue, to depreciate; to strike off the rolls; to dismiss from the service.

déclaveter, v.n., to get loose (of gearing).

déclencher, v.a., to unlatch a door, to lift up the latch, to unhook, to loosen.

déclic, n.m., (mec.) click; trigger, catch; monkey (of a pile-driver).

déclimater, v.a., to declimatize.

déclin, n.m., decline, decay; wane (of the moon); ebb; close; main-spring (of fire-arms). L’hiver est sur son —; winter is drawing to a close. Le jour à son —; twilight.

déclinable, adj., (gram.) declinable.

déclinaison, n.f., (gram.) declension; (astron., phys.) declination. — de la boussole; variation of the compass. — d’un cadran; declination of a dial.

déclinant, -e, adj., declining. Cadran —; declining dial.

déclinatoire, adj., declinatory. Exception —; exception.

déclinatoire, n.m., (jur.) declinatory plea, exception.

décliner, v.n., to decline; to be on the wane, to fall off; to refuse to entertain. Ses forces déclinent beaucoup; his strength is fast declining. Ce malade décline tous les jours; the patient is falling away every day.

décliner, v.a., (gram.) to decline; to state. — son nom; to state one’s name. — une juridiction; to decline, to except to, the jurisdiction of a court of law.

déclive, adj., declivous, sloping; (surg.) dependent.

déclivité, n.f., declivity, slope.

décloîtrer, v.a., to withdraw from a convent, to uncloister; to secularize.

se décloîtrer, v.r., to leave the cloister; to return to the world; to unfrock oneself.

déclore, v.a., to unclose, to throw open.

déclos, -e, part., unclosed; open.

déclôture, n.f., unclosing, opening.

déclouer, v.a., to unnail.

décochement (-kosh-mān), n.m., discharge, darting (of arrows, shafts); shooting.

décocher, v.a., to discharge, to let fly (arrows); to let fly; to bring out; to dart.

décoction, n.f., (pharm.) decoction.

*décognoir, n.m., (print.) shooting-stick.

décoiffer, v.a., to take off a head-dress, to undress the hair; to take the sealing-wax off the cork of a bottle. — St. Pierre pour coiffer St. Paul; to rob Peter to pay Paul.

se décoiffer, v.r., to undo one’s head-dress, to take off one’s cap. Cet enfant se décoiffe tous jours; that child is constantly pulling off its cap.

décoinçage, n.m., unwedging; (rail.) unkeying, unlocking.

décoincer, v.a., to unwedge; (rail.) to unkey.

se décoincer, v.r., to get unwedged.

décollation, n.m., decollation, beheading.

décollement (-kol-mān), n.m., ungluing, unpasting, coming off.

décoller, v.a., to behead; to unglue, to deglutinate; to come off the cushion (at billiards).

se décoller, v.r., to unglue, to get unglued, to come off (the cushion).

décolleté, -e, part., in a low dress; (of dresses) low; (fig.) broad, free, licentious.

décolleter (-kol-té), v.a., to uncover the neck.

se décolleter, v.r., to bare one’s shoulders; to wear a low dress.

décolleter, v.n., to leave the neck bare.

décoloration, n.f., discoloration.

décoloré, -e, part., discolored, faded; (fig.) (of style) tame, colorless.

décolorer, v.a., to discolor, to take away the color of, to change from the natural hue of.

se décolorer, v.r., to lose one’s or its color; to become discolored, to fade. Ces roses se décolorent; these roses are losing their color.

décombler, v.a., to empty.

décombrer, v.a., to clear away rubbish from, to clear.

décombres, n.m.pl., rubbish, ruins.

décommander, v.a., to countermand.

se décommander, v.r., to be countermanded.

décompléter, v.a., to render incomplete.

décomposable, adj., decomposable; decompoundable.

décomposé, -e, part., decomposed; decomposite. Un visage —; a distorted countenance.

décomposer, v.a., to decompose, to discompose, to distort; to decompound. La terreur décompose le visage; terror distorts the face.

se décomposer, v.r., to decompose, to become decomposed; to be distorted.

décomposition, n.f., decomposition, analysis; discomposition.

décompte (dé-kont), n.m., deduction; allowance; deficiency; drawback; disappointment. Trouver du —; to be disappointed.

décompter (dé-kon-té), v.a., to deduct; to reckon off.

décompter, v.n., to reckon off; to be disappointed; to lose one’s illusions.

déconcerté, -e, adj., disconcerted.

déconcerter, v.a., to disconcert, to confuse, to foil, to baffle.

se déconcerter, v.r., to be disconcerted or put out; to be confused.

déconclure, v.a., to annul, to break off.

déconfire, v.a., to discomfit; to nonplus; to do for.

déconfiture, n.f., discomfiture; havoc; overthrow, break-down; (jur.) insolvency.

déconfort, n.m., discomfort, sorrow, distress.

déconforter, v.a., to discomfort, to grieve, to distress.

*déconseiller, v.a., to dissuade.

déconsidération, n.f., disrepute; disesteem, discredit.

déconsidéré, -e, adj., sunk into disrepute, discredited.

déconsidérer, v.a., to bring into disrepute, to discredit.

se déconsidérer, v.r., to fall, to sink, into disrepute.

déconstruire, v.a., to take to pieces; to unbuild, to demolish, to pull down; to decompose; (gram.) to construct badly. — des vers; to turn verse into prose.

décontenancé, -e, part., out of countenance, abashed.

décontenancer, v.a., to abash, to put out of countenance.

se décontenancer, v.r., to be put out of countenance, to be abashed.

déconvenue, n.f., discomfiture, disaster, mishap, failure.

décor, n.m., decoration, ornamental painting; (paint.) graining. pl., (theat.) scenery. — en bois; graining in imitation of wood. Peintre en —s; grainer.

décorateur, n.m., ornamental painter, decorator; scene-painter; grainer.

décorati-f, -ve, adj., decorative, ornamental.

décoration, n.f., decoration, embellishment; star; star of the order of the Legion of Honor. pl., scenery. Porter une —; to wear the star of an order.

décorder, v.a., to untwist, to untwine.

décoré, -e, part., knighted; decorated; wearing the insignia of some order of knighthood.

décoré, n.m., knight; knight of the Legion of Honor.

décorer, v.a., to decorate, to ornament, to adorn; to dignify; to trim; to set off; to confer (titles, honors); to confer the knighthood of the Legion of Honor; to paint. — d’un ordre; to confer an order. Se — d’un titre; to assume a title.

décorner, v.a., to unhorn. — un livre; to undo the dog’s ear of. — une carte; to turn the corner of.

décortication, n.f., stripping off bark, decortication; pulping, husking, barking.

décortiquer, v.a., to decorticate, to bark, to husk.

décorum (-rom), n.m., decorum, propriety, decency. Observer le —; to observe proprieties. C’est pour garder le —; it is for decency’s sake. Blesser le —; to offend against the laws of decorum.

découcher, v.n., to sleep out; to stay out all night.

découcher, v.a., to turn out of bed.

découdre, v.a., to unsew, to unstitch, to rip up.

se découdre, v.r., to come unsewed, unstitched.

découdre, v.n., to contend. Ils veulent en —; they are bent on coming to blows, or fighting it out.

découlant, -e, adj., flowing, running.

découlement (-kool-mān), n.m., flowing, running, dropping, trickling.

découler, v.n., to trickle, to flow, to run; to spring from, to proceed. La sueur découlait de son visage; the perspiration was running down his face. C’est de Dieu que les grâces découlent; all blessings flow from God.

découpage, n.m., (tech.) cutting out, carving out. — à l’emporte-pièce; punching.

découpé, -e, part., (paint.) cut out; (bot.) cut; standing out, defined, sharp, clear (of a landscape).

découpé, n.m., (hort.) mingled bed, parterre.

découper, v.a., to cut into pieces, into shreds; to cut up, to carve; to pink, to slash; to cut out. — un poulet; to carve a fowl. — une jupe; to slash a petticoat. — des figures; to cut out figures.

se découper, v.r., to stand out, to show up against.

découpeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., carver, pinker, cutter.

découple or découpler, n.m., (hunt.) uncoupling, unleashing of dogs.

découplé, -e, part., uncoupled; strapping. C’est un gaillard bien —; he is a strapping fellow. Une fille bien —e; a well-set girl.

découpler, v.a., to uncouple, to unleash, to let loose.

découpoir, n.m., (tech.) punch, stamping-machine, stamping press; butler’s tray.

découpure, n.f., cutting out, pinking, work cut out; cut paper-work.

décourageant, -e (-jān, -t), adj., discouraging, disheartening.

découragement (-raj-mān), n.m., discouragement; despondency. Tomber dans le —; to become discouraged.

décourager, v.a., to discourage, to dishearten, to daunt, to deter.

se décourager, v.r., to be discouraged, disheartened. Il y a de quoi se —; it is enough to dishearten one.

décourant, -e, adj. V. décurrent.

décourber, v.a., to unyoke barge horses; to unbend, to straighten.

découronner, v.a., to discrown, to lay bare. — une hauteur; to sweep the top of a hill (of troops).

décours, n.m., decrease; wane (of the moon).

décousu, -e, part., adj., unsewed, unstitched, ripped; (of style, etc.) desultory, loose, unconnected. Style —; desultory style. Des idées —es; unconnected ideas.

décousure, n.f., seam-rent; (hunt.) gash (by a wild boar).

découvert, -e, part., uncovered, detected, plain; discovered, open; unguarded; undecked (of boats). Une allée —e; an open walk. Un pays —; an open country. À —; in the open, exposed to the fire of the enemy; unprotected; barefaced; (com.) overdrawn. Être à —; (com.) to have no security, to be unsecured; to be overdrawn.

découvert, n.m., (com.) uncovered balance, overdraft, deficit.

découverte, n.f., discovery, detection; (nav.) lookout; (milit.) reconnoitering. Aller à la —; to scout. Envoyer à la — de; to send to reconnoiter.

découvreur, n.m., discoverer.

découvrir, v.a., to uncover, to expose, to lay bare, to bare, to unmuffle, to unroof; to see, to spy out, to discover, to disclose; to unveil; to find out, to descry, to discern; to detect. — les racines d’un arbre; to lay bare the roots of a tree. — son jeu; to show one’s cards; to betray oneself. Je lui ai découvert mon cœur; I opened my heart to him. — une mine d’or; to discover a gold mine. — le pot aux roses; to find out the intrigue, the mystery.

se découvrir, v.r., to uncover oneself, to unbosom oneself; to expose oneself; to be detected; to make oneself known, to betray oneself; to clear up (of the sky).

décramponner, v.a., to uncramp, to loosen.

se décramponner, v.r., to let go one’s hold.

décrasse-peigne, n.m., comb-cleaner, comb-brush.

décrasser, v.a., to take off the dirt, to clean, to scour, to polish. — la tête; to clean the head. Il faut — ce jeune homme; that young man requires brushing up.

se décrasser, v.r., to wash, to clean oneself; to polish oneself, to become polished.

décréditement (-dit-mān), n.m., discrediting, discredit; disrepute.

décréditer, v.a., to discredit, to disgrace, to bring into discredit or disrepute.

se décréditer, v.r., to sink into discredit, to lose one’s credit or reputation.

décrépi, -e, adj., unplastered.

décrépir, v.a., (mas.) to unplaster.

décrépissage, n.m., (mas.) unplastering.

décrépit, -e, adj., decrepit, broken-down.

décrépitation, n.f., decrepitation, crackling.

décrépiter, v.n., to decrepitate, to crackle.

décrépitude, n.f., decrepitude.

décret, n.m., decree, fiat, order, enactment; ☉(jur.) writ; order in council.

décrétale, n.f., decretal.

décréter, v.a., to decree, to order, to enact; ☉(jur.) to issue a writ against.

décreusage, n.m., ungumming (of silk).

décreuser, v.a., to ungum.

décri, n.m., crying down, prohibition; disrepute, discredit.

décrier, v.a., to decry, to cry down, to run down; to discredit, to bring into disrepute.

se décrier, v.r., to bring one’s self into disrepute; to cry one another down.

décrire, v.a., to describe, to trace, to draw.

se décrire, v.r., to be described.

décrocher, v.a., to unhook, to take down.

se décrocher, v.r., to become unhooked.

décroire, v.a., to disbelieve, to discredit.

décroisement, n.m., uncrossing.

décroiser, v.a., to uncross.

décroissance, n.f. V. décroissement.

décroissant, -e, adj., decreasing, diminishing; decrescent; (math.) descending.

décroissement (-kroas-mān), n.m., decrease, diminution, wane.

décroître, v.n., to decrease, to diminish, to wane; to draw in (of days); to come down (in life).

décrottage, n.m., cleaning of boots, trowsers.

décrotter, v.a., to rub off the dirt, to clean, to brush off.

se décrotter, v.r., to clean or brush one’s self.

décrotteur, n.m., shoe-boy, shoe-black.

décrottoir, n.m., a scraper (for shoes).

décrottoire, n.f., shoe-brush, hard brush.

décrue, n.f., decrease; fall (of water). La crue et la — de l’eau; the rise and fall of water.

décruer, v.a., (dy.) to scour (silk).

décrûment, n.m., (dy.) scouring.

décrusement or décrusage, n.m., (dy.) ungumming.

décruser, v.a., to ungum.

déçu, -e, part., deceived; frustrated.

décuire, v.a., to thin (syrup). Ce sirop est trop épais, il faut le —; this syrup is too thick, it must be thinned.

déculassement, n.m., unbreeching.

déculasser, v.a., to unbreech (a gun).

décuple, adj., tenfold, decuple.

décuple, n.m., decuple, tenfold. Il a gagné le — de ce qu’il avait avancé; he has gained ten times as much as he laid out.

décupler, v.a., to increase tenfold.

décurie, n.f., (antiq.) decury.

décurion, n.m., (antiq.) decurion.

décurrent, -e, adj., (bot.) decurrent.

décursi-f, -ve, adj., decursive.

décussation, n.f., decussation.

décuvage, n.m., or décuvaison, n.f., tunning (of wine).

décuver, v.a., to tun.

