Chapter IV · THE MINOR VARIETIES OF PLUMS (continued 4)

Mudson. Angustifolia varians? 1. Ga. Hort. Soc. Cat. 13. 1905.

A productive variety recommended for family use by the Georgia Horticultural Society; fruit yellowish-red, juicy; clingstone; very early.

Mulberry. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 282. 1845. 2. Mag. Hort. 13:530. 1847. 3. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 332. 1849.

Originated in the garden of Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York. Tree moderately vigorous; fruit large, oval, strongly necked, pale with a few crimson spots; dots white; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, melting, juicy, rich, sugary; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Muldraugh. Americana. 1. Am. Jour. Hort. 5:146. 1869.

Muldraugh’s-hill Plum 1.

Found growing wild on Muldraugh’s Hill, Harden County, Kentucky. Tree vigorous, large, unproductive; the clusters of flowers which appear before the leaves are mostly staminate; fruit large, light red.

Mule. Munsoniana × Prunus persica. 1. Kerr Cat. 18. 1899. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 219. 1901.

A hybrid produced by J. W. Kerr from seed of Wild Goose plum pollinated by the Troth Early peach; introduced by the originator in 1896. Tree resembles the plum; foliage very much like that of the peach; worthless, inasmuch as the buds do not open and contain only deformed anthers and no pistil.

Muncy. Americana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:80. 1892. 2. Kerr Cat. 1894. 3. Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul. 12:103. 1910.

Muncey 3.

Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size; dull red; clingstone; mid-season.

Munson. Angustifolia varians. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:80. 1892. 2. Tex. Sta. Bul. 32:479. 1894. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 38. 1899. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 197. 1910.

Originated under cultivation by G. Onderdonk, Victoria, Texas; introduced by the originator in 1888. Tree not hardy as far north as Ames, Iowa; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity shallow; stem slender; suture a line; bright red; bloom thin; dots many; skin thin; flesh yellow, soft; quality fair; stone oval, flattened, clinging; early.

Murdy. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 169:247. 1899. 2. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:256, 257. 1905.

The Murdy as tested by the Ohio Experiment Station is considered identical with the Pond, but as tested at the Michigan Experiment Station, it ripens two weeks later, has a deeper cavity, finer texture and lighter colored spots on its skin.

Muscat Free. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 118:52. 1895. 2. Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul. 27:15. 1904.

Evidently a strain of the Italian Prune; imported from Hungary in 1894 by the Department of Agriculture and tested at the Michigan Experiment Station. Tree low, spreading, slow-growing; fruit of medium size, long-oval, flattened on one side; suture broad, distinct; black with thick bloom; flesh greenish-yellow, moderately firm, juicy; very good; freestone; not as sweet as Italian Prune and a week later.

Muscle. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576, 577 fig. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 207. 1676. 3. Ray Hist. Plant. 1529. 1688. 4. Prince Pom. Man. 2:105. 1832. 5. Watkins Cat.

Red Mussell 1. Black Muscle 4. Black Mussell 1. Mussel 4. Mussell 5. Mussell Plum 1. Red Muscle 2, 3. White Mussell 1.

Of very early European origin, once considered of value but now only used as a stock; the old writers described both a red and a black form. Fruit small, oval, dark red; flesh not juicy; poor; stone large.

Musk Damson. Insititia? 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68, 70. 1699. 2. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:74. 1768. 3. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:33, Tab. 180 fig. 2. 1796. 4. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:495. 1860. 5. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 933. 1869. 6. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 425. 1889.

Christ’s Damascene 6. Damas Fin 6. Damas Musque 2, 3, 4. Damas Musque 5, 6. Damasquinée 6. De Chypre 5. Die musquat Damaskuspflaume 3. Feine Damascene 6. Musk Damask 6. Musk’d Damask 1. Muskierte Damascene 6. Musque de Malta ?5, 6. Prune de Chypre 2, 5, 6. Prune de Malte 2, 6. Prune de Malthe 5. Schwarze Muskateller Pflaume 6. Späte Schwarze Damascene 6. Suisina Grossella Piccola 6.

Noisette suggests Damascus, Syria, as the probable place of origin of Musk Damson. Fruit small, roundish; suture distinct; cavity small; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, musky; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Musk Perdrigon. Domestica. 1. Langley Pomona 92, Pl. 23 fig. 3. 1729.

Fruit nearly black, with a bloom; freestone; early.

Mussey. Americana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:40. 1892.

