General Index (continued 8)

—— infants, octopuses and cuttle-fish presented to, i. 156

—— kings, called Zeus, ii. 177, 361;

ancient, their reign of eight years, iv. 58 sq., 70 sqq.

—— lands, artificial fertilization of fig-trees in, ix. 272

—— maxim not to wear rings, iii. 314

—— mode of relighting a sacred fire by means of burning-glass, ii. 244 n. 1

—— months lunar, vii. 52, 53, 80

—— mysteries, bull-roarers swung at, vii. 110

—— mythology, Adonis in, v. 10 sqq.

—— peasants used to carry fire in stalks of fennel, ii. 260

—— ploughman, his prayer to Zeus and Demeter, vii. 45, 50

—— practice of sacrificing to the dead on their birthdays, i. 105

—— purificatory rites, pigs sacrificed in, vii. 74

—— religion, rule of ancient, to exclude from temples all who had touched a corpse or a lying-in woman, iii. 155

—— ritual of purification, one shoe on and one shoe off in, iii. 312;

of expiatory sacrifices, viii. 27

—— sacrifices, victims required to shake their heads in, i. 384, n. 7

—— sanctuaries, iron not to be brought into, iii. 226

—— sower of cummin, his use of curses, i. 281

—— story of Iphiclus and Melampus, i. 158;

stories of the external soul, xi. 103 sqq.

—— superstitions as to certain woollen garments and certain stones, i. 157

—— use of winnowing-fans as cradles, ii. 6

—— women, their mourning for Persephone, ix. 349

—— writers on the worship of Adonis, v. 223 sq.

Greeks sacrifice pregnant victims to ensure fertility, i. 141;

their belief in the homoeopathic magic of precious stones, i. 164 sq.;

rain-making ceremonies among, i. 272 sq.;

used branches of buckthorn to protect houses against sorcerers and spirits, ii. 191;

their dread of noon, iii. 88;

their use of magical wax figures, ix. 47

——, the ancient, their ceremonies for procuring rain, i. 309 sq.;

their belief that the sun rode in a chariot, i. 315;

sacrificed to the winds, i. 330 n.;

their notion as to the wasting effect of incest, ii. 115;

ran round the hearth with new-born babes, ii. 232;

fire-sticks, employed by the, ii. 251;

prayed to Zeus for rain, ii. 359;

dedicated locks of hair to rivers, iii. 261, 261 n. 5;

vicarious sacrifices among, iv. 166 n. 1;

their modes of disposing of things used in purificatory rites, vii. 9;

compared the begetting of children to the sowing of seed, vii. 11;

their faith in Demeter as the corn-goddess, vii. 64;

their cycle of eight years, vii. 80 sqq.;

their personification of the corn in double form as mother and daughter, vii. 209 sqq.;

their “swallow song” and “crow song,” viii. 322 n.;

their cure for love, ix. 3;

smeared pitch on their houses to keep off demons, ix. 153 n. 1;

their use of laurel in purification, ix. 262;

deemed sacred the places which were struck by lightning, xi. 299

Greeks of Asia Minor, their use of human scapegoats, ix. 255

——, the Homeric, their belief as to the effect of a good king's reign, i. 366, ii. 324 sq.;

cut out tongues of sacrificial victims, viii. 270

—— and Romans, rain-charms among the ancient, i. 309 sq.

Green boughs a charm against witches, ii. 52-55, 127, 342 sq.;

custom of beating young people with, at Christmas, ix. 270

—— Corn Dance of the Seminole Indians, viii. 76

—— Demeter, vii. 42, 63, 89 n. 2;

sacrifices in spring to, vii. 263

—— Festival at Eleusis, vii. 63

—— George on St. George's Day, a leaf-clad mummer in Carinthia, Transylvania, Roumania, and Russia, ii. 75, 76, 79, 343

—— Thursday, the day before Good Friday, ii. 333

—— Wolf, Brotherhood of the, at Jumièges in Normandy, x. 185 sq., xi. 15 n., 25, 88

Greenidge, A. H. J., on the nomination of Roman kings, ii. 296 n. 3

Greenland, woman in childbed thought to control the wind in, i. 324

Greenlanders, their belief in the mortality of the gods, iv. 3;

careful not to offend the souls of dead seals, viii. 246 sq.;

their notion that women can conceive by the moon, x. 75 sq.

Greenwich-hill, custom of rolling down, at Easter and Whitsuntide, ii. 103

Gregor, Rev. Walter, of Pitsligo, on the cutting of the clyack sheaf in Aberdeenshire, [pg 293] vii. 158 sqq.;

on virtue of children born feet foremost, x. 295 n. 3;

on the “quarter-ill,” x. 296 n. 1;

on the bewitching of cattle, x. 303;

on the oak and mistletoe of the Hays, xi. 284 n. 1

Gregory IV. and the Feast of All Saints, vi. 83

Gregory of Tours, on image of goddess carted about at Autun, ii. 144;

on a talisman against dormice and serpents, viii. 281

Greig, James S., on a holed stone in the Aberdeenshire river Dee, xi. 187 n. 3

Grenfell, B. P., and A. S. Hunt on corn-stuffed effigies of Osiris, vi. 90 sq.

Grenoble, King and Queen of May at, ii. 90;

the harvest goat at, vii. 285

Greta, river in Yorkshire, need-fire on the, x. 287

Grevia spec., a sacred tree of the Herero, ii. 214, 219

Grey, Sir George, on the prohibition to name the dead among the natives of Western Australia, iii. 364 sq.;

on the digging for yams by women in Western Australia, vii. 126 sq.;

on the kobong or totem in Western Australia, xi. 219 sq.

Grey hair a signal of death, iv. 36 sq.

—— hairs of kings, iv. 100, 102, 103

Grihya-Sûtras on the pole-star at marriage, i. 166 n. 2;

on the burial of a child's hair, iii. 277

Grimm, J., on the oldest sanctuaries of the Germans, ii. 8 sq.;

on the bride-race, ii. 303 n. 3;

on a passage of Maximus Tyrius, ii. 362 n. 6;

on the oak as the principal sacred tree of the ancient Germans, ii. 363 sq.;

on old spell to cure a lame horse, iii. 305 n. 1;

on the installation of a prince of Carinthia, iv. 155 n. 1;

on the “carrying out of Death,” iv. 221 sq.;

on the custom of “Sawing the Old Woman,” iv. 240, 244;

on hide-measured lands, vi. 250;

on need-fire, x. 270 n., 272 sq.;

on the relation of the Midsummer fires to Balder, xi. 87 n. 6;

on the sanctity of the oak, xi. 89;

on the oak and lightning, xi. 300

Grinnell, G. B., on human sacrifices among the Pawnees, vii. 239 n. 1

Gripes transferred to a duck, ix. 50

Grisons, masquerades to benefit the crops in the, ix. 239;

threatening a mist in the, x. 280.

See also Graubünden

Grizzly Bear clan of the Carrier Indians, xi. 274

—— bears supposed to be related to human twins, i. 264 sq.

Groot, Professor J. J. M. de, on the divinity of the emperors of China, i. 416 sq.;

on reported custom of eating first-born children, iv. 180 n. 7;

on substitutes for capital punishment in China, iv. 275;

on the belief in demons in China, ix. 99;

on the annual expulsion of devils in China, ix. 145 sq.;

on mugwort in China, xi. 60

Gros Ventres, Indian tribe, prepare for war by fasting and lacerating themselves, iii. 161

Gross-Strehlitz, in Silesia, the custom of “carrying out Death” at, iv. 237

Grossvargula, the Grass King at Whitsuntide at, ii. 85 sq.

Grottkau, precautions against witches in, xi. 20 n.

Grotto of the Sibyl, at Marsala, v. 247

Ground, custom of sleeping on the, ii. 248;

sacred persons not allowed to set foot on the, iii. 3, 4, 6, x. 2 sqq.;

prohibition to sleep on the, iii. 110;

warriors not to sit on the, iii. 159, 162, 163, x. 5, 12;

executioner not to set foot on the, iii. 180;

royal blood not to be shed on the, iii. 241 sqq.;

priestesses not to touch the, vii. 97;

last sheaf not to touch the, vii. 158, 159, 161;

the bones of salmon not to touch the, viii. 254;

priest of Earth not to sit on the, x. 4;

girls at puberty not to touch the, x. 22, 33, 35, 36, 60;

magical plants not to touch the, xi. 51;

mistletoe not to touch the, xi. 280

Grouse, the ruffed, in homoeopathic magic, i. 155;

the first, blinded by hunter, viii. 268;

clan of the Carrier Indians, xi. 273

Grout, L., on sacrifice of bull at Zulu festival of first-fruits, viii. 68 n. 3

Grove, Miss Florence, on withered mistletoe, xi. 287 n. 1

Grove, sacred, of Nemi, i. 2, 17, xi. 315;

of Egeria, i. 18;

the Arician, i. 20, 22, ii. 115, 378, iv. 213, ix. 3;

sacred, protected by curses, i. 45;

Balder's, x. 104, xi. 315;

soul of chief in sacred, xi. 161.

See also Arician

Groves, sacred, ii. 9, 10 sq., 20, 32, 39, 42, 43 sqq.;

in Chios, i. 45;

to Diana, ii. 121;

in ancient Greece and Rome, ii. 121 sqq.;

expiation for violating, ii. 122;

in West Africa, ii. 322 n. 1;

apologies for trespass on, ii. 328

Growth and decay of all things associated with the waxing and waning of the moon, vi. 132 sqq., 140 sqq.

Grub in the Grisons, masquerade to benefit the crops at, ix. 239

Grubb, Rev. W. Barbrooke, on the fear [pg 294] of demons among the Lengua Indians, ix. 78 sq.;

on the seclusion of girls at puberty among the Lengua Indians, x. 57 n. 1

Grueber and d'Orville, Fathers, on the Dalai Lama of Lhasai, i. 412

Gruel of barley-meal and water, drunk as a form of communion with the Barley-goddess at the Eleusinian mysteries, vii. 161 n. 4

Grün, in Bohemia, mountain arnica gathered at Midsummer at, xi. 58 n. 1

Grunau, Simon, early Prussian chronicler, his account of Romove and its sacred oak, ii. 366 n. 2

Grünberg, in Silesia, the harvest Cat at, vii. 281;

witches driven away on Walpurgis Night in the district of, ix. 163

Grunting like a wild boar or pig as a charm, ii. 22 sq.

Guacheta in Colombia, virgin impregnated by the sun at, x. 74

Guadalcanar, one of the Solomon Islands, sacrifice of first-fruits in, viii. 126 sq.

Guadeloupe, precaution as to spittle in, iii. 289

Guagnini, Alex, on the sacred oak of Romove, ii. 366 n. 2

Guami Indians of Panama, concealment of personal names among the, iii. 325

Guanches of Teneriffe, their mode of procuring rain, i. 303

Guarani Indians of South America, their belief as to homoeopathic magic of millet, i. 145

Guaranis of Brazil, their seclusion of girls at puberty, x. 56

—— of Paraguay, revered the Pleiades, vii. 309

Guaraunos of the Orinoco, uncleanness of menstruous women among the, x. 85 sq.

Guarayo Indians, their magic to clear the sky, i. 314

—— Indians of Bolivia, their presentation of children to the moon, vi. 145;

ate the powdered bones of their dead, viii. 157

Guardian angels, afterbirth and navel-string regarded as a man's, xi. 162 n. 2

—— deities of cities, iii. 391

“—— gods” of the Hos, vii. 234, viii. 61

—— spirit of child thought to reside in its caul, i. 199 sq.;

as bear, boar, eagle, fox, ox, swan or wolf, i. 200;

of family, vii. 121;

among the Hos, viii. 60;

afterbirth and seed regarded as, xi. 223 n. 2;

acquired in a dream, xi. 256 sq.

—— spirits in the form of animals, i. 200, v. 83;

of villages in Tonquin, i. 401 sq.;

supposed to reside in people's heads, iii. 252 sq.;

in serpents, v. 83, 86;

dead ancestors worshipped as, viii. 121, 123;

among the American Indians, viii. 207;

of wild animals exorcized by hunters, ix. 98;

masked dances supposed to be derived from, ix. 375 sqq.

Guardian trees in Sweden, ii. 58

Guatemala, catching the soul of the dying in, iv. 199

——, the Indians of, confession of sins among the, iii. 216;

their transference of fatigue to heaps of stones, ix. 10;

their offerings at cairns, ix. 26;

the nagual or external soul among the, xi. 212 sq.

——, the Kekchi Indians of, viii. 219, 241

Guatusos of Costa Rica, use of bull-roarers among the, xi. 230 n.