*dédaigner, v.a., to disdain, to scorn, to despise, to slight, to disregard, to turn up one’s nose at.

*dédaigneusement (-eûz-mān), adv., disdainfully, scornfully.

*dédaigneu-x, -se, adj., disdainful, scornful; regardless, careless of. Faire le —; to turn up one’s nose at.

dédain, n.m., disdain, scorn, disregard. Prendre en —; to conceive a dislike for.

dédale, n.m., labyrinth, maze.

dédamer, v.n., to displace a man (at draughts). v.a., to uncrown a king.

dedans, adv., within, in; inside. Il est là-dedans; he is within. En —; on the inside, within. Sa porte était fermée en —; his door was fastened inside. Donner —; to fall into the trap. Être —; to be in for it. Mettre quelqu’un —; to take any one in. Se mettre —; to get taken in, to get into a scrape. De —; from within. Par —; within, inside. Être tout en —; to be uncommunicative, reticent, close.

dedans, n.m., inside; interior. Du — au dehors; from within outwards. Au — et au dehors; at home and abroad.

dédicace, n.f., dedication, consecration; inscription.

dédicatoire, adj., dedicatory.

dédier, v.a., to dedicate, to consecrate; to devote; to inscribe.

dédire, v.a., to gainsay, to unsay, to contradict, to disown.

se dédire, v.r., to recant, to retract, to unsay what one has said; to go back from one’s word, to recede. Se — de sa promesse; to revoke one’s promise. Il ne peut s’en —; he cannot go back on it or back out of it.

dédit, n.m., unsaying; forfeit, forfeiture; retraction; deed stipulating forfeiture. Au — de; on the forfeiture of. Avoir son dit et son —; to say yes one day and no the next.

dédommagement (-maj-mān), n.m., indemnification; compensation, damages, amends, indemnity.

dédommager, v.a., to indemnify, to make amends, to make good; to compensate, to make up for.

se dédommager, v.r., to indemnify one’s self, to recoup one’s self.

dédorer, v.a., to ungild. Jeunesse dédorée; degenerate youth.

se dédorer, v.r., to lose its gilt (of metal, etc.).

dédoublé, n.m., diluted alcohol.

dédoublement or dédoublage, n.m., dividing into two; unlining; diluting.

dédoubler, v.a., to take out the lining; to divide into two; to dilute; (nav.) to unsheath (a vessel). — une pierre; to cut a stone into two parts lengthwise.

se dédoubler, v.r., to become unlined, to be unfolded; to be divided into two; to be diluted; (nav.) to be unsheathed.

déduction, n.f., deduction; set off; inference; taking from, defalcation; (obsol.) enumeration, recital.

déduire (déduisant, déduit), v.a., to take from, to deduct, to subtract; to draw from, to deduce, to infer.

☉déduit, n.m., amusement, pleasure, pastime.

déesse, n.f., goddess, female deity.

défâcher, v.a., to pacify.

se défâcher, v.r., to be pacified or pleased again, to cool down; to cease to be angry. S’il est fâché, qu’il se défâche; if he is angry, let him cool down again.

défaçonner, v.a., to put out of shape; to spoil any one’s manners.

se défaçonner, v.r., to get out of shape; to lose one’s good manners.

*défaillance, n.f., fainting fit, swoon; exhaustion; extinction (of a family); ☉(chem.) deliquescence. Tomber en —; to fall into a swoon; (jur.) default.

*défaillant, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) defaulter.

*défaillant, -e, adj., falling off; decaying; without heirs; weak, feeble; faltering, unsteady.

*défaillir, v.n., to grow faint and weak, to fail, to sink; to decay; to swoon, to faint away. Ses forces défaillent tous les jours; his strength fails him every day. Il se sent —; he feels himself sinking. Je me sentis —; I felt I was going to faint.

défaire, v.a., to undo, to unmake; to take asunder; to unpin; to unrip; to unknit; to make away with; to defeat, to rout; to eclipse, to obscure; to emaciate, to make lean, to waste; to discompose, to alter; to free, to deliver, to rid. — une malle; to unpack a trunk. — un nœud; to untie a knot. Sa maladie l’a bien défait; his illness has given him a worn appearance. Défaites-moi de cet importun; rid me of that troublesome fellow. — un marché, — un mariage; to annul, break off, a bargain, a marriage.

se défaire, v.r., to rid one’s self, to get rid of, to get quit of, to ease one’s self of, to make away, to forsake, to leave off; to come undone, to become loose; to lose strength and quality (of wine). Se — de son ennemi; to dispatch one’s enemy. Se — d’un vice; to throw off a vice. Se — d’une mauvaise habitude; to break one’s self of a bad habit. Défaites-vous de vos préjugés; shake off your prejudices. Se — de sa marchandise; to sell off one’s wares. Se — d’un bénéfice; to give up a living. Se — d’un cheval; to part with a horse. Se — d’un domestique; to discharge a servant. Ce vin se défait; this wine is losing its flavor.

défait, -e, part., undone, defeated; meager, lean, wasted; pale; worn out, wan.

défaite, n.f., defeat, overthrow; (com.) sale; evasion, shift, put-off, sham, pretense. Ces marchandises-là sont de bonne —; those goods command a ready sale. La — est ingénieuse; that is an ingenious evasion. C’est une —; that is a mere put-off.

défalcation, n.f., defalcation, deduction.

défalquer, v.a., to take off, to defalcate, to deduct.

défausser, v.a., to straighten.

se défausser, v.r., (at cards) to get rid of useless cards, or to play a card of another suit.

défaut, n.m., defect; fault; flaw, blemish; want; shortcoming; default. Chacun a ses —s; every one has his defects. Il n’y a personne sans —; there is no man but has his faults. Cette pièce de porcelaine a un —; there is a flaw in that piece of china. Le — de blé, de subsistances; want of corn, of victuals. C’est là le — de la cuirasse; that’s his weak point. Condamner par —; to cast for non-appearance. Jugement par —; judgment by default. Les chiens sont en —; the hounds have lost the scent. Trouver quelqu’un en —; to find any one at fault. Mettre quelqu’un en —; to baffle, to foil any one, to throw off the scent. Au —, à — de; in default of, for want of. Faire —; to be wanting; to fail; to be missed.

défaveur, n.f., disfavor, disgrace, discredit.

défavorable, adj., unfavorable, disparaging.

défavorablement, adv., unfavorably; disparagingly.

défécation, n.f., (pharm.) defecation. Matière à —; temper (of sugar).

défecti-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) defective.

défection, n.f., defection, falling off, disloyalty.

défectivité, n.f., (gram.) defectiveness.

défectueusement (-eûz-mān), adv., defectively.

défectueu-x, -se, adj., defective, imperfect.

défectuosité, n.f., defect, imperfection, flaw.

défendable, adj., defensible, tenable.

défendant, part., defending. Il l’a tué à son corps —; he killed him in self-defense. Faire une chose à son corps —; to do a thing reluctantly, in self-defense.

défende-ur, n.m., -resse, n.f., (jur.) defendant; respondent.

défendre, v.a., to defend, to protect; to shelter, to shield, to support, to uphold, to vindicate; to forbid, to prohibit. — son ami; to defend one’s friend. On a défendu le port des armes; the carrying of arms is prohibited. La raison nous défend de faire une injustice; reason forbids us to do an injustice. — sa maison à quelqu’un; to forbid any one the house.

défendre, v.n., (jur.) to defend. Il a été condamné faute de —; he was cast for want of being defended; (nav.) to fend off.

se défendre, v.r., to defend one’s self; to excuse one’s self from doing a thing; to clear one’s self; to deny a thing; to keep, to shield one’s self from; to help, to forbear. Cet accusé a voulu se — lui-même; that prisoner wanted to conduct his own defense. Il ne peut se — de tant de reproches; he cannot clear himself from so many imputations. Ne pas s’en —; to acknowledge, admit anything. Je ne m’en défends pas; I admit it, own it.

défens, n.m., (forestry) defense (of forests).

défendures, n.f.pl., hurdles, fences.

défense, n.f., defense, protection; prohibition, interdiction; apology, vindication, justification; warning, notice; task; (nav.) fender; skid; boom. pl., (fort.) outwork, defense; tusk, fang (of boars); tusk (elephants). Se mettre en —; to stand upon one’s defense. Être hors de —; not to be in a condition to defend one’s self. Bois en —; a wood so far grown that cattle may be let into it without danger to the trees. Cordes de —; fenders of junk or old cable. Faire —; to forbid, to prohibit. Preuves alléguées pour la — d’une cause; plea. Donner ses —s; to answer. Arrêt de —; decree to suspend the execution of a former decree. Armé, muni, de —s; tusked, fanged (of boars, elephants). — d’entrer; no admittance except on business. — de fumer; no smoking allowed. — d’uriner; commit no nuisance.

défenseur, n.m., defender, supporter, vindicator, advocate; defender, counsel. Un — nommé d’office; a defender appointed by the court.

défensi-f, -ve, adj., defensive.

défensive, n.f., safeguard, defensive. Se tenir sur la —; to stand upon the defensive.

déféquer, v.a., to defecate.

déférant, -e, adj., complying, condescending, yielding.

déférence, n.f., deference, regard, respect.

déférent, adj.m., deferent. Cercle —; (anc. astron.) deferent. Canal —; (anat.) deferent.

déférer, v.a., to confer, to bestow; to tender, to inform against. — le serment à quelqu’un; to tender an oath to, to bring before any one, to put any one on his oath. — quelqu’un en justice; to impeach any one in court. — quelqu’un à l’inquisition; to report any one to the inquisition.

déférer, v.n., to defer, to yield, to comply, to condescend. — aux sentiments des autres; to defer to the sentiments of others. — à quelqu’un; to pay deference to one.

déferler, v.a., (nav.) to unfurl.

déferler, v.n., to break into foam, to roll in (of the sea). La lame déferle; the wave bursts into foam, rolls in shore.

déferrer, v.a., to unshoe (a horse); to nonplus, to confound.

se déferrer, v.r., to come off, to fall off, to lose a shoe; to be nonplused or confounded. Mon lacet se déferre; the tag is coming off my lace.

défet, n.m., waste sheet (in bookselling).

*défeuillaison, n.f., defoliation.

