Volume 2 / Part 3 — CHAPTER XXXIV. AND LAST (continued 4)

at Kinsay, ii. 191.

(See also Dead.)

Fungul, city of, ii. 124, 127n

Furs, of the Northern Regions, i. 257, 405, 410n, ii. 481, 483n, 484, 487

Fusang, Mexico(?), ii. 405n

Fuyang, ii. 220n

Fuzo, see Fu-chau

Gabala, Bishop of, i. 231n

Gagry, maritime defile of, i. 54n

Gaisue, officer of Kúblái’s Mathematical Board, i. 449n

Galeasse, Venetian gallery, 36, i. 119n

Galingale, ii. 225, 229n, 272

Galletti, Marco, 27, ii. 512n

Galleys of the Middle Ages, war, 31 seqq.;

arrangement of rowers, 31–32;

number of oars, 32, 33;

dimensions, 33, 34;

tactics in fight, 38;

toil in rowing, ib.;

strength and cost of crew, 39;

staff of fleet, 39–40;

Joinville’s description of, 40;

customs of, 41

Galley-slaves not usual in Middle Ages, 39

Gambling, prohibited by Kúblái, i. 457

Game, see Sport

Game Laws, Mongol, i. 396, 406, ii. 13

Game, supplied to Court of Cambaluc, i. 396, 401

Ganapati Kings, ii. 362n

Gandar, Father, ii. 139n, 153n

Gandhára, ii. 114n, 329n, 330n;

Buddhist name for Yun-nan, ii. 73n

Ganfu, port of Kinsay, ii. 189

Ganja, gate of, i. 57n

Gan-p’u, ii. 238n

Gantanpouhoa, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n

Gantûr, ii. 362n

Gardenia, fruit and dyes, ii, 226n

Gardiner’s (misprinted Gardner’s) Travels, i. 160n, 179n

Gardner, C., ii. 196n, 198n

Garmsir, Ghermseer (Cremesor), Hot Region, i. 75n, 99n, 112n, 114n

Garnier, Lieut. Francis (journey to Talifu), ii. 38n, 48n, 57n, 58n, 60n, 64n, 67n, 74n, 80n, 90n, 91n, 95n, 99n, 117n, 120n, 122n, 123n, 128n, 130n, 198n, 278n

Garrisons, Mongol, in Cathay and Manzi, i. 336n, ii. 190, 200n;

disliked the people, 205

Garuda, ii. 351n, 415n, 419n

Gate of Iron, ascribed to Derbend, i. 57n

Gates, of Kaan’s palace, i. 363, 368n;

of Cambaluc, 374, 377n;

of Somnath, ii. 400–401

Gat-pauls, Gatopaul, Gatos-paulas, ii. 382, 383n, 385n

Gatto maimone, ii. 383n

Gauenispola Island, ii. 300, 307n

Gaur (Bos Gaurus, etc.), ii. 114n

Gauristan, i. 86n

Gavraz, village, i. 45n

Gazaria, ii. 490, 492n

Gedrosi, ii. 402n

Gelath in Imeretia, Iron Gate at, i. 57n

Geliz, Spanish for silk dealer, i. 59n

Genealogy of Polos, 13;

errors as given by Barbaro, etc., in, 77–78;

tabular, ii. 506n;

of House of Chinghiz, 505n

Genoa, Polo’s captivity at, 6, 48–55

—— and Pisa, rivalry, and wars of, 41, 56 seqq.

—— and Venice, rivalry and wars of, 41 seqq.

Genoese, their growth in skill and splendour, 42;

character as seamen by poet of their own, 43;

character by old Italian author, 48;

capture of Soldaia, i. 4n;

their navigation of the Caspian, 52, 59n;

trade in box-wood, 57n;

their merchants at Tabriz, 75;

in Fo-kien, ii. 238n

Gentile Plural names converted into local singulars, i. 58n

Geographical Text of Polo’s Book constantly quoted, its language, 83;

proofs that it is the original, 84 seqq.;

tautology, 85;

source of other texts, ib.

George (Jirjis, Yurji, Gurgán), king of Tenduc, of the time of Prester John, i. 284, 287n;

a possible descendant of, 288n, ii. 460

Georgia (Georgiana), beauty of, and its inhabitants, i. 50–53n;

their kings, 50, 52n

Gerfalcons (Shonkár), i. 270, 273n, 299, 402, 404;

tablets engraved with, 35, 351, 355n, ii. 487

Gerini, Colonel, ii. 596n

German Follower of the Polos, ii. 159

Ghaiassuddin Balban (Asedin Soldan), Sultan of Delhi, i. 99, 104n, 105n

Gháran country, ruby mines in, i. 161n

Gházán (Casan) Khan of Persia, son of Arghún, i. 14n, 29n, 88n, 103n, 121n, 138n, 429n, ii. 50, 166n, 466n;

his regard for the Polos, i. 35;

marries the Lady Kukachin, 36, 38n, ii. 465n;

his mosque at Tabriz, i. 76n;

set to watch the Khorasan frontier, ii. 474, 475n;

obtains the throne, 476;

his object and accomplishments, 478n

Ghel, or Ghelan (Ghel-u-chelan), Sea of, Caspian Sea, i. 52, 58n

Ghellé (Gílí), silk of the Gíl province, i. 52, 59n

Ghes, or Kenn (formerly Kish or Kais), i. 63, 64n

Ghez tree, i. 89n

Ghiuju, ii. 219, 221n, 222n

Ghiyas ed-din, last Prince of Kurd dynasty, i. 85n

Ghori, or Aksarai River, i. 152n

Ghúls, goblins, i. 202n

Ghúr, i. 102n

Giglioli, Professor H., 51

Gíl, or Gílán, province, i. 59n

Gilgit, i. 160n

Gill, Captain (River of Golden Sand), i. 408n, ii. 40n, 57n, 59n, 80n–82n, 84n, 88n, 91n, 109n, 169n, 221n

Ginao, Mt. and Hot Springs, i. 122n

Gindanes of Herodotus, ii. 48

Ginger, ii. 22;

Shan-si, 33;

Caindu, 56;

alleged to grow in Kiangnan, 181, 183n;

Fuju, 224, 325;

Coilum, 375, 381n;

different qualities and prices of, 381n;

Ely, 385, 388n;

Malabar, 389;

Guzerat, 393

Giraffes, ii. 413, 421n, 422, 431;

mediæval notices of, 424n

Girardo, Paul, 70, ii. 511n

Girdkuh, an Ismailite fortress, its long defence, i. 146n, 148n

Girls, consecrated to idols in India, ii. 345–346

Gittarchan, see Astrakhan

Glaza (Ayas, q.v.), 54

Gleemen and jugglers, conquer Mien, ii. 110

Goa, ii. 358n, 451n

Gobernador, Straits of, ii. 281n

Goës, Benedict, 20, i. 175n, 218n

Gog and Magog (Ung and Mungul), legend of, i. 56n, 57n;

rampart of, 57n;

country of, 285;

name suggested by Wall of China, 292n

Gogo, ii. 398n

Goître at Yarkand, i. 187, 188n

Golconda diamond mines, ii. 362n

Gold, Frankincense, and Myrrh, their mystic meaning, i. 79, 81n

Gold dust in Tibet, ii. 49, 52n;

exchanged for salt in Caindu, 54, 57n;

Brius River, 56;

in Kin-shia-Kiang, 72n;

and nuggets in Carajan, 76;

abundant in Yun-nan, 95n, 106;

Caugigu, 116;

Coloman, 123;

infinite in Chipangu, 253, 256;

in Sea of Chin Islands, 264;

dust in Gulf of Cheinan Islands, 266;

not found in Java, 274n;

in Locac, 276;

the Malayo-Siamese territories, 179n;

Sumatra, 284, 287n;

vast accumulations in South India, 12, ii. 340, 348n;

imported into Malabar, 390;

and into Cambay, 398;

purchased in Socotra, 407

Gold and silver towers of Mien, ii. 110

—— cloths of, i. 41, 50, 60, 63, 65n, 75, 84, 285, 387, ii. 23.

(See Silk and Gold.)

—— of the Gryphons in Herodotus, ii. 419n

—— Teeth (Zardandan), Western Yunnan, ii. 84, 88n–91n

—— to silver, relative value of, i. 426n, ii. 95n, 256n, 591n

Golden King and Prester John, tale of the, ii. 17–22

—— Island, ii. 174n, 175, 176n, 310n

—— Horde (kings of the Ponent), ii. 486n, 492n

Golfo, Indigo di, ii. 382n

Gomispola, Gomispoda, see Gauenispola

Gomushtapah, Wall of, i. 57n

Gomuti palm, ii. 297n

Gondophares, a king in the St. Thomas legends, ii. 357n

Gordon’s “Ever Victorious Army,” ii. 179n

Gordun Sháh, i. 120n

Göring, F., i. 74n

Goriosan, ii. 260n

Gor Khar, wild ass, i. 89n

Goshawks, i. 50, 57n, 96n, 252, 402;

black, ii. 285, 345

Gothia (Crimean), ii. 490;

its limit and language, 492n

Govy, a low caste in Maabar, ii. 341, 349n, 355

Goza, i. 38n

Gozurat, see Guzerat

Grail, Buddhist parallel to the Holy, ii. 328n, 330n

Granaries, Imperial, i. 443

Grapes in Shan-si, ii. 13, 15n, 16n

Grass-cloths, ii. 127n

Grasso, Donato, 25

Great Bear (Meistre), ii. 292, 296n;

and Little, force of, and application of these epithets, 286n

Great, or Greater Sea (Black Sea), i. 3n, ii. 487, 488, 490

Greece, Bactria’s relation to, i. 160n

Greek fire, 38, ii. 165n

Greeks, in Turcomania, i. 43;

and Greek tongue in Socotra, ii. 408n, 409n;

possible relic of, 410n

Green, Rev. D. D., ii. 193n

—— Island, legendary, ii. 381n

—— Islands, ii. 417n

—— Mount, Cambaluc, i. 365, 370n

—— R., see Ts’ien-T’ang

Gregorieff, his excavations at Sarai, i. 6n

Gregory X., Pope, see Theobald of Piacenza

Grenard, i. 189n, 190n, 193n, 195n, 200n, 203n, 276n, 310n, 324n, 409n, ii. 5n, 27n

Grioni, Zanino, ii. 517n

Griut (kurut), sour-curd, i. 265n

Groat, Venetian grosso, i. 424, 426n, ii. 22, 66, 153, 181, 201, 225, 236, 354, 591n