Guayana Indians of Brazil, voluntary deaths by being buried alive among the, iv. 12

Guayaquil, in Ecuador, the Indians of, their human sacrifices at sowing, vii. 236

Guaycurus, try to frighten the demon of the storm, i. 330

—— of Brazil, precaution as to chief's spittle among the, iii. 290;

men dressed as women among the, vi. 254 n. 2

—— of the Gran Chaco used to change their names after a death, iii. 357;

their festival at the reappearance of the Pleiades, vii. 309, ix. 262

Guayquiries of the Orinoco, their beliefs as to menstruous women, x. 85

Guazacualco, in Mexico, bones of the dead preserved for the resurrection in, viii. 259

Gudangs, the, of Queensland, avoidance of parents-in-law among, iii. 346;

changes of vocabulary among the, caused by fear of naming the dead, iii. 359

Gudea, king of Southern Babylonia, festival of the New Year known to, ix. 356

Guelelé, king of Dahomey, represented partly in lion, partly in human form, iv. 85

Guelphs, the oak of the, xi. 166

Guessing dreams at New Year festival of the Iroquois, ix. 127

Guevo Upas, the Valley of Poison, in Java, v. 203 sq.

Guezo, king of Dahomey, represented with the feathers of a cock, iv. 85

Guhrau, district of Silesia, custom of “Carrying out Death” in, iv. 237

[pg 295]

Guiana, the Indians of, their precaution against heavy rain, i. 253;

power of medicine-men among, i. 359 sq.;

their fire customs, ii. 259;

their belief in dreams, iii. 36 sq.;

keep their names secret, iii. 324 sq.;

their offerings of food to the dead, iii. 372 n. 5;

do not sharply distinguish between animals and men, viii. 204;

their custom after killing a tapir, viii. 236;

their fear of demons, ix. 78

——, British, the Macusis of, iii. 159 n., x. 60;

woman's share in agriculture among the Indians of, vii. 120 sq.;

the Arawaks of, viii. 154, ix. 302

——, French, difference of language between husbands and wives in the tribes of, iii. 348;

the Roocooyen Indians of, ix. 181, 263;

the Wayanas of, x. 63;

ordeals undergone by young men among the Indians of, x. 63 sq.

Guinea, priestly kings in, iii. 5;

negroes of, their belief in dreams, iii. 37;

belief in the transmigration of human souls into animals in, viii. 287;

transference of sickness to chickens in, ix. 31;

annual expulsion of the devil in, ix. 131

——, French, the wild fig-tree regarded as a fetish-tree in, ii. 317 n. 1;

dances at sowing in, ix. 235

——, North, disposal of cut hair and nails in, iii. 278

——, Southern, the negroes of, use drippings of dead men's brains to increase their wisdom, viii. 163

Guinea negroes, their transference of sickness to chickens, ix. 31

Guinea-fowl gives signal for planting, vii. 117

Guizing at Christmas in Lerwick, x. 268 sq.

Gujarat, rings as amulets in, iii. 315

Gujrat District, Punjaub, belief as to bodies of infants dug up by jackals or dogs in the, v. 94

Guleesh and the fairies at Hallowe'en, x. 277 sq.

Gull clan of the Otawa Indians, viii. 225 n. 1

Gunkel, H., on the circumcised and the uncircumcised, i. 101 n. 2

Gunn, David, kindles need-fire, x. 291

Gunnar Helming disguises himself as the god Frey, ii. 144

Gunputty, elephant-headed god, human incarnation of, i. 405 sq.

Guns fired to expel demons, viii. 99, ix. 116 sq., 119, 120, 121, 125, 132, 133, 137, 147, 148, 149, 150, 203, 204, 221 n. 1;

against witches, ix. 160, 161, 164, xi. 74

Gunther, king of the Burgundians, woos and wins Queen Brunhild, ii. 306

Gunthram, King, and his vagrant soul, iii. 39 n. 1

Gurdon, Major P. R. T., on the Khasis of Assam, vi. 202;

on mother-kin among the Khasis, vi. 203 n. 1;

on descent of the kingship among the Khasis, vi. 210 n. 1

Guré, a hobby-horse, at harvest festival of the Garos, viii. 337 sq.

Gurgaon, district of North-West India, fair at Bas Doda in, ii. 149

Guyana Indians of Brazil, their voluntary deaths, iv. 12 sq.

Guyenne, “the Wolf of the Field” at harvest in, vii. 275

Gwalior, Holi fires in, xi. 2

Gwanya, a worshipful dead chief, vi. 177

Gyges, king of Lydia, married the widow of his predecessor, ii. 281;

his monument to his queen, ii. 282;

dedicates double-headed axe to Zeus, v. 182

Gynaecocracy a dream, vi. 211

Gypsies, their way of stopping rain by means of a serpent, i. 295 sq.;

Green George among the, ii. 75 sq.;

their superstition about portraits, iii. 100;

ceremony of “Sawing the Old Woman” among the, iv. 243;

annual ceremony performed by the, ix. 207 sq.

Habes de Tornas, a tribe of Nigeria, revere a fetish doctor, iii. 124

Hack-thorn sacred, ii. 48

Hadad, chief male deity of the Syrians, v. 15, 16 n. 1;

Syrian god of thunder and fertility, v. 163

Hadadrimmon, v. 164 n. 1;

the mourning of or for, v. 15 n. 4

Haddon, Dr. A. C., on rain-making in Mabuiag, i. 262;

on magicians in the Torres Straits Islands, i. 420 n. 2;

on worship of animal-shaped heroes, v. 139 n. 1;

on bull-roarers, vii. 106 n. 3

Hadeln, in Hanover, the Corn-mother at reaping last corn in, vii. 133

Hades, descent of Dionysus into, vii. 15

Hadji Mohammad shoots a were-wolf, x. 312 sq.

Hadramaut, mode of stopping rain in, i. 252

Hadrian builds at Nemi, i. 6;

monument of, at Nemi, i. 6 n. 1;

human sacrifice suppressed in reign of, v. 146;

institutes games at Mantinea, vii. 80

Hag (wrach), name given to last corn cut in Wales, vii. 142 sqq.

Hagen, B., on the belief in demons among the Battas, ix. 87 sq.

Hagios Gheorgios, village in Thrace, ummery at Carnival at, vii. 26

[pg 296]

Hahn, Dr. C. H., on the chief's hut among the Herero, ii. 213 n. 2

Hahn, Theophilus, on the worship of the Pleiades among the Hottentots, vii. 317

Haida Indians of Queen Charlotte Islands, ceremony performed by pregnant women among the, i. 70;

warlike pantomime of women while the men are at war, i. 133;

their belief as to death at ebb-tide, i. 168;

their charm to obtain a fair wind, i. 320;

medicine-men among the, iii. 31;

their recovery of lost souls, iii. 67 n.;

attempt to kill the souls of their enemies in war, iii. 72 n. 1;

their story of the type of Beauty and the Beast, iv. 131 n. 1;

their religions of cannibalism and of dog-eating, vii. 20 sq.;

girls at puberty secluded among the, x. 44 sq.

—— medicine-men bottle up departing souls, iii. 31;

their unshorn hair, iii. 259

—— shamans, their use of the tongues of otters and eagles, viii. 270

Hail, charm to protect corn from, vii. 300;

ceremonies to avert, x. 144, 145;

Midsummer fires a protection against, x. 176;

bonfires thought to protect fields against, x. 344;

mountain arnica a protection against, xi. 57 sq.

—— and thunderstorms caused by witches, x. 344

Hainan, island, the inhabitants of, call a year “a fire,” x. 137

Hainaut, province of Belgium, fire customs in, x. 108;

procession of giants in, xi. 36

Hair offered to gods and goddesses, heroes and heroines, i. 28 sq.;

offered to the dead, i. 31, 102;

offered to rivers, i. 31, iii. 261;

clippings of, used in magic, i. 57, 64, 65, 66, iii. 268 sqq., 275, 277, 278 sq.;

charms to make hair grow, i. 83, 145, 153 sq., 154;

supposed to be the seat of strength, i. 102;

of elephant hunter's wife not to be cut, i. 120;

of warriors not to be cut, i. 127;

of wife and children of absent warrior not to be cut, i. 127;

loose as a charm, i. 136;

homoeopathic charm to strengthen, i. 144;

homoeopathic charm to turn white hair black, i. 154;

human, used in rain-making, i. 251 sq.;

supernatural power of chief dependent on his, i. 344;

of father of twins not to be cut for a time, ii. 102;

long, a symbol of royalty, ii. 180;

mode of cutting the Mikado's, iii. 3;

cut with bronze knife, iii. 14;

not to be combed, iii. 14, 159 n., 181, 187, 203, 208, 264;

pulled to give omens, iii. 55;

of those who have handled the dead not cut, iii. 141;

of man-slayers shaved, iii. 175, 177;

of slain enemy, fetish made from, iii. 183;

tabooed, iii. 258 sqq.;

of kings, priests, and wizards unshorn, iii. 258 sqq.;

regarded as the seat of a god or spirit, iii. 258, 259, 263;

kept unshorn at certain times, iii. 260 sqq.;

unshorn during a vow, iii. 261 sq.;

of children unshorn, iii. 263;

cut or combed out may cause rain and thunderstorms, iii. 271, 272, 282;

clippings of, used as hostages, iii. 272 sq.;

infected by virus of taboo, iii. 283 sq.;

cut as a purificatory ceremony, iii. 283 sqq.;

of women after childbirth shaved and burnt, iii. 284;

loosened at childbirth, iii. 297 sq.;

loosened in magical and religious ceremonies, iii. 310 sq.;

sacrifice of women's, v. 38;

offered to goddess of volcano, v. 218;

of head shaved in mourning for dead gods, v. 225;

to be cut when the moon is waxing, vi. 133 sq.;

pulling each other's, a Lithuanian sacrificial custom, viii. 50 sq.;

of slain foes used to impart courage, viii. 153;

of patient inserted in oak, ix. 57 sq.;

lock of, in cure for epilepsy, ix. 68 n. 2;

unguent for, x. 14;

girl at puberty not to cut her, x. 28;

of girls at puberty shaved, x. 31, 56, 57, 59;

Hindoo ritual of cutting a child's, x. 99 n. 2;

external soul in, xi. 103 sq., 148;

strength of people bound up with their, xi. 158 sq.;

of criminals, witches, and wizards shorn to make them confess, xi. 158 sq.;

of children tied to trees, xi. 165;

of novices cut at initiation, xi. 245, 251

Hair, grey, a signal of death, iv. 36 sq.

—— and nails of sacred persons not cut, iii. 3, 4, 16

—— and nails, cut, of a chief guarded against evil magic, i. 350 n. 1;

deposited on or under trees, iii. 14, 275 sq., 286;

disposal of, iii. 267 sqq.;

as rain-charms, iii. 271, 272;

deposited in sacred places, iii. 274 sqq.;

stowed away in any secret place, iii. 276 sqq.;

kept for use at the resurrection, iii. 279 sqq.;

burnt to prevent them from falling into the hands of sorcerers, iii. 281 sqq.;

of child buried under a tree, xi. 161

—— of the Virgin or St. John looked for in ashes of Midsummer fire, x. 182 sq., 190, 191

Hair-cutting, ceremonies at, iii. 264 sqq.;

thought to cause thunder and lightning, iii. 265

[pg 297]

Hair-pins as instruments of longevity, i. 169

Hairy Stone, the, at Midsummer, x. 212

Hak-Ka, the, a native race in the province of Canton, their annual expulsion of the devil of poverty, ix. 144

Hakea flowers, ceremony for the multiplication of, i. 86

Hakim Singh claims to be Jesus Christ incarnate, i. 409 sq.

Halae in Attica, mock human sacrifice at, iv. 215 sq.

Halasarna in Cos, rites of Apollo and Hercules at, vi. 259

Halberstadt in Thüringen, need-fire in, ii. 238 sq., x. 273;

annual ceremony on day before Good Friday at, ix. 214

Hale, Horatio, on voluntary deaths in Fiji, iv. 11 sq.

Half-sister by the same father, marriage with, legal in Attica, ii. 284

Halfdan the Black, king of Norway, dismembered after death, vi. 100, 102

Halford in Warwickshire, May Day customs at, ii. 88 sq.

Hali-Bonar, village in Sumatra, iii. 104

Halibut, the first of the season, treatment of, viii. 253

Halicarnassus, the Mausoleum at, iv. 94 sq.;

worship of Pergaean Artemis at, v. 35 n. 2

Haliphloios, a species of oak, ii. 373 n. 1

Hall, C. F., on the treatment of venison among the Esquimaux, x. 13;

on new fire at New Year among the Esquimaux, x. 134

Hall, Dr. C. H. H., on the expulsion of the demon of plague in Japan, ix. 119 n. 1

Hall, Rev. G. R., on Midsummer fires at Christenburg Crags, x. 198

Hall, in the Tyrol, ceremony of whipping people on Senseless Thursday at, ix. 248 sq.