Found wild in Kansas; introduced by Abner Allen. Fruit large, roundish-oblong, yellow, mottled with red; flesh firm, good; semi-clinging; very late.

Nagate-Maru. Triflora. 1. Va. Sta. Bul. 129:114. 1901. 2. Ga. Hort. Soc. Cat. 13. 1904. 3. Ga. Sta. Bul. 68:13 fig., 31. 1905.

Nagatus maru 2. Nagats-Maru 2.

Resembles Abundance but is three weeks later. Fruit large, oblate-conical, red over yellow; dots numerous; flesh yellow, firm; good.

Naples. Domestica. 1. Wild Bros. Cat. 26. 1892. 2. W. & T. Smith Nur. Cat. 24. 1897. 3. Storrs & Harrison Cat. 138. 1893-98.

Beauty of Naples 1, 2, 3.

Naples as catalogued by nurserymen is of the Yellow Egg type although Lyon[228] and Thomas[229] knew a purple variety of this name. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity small; skin thin, tender; golden yellow mottled with red in the sun; bloom thin; flesh light yellow, firm, sweet, mild; good; stone oval, rough, clinging; late.

Native Red. Species? 1. Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt. 87. 1896.

Received by the Fruit Growers’ Association of Ontario from W. N. Snelling of Ottawa. A very attractive bright red plum of medium size.

Nebraska. Hortulana mineri. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 174. 1901. 3. Ga. Sta. Bul. 67:278. 1904.

Tree spreading, vigorous, short-lived, productive; fruit medium in size, roundish-oval; cavity shallow; red with numerous yellow dots; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow, juicy, melting; fair to good; stone medium in size, oval, clinging; late.

Nebraska Seedling. Species? 1. Country Gent. 26:238. 1865.

Reported in 1865 by R. O. Thompson of Nebraska as a freestone plum of great excellence; trees very productive and free from curculio.

Nebraska Wonder. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:281. 1900.

Found wild in 1892 by A. Webster, Golden, Burt County, Nebraska; introduced by H. P. Sayles, Ames, Iowa, in 1897. Tree dwarf, spreading, prolific, bears early; fruit large, round, slight yellow tinge, mottled red when over-ripe, without astringency when fully ripe; ships well; early.

Neils. Species? 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:54. 1900.

Under test at the Canadian Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia.

Nellie. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:49. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 158. 1901.

Nelly 1, 2.

Fruit large, oblate; suture faint; stem medium; yellow blushed with pink; flesh firm, yellow; good; stone of medium size, round, semi-clinging; medium to late.

Nellie Blanche. Americana. 1. Terry Cat. 1900. 2. Rural N. Y. 65:726 fig., 730. 1906. 3. Ia. Sta. Bul. 114:141. 1910.

Blanche 3.

Grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; fruited first in 1897. Tree vigorous, upright, productive, bears early; fruit large, oblong; stem medium, set in a small cavity; skin thick; yellow mottled with red; flesh meaty, very sweet and rich; good; stone large, clinging; mid-season.

Nelson. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 150. 1831. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 373. 1866. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:55. 1873. 4. W. N. Y. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 21:20. 1876.

Knevett’s Late Orleans 2, 3. Monsieur tardif de Knevett 3. Nelson’s Victory 1, 2, 4. Nelson’s Victory 3. Victoire de Nelson 3.

An old variety renamed in honor of the famous English admiral. Fruit of medium size, round, deep purple; flesh sweet and pleasant; freestone; mid-season; suitable for culinary purposes.

Never Fail. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:281. 1900.

Purchased of an Eastern nurseryman for Wolf but proved not true to name; introduced by J. S. Haag, Hosper, Iowa. Tree vigorous, slightly spreading; fruit large, round, red; good; ripe with De Soto.

New American. Americana. 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 26:14. 1891. 2. Ibid. 93:26. 1905.

Of no value in South Dakota because of its lateness.

New Goderich. Domestica. 1. Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt. 4:66, 102, 110. 1897.

Thought to be a seedling of Lombard. Tree vigorous, spreading, hardy, productive; fruit medium to large, round; stem short, inserted in a shallow cavity; suture distinct; brownish-red with heavy bloom; flesh yellow, coarse; quality poor.

New Green Gage. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831.

Mentioned; probably obsolete.

New Large Bullace. Insititia? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 433. 1889.

Grosse Prunelle Nouvelle. New Large Bullace.