Groot, Professor, J. J. M. de, i. 209n, 251n, 268n, ii. 135n

Grote, Arthur, ii. 444n

Grueber and Dorville, Jesuit travellers, i. 276n

Grus, cinerea, antigone, leucogeranus, monachus, i. 297n

Gryphon, see Ruc

Guasmul (Basmul), half-breeds, i. 284, 292n

Guchluk, i. 161n

Gudar (village), i. 113n

Gudderi, musk animals, Tibet, ii. 45, 49n

Gudran, i. 126n

Guebers, the, i. 88n, 96n

Gujáh, Hulákú’s chief secretary, i. 33n

Gugal, bdellium, ii. 397n

Guilds of craftsmen at Kinsay, ii. 186

—— Venetian, 72

Guinea-fowl, ii. 431, 437n

Guions, a quasi-Tibetan tribe, ii. 60n

Gumish-Khánah, silver mines, i. 49n

Gunpowder, 138

Gurgán, a Tartar chief, ii. 474n

Gurgán, son-in-law, a title, i. 288n

Gur-Khan of Karacathay, i. 233n

Gutturals, Mongol elision of, i. 8n, 64n

Guz = 100, i. 261, 263n

Guzerat (Gozurat), ii. 389, 390, 392, 394n;

products, mediæval architecture and dress, 393;

work, 393–394, 395n

Haast, Dr., discovers a fossil Ruc, ii. 417n

Habíb-ullah of Khotan, i. 189n

Ḥabsh (Abash), see Abyssinia

Hadhramaut (Sessania Adrumetorum), i. 82n

Hadiah, ii. 436n

Haffer, ii. 445n

Hai-nan, Gulf of, ii. 266n

—— language of, ii. 244n

Hairy men in Sumatra, ii. 301n

Hajji Mahomed, i. 211n, 221n

Hakeddin, ii. 436n

Half-breeds, see Argons

Hamd Allah Mastaufi, the geographer, i. 76n, 81n, 84n, 92n, 135n

Hamilton, Captain Alexander, i. 106n, 122n

Hammer-Purgstall on Marco Polo, 115

Hamúm Arabs, ii. 443n

Hamza of Ispahan, i. 101n

Hamza Pantsuri, or Fantsuri, ii. 303n

Hanbury, D., ii. 183n, 226n, 229n

Han-chung (Cuncun), ii. 31, 32n, 34n, 35n

Hang-chau fu, see Kinsay

Han dynasty, i. 193n, 347n, ii. 32n, 35n, 70n

—— River, ii. 34n, 35n, 149n, 167n

Hanjám, i. 115n

Han-kau, ii. 183n

Hansi, ii. 427n

Han Yü, ii. 81n

Harám, i. 141n

Harhaura, W. Panjáb, i. 104n

Harlez, Mgr. de, i. 305n

Harmozeia, i. 114n

Harpagornis, fossil Ruc, ii. 417n

Harran, i. 23n

Harshadeva, king of Kashmir, i. 169n

Harsuddi, temple of, ii. 349n

Haru, or Aru, ii. 303n

Hashíshín, see Assassins

Hásik, ii. 444n

Hassán Kalá, hot springs at, i. 47n

Hassan, son of Sabah, founder of the Ismailites, i. 141n

Hastings, Warren, letter of, i. 57n

Hatan, rebellion of, i. 346n

Haunted deserts, i. 197, 201n, 274

Havret, Father H., ii. 155n, 212n

Ḥawáríy (Avarian), the term, ii. 356n

Hawks, hawking in Georgia, i. 50, 57n;

Yezd and Kerman, 88, 90, 96n;

Badakhshan, 158, 162n;

Etzina, 223;

among the Tartars, 252;

on shores and islands of Northern Ocean, 269, 273n;

Kúblái’s sport at Chagannor, 296;

in mew at Chandu, 299;

trained eagles, 397, 399n;

Kúblái’s establishment of, 402, 403, 407n, ii. 13;

in Tibet, 50;

Sumatra, 285;

Maabar, 345

Hayton I. (Hethum), king of Lesser Armenia, 11, i. 25n, 42n, ii. 592n;

his autograph, 13

Hazáras, the, Mongol origin of, i. 102n;

lax custom ascribed to, 212n, ii. 56n

Hazbana, king of Abyssinia, ii. 436n

Heat, great at Hormuz, i. 108, 109, 119n, ii. 452;

in India, 343, 375–376

Heaven, City of (Kinsay), ii. 182, 184n, 185, 203

Hedin, Dr. Sven, i. 188n, 190n, 193n, 198n, 203n, 225n, 276n

Heibak, caves at, i. 156n

Height, effects on fire of great, i. 171, 178n

Heikel, Professor Axel, on Buddhist monasteries in the Orkhon, i. 228n

Hei-shui (Mongol Etsina) River, i. 225n

Hel, Ela (Cardamom), ii. 388n

Helena, Empress, i. 82n

Helli, see Eli

He-lung Kiang, ii. 35n

Hemp of Kwei-chau, ii. 127

Henry II., Duke of Silesia, ii. 493n

Henry III., i. 27n, 56n

Heraclius, Emperor, said to have loosed the shut-up nations, i. 56n

Herat, i. 150n, ii. 402n

Hereditary trades, ii. 186, 196n

Hereford, Map, 132, i. 134n

Hermenia, see Armenia

Hermits of Kashmir, i. 166, 169n

Herodotus, i. 135n, ii. 104n, 109n

Hethum, see Hayton

Hiai- or Kiai-chau (Caichu?), ii. 19n

Hides, ii. 398.

(See Leather.)

Hili, Hili-Marawi, see Ely

Hill-people of Fo-kien, wild, ii. 225, 228n

Hinaur, see Hunáwar

Hind, ii. 402n

Hindu character, remarks on frequent eulogy of, ii. 367

—— Kush, i. 104n, 164n, 165n, ii. 594n

Hindus, their steel and iron, i. 93n

—— in Java, ii. 283n

Hing-hwa, language of, ii. 244n

Hippopotamus’ teeth, ii. 413, 421n

Hips, admiration of large, i. 160

Hirth, Dr. F., ii. 27n, 28n, 89n, 194n, 199n

Hiuan-Tsung, Emperor, ii. 28n

Hiuen Tsang, Dr., a Buddhist monk, i. 164n–165n, 169n, 174n, 189n–193n, 197n, 202n, 221n, 222n, 306n, 446n, ii. 28n, 60n, 594n, 595n

Hochau, in Sze-chwan, Mangku Khan’s death at, i. 245n

—— in Kansuh, ii. 29n

Hochung-fu (Cachanfu), ii. 25n

Hodgson, Mr., ii. 116n

Hoernle, Dr., i. 190n

Hōjōs, ii. 262n

Hokien-fu (Cacanfu), ii. 133n

Hokow, or Hokeu, ii. 224n

Holcombe, Rev. C., on Hwai-lu, ii. 15n;

on Yellow River, 23n;

on Pia-chau fu, 25n;

on road from T’ung-kwan to Si-ngan fu, 27n

Hollingworth, H. G., ii. 144n

Holy Sepulchre, ii. 429;

oil from lamp of, i. 14, 19, 26

Homeritae, ii. 432n

Homi-cheu, or Ngo-ning, ii. 122n, 128n, 129n, 131n

Homme, its technical use, i. 27n, 342n

Hondius map, i. 102n

Ho-nhi, or Ngo-ning (Anin) tribe, ii. 120n, 122n.

(See Homi-cheu.)

Hooker, Sir Joseph, on bamboo explosion, ii. 46n

Horiad (Oirad, or Uirad) tribe, i. 300, 308n

Hormuz (Hormos, Curmosa), i. 83, 107, 110n, ii. 340, 348n, 370, 402n, 449, 451;

trade with India, a sickly place, the people’s diet, i. 107, ii. 450;

ships, 108;

great heat and fatal wind, 108, 109, 119n, 120n;

crops, mourning customs, i. 109;

the king of, 110;

another road to Kerman from, 110, 122n;

route from Kerman to, 110n;

site of the old city, ib.;

foundation of, 115n;

history of, 120n;

merchants, ii. 340;

horses exported to India from, 348n;

the Melik of, 449, 450, 451

—— Island, or Jerun, i. 110n, 111n, ii. 451n;

Organa of Arian, i. 115n, 121n

Hormuzdia, i. 111n

Horns of Ovis Poli, i. 171, 176n

Horoscopes, in China, i. 447, ii. 191;

in Maabar, 344

Horse-posts and Post-houses, i. 433, 437n

Horses, Turkish, i. 43, 44n;

Persian, 83, 86n;

of Badakhshan, strain of Bucephalus, 158, 162n;

sacrificed at Kaans’ tombs, 246;

Tartar, 260, 264n;

and white mares, 300, 308n;

presented to Kaan on New Year’s Day, 390;

of Carajan, ii. 64, 78, 81n;

their tails docked, 82n;

of Anin, 119;

tracking by, 174n;

decorated with Yaks’ tails, 355;

now bred in S. India, 340, 342, 348n, 350n, 438, 450

—— great trade and prices in importing to India from Persia, i. 83, 86n;

modes of shipment, 108, 117n;

from Carajan, ii. 78;

from Anin, 119;

from Kis, Hormuz, Dofar, Soer, and Aden, 340, 348n, 370, 395, 438;

Esher, 442;

Dofar, 444;

Calatu, 450, 451n

—— duty on, 438;

captured by pirates, 395;

their extraordinary treatment and diet in India, 340, 345, 348n–349n, 351n, 450

Horse-stealing, Tartar laws v., i. 266

Hosie, A., ii. 131n;

on Ch’êng-tu, 40n;

brine-wells of Pai-yen-ching, 58n;

on the Si-fan, 60n, 61n;

on Caindu Lake, 72n

Hospitals, Buddhist, i. 446n

Hostelries, at Cambaluc, i. 412;

on the Cathay post-roads, 434, ii. 32n;

at Kinsay, 193

Hot springs in Armenia, i. 45, 46n;

near Hormuz, 110, 122n

Hounds, Masters of Kaan’s, i. 400–401n

Hours, struck from Cambaluc bell-tower, i. 373, 414;

at Kinsay, ii. 188;

unlucky, 364, 368n;

canonical, 368n, 369n

Hsi Hsia dynasty, i. 205n

Hsiang-Chên, Hsiang, wood, ii. 301n

Hu-chau fu (Vuju), ii. 184n

Hui-hui, white and black capped, two Mohammedan sects, ii. 30n,

Hukaji (Hogáchi, Cogachin), Kúblái’s son, i. 361n, ii. 76, 80n

Hukwan-hien, ii. 230n

Hulákú Khan (Alau, Alacon), Kúblái’s brother, and founder of Mongol dynasty in Persia, 10, i. 5, 10, 61n, 64n, 334n;

war with Barka Khan, 8n, 103n;

takes Baghdad and puts Khalif to death, 63, 66n, 85n, 86n;

the Ismailites and the Old Man, 145, 245, 247n

—— his treachery, ii. 181n;

his descendants, 477;

battle with Barca, 494;

his followers, 495

Hullukluk, village, near Sivas, i. 45n

Human fat, used for combustion in war, ii. 180n

—— sacrifices, i. 208n

Humáyún, Emperor, i. 155n, 277n

Humboldt, 106, 107, 110, 120, i. 178n

Hunáwar (Onore, Hinaur), ii. 390n, 440n

Hundred Eyes, prophecy of the, ii. 145, 146, 149n

Hundwáníy (ondanique), Indian steel, i. 93n

Hungary, Hungarians, ii. 286n, 492n

Hung Hao, Chinese author, i. 212n

Hun-ho (Sanghin River), ii. 5n, 6n

Hunting equipment and Expedition, Kúblái’s, i. 397, 398n, 404;

Kang-hi’s, 407n

—— preserves, ii. 13.

(See also Sport.)