Hall of the Two Truths, the judgment hall in the other world, vi. 13

Hallowe'en, new fire at, in Ireland, x. 139, 225;

an old Celtic festival of New Year, x. 224 sqq.;

divination at, x. 225, 228 sq., 231, 234 sqq.;

witches, hobgoblins, and fairies let loose at, x. 226 sqq., 245, xi. 184 n. 4, 185

—— and Beltane, the two chief fire festivals of the British Celts, xi. 40 sq.

Hallowe'en cakes, x. 238, 241, 245

—— fires, x. 222 sq.;

in Wales, x. 156, 239;

in the Highlands of Scotland, x. 230 sqq.;

in the Isle of Man, x. 243;

in Lancashire, x. 244 sq.;

in France, x. 245 sq.

Hallowmas in Scotland, last corn cut before or after, vii. 140

Halmahera, or Gilolo, rain-making in, i. 248;

rain-charm by means of the dead in, i. 285 sq.;

ceremony at felling a tree in, ii. 38;

the natives of, their words for soul, vii. 183;

ceremonies at a funeral in, ix. 260 sq.;

rites of initiation in, xi. 248

——, the Alfoors of, a man may not address his father-in-law by name among, iii. 341;

their expulsion of demons, ix. 112

——, the Galelareese of, i. 110, v. 220, vii. 296;

their belief as to incest, ii. 111.

See Galelareese

Haloa, Attic festival, vii. 60 sqq.

Haltwhistle, in Northumberland, burnt sacrifice at, x. 301

Haman, a god worshipped by the heathen of Harran, ix. 366 n. 1

Haman, the Biblical, derivation of the name, ix. 366;

effigies of, burnt at Purim, ix. 392 sqq.

—— and Mordecai, ix. 364 sqq.;

as temporary kings, ix. 400 sq.

—— and Vashti the duplicates of Mordecai and Esther, ix. 406

Hâmân-Sûr, a name for Purim, ix. 393

Hamaspathmaedaya, old Iranian festival of the dead, vi. 67

Hamatsas, cannibals among the Kwakiutl, vii. 20

Hametzes, Cannibals or Biters, a Secret Society among the Indians of North-Western America, ix. 378

Hamilcar, his self-sacrifice by fire at the battle of Himera, v. 115 sq., 176;

worshipped by the Carthaginians after death, v. 116, 180

Hamilton, Alexander, his account of the Samorins or kings of Calicut, iv. 47 sq.;

on hook-swinging in India, iv. 278;

on dance of hermaphrodites in Pegu, v. 271 n.

Hamilton, Gavin, on the seclusion of girls at puberty among the Tinneh Indians, x. 47 sq.

Hamilton, Professor G. L., v. 57 n. 1

Hamlet, his story half-historical, ii. 281 n. 2;

his feigned imbecility, ii. 291

Hammedatha, father of Haman, ix. 373 n. 1

Hammer, used to make mock thunder, i. 248;

iron, revered by the Lithuanians, i. 317 sq.;

sick people struck with a, ix. 259 n. 4

Hammers, Thor's, i. 248 n. 1

Hammocks, girls at puberty hung up in, x. 56, 59, 60, 61, 66

Hammurabi, king of Babylon, iv. 110;

code of, ii. 130, v. 71 n. 3, 72 n. 1

Hampstead in reign of Henry II., ii. 7

Hamstring of deer, custom of removing, viii. 266

[pg 298]

Hamstringing dead animals, viii. 267, 271, 273

—— deer, rule as to, i. 115

—— men to disable their ghosts, viii. 272, 273

Hand of Glory, the, a thief's talisman, i. 149

“—— of Glory,” mandragora, xi. 316

——- of suicide cut off, iv. 220 n.;

of dead man in magical ceremony, iv. 267 n. 1

See also Hands

Hand-marks, white, viii. 338

Handel, the harmonies of, v. 54

Hands tabooed, iii. 133 sq., 138, 140 sqq., 146 sqq., 158, 159 n., 174, 265;

food not to be touched with, iii. 138 sqq., 146 sqq., 166, 167, 168, 169, 174, 265;

defiled, iii. 174;

not to be clasped, iii. 298;

of enemies eaten, viii. 151, 152;

of deity, ceremony of grasping the, ix. 356.

See also Hand

Hanged god, the, v. 288 sqq.

Hanging as a mode of capital punishment, iv. 114 n. 1;

of an effigy of the Carnival, iv. 230 sq.;

as a mode of sacrifice, v. 289 sqq.

Hannah's vow, iii. 263, v. 79

Hannibal, his prayers to Melcarth, v. 113;

his retirement from Italy, v. 265;

despoils the shrine on Soracte, xi. 15;

within sight of Rome, xi. 15

Hanover, Hildesheim in, ii. 85;

harvest customs in, vii. 133, 283;

the Harvest-mother in, vii. 135;

Easter bonfires in, x. 140;

the need-fire in, x. 275;

custom on St. John's Day about, xi. 56

Hantoes, spirits, in Borneo, ix. 87

Hanun, king of Moab, his treatment of David's messengers, iii. 273

Hanway, J., on worship of perpetual fires at Baku, v. 192

Happah tribe in Marquesas Islands, evil magic practised on hair by the, iii. 268

Hardanger, Norway, Whitsuntide Bride and Bridegroom at, ii. 92

Hardisty, W. L., on the power of medicine-men among the Loucheux Indians, i. 356 sq.

Hardy, Thomas, on the disastrous effect of looking at trees on an empty stomach, i. 136

Hare, name of, tabooed in the morning, iii. 402 sq.;

as scapegoat, ix. 50 sq.;

pastern bone of a, in a popular remedy, x. 17.

See also Hares

——, corn-spirit as, vii. 279 sq.

Hare clan of the Moquis, viii. 178;

of the Otawas, viii. 225 n. 1

—— Indians will not taste blood, iii. 241;

do not pare nails of female children, iii. 263

Hare-lips, superstition as to persons with, i. 266

—— -skin Indians, viii. 265.

See Loucheux

“Hare's blood” at harvest, vii. 280

—— tail, name given to last standing corn, vii. 268

Hares thought to bewitch people, i. 212;

witches in the form of, ii. 53, x. 157;

killed on May Day as embodiments of witches, ii. 53, 54;

not eaten lest they make the eaters timid, viii. 141;

witches changed into, x. 315 n. 1, 316 sqq., xi. 41, 197

Hareskin Tinneh, seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 48

Harlot's Tomb, the, in Lydia, ii. 282

Harlots, sacred, ix. 370, 371, 372;

at Comana, ix. 370 n. 4, 421 n. 1

Harma on Mount Parnes, lightning seen over, i. 33

Harmattan wind, in West Africa, iii. 5

Harmonia, the necklace of, v. 32 n. 2;

turned into a snake, v. 86 sq.

—— and Cadmus, iv. 84;

marriage of, iv. 88, 89

Haroekoe, East Indian island, fishermen's magic in, i. 109;

hunter's magic in, i. 114;

treatment of the afterbirth in, i. 187

Harold the Fair-haired, king of Norway, ii. 279, vi. 100 n. 2

Harp, the music of the, in religion, v. 52 sqq.

Harpalyce, her incest with her father, v. 44 n. 1

Harpocrates, the younger Horus, vi. 8, 9 n.;

Osiris represented in the form of, vii. 260

Harpocration, on the human scapegoats at the Thargelia, ix. 254 n. 1

Harpooning a spirit, ix. 126

Harran, mourning of women for Tammuz in, v. 230;

legend of Tammuz in, vii. 258

——, the heathen of, drank blood to enter into communion with demons, i. 383;

their marriage festival of the gods in the Date Month, ii. 25;

their custom at grafting, ii. 100 n. 2;

human sacrifices offered by, vii. 261 sq.;

sacrifices offered by, viii. 23 n. 3;

their custom in December, ix. 263 sq.;

their marriage festival of all the gods, ix. 273 n. 1;

worship a god Haman, ix. 366 n. 1

Harris, island of, witches of the, i. 135;

Slope of Big Stones in, x. 227

Harris, J. Rendel, on borrowed Greek and Roman festivals in Syrian calendars, i. 15 n.;

on the pedigree of St. Hippolytus, 21 n. 2

[pg 299]

Harrison, Miss J. E., on the Sacred Marriage of Dionysus, ii. 137 n. 1;

on the Eleusinian mysteries, ii. 139 n. 1;

on the hyacinth (Delphinium Ajacis), v. 314 n. 1;

on the winnowing-fan in the myth and ritual of Dionysus, vii. 5 n. 4;

on the offering of first-fruits at Eleusis, vii. 60 n. 1;

on the date of the Festival of the Threshing-floor, vii. 62 n. 6;

on buckthorn, ix. 153 n. 1

Harrow used in rain-charm, i. 282, 284

Harte, Bret, on the old Spanish missions in California, viii. 171 n. 1

Harthoorn, S. E., on belief in demons in Java, ix. 86 sq.

Hartland, E. S., as to Mimetic Magic, i. 52 n. 1;

on the Godiva legend, i. 283 n. 3;

on legends of the Perseus type, ii. 156 n.;

on the reincarnation of the dead, v. 91 n. 3;

on primitive paternity, v. 106 n. 1;

on the Hag at harvest in Wales, vii. 143 n. 1;

on “burning the Old Witch” in Yorkshire, vii. 224 n. 4;

on throwing sticks and stones on cairns, ix. 22 n. 2;

on sin-eating, ix. 46 n. 2;

on custom of knocking in nails as a magical rite, ix. 69 n. 1;

on the life-token, xi. 119 n.

Hartlieb, in Silesia, dramatic contest between Summer and Winter at, iv. 256 n. 1

Haruvarus, degenerate Brahmans, their fire-walk, xi. 9

Harvest, rain-charms at, ii. 47;

custom of throwing water on the last corn cut as a rain-charm at, v. 237 sq.;

rites of, vi. 45 sqq.;

custom of the Arabs of Moab at, vi. 48, 96;

annual festival of the dead after, vi. 61, viii. 110;

new corn offered to dead kings or chiefs at, vi. 162, 166, 188;

prayers to the spirits of ancestors at, vi. 175 sq.;

sacrifices to dead chiefs at, vi. 191;

riddles propounded at, ix. 122 n.;

annual expulsion of demons at or after, ix. 134 sq., 137 sq., 225

—— in Egypt, date of, v. 231 n. 3, vi. 32

—— in Greece, the date of, i. 32, v. 232 n., vii. 48

—— in Palestine, date of, v. 232 n.

Harvest ceremonies among the Shilluk, iv. 20, 25

—— -child, last sheaf called the, vii. 151

—— -cock, last sheaf called the, vii. 276;

harvest-supper called the, vii. 277

—— -crown, vii. 221, 277;

of wheat-ears and flowers, vii. 163

—— -customs, the Corn-mother in, vii. 133 sqq.;

and spring customs compared, vii. 167 sqq.

—— -goat, vii. 282, 283

—— Gosling, name for the harvest-supper, vii. 277 n. 3

Harvest-man, a woman tied up in the last sheaf, vii. 221

—— May, the, ii. 47 sq.

—— -mother, last sheaf called the, vii. 135

—— -Queen, vii. 146 sq., 152

—— -supper, vii. 134, 138, 156, 157, 159 sq., 161 sq., 289, 297, 299;

sacramental character of, vii. 303, viii. 48

—— -woman, made of last sheaf, vii. 145

—— -wreath, vii. 283

Harvesters, athletic competitions among, vii. 76 sq.;

wrapt up in corn-stalks, vii. 220 sqq.

Harz Mountains, greasing the weapon instead of the wound in the, i. 204;

fir-trees set up at Midsummer in the, ii. 65 sq.;

ceremony at Carnival in the, iv. 233;

saying as to the dance of witches in the, ix. 163 n. 1;

Easter fires in the, x. 140, 142;

Midsummer fires in the, x. 169;

need-fire in the, x. 276;

springwort in the, xi. 69 sqq.

Haselberg in Bohemia, farmer swathed in the last corn to be threshed at, vii. 225 sq.;

the Oats-goat at threshing at, vii. 286

Hasselt, J. L. van, on the belief in demons among the Papuans, ix. 83

Hastings, Warren, his embassy to Tibet, ix. 203

Hatfield Moss, in Yorkshire, huge trunks of oak found in, ii. 351

Hathor, Egyptian goddess, ii. 133, vi. 9 n.

Hats, special, worn by girls at puberty, x. 45, 46, 47, 92.

See also Hoods

Hatshopsitou, birth of Queen, represented in Egyptian paintings, ii. 131 sqq.

Hattusil, king of the Hittites, his treaty with Rameses II., v. 135

Haua, a god in Easter Island, viii. 133

Haupt, Professor P., on the principal personages in the Book of Esther, ix. 406 n. 2

Hausa kings put to death, iv. 35

—— story of the external soul, xi. 148 sq.