*défeuiller, v.a., to take off the leaves. Le vent a défeuillé les arbres; the wind has blown off the leaves.

se défeuiller, v.r., to lose, to shed their leaves (of trees). Les arbres se défeuillent; the trees are losing, shedding their leaves.

défi, n.m., defiance, challenge. Un cartel de —; a written challenge. Envoyer un — à quelqu’un; to send any one a challenge. Je lui ai fait un — aux échecs; I challenged him to a game at chess. Mettre au —; to set at defiance.

défiance, n.f., distrust, mistrust; diffidence, caution. Concevoir de la —; to entertain distrust. Être dans la —; to have one’s misgivings. Une sotte — le retient; he is held back by a foolish diffidence.

défiant, -e, adj., distrustful, mistrustful, suspicious.

déficient, -e, adj., (arith.) deficient.

déficit (-sit), n.m., deficit, deficiency. Combler le —; to make up the deficit.

défier, v.a., to defy, to challenge; to brave, to face, to dare; to set at defiance. — quelqu’un au trictrac; to challenge any one to play at backgammon. — les dangers, to face dangers. Il ne faut jamais — un fou; never bid defiance to a madman. Je vous défie de m’en donner la preuve; I defy you to give me a proof of it.

défier, v.n., (nav.) to bear off, to fend.

se défier, v.r., to defy, to challenge, each other; to distrust, to mistrust; to suspect. Je me défie de cet homme; I distrust that man. Se — de ses forces; to distrust one’s own strength. Se — de soi-même; to distrust one’s self.

défigurement, n.m., disfigurement; defacement.

défigurer, v.a., to disfigure, to mar, to distort, to spoil. La petite vérole l’a tout défiguré; the small-pox has quite disfigured him. — la vérité; to distort the truth.

se défigurer, v.r., to disfigure one’s self, to become disfigured, to become deformed.

défilade, n.f., filing past; going off or past; marching past.

défilé, n.m., defile, narrow pass; strait, difficulty; (milit.) defiling, filing off or past, marching past. Je ne vois aucun moyen de sortir de ce —; I see no way of getting out of this difficulty.

défilement, n.m., filing off, marching past or going past; (fort.) defilading.

défiler, v.a., to unstring, to unthread; to untwist. — des perles; to unstring pearls. — son chapelet; to say all one has to say (on a subject). Elle a défilé son chapelet; she has given up devotion. Le chapelet se défile; the association is falling to pieces. — un ouvrage; (fort.) to defilade.

défiler, v.n., to defile, to file off, march past, go past. Les soldats ne pouvaient — que deux à deux; the soldiers could only go past two by two.

défiler, n.m., (milit., l.u.) filing off, marching past.

défini, n.m., the definite.

défini, -e, part., determined, definite, defined. Nombre —; definite number.

définir, v.a., to define, to determine; to decide; to explain, to describe. — une personne; to give an idea of a person. Se —; to be defined, to be determined, to be made out.

définissable, adj., definable.

définisseur, n.m., definer.

définiteur, n.m., definitor (in convents).

définiti-f, -ve, adj., definitive, final; ultimate, eventual, peremptory, positive. En —ve; definitively, after all, in short. En —ve, que voulez-vous? in a word, what do you want?

définition, n.f., definition; decision, determination. Faire une —; to give a definition.

définitivement (-tiv-mān), adv., definitively, positively, decidedly, ultimately, eventually.

définitoire, n.m., chapter (of monks).

déflagration, n.f., (chem.) deflagration.

défléchi, -e, adj., turned aside, deflected.

défléchir, v.n., to turn from or aside, to deflect.

se défléchir, v.r., to deflect.

déflegmation, n.f., (chem.) dephlegmation.

déflegmer, v.a., (chem.) to dephlegmate.

défleuraison, n.f., fall of the blossom.

défleurir, v.n., to shed blossoms.

défleurir, v.a., to nip or strip off blossoms; to take off the bloom of fruit (by handling it).

déflexion, n.f., (phys.) deviation, deflection.

défloration, n.f., defloration.

déflorer, v.a., to deflour, to deflower. — un sujet; to take the freshness off a subject.

☉défluer, v.n., (astrol.) to flow, to recede.

défonçage, n.m., (agri.) subsoil plowing; trenching.

défoncé, -e, part., broken, battered in. Chemin —; broken road.

défoncement (-fons-mān), n.m., (tech.) staving in, beating in of the head of casks; (agri.) digging up; deep plowing.

défoncer, v.a., to stave in (a cask); to bilge; to cut up; to knock in (the head of a cask). — un terrain; to dig up, to trench ground. — une peau; to dip a hide. — un chapeau; to batter in a hat.

se défoncer, v.r., to give way at the bottom; to break up (of roads); to get cut up.

déformation, n.f., deformation.

déformé, -e, adj., deformed, out of shape.

déformer, v.a., to put out of form, to throw out of shape.

se déformer, v.r., to lose the proper form or shape, to get out of shape. Sa taille se déforme; her figure is losing its shape, its litheness.

défortifier, v.a., to dismantle.

se défortifier, v.r., to get dismantled.

défouetter, v.a., (book-bind.) to untie.

défournement, n.m., drawing out of the oven.

défourner, v.a., to draw out of an oven. — le pain; to draw the batch.

défourrer, v.a., (nav.) to unwrap, to take off the envelope.

défrai, n.m., (pop.) defraying, settling expenses.

défraîchi, adj., no longer fresh; faded.

défraîchir, v.a., to destroy, to take off, the brilliancy, gloss, or freshness of a thing.

se défraîchir, v.r., to lose its brilliancy, freshness.

défranciser, v.a., to unfrenchify.

défrayement, n.m., defraying.

défrayer, v.a., to defray, to bear, the cost of; to amuse; to be the laughing-stock of. — la compagnie; to be the laughing-stock of the company.

défrayeur, n.m., defrayer.

défrichage or défrichement (-frish-mān), n.m., clearing, grubbing up; land so cleared. Faire le — d’un terrain; to clear a piece of ground. Ce — est en plein rapport cette année; this piece of cleared land is in full bearing this year.

défriché, adj., cleared (of land).

défricher, v.a., to clear, to grub up; to unravel (l.u.). — un champ; to clear a field.

défricheur, n.m., clearer, digger.

défrisement (-friz-mān), n.m., uncurling.

défriser, v.a., to uncurl, to put out of curl; (pop.) to disappoint, to ruffle.

se défriser, v.r., to uncurl, come out of curl.

défroncement, n.m., unplaiting, unfolding.

défroncer, v.a., to undo gathers, folds, or plaits; to unknit (the brows). — le sourcil; to smooth one’s brow.

défroque, n.f., old clothes; old things, effects; cast-off clothes.

défroquer, v.a., to unfrock.

se défroquer, v.r., to forsake, to renounce one’s order (of monks).

défruiter, v.a., to strip of its fruit.

défuner, v.a., (nav.) to strip (a mast).

défunt, -e, adj., defunct, deceased, late. Les enfants du —; the deceased’s children.

dégagé, -e, part., disengaged; redeemed (of a pledge); flippant; bold; easy; slender, graceful. Chambre —e; room that has a back-door. Escalier —; back stairs. Taille —e; free, easy figure (pers.). Air —; free, easy way or manner.

dégagement (-gaj-mān), n.m., redeeming, disengagement, clearance; (fenc.) disengaging; release, liberation, discharge. Le — d’effets déposés au mont-de-piété; the redeeming of articles at the pawnbroker’s. Le — de sa parole; the calling in of one’s word. Le — de la voie publique; the clearing of the street. Le — de la poitrine; the easing of the chest. Escalier de —; private staircase. Tuyau de —; waste pipe.

dégager, v.a., to redeem; to take out of pawn; to free, to clear, to disengage, to extricate, to disentangle, to separate; to evolve; to deliver, to rescue. — sa parole; to redeem one’s word; to withdraw one’s word. — quelqu’un de sa parole; to release any one from his word. — une porte; to clear a doorway. — la tête, la poitrine; to ease, relieve, or lighten the head, the chest. Il l’a dégagé de ses ennemis; he rescued him from his enemies. Je le dégageai de ses liens; I freed him from his bonds. — le fer; (fenc.) to disengage. Cet habit dégage la taille; that coat shows off the figure to advantage. — les cheveux; to disentangle the hair.

se dégager, v.r., to be cleared from; to extricate, to disengage, to free, to disentangle, to loose one’s self; to break loose; to get away, to get clear; (chem.) to be evolved.

dégaine, n.f., (fam.) awkwardness; ridiculous manners, deportment, awkward gait, &c. Quelle —! what a figure for you.

dégainer, n.m., unsheathing, drawing (of a sword). Être brave jusqu’au —; to be brave till it comes to the push.

dégainer, v.a., to draw, to unsheath one’s sword; to fork out.

dégaineur, n.m., fighter, bully, quarrelsome fellow, professed duelist.

dégaler, v.a., to pick clean (of skins).

dégalonner, v.a., to unlace, unstrip.

déganter, v.a., to pull off gloves.

se déganter, v.r., to take off one’s gloves.

dégarni, -e, adj., unfinished; bare, naked; empty.

dégarnir, v.a., to untrim, to unfurnish, to strip; to thin; to uncover; to dismantle. — une chambre, une maison; to unfurnish a room, a house. — le cabestan; (nav.) to unring the capstan. — un vaisseau de ses agrès; to strip a vessel of its rigging. — un arbre; to thin a tree. — une robe; to untrim a gown.

se dégarnir, v.r., to strip one’s self; to empty, become empty; to grow thin; to lose; to part with; to wear lighter clothes. Sa tête se dégarnit; his hair is growing thin. La salle se dégarnit; the house is getting empty. Il ne faut pas trop se hâter de se —; people should not be in too great a hurry to put on lighter clothing.

dégasconner, v.a., to teach a Gascon to speak good French, to acquire French manners, &c.

se dégasconner, v.r., to lose the Gascon accent.

dégât, n.m., havoc, damage, depredation, waste, ravage. La grêle a fait un grand —; the hail has caused great havoc. Faire le —; to ravage.

dégauchi, -e, adj., planed, smoothed, straightened.

dégauchir, v.a., to smooth, to plane, to level, to straighten; to form, to polish. — un jeune homme; to polish a young man.

dégauchissage or dégauchissement (-shis-mān), n.m., planing, straightening, leveling, smoothing.

dégazer, v.a., (chem.) to free from gas.

dégazonnement, n.m., unturfing.

dégazonner, v.a., to unturf.

dégel, n.m., thaw. Avoir du —; to have a thaw. Être au —; to be thawing (of the weather). Le vent est au —; the wind will bring on a thaw.

dégeler (dé-jlé), v.a.n., to thaw.

se dégeler, v.r., to thaw.

☉dégénérat-eur, -rice, adj., degenerating.

dégénération, n.f., degeneration; degeneracy, deterioration.

dégénérer, v.n., to decline, to degenerate, to fall away (from). — de ses ancêtres; to degenerate from one’s ancestors.

dégénérescence, n.f., (med.). V. dégénération.

dégénérescent, -e, adj., degenerating.

dégingandé, -e, adj., tottering; awkward; gawky; swinging in one’s gait; clumsy; ill-formed; unconnected; disjointed.

se dégingander, v.r., to get out of shape; to swing about.

dégîter, v.a., (hunt.) to dislodge, to start.

dégluer, v.a., to take off the bird-lime; to unglue.

se dégluer, v.r., to get rid of bird-lime; to get unglued or cleared (of the eyes).

déglutition, n.f., deglutition, swallowing.

*dégobiller, v.a., (l.ex.) to bring up; to puke, to spew, to vomit, to throw up.