Hutton, Captain, i. 100n

Hwa-chau, ii. 29n

Hwai-lu, or Hwo-lu-h’ien (Khavailu), the Birmingham of N. Shansi, ii. 15n

Hwai-ngan-fu (Coiganju), ii. 152n

Hwai River, ii. 143n, 152n

Hwang-ho (Yellow River), i. 245n, 282n, 286n, ii. 23n, 25n, 27n;

changes in its courses, 137n, 142n, 143n;

its embankments, 143n

Hwan-ho, ii. 6n

Hyena, i. 378n

Hyrcania, king of, i. 57n

Iabadiu, ii. 286n

Ibn-al-Furāt, i. 67n

Ibn Batuta (Moorish traveller, circa A.D. 1330–1350), i. 4n–9n, 37n, 44n, 46n, 65n, 75n, 76n, 85n, 101n, 110n, 111n, 116n, 120n, 148n, 150n, 151n, 161n, 165n, 202n, 247n, 294n, 346n, 396n–410n, ii. 116n, 163n, 214n, 282n, 286n, 312n, 322n, 337n, 346n, 380n, 391n, 413n, 440n, 444n, 445n, 465n;

his account of Chinese juggling, i. 316n;

his account of Khansá (Kinsay), 214n;

of Zayton, 238n;

in Sumatra, 289n, 294n;

on Camphor, 303n;

in Ceylon, 315n, 322n, 337n;

at Kaulam, 377n, 380n;

in Malabar, 391n;

sees Rukh, 419n;

his account of Maldives, 425n;

dog-sledges, ii. 481n, 483n;

Market in Land of Darkness, 486n;

on Silver Mines of Russia, 488n

Ibn Fozlán, see Fozlán

Ichin-hien, ii. 154n, 168n, 173n

Ichthyophagous cattle and people, ii. 442, 443, 444n

Icon Amlac, king of Abyssinia, ii. 434n–436n

Iconium (Kuniyah, Conia), i. 43, 44n

Idolatry (Buddhism) and Idolaters, in Kashmir, i. 166, 168n;

their decalogue, 167, 170n;

Pashai, 172;

Tangut, 203, 207n;

Kamul, 210;

Kanchau, 219, 221n;

Chingintalas, 212;

Suhchau, 217;

Etzina, their fasting days, 220, 222n, 223;

Tartars and Cathayans, 263, 343, 445, 456;

Erguiul, 274;

Egrigaia, 281;

Tenduc, 284, 285;

Chandu, 300–303;

at Kúblái’s birthday feast, 387;

Cachanfu, ii. 23;

Kenjanfu, 24;

Acbalec Manzi, 33;

Sindafu, 37;

Tibet, 45, 49;

Caindu, 53;

Yachi, 66;

Carajan, 76;

Zardandan, 84;

Mien, 109;

Caugigu, 116;

Coloman, 122;

Cuiju, 124;

Cacanfu, 132;

Chinangli, 135;

Sinjumatu, 138;

Coiganju, 151;

Paukin, 152;

Tiju, 153;

Nanghin, 157;

Chinghianfu, 176;

Tanpiju, 218;

Chipangu, 253;

Chamba, 266;

Sumatra, 284, 292, 299;

Nicobars, 306;

Mutfili, 360;

Coilum, 375;

Eli, 385;

Malabar, 389;

Tana, 395;

Cambaet, 397;

Semenat, 398;

Far North, 479

—— Origin of, ii. 318, 319;

of Brahmans, 364;

of Jogis, 365

Idols, Tartar, i. 257, 258n, 456, ii. 479;

Tangut, 203–207n;

colossal, 219, 221n;

of Cathay, 263;

of Bacsi or Lamas, 302;

of Sensin, 303, 323n–326n;

of East generally, 263, 265n;

in India, 340, 345

Ιερόδουλοι, ii. 351n

Ieu, Gnostics of, ii. 321n

Ifat, Aufat, ii. 435n

Ig, Ij, or Irej, capital of the Shawánkárs, i. 86

Igba Zion, Iakba Siun, king of Abyssinia, ii. 435n

Ilchi, commissioner, i. 30n

Ilchi, modern capital of Khotan, i. 189n, 190n

Ilchigadai Khan, i. 186n

Ilija, hot springs at, i. 47n

Ilkhan, the title, 10

Ilyáts, nomads of Persia, i. 85

Imáms of the Ismailites, i. 146n

Im Thurn, Everard, on Couvade, ii. 94n

Incense, Sumatran, ii. 286;

brown in West India, 395, 396n;

white (i.e. frankincense), in Arabia, 396n, 442, 443n, 445, 446n–449n

India, 12, i. 1, 107, 109, 167, 414, ii. 76, 78, 107, 115, 119, 236, 249;

horse trade to, i. 83, 86n;

trade to Manzi or China from, ii. 190, 216, 390, 395;

believed to breed no horses, 340, 342, 438, 450;

trade with Persia and Arabia, 370;

western limits of, 401, 402n;

islands of, 423, 425n;

division of, 424;

sundry lists of States, 426n–427n;

trade with Aden and Egypt, 438;

with Arabian ports, 442, 444, 450;

confusion of Ethiopia and, 432n

India, the Greater, ii. 331 seqq., 401, 424

—— its extent, ii. 425n, 426n

—— the Lesser, ii. 424, 425n–426n

—— Middle (Abyssinia), ii. 423, 427

—— remarks on this title, ii. 431n

—— Maxima, ii. 426n

—— Tertia, ii. 425n

—— Superior, ii. 426n

—— Sea of, i. 35, 63, 108, 166, ii. 265, 424

Indian drugs to prolong life, ii. 370n

—— geography, dislocation of Polo’s, ii. 377n, 390n, 396n, 403n, 426n

—— nuts, see Coco-nut

—— steel (ondanique), i. 93n

Indies, the Three, and their distribution, ii. 424, 426n

Indifference, religious, of Mongol Emperors, i. 14n, 349n

Indigo, mode of manufacture at Coilum, ii. 375, 381n, 382n;

in Guzerat, 393;

Cambay, 398;

prohibited by London Painters’ Guild, 382n

Indo-China, ii. 426n

Indragiri River, ii. 283n

Infants, exposure of, ii. 147, 151n

Ingushes of Caucasus, i. 268n

Innocent IV., Pope, i. 62n

Inscription, Jewish, at Kaifungfu, i. 346n

Insult, mode of, in South India, ii. 371

Intramural interment prohibited, i. 414

Invulnerability, devices for, ii. 259, 263n

’Irák, i. 74, 84n, 86n, 145n

Irghai, i. 281n

Irish, accused of eating their dead kin, ii. 298n

—— M.S. version of Polo’s Book, 102–103

Iron, in Kerman, i. 90, 92n, 93n, 94n;

in Cobinan, 125

Iron Gate (Derbend Pass), said to have been built by Alexander, i. 53n, 54n;

gate ascribed to, 57n, ii. 494

Irtish River, ii. 493n

Isaac, king of Abyssinia, ii. 432n, 433n

Isabel, queen of Little Armenia, i. 42n

Isabeni, ii. 432n

Isentemur (Sentemur, Essentemur), Kúblái’s grandson, ii. 64, 80n

Ish, the prefix, i. 156n

’Ishin, i. 119n

Ish-Káshm, i. 156n, 172n;

dialect, 160n, 173n

Iskandar, Shah of Malacca, ii. 282n

Islands, of the Indian Sea, ii. 249, 424, 426n;

of China, 251, 264;

in the Gulf of Cheinan, 266n;

Male and Female, 404 seqq.

Isle d’Orléans, ii. 277n

Isle of Rubies (Ceylon), ii. 314n

Ismaïl, Shah of Persia, i. 61n

Ismailites, see Assassins

Ispahan (Istanit, Istan, Spaan), kingdom of Persia, i. 83n, 85n

Israel in China, see Jews

Iteration, wearisome, ii. 133n

I-tsing, ii. 283n

Ivongo, ii. 414n

Ivory trade, ii. 423, 424n

’Izzuddín Muzaffar, suggests paper-money in Persia, i. 428n, 429n

Jacinth, ii. 362n

Jacobite Christians, at Mosul, i. 46, 60, 61n, ii. 409n, 432n–433n;

at Tauris, i. 75, 77n;

Yarkand, 187;

perhaps in China, 291n

Jacobs, Joseph, Barlaam and Josaphat, ii. 327n

Jadah, or Yadah-Tásh, i. 309n

Jade stone (jasper) of Khotan, i. 191, 193n, 194

Jaeschke, Rev. H. A., i. 209n, 243n, 314n, 324n

Jaffa, Count of, his galley, 40, 49

Jaipál, Raja, ii. 346n

Jájnagar, ii. 427n

Jaláluddín of Khwarizm, i. 91n, 236n

Jamáluddín-al-Thaibi, Lord of Kais, i. 65n, ii. 333n, 348n

Jamáluddin, envoy from Ma’bar to Khanbaligh, ii. 337n

Jambi River, ii. 283n

James of Aragon, king, i. 273n, ii. 163n

Jámisfulah (Gauenispola), ii. 307n

Jamúi Khátún, Kúblái’s favourite Queen, her kindness to the captured Chinese princesses, i. 38n, 358n, ii. 151n

Jangama sect, ii. 370n

Janibeg, Khan of Sarai, i. 6n, 264n, 352n

Japan, see Chipangu

Japanese paper-money, i. 428n

Jaroslawl, ii. 489n

Jase, stitched vessel, i. 117n

Jaspar (Gaspar), one of the Magi, i. 78, 82n

Jasper and chalcedony, i. 191, 193n

Jatolic, Játhalík, Jaselic, Gáthalík (καθολικός), i. 60, 61n

Jauchau, ii. 243n

Jaúzgún, former captain of Badakhshan, i. 156n

Java, the Great, 13;

described, ii. 272;

circuit, empires in, 275n;

Kúblái’s expedition against, ib.

Java, the Greater and Lesser, meaning of these terms, ii. 286n

Java, the Less, see Sumatra

Jawa, Jáwi, applied by Arabs to islands and products of the Archipelago generally, ii. 286n

Jaya-Sinhavarman II., king of Champa, ii. 271n

Jazirah, i. 61n

Jehangir (Jehan, Shah), i. 168n

Jenkinson, Anthony, i. 9n, 218n

Jerún (Zarun), island, site of the later Hormuz, i. 110n, 111n, 115n, 121n

Jerusalem, 130, i. 19

Jesuit maps, i. 408n

Jesujabus, Nestorian Patriarch, ii. 377n, 409n

Jews, their test of Mahommed’s prophetic character, i. 56n;

shut up by Alexander, ib.;

their connection with the Tartars, 57n;

in China, their inscription at Kaifungfu, 343, 346n, 347n;

in Coilum, ii. 375;

in Abyssinia, 427, 431n, 434n

Jibal, i. 81n

—— Naḳús, or “Hill of the Bell,” Sinai desert, i. 202n

Jibal-ul-Thabúl, “Hill of Drums,” near Mecca, i. 202n

Jiruft, i. 92n, 106n, 111n, 112n

Jogis (Chughi), ii. 365, 369n

John XXII., Pope, i. 4n, 5n, 186n

Johnson, his visit to Khotan, i. 189n, 190n, 192n, 195n, 198n

Johnston, Keith, i. 81n, ii. 67n

Johore, Sultan of, ii. 281n, 282n

Jon (Jihon, or Oxus) River, ii. 458, 466

Jordanus, Friar, i. 37n

Jor-fattan (Baliapatan), ii. 386n

Josephus, i. 49n, 57n, 66n

Jubb River, ii. 424n

Judi, Mount, i. 62n

Jugglers, at Khan’s feasts, i. 383, 386n, 392;

and gleemen conquer Mien, ii. 110, 114n

Juggling extraordinary, i. 316n, 318 et seq.

