Volume 1 — APPENDIX G.

BOUNDARIES OF PROVINCES (DEFINED).

Bahr El Ghazal.

North.The southern frontier of Kordofan and thence westwards up the Bahr El Arab to the French frontier.

East.The western boundary of the Upper Nile Province between Lake No and N. lat. 5° 30′.

South.The frontier of the Lado Enclave and thence westwards along the Congo-Nile watershed.

West.The Congo-Nile watershed and the French frontier.

Berber.

North.The northern boundary of the Sudan from about E. long. 33° to the Red Sea.

East.From the point where the northern boundary touches the sea the line runs in a southerly direction to Kokreb, leaving the Hamedorab, Shantirab, and other Bisharin tribes to Berber and the Amarar to Suakin.

From Kokreb, on the Suakin-Berber road, nearly due south to Tendera well (Kassala), leaving Talgwarab and Mib to Suakin, thence to J. Ayob and Mitateb on the right bank of the Atbara.

South.From Meshra Kelitawi on the left bank of the Atbara the line runs south-west to J. El Beida, thence north of El Farukh, through El Ashanik, south of Um Masarin (Asherin (?)), north of El Abala, and the wells of Shag El Walia, across Wadi El Basai, north of El Geleita to Wadi Faragalla, dividing the cultivation of the Morghamab and Bisharin from that of the Shukria. From Wadi Faragalla, dividing the cultivation of the Morghamab (Berber) and Batahin (Blue Nile Province) in the Wadi Shahaheit, to Hafir Wad Um Berwa in the Wadi Sideira. Thence to Hafir El Babunotat and Isna Bir. Thence according to the well-known boundaries of the Jaalin (Berber) and Batahin (Blue Nile Province) to Hafir Giriaa (Magarin). Thence the boundary skirts the land of the Jaalin (Nafaab) in the W. Adeik, and runs northwards round the cultivation of the Batahin in the Wadi Hawad, thence to Hafir Giriaa of Debbaghat and south of Id Gerasa. From here the line divides the cultivation of the Ababda (Berber) from the Batahin (Blue Nile Province), the boundary passing through the following hafirs and hills to Hagar El Asal on the Nile, viz.: Dunieib, Kadabona, Shueir, Salmaniat, Um Serya, El Surat, Geiliat, Wad Kambelawi, J. Ganatir; it crosses the S.G.R. at mile post 515.

From Hagar El Asal the line crosses the Nile to Meshra Lemeki, thence to J. Rueis to the eastern boundary of Dongola, the Hassania belonging to Berber and the Hawawir to Dongola.

West.On the west the boundary is formed by the eastern boundaries of Halfa and Dongola Provinces, the whole of the Bisharin of the Atbai belonging to Berber.

Dongola.

North.The northern boundary is the southern boundary of Halfa Province as far as its junction with the Berber boundary at a point due north of Berti.

East.The eastern boundary runs due south to Berti on the Nile, thence southwards to Sani well (Dongola) and Jakdul (Berber), thence south-east to Gambar well, leaving the Sauarab and Hawawir to Dongola, the Monasir, and the Hassania to Berber, and the Geriat tribe and Gabra wells to Khartoum.

South.From Gambar to Hobagi and thence due west to the eastern frontier of Dongola.

West.The western boundary includes the Arbain road from Lagia wells (Halfa) to the northern frontier of Darfur.

Gezira[257] (Blue Nile).

North.The northern boundary is the southern boundary of the Berber Province from Hafirs Kambelawi and Wad Edeid El Sid to Wadi Faragalla.

East.From Wadi Faragalla to Ein El Lueiga on the Rahad the boundary is the same as that detailed as the western boundary of Kassala. From Ein El Lueiga down the thalweg of the Rahad to Abu Haraz, thence down the thalweg of the Blue Nile to a point 2 miles south of Fadasi Amarab on the left bank.