*dégobillis, n.m., (l.ex.) vomit, spew.

dégoiser, v.a.n., ☉to chirp, to twitter; to rattle; to blab out; to chatter; to prattle. En dégoise-t-elle! how she does rattle on, to be sure! Il a dégoisé tout ce qu’il sait; he blabbed out all he knew.

dégommage, n.m., ungumming.

dégommer, v.a., (dy.) to wash out the gum; (pop.) to turn out of office; to oust; to kill.

dégonder, v.a., to unhinge, to take from its hinge.

se dégonder, v.r., to come unhinged, to come off its hinges.

dégonflement, n.m., subsiding, falling, collapsing; reduction.

dégonfler, v.a., to cause a thing to collapse, to reduce a swelling; to discharge the gas from a balloon.

se dégonfler, v.r., to go down, to be reduced, to subside, to unbosom one’s self.

dégor, n.m., a discharging tube.

dégorgement, n.m., breaking out, overflowing; unstopping; outfall, outflow. — d’un tuyau; cleansing, unstopping of a pipe.

dégorgeoir (-joar), n.m., priming-iron, vent-bit (for guns); outlet, issue; spout.

dégorger, v.a., to clear, to open; to cleanse, to scour.

dégorger, v.n., to discharge one’s self, to overflow. Faire —; to purge (fish); (fig.) to make any one stump up.

se dégorger, v.r., to discharge, to empty itself; to get unstopped, to get clear.

dégoter, v.a., (pop.) to knock down; to oust, to displace, to push off.

dégourdi, -e, adj., quick, sharp, acute, shrewd (pers.); tepid (water). C’est un homme bien —; he is a shrewd fellow.

dégourdi, n.m., -e, n.f., quick, sharp, acute, shrewd man or boy; pert, forward woman or girl.

dégourdir, v.a., to quicken, to revive; to sharpen, to render shrewd; to polish. — ses jambes; to stretch one’s limbs. Faire — de l’eau; to take the chill off water. — un jeune homme; to polish a young man.

se dégourdir, v.r., to remove the numbness from; to lose the numbness of; to stretch one’s self; to become sharp, polished, shrewd; to brighten up.

dégourdissement (-dis-mān), n.m., removal of numbness; return of circulation; quickening, reviving.

dégoût, n.m., disgust, disrelish, loathing; dislike, distaste; mortification. Il lui a pris du — pour la viande; he has taken a dislike to meat. Avoir du — pour la vie; to be disgusted with life. On lui a donné bien des —s; they made him swallow many a bitter pill.

dégoûtant, -e, adj., disgusting, loathsome, distasteful, nauseous, sickening; unpleasant, disheartening. Plaie —; disgusting sore.

dégoûté, -e, n. and adj., fastidious person, fastidious. Faire le —; to be squeamish, fastidious. C’est un bon —; he likes good things. Vous n’êtes pas —! you’re not at all particular! I should rather think so!

dégoûter, v.a., to disgust; to put out of conceit. Cela est bien fait pour — quelqu’un du métier; that is well calculated to disgust any one with the trade. Il est dégoûté de la vie; he is disgusted with life.

se dégoûter, v.r., to take a disgust, a dislike, a distaste to; to nauseate, to dislike, to lose courage, to be disheartened.

dégouttant, -e, adj., dropping, dripping.

dégouttement, n.m., dripping, falling in drops.

dégoutter, v.n., to drop, to trickle, to drip, to dribble. La sueur lui dégouttait du front; the perspiration was rolling off his forehead. Faire — du beurre sur de la viande; to drip butter upon meat.

dégradant, -e, adj., degrading, debasing.

dégradation, n.f., degradation; (mil.) cashiering, drumming out; damage, dilapidation; (jur.) waste; (paint.) diminution of light and shade.

dégrader, v.a., to debase, to degrade, to deface, to strip; (paint.) to diminish the light and shade; to damage, to dilapidate; (mil.) to cashier, to drum out. — un bois, une maison; to damage a wood, a house. Le temps a dégradé ce monument; time has defaced that monument.

se dégrader, v.r., to degrade, to debase, to disgrace one’s self; to become damaged, defaced, dilapidated; (jur.) to waste.

dégrafer, v.a., to unclasp, to unhook.

se dégrafer, v.r., to become unhooked, unfastened (of garments); to unbutton, unhook, unfasten one’s clothes.

dégraissage or dégraissement, n.m., cleaning, scouring.

dégraisser, v.a., to scour, to remove greasy stains; to fleece any one; to impoverish land, to carry off the soil; (carp.) to beard, to thin; (cook.) to remove fat. — un bouillon; to skim the fat off broth. — un habit; to clean a coat. La poudre dégraisse les cheveux; powder cleans the hair. Terre à —; fuller’s earth. Les ravines dégraissent les terres; torrents impoverish land (by carrying off the soil).

dégraisseur, n.m., scourer, cleaner.

dégraissis, n.m., scourings.

dégraissoir, n.m., scraper.

dégravoiement or dégravoîment, n.m., (arch.) baring, laying bare (by water).

dégravoyer, v.a., (arch.) to wash away, to bare, to lay bare (of water).

degré, n.m., step, stair, staircase; stage, grade, gradation; degree, point, extent, pitch; (astron., geol., gram., math., phys.) degree; (of universities) degree. À un très haut —; to a very great extent. Par —s; gradually. Au suprême —; in the highest degree.

dégréement, n.m., (nav.) unrigging.

dégréer, v.a., (nav.) to unrig. — un mât; to strip a mast.

dégrèvement (-grèv-mān), n.m., reduction, relief; disencumbrance; redemption.

dégrever, v.a., to diminish, to reduce (a tax); to disencumber, to free, to redeem.

dégringolade, n.f., fall, tumble.

dégringoler, v.n., to run down, to tumble down; to topple down or over; to go from bad to worse; to go to the dogs.

dégrisement (-griz-mān), n.m., (fam.) sobering, getting sober; cooling down.

dégriser, v.a., to sober; to cool, to bring to one’s senses.

se dégriser, v.r., to sober down; to come to one’s senses; to cool down; to lose one’s illusions.

dégrossage, n.m., drawing fine; (wire-drawing) reducing, thinning.

dégrosser, v.a., to reduce; to thin (ingots).

dégrossi, n.m., (arts) roughing, rough-hewing, roughing down; dressing, drawing.

dégrossir, v.a., to chip, to chip off the grosser parts; to rough-hew, to hew down; to clear up, to unravel; to make a rough sketch of. — un bloc de marbre; to chip a block of marble.

dégrossissage, n.m., (arts) roughing, rough-hewing; roughening down; (carp.) dressing, trimming.

*déguenillé, -e (dég-ni-ié), n.m.f. and adj., tatterdemalion, ragged person; tattered, ragged, in rags. Un grand —; a big tatterdemalion. Quelle est cette petite —e? who is that little girl in rags and tatters? Elle était toute —e; she was in rags and tatters. Un habit —; a ragged coat.

déguerpir, v.a., (jur.) to quit, to give up.

déguerpir (-ghèr-), v.n., to pack off, to move off; to be gone. Je le ferai bien —; I’ll make him pack off. — au plus vite; to be gone as fast as possible.

déguerpissement (-ghèr-pis-mān), n.m., (jur.) quitting; yielding, giving over, departure, removal.

dégueuler (-gheu-), v.n., (l.ex.) to spew, to vomit.

*déguignonner (-ghi-), v.a., to change ill-luck, to bring better luck to.

déguisement (-ghiz-mān), n.m., concealment, disguise. Parlez sans —; speak openly.

déguisable, adj., disguisable, concealable.

déguiser (-ghi-), v.a., to disguise, to conceal, to hide. On le déguisa en femme; they disguised him as a woman.

se déguiser, v.r., to disguise one’s self; to conceal from one’s self.

dégustateur, n.m., taster (of wines).

dégustation, n.f., tasting (of wines).

déguster, v.a., to taste (wines); to sip. Se —; to be tasted, to be sipped.

déhaler, v.n., (nav.) to tow out or back out.

déhâler, v.a., to take off sun-burns.

se déhâler, v.r., to clear one’s complexion.

déhanché, -e, adj., hipped, hipshot; (fig.) ungainly. n.m.f., hipshot person; ungainly man, woman or girl.

déhanchement, n.m., swinging about; twisting about.

se déhancher, v.r., to waddle, to swing about, to twist one’s body about.

déharnachement (-nash-mān), n.m., unharnessing.

déharnacher, v.a., to unharness.

déhiscence, n.f., (bot.) dehiscence.

déhiscent, -e, adj., (bot.) dehiscent.

déhonté, -e, adj., shameless, unabashed, C’est un homme —; he is a man destitute of shame.

dehors (dĕ-or), adv., out, without, out of doors, abroad, externally; (nav.) out, at sea. En —; without, outside. Au —; outwardly. De —; from without. Au dedans et au —; at home and abroad. Mettre quelqu’un —; to turn any one out of doors.

dehors, n.m., outside, exterior. pl., appearances; (fort.) outworks; dependencies, approaches, grounds (of a house). Sauver les —; to save appearances.

déhortatoire, adj., dehortatory.

déicide, n.m., deicide.

déification, n.f., deification.

déifier, v.a., to deify.

déisme, n.m., deism.

déiste, n.m., deist.

déiste, adj., deistical.

déité, n.f., deity, god, goddess, divinity.

déjà, adv., already, before, yet. Pas — si; not so very, not so great. Pas — tant; not so very much.

déjection, n.f., (med.) dejection; ejection, evacuation.

déjeté, -e, part., adj., warped, sprung.

se déjeter, v.r., to warp (of wood); (med.) to deviate.

déjettement (dé-jèt-mān), n.m., warping; deviation.

déjeuner or déjeuné, n.m., breakfast, breakfast-service. — à la fourchette; meat breakfast. Second —; luncheon. Un — de porcelaine; a porcelain breakfast-service.

déjeuner, v.n., to breakfast.

déjoindre, v.a., to disjoin, to disunite, to sever.

se déjoindre, v.r., to become disjoined, to separate, to part, to come apart.

déjouer, v.a., to baffle, to frustrate, to foil. — un projet; to baffle a project. — quelqu’un; to baffle any one, to foil any one.

déjouer, v.n., (fam.) to play badly; (nav.) to wave, to flutter (of the flag).

déjucher, v.n.a., to unroost, to come down from the roost. Je vous ferai bien — de là; I will make you come down from there.

déjuger, v.a., to judge differently.

se déjuger, v.r., to change, to reverse one’s opinion.

delà, prep., beyond; farther than, on the other side of. Au —, de —, par —, en —; beyond, further on, upwards. Deçà et —; right and left; all about. Jambe deçà, jambe —; one leg this side, the other that side.

délabré, -e, part., tattered, in rags, shabby, seedy; (of things) tumbledown, ramshackle. Une santé —e; shattered health. Un navire —; a dismantled vessel. Terre —e; land gone to waste. Un estomac —; a disordered stomach. Être —; to be all in tatters.

délabrement, n.m., ruin, decay, dilapidation; shabbiness, raggedness.

délabrer, v.a., to shatter, to ruin, to pull to pieces, to destroy, to tear to tatters.

se délabrer, v.r., to fall to tatters, to pieces, to go to ruin; to decay. Tous mes meubles se délabrent; all my furniture is going to wrack and ruin.

délacer, v.a., to unlace. — un corset; to unlace stays.

se délacer, v.r., to unlace one’s self; to come undone (of stays, strings, etc.).

délai, n.m., delay, extension of time, reprieve. User de —s; to put off, to procrastinate. Dans un — de; within (a given time).

délaiement, n.m., diluting.

délaissé, -e, part., abandoned, forlorn, forsaken, friendless. Des orphelins —s; helpless orphans.

délaissement (-lès-mān), n.m., destitution, forlornness, helplessness, desertion; (jur.) abandonment to a mortgagee.

délaisser, v.a., to forsake, to abandon; to cast off, to desert, to leave, to relinquish. Se —; to give up one’s property (in favor of another).

délardement, n.m., (arch.) unlarding; splay, slope, beveling, chamfering.

délarder, v.a., (arch.) to unlard, to splay, to bevel, to chamfer.

délassement (-lâs-mān), n.m., remission of attention or application, relaxation; repose, recreation, diversion.

délasser, v.a., to refresh, to relax, to divert. Le sommeil vous délasse; sleep refreshes one. Un changement d’occupation délasse l’esprit; a change of occupation relaxes the mind.

se délasser, v.r., to refresh one’s self, to rest.

délat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., informer, denouncer, accuser.

délation, n.f., information, denunciation, informing.

délatter, v.a., to unlath.

délavage, n.m., diluting of color (in drawing and water-color painting); soaking.

délavé, -e, adj., weak, pale, dim (of gems); diluted (of colors).

délaver, v.a., to dilute color (in drawing and water-color painting); to soak, imbibe with water.

se délaver, v.r., to become soaked, imbibed with water; to lose color.

délayable, adj., dilutable.

délayage, n.m., diluting, dilution.

délayant, n.m., (med.) diluent.

délayant, -e, adj., (med.) diluent.

délayement (-lè-i-mān), n.m., diluting.

délayer, v.a., to dilute; to temper (lime); to spin out.

déléatur, n.m., (—) (print.) dele.

délectable, adj., delicious, delectable, delightful.

délectablement, adv., deliciously, delightfully.

délectation, n.f., delectation, delight, gratification.

délecter, v.a., (l.u.) to delight.

se délecter, v.r., to take delight. Se — à l’étude; to delight in study.

délégant or délégat-eur, n.m., -e, -rice, n.f., delegator.

délégataire, n.m.f., delegatee.

délégation, n.f., delegation, assignment; proxy.

délégatoire, adj., delegatory.

délégué (-ghé), n.m., delegate, deputy; proxy.

délégué, -e, adj., delegated.

déléguer (-ghé), v.a., to delegate; to assign. — son autorité; to delegate one’s authority.

se déléguer, v.r., to be delegated, assigned.

délestage, n.m., (nav.) unballasting.

délester, v.a., to unballast.

délesteur, n.m., (nav.) ballast-heaver, ballast-lighter.

délétère, adj., deleterious.

délibérant, -e, adj., deliberative.

délibérati-f, -ve, adj., deliberative.

délibération, n.f., deliberation; resolution. Mettre en —; to bring under deliberation.

délibéré, -e, adj., deliberate, bold, decided, resolute. Marcher d’un pas —; to walk resolutely. De propos —; with set purpose, designedly, purposely.

délibéré, n.m., (jur.) deliberation.

délibérément, adv., deliberately, boldly, resolutely.

délibérer, v.n., to deliberate; to determine, to resolve. Il n’y a pas lieu à —; there is no occasion for deliberating. Il en sera délibéré; it shall be taken into consideration.

délicat, -e, adj., delicate, weak, dainty, nice, touchy, fastidious, ticklish. Vous êtes bien —; you are very fastidious. Faire le —; to be fastidious. Affaire —e; ticklish affair. Il est — sur le point d’honneur; he is very tender on points of honor. Il est — sur le manger; he is very dainty.

délicatement (-kat-mān), adv., delicately, daintily, tenderly. Peu —; indelicately.