Juji, eldest son of Chinghiz, 10, i. 5n, 239n

Juju (Cho-chau), ii. 10, 11n, 127, 131n

Julman, ii. 485n

Junghuhu, on Batta cannibalism, ii. 288n;

on camphor trees, 303n

Junks, ii. 252n, 333n.

(See also Ships.)

Jupár, i. 113n

Justice, administration of Tartar, i. 266

Justinian, Emperor, i. 49n

Juzgána (Dogana), i. 152n

Kaan, and Khan, the titles, 10

Kaan, the Great, see Kúblái

Kaans, the series of, and their burial place, i. 245, 247n–250n;

massacre of all met by funeral party, 246, 250n

Kabul, i. 104n, 165n, ii. 402n

Kachkár (Ovis Vignei), wild sheep, i. 158, 163n

Kadapah, ii. 362n

Ḳafchikúe, ii. 128n

Káfirs of Hindu Kush, i. 165n;

their wine, 87n, 155n

Kahgyur, Tibetan Scripture, ii. 347n

Kahn-i-Panchur, i. 106n

Kaidu (Caidu) Khan, Kúblái’s cousin and life-long opponent, 11, i. 183, 186n, 187, 214n, ii. 148n;

plots with Nayan, i. 333, 334n, 348;

his differences with Kúblái, ii. 457;

and constant aggressions, 457–458;

his death, 459n;

his victorious expedition v. Kúblái, 459;

Kúblái’s resentment, 463;

his daughter’s valour, 463 seqq., 465n;

sends a host v. Abaga, 467

Kaifung-fu, Jews and their synagogues there, i. 346n, 347n;

siege of, ii. 158n

Kaikhátú (Kiacatu), Khan of Persia, seizes throne, i. 35, 38n;

his paper-money scheme, 428n;

his death, 428, ii. 475;

his dissolute character, i. 91n, ii. 475

Kaïkhosru I. and III., Seljukian dynasty, i. 44n

Kaïkobad I. and III., i. 44n

Kaikus, Izz ed-din, i. 44n

Káil, see Cail

Kaïn (Gháín), a city of Persia, i. 86n, 124n, 141n

Kaipingfu (Keibung, Kaiminfu, Kemenfu), i. 25, 227n, 304n, 306n

Kairat-ul-Arab, i. 112n

Kais, see Kish

Kaisaríya (Caesaræa, Casaria), i. 43, 44n, 49n

Kajjala, or Khajlak, a Mongol leader, i. 104n

Kakateya, dynasty, ii. 362n

Kakhyens, Kachyens, tribe in Western Yun-nan, ii. 74n, 82n, 90n, 120n

Ḳakula, ii. 279n

Kala’ Atishparastán (Cala Ataperistan), “The Castle of the Fire-Worshippers”), i. 78, 82n

Kala’ Safed, i. 85n

Kalaján (Calachan), i. 281, 282n

Kalámúr, ii. 427n

Kalantan, ii. 279n

Ḳalchi, Ḳalaḳchi, i. 380n

Kales Devar, king of Ma’bar, ii. 333n, 335n;

his enormous wealth, 333n

Kalgan, or Chang-kia-keu, i. 295n

Kalhát (Kalhátú, Calatu, Calaiate), i. 120n, ii. 348n;

described, 449–450, 451n;

idiom of, 451n

Kalidása, the poet, on the Yak, i. 278n

Kalikut, ii. 386n, 391n, 440n

Ḳálín, marriage prices, i. 256n, 392n

Kalinga, ii. 329n, 330n

Kalinjar, ii. 426n

Kalmia angustifolia, poisonous, i. 219n

Kamál Malik, i. 68n

Ḳamárah, Ḳomar, ii. 279n

Kamasal (Conosalmi), Kahn-i-asal, “The honey canal,” i. 99, 106n

Kambala, Kúblái’s grandson, i. 361n

Kambáyat (Cambay), ii. 398n

Kamboja (Chinla), ii. 134n, 278n, 374n

Kampar, district and River, Buddhist ruins, ii. 283n

Kamul (Komal, Camul), the Mongol Khamil, Chinese Hami, i. 209, 211n, 214n

Kanát, or Kárez, underground stream, i. 123, 124n

Kanát-ul-Shám (Conosalmi), i. 106n

Kanauj, ii. 427n

Ḳanbălú Island, ii. 414n

Kanchau (Campichu), i. 219, 220n

Ḳandahár, Ḳandar, Gandhára, ii. 72n, 73n, 329n, 402n

Kandy, ii. 328n

Kanerkes, or Kanishka, king, i. 168n;

coins of, 173n

Kang-hi, Emperor, i. 251n, 407n, ii. 8n, 182n

Kank, i. 194n, 195n

Kanp’u (Ganpu), old Port of Hang-chau, ii. 198n, 199n

Kansan, see Shen-si

Kansuh, i. 206n, 220n

Kao Hoshang, i. 422n

Kao-Tsung, Emperor, ii. 28n

Kao-yu (Cayu), ii. 153n

Kapilavastu, ii. 322n

Kapukada, Capucate, ii. 380n

Ḳarábughá, Carabya, Calabra, a military engine, ii. 168n

Kará Hulun, ii. 485n

Karájáng (Carajan, or Yun-nan), ii. 64, 67n, 72n, 73n, 80n

Karákásh (“black jade”) River, i. 193n

Karákhitaian Empire, i. 231n

—— Princes of Kerman, i. 91n

Kará Khoja, i. 214n

Karakorum (Caracoron), i. 66n, 226, 227n, 269, ii. 460

Kara Kumiz, special kind of Kumiz, i. 259n

Karámúren (Caramoran) River, Mongol name for the Hwang-ho, or Yellow River, i. 245n, 282n, 286n, ii. 22, 23n

Karana, meaning of, i. 101n

Karáni (vulgo Cranny), i. 101n

Karanút, a Mongol sept, i, 101n

Ḳaraún Jidun, or Khidun, i. 101n

Karaunahs (Caraonas), a robber tribe, i. 98, 101n, 121n

Karavat, an instrument for self-decollation, ii. 349n

Karens, ii. 74n

Karmathian, heretics, i. 187n

Karnúl, ii. 362n

Karráh, ii. 427n

Karra-Mánikpúr, i. 86n

Kartazōnon, Karkaddan, rhinoceros, ii. 291n

Kaṣaidi Arabs, ii. 443n

Kash, jade, i. 193n

Kashan, i. 81n

Káshgar (Cascar), i. 180, 182n;

Chankans of, 193n, ii. 594n

Kashísh (Casses), i. 70n, ii. 409n

Kashmír (Keshimur), i. 104n, 164n, 166;

Buddhism, 166, 168n;

beauty of the women, 166, 169n;

conjurers, 166, 168n;

the language of, 168n;

sorcery in, ii. 593

Kashmiris, i. 76n, 166

Kasia, people and hills, ii. 59n

Kasyapa Buddha, ii. 356n

Kataghan, breed of horses, i. 162n

Ḳaṭar pirates, ii. 409n

Kátif, ii. 348n

Kattiawár, ii. 395n;

pirates, 400n

Kaulam, see Coilum

Kaulam-Malé, ii. 377n

Kauli (Cauly), Corea, i. 343, 345n

Kaunchi (Conchi), Khan, ii. 479, 481n

Káveripattanam, ii. 335n

Káveri River, delta of, ii. 335n

Kavir, saline swamp, i. 124n

Kavváyi, ii. 388n

Káyal, Káil, see Cail

—— Pattanam, ii. 372n

—— Punnei-, ii. 372n

Kayten, ii. 234n

Kazan, i. 6n, 7n

Kazáwinah, i. 101n

Kazbek, i. 54n

Kazvín (Casvin), i. 83, 84n, 101n, 141n

Keary, C. F., i. 429n

Kebteul, night-watch, i. 381n

Kehran, ii. 426n

Keiaz tribe, i. 179n

Keibung (Kaipingfu), i. 25, 227n, 304n, 306n

Kelinfu (Kienning-fu), City, its bridges, ii. 225, 228n, 229n, 234n

Kemenfu, see Kaipingfu

Kenjanfu (Si-ngan fu), ii. 24, 25n, 27n–29n

Keraits, a great Tartar tribe, i. 236n, 237n, 271n, 287n, 288n

Kerala, ii. 390n

Keria, see Kiria

Keriza River, ii. 595n

Kermán, i. 89n, 90, 109, 110, ii. 452;

route to Hormus from, i. 91, 107, 110;

steel manufacture, its industries, 96n;

king of, Atabeg of, 107, 110;

stitched vessels of, 117n;

desert of, 123, 124n

Kerulen (K’i-lien) valley, the Khans’ burial-ground, i. 248n

Keshican (Keshikten), Kúblái’s life-guard, i. 379, 380n, 381n, 394n

Kesmacoran (Kij-Makrán), i. 86n, ii. 401, 402n;

Kij-Makrán, 402n

Keuyung Kwan, village, i. 28n

Khakán, the word, 10

Khalif (Calif) Mosta’Sim Billah of Baghdad, i. 63;

taken by Hulákú and starved to death, 64;

plot v. the Christians laid by a former—the miracle of the mountain, 69–73;

becomes secretly a Christian, 73

Khalíj, ii. 439n

Khàm, stuff made with cotton thread, i. 190n

Khambavati (Cambay), ii. 398n

Khanabad (Dogana?), i. 156n

Khán Bádshah of Khotan, i. 189n

Khánbalík, see Cambaluc

Khanfu, ii. 199n

Khanikoff, N. de (travels in Persia), i. 49n, 53n, 58n, 74n, 89n, 91n, 92n, 96n, 101n, 106n, 114n, 121n, 124n, 141n, 150n, 193n

Khanjár-i-Hundwán, hanger of Indian steel, i. 93n

Khán-khánán, a title, 10

Khanoolla (Mount Royal), site of Chinghiz’s tomb, i. 247n

Khansâ, ii. 199n, 214n

Kharesem, Mount, i. 155n

Khato-tribe, ii. 120n

Khátún-gol, or “Lady’s River,” i.e. Hwang-ho, i. 245n, 249n

Khatun, title of Khan’s wives, 10

Khavailu (Hwo-lu h’ien), ii. 15n

Khazars, the, i. 7n, ii. 492n

Khilak, i. 54n

Khimka, ii. 238n

Khinsá, Khingsai, Khinzai, ii. 144n, 175n, 214n.

(See Kinsay.)