South.From this spot in a westerly direction, including Talha, Fares, Wad Kerar, Telub, Um Dueina, Zahara, to Kremet El Mogharba; then in southerly direction west of the villages Wad Haleo and Abu Dign; then south-east, between Barh El Din and Gebelia; then south, leaving Teleih on the west and Um Hamra and El Homr on the east; then south-south-west to J. Atshan.

West.The eastern boundary of Khartoum Province from Hafir Kambelawi to Soba, thence to a point half-way to Meshra Abadam on the White Nile. Thence the boundary runs to J. Atshan as detailed in eastern boundary of White Nile Province.

Halfa.

North.Faras is the northern boundary on the Nile; on the left bank the boundary includes the oasis of Sheb, Nakhia, etc., and on the right bank runs due east along the 22nd parallel until it meets the 33rd meridian.

East.From the eastern extremity of the northern boundary the line runs due south to Murrat wells leaving the desert tribes to Berber, thence in a south-west direction across the railway, a few miles north of No. 6 Station, to Abu Fatma on the right bank of the Nile.

South.From Abu Fatma the southern boundary runs westwards to Lagia which belongs to Halfa.

West.The western boundary includes the oasis of Lagia, Selima, and Sheb on the Arbain road.

Kassala.

North.The southern boundary of Suakin Province.

East.The Sudan-Eritrea frontier from the junction of K. Ambakta and K. Baraka to R. Setit opposite the junction of Khor Royan; thence the Sudan-Abyssinia frontier to J. Madbara (south of Gallabat).

South.From J. Madbara along the Abyssinian frontier to the R. Rahad, thence down the thalweg of that river to Ein El Lueiga.

West.The eastern boundary of Berber Province from Tendera (Kassala) to Mitateb (Kassala) and thence viâ J. Kelitawi to Wadi Faragalla. From this point southwards to J. Daein, leaving Geili (Blue Nile Province) to the west, and thence to Hafir Sueih, J. Nasub, J. Arafi, J. Geriya to Ein El Lueiga (Kassala) on the Rahad.

Khartoum.

North.The southern boundary of Berber from the Wadi Mogaddam (W. El Melh)[258] viâ J. Rueis to Hagar El Asal.

East.From Hagar El Asal the boundary runs to mile post 515 on the railway, thence through J. Ganatir to the Hafirs of Kambelawi and Wad Edeid El Sid, 35 miles east of the Nile, thence south to Jebel Dura, and thence to Soba on the Blue Nile, thence straight across the Gezira to Meshra Abadam on the White Nile.

South.Meshra Abadam to J. Medaha to Fatasha well (Khartoum).

West.From junction of W. El Melh with W. Mogaddam; leaving the whole of the Geriat tribe and Gabra wells to Khartoum, the boundary runs south to J. El Sufar, thence to Fatasha.

Kordofan.

North.The southern frontier of Dongola.

East.The western frontier of Khartoum, White Nile, and Upper Nile Provinces. The Selim Baggara, who live on left bank near Jebelein and further south, belong to the Upper Nile Province. From the south of Dar El Ahamda (White Nile Province) the boundary includes the Aulad Hemeid tribe and runs to Fungor (Kordofan), thence to Lake No.

South.From Lake No up the Thalweg of the Bahr El Ghazal and roughly westwards along the 9° parallel. Sultan Rob and Dar Jange belonging to Kordofan.

West.The western boundary is the eastern frontier of Darfur, which leaves Um Badr and Foga to Kordofan and Kaja Serrug to Darfur, thence in a south-westerly direction to Dam Jamad, thence southwards, leaving Zernak, Um Bahr, Tom Wad Zarag, Gad El Habub and Sherafa to Kordofan. Thence southwards to the Bahr El Arab, leaving the Maalia and Rizeigat to Darfur, and the Homr and Dar Jange to Kordofan.

Sennar.[259]

North.The boundary of the Gezira (Blue Nile) Province from Ein El Lueiga to a point on the left bank of the Blue Nile two miles south of Fadasi Amarab.