Newton. Americana. 1. Munson Cat. 8. 1894. 2. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:256, 257. 1905. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 23. 1905.

Received by T. V. Munson from Theodore Young of Wichita Falls, Kansas. Munson says this variety is distinct from Newtown Egg. Tree vigorous, healthy, productive; fruit large, oblong, irregular; stem short and stout, set in a small cavity; suture indistinct; dull red; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; freestone; late.

Newtown Egg. Americana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:40. 1892. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 153. 1901.

Newton Egg 2.

Originated with Charles Luedloff, Carver, Minnesota. Tree open, straggling, productive; fruit medium to large, oblong-oval, purplish-red over yellow, thickly sprinkled with many yellow dots; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone long, nearly flat, smooth, semi-clinging; mid-season.

New Wine Sour. Domestica. Listed in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 154. 1831.

Nienburger Egg Plum. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:183. 1873. 2. Koch Deut. Obst. 570. 1876. 3. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 408. 1881. 4. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 548. 1901.

Niemburg Egg 4. Nienburger Eierpflaume 1. Nienburger Eierpflaume 3. Oeuf de Nienburg 1.

Found in the garden of a priest at Nienburg, Hanover, Germany, by M. Oberdieck. Tree vigorous, an early and abundant bearer; fruit large, obovate; suture broad and deep; dark brownish-red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; stone small, free; mid-season. Good for dessert and drying.

Nikitaer Blaue Fruhzwetsche. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889. Bal Erik. Blauer Spilling. Gus Erik.

Nikitaer Dattelzwetsche. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 444. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889.

Bardak Erik 2.

Mentioned as unproductive in dry soil at Jeinsen, Germany.

Nikitaer Hahnenpflaume. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889.

Hahnenhode. Nikitaner Hahnenhode. Rognon-de-Coq de Nikita.

Nikko. Species? 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:18. 1898.

Originated by Burbank and introduced in 1898; parentage unknown. Said to be “a good, dark red, red-fleshed, conical plum.”

Nimon. Hortulana × Munsoniana. 1. Munson Cat. 7. 1896. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 181. 1901. 3. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 167. 1905.

A seedling of Wayland pollinated by Wild Goose; from T. V. Munson, Denison, Texas. Tree moderately hardy, vigorous; fruit medium in size, ovate; cavity shallow; crimson; dots numerous, white; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, sweet; good; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

Noire Americaine. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889.

Noire de Montreuil. Domestica. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:68. 1768. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:92. 1832. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 714. 1884. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 437. 1889.

Bieler Pflaume 4. Damas Noir Hâtif 4. Early Large Black 1. Frühe Schwarze Pflaume 4. Frühe Grosse Schwarze Pflaume 4. Grosse Früh Pflaume 4. Grosse noir de Montreuil 2. Grosse noire hâtive 2, 3, 4. Grosse Noire hâtive 1. Large Early Montreuil 2. Johannispflaume 4. Large early black 2. La Madeleine 3. Morocco Pflaume (of some) 4. Montreuil 2. Noire de Montreuil 1, 2, 4. Prune de Saint-Jean 4. Saint-Jean 4. Waran Erik 4.

According to Duhamel, this name is used for two varieties. One is of medium size, elongated, purplish-black, strongly resembling Gros Damas de Tours; flesh firm, yellowish with a rather agreeable flavor; nearly freestone; early. The other is large, round, of the same color as the first, but its season is later and its flesh is coarse and insipid. For historical notes see Précoce de Tours.

Nolan. Munsoniana. 1. Am. Jour. Hort. 5:148. 1869.

Probably a seedling of Wild Goose which it resembles very closely.

Nolton Ungarische. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889.

Reference found by Mathieu in Monatsschrift für Pomologie 9. 1861.

Nome. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

From H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Tree vigorous; fruit large, round, red over yellow; good.

Nona. Triflora? × Munsoniana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:226. 1899. 2. Ibid. 14:274, 277. 1901. 3. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:252. 1905.

Originated with D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas; introduced by W. A. Yates, 1897. Tree healthy, upright; foliage healthy, abundant; fruit medium to large, oval; cavity abrupt; stem short; suture obscure; apex slightly pointed; dark red, obscurely striped; dots numerous, small, yellow; bloom light; skin thick, somewhat astringent; flesh yellow mottled with red, fibrous, juicy; good; stone medium, roundish-oval, flattened, clinging; early.