Khitan, Khitai, 11

—— character, i. 28n

—— dynasty of Liao, i. 232n, 288n, ii. 20n

Khmer, ii. 279n

Khodabanda, Ilkhan of Kermán, i. 91n, 103n

Khojas, name of modern Ismailite sect, i. 146n, 163n

Khorasan, province, i. 38n, 128n, 131n, 135n, 150n, ii. 467n, 474n;

turquoises of, i. 92n

Khormuzda, supreme deity of the Tartars, i. 257n

Khotan (Cotan), i. 188, 195n, 197n, ii. 594n, 595n;

fruits, i. 190n;

routes between China and, 191n;

buried cities of, 192n;

its jade, 193n

Khumbavati (Cambay), ii. 398n

Khumdán, ii. 27n

Khusrú, Amír, Indian poet, i. 48n, 96n, 104n

Khutuktai Setzen, Prince of the Ordos, i. 257n

Khwarizm, i. 9n

Kiacatu, see Kaikhátú

Kiahing (Ciangan, Canigan), ii. 185n

Kiai- or Hiai-chau (Caichu), ii. 19n

Kiakhta, i. 56n, 218n

Kia-k’ing, Emperor, ii. 143n

Kiang, the Great (Kian and Kian-Suy, and in its highest course Brius, the Kinsha Kiang), ii. 36, 56, 59n, 60n, 64, 67n, 69n, 70n, 72n, 129n–131n, 149n, 154n;

its vastness, and numerous craft, 170, 171, 173n;

steamers on, 173n, 174n;

its former debouchure to the south, and changes, i. 199n

Kiang-Ché, ii. 157n, 217n, 224n;

limits of, 218n

Kiang-Hung, Xieng-Hung, ii. 117n, 127n–129n, 131n

Kiangka, ii. 48n

Kiang-mai, Xieng-mai, Zimmé, ii. 117n, 128n, 279n

Kiangshan, ii. 224n

Kiangsi, ii. 228n

Kiang-su, ii. 135n

Kiang-suy (-shui) River, ii. 36, 40n

Kiangtheu, ii. 105n, 111n, 113n

Kiang-Tung, ii. 117n, 279n

Kiao-chi (Tungking), Chinese etymology of, ii. 119n, 128n

Kia Tsing, Emperor, a great bridge builder, ii. 6n

Kichau Castle, ii. 26n

Kieh-Ch’a, ii. 283n

K’ien-ch’ang, Kiung-tu (Caindu), ii. 70n–72n

Kien-chau, ii. 232n

Kien-Kwé, ii. 232n

Kien-lung, Emperor, ii. 8n, 196n

Kien-ning fu (Kelinfu), ii. 228n

Kiepert, Map of Asia, i. 197n

Kij-Makrán (Kesmacoran), i. 86n

Kila’-i-Gabr, “Gueber Castle,” i. 81n, 82n

Kilimanchi River, ii. 424n

Kiming shan Mountains, gold and silver mines, i. 295n

Kimiz, kumiz (kemiz), mare’s milk,

—Tartar beverage, i. 257, 259n

Kin, or Golden Dynasty in N. China, 12, i. 28n, 231n, 288n, ii. 8n, 19n, 168n, 190n;

their paper-money, i. 426n, 430n;

story of their Golden King, ii. 17–22

Kincha, Chinese name for Kipchak, ii. 179n

Kin-Chi, or Gold-Teeth (Zardandan), 84–90n

King of the Abraiaman, ii. 364

—— of England, Kúblái’s message to, i. 34;

intercourse with Mongol princes, 36n, ii. 177n

—— of France, Kúblái’s message to, i. 34

—— of Spain, Kúblái’s message to, i. 34, ii. 477n

—— Rev. C. W., i. 370n

Kings of Maabar, the five brothers, ii. 331, 333n, 334n, 337n, 338–339, 370, 371;

their mother’s efforts to check their broils, 371

—— subordinate, or Viceroys, in China, i. 360, 361n, ii. 24, 64, 76, 79n, 190, 199n

—— Tartar, of the Ponent, ii. 490, 492n

Kingsmill, T. W., ii. 154n, 184n, 194n, 220n

King-tê-chên, porcelain manufacture, ii. 243n

K’ing-yüan (Ning-po), ii. 238n

Kin-hwa fu, ii. 222n

Kinki, Kimkhá, ii. 238n

Kinsay (King-szé, or “Capital,” Khansá, Khinsá, Khingsai, Khanzai, Cansay, Campsay), formerly Lin-ngan now Hang-chau fu, 11, ii. 146, 149n, 193n;

its surrender to Bayan, 146, 149n;

extreme public security, 147;

alleged meaning of the name, 182, 184n, 185;

described, 185–208;

bridges, 185, 187, 194n;

hereditary trades, guilds and wealthy craftsmen and their dainty wives, 186, 196n;

the lake, islands and garden-houses, 186, 187, 196n;

stone-towers—inhabitants’ clothing and food, 187, 197n–198n;

guards and police regulations, 187–188;

fires, 188;

alarm towers, paved streets, 189;

revenue, 189, 190, 215, 216, 217n, 218n;

pavements, public baths, port of Ganfu, 189, 198n, 199n;

the province and other provinces of Manzi, garrisons, 190, 200n;

horoscopes, funeral rites, 191, 200n;

palace of the expelled king, 192;

church, house registers, 192, 200n;

hostel regulations, 193;

canals, 200;

markets and squares, 201, 209n;

fruits and fish shops, 202, 210n;

women of the town, physicians and astrologers, courts of justice, 203;

vast consumption of pepper, 204, 210n;

inhabitants’ character—their behaviour to women and foreigners, 204, 210n, 211n;

hatred of soldiers, 205;

pleasures on the lake and in carriage excursions, 205, 211n;

palace of the king, 206;

the king’s effeminacy and ruin, 207–208, 211n;

tides, 208n;

plan of, 209n;

notices by various writers of, 213n;

wealth of, 245n;

ships, 255, 260n

Kin-sha Kiang, “River of Golden Sands” (upper branch of Great Kiang, Brius), ii. 36, 56, 64, 67n, 69n, 70n, 72n

Kinshan, see Golden Island

Kinto, or Hintu, Mongol general, ii. 260n

Kipchak (Ponent), Southern Russia, events related by Polo in, 23, i. 5, 6n, ii. 490 seqq.;

sovereigns, 492n;

people of, 493n;

extent of empire, ib.

Kirghiz Kazak, i. 313n

Kirghiz, the, i. 162n, 176n, 309n, ii. 362n

Kiria, i. 192n, 195n, ii. 595n

Kirk, Sir John, and Raphia palm, ii. 597n

Kis, Kish, or Kais (Kisi), now Ghes, or Kem, island in Persian Gulf, i. 63, 64n, 83, 452;

merchants, ii. 340;

described, 453n

Kishik, Kishikan, Kizik, Keshikchi, see Keshican

Kishm (Casem), i. 153, 155n, 156n, 173n

—— or Brakht (Oaracta), island in the Persian Gulf, i. 115n, 121n

Kistna River, ii. 362n

Kitubuka, General, i. 85n

Kiu-chau, ii. 222n

Kiulan (Quilon), see Coilum

Kizil Irmak, the, i. 45n

Kizil River, i. 54n

Kneeling oxen, i. 97, 99n

Kobad, the Sassanian, i. 53n

Kobdo, i. 215n

Koh-Banán (Cobinan), i. 125

Koja (Coja), a Tartar envoy from Persia, i. 32, 33n, 38n

Kokcha River, i. 154n–156n, 162n

Kok-Tash, greenstone of Samarkand, i. 187n

Kolastri, or Kolatiri Rajas, ii. 387n

Ko-li-ki-sze, i. 289n

Kolkhoi of Ptolemy, identified, ii. 373n

Kollam, see Coilum

Koloman, see Coloman

Kolyma, bird-hunting at, i. 272n

Κώμακον, ii. 391n

Ḳomár, ii. 279n, 383n

Κομάρια ἄκρον, ii. 382n

Konár tree, Marco Polo’s apples of Paradise, i. 99n

Kondachi, 337n

Konkan, Konkan-Tána, ii. 367n, 390n, 396n

Korano, epithet on Indo-Scythic coins, i. 101n

Korea, History of, ii. 262n

Koresh king, i. 82n

Kornish, or K’o-tow (Khén-théu), i. 391, 393n

Kosakio, a general against Japan, ii. 260n

Kosseir, ii. 439n

Kotcheres, Kurds of Mosul, i. 62n

Kotlogh, or Kutlugh, Sultan of Kerman, i. 91n

Kotlogh Shah, the Chaghataian prince, i. 104n, 121n

Kotrobah Island, ii. 409n

Kouyunjik, sculptures at, i. 100n

Kozlov, Lieutenant K. P., on the Lob-nor, i. 199n

Kuang-chou, ii. 239n

Kúbenán (Cobinan), a Kuh-banán “Hill of the Terebinths or Wild Pistachios,” i. 123, 124n

Kúblái (Cublay), Káán, the Great Khán, i. 8n, 10, 11, 12, 15;

his envoys meet the two elder Polos, 10;

receives and questions the Polos, 11, 12;

sends them as envoys to the Pope, 13;

his desire for Christian teachers, and for oil from the lamp in the Holy Sepulchre, 13, 14;

gives them a Golden Tablet, 15;

his reception of the three Polos, 26;

sends Marco on an embassy, 27;

Marco grows in favour, 30;

allows the Polos to depart with Tablets of Authority, 33–35;

rumour of his death, 38n;

sends a napkin of asbestos to the Pope, 213;

his greatness and power, 246, 247n, 331;

his milk libations, 300;

his inscription at Shangtu, 304n;

Chinghiz’s prophecy, 331n;

his lineage, age, and accession, 332;

Nayan’s revolt, 333;

Nayan’s defeat and death, 336–343;

rebukes anti-Christian gibes, 344;

returns to Cambaluc, 348;

treats four religions with equal respect, 348n;

his views on Christianity, 349n;

how he rewards his captains, 350;

his personal appearance, 356;

his wives and ladies-in-waiting, 356–358;

his palace at Cambaluc, 362;

builds Cambaluc city, 374;

his bodyguard, 379;

order of his feasts, 381;

celebration of his birthday, 387;

his distribution of robes, 387, 394;

his New Year’s feast, 390;

his elephants, 391;

the K’o-tow, 391, 393n;

adopts Chinese ancestor-worship, 392n;

his game laws, 396;

his hunting establishment, 397;

his masters of hounds, 400;

how he goes a-hunting, 402;

how his year is spent, 410;

Ahmad’s influence, oppression, and death, 416–420;

his treatment of Mahomedans, 422n;

his mint and paper-money, 423;

his purchase of valuables, 425;

his twelve great Barons, 430;

his posts and runners, 433;

remission of taxes, 439, 443;

his justice, 440n;

a tree planter, 440;

his store of corn, 443;

charity to the poor, 445;

his astrologers, 446;

gaol deliveries, and prohibition of gambling, 457;

his early campaign in Yun-nan, ii. 46n, 79, 80n;

and the king of Mien and Bangala, 98, 110, 114n;

Litan’s plot, 136;

sends Bayan to invade Manzi, 145;

his dealings with Bayan, 148n, 149n;

satisfied with the Polo’s mangonels, 159;

appoints Mar Sarghis governor of Chinghian-fu, 177;

the city of Kinsay, 186–190;

his revenue from Kinsay, 215;

from Zayton, 235;

his expedition against Chipangu (Japan), 255;

sends force against Chamba, 267, 270n;

attempts to gain Java, 272, 275n;

his death, 275n;

sends to buy Ceylon ruby, 313, 315n;

sends for religions of Sakya, 319;

testifies to miraculous powers of Sakya’s dish, 320;

intercourse with Ma’bar, 337n;

with Kaulam, 378n;

missions to Madagascar, 412–413;

Kaidu’s wars with him, 457 seqq.