☉délicater, v.a., to cocker, to fondle, to pamper. V. dorloter.

se délicater, v.r., to nurse one’s self, to indulge one’s self.

délicatesse, n.f., delicacy; tenderness; daintiness, scrupulousness, refinement; nicety (of language); ticklishness; squeamishness; considerateness. pl., dainties. Les —s d’une langue; the niceties of a language. Avoir une grande — de conscience; to have a very scrupulous conscience. Ce serait une — de votre part; it would be very nice of you.

délice, n.m.sing., délices, n.f.pl., delight, pleasure; deliciousness. Goûter les —s de la vie; to enjoy the delights of life. Faire ses —s d’une chose; to delight in a thing. Je faisais les —s de ma mère; I was my mother’s darling.

délicieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., deliciously, delightfully.

délicieu-x, -se, adj., delicious, delightful; capital. Cette histoire est —se; that’s a capital story.

se délicoter, v.r., (man.) to slip the halter.

délictueu-x, -se, adj., (jur.) unlawful, felonious.

délié, -e, adj., untied, loose; small, thin; light, easy, flowing (of style); slender, slim; cunning. Avoir l’esprit —; to be quick, shrewd. Avoir la langue —e; to have a voluble, glib tongue.

délié, n.m., (penmanship) thin stroke, up-stroke.

délier, v.a., to unbind; to untie; to liberate, to release, to absolve. — quelqu’un d’un serment; to free any one from an oath. On l’a délié de ses vœux; he was liberated from his vows.

se délier, v.r., to come untied, to get unfastened; to get loose.

délimitation, n.f., settling the limits, fixing the boundaries.

délimiter, v.a., to settle the boundaries, fix the limits.

délinéation, n.f., delineation.

délinéer, v.a., to delineate.

délinquant, n.m., -e, n.f., delinquent, offender.

☉délinquer, v.n., (jur.) to offend, to trespass.

déliot, n.m., finger-stall, thumb-stall.

déliquescence (-kès-sānss), n.f., (chem.) deliquescence.

déliquescent, -e, adj., (chem.) deliquescent.

deliquium (-kui-om), n.m., (chem.) deliquium.

délirant, -e, n. and adj., (med.) one who is delirious; delirious, frenzied, frantic; maddening, rapturous.

délire, n.m., delirium, frenzy, folly, deliriousness. Avoir le —; to rave. Tomber en —; to become delirious.

délirer, v.n., to be delirious, to rave, to wander.

delirium tremens (de-li-riom tré-mīnss), n.m., (n.p.) (med.) delirium tremens.

délissage, n.m., roughing, ruffling; sorting (of rags).

délisser, v.a., to rough, ruffle, sort.

délisseu-r, -se, n.m.f., sorter (of rags).

délit, n.m., misdemeanor, delinquency, offense; (mas.) wrong bed (of stone). En flagrant —; in the very act.

déliter, v.a., (mas.) to surbed (stones).

se déliter, v.r., to break in the grain; to cleave; to scale off.

délitescence (-tès-sāns), n.f., (med.) delitescence.

délivrance, n.f., deliverance, delivery; rescue, relief.

délivre, n.m., (anat.) after-birth; heam (of animals).

délivrer, v.a., to deliver, to release, to set free; to rid of, to hand over. — de prison; to release from prison. — de la marchandise; to deliver goods. Se faire —; to obtain, to take out.

se délivrer, v.r., to deliver one’s self, to free one’s self.

délivreur, n.m., deliverer; rescuer; (man.) ostler; groom; (techn.) one of the two drums of a cotton-machine.

délogement (-loj-mān), n.m., removal; change of quarters, departure, decamping.

déloger, v.n., to remove, to quit, to go from one’s house; to go away, to march off. — sans tambour ni trompette; to march off in silence, to steal away; to decamp quietly, to bolt in the night.

déloger, v.a., to turn out (of house); to oust; to drive away; (milit.) to dislodge.

délové, adj., (nav.) uncoiled (of rope).

délover, v.a., (nav.) to uncoil.

déloyal, -e, adj., disloyal, false, treacherous, unfair.

déloyalement (dé-loa-yal-mān), adv., disloyally, treacherously.

déloyauté, n.f., dishonesty, perfidiousness, treachery.

delta, n.m., (geog.) delta.

deltoïde, adj., (anat., bot.) deltoid.

déluge, n.m., deluge, flood. Un — de larmes; a flood of tears. Un — de paroles; a torrent of words.

déluré, adj., wide-awake, sharp.

délustrer, v.a., to take off the luster, the gloss of.

déluter, v.a., to unlute.

démagogie, n.f., demagogism.

démagogique, adj., demagogic, demagogical.

démagogue (-gog), n.m.f., demagogue.

démaigrir, v.n., (jest.) to recover flesh.

démaigrir, v.a., (arch.) to thin.

démailler, v.a., to undo the meshes of.

se démailler, v.r., to become undone.

*démailloter, v.a., to unswathe.

demain, adv., to-morrow. — matin; to-morrow morning. — soir; to-morrow night. Après —; the day after to-morrow. À — les affaires! we will talk of business another day!

demain, n.m., to-morrow. Avec lui c’est toujours —; he is always putting off, procrastinating.

démanché, -e, adj., off the handle; (fig.) ungainly, loose, dislocated, unconnected, disjointed.

démanché, n.m., an ungainly fellow; (mus.) shift.

démanchement (-mansh-mān), n.m., taking off (a handle); unhafting; (mus.) shift.

démancher, v.a., to take off the handle, to unhaft.

se démancher, v.r., to lose its handle; to go wrong; (mus.) to shift.

démancher, v.n., (nav.) to get out of the channel; (mus.) to shift.

demande, n.f., question, query, request, petition; demand, suit, inquiry; (com.) order, proposal; (mus.) subject of a fugue. Faire sa — par écrit; to present one’s request in writing. Appuyer une —; to second a request. À sotte — point de réponse; a silly question needs no answer.

demander, v.a., to ask, to beg, to request, to solicit, to sue for, to demand; (jur.) to pray; to desire; to wish, to want; to ask for, to call for; to inquire after; to require; (com.) to order. Faire —; to ask for. — l’aumône; to ask for alms. — son pain; to beg one’s bread. Que demandez-vous? what do you want? N’est-il venu personne me —? has nobody called for me? On vous demande; you are wanted. Cela demande une explication; that requires an explanation. On demande; wanted. Ne pas — mieux; to ask for nothing better; to be only too glad; to be most happy to.

demander, v.n., to ask, to beg; to wish, to request; to require, to demand.

se demander, v.r., to ask one’s self, to wonder.

demandeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., asker; applicant. À beau — beau refuseur; diamond cut diamond.

demande-ur, n.m., -resse, n.f., (jur.) demandant, plaintiff.

démangeaison (-jè-zon), n.f., itching; longing. Avoir une grande — de parler; to be dying to talk.

démanger, v.n., to itch; to long. La tête me démange; my head itches. Les pieds lui démangent; he longs to go out.

démanteler (-man-tlé), v.a., (milit.) to dismantle.

démantellement (tèl-mān), n.m., (fort., milit.) dismantling.

démantibuler, v.a., to break, to dislocate; to put out of order.

démarcation, n.f., demarcation. Ligne de —; line of demarcation.

démarche, n.f., gait, walk; proceeding, measure; step, course; application, overture. — noble; noble bearing. Faire une —; to take a step; to make an application. On observe toutes ses —s; all his steps are dogged.

démarier, v.a., to annul a marriage.

se démarier, v.r., to get unmarried.

démarquer, v.a., to unmark.

démarquer, v.n., to lose the mark of its age (of a horse).

démarrage, n.m., unmooring.

démarrer, v.a., to unmoor. — un cordage; to unbend a rope.

démarrer, v.n., to leave, to slip her moorings (of a ship); to move, to stir, to get away.

démasquer, v.a., to unmask; to show up. — une batterie; to unmask a battery.

se démasquer, v.r., to unmask, to take off one’s mask. Il s’est démasqué; he has pulled off his mask.

démâtage, n.m., (nav.) dismasting.

démâter, v.a., to dismast.

démâter, v.n., to lose her masts (of a ship).

démêlage, n.m., combing (of wool).

démêlé, n.m., strife, contest, contention, quarrel. Leur — est fini; their difference is at an end.

démêler, v.a., to disentangle, to separate; to contest; to distinguish; to discern, to clear up, to penetrate, to fathom, to unravel, to extricate; to untwist, to unfold; to comb out. Avoir à — avec; to have to do with. Je ne veux rien avoir à — avec lui; I will have nothing to do with him. — le vrai d’avec le faux; to distinguish truth from falsehood.

se démêler, v.r., to be unraveled; to be disentangled, to extricate one’s self; to get clear of, to comb one’s hair.

démêloir, n.m., large tooth-comb.

démembrement, n.m., dismemberment; dismembered part.

démembrer, v.a., to tear limb from limb; to dismember, to disjoint.

déménagement (-naj-mān), n.m., household removal, removing, change of residence. Voiture de —; furniture van.

déménager, v.a., to remove one’s furniture.

déménager, v.n., to remove (to change one’s residence). Sa raison déménage; he is getting childish.

déménageur, n.m., furniture-remover.

démence, n.f., insanity, madness, lunacy, mental aberration. Tomber en —; to become insane.

se démener, v.r., to stir, to struggle, to make a great fuss, to strive hard, to toil and moil. Se — avec vigueur; to struggle vigorously.

démenti, n.m., lie; flat contradiction, disappointment. Donner un — à quelqu’un; to give any one the lie. Vous en aurez le —; you will get the worst of it, be worsted.

démentir, v.a., to give the lie to, to contradict; to deny; to belie, to refute. Démentirez-vous votre signature? will you deny your signature? — sa gloire; to belie one’s fame. Ses actions démentent ses discours; his actions belie his language.

se démentir, v.r., to contradict one’s self; to belie one’s self; to fall off, to flag, to give way. Cet ouvrage se dément un peu vers la fin; this work falls off, flags, a little towards the end.

démérite, n.m., demerit.

démériter, v.n., to demerit. Je n’ai point démérité de vous, auprès de vous; I have done nothing to forfeit your esteem.

démesuré, -e, adj., huge, immoderate; inordinate, unbounded, excessive. Il a une envie —e de vous voir; he is dying to see you.

démesurément, adv., immoderately, inordinately, excessively, hugely.

démettre, v.a., to put out of joint, to dislocate; to dismiss; to turn out; (jur.) to overrule, to nonsuit.

se démettre, v.r., to be put out of joint; to resign, to throw up (an appointment). Il s’est démis le poignet; he has dislocated his wrist. Se — de son emploi; to resign one’s position.

démeublement, n.m., unfurnishing; absence of furniture.

démeubler, v.a., to unfurnish, to strip of furniture.

demeurant, n.m., remainder, residue.

au demeurant, adv., in other respects; after all, otherwise.

demeurant, -e, adj., (jur.) dwelling, living, abiding.

demeure, n.f., abode, home, dwelling, lodgings; stay; (jur.) delay. Changer sa —, de —; to change one’s lodgings. En —; behindhand; in arrears. Mettre en —; (jur.) to summon, to compel, to lay under the necessity. Être à —; to be a fixture, stationary. Cela n’est pas à —; that is only temporary. Péril en la —; danger in delay.

demeurer, v.n., to live, to lodge, to reside; to continue, to remain, to rest; to stay; to stand, to stop. — à la campagne; to live in the country. — en arrière; to stay behind. — sur son appétit; not to fully satisfy one’s appetite. Où en êtes-vous demeuré? where did you leave off? Demeurons-en là; let us keep to that, let us stop there. La victoire nous est demeurée; victory remained with us. — d’accord; to agree.

demi, n.m., (arith.) half. Deux demies font un entier; two halves make a whole.

demi, -e, adj., half. Un demi-pied; half a foot. Demi-soupir; (mus.) quaver rest. Un pied et —; a foot and a half. Une demi-heure; half an hour. Une heure et —e; an hour and a half. Entendre à demi-mot, (—-—s) to take in any one’s meaning at once. Demi-cercle, (—-—s) semi-circle. En demi-cercle; semi-circular. Demi-dieu, (—-—x) demi-god. À fourbe, fourbe et —; set a thief to catch a thief. N’en pas faire à —; not to stop half-way; to go right through with.

demi, adv., half. Il est à —-fou; he is half mad. Faire les choses à —; to do things by halves.

demie, n.f., the half-hour.

démieller, v.a., to take the honey off.

demi-bain, n.m., hip-bath.

demi-fleuron, n.m., (—-—s). V. fleuron.

demi-fortune, n.f., (—-—s) four-wheeled one-horse carriage.

demi-jour, n.m., twilight.

demi-lune, n.f., (—-—) (fort.) crescent, half-moon.