Haussas, taboos on the names of relations among the, iii. 337

Havamal, how Odin learned the magic runes in the, v. 290

Hawaii, feather robes of royal family of, i. 388 n. 3;

king of, not to be seen by day, iii. 24;

capture of souls by sorcerers in, iii. 72 sq.;

exorcism of demons in, iii. 106;

tabooed priest in, iii. 138 n. 1;

customs as to chiefs and shadows in, iii. 255;

annual festival in, iv. 117 sq.;

the volcano of Kirauea in, v. 216 sqq.

[pg 300]

Hawaiian taboo, iii. 262

Hawaiians, the New Year of the, xi. 244

Hawes, Mrs., on date of the corn-reaping in Crete, v. 232 n.

Hawk, belief as to the shadow of a brown, iii. 82;

symbol of the sun and of the king in Egypt, iv. 112;

Isis in the form of a, vi. 8;

the sacred bird of the earliest Egyptian dynasties, vi. 21 sq.;

epithet regularly applied to the king of Egypt, vi. 22;

omens from, ix. 384 n. 1

See also Hawks

Hawk-town (Hieraconpolis) in Egypt, vi. 21 sq.

Hawk's head and wings, man represented wearing a, vii. 260

Hawkie, the harvest home, vii. 146, 147 n. 1

Hawks worshipped in Egypt, i. 29;

carved on the bier of Osiris, vi. 20;

hearts of, eaten by diviners to acquire prophetic power, viii. 143;

revered by the Ainos, viii. 200.

See also Hawk

Hawkweed gathered at Midsummer, xi. 57

Hawthorn, Merlin under the, i. 306;

in bloom on May Day, ii. 52;

a protection against witches, ii. 55, 127;

at doors on May Day, ii. 60;

a charm against ghosts, ix. 153 n. 1;

mistletoe on, xi. 315, 316

Haxthausen, A. von, on the Midsummer festival of the Cheremiss, x. 181

Hay, Sir John Drummond, on the Corn-woman among the Berbers, vii. 179

Hays of Errol, their fate bound up with an oak-tree and the mistletoe growing on it, xi. 283 sq.

Hazael, king of Syria, worshipped as a god by the people of Damascus, v. 15

Hazebrouck, in France, wicker giants on Shrove Tuesday at, xi. 35

Hazel, the divining-rod made of, xi. 67 sq.;

never struck by lightning, xi. 69 n.

Hazel leaves in rain ceremony, i. 295

—— rod used to beat an absent man vicariously, i. 207;

used in rain-making, i. 301;

to drive cattle with, x. 204

Head, sacrificial victim required to shake its, i. 384;

strayed souls restored to, iii. 47, 48, 52, 53 sq., 64, 67;

prohibition to touch the, iii. 142, 183, 189, 252 sq., 254, 255 sq.;

plastered with mud, iii. 182;

sacred in Polynesia, iii. 245;

the human, regarded as sacred, iii. 252 sqq.;

tabooed, iii. 252 sqq.;

supposed to be the residence of spirits, iii. 252;

objection to have any one overhead, iii. 253 sqq.;

washing the, iii. 253.

See also Heads

—— of chief not to be touched, i. 344

Head of horse, in Roman sacrifice, viii. 42;

used to protect garden from caterpillars, viii. 43 n. 1;

in effigy, at harvest festival, viii. 43 n. 1, 337

Head-dress, special, worn by girls at first menstruation, x. 92

“—— -Feast” among the Dyaks of Borneo, v. 295 sq.;

of the Sea Dyaks, ix. 383, 384 n. 1

—— -hunters, rules observed by people at home in absence of, i. 129;

customs of, iii. 30, 36, 71 sq., 111, 166 sq., 169 sq., 261

—— -hunting in Borneo, v. 294 sqq.;

in the Philippines, vii. 240 sq.;

among the Wild Wa of Burma, vii. 241 sqq.;

among the Nagas, vii. 243 sq.;

as a means of promoting the growth of the crops, vii. 256

Headache caused by fatigue of soul, iii. 40;

caused by clipped hair, iii. 270 sq., 282;

cures for, ix. 2, 52, 58, 63, 64, x. 17;

transferred to head-rings, ix. 2;

transferred to animal, ix. 31;

mugwort a protection against, xi. 59

Headington, in Oxfordshire, May garlands at, ii. 62 n. 2;

Lord and Lady of the May at, ii. 90 sq.

Headlam, Walter, on Dionysus as a god of beer, vii. 2 n. 1

Headless Hugh, Highland story of, xi. 130 sq.

—— horsemen in India, xi. 131 n. 1

Headman, sacred, ix. 177 n. 3

Headmen of totem clans in Central Australia as public magicians, i. 335;

headmen often magicians in South-East Australia, i. 335 sq.

Heads of lac gatherers not to be washed, i. 115;

custom of moulding heads artificially, ii. 297 sq.;

of manslayers shaved, iii. 177;

of dead kings removed and kept, iv. 202 sq.;

severed human, thought to promote the fertility of the ground and of women, v. 294 sqq.;

used as guardians by Taurians and tribes of Borneo, v. 294 sqq.;

of dead chiefs cut off and buried secretly, vi. 104;

shaved after lightning has struck a kraal, viii. 161;

or faces of menstruous women covered, x. 22, 24, 25, 29, 31, 44 sq., 48 sq., 55, 90.

See also Head

Heaps of stones, sticks, or leaves, to which every passer-by adds, ix. 9 sqq.;

on the scene of crimes, ix. 13 sqq.;

“lying heaps,” ix. 14;

on graves, ix. 15 sqq.

Hearn, Lafcadio, on the exorcism of demons in Japan, ix. 144

Hearne, S., on taboos observed by manslayers among North American Indians, [pg 301] iii. 184 sqq.;

on the seclusion of menstruous women among the Chippeway Indians, x. 90 sq.

Hearn, Dr. W. E., on mother-kin among the Aryans, ii. 283 n. 5

Heart of Dionysus, the sacred, vii. 13, 14, 15;

of human victim torn out, viii. 92;

of jackal not eaten lest it make the eater timid, viii. 141;

of hen not eaten lest it make the eater timid, viii. 142;

of lion or leopard eaten to make the eater brave, viii. 142 sq.;

of water-ousel eaten in order to acquire wisdom and eloquence, viii. 144;

of bear eaten to acquire courage, viii. 146;

of serpent eaten to acquire language of animals, viii. 146;

of wolf eaten to make eater brave, viii. 146;

regarded as the seat of intellect, viii. 149;

of bird of prey eaten to acquire courage, viii. 162;

of salmon not to be eaten by a dog, viii. 255 n. 4;

of bewitched animal burnt or boiled to compel the witch to appear, x. 321 sq.

See also Hearts

—— of the Earth, a Mexican goddess, ix. 289

Hearth, bride at marriage conducted to the, ii. 221;

custom of leading a bride round the, ii. 230, 231;

new-born children brought to the, ii. 232

——, the common, at Delphi, i. 33;

in Greek cities, i. 45

——, the king's, at Rome, ii. 195, 200, 206;

oath by, ii. 265

——, the sacred, of the Herero, ii. 213, 214;

seat of the ancestral spirits, ii. 216, 221

Hearts of men and animals offered to the sun, i. 315;

of dead kings eaten by their successors, iv. 203;

of men sacrificed, vii. 236;

of crows, moles, or hawks eaten by diviners to acquire prophetic power, viii. 143;

of men eaten to acquire their qualities, viii. 148 sqq.;

of human victims offered to the sun, ix. 279 sq., 298;

of human victims offered to the moon, ix. 282;

of diseased cattle cut out and hung up as a remedy, x. 269 n. 1, 325.

See also Heart

Heathen festivals displaced by Christian, v. 308

—— origin of Midsummer festival (festival of St. John), v. 249 sq.;

of Christmas, v. 302 sqq.

Heaven, vault of, imitated in rain-charm, i. 261, 262;

threatened with conflagration as a rain-charm, i. 303;

festivals of, i. 399 sq.;

slave treated as the representative of, i. 399 sq.;

temple and image of, i. 414;

the Chinese emperor a son of, i. 416 sq.;

eaten by heaven-herds among the Zulus, viii. 160 sq.

Heaven and earth, between, x. 1 sqq., 98 sq.

——, the Queen of, xi. 303

“Heaven bird” in rain-making, i. 302

—— -herds among the Zulus, viii. 160

Heavenly Master, the head of Taoism, i. 413 sqq.

—— Virgin or Goddess, mother of the Sun, v. 303

Hebesio, god of thunder, on the Gold Coast, iii. 257

Hebrew kings, traces of their divinity, v. 20 sqq.

—— names ending in -el or -iah, v. 79 n. 3

—— prohibition of images of animals, i. 87 n. 1

—— prophecy, the distinctive character of, v. 75

—— prophets, their ethical religion, i. 223;

their resemblance to those of Africa, v. 74 sq.

Hebrews, their notion of the blighting effect of sexual crime, ii. 114 sq.;

apocryphal Gospel to the, iv. 5 n. 3;

sacrifice their children to Baal, iv. 168 sqq.;

their sacrifice of the first-born, iv. 171 sqq.;

forbidden to reap corners of fields and glean last grapes, vii. 234 sq.;

sacrificed and burned incense to nets, viii. 240 n. 1;

the importance they ascribed to blessings and cursings, ix. 23 n.;

their use of birds as scapegoats for leprosy, ix. 35

Hebrides, wind-charms in the, i. 322 sq.;

St. Bride's bed on St. Bride's Day in the, ii. 94;

the Outer, the fire of a kiln called by a special name in the, iii. 395;

peats cut in the wane of the moon in the, vi. 137 sq.

Hebron, practice of Moslem pilgrims at, ix. 21

Hecaerge, an epithet of Artemis, v. 292

Hecate at Ephesus, v. 291;

sometimes identified with Artemis, v. 292 n.

—— and Zeus worshipped at Stratonicea, vi. 227

Hecatombaeon, an Athenian month, ix. 351

Hecatombeus, a Greek month, v. 314

Heckewelder, Rev. John, on attitude of North American Indians to the lower animals, viii. 205 sq.

Hecquard, H., on exorcism of evil spirit in Guinea, ix. 120

Hector, first chief of Lochbuy, xi. 131 n. 1

Hedgehog not to be eaten by soldiers, i. 117;

transmigration of sinner into, viii. 299

[pg 302]

Hegel on magic and religion, i. 235 n. 1, 423 sqq.

Hegemone, epithet of Artemis, i. 37 n. 1

Hehn, V., on evergreens in Italy, i. 8 n. 4;

on derivation of name Corycian, v. 187 n. 6

Heiberg, Sigurd K., on Midsummer fires in Norway, x. 171 n. 3

Heifer sacrificed at kindling need-fire, x. 290

Heimskringla or Sagas of the Norwegian Kings, ii. 280

Heine, H., Pilgrimage to Kevlaar, i. 77;

on the oak woods of Germany, ii. 243

Heitsi-eibib, Hottentot god or hero, his graves, iv. 3, x. 16

Hekaerge and Hekaergos, i. 33, 34, 35

Helaga, holy or taboo, ii. 106 n.2

Helbig, W., on bronze statuettes at Nemi, i. 20 n. 5

Helen and Menelaus, ii. 279

—— of the Tree, worshipped in Rhodes, v. 292

Helensburgh, in Dumbartonshire, Hallowe'en at, x. 237 n. 5

Helernus, grove of, ii. 190 sq.

Heliacal rising of Sirius, vi. 152

Helice, in Achaia, destroyed by earthquake, v. 203;

Poseidon worshipped at, v. 203 n. 2

Heligoland, disappearance of herring about, viii. 251

Heliodorus, on the priesthood of Apollo and Artemis at Ephesus, vi. 243 sq.

Heliogabalus, the Emperor, his marriage of the Sun-god and Moon-goddess, iv. 92;

his sacrifice of children of living parents, vi. 248

——, sun-god at Emesa, v. 35

Heliopolis (the Egyptian), Tum the god of, i. 419;

the gods of, ii. 131;

wine not to be taken into the temple at, iii. 249 n. 2;

the mummy of Toumou at, iv. 5;

Mnevis the sacred bull of, iv. 72, viii. 34;

trial of the dead Osiris before the gods at, vi. 17

—— (Baalbec), in Syria, v. 163 n. 2;

sacred prostitution at, i. 30 n. 3, v. 37, 58

Hell-broth in rain-charm, i. 352

—— -fire in Catholic and Protestant theology, iv. 136

“—— -gate of Ireland,” x. 226

Helle and Phrixus, the children of King Athamas, iv. 161 sqq.

Hellebore, curses at cutting, i. 281

Helmsdale, in Sutherland, need-fire at, x. 295

Helpful animals in fairy tales, xi. 107, 117, 120, 127 sqq., 130, 132, 133, 139 n. 2, 140 sq., 149

Hemingway, Mr., on unlucky marriages in India, ii. 57 n. 4

Hemithea, her sanctuary at Castabus, viii. 24 n. 5, 85

Hemlock as an anaphrodisiac, ii. 138, 139 n. 1;

burned on May Day as a protection against witches, ix. 158 sq.