—— Khan, territories and people subject to (Turkistan), i. 180, 188, 191, 196;

(Tangut and Mongolia), 203, 212, 217, 269, 274, 281, 284, 285;

(Tibetan frontier and Yun-nan), ii. 50, 53, 64, 109, 116, 119, 122;

(Western China), 124, 127;

(N. Eastern China), 132, 135, 138, 140, 141;

(Manzi), 151–153;

(Sinju), 170;

(Caiju), 174;

Chinghian-fu, 176;

(Chinginju), 178;

(Suju), 181;

(Tanpigu), 218;

(Chonka), 231;

(Zayton), 234;

(Chamba), 267;

(Sumatra), 272, 285, 292, 299

Kuché character, i. 211n

Kudatku Bilik, an Uíghúr poem, i. 28n

Kuhistan, or Hill country of Persia, i. 86n

Kúkachin, see Cocachin

Kúkin-Tána, ii. 396n

Kukju (Genkju), Kúblái’s son, i. 361n

Kuku-Khotan (Blue Town), depôt for Mongolian trade with China, i. 278n, 286n, 287n

Ku-kwan, Customs’ Barrier, ii. 14n

Kuláb, lions in, i. 152n;

Salt Mines, 154n

Kulan, Asinus Onager, the Gor Khar of Persia, i. 89n

Kulasaikera, ii. 335n

Kumár, see Ḳomár

Kumhări, Kumari, see Comari

Kumiz, kimiz (kemiz), Mare’s milk, Tartar beverage, i. 257, 259n, 300;

sprinkling of, 308n, 309n, 385n, 411

Kummájar, ii. 491n

Kúnbúm Monastery, i. 319n

Kunduz, i. 152n, 154n

Kunduz (beaver or sable), i. 410n

Kunduz-Baghlán, i. 86n

Kung-ki-cheng (Fei-ch’eng), ii. 6n, 8n

Kunguráts, Kunkuráts (Ungrat), a Mongol tribe, i. 38n, 101n, 359n, 360

Kunichi (Cunichi, or Chinuchi), “The Keepers of the Mastiff Dogs,” i. 400

Kuniyah (Conia), Iconium, Koniah, i. 43, 44n 356n

Kunlun (Pulo Condore), ii. 277n

Kurd dynasty, i. 85n

Kurdistan (Curdistan), i. 9n, 62n, 83, 84n

Kurds, the, i. 60, 62n, 85n

Kúreh-i-Ardeshír (Kuwáshír), i. 91n

Kuria Maria Islands, ii. 405n

Kuridai, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n

Kúrkah, great drum, i. 340n, 341n

Kurmishi, ii. 474n

Kurshids of Lúristán, i. 85n

Kurut (Curd), i. 262, 265n

Kus, Cos (in Egypt), ii. 439n

Kushluk, the Naiman, ii. 20n

Kutan, son of Okkodai, ii. 32n

Kutchluk Khan (Buddhist), Chief of the Naïmans, i. 188n

Kutuktemur, Kúblái’s son, i. 361n

Kutulun, Princess, ii. 465n

Kuwinji, see Kaunchi

Kuyuk Khan, i. 14n, 245, 247n

Kwa-chau (Caiju), at mouth of Great Canabon Yang-tse-Kiang, ii. 144n, 175n

Kwan Hsien, ii. 41n

Kwansinfu, ii. 221n, 224n

Kwawa, i.e. Java, etymology, ii. 119n

Kwei-chau (Cuiju), ii. 82n, 124n, 127n, 129n

Kwei-hwa-ch’eng, or Kuku Khotan, i. 278n, 286n, 287n

Kweilei River, i. 345n

Kyŭng-sang province, ii. 262n

Lac (Wallachia), Lacz, i. 54n, ii. 487, 489n, 490, 491n

Ladies’ dresses in Badakhshan, i. 160, 163n

Ladies of Kinsay, ii. 186

Lagong, ii. 279n

Lahore (Dalivar, Dilivar), i. 99, 104n, 105n, ii. 426n, 427n

Lahsá, ii. 348n

Lájwurd mines, i. 162n

Lake, Caindu, ii. 53, 72n

—— Fanchau, ii. 29n

—— Kinsay, ii. 186, 196n, 200, 214n

—— of Palace at Cambaluc, i. 365, 370n

—— Pleasure parties on, ii. 205, 211n

—— Talifu, ii. 80

—— Yunnan-fu, ii. 66

Laknaoti, ii. 427n

Lakshamana Deva, king of Kashmir, i. 104n

Lamas of Tibetan Buddhism, i. 28n;

their superstitions and rites, 204, 207n, 220, 221n–223n, 301, 302, 314n, 315n;

their monasteries, 303, 319n;

marriage, 303, 319n.

(See also Bakhshi.)

Lambri, kingdom of, ii. 299, 300n, 306, 307n;

situation of, 301n

Lances of Sago Palm, ii. 305n

Lanchang, ii. 279n

Land of Darkness, ii. 484 seqq.;

market in, 486n

Langdarma, i. 168n, 170n

Langting Balghasun, i. 306n

Languages used in Mongol Court and administration, i. 27, 28n–30n

Lan-Ho, i. 305

Lanja Bálús, or Lankha bálús, ii. 308n

Lanka (Ceylon), ii. 320n

Lan Ki Hien (Nan-Che-hien), ii. 222n, 224n

Lanner Falcons, i. 158, 162n, ii. 50

Lan-tsang kiang (Mekong) River, ii. 88n, 128n

Lao-Kiun, or Lao-Tseu, the Philosopher, i. 322n, 325n, 326n

Laos, people of, ii. 91n, 117n, 120n, 128n

Lar, or Láṭ-desa, ii. 367n

—— province, ii. 363, 367n, 403n

Latin version of Polo’s Book, 63, 81, 90, 95, 100

Latins, the term, i. 10, 12, 32

Latsé, Tibetan for musk, i. 279n

Lauredano, Agnes, ii. 520n

Laurus Camphora, ii. 237n

Lawek, Lawáki, ii. 278n–279n

Laxities of marriage customs, see Marriage

Layard, Mr., i. 85n

Layas, see Ayas

—— Gulf of, i. 17n

Leather, i. 395, 398;

embroidered mats of Guzerat, 393–394, 395n

Leaves, used for plates, ii. 365;

green leaves said to have a soul, 366

Lecomte on Chinese war vessels, i. 37n

Lembeser, Ismaelite fortress, i. 146n

Lenzin, ii. 141n

Leon I., king of Lesser Armenia, i. 42n

Leon II., king of Lesser Armenia, i. 44n

Leon III., king of Lesser Armenia, i. 25n

Leon VI., last king of Lesser Armenia, i. 42n

Leopards, ii. 282, 411, 431;

taught to sit on horseback, i. 299;

(Cheetas) kept for the Chase by Kúblái, 397

Lepechin, Professor, i. 9n

Le Strange, Guy, i. 67n, 92n

Leung Shan, i. 245n

Levant, term applied by Polo to the kingdom of the Mongol Khans, i. 1, 5, 8n, 10, 32, 36, 44, 63, 84, 246, 270, ii. 50, 376, 466, 477, 491, 494

Lewchew, ii. 391n

Lewis, see St. Lewis

Lewis XI. and XII. (France), i. 398n

Lew-sha, old Chinese name for Lop Desert, i. 198n, 201n

Leyes, see Ayas

Lhása, ii. 45n, 70n, 74n;

Labrang Monastery at, i. 319n

Li, Chinese measure, supposed to be confounded with miles, ii. 193n, 194n, 209n

Liampo (Ningpo), ii. 228n, 239n

Liang, or tael, i. 426n, 427n

Liang-chau in Kansuh, i. 29n, 276n, 281n

Liao dynasty, 12, i. 232n, 288n

Liao-tong, i. 289n, 334n, 345n

Libanos, Λιβανοφόρος and Λιβανωτοφόρος χώρα, ii. 445n–446n

Libro d’Oro, 14

Licinius, Emperor, i. 45n

Lidé (Liti), ii. 297n, 305n

Lieuli Ho, ii. 6n

Lign-aloes (eagle-wood), ii. 87, 268;

etymology, 271n;

in Sumatra, 284, 287n

Ligor, ii. 278n

Ligurium, the precious stone, Liguire, i. 398n

Li H’ien, Tartar ruler of Tangut, i. 206n

Likamankwas of Abyssinian kings, ii. 348n

Li-kiang fu, ii. 73n, 90n

Limyrica, ii. 408n

Lindley, i. 99n

Lindsay, Hon. R., ii. 46n, 74n

Linga, ii. 370n

Linju, ii. 140, 141n

Lin-ngan (Hang-chau), ii. 149n, 195n

Lin-ngan in Yun-nan, ii. 120n, 122n, 129n

Lintching-y, or Lingchinghien, ii. 141n

Lin-t’sing chau, ii. 139n

Lion and Sun, i. 352n

Lions, black, ii. 376, 382n, 422

—— on the Oxus, i. 151;

Chinese notion of, i. 399n

—— (apparently for tigers) kept for the chase by Kúblái, i. 397, ii. 31, 42, 56, 214, 219;

skins of striped, i. 405;

how hunted with dogs, ii. 126.

(See also Tigers.)

Lion’s Head Tablets, i. 35, 350, 352n

Lire, various Venetian, 66, 71, ii. 591n–592n

—— of gold, 73

Lisbon, ii. 391n

Lissu, or Lisau tribe, ii. 60n, 90n

Litai, ii. 301n

Litan, rebellion of, i. 313n, ii. 136, 138n

Lithang, ii. 48n, 56n, 67n

Little Orphan Rock, ii. 174n

Liu Pang, founder of 1st Han dynasty, ii. 32n

Liu Pei (Luo Pé), of the Han dynasty, ii. 32n, 38n

Livre des Merveilles, 121, ii. 527n

Livres of gold, ii. 442

—— Parisis, 90, ii. 590n

—— Tournois, i. 83, 86n, ii. 590n

Li Yuan-hao, founder of the Hsi Hsia dynasty, Tangut, i. 206n

Lo, tribes of S.W. China so-called, ii. 123n, 124n, 129n

—— Chinese name of part of Siam, ii. 278n

Lob, see Lop

Locac, kingdom of, ii. 276, 277n–280n

Lockhart, Dr. W., i. 372n, 377n, ii. 8n, 27n, 82n, 124n

Lokok, ii. 278n–280n

Lolo tribes, ii. 60n–63n, 69n, 70n, 123n

Longevity of Brahmins and Jogis, ii. 365, 369n

Longfellow, i. 67n

Lop, city and lake, i. 194, 196;

desert, 196, 197

Lophāburi, ii. 278n

Loping, ii. 129n, 130

Lor, see Lúristan

Lord, Dr. Percival, i. 160n

Löss, brownish-yellow loam, ii. 14n

Loups cerviers (lynx), i. 398n

Low castes, ii. 349–350n

Lowatong River, ii. 130n

Loyang, Bridge of, ii. 241n

Lubán, ii. 446n, 449n

Lubán-Jáwi, ii. 286n

Lubán-Shehri, ii. 449n

Lubbies, ii. 372n

Lucky and unlucky hours and days, ii. 364, 368n

Luddur Deo, ii. 362n

Luh-ho-ta Pagoda, Hang-chau, ii. 193n, 194n

Lukon-Kiao (Hun-ho, Pulisanghin River), ii. 5n, 6n, 8n

Lukyn Port, ii. 279n, 280n

Lung-yin ii. 224n

Lúristan (Lor, Lur), kingdom of Persia, i. 83, 84n;