East.The thalweg of the Rahad from Ein El Lueiga to the Abyssinian frontier, thence the Abyssinian frontier to the K. Yabus south of Kirin.

South.Not settled, but roughly the parallel 10° N. Lat.

West.The southern boundary of the Gezira (Blue Nile) Province, from Fadasi Amarab to J. Atshan, and thence southwards, leaving the Segadi-Moya-Gule road to Sennar, to Jebel Gerauid, and thence to about the intersection of 33° E. Long. with 10° N. Lat.

Suakin.

North.The northern portion of the eastern boundary of Berber Province.

East.The Red Sea.

South.The Eritrean frontier from Ras Kasar to the junction of the Ambakta and Baraka Khors, thence down the Khor Baraka to the junction of the Khor Langeb, thence up the Khor Langeb to the junction of the Khor Dageint, thence to Bir Tihamrori in Khor Derudeb, thence to Bir Tendera (Kassala).

West.The eastern boundary of Berber Province.

Upper Nile.

North.Jebelein.

East.The western and southern boundary of Sennar, thence the Abyssinian frontier to Uganda (5° N. Lat.)

South.N. parallel 5°.

West.The eastern frontier of Kordofan from Jebelein to Lake No, thence the left bank of the Bahr El Jebel to N. Lat. 5° 30′, including the Aliab and western Baris. Shambe and its immediate vicinity belongs to the Bahr El Ghazal Province.

White Nile Province.

North.From Meshra Abadam on the White Nile (13 miles south of Khartoum) to a point about half-way between it and Soba on the Blue Nile.

East.From the abovementioned point, the eastern boundary runs in a S.S.W. direction, leaving El Sid Wad Isa, Wad El Eiselat, El Sideira, Mahareiba, Um Seneita and Salim to the east (i.e. to Blue Nile Province), thence westwards round N. end of Goz El Naga (Blue Nile Province) and southwards, leaving Abdel Majid, Hashaba, Hemedana and Faki Medawi to the west (i.e. to White Nile Province), thence westwards round N. of Tahamid (Blue Nile Province) and S.E. round N. of the Um Shadida (White Nile Province), west of Id Nibeihi (Blue Nile Province), and east of Baashiin and Ghefeil (White Nile Province). Thence due S.W. of Deshanat and Gemeil (Blue Nile Province) and east of Jebels El Duhum, Atshan, Gelata Gedad, and Byut (White Nile Province) to J. Mir, thence to the White Nile at Jebelein.

South.Jebelein on the right bank of the White Nile, and on the left bank the southern boundary of Dar El Ahamda, the Selim Baggara Arabs belonging to the Upper Nile Province.

West.From a point on the left bank of the White Nile opposite Meshra Abadam, the western boundary runs in a southerly direction west of J. Adara, east of J. Mandara, 7 miles E. of J. Menuk to Id Fatma (White Nile Province). Thence leaving El Lithi to the west, it includes the whole of Shageig hamlets and cultivation (White Nile Province), and runs south to Fulo Um Sunta (White Nile Province), 12 miles west of Id El Ud. From here line runs southwards, west of Bachi, Shat, and Zereiga, thence towards J. Kon, leaving Gowama and Baza villages to Kordofan and the Busata district and Beni Jerar tribe to White Nile Province. Thence to Um Kueika (White Nile Province), the whole of the Gimma and Mesellemia belonging to White Nile Province, and the whole of Gowama to Kordofan. From Um Kueika the line runs S.S.E. to about the intersection of N. Lat. 12° and E. Long. 32°, and thence due east to the White Nile, the whole of Dar El Ahamda belonging to White Nile Province, and the Selim Baggara to Upper Nile Province.

N.B.—The Shanabla and Kawahla who cultivate east of the frontier specified above belong to White Nile Province for purposes of “ushr” taxation.