Hemlock branch, external soul of ogress in a, xi. 152

—— branches, passing through a ring of, in time of sickness, xi. 186

—— stone in Nottinghamshire, x. 157

Hemorrhoids, root of orpine a cure for, xi. 62 n.

Hemp, homoeopathic magic to promote the growth of, i. 137 sq.;

augury as to the height of the, ix. 315;

dances to make hemp grow tall, ix. 315;

intoxication of women to make hemp grow tall, x. 109;

leaping over the Midsummer bonfire to make the hemp grow tall, x. 166, 168

Hemp dance on Shrove Tuesday, i. 138

—— seed, divination by, at Hallowe'en, x. 235, 241, 245

Hen sacrificed by woodman after felling tree, ii. 14;

soul in form of, iii. 42 n.;

heart of, not eaten, viii. 142, 147.

See also Hens

—— and chickens imitated by a woman and her children at Christmas, x. 260

Hen's egg, external soul of giant in a, xi. 140 sq.

Henderson, William, on need-fire, x. 288 sq.;

on a remedy for cattle-disease, x. 296 n. 1;

on burnt sacrifice of ox, x. 301

Henna, image of Demeter at, vii. 65

Hennepin, L., on the New Year festival of the Iroquois, ix. 128 n.

Heno, the thunder-spirit of the Iroquois, ii. 369 sq.

Henry II., Hampstead in the reign of, ii. 7;

at Rouen, ii. 164, 165

Hens not eaten lest they make the eaters timid, viii. 140, 142, 147;

the straw of the Shrovetide Bear supposed to make the hens lay eggs, viii. 326.

See also Hen

Henshaw, Richard, on external or bush souls in Calabar, xi. 205 sq.

Hepding, H., on Attis, v. 263 n. 1;

on Catullus's poem Attis, v. 270 n. 2;

on the bath of Cybele's image, v. 280

Hephaestion, funeral games in honour of, iv. 95

Hephaestius, a Greek month, vii. 46 n. 2

Hephaestus, the Greek fire-god, reputed father of Erichthonius, ii. 199;

(Ptah), temple of, at Memphis, iv. 259 n. 1;

and hot springs, v. 209;

said to have [pg 303] killed Adonis, viii. 23;

worshipped in Lemnos, x. 138

Hephaestus and Talos, iv. 74

Heqet, Egyptian frog-goddess, vi. 9 n.

Hera, her adoption of Hercules, i. 74;

the love of Zeus for, i. 161;

as an oak-goddess, ii. 142, 142 n. 2;

race of girls in honour of, at Olympia, iv. 91;

the sister of her husband Zeus, iv. 194;

represented wearing a goat's skin, vii. 23 n. 4

——, Argive, her sacred grove among the Veneti, i. 27

—— the Flowery at Argos, ii. 143 n. 2

—— and Hercules, i. 74

—— and Zeus, their sacred marriage, ii. 137 n. 1, 140 sq., 142 sq., v. 280

Heraclids, Lydian destiny of the, v. 182, 184;

perhaps Hittite, v. 185

Heraclitus, on the souls of the dead, iv. 12

Heraean mountains in Sicily, the oaks of the, ii. 354

Heraeon, a Greek month, viii. 7

Heralds, tongues of sacrificial victims assigned to Greek, viii. 270 sq.

Herb, a magic, gathered at Hallowe'en, x. 228

—— of St. John, mugwort, gathered on St. John's Eve or Day, xi. 58 sqq.;

wonderful virtues ascribed to, xi. 46, 58 sqq.

See also Herbs

Herbert River in Queensland, personal names avoided for fear of magic on the, iii. 320

Herbrechtingen, in Thüringen, the cow at threshing at, vii. 291

Herbs thrown across the Midsummer fires, x. 182, 201;

wonderful, gathered on St. John's Eve or Day, xi. 45 sqq.

—— and flowers cast into the Midsummer bonfires, x. 162, 163, 172, 173

Hercules adopted by Hera, i. 74;

sacrifice with curses to, i. 281 sq.;

his birth delayed by Lucina, iii. 298 sq.;

in the garden of the Hesperides, iv. 80;

identified with Melcarth, v. 16, 111;

slain by Typhon and revived by Iolaus, v. 111;

burnt on Mount Oeta, v. 111, 116, 211;

worshipped at Gades, v. 112 sq.;

women excluded from sacrifices to, v. 113 n. 1;

identified with Sandan, v. 125, 143, 161, ix. 388;

burns himself, v. 176;

worshipped after death, v. 180;

the itch of, v. 209;

his dispute with Aesculapius, v. 209 sq.;

the patron of hot springs, v. 209 sqq.;

altar of, at Thermopylae, v. 210;

the effeminate, vi. 257, 258, 259;

priest of, dressed as a woman, vi. 258;

vernal mysteries of, at Rome, vi. 258;

sacrifices to, at Rome, vi. 258 n. 5;

apple offered instead of ram to, viii. 95 n. 2;

surnamed Worm-killing, viii. 282;

cake with twelve knobs offered to, ix. 351 n. 3;

his death on a pyre, ix. 389, 391

Hercules and Achelous, ii. 162

—— and Alcmena, iii. 298 sq.

—— at Argyrus, temple of, x. 99 n. 3

—— and Busiris, vii. 259

—— and the lion, v. 184

—— with the lion's scalp, Greek type of, v. 117 sq.

—— and Lityerses, vii. 217

—— surnamed Locust, viii. 282

——, the Lydian, identical with the Cilician Hercules, v. 182, 184, 185

—— and Omphale, ii. 281 sq., v. 182, vi. 258, ix. 389

—— and Sardanapalus, v. 172 sqq.

—— and Syleus, vii. 258

—— and Zeus, viii. 172

Hercynian forest, the, ii. 7, 354;

etymology of the name, ii. 354 n. 2, 367 n. 3

Herd-boys, taboos observed by Esthonian, ii. 331

Herdsmen dread witches and wolves, x. 343

Hereditary and elective monarchy, combination of the two, ii. 292 sqq.

—— deities, v. 51

—— queens and elective kings, ii. 295

Hereford, the Boy Bishop at, ix. 337

Herefordshire, soul-cakes in, vi. 79;

the sin-eater in, ix. 43;

fires kindled on the Eve of Twelfth Day in, ix. 318 sqq.;

Midsummer fires in, x. 199;

the Yule log in, x. 257 sq.

Herero or Damaras, a Bantu tribe of German South-West Africa, their contagious magic of footprints, i. 209;

their prayers and sacrifices for rain, i. 287;

their fire-customs, ii. 211 sqq.;

their huts and villages, ii. 212 sq.;

their worship of ancestors, ii. 221;

seclusion of women at childbirth among the, iii. 151;

purification of warriors after battle among the, iii. 176;

holiness of women in childbed among the, iii. 225 n.;

the worship of the dead among the, vi. 185 sqq.

Hermaphrodite son of Sky and Earth, v. 282 n.

Hermaphrodites, dance of, v. 271 n.

Hermegisclus, king of the Varini, enjoined his son to wed his stepmother, ii. 283

Hermes at Athens, the mutilation of the, iii. 75;

the grave of, iv. 4;

tongues of victims assigned to, viii. 270;

tried for the murder of Argus, ix. 24;

wayside images of, ix. 24;

Cretan festival of, ix. 350

—— and Aegipan, v. 157

[pg 304]

Hermes and Argus, ix. 24

Hermesianax, on the death of Attis, v. 264 n. 4

Hermion, Dionysus of the Black Goat-skin at, vii. 17

Hermopolis, grave of Hermes at, iv. 4

Hermotimus of Clazomenae and his rambling soul, iii. 50

Hermsdorf, in Silesia, harvest custom at, vii. 139

Hermus, river, in Asia Minor, v. 185, 186

Hermutrude, legendary queen of Scotland, ii. 281

Herndon, W. L., on the ordeal of stinging with ants among the Indians of Brazil, x. 62 n. 3

Hernia, cured by prayer of girl at puberty, x. 98 n. 1

Herod resorts to the springs of Callirrhoe, v. 214;

his slaughter of the young children, ix. 337;

his soldiers' treatment of Christ, ix. 416

Herodas, as to the soul on the lips, iii. 33 n. 3

Herodes Atticus, his benefaction at Thermopylae, v. 210

Herodias, cursed by Slavonian peasants, v. 345

Herodotus on the Hyperborean maidens, i. 34 ns.;

on the divinity of Spartan kings, i. 48 sq.;

on the destruction of the Psylli, i. 331;

on descent of the Lydian crown, ii. 282;

on sanctuary of Aphrodite at Paphos, v. 34;

on religious prostitution, v. 58;

on wife of Bel, v. 71;

on Cyrus and Croesus, v. 174;

on the sacrifices of Croesus to Apollo, v. 180 n. 1;

on so-called monument of Sesostris, v. 185;

on the festival of Osiris at Sais, vi. 50;

on the mourning for Osiris, vi. 86;

identifies Osiris with Dionysus, vi. 113 n. 2;

on the similarity between the rites of Osiris and Dionysus, vi. 127;

on human sacrifices offered by the wife of Xerxes, vi. 221;

on the Linus song, vii. 258;

on human sacrifices in ancient Egypt, vii. 259 n. 3;

on the Egyptian sacrifice of pigs to Osiris and the moon, viii. 25 n. 1;

on the worship of Ishtar (Astarte), ix. 372

Heroes worshipped in form of animals, v. 139 n. 1

Herrera, A. de, on naguals among the Indians of Honduras, xi. 213 sq.

Herrick, Robert, The Hock-cart or the Harvest Home, vii. 147 n. 1;

on the Yule log, x. 225

Herring thought to be attracted by the laird of Dunvegan, i. 368;

superstitions as to, viii. 251 sq.;

salt, divination by, at Hallowe'en, x. 239

Herrings and dumplings to be eaten on Twelfth Night, ix. 241

Hersilia, a Sabine goddess, ii. 193 n. 1

Hertfordshire, May garlands and carols in, ii. 61, 61 n. 1;

“Crying the Mare” in, vii. 292 sq.;

ague transferred to oaks in, ix. 57 sq.

Hertz, W., on religious prostitution, v. 57 n. 1, 59 n. 4

Heruli, a Teutonic tribe, their custom of killing the sick and old, iv. 14

Hervey Islands, South Pacific, legend of the origin of the Pleiades in the, vii. 312

Herzegovina, marriage custom at Mostar in, ii. 230 sq.;

the Yule log in, x. 263;

need-fire in, x. 286

Hesiod, on acorns as food, ii. 355;

on Demeter as goddess of the corn, vii. 42;

on time for ploughing, vii. 45;

on time of vintage, vii. 47 n. 2;

on the farmer's calendar, vii. 53

Hesperides, garden of the, iv. 80

Hesse, homoeopathic treatment of a broken leg in, i. 205;

race on horseback at a marriage in, ii. 303 sq.;

custom at ploughing in, v. 239;

pigs' ribs used at sowing in, vii. 300;

Lenten fire-custom in, x. 118;

Easter fires in, x. 140;

wells decked with flowers on Midsummer Day in, xi. 28

Hest, the Egyptian name for Isis, vi. 50 n. 4, 115 n. 1

Hestia, the Greek equivalent of Vesta, i. 45;

sacrifices offered by the king to, i. 45

Hettingen in Baden, custom at sowing at, v. 239

Heudanemi at Athens, i. 325 n. 1

Hewitt, J. N. B., on need-fire of the Iroquois, x. 299 sq.

Heyne, C. G., on the Parilia, ii. 329 n. 1

Hezekiah, King, and the brazen serpent, iv. 86;

his reformation, v. 25, 107;

date of his reign, v. 25 n. 4

Hiaina district of Morocco, Midsummer custom of Arab women in, xi. 51

Hialto, how he became brave, viii. 146

Hibeh papyri, vi. 35 n. 1, 51 n. 1

Hibiscus tree used in making fire-drill, iii. 227

Hidatsa Indians of North America, on the shades or spirits of cottonwood trees, ii. 12;

taboos observed by eagle-hunters among the, iii. 198 sq.;

their theory of the plurality of souls, xi. 221 sq.

Hide, cow's, beaten with staves on the last day of the year in the Highlands of Scotland, viii. 322 sqq.;

beaten by the Salii with rods, ix. 231

Hide-measured lands, legends as to, vi. 249 sq.