Great and Little, 85n;

character of Lurs or people of, 87n

Lusignan, John de, i. 42n

Lút, Desert of (Dasht-i-Lut), i. 124n, 127, 128n

Lu-tzŭ tribe, ii. 82n

Lynxes, trained to hunt, i. 397, 398n;

in Cuncun, ii. 31

Ma Twan-lin, the Chinese Pliny, i. 100n, 201n

Maaden, turquoise mines at, i. 92n

Maatum, or Nubia, ii. 431n

Ma’bar (Maabar, i.e. Coromandel coast), province of India, ii. 331, 332n, 338;

its brother kings, 331, 333n, 335n, 370, 371;

pearl fishery, 331, 335n, 337n;

etymology, 332n;

limits, 333n;

obscurity of history, 334n;

port visited by Polo, 335n;

nakedness of people, king, his jewels, 338–346;

his wives, “Trusty Lieges,” treasure, 339, 347n;

horses imported, 340;

superstitious customs, 340;

ox-worship, 341;

Govis, ib.;

no horses bred, 342, 350n;

other customs, 342;

mode of arrest for debt, 343, 350n;

great heat, 343;

regard for omens, 344, 351n;

astrology, treatment of boys, 344;

birds, girls consecrated to idols, 345, 351n;

customs in sleeping, 346, 352n;

ships at Madagascar, 412

Macartney’s Map, i. 173n, 292n

Macgregor, Sir C., “Journey through Khorasan,” i. 86n, 89n

Máchin, city of (Canton), ii. 175n

Máchin, Maháchin (Great China), used by Persian writers as synonymous with Manzi, ii. 35n, 144n, 175n

Maclagan, Major-General (R.E.), i. 105n, 155n

Madagascar (Madeigascar), ii. 411, 413n;

confused with Magadoxo, 414n;

etymology, 414n;

traces of ancient Arab colonisation, 414n

Mádái, Madavi, Maudoy, ii. 387n, 388n

Madjgars, ii. 491n–492n

Madar-Des, Eastern Panjáb, i. 104n

Madras, ii. 355n, 403n

Madura, ii. 333n, 334n, 335n

Maestro, or Great Bear, said to be invisible in Sumatra, ii. 292, 296n

Magadha, ii. 356n

Magadoxo, confused with Madagascar, ii. 414n

Magapatana, near Ceylon, ii. 283n

Magi, the three, i. 78–80;

legend as told by Mas’udi, 82n;

source of fancies about, 82n;

names assigned to, 83n

Magic, of Udyana, i. 164n;

Lamaitic, 301, 314n.

(See also Sorcerers.)

Magical darkness (dry fog and dust storms), i. 98, 105n

Magnet, Mount, ii. 418n

Magyars, ii. 491n–492n

Mahar Amlak, king of Abyssinia, ii. 436n

Mahávan, ii. 426n

Mahmúd Kalháti, prince of Hormuz, i. 121n

Mahmúd of Ghazni, i. 106n

Mahmúdíah Canal, ii. 439n

Mahomed (Mahommet), his account of Gog and Magog, i. 56n;

his Paradise, 140;

his alleged prophecy of the Mongols, 265n;

his use of mangonels, ii. 164n

Mahomed, supposed worship of idols of, i. 189n

—— II., uses the old engines of war, ii. 163n, 166n

—— Tarabi, 106n

—— Tughlak of Delhi, his copper token currency, 429n

—— Shah of Malacca, ii. 282n

Mahomedan revolts in China, ii. 29n, 74n, 80n

—— conversion of Malacca, 282n

—— conversion of states in Sumatra, 284, 288n, 294n, 295n, 300n–303n

—— butchers in Kashmir, i. 167

—— butchers in Maabar, ii. 342

—— king of Kayal, 374n

—— merchants at Kayal, 372n

—— settlements on Abyssinian coast, 434n

Mahomedans (Saracens), i. 414, 418;

in Turcomania, 43;

in and near Mausul, 60;

their universal hatred of Christians, 68, 72;

in Tauris, 75;

in Persia, 84;

their hypocrisy about wine, 87n;

at Yezd, 88;

Hormuz, 108;

Cobinan, 125;

Tonocain, 128;

Sapurgan, 149;

Taican, 153;

Badakhshan, 157;

Wakhan, etc., 170;

Kashgar, 180;

strife with Christians in Samarkand, 183;

Yarkand, 187;

Khotan, 188;

Pein, 191;

Charchan, 194;

Lop, 196;

Tangut, 203;

Chingintalas, 212;

Kanchau, 219, 263;

Sinju, 274;

Egrigaia, 281;

Tenduc, their half-breed progeny, 284;

in northern frontier of China, alleged origin of, 288n;

their gibes at Christians, 343;

Kúblái’s dislike of, 420, 422n;

in Yun-nan, ii. 66, 67n, 74n;

in Champa, 268n;

in Sumatra, 284, 288n, 294n, 295n, 300n, 303n;

troops in Ceylon, 314;

pilgrims to Adam’s Peak, 319;

honour St. Thomas, 353;

in Kesmacoran, 401;

in Madagascar, 411;

in Abyssinia, 427;

in Aden, 428, 438;

outrage by, 428 seqq.;

at Esher, 442;

Dufar, 444;

Calatu, 449;

Hormuz, 452;

Ahmad Sultan one, 467

Mailapúr (Shrine of St. Thomas), ii. 355n

Maiman, i. 86n

Maistre, the word, ii. 296n

Maitreya Buddha, ii. 330n

Majapahit, empire of (Java), ii. 275n

Majar (Menjar), ii. 491n

Major, R. H., on Australia, ii. 280n

Makdashan, see Magadoxo

Malabar, Melibar, Malibar, Manibar, ii. 389, 390;

fleets, 389;

products, 389, 390n;

imports, Chinese ships in, 390, 391n

Malacca, ii. 281n;

foundation of, 282n;

chronology, 282n

Malacca, Straits of, ii. 281n

Malaiur, island and city, ii. 280, 281n, 283n, 305–306n

Mal-Amir, or Aidhej, i. 85n

Malasgird, i. 145n

Malay Peninsula, ii. 277n;

invasion of Ceylon, 215n;

chronicle, 279n, 282n, 287n, 288n, 294n, 300n;

language, 286n;

origin of many geographical names, 314n

Malayo, or Tana Malayu, ii. 281n, 283n

Malcolm, Sir John, ii. 351n

Maldive Islands, ii. 425n

Malé in Burma, ii. 113n

Male and Female Islands, ii. 401, 404 seqq.;

legend widely diffused, 405n–406n, 415n

Malifattan, ii. 333n

Malik al Dháhir, king of Samudra, ii. 288n, 294n

—— al Mansúr, ii. 288n, 294n

—— al Sálih, king of Samudra, ii. 288n, 294n, 295n

—— Kafur, ii. 333n

Malli, the, i. 93n

Malpiero, Gasparo, 4

Malte-Brun, 112, i. 86n, ii. 602n

Malwa, ii. 426n, 427n

Mamaseni, i. 85n

Mamre, tree of, i. 131n, 132n, 135n

Mán, barbarians, ii. 60n, 123n, 144n, 228n

Man, Col. Henry, ii. 308n, 312n

Manchu dynasty, i. 29n

Mancopa, ii. 300n, 305n

Mandalé in Burma, ii. 329n

Mandarin language, ii. 243n

Mangalai, third son of Kúblái, 21, i. 361n, ii. 24;

his palace, 24, 25, 31n

Mangalore, ii. 386n

Mangla and Nebila Islands, ii. 405n

Mangonels made by Polos for attack of Saianfu, ii. 159;

etymology, 164n;

account of, 168n;

a barbarous lubricant for, 180n

Mangu (Mangku, Mongu) Khan, Kúblái’s elder brother, 10, 11, i. 8n, 14n, 61n, 103n, 146n, 210, 227n, ii. 32n, 42, 46n;

his death, i. 245n;

reign, massacre at his funeral, 246, 250n, 334n

Mangu-Temur (Mungultemur), ii. 491, 496, 497n

Manjániḳ (Manjaniki), ii. 164n

—— Kumghá, ii. 168n

Manjaníkis (Mangonellers), ii. 168n.

(See Mangonels.)

Manji, see Manzi

Manjushri, Bodhisatva, ii. 265n

Manphul, Pandit, i. 154n, 156n, 160n, 162n, 163n

Mansur Shah, i. 25n

Mantzé, Man-tzŭ, Mantszi, Aborigines, ii. 60n, 64n, 144n

Manuel, Comnenus, Emperor, i. 82n

Manufactures, Kúblái’s, i. 412, 415n

Manuscripts of Polo’s Book, 81 seqq., 90 seqq. ii. 526n–552n

Manzi (Facfur), king of, i. 36, ii. 145, 148;

his flight, 146;

his charity, 147, 207–208;

his effeminacy, 147;

his death, 148;

his palace at Kinsay, 191–192, 206–207.

(See Faghfúr.)

—— (Mangi) province, 3, ii. 10;

White City of the Frontier, 33, 34n, 36, 49, 139, 141, 144n, 151, 176;

entrance to, 142, 152;

conquest of, 145–146, 148, 158, 178;

character of the people, 181, 204;

its nine kingdoms, 1200 cities and squares, 190, 213;

its bamboos, 219;

no sheep in, 219;

dialects, 236, 243n;

called Chin, 264, 265n;

ships and merchants in India, 386, 390, 391n

—— queen of, surrenders, ii. 146, 150n;

her report of Kinsay, 185

Map, constructed on Polo’s data, 109, 110;

Hereford, 127;

Roger Bacon’s, 132;

Marino Sanudo’s, 133;

Medicean, 134;

Catalan, 135, 136;

Fra Mauro’s, 135;

Ruysch’s, 135;

Mercator’s, 137;

Sanson’s, 137

Mapillas, or Moplahs, ii. 372n, 380n

Maps, allusions to, in Polo’s book, ii. 245n, 312, 424;

early mediæval, 132;

of the Arabs, 132;

in the palace at Venice, 110

Marabia, Maravia, Maravi, ii. 386n–387n

Marah Silu, ii. 294n

Mâramangalam, site of Kolkhoi, ii, 373n

Marash, i. 23n

Maratha, ii. 426n

Mardin (Merdin), i. 60, 62n

Mare’s milk, see Kumiz

Margaritone, i. 22n

Marignolli, John, ii. 23n, 144n, 180n, 193n, 194n, 213n, 239n, 321n, 356n, 358n

Market days, i. 154n, ii. 106, 107n

Markets in Kinsay, ii. 201, 202

—— Squares in Kinsay, ii. 201, 210n, 213n

Marks of Silver, i. 83, ii. 394, 591n

Marriage customs in Khotan, i. 191, 193n

—— customs in Kanchau, i. 220, 223n

—— customs of the Tartars, 252–253, 256n

—— (posthumous) amongst Tartars, 267, 268n

—— laxities of different peoples, i. 191, 193n

—— laxities in Thibet, ii. 44, 48n, 53–54, 56n, 66, 76n

Mar Sarghis, ii. 157n, 177

Marsden’s edition of Polo, 115 and passim

Martin, Dr. Ernest, of French Legation at Pekin, ii. 93n

Martini, ii. 5n, 15n, 29n, 32n, 35n, 137n, 211n, 228n, 229n, 237n;

his Atlas Sinensis, i. 42n, ii. 69n;

his account of Kinsay, ii. 214n and passim

Martyrs, Franciscan, ii. 396n

Masálak-al-Absár, i. 5n, 86n, ii. 214, 348n

Mashhad (Meshed), or Varsach River, i. 150n, 155n, 156n, 193n

Masa’úd, Prince of Hormuz, i. 120n, 121n

Mashiz, i. 92n

Maskat, ii. 451n

Mastiff Dogs, Keepers of the, i. 400, 401n

Mastiffs of Tibet, see Dogs

Mastodon, bogged, ii. 290n

Mas’ud II., Ghiath ed-din-Seljuk dynasty, i. 44n

Mas’udi, i. 53n, 59n, 62n, 82n, 99n

Masulipatam, ii. 363n

Matchlocks, manufacture at Kerman, i. 90;

at Taianfu, ii. 15n

Ma-t’eu (Matu), ii. 139n

Mati Dhivaja, see Bashpah Lama

Matitánana, ii. 414n

Matityna (Martinique), ii. 405n

Mätzner, Eduard, ii. 601n

Maundevile, Sir John (John a Beard), on lying in water, i. 119n, ii. 604n;