☉demi-métal, n.m., semi-metal.

demi-mot, n.m., hint.

demi-pension, n.f., half-board, partial-board.

demi-setier, n.m., (—-—s) half a pint English.

demi-solde, n.f., (n.p.) half-pay. Officier en —; half-pay officer.

démission, n.f., resignation. Donner sa —; to send in one’s resignation, to resign. Offrir sa —; to tender one’s resignation.

démissionnaire, n.m.f., resigner. Il est —; he has resigned his position.

démissionnaire, adj., who has resigned, thrown up (his commission), vacated his seat.

démissionner, v.n., to resign.

démitrer, v.a., (l.u.) to unmitre.

démobiliser, v.a., to demobilize.

démocrate, n.m.f., democrat.

démocratie, n.f., democracy.

démocratique, adj., democratic.

démocratiquement, adv., democratically.

démocratiser, v.a.n., to democratize.

se démocratiser, v.r., to become democratized.

démodé, -e, adj., out of fashion, antiquated, old-fashioned.

demoiselle, n.f., young lady; unmarried lady; young girl; gentlewoman; hot water-bottle; dragon-fly; (orni.) Numidian crane; paving-beetle.

démolir, v.a., to demolish, to pull down, to subvert, to overthrow, to destroy. Je l’ai démoli; I floored him.

démolisseur, n.m., demolisher, subverter.

démolition, n.f., demolition. pl., old building materials. Par suite de —s; because of the pulling down of the building.

démon, n.m., devil, fiend; demon; genius. Petit —; little demon (child). Faire le —; to play the devil. Quel — vous agite? what evil spirit torments you?

démonétisation, n.f., withdrawal from circulation (of money); calling in.

démonétiser, v.a., to withdraw from circulation; to call in (money).

démoniaque, adj., demoniacal, demoniac.

démoniaque, n.m.f., demoniac, demon, devil.

démonographe, n.m., demonographer.

démonographie, n.f., demonology.

démonologie, n.f., demonology.

démonomanie, n.f., demonomania.

démonstrateur, n.m., demonstrator, lecturer.

démonstrati-f, -ve, adj., demonstrative.

démonstration, n.f., demonstration, proof.

démonstrativement (-tiv-mān), adv., demonstratively.

démontable, adj., that can be taken to pieces.

démontage, n.m., taking to pieces.

démonter, v.a., to dismount, to unhorse; to nonplus, to baffle; to alter (one’s countenance); to take to pieces, to undo; (nav.) to supersede, to unship. — le gouvernail; to unship the rudder. — un capitaine; to supersede a captain.

se démonter, v.r., that may be taken to pieces (of machinery); to lose one’s countenance; to be unhinged; to be nonplused or disconcerted; to be getting out of order or of gear (of machinery); to become impaired (of the health).

démontrable, adj., demonstrable.

démontrer, v.a., to demonstrate, to prove.

démoralisat-eur, -rice, adj., corrupting, demoralizing.

démoralisation, n.f., demoralization.

démoraliser, v.a., to demoralize.

☉démoraliseur, n.m., corrupter.

démordre, v.n., to let go one’s hold; to depart, to desist, to retract, to yield. Faire — quelqu’un; to make one change his resolution. Il n’en démordra pas; he will not abate an inch, he will stick to.

démotique, adj., demotic.

démoucheter, v.a., to take off the button of a foil, to uncap.

se démoucheter, v.r., to become uncapped.

démoulage, n.m., taking from the mold.

démouler, v.a., to take from the mold.

démunir, v.a., to strip a place of ammunition; to deprive; to leave unprovided.

se démunir, v.r., to deprive one’s self, to part with; to leave one’s self unprovided for.

démurer, v.a., to unwall, to open.

démuseler (-muz-lé), v.a., to unmuzzle.

dénaire, adj., denary.

dénanti, -e, adj., unsecured, unprovided; stripped, bare.

dénantir, v.a., to deprive of security.

se dénantir, v.r., to give up securities, to part with.

dénationaliser, v.a., to denationalize.

dénatter, v.a., to unmat.

dénaturalisation, n.f., denaturalization.

dénaturaliser, v.a., to denaturalize.

dénaturation, n.f., (chem.) debasement, misrepresentation; perversion, sophistication.

dénaturé, -e, adj., unnatural, barbarous, cruel.

dénaturer, v.a., to alter the nature of; to deface, to disfigure; to change, to misrepresent, to pervert, to distort; (chem.) to debase.

dendrite (din-), n.f., (min.) dendrite.

déndroïde (din-), adj., (bot.) dendroid.

dénégation, n.f., denial; (law) traverse.

dénégatoire, adj., (law) traversing.

déni, n.m., (jur.) denial, refusal. — de justice; refusal of justice.

déniaisé, -e, adj., sharpened, who has had his eyes opened, cunning. Un homme —; a cunning, crafty man.

déniaiser, v.a., to sharpen the wits of; to cheat, to take in, to dupe, to open the eyes of.

se déniaiser, v.r., to learn wit, to become sharp, to grow cunning.

déniché, -e, part., gone, flown. Les oiseaux sont —s; the birds have flown.

dénicher, v.a., to take out of its nest; to turn out; to hunt out; to find out. — une statue; to take a statue out of its niche.

dénicher, v.n., to forsake its nest (of a bird); to hasten away; to make off, to run away. Allons, il faut —; come, be off with you.

dénicheur, n.m., birds’-nester. Un — de merles; sharper. Un — de fauvettes; fortune-hunter; lady-killer.

denier, n.m., (antiq.) denarius; denier; money; farthing; mite; cash, funds; rate of interest; (pharm.) scruple; old French copper coin worth ⅟₁₃th of a farthing; (coin.) weight of a little above 1¼ grammes. — à Dieu; earnest money. A beaux —s comptants; in cash, in ready money. Les —s publics; the public money. ☉Au — vingt-cinq; four per cent. Le — de Saint Pierre; Peter’s pence. Le — de la veuve; the widow’s mite. Cet homme n’a pas un — vaillant; that man is not worth a farthing. Rendre compte à livres sous et —s; to account to the uttermost farthing.

dénier, v.a., to deny, to refuse. Se —; to be denied; to deny one’s self.

dénigrant, adj., disparaging.

dénigrement, n.m., vilifying, disparagement.

dénigrer, v.a., to disparage, to traduce, to vilify.

dénombrement, n.m., enumeration, census, list.

dénombrer, v.a., to number, to enumerate.

dénominateur, n.m., (arith.) denominator.

dénominati-f, -ve, adj., denominative.

dénomination, n.f., denomination, name.

dénominer, v.a., (jur.) to denominate, to mention by name.

dénoncer, v.a., to denounce, to inform against, to impeach, to announce, to lodge information against; to give notice, to proclaim, to declare.

dénonciat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., denunciator, informer, accuser.

dénonciation, n.f., denunciation, denouncement, declaration, intimation.

☉dénotation, n.f., denotation.

dénoter, v.a., to describe; to denote, to betoken.

dénouement or dénoûment, n.m., event, issue; denouement, catastrophe, unraveling; undoing, ending (of a play).

dénouer, v.a., to untie, to loose; to give elasticity; to solve (difficulties); to unravel (plots).

se dénouer, v.r., to untie, to unravel, to unfold, to clear up. Sa langue s’est dénouée à la fin; he has spoken out at last.

denrée, n.f., commodity, wares, provisions. Il vend bien sa —; he makes the most of his talents.

dense, adj., dense, close, thick.

densité, n.f., density, thickness.

dent, n.f., tooth; notch; cog; prong. —s de lait; first teeth. —s de sagesse; wisdom teeth. —s d’en haut; upper teeth. —s d’en bas; lower teeth. Faire ses —s; to cut one’s teeth. Les —s percent à cet enfant; that child is cutting his teeth. Les —s lui claquent; his teeth chatter. Serrer les —s; to set the teeth. Grincer des —s; to gnash the teeth. Une — qui branle; a loose tooth. Le mal de —s; the toothache. Avoir mal aux —s; to have a toothache. Les —s lui tombent; he is losing his teeth. L’alvéole d’une —; the socket of a tooth. Se curer les —s; to pick one’s teeth. Le fruit vert agace les —s; green fruit sets the teeth on edge. Une vieille sans —; a toothless hag. Armé jusqu’aux —s; armed to the teeth. N’avoir pas de quoi mettre sous la —; not to have a morsel to put in one’s mouth. Avoir une — contre quelqu’un; to have an old grudge against one. Déchirer à belles —s; to tear to pieces, to rend any one. Chacun lui donne un coup de —; every one has a fling at him. Être sur les —s; to be tired out, done up. Montrer les —s à quelqu’un; to show one’s teeth to any one. Ne pas desserrer les —s; not to open one’s lips. Parler entre ses —s; to speak betwixt one’s teeth. Parler des grosses —s; to talk big. Prendre le mors aux —s; to run away (of horses); to be earnest in business. Rire du bout des —s; to sham a laugh, to pretend to laugh. Murmurer entre ses —s; to mutter to one’s self. C’est vouloir prendre la lune avec les —s; it is aiming at impossibilities. Les —s d’une roue; the cogs of a wheel. Ce couteau a des —s; that knife is notched. Manger du bout des —s; to eat with no appetite, to play with one’s food. Avoir les —s bien longues; to be very hungry.

dentaire, adj., dental.

dentaire, n.f., (bot.) dentaria, toothwort.

dental, -e, adj., (gram.) dental.

dentale, n.m., (conch.) dentalium, dental, tooth-shell.

dentale, n.f., (gram.) dental.

dent-de-lion, n.m., (—s-—) dandelion.

denté, -e, adj., toothed; (bot.) dentated. Roue —e; cogged wheel. Feuille —e en scie; serrated leaf.

dentée, n.f., bite from a hound; rip (of a tusk).

dentelaire, n.f., (bot.) lead-wort.

dentelé, -e (dānt-lé), adj., notched, jagged, denticulated, toothed, indented.

dentelé, n.m., (anat.) denticulated muscle.

denteler, v.a., to indent, to notch, to jag, to tooth, to cog.

dentelle, n.f., lace, lace-work. Manchettes à —; lace ruffles.

dentelli-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., lace-man, lace-woman, lace-maker.

dentelure (dān-tlur), n.f., jagging, notching, denticulation, indenting.

denticulé, -e, adj., (bot.) denticulated, indented.

denticules, n.m.pl., (arch.) denticles.

dentier (-tié), n.m., set of teeth (natural or artificial).

dentifrice, n.m., dentifrice. adj., good for the teeth. Poudre —; tooth-powder.

dentiste, n.m., dentist.

dentisterie, n.f., dentistry.

dentition, n.f., dentition, cutting of teeth.

denture, n.f., set of teeth; (horl.) teeth range.

dénudation, n.f., denudation.

dénuder, v.a., to denude; to lay bare; to strip.

dénué, -e, adj., destitute; void; devoid. — de support; bereft of support. — d’esprit; devoid of wit.

dénuement or dénûment, n.m., destitution, deprivation, penury, want.

dénuer, v.a., to strip, to leave destitute.

se dénuer, v.r., to strip one’s self; to leave one’s self destitute.

dépaillage, n.m., unbottoming (of chairs).

dépailler, v.a., to unbottom.

se dépailler, v.r., to lose its straw-seat.

dépaissance, n.f., pasturage, high pasture ground.

dépalissage, n.m., (hort.) unpaling.

dépalisser, v.a., to unpale.

dépaqueter (dé-pak-té), v.a., to unpack.

dépareillé, -e, adj., unmatched, imperfect, odd.