[pg 305]

Hiera Sykaminos, furthest point of Roman empire in southern Egypt, iv. 144 n. 2

Hieracium pilosella, mouse-ear hawk-weed, gathered at Midsummer, xi. 57

Hieraconpolis or Hawk-town, the oldest royal capital in Egypt, iv. 112;

hawks worshipped at, vi. 22 n. 1;

representations of the Sed festival at, vi. 151

Hierapolis on the Euphrates, biennial ceremony of pouring water at, i. 251 n. 4;

sacred pigs at, viii. 23

——, the Syrian, offerings of hair at, i. 29;

rule as to mourners entering the temple of Astarte at, iii. 286;

high priest of the Syrian goddess at, v. 143 n. 4;

festival of the Pyre or Torch at, v. 146, ix. 392;

sacred doves at, v. 147;

eunuch priests of Astarte at, v. 269 sq.

—— and Hieropolis, distinction between, v. 168 n. 2

——, in the valley of the Maeander, cave of Pluto at, v. 206;

hot springs at, v. 206 sqq.

Hierapolis-Bambyce, Atargatis the goddess of, v. 137, 162;

mysterious golden image at, v. 162 n. 2;

rules as to the pollution of death at, vi. 227

Hieroglyphics, Hittite, v. 124, 125 n.

Hieroglyphs perhaps magical in origin, i. 87 n. 1

Hieron, Greek vase of, vii. 68 n. 1

Hierophant at Eleusis, temporarily deprived of his virility, ii. 138;

his marriage, ii. 139 n. 1;

his exhortation to offer the first-fruits, vii. 55, 59 sq.;

unlawful sacrifice offered by a, vii. 61 n. 4;

perhaps represented Zeus in a sacred marriage, vii. 65

Higgins, Rev. J. C., on bonfires at Tarbolton, x. 207 n. 2

High Alps, department of the, Midsummer fires in the, xi. 39 sq.

High History of the Holy Graal, iv. 120, 134

High Priest in Timor, rules observed by, during absence of warriors, i. 128 sq.;

of the Kafirs of the Hindoo Koosh, taboos observed by the, iii. 14 n. 2;

of Syrian goddess at Hierapolis, v. 143 n. 4;

the Jewish, viii. 27, ix. 210;

the Fijian, xi. 245

—— Priestess, head of the State in Khyrim, vi. 203

Highland sorcerers use knotted cords, iii. 305 n. 3

—— sportsmen, their guns or fishing-rods not to be stepped over, iii. 423

—— story of absence of soul in sleep, iii. 40 sq.;

of Headless Hugh, xi. 130 sq.

—— witches, how they sink ships, i. 135

Highlanders of Scotland, their notion as to whirlwinds, i. 329;

their precautions against witchcraft on Beltane Eve, ii. 53;

forced fire (need-fire) among the, ii. 238;

their superstitions as to Good Friday, iii. 229;

their belief as to cut hair, iii. 271;

loose or cut all knots on a corpse, iii. 310;

certain words tabooed to them at sea, iii. 394;

on the influence of the moon, vi. 132, 134, 140;

their medicinal applications of menstruous blood, x. 98 n. 1;

their belief in the power of witches to destroy cattle, x. 343 n. 1;

their belief concerning snake stones, xi. 311

Highlands of Scotland, magic to catch fish in the, i. 110;

magical virtues ascribed to chiefs in the, i. 368;

faith in the healing touch of a Macdonald in the, i. 370 n. 3;

St. Bride's day in the, ii. 94;

fires put out in house of death in the, ii. 267 n. 4;

divination by the shoulder-blades of sheep in the, iii. 229;

iron as a charm against fairies in the, iii. 232 sq.;

saying about combing hair at night in the, iii. 271;

knots untied and buckles removed at marriage in the, iii. 299 sq.;

the last corn cut at harvest called the Old Wife (Cailleach) in the, vii. 140 sqq.;

the last corn cut at harvest called the Maiden in the, vii. 155 sqq.;

beating the cow's hide on the last day of the year in the, viii. 322 sqq.;

custom of throwing stones on cairns in the, ix. 20 sq.;

cock buried alive on spot where epileptic patient fell down in the, ix. 68 n. 2;

the Twelve Days in the, ix. 324;

snake stones in the, x. 16;

Beltane fires in the, x. 146 sqq.;

Hallowe'en fires in the, x. 230 sqq.;

divination at Hallowe'en in the, x. 229, 234 sqq.;

need-fire in the, x. 289 sqq.;

need-fire and Beltane fire kindled by the friction of oak in the, xi. 91

Hilaria, Festival of Joy in the rites of Attis, v. 273

Hildesheim, the Leaf King at Whitsuntide at, ii. 85;

bell-ringing at, on Ascension Day, ix. 247 sq.;

Easter rites of fire and water at, x. 124;

Easter bonfires at, x. 141;

the need-fire at, x. 272 sq.;

hawk-weed gathered on Midsummer Day at, xi. 57

Hill, G. F., on image of Artemis at Perga, v. 35 n. 2;

on legend of coins at Tarsus, v. 126 n. 2;

on goddess 'Atheh, v. 162 n. 1;

on coins of Mallus, v. 165 n. 6

[pg 306]

Hill, Miss Nina, on a Candlemas custom in County Galway, ii. 95 n.

Hill of the Fires in the Highlands of Scotland, x. 149

—— of Lloyd, near Kells, iv. 99

—— of Ward, in County Meath, x. 139

Hill Tout, C., on respect shown by the Indians of British Columbia for the animals and plants which they eat, vi. 44;

on Indian ceremonies before eating the first wild berries or roots of the season, viii. 80 sq., 134

Hills, spirits of, worshipped in Burma, ii. 41

Himalayan districts of the North-Western Provinces of India, gardens of Adonis in the, v. 242;

sacrifices at sowing and harvest in the, viii. 117;

prayers at cairns in the, ix. 29;

mistletoe in the, xi. 316

Himalayas, cairns or heaps of sticks in the, ix. 12

Himera, the battle of, iv. 167, v. 115;

hot springs of, v. 213 n. 1

Himerius, on the gift of the corn, vii. 58

Hindoo bride led round the fire, ii. 230

—— ceremony of rebirth from a golden cow, iii. 113

—— charm to cause sleep, i. 148;

ancient, by means of knots, iii. 306

—— expiation for killing sacred animals, iv. 216

—— marriage, the pole-star at, i. 166

—— marriages of trees and shrubs, ii. 25 sq.

—— places of pilgrimage, hair of criminals shaved at, iii. 287

—— ritual, confession of sins in, iii. 217;

ancient, for the transference of thirst, ix. 38;

abstinence from salt in, x. 27;

as to cutting a child's hair, x. 99 n. 2

—— story of the absence of the soul in a dream, iii. 38 n. 4

—— Trinity, i. 225, 404

—— women will not name their husbands, iii. 333;

their restrictions at menstruation, x. 84

—— worship of cows, viii. 37

Hindoo Koosh, sacred cedar of the, i. 383;

diviners among the tribes of the, i. 383 sq.;

the Kafirs of the, i. 385;

expulsion of demons after harvest in the, ix. 137, 225

Hindoos, magical images among the, i. 63 sqq.;

their contagious magic of footprints, i. 209;

their test of a sacrificial victim, i. 384 sq.;

worship the Holy Basil (tulasi) plant, ii. 26 sq.;

their custom at yawning, iii. 31;

their custom as to paring children's nails, iii. 262 sq.;

their belief as to shooting stars, iv. 67;

their indifference to death, iv. 136;

sacredness of the first-born among the, iv. 181;

their belief in the rebirth of a father in his son, iv. 188;

burial of infants among the, v. 94;

their worship of perpetual fire, v. 192;

their marriage customs, vi. 246, x. 75;

transference of evil among the, ix. 38;

their fear of demons, ix. 91 sq.;

maidens secluded at puberty among the, x. 68;

their use of menstruous fluid, x. 98 n. 1;

stories of the external soul among the, xi. 97 sqq.

See also India

Hindoos, ancient, magical images among the, i. 77;

their treatment of jaundice, i. 79;

barley in the religious ritual of the, vii. 132;

sacrifice of first-fruits among the, viii. 119 sq.;

their cure for epilepsy, ix. 69 n.

—— of the Central Provinces, their belief that a twin can ward off hail and heavy rain, i. 269

—— of Northern India, their mode of drinking moonshine, vi. 144

—— of the Punjaub, their belief as to the length of a soul's residence in heaven, iv. 67;

annual ceremony of the expulsion of poverty among the, ix. 144 sq.;

their custom of passing unlucky children through narrow openings, xi. 190

—— of Southern India, their ceremony at eating the new rice, viii. 56;

their Pongol festival, xi. 1

Hinnom, the Valley of, sacrifice of first-born children in, iv. 169, 170, v. 178, vi. 219

Hippasus, torn to pieces by Bacchanals, iv. 164

Hippoclides and Clisthenes, ii. 307 sq.

Hippocrates, sacrifices offered to, i. 105;

on a Sarmatian custom of moulding the heads of children artificially, ii. 297

Hippodamia, her marriage with Pelops, iv. 91;

institutes the girls' race at Olympia, iv. 91;

grave of the suitors of, iv. 104;

her incest with her father, v. 44 n. 1

—— and Pelops, ii. 279, 299 sq.

Hippolytus killed by horses, i. 20, iv. 214, viii. 40;

restored to life by Aesculapius, i. 20, iv. 214;

dedicated horses to Aesculapius, i. 21 n. 2, viii. 41 n. 5;

hair dedicated by youths and maidens to, i. 28, 39

—— and Artemis, i. 19 sq., 24 sqq.

—— and Phaedra, i. 19

—— or Virbius, the first King of the Wood at Nemi, i. 19 sq., iv. 214, viii. 40

Hippolytus, Christian Father, on the [pg 307] exhibition of corn to the initiates at Eleusis, vii. 38

Hippolytus, Saint, martyrdom of, i. 21

Hippomenes wins Atalante in a race, ii. 301

Hippopotamus, ceremony after killing a, viii. 235;

external soul of chief in a, xi. 200

Hippopotamuses, souls of dead in, viii. 289;

lives of persons bound up with those of, xi. 201, 202, 205, 209

Hiqit, frog-headed Egyptian goddess, ii. 132, 133

Hirn, Y., as to homoeopathic magic, i. 52 n. 1;

on magic by similarity and magic by contact, i. 54 n. 1

Hiro, Polynesian thief-god, iii. 69

Hirpi Sorani, their fire-walk, xi. 14 sq.

Hirpini, the, traced their origin to a “sacred spring,” iv. 186;

guided by a wolf (hirpus), iv. 186 n. 4;

valley of Amsanctus in the land of, v. 204

Hirschfeld, G., on Hittite hieroglyphs, i. 87 n. 1

Hirt, Professor H., on the derivation of the name Perkunas, ii. 367 n. 3;

on the Twelve Days, ix. 325 n. 3

Hissar District, Punjaub, burial of dead infants at the threshold in the, v. 94

Historical tradition hampered by the taboo on the names of the dead, iii. 363 sqq.

History not to be explained without the influence of great men, v. 311 n. 2;

of mankind not to be summed up in a few simple formulas, viii. 37;

of religion a long attempt to reconcile old custom with new reason, viii. 40

Hitchin, in Hertfordshire, May carols at, ii. 61 n. 1

Hittite, correct form of the national name Chatti or Hatti, v. 133 n.

Hittite god of thunder, v. 134, 163

—— gods at Tarsus and Sardes, v. 185

—— hieroglyphics, i. 87 n. 1, v. 124, 125 n.

—— inscription on Mount Argaeus, v. 190 n. 1

—— priest or king, his costume, v. 131 sq., 133 n.

—— sculptures at Carchemish, v. 38 n., 123;

at Ibreez, v. 121 sqq.;

at Bor (Tyana), v. 122 n. 1;

at Euyuk, v. 123;

at Boghaz-Keui, v. 128 sqq.;

at Babylon, v. 134;

at Zenjirli, v. 134;

at Giaour-Kalesi, v. 138 n.;

at Kara-Bel, v. 138 n.;

at Marash, v. 173;

in Lydia, v. 185

—— Sun-goddess, v. 133 n.

—— treaty with Egypt, v. 135 sq.

Hittites worship the bull, v. 123, 132;

their empire, language, etc., v. 124 sq.;

their costume, v. 129 sq., 131;

their seals of treaty, v. 136, 142 n. 1, 145 n. 2;

traces of mother-kin among the, v. 141 sq.;

their deity named Tark or Tarku, v. 147

Hkamies of North Aracan, their annual festival of the dead, vi. 61

Hkön, race of Upper Burma, virgins of the, married to the spirit of a lake, ii. 150 sq.

Hlubi chief, his external soul in a pair of ox-horns, xi. 156

Hlubies, the, of South-Eastern Africa, their rain-making, i. 249

Ho tribe of Togoland, their kings buried secretly, vi. 104.

See Hos

Hoare, Sir Richard Colt, on Hallowe'en in Wales, x. 239

Hobby-horse at Padstow, ii. 68;

to carry away spirit of smallpox, ix. 119

Hobley, C. W., on the belief of the Akikuyu in the fertilization of women by wild fig-trees, ii. 316;

on spiritual husbands among the Akamba, ii. 316 sq.