Cloths of Tartary, 295n;

Trees of the Sun, 130n;

Dry Tree, 131n;

his Book of Travels, ii. 598n, 605n;

English version, 601n;

his tomb, 604n

Maung Maorong, or Pong, Shan kingdom, ii. 79n, 113n

Mauro, Fra, his map, i. 6, 133, ii. 128n

Mausul (Mosul), kingdom of, i. 46, 60, 61n, 62n

Mauvenu (Malvennez), the phrase, ii. 21n, 473n

Mayers, W. F., ii. 150n, 596n

Mayhew, A. L., on Couvade, ii. 93n

Mazandéran, province, i. 59n

Mecchino, Ginger, ii. 381n

Medressehs at Sivas, i. 45n

Mekhitar, i. 45n

Mekong River (Lan-tsang kiang), ii. 88n, 128n, 278n

Mekrán, often reckoned part of India, ii. 402n, 403n, 405n

Mekranis, i. 106n

Melchior, one of the Magi, i. 78, 82n

Melibar, see Malabar

Melic, the title, ii. 449, 450, 470n

Melons, dried, of Shibrgán, i. 149, 150n

Menangkabau, ii. 286n, 301n

Mendoza, i. 8n

Menezes, Duarte, ii. 358n

Mengki, envoy to Java, ii. 75n

Menjar (Májar?), ii. 490, 491n

Menuvair and Grosvair, ii. 483n

Merghuz Boirúk Khan, ii. 19n

Merkit (Mecrit, Mescript), a Tartar tribe, i. 236n, 269, 271n

Meshid (more correctly Mashhad), i. 150n, 155n, 156n, 193n

Messengers, Royal Mongol, i. 36n

Mexico, ii. 405n

Meyer, Paul, Alexandre le Grand, i. 56n

Miafaraḳain, i. 68n

Miau-tzu, ii. 82n

Mien, Amien, Ava (Burma), king of, his battle with Tartars, ii. 98n;

City of, 99n, 109;

its gold and silver towers, 110;

how it was conquered, 110, 111n;

communications and war with Mongols, 104;

Chinese notices, 104n

Mikado, ii. 262

Military engines of the Middle Ages, dissertation on, ii. 161n;

two classes, 161n;

Trébuchets, 161n, 163n, 164n;

Balista, 161n;

shot used, carrion, live men, bags of gold, 163n;

Mangonel, 163n, 169n;

Napoleon’s experiments with heavy shot, 164n, 165n;

size and accuracy, 165n;

length of range (Sanudo on), 166n;

effect of Mangonel on Saracens, 166n;

procured by Kúblái for siege of Siang-yang, 167n;

Chinese and Persian histories on, 167n–169n;

known to Mongols and Chinese, 168n;

the Ḳarábughá, or Calabra, 168n;

the P’ao, 169n

Milk, portable, or curd, i. 262, 265n

Milk, rite of sprinkling Mare’s, i. 300, 309n, 411

Million, use of the numeral, 67, ii. 215, 217n

Millione, Millioni, nickname for Polo and his book, 6, 54, 119, ii. 217n

Millioni, Corte del, 4

Milne, ii. 222n

Minao district, i. 110n, 114n

Mines and Minerals, see Iron, Silver, etc.

Minever, see Menuvair

Ming, the Chinese dynasty which ousted the Mongols, A.D. 1368, i. 29n, ii. 15n, 238n;

their changes in Peking, i. 342n;

their paper-money, 427n;

their effeminate customs, ii. 20;

expeditions to India, 392n;

annals, 413n, 439n, 445n

Mingan, Khan’s Master of Hounds, i. 400

Ming-ti, Emperor i. 347n

Minján, dialect of, i. 160n

Minotto, Professor A. S., 6, ii. 511n

Min River (in Fokien), ii. 228n, 230n, 233n, 234n

—— River (in Sze-ch’wan), ii. 40n, 70n, 130n

Mint, the Khan’s, i. 423

Mintsing-hien, ii. 230n

Mious River, ii. 488n

Miracle Stories, fish in Lent, i. 52–57n;

Mountain moved, 68–73;

St. Barsamo’s girdles, 77;

Holy Fire, 80;

Stone at Samarkand, 185;

at St. Thomas’ Shrine, ii. 354, 356n, 358n

Mírat, ii. 426n

Mire, French for leech, i. 81n

Mirkhond, ii. 180n

Mirobolans, ii. 388n

Misḳál, a weight, i. 353n, ii. 41n, 217n, 592n.

(See also Saggio.)

Misri, sugar-candy, ii. 230n

Missionary Friars, powers conferred on, i. 22, 23n;

in China in 14th century, 140, ii. 154n, 237n, 240n

—— Martyrs, i. 312n, ii. 396n

Moa of New Zealand, ii. 417n, 418n

Modhafferians, the, i. 86n

Modun Khotan (“Wood-ville”), i. 408n

Moghistan, i. 110n

Mohammed, son of Yusuf Kelefi, founder of Shíráz, i. 85n

Mohammerah, ii. 444n

Mohiuddin, i. 24n

Mokli, the Jelair, ii. 462n

Molayu, ii. 283n

Molebar, see Malabar

Molephatan, ii. 426n

Molière, Pastorale Comique, i. 341n

Moluccas, ii. 265n

Mombasa, ii. 424n

Momein, ii. 57n, 80n, 81n

Monasteries of Idolaters (Buddhists), i. 167, 219, 286n, 303, 319n, ii. 171, 174n, 175, 176n, 213n

Money, paper, i. 423–425, 426n–430n

—— values, i. 426n, ii. 590n–592n

Mongol conquests, 9, 10;

capture Soldaia, i. 4n;

Bolghar, 7n, 8n;

treachery and cruelty, 61n, 151n, 265n, ii. 181n;

their inroads, i. 105n;

Balkh city, 151n;

invade Balakhshán, 161n;

invasion of Poland and Silesia, ii. 493n

Mongon Khan, see Mangu

Mongotay (Mangkutai), a Mongol officer, ii. 136, 138n

Monkeys, ii. 285, 382, 431;

passed off as pygmies, 285, 383n–385n

Monks, idolatrous, i. 303.

(See Monasteries.)

Monnier, Marcel, his visit to Karakorum, i. 230n;

on the Ch’êng-tu Suspension Bridge, ii. 41n

Monoceros and Maiden, legend of, ii. 285, 291n

Monophysitism, i. 61n

Monsoons, 23, ii. 264–265

Montecorvino, John, Archbishop of Cambaluc, i. 117n, 287n, 289n, 346n, ii. 180n

Monte d’Ely, ii. 386n, 387n

Montgomerie, Major T. G. (R.E.) (Indian Survey), on fire at great altitudes, i. 178n;

position of Kashgar and Yarkund, 182n

Monument at Si-ngan fu, Christian, ii. 27n, 28n

Moon, Mountains of the, ii. 415n, 420n, 421n

Moore, Light of the Harem, i. 115n

Moplahs, see Mapillas

Morgan, E. Delmar, i. 176n, 198n, 207n

Mortagne, siege of, ii. 165n

Morus alba, silk-worm tree, ii. 25n

Moscow, Tartar Massacre at, ii. 493n

Mosolin, or Muslin (Mosolini), Mo-sze, Arab Mauçili, i. 60, 62n, ii. 363n, 408n

Mossos, a tribe, ii. 60n, 63n

Mosta’sim Billah, last Abbaside Khalif of Baghdad, story of his avarice and death, i. 63–64, 67n

Mostocotto, i. 87n

Mosul (Mausul), i. 46, 60, 61n, 62n

Motapallé, see Mutfili

Motawakkil, Khalif, i. 131n

Moule, Bishop G. E., ii. 194n–198n, 209n–213n, 215n

Mount, Green, in Palace grounds at Peking, i. 365, 370n, 372n

—— St. Thomas, ii. 356n, 358n

—— D’Ely, see Monte d’Ely

Mountain, Old Man of the, see Old Man of the

—— Miracle of the, i. 68–73

—— Road in Shensi, extraordinary, ii. 32n

Mourning customs, at Hormuz, i. 109;

in Tangut, 204;

at Kinsay, ii. 191

Mozambique Channel, ii. 415n

Muang, term applied in Shan countries (Laos and W. Yunnan) to fortified towns, as:—

Muang-Chi, ii. 67n

Muang, or Maung Maorong, ii. 79n, 113n

Muang Shung, ii. 120n

Muang Yong, ii. 57n, 117n, 128n

Muláhidah (Mulehet, Alamút, Chinese Mulahi), epithet of Ismaelites, i. 139, 141n, 142n, 146n

Mulberry Trees, i. 423, ii. 13, 24

Mul-Java, ii. 349n

Müller, F. W. K., ii. 89n

Müller, Professor Max, i. 65n;

on Couvade, ii. 93n;

on stories of Buddha and St. Josafat, 323n, 325n, 326n, 328n

Multán, ii. 426n

Múnál pheasant (Lophophorus impeyanus), described by Ælian, i. 280n

Mung (Nicaea), i. 104n

Mungasht, hill fort, stronghold of the Atabegs, i. 85n

Mungul, name applied to Tartars, i. 285.

(See Mongol.)

Mungul-Temur and Mongo-Temur, see Mangu-Temur

Murad Beg, of Kunduz, i. 156n, 161n, 163n

Murghab River, i. 172n, 175n

Murray, Dr. J. A. H., on Couvade, ii. 93n

—— Hugh, ii. 133n, 141n, 175n, 208n, 212n, 486n

Murus Ussu (Brius, Upper Kiang), ii. 67n

Mus, Merdin (Mush, Mardin), i. 60, 62n

Musk, animal (Moschus), i. 275, 279n, 364, ii. 34, 35n, 45, 54

—— earliest mention of and use in medicine, i. 279n

Muslin, see Mosolin

Mutfili (Motapallé for Telingana), ii. 359, 362n, 403n, 424;

its diamonds, 360–361, 362n;

identified, 362n

Muza, ii. 408n

Mynibar, ii. 426n

Mysore, ii. 427n

Mystic number, see Numbers

Nac, Nasich, Naques (Nakh), a kind of brocade, i. 63, 65n, 285, 295n

Nachetti, silk stuff interwoven with gold, i. 65n

Nakhut, gold brocade, i. 65n

Nakkára (Naccara, Nacaires), the great kettledrum signalling action, i. 338, 339n–341n, ii. 461

Nákshatra, ii. 368n

Nalanda, i. 306n

Nan-Chao, formerly Ai-Lao, Shan dynasty in Yun-nan, ii. 73n, 79n

Nancouri, ii. 308n

Nanghin (Ngan-king), ii. 154, 157, 171n