*dépareiller, v.a., to unmatch, to spoil the pair of, to render incomplete. — des gants; to unmatch gloves. Livres dépareillés; odd goods.

déparer, v.a., to undress (altars); to strip; to disfigure, to take away the beauty; to disparage.

déparier, v.a., to take away one (of a pair); to separate.

déparler, v.n., to cease talking, to talk nonsense.

déparquer, v.a., to unpen (of oysters); to unbed.

départ, n.m., departure, setting out; (chem.) parting; (metal.), departure. Être sur son —; to be on the eve of setting out.

départager, v.a., to settle by a casting vote. — les voix, les suffrages; to give a casting-vote.

département, n.m., distribution; department; line, business (province or business assigned to a particular person). Les —s de la France; the departments of France. — des affaires étrangères; foreign-office. — de l’intérieur; home-office. Cela n’est pas de son —; that does not lie in his province.

départemental, -e, adj., departmental.

départir, v.a., to distribute, to divide, to endow, to bestow, to allot, to grant.

se départir, v.r., to depart, to desist, to swerve, to deviate. Il s’est départi de sa demande; he has desisted from his demand. Se — de son devoir; to swerve from one’s duty.

dépassement, n.m., over-extension, excess.

dépasser, v.a., to go beyond; to exceed, to surpass; to outsail; to overreach, to overstep; to be higher or taller; to draw out (ribbons). — ses pouvoirs; to exceed one’s powers. Il me dépasse de trois pouces; he is taller than I am by three inches.

dépâtissage, n.m., sorting (of type).

dépâtisser, v.a., (print.) to sort and distribute (type).

dépavage, n.m., unpaving.

dépaver, v.a., to unpave, to take up the pavement.

dépaysé, -e, part., away from home, out of one’s element. Se trouver — dans une société; to feel out of one’s element.

dépayser (-pè-i-zé), v.a., to take, to send from home; to remove; to put out; to put on a wrong scent.

se dépayser, v.r., to leave one’s home; to go abroad; to get out of one’s element.

dépècement (-pès-mān), n.m., cutting up, cutting in pieces, carving, breaking up, tearing up; dismemberment; eating away (of the sea).

dépecer (dép-sé), v.a., to cut up, to carve, to cut in pieces; to dismember; to eat away. — une volaille; to cut up a fowl. — de la viande; to carve meat.

dépeceur, n.m., carver, cutter, meat-dresser.

dépêche, n.f., dispatch (letter on affairs of state); (com.) correspondence, mail, telegram. Les —s; the post-bag. Faire les —s; to make up the dispatches, the mails.

à dépêche-compagnon, adv., hurriedly, carelessly. Travailler à —; to hurry over one’s work. Se battre à —; to give no quarter in fighting.

se dépêcher, v.r., to make haste, to look sharp. Dépêchez-vous; make haste.

dépêcher, v.a., to send off dispatches, a courier, a messenger; to dispatch; to be quick, to do things quickly, to hasten; to make way with any one, to kill.

dépêcher, v.n., to dispatch, to hurry off, to send off a courier, or messenger, in haste. On a dépêché à Vienne; a courier has been sent to Vienna.

dépeçoir, n.m., chopping-knife.

dépeindre, v.a., to depict; to describe; to portray; to paint; to represent.

dépelotonner, v.a., to unwind.

se dépelotonner, v.r., to become unwound.

*dépenaillé, -e, adj., (fam.) tattered, ragged, in rags; ill-clad; slatternly; emaciated.

*dépenaillement, n.m., raggedness; faded appearance (of the face).

dépendamment (-da-mān), adv., (l.u.) dependently.

dépendance, n.f., dependence; appendage; out-house; offices; out-building. Être dans la — de quelqu’un; to be dependent on any one. Tenir quelqu’un dans la —; to keep any one in a state of dependancy.

dépendant, -e, adj., dependent. En —; (nav.) edging off.

dépendre, v.a., to take down; to unhang.

dépendre, v.n., to depend; to be dependent; to rest. Cela dépend de moi; that depends on, rests with, me.

dépens, n.m.pl., expense, cost. Vivre aux — d’autrui; to live at other people’s expense. Faire la guerre à ses —; to play a losing game. Il a gagné son procès avec —; (jur.) he gained his lawsuit with costs.

dépense, n.f., expense; expenditure; outlay, waste, flow; steward’s office; pantry. pl., supplies. Comité des —s; committee of supplies. De folles —s; extravagant expense. —s de bouche; living expenses. La — du ménage; household expense. Sa — excède ses revenus; his expenditure exceeds his income. Ne pas plaindre la —; not to spare expense. Faire de la —; to spend money. Faire la —; to do the housekeeping. Aimer la —; to like spending money.

dépenser, v.a., to spend, to expend; to consume; (b.s.) to waste. Il aime à —; he is fond of spending. Se —; to be spent.

dépensi-er, -ère, n., adj., extravagant person, spendthrift; extravagant.

dépensier, n.m., burser; (nav.) purser’s steward.

déperdition, n.f., deperdition, loss, waste; (med.) discharge.

dépérir, v.n., to perish, to decline, to pine away, to waste, to wither, to dwindle, to waste away, to decay, to go to ruin.

dépérissement (-ris-mān), n.m., wasting away, decay, withering, falling away.

dépersuader, v.a., to dissuade.

dépêtrer, v.a., to disentangle, to extricate, to disengage, to clear, to free.

se dépêtrer, v.r., to get out of; to rid one’s self of, to get clear of.

dépeuplement, n.m., depopulation; thinning (of forests).

dépeupler, v.a., to unpeople, to depopulate, to unstock, to thin. — un colombier; to unstock a pigeon-house. — une forêt; to thin a forest.

se dépeupler, v.r., to be depopulated, to be unstocked.

dépiécer, v.a. V. dépecer.

dépilage, n.m., taking off the hair or the fleece (of hides).

dépilati-f, -ve, adj., depilatory.

dépilation, n.f., depilation.

dépilatoire, n.m., depilatory.

se dépiler, v.r., to lose the hair (of animals).

dépiquage, n.m., (agri.) treading out (corn, etc.).

dépiquer, v.a., to unquilt, to unstitch; to cheer up. — quelqu’un; to cheer any one; to put any one in a better humor; (gard.) to transplant.

se dépiquer, v.r., to recover one’s good humor; to recoup one’s self.

dépister, v.a., (hunt.) to track; to ferret out, to hunt out; to throw off the scent.

dépit, n.m., spite, vexation. Avoir du —; to be vexed. Il pleurait de —; he wept for vexation. Faire quelque chose par —; to do a thing out of spite. En — de; in spite of. Ecrire en — du bon sens; to write nonsense.

dépiter, v.a., to vex, to spite.

se dépiter, v.r., to be vexed, to be in a pet, to get out of temper.

déplacé, -e, part., displaced, misplaced, ill-timed, unbecoming. Discours —; uncalled for speech.

déplacement (dé-plas-mān), n.m., displacement, change of place; removal.

déplacer, v.a., to displace, to misplace, to remove, to change.

se déplacer, v.r., to change one’s place, to leave one’s place, one’s residence; (of things) to be displaced.

déplaire, v.n., to displease, to offend; to incur the displeasure of any one; to be unpleasant, disagreeable, to give offense. Ne vous en déplaise; with your leave, if you don’t mind. N’en déplaise à; with all due deference to.

se déplaire, v.r., to dislike, to be displeased with, to displease each other; not to thrive (of animals, plants). Je ne me déplairais pas ici; I should not dislike living here. Les troupeaux se déplaisent dans ce lieu-là; the flocks do not thrive in that place.

déplaisance, n.f., dislike, aversion.

déplaisant, -e, adj., unpleasant, disagreeable, annoying, obnoxious.

déplaisir, n.m., displeasure, dislike, annoyance, grief, sorrow, trouble, affliction.

déplantage, n.m., or déplantation, n.f., displanting.

déplanter, v.a., to displant.

déplantoir, n.m., (gard.) trowel.

déplâtrage, n.m., unplastering.

déplâtrer, v.a., (mas.) to unplaster.

dépleurer, v.n., to cease weeping.

déplier, v.a., to unfold, to open; to lay out, display (goods).

déplissage, n.m., unplaiting.

déplisser, v.a., to unplait.

se déplisser, v.r., to come out of plait.

déploiement or déploîment (dé-ploa-mān), n.m., display, unfolding; (milit.) deployment.

déplombage, n.m., unstopping; unsealing.

déplomber, v.a., to unlead, to unload (a stick); to unstop (a tooth).

déplorable, adj., deplorable, lamentable, wretched.

déplorablement, adv., deplorably, lamentably, wretchedly.

déplorer, v.a., to deplore, to bewail, to lament, to mourn; to regret.

déployé, -e, adj., unfolded, displayed, open. Voguer à voiles —es; (nav.) to be under full sail. À gorge —e; at the top of one’s voice, lustily, with all one’s might.

déployer, v.a., to unfold, to unroll, to unfurl, to set out, to display, to open, to show, to stretch, to spread; (milit.) to deploy. — les voiles; to spread the sails. — toute son éloquence; to put forth all one’s eloquence.

se déployer, v.r., to unroll, to display one’s self; (milit.) to deploy.

déplumé, -e, adj., unplumed, unfeathered.

déplumer, v.a., to unplume, to deprive of feathers; to pluck, to pick.

se déplumer, v.r., to molt, to shed feathers.

dépocher, v.a.n., to take out of one’s pocket; to fork out, stump up.

dépolir, v.a., to take off the polish. — du verre; to rough glass. Le feu dépolit le marbre; fire takes the polish off marble.

dépolissage, n.m., (of glass) roughing.

déponent, adj., n.m., (gram.) deponent.

dépopulariser, v.a., to render unpopular.

se dépopulariser, v.r., to become unpopular.

dépopulation, n.m., depopulation.

déport, n.m., delay; (jur.) challenging one’s self; (on change) backwardation.

déportation, n.f., deportation (transportation), exile, banishment.

déporté, n.m., person sentenced to deportation; transport, convict.

déportements, n.m.pl., misconduct; evil-doings.

déporter, v.a., to deport, to transport for life; to banish, to exile.

se déporter, v.r., to desist from. Se — de ses prétentions; to withdraw one’s claims.

déposant, -e, adj., depositing; giving evidence.

déposant, n.m., -e, n.f., deponent; witness; bailer.

déposer, v.a., to lay down; to lay aside; to strip, to divest, to depose; to deposit; to give evidence; to lodge (a complaint). On le déposa de sa charge; he was removed from office. — son bilan; to file one’s schedule.

déposer, v.n., to settle, to leave a sediment (of liquids); to give evidence.

dépositaire, n.m., depositary, trustee, guardian; consignee.

déposition, n.f., deposition, deprivation; deposing; évidence. La — porte que; the evidence says that.

déposséder, v.a., to dispossess, to oust.

dépossesseur, n.m., dispossessor.

dépossession, n.f., dispossession, deprivation.

déposter, v.a., to drive from a post, to dislodge.

dépôt, n.m., depositing, deposit, trust; lodgment (of money); depository, warehouse; depot, agency; sediment, settling. — de mendicité; poorhouse, workhouse. Faire un —; to make a deposit. En —; as a deposit in trust; (com.) on sale.

dépotage, n.m., decanting.

dépoter, v.a., to take out of a pot; to decant.

dépotoir, n.m., general deposit of night-soil.

dépoudrer, v.a., to unpowder.

se dépoudrer, v.r., to unpowder one’s hair.

*dépouille, n.f., spoil; slough, skin, hide; wardrobe (of persons deceased); remains; spoils, booty; crop; exuviæ. — mortelle; mortal remains. La — d’un serpent; the slough of a serpent. L’âme quitta sa — mortelle; the soul forsook its earthly tenement. Il a laissé sa — à un tel; he left his wardrobe to such a one. —s opimes; spolia opima. Il s’enrichit des —s d’autrui; he enriches himself with the spoils of others.

*dépouillé, -e, part., stripped; naked. Jouer au roi —; (fig. and fam.) to compass the ruin of any one.

*dépouillement (dé-poo-i-mān), n.m., spoliation; despoiling; privation; scrutiny (of a ballot-box); abstract (of an account). Au — du scrutin; on the counting of the votes.