Hochofen, village of Bohemia, annual expulsion of witches on Walpurgis Night at, ix. 161 sq.

Hockey played as a ceremony, ix. 174

Hockey cart, the waggon on which the last corn is brought from the harvest vii. 147 n. 1

Hodgson, Adam, on Indian parallel to Jacob wrestling with the angel, viii. field, 264

Hodson, T. C., on mode of keeping count of years in Manipur, iv. 117 n. 1;

on taboos among the hill tribes of Assam, vii. 109 n. 2;

on annual eponyms in Manipur, ix. 39 sq.

Hodum Deo, images of, i. 284 n.

Hoeck, K., on the pursuit of Britomartis by Zeus, iv. 73 n. 1

Hoeing, rites at, vii. 96;

done by women, vii. 113 sq.

Hoensbroech, Count von, his mode of communion with the Deity, viii. 94

Hoes used by women in agriculture, vii. 114, 115, 116, 118, 119

Hofmayr, P. W., on the Supreme Being of the Shilluks, iv. 18 n. 1;

on the worship of Nyakang among the Shilluks, iv. 19 n. 3, vi. 164, 166

Hog-sucker in homoeopathic magic, i. 155

Hog's blood, purifying virtue of, i. 107.

See Pig

Hog's wort (Peucedanum leiocarpum, Nutt.) burnt as an offering to salmon, viii. 254

Hogarth, D. G., on relics of paganism at Paphos, v. 36;

on the Corycian [pg 308] cave, v. 155 n.;

on Roman remains at Tarsus, v. 172 n. 1

Hogg, Alexander, and Midsummer bonfires, x. 206 sq.

Hoggan, Frances, on cutting “the neck” at harvest in Pembrokeshire, vii. 267

Hogmanay, the last day of the year, Highland custom of beating a cow's hide on, viii. 323;

song in the Isle of Man, x. 224;

the “Burning of the Clavie” at Burghead on, x. 266

Hogs sacrificed to goddess of volcano, v. 218 sq.

See Pigs

Hohenstaufen Mountains in Wurtemberg, Midsummer fires in the, x. 166

Hole in tongue of medicine-man, xi. 238, 239

Holed flint a protection against witches, ix. 162

—— stone in magic, i. 313.

See also Holes

Holes in rocks or stones which sick people creep through as a cure, xi. 186 sqq.

Holi, a festival of Northern India, bonfires at, xi. 2 sq.

Holiness conceived as a dangerous virus, viii. 29;

or taboo conceived as a dangerous physical substance which needs to be insulated, x. 6 sq.

—— and pollution not differentiated by savages, iii. 224

Holland, belief as to cauls in, i. 199;

Whitsuntide customs in, ii. 80, 104;

story as to absence of soul from body in, iii. 39 n. 1;

“Killing the Hare” at harvest in, vii. 280;

Easter fires in, x. 145

Hollantide Eve (Hallowe'en) in the Isle of Man, x. 244

Hollertau, Bavaria, Easter fires in the, x. 122

Hollis, A. C., on a Masai custom as to the brewing of honey-wine, iii. 200 n. 3;

on serpent-worship among the Akikuyu, v. 67 sq.;

on serpent-worship among the Masai, v. 84;

on serpent-worship among the Nandi, v. 84 sq.;

on custom of manslayers among the Nandi, viii. 155;

on pretence of being born again at circumcision among the Akikuyu, xi. 262

Hollow things, homoeopathic magic of, i. 157 sq.

Holly-oaks in sacred grove of Dia, ii. 122

Holly-tree, children passed through a cleft, xi. 169 n. 2

Holm-oak or ilex, resemblance of its leaf to the laurel, iv. 81 sq.;

the Golden Bough growing on a, xi. 285

Holstein, the last sheaf called the Corn-mother in, vii. 133 sq.;

fox carried from house to house in spring in, vii. 297

Holy Apostles, church of the, at Florence, x. 126

—— Basil, worshipped in India, ii. 26

—— candles, i. 13

—— Ghost, alleged incarnation of the, i. 409;

regarded as female, iv. 5 n. 3

—— of Holies, the Fijian, xi. 244, 245

—— Innocents' Day, young people beat each other on, ix. 270, 271;

mock pope or bishop on, ix. 334, 336, 337, 338

—— Land, fire flints brought from the, x. 126

“—— men” in Syria, v. 77 sq.

—— Saturday, effigy of Queen of Lent beheaded on, iv. 244

—— Sepulchre, church of the, at Jerusalem, ceremony of the new fire in the, x. 128 sq.

—— water a charm against witchcraft, ii. 340;

sprinkling with, iii. 285 sq.;

a protection against witches, ix. 158, 164 sq.

Holyrood, Charles the First at, i. 368

Homer on the loves of Zeus and Hera, ii. 143;

kings called divine in, ii. 177;

on Demeter as goddess of the corn, vii. 41 sq.;

on loves of Zeus and Demeter, vii. 66;

on gods in likeness of foreigners, vii. 236

Homeric age, funeral games in the, iv. 93

—— Greeks cut out tongues of sacrificial victims, viii. 270

—— Hymn to Demeter, vii. 35 sqq., 70, 161 n. 4, 211 n. 3

Homesteads protected by bonfires against lightning and conflagration, x. 344

Homicide, banishment of, iv. 69 sq.

See Manslayers

Hommel, Professor F., on the Hittite deity Tarku, v. 147 n. 3

Homoeopathic or imitative magic, i. 52 sqq., iii. 151, 152, 207, 295, 298, iv. 283, 285, vii. 10, 62, 262, viii. 267, 272, 331, 333, 334, ix. 177, 232, 257, 404, x. 49, 133, xi. 177, 287;

for the making of rain, i. 247 sqq.;

of a flesh diet, viii. 138 sqq.

See also Magic

—— taboos, i. 116

Homogeneity of civilization in prehistoric times in Southern Europe and Western Asia, ix. 409

Homolje mountains in Servia, “living fire” in time of epidemic at the, ii. 237, x. 282

Honduras, Indians of, their superstition as to the bones of deer, viii. 241;

the nagual or external soul among the, xi. 213 sq., 226 n. 1

[pg 309]

Hone, W., on May-poles, ii. 70 sq.;

on “crying the neck,” vii. 264 sq.

Honey offered to the sun-god, i. 311

—— and milk offered to snakes, v. 85, viii. 288

Honey-cakes, sacred serpent fed with, iv. 86, v. 87

—— -wine, continence observed at brewing, iii. 200

Honorific totems of the Carrier Indians, xi. 273 sqq.

Honorius and Theodosius, decree of, ix. 392

Honour and good faith, the bonds of, strengthened by superstition, iii. 130

Hood Bay in New Guinea, custom observed after a death at, ix. 84

Hood, Thomas, on the water-fairy, iii. 94

Hoods worn by women after childbirth, x. 20;

worn by girls at puberty, x. 44 sq., 48 sq., 55;

worn by women at menstruation, x. 90.

See also Hats

Hook-thorn not to be cut while the corn is in the ground, ii. 49

Hooks used in magic, i. 132, 347;

to catch souls, iii. 30 sq., 51;

Indian custom of swinging on, iv. 278 sq.

Hoop, crawling through a, as a cure or preventive of disease, xi. 184;

of rowan-tree, sheep forced through a, xi. 184

Hoopoe brings the mythical springwort, xi. 70 n. 2

Hop-picking, treatment of strangers at, vii. 226

Hope of immortality, the Egyptian, centred in Osiris, vi. 15 sq., 90 sq., 114, 159

Hopi Indians, their fire-drill, ii. 208 sq.

Hopladamus, a giant, v. 157 n. 2

Hora and Quirinus, vi. 233

Horatius purified for the murder of his sister, xi. 194

Horkos, the Greek god of oaths, vi. 231 n. 5

Hornbeam, mistletoe on, xi. 315

Horne Island, South Pacific, blood of wounded friends smeared on their relatives in, iii. 245

Horned cap worn by priest or god, v. 123;

of Hittite god, v. 134

—— Dionysus, vii. 12, 16

—— god, Hittite and Greek, v. 123

—— lion on coins of Tarsus, v. 127

Hornkampe in Prussia, the last sheaf called the Old Woman at, vii. 137

Hornless ox in homoeopathic magic, i. 151

Horns, of goat hung on a sacred tree, ii. 42;

of sacrificial oxen, iv. 32, 33;

as a religious emblem, v. 34;

worn by gods, v. 163 sq.;

of a cow worn by Isis, vi. 50;

of straw worn to keep off demons, ix. 118;

of goat a protection against witches, ix. 162

Horns blown to expel demons, ix. 111, 117, 204, 214;

to ban witches, ix. 160, 161, 165, 166;

at Penzance on eve of May Day, ix. 163 sq.;

by maskers, ix. 243, 244

Horse, prohibition to see a, iii. 9;

prohibition to ride, iii. 13;

“seeing the Horse,” vii. 294;

“Cross of the Horse,” vii. 294;

“fatigue of the Horse,” vii. 294;

sacrificed to Mars in October for the sake of the crops, viii. 42 sqq., ix. 230;

ceremony of the, at rice-harvest among the Garos, viii. 337 sqq.;

sacrifice of, in Vedic times, ix. 122 n.;

beloved by Ishtar, ix. 371, 407 n. 2;

beloved by Semiramis, ix. 407 n. 2;

witch in the shape of a, x. 319.

See also Horses

——, black, in rain-charm, i. 290

—— or mare, last sheaf given to, vii. 141, 156, 158, 160, 161, 162, 294;

corn spirit as, vii. 202 sqq.

——, red, sacrificed as a purification of the land, ix. 213

——, sacred, in Celebes, i. 364;

sacrificed at Rome in October, ii. 229, 326

—— and Virbius, viii. 40 sqq.

——, the White, effigy carried through Midsummer fire, x. 203 sq.

Horse-chestnut, mistletoe on, xi. 315

Horse-headed Demeter of Phigalia, viii. 21, 338

—— -mackerel, descent of a totemic clan from a, iv. 129

—— -race of boys at Lhasa, ix. 221 n. 1

—— -races, at Whitsuntide in Germany, ii. 69;

in honour of the dead, iv. 97, 98, 99, 101, 103;

at fairs, iv. 99 sqq.;

at Eleusis, vii. 71;

at harvest, vii. 76, viii. 114

—— sacrifice in ancient India, xi. 80 n. 3

—— -shoes a protection against witches, ix. 162

Horse's flesh tabooed, among Zulus, i. 118

—— Fount at Troezen, i. 26, 27

—— head, in Roman sacrifice, viii. 42;

used to protect garden from caterpillars, viii. 43 n. 1;

in effigy at harvest festival, viii. 43 n. 1, 337 sq.;

thrown into Midsummer fire, xi. 40

—— tail cut off in sacrifice, viii. 42, 43

Horseman, charm to make a good, i. 152

Horses, Hippolytus killed by, i. 19 sq., iv. 214;

excluded from Arician grove, i. 20, viii. 40 sqq.;

dedicated by Hippolytus to Aesculapius, i. 21 n. 2, 27;

branded with mark of wolf, i. 27;

in relation to Diomede, i. 27;

sacrifice [pg 310] of white, i. 27;

sacrificed to the sun, i. 315 sq.;

Lycurgus, king of the Edonians, torn to pieces by, i. 366, vi. 98, vii. 24;

sacrificed to trees, ii. 16;

sacrificed to rivers, ii. 16 sq.;

sacrificed to water-spirits, ii. 157;

sanctity of white, ii. 174 n. 2;

sacrifices for, on St. George's Day, ii. 332, 336 sq.;

sacrificed and hung on trees of sacred grove, ii. 365;

left unclipped for a year after a king's consecration, iii. 260;

not to be called by their proper names, iii. 408, 413;

sacrificed for the use of the dead, v. 293 sq.;

excluded from sanctuaries, viii. 45 sq.;

used by sacred persons, x. 4 n. 1;

not to be touched or ridden by menstruous women, x. 88 sq., 96;

driven through the need-fire, x. 276, 297.

See also Horse

Horus, the eye of, i. 364, vi. 17, 121 with n. 3, viii. 30;

the soul of, in Orion, iv. 5;

the four sons of, in the likeness of hawks, vi. 22;

decapitates his mother Isis, vi. 88;

represented sacrificing a human victim to Osiris, vii. 260;

his eye injured by Typhon, viii. 30;

institutes the sacrifice of a pig, viii. 30;

the birth of, ix. 341

—— of Edfu identified with the sun, vi. 123

—— the elder, vi. 6

——, the golden, i. 418

—— the younger, son of Isis and the dead Osiris, vi. 8, 15;

accused by Set of being a bastard, vi. 17;

his combat with Set, vi. 17;

his eye destroyed by Set and restored by Thoth, vi. 17;

reigns over the Delta, vi. 17

Hos of Bengal offer first-fruits of rice to the sun-god, viii. 117;

their annual expulsion of demons at harvest, ix. 136 sq.

—— of Togoland (West Africa), a tribe of Ewe negroes, their customs as to twins, i. 265;

sanctity of the king's throne among the, i. 365;

their human gods, i. 396 sq.;

their ceremony at felling a palm for wine, ii. 19;

their god and goddess of lightning, ii. 370;

their priests with unshorn hair, iii. 259;

their magical use of knots to facilitate childbirth, iii. 295 sq.;

their use of knots in cursing, iii. 301 sq.;

tie strings round the sick as a cure, iii. 304;

their comparison of maize to a mother, vii. 130;

their miniature gardens dedicated to “guardian gods,” vii. 234;

their festival of the new yams, viii. 58 sqq.;

their offerings of new yams, viii. 115 sq.;

their annual expulsion of evils, ix. 134 sqq., 206 sq.;

their dread of menstruous women, x. 82

Hose, Dr. Charles, on ceremony of adoption in Sarawak, i. 75 n. 1;

on creeping through a cleft stick after a funeral, xi. 175 sq.

——, Dr. Charles and W. McDougall, on head-hunting in Borneo, v. 295 n. 1;

on the ngarong or secret helper of the Ibans, xi. 224 n. 1

Hosea on religious prostitution, v. 58;

on the Baalim, v. 75 n.;

on the prophet as a madman, v. 77

Hoshangábád, in Central India, custom as to the last corn cut at, vii. 222

Hospitality, bonds of, strengthened through superstition, iii. 130

Hosskirch, in Swabia, mode of predicting the weather for the year at, ix. 323

Hostages, clipped hair used as, iii. 272 sq.

Hostility of religion to magic in history, i. 226

Hot springs resorted to by women in order to obtain offspring, ii. 161;

worship of, v. 206 sqq.;

Hercules the patron of, v. 209 sqq.;

resorted to by childless women in Syria, v. 213 sqq.

—— water drunk as a charm, i. 129

Hother, Hodr, or Hod, the blind god, and Balder, x. 101 sqq., xi. 279 n. 4

Hottentot charm to make the wind drop, i. 320

—— hunters, their contagious magic of footprints, i. 212

—— prayers for cattle at cairns, ix. 29 sq.

—— priest never uses an iron knife, iii. 227

—— women, rules observed by, in the absence of their husbands, i. 120 sq.

Hottentots, seclusion and purification of hunters among the, iii. 220 sq.;

the mortal god of the, iv. 3;

their observation of the Pleiades, vii. 316 sq.;

throw stones or sticks on the graves of Heitsi-eibib, ix. 16;

drive their sheep through fire, xi. 11 sq.

Hounds protected against spirits of wild beasts killed in the chase, ii. 128.

See also Dogs

House, taboos observed after building a new, ii. 40;

ceremony at entering a new, iii. 63 sq.;

taboos on quitting the, iii. 122 sqq.;

destroyed after a death, iii. 286

House-building, homoeopathic magic of woods used in, i. 146;

custom as to shadows at, iii. 81, 89 sq.;

continence observed at, iii. 202

—— -communities of the Servians, x. 259 n. 1

—— -timber, homoeopathic magic of, i. 146;

tree-spirits propitiated in, ii. 39 sq.

[pg 311]

Housebreakers, charms employed by, to cause sleep, i. 148 sq.

Houses built with one story, reason for, iii. 253, 254;

fumigated as a protection against witches, ix. 158;

protected by bonfires against lightning and conflagration, x. 344;

made fast against witches on Midsummer Eve, xi. 73

“—— of the soul” in Isaiah, xi. 155 n. 3

Housman, Professor A. E., on the feast of the Nativity of the Virgin, x. 220 sq.

Houstry, in Caithness, need-fire at, x. 291 sq.

Hovas, the, of Madagascar, divinity of kings among, i. 397;

offer the first-fruits of the crop to the king, viii. 116

How, the civil king of Tonga, iii. 21

Howitt, A. W., as to extracted teeth of Australian aborigines, i. 176;

on contagious magic of footprints in Australia, i. 207 sq.;

on Australian magic, iii. 269;

on superstitions as to personal names among the Australian aborigines, iii. 320;

on Australian belief as to falling stars, iv. 64;

on seclusion of menstruous women in Australia, x. 78;

on killing a totem animal, xi. 220 n. 2;

on secrecy of totem names in Australia, xi. 225 n.;

on the drama of resurrection at initiation in Australia, xi. 235 sqq.

Howitt, Miss Mary E. B., her Folklore and Legends of some Victorian Tribes, xi. 226 n. 1

Howth, the western promontory of, Midsummer fire on, x. 204

Howth Castle, life-tree of the St. Lawrence family at, xi. 166

Hoyerswerda, district of Silesia, the “Old Man” at threshing in, vii. 149;

Walpurgis bonfires to keep off witches in the, ix. 163

Hsa Möng Hkam, a native state of Upper Burma, care for the butterfly spirit of the rice in, vii. 190

Huaca, Peruvian word for god, ii. 146

Huahine, one of the Tahitian Islands, xi. 11 n. 3;

offering of first-fruits in, viii. 132 sq.

Hubert, H., and M. Mauss, Messrs., on taboo as a negative magic, i. 111 n. 2

Huckle-bone of hare in cure, ix. 50 sq.

Huddler or Huttler, mummers at Carnival to promote the flax crop in the Tyrol, ix. 248

Hudel-running in the Tyrol, ix. 248

Hudson Bay, the Esquimaux of, iii. 207, 228, viii. 257;

the Chippeways of, x. 90

Hughes, Miss E. P., on the fire-walk in Japan, xi. 10 n. 1

Huichol Indians of Mexico, their use of magical images, i. 71;

taboos observed by them during the search for the sacred cactus, i. 123 sq.;

their homoeopathic charm to ensure skill in weaving, i. 154 sq.;

their rain-making by carrying water, i. 302;

their worship of water, ii. 156;

their chastity before hunting, iii. 197;

personify maize as a little girl, vii. 177;

their communion with a god by partaking of his effigy, viii. 93;

their transference of fatigue to heaps of stones, ix. 10

Huichol superstition as to the growth of corn, ix. 347 n. 3

Huilla, African kingdom, the king of, thought to make rain, i. 348

Huitzilopochtli, or Vitzilopochtli, a great Mexican god, viii. 95, ix. 300;

dough image of him made and eaten sacramentally, viii. 86 sqq., 90 sq.;

young man sacrificed in the character of, ix. 280 sq.;

temple of, ix. 287, 290, 297;

hall of, ix. 294

Huixtocihuatl, Mexican goddess of Salt, ix. 283;

woman annually sacrificed in the character of, ix. 283 sq.

Huligamma, Indian goddess, eunuchs dedicated to her, v. 271 n.

Human beings permanently possessed by deities, i. 386 sqq.;

torn to pieces in rites of Dionysus, vii. 24;

burnt in the fires, xi. 21 sqq.

—— divinities put to death, x. i. sq.

—— flesh, transformation into animal shape through eating, iv. 83 sq.

—— god and goddess, their enforced union, ix. 386 sq.

—— gods, i. 373 sqq., ii. 377 sqq.;

bound by many rules, iii. 419 sq.

—— immortality in relation to the immortality of animals, viii. 260 sqq.

—— Leopard Societies of West Africa, iv. 83

—— representatives of Attis, v. 285 sqq.;

of gods sacrificed in Mexico, ix. 275 sqq.

—— sacrifice, substitutes for, iv. 124, 214 sqq., v. 146 sq., 285, 289, vi. 99, 221, vii. 33 sq., 249;

successive mitigations of, ix. 396 sq., 408

—— sacrifices offered to man-gods, i. 386, 387;

to trees, ii. 15, 17;

offered on roofs of new houses, ii. 39;

at foundation of buildings, iii. 90 sq.;

at the cutting of a chief's hair, iii. 264;

at Upsala, iv. 58;

to renew the sun's fire, iv. 74 sq.;

in ancient Greece, iv. 161 sqq.;

mock, iv. 214 sqq.;

offered by ancestors of the European races, iv. 214;

in worship of the moon, v. 73;

to the Tauric Artemis, v. 115;

to Diomede at Salamis, v. 145;

offered at earthquakes, v. 201;

offered at irrigation channels, vi. 38;

of the kings of Ashantee and [pg 312] Dahomey, vi. 97 n. 7;

offered to Dionysus, vi. 98 sq.;

offered by the Mexicans for the maize, vi. 107;

at the graves of the kings of Uganda, vi. 168;

to dead kings, vi. 173;

to dead chiefs, vi. 191;

to prolong the life of kings, vi. 220 sq., 223 sqq.;

for crops, vii. 236 sqq.;

offered by ancient Egyptians, vii. 259 sq.;

at festival of new yams in Ashantee, viii. 62, 63;

in Mexico, viii. 88, ix. 275 sqq.;

at fire-festivals, ix. 300 sqq., x. 106;

in connexion with Cronus, ix. 353 sq.;

their influence on cosmogonical theories, ix. 409 sqq.;

traces of, x. 146, 148, 150 sqq., 186, xi. 31;

offered by the ancient Germans, xi. 28 n. 1;

among the Celts of Gaul, xi. 32 sq.;

the victims in the Celtic sacrifices perhaps witches and wizards, xi. 41 sqq.;

W. Mannhardt's theory of the Celtic sacrifices, xi. 43.

See also Human victims

Human scapegoats, ix. 38 sqq., 194 sqq., 210 sqq.;

in ancient Rome, ix. 229 sqq.;

in classical antiquity, ix. 229 sqq.;

in ancient Greece, ix. 252 sqq.;

reason for beating the, ix. 256 sq.

—— souls transmigrate into animals, viii. 285 sqq.

—— victims sacrificed to water-spirits, ii. 157 sqq.;

substitutes for, iv. 124, 214 sqq., v. 146 sq., 285, 289, vi. 99, 221, vii. 33 sq., 249;

thrown into volcanoes, v. 219 sq.;

uses made of their skins, v. 293;

as representatives of the corn-spirit, vi. 97, 106 sq.;

killed with hoes, spades, and rakes, vi. 99 n. 2;

treated as divine, vii. 250;

men clad in the skins of, ix. 265 sq., 294 sq., 296 sqq.;

sacrificed as representatives of gods, ix. 275 sqq.;

annually burnt, xi. 286 n. 2

Humbé, African kingdom, the king of, thought to make rain, i. 348;

incontinence of young people under puberty thought to entail the death of the king of, iii. 6

Humboldt, A. von, on the theocracy of the Chibchas or Muyscas, i. 416

Humman or Hommon, national god of the Elamites, ix. 366

Humphrey's Island. See Manahiki

Hundred and eight girls and cows in rain-making, i. 284

Hungarian story of the external soul, xi. 140

Hungary, continence at sowing in, ii. 105;

“Sawing the Old Woman” among the gypsies of, iv. 243;

the harvest cock in, vii. 277;

custom at threshing in, vii. 291;

woman fertilized by being struck with certain sticks in, ix. 264;

Midsummer fires in, x 178 sq.

Hungary, German, Whitsuntide Queen in, ii. 87

Hunger the root of the worship of Adonis, v. 231;

expulsion of, at Chaeronea, ix. 252

Hunt, Holman, his picture of the new fire at Jerusalem, x. 130 n.

Hunt, Robert, on burnt sacrifices in the West of England, x. 303

Hunter, the primitive, believes himself exposed to the vengeance of the ghosts of the animals which he has killed, viii. 208

Hunter River tribes of New South Wales, avoidance of the wife's mother among the, iii. 84

Hunters employ homoeopathic magic to ensure a catch, i. 109 sqq.;

homoeopathic taboos observed by hunters, their relations, and friends, i. 110 sq., 113, 114 sqq.;

absent, thought to be affected by the conduct of their families at home, i. 120 sqq.;

absent, injured by the infidelity of wives at home, i. 123;

employ contagious magic of footprints, i. 211 sq.;

chastity of, iii. 191 sqq.;

use knots as charms, iii. 306;

words tabooed by, iii. 396, 398, 399, 400, 402, 404, 410;

propitiation of wild animals by, viii. 204 sqq.;

of grisly bears, chastity observed by, viii. 226;

exorcize the guardian spirits of wild animals, ix. 98;

avoid girls at puberty, x. 44, 46;

luck of, spoiled by menstruous women, x. 87, 89, 90, 91, 94

—— and fishers tabooed, iii. 190 sqq.

Huntin, a tree-god of the Ewe people of the Slave Coast, ii. 15

Hunting and fishing, homoeopathic magic in, i. 108 sqq.;

telepathy in, i. 120 sqq.

—— the wren, viii. 317 sqq.

Hunting dogs crowned at Diana's festival, i. 14, ii. 125, 126