*dépouiller, v.a., to unclothe; to strip; to skin, to lay bare; to despoil, to deprive; to throw off; to cast off (of insects); to lay aside; to gather (crops); to inspect (a ballot-box); to present an abstract (of accounts). — ses vêtements; to throw off one’s clothes. — une anguille; to skin an eel.

se *dépouiller, v.r., to shed its skin (of insects and animals); to molt; to divest one’s self of; to strip one’s self of; to throw off; to dispense with; to renounce.

dépouilleur, n.m., teller (of votes by ballot).

dépourvoir, v.a., to leave unprovided or destitute.

se dépourvoir, v.r., to leave one’s self unprovided. Se — d’argent; to leave one’s self without cash.

dépourvu, -e, adj., destitute, unprovided, devoid. Au —; unawares. Pris au —; caught napping.

dépravation, n.f., depravity, depravement; depravation.

dépravé, -e, adj., vitiated, depraved. Goût —; depraved taste.

dépraver, v.a., to vitiate, to deprave.

se dépraver, v.r., to become vitiated, depraved. Son goût se déprave; his taste is becoming vitiated.

déprécati-f, -ve, adj., (theol.) deprecatory.

déprécation, n.f., deprecation.

dépréciat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., depreciator.

dépréciation, n.f., dépréciation.

déprécier, v.a., to depreciate, to undervalue, to slight; to run down, to disparage; to underrate.

se déprécier, v.r., to depreciate one’s self; (of things) to fall in value.

déprédat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., depredator.

déprédat-eur, -rice, adj., predatory.

déprédation, n.f., plundering, depredation, malversation.

dépréder, v.a., (l.u.) to depredate, to plunder.

déprendre, v.a., to loosen, to part.

se déprendre, v.r., to get detached or loose; to give up, to renounce.

dépression, n.f., hollow, depression, falling in; (astron., anat., surg.) depression.

déprier, v.a., to disinvite.

déprimer, v.a., to press down, to depress; to underrate.

se déprimer, v.a., to be flattened, depressed.

déprisant, -e, adj., depreciating.

dépriser, v.a., to undervalue, to underrate; to disparage.

de profundis (-fon-dis), n.m., (c.rel.) de profundis.

dépuceler, v.a., to deflower.

depuis, adv., since, afterwards, ever after, since that time. Je ne l’ai point vu —; I have not seen him since.

depuis, prep., since, from, after, for the last. — la création du monde; since the creation of the world. — peu; lately. — quand? how long since? — deux ans; two years since. — longtemps; for a long time. — ce temps-là; ever after; since then. — quelque temps; for some time.

depuis que, conj., since. — — vous êtes parti; since you went away.

dépurati-f, -ve, adj., depurative.

dépuration, n.f., depuration.

dépuratoire, adj., depuratory.

dépurer, v.a., to depurate.

députation, n.f., deputation; deputyship.

député, n.m., deputy, delegate; M.P.

députer, v.a., to depute, to send.

députer, v.n., to send a deputation.

déracinement (-si-n-mān), n.m., rooting up, eradication.

déraciner, v.a., to root up, to pluck up, to pull up by the root, to eradicate, extirpate. — un cor; to cut out a corn. — un mal; to eradicate an evil.

se déraciner, v.r., to unroot, to be torn up by the roots.

dérader, v.n., (nav.) to be driven out to sea.

déraidir, v.a., to unstiffen, to make pliant, to soften.

se déraidir, v.r., to grow pliant, soft, supple.

*déraillement, n.m., running off the rails.

*dérailler, v.n., to run off the rails, to leave the metals.

*dérailler, v.a., to throw off the rails.

déraison, n.f., unreasonableness, folly, irrationality, preposterousness.

déraisonnable, adj., senseless, unreasonable, void of reason, preposterous.

déraisonnablement, adv., unreasonably, irrationally, preposterously.

déraisonnement, n.m., irrational talk.

déraisonner, v.n., to reason falsely, to talk nonsense, to talk irrationally.

dérangé, -e, adj., out of order, deranged, crazy; unwell, out of sorts. Estomac —; disordered stomach.

dérangement (dé-rānj-mān), n.m., derangement, discomposure, trouble, embarrassment; disorder, disturbance.

déranger, v.a., to derange, to put out of its place, out of order, to displace; to discompose; to disconcert, to incommode, to put out of sorts, to unsettle, to disturb, to upset. Cela m’a tout dérangé; that has quite disconcerted me. La moindre chose le dérange; the least thing in the world unsettles or upsets him.

se déranger, v.r., to be deranged; to get out of order; to be unwell; to trouble or disturb oneself; to misconduct oneself; to lead a disorderly life.

déraper, v.n., (nav.) to get atrip; to side-slip (of bicycles). L’ancre a dérapé; the anchor is atrip. Faire — une ancre; to trip an anchor.

dérâper, v.a., to pick (grapes) from the bunch.

dératé, -e, adj., deprived of spleen, lively; cunning, sharp. Courir comme un —; to go like a shot; to run like a greyhound.

dérater, v.a., to take out, to extract, the spleen.

derby, n.m., derby.

derechef, adv., over again, afresh, anew, again.

déréglé, -e, adj., irregular, intemperate; exorbitant; unruly; dissolute, profligate, lawless. Vie —e; irregular life. Appétit —; immoderate appetite. Imagination —e; disordered imagination. Désirs —s; inordinate desires. Une conduite —e; disorderly conduct.

déréglement, n.m., intemperateness; irregularity; unruliness, riot, disorder; dissoluteness, licentiousness, profligacy. Vivre dans le —; to lead a disorderly life.

déréglément, adv., disorderly, inordinately, intemperately, dissolutely, loosely.

dérégler, v.a., to put out of order, to disorder.

se dérégler, v.r., to be out of order, to be deranged; to lead a disorderly life.

dérêner, v.n., to unrein, to unbridle.

dérider, v.a., to unwrinkle, to take away the wrinkles, to smooth, to clear, to cheer up. La joie déride le front; joy smooths the brow.

se dérider, v.r., to unbend one’s brow; to cheer up; to relax, to unbend.

dérimer, v.a., to turn verse into prose.

dérision, n.f., derision, mockery, ridicule. Par —; out of ridicule. Tourner tout en —; to turn everything into ridicule.

dérisoire, adj., derisive, derisory, mocking.

dérivati-f, -ve, adj., derivative.

dérivatif, n.m., derivative, counter-irritant.

dérivation, n.f., derivation.

dérive, n.f., drift, lee-way. En or À la —; adrift. Avoir belle —; (nav.) to have good sea-room.

dérivé, -e, adj., derivative; drifted.

dérivé, n.m., (gram.) derivative.

dériver, v.n., to be derived; to get clear of the shore; (nav.) to drift; to derive, to proceed from. Faire —; to derive.

dériver, v.a., to derive; to divert, turn off (of rivers).

derme, n.m., (anat.) derma.

derni-er, -ère, adj., last; highest, greatest, vilest, meanest; youngest (of a family of children); (mus.) closing. En — lieu; in the last place. En — ressort; as a last appeal. Rendre le — soupir; to breathe one’s last. C’est la —e lettre qu’il ait écrite; it is the last letter he wrote. Mettre la —e main à quelque chose; to put the finishing touch to anything. Une affaire de la —e importance; an affair of the greatest importance. Arriver au — degré; to arrive at the highest degree. Cela est du — ridicule; that is ridiculous to a degree. Aux —s les bons morceaux; last come, best served.

derni-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., last; end of the gallery (tennis). Le — des hommes; the vilest of men. Jusqu’au —; to the last. Dernier-né, (—s-—s) last born male child.

dernièrement, adv., lately, of late, latterly, recently.

dérobé, -e, part., stolen, hidden, secret, concealed; spare, leisure (of time); (arch.) private. Escalier —; private staircase. Fèves —es; beans taken out of their skins. À la —e; by stealth, clandestinely. S’en aller à la —e; to steal away, to slip out. Heures —es; leisure hours.

dérober, v.a., to rob, to steal, to pilfer, to plunder, to purloin; to conceal, to hide, to protect, to screen, to shelter; to shell (beans). — quelqu’un à la justice; to screen anyone from justice.

se dérober, v.r., to steal away, to escape, to disappear, to avoid, to shun. Il s’est dérobé; he has stolen away. Se — à la justice; to fly from justice. Le vaisseau se déroba bientôt à la vue; the ship was soon lost to view.

dérochage, n.m., scouring (of metals).

dérocher, v.a., to scour (of metals).

dérogation, n.f., derogation.

dérogatoire, adj., derogatory.

dérogeance, n.f., forfeiture (of nobility).

dérogeant, -e (-jānt, -t), adj., derogatory.

déroger, v.n., to derogate; to take away, to detract; to condescend; to stoop. — à l’usage établi; to act contrary to established custom. — à la noblesse; to forfeit one’s nobility.

☉déroidir. V. déraidir.

dérougir, v.a., to take off the redness.

se dérougir, v.r., to lose its redness.

dérougir, v.n., to lose its redness.

*dérouillement, n.m., removal of rust.

*dérouiller, v.a., to remove the rust, to polish, to brighten up.

*se dérouiller, v.r., to lose its rust; to rub off the rust; to polish up; to read up a subject. L’esprit se dérouille dans le grand monde; good company rubs the rust off one’s mind.

déroulement (dé-rool-mān), n.m., unrolling; production of the evolute (of curves).

dérouler, v.a., to unroll; to spread out, to display; (geom.) to produce the evolute. — les merveilles de la création; to unfold the wonders of creation.

se dérouler, v.r., to unroll, to unfold; to display itself; to spread out; to open to the view; (of the waves) to roll in.

déroute, n.f., rout, defeat, overthrow, ruin; failure, disorder, confusion. Mettre une armée en —; to rout an army. Mettre quelqu’un en —; to confuse, to nonplus, to silence anyone. En pleine —; in full flight. Ses affaires sont en —; he is in a bad way (financially).

dérouter, v.a., to embarrass, to bewilder; to disconcert, to perplex; to baffle, to foil. Je suis tout dérouté; I am quite out of my latitude.

derrière, prep., behind, behind one’s back. Laisser loin — soi; to leave far behind one. Regardez — vous; look behind you.

derrière, adv., behind. Par —; from behind. Porte de —; back-door; (fig.) evasion.

derrière, n.m., hind, hinder part; posteriors; tail-board (of a cart); breech. Être logé sur le —; to lodge at the back of the house. Montrer le —; to turn tail, to show the white feather.

derviche or dervis, n.m., dervis.

des, art.pl., of the; from the. V. de.

dès, prep., from, since, as early as. — le point du jour; from break of day. — le berceau; from the cradle. — à présent; from this moment, forthwith, henceforth. — lors; from that time.

dès que, conj., when, as soon as; since. Dès qu’il parut; as soon as he appeared. — — (for du moment que) vous le souhaitez; since you wish it.

désabonnement, n.m., withdrawal of subscription.

se désabonner, v.r., to withdraw one’s subscription (from a newspaper or periodical).

désabuser, v.a., to disabuse, to undeceive.

se désabuser, v.r., to undeceive one’s self. Désabusez-vous; undeceive yourself.

désaccord, n.m., disagreement; (mus.) discord. Être en —; to be at variance. Être en — avec soi-même; to be inconsistant with one’s self.

désaccorder, v.a., to untune, to set at variance.

se désaccorder, v.r., to get out of tune.

désaccouplement, n.m., uncoupling.

désaccoupler, v.a., to uncouple.

se désaccoupler, v.r., to uncouple, to get uncoupled; to come asunder.

désaccoutumance, n.f., want of custom.

désaccoutumer, v.a., to disaccustom.

se désaccoutumer, v.r., to break one’s self of, to lose the habit of. Se — de faire une chose; to leave off doing a thing.

désachalandage, n.m., loss of custom.

désachalander, v.a., to take away the customers, to drive away customers.

désaffection, n.f., disaffection.

désaffectionner, v.a., to lose affection, to cause any one to lose affection.

se désaffectionner, v.r., to lose affection.

désaffourcher, v.a., (nav.) to unmoor or heave up an anchor.

désaffubler, v.a., to unmuffle.

désagencement, n.m., throwing out of gear.

désagencer, v.a., to throw out of gear, to disarrange, to disorder.

désagréable, adj., disagreeable, unpleasant; unacceptable; uncomfortable; obnoxious; unsightly; distasteful. Cela est — à voir; that is displeasing to the sight.

désagréablement, adv., disagreeably, unpleasantly; unacceptably; uncomfortably; obnoxiously.