Norbert. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 373. 1866. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:73. 1873. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889. 4. Guide Prat. 161, 360. 1895.

De Prince 4. Lepine 3 and 4 incor. Norbert 3. Norbert’s Pflaume 3. Prune de Lepine 1, 3. Prune de Prince 1, 3. Schwarze Mirabelle 3.

Found wild in the woods of Halanzy, Luxembourg, France. Mas distinguishes Prune de Lepine as a separate variety. Fruit very small, round; suture obscure; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, sweet; stone small, free. Useful for drying.

Norby. Americana. 1. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 2:298. 1903.

Originated with A. Norby, Madison, South Dakota; No. 13 of his seedlings. Fruit large, roundish; sides unequal; dark red; stone round, flat; mid-season.

Norby No. 1. Americana. 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:28. 1905.

Originated with A. Norby, Madison, South Dakota. Under test at the South Dakota Experiment Station. The variety bears large, fine fruit of good quality; mid-season.

Norby No. 11. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:283. 1900. 2. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:28. 1905.

No. 11 1.

Another of A. Norby’s seedlings; grown from seed of selected varieties in 1895. Reported by the South Dakota Experiment Station to be worthy of propagation. Tree upright, hardy, productive; fruit above medium size, oval to roundish-oblong; rich yellow overspread with red; bloom thin; dots small, white, numerous; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone long, oval, nearly free; early.

Norman. Munsoniana? 1. Gard. Mon. 20:177. 1878.

Mentioned by W. S. Carpenter of Rye, New York, in 1878 as an improved variety of the “Chicasaw” group.

Normand Perdrigon. Domestica. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:87. 1768. 2. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:30, Tab. 177 fig. 1. 1796. 3. Prince Pom. Man. 2:65. 1832. 4. Poiteau Pom. Franc. 1. 1846. 5. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 441. 1889.

Der blaue Rebhuhn aus der Normandie 2. Normannischer Perdrigon 5. Norman Perdrigon 5. Norman Perdrigon 3. Perdrigon de Normandie 5. Perdrigon Normand 1. Perdrigon Normand 2, 3, 5. Prune Perdrigon Normand 4, 5. Prunus neustriensis 4. Schwarzer Perdrigon 5.

A very good French variety. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture shallow; cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, melting, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Normand’s Seedlings. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 175:151. 1899.

J. L. Normand,[230] Marksville, Louisiana, disseminated twenty hybrid seedlings, numbered from one to twenty, which were selected from over 30,000 seedlings; most of these are crosses between Triflora and selected native sorts.

Normand No. 5. See Alabama.

Normand No. 11. Triflora ×?

Fruit above medium size, oval to oblong-conic; apex pointed; stem medium, set in a small cavity; yellow overspread with bright red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, aromatic, sweet, good; stone long and narrow, clinging; late. Drops before ripe.

Normand No. 12. Triflora ×?

Inferior to No. 11 in color, flesh-characters and keeping quality. Drops before ripe and has a tendency to crack.

Normand No. 15. See Louisiana.

Normand No. 16. Triflora ×?

Fruit resembles No. 12; greenish-white with red blush; flesh pale yellow, soft, juicy, bitter; clingstone; drops before fully ripe.

Normand No. 17. Triflora ×?

Fruit the size of Burbank, somewhat similar in shape but less pointed, greenish-yellow thinly covered with dark red, spattered with dots and broken lines of paler color; flesh greenish, tinged with yellow, very juicy, somewhat acid; poor; clingstone; drops before ripe.

Normand No. 18. Triflora ×?

Equal to No. 11 in size but inferior in quality; keeps and ships well.

Normand No. 19. Triflora ×?

Fruit about the size of Wild Goose, but not as regular in form; color and bloom much the same as that variety; flesh of the same color but firmer and of better quality than Wild Goose; stone medium, clinging; late.

Normand No. 20. See Georgia.

North. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 934. 1869. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:143. 1873.

North’s Seedling 1.

Raised by Professor North, Clinton, New York. Tree vigorous, bears early, productive; fruit large, roundish-oval; suture broad and shallow; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, melting, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; early.

North Carolina. Hortulana mineri. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:50. 1897. 3. Kerr Cat. 1897.

N. C. Seedling 1. North Carolina Seedling 2, 3.

J. W. Kerr says this variety is subject to twig-blight; reported of value in Iowa; fruit large, deep red.

North Star. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:50. 1897. 2. Ibid. 87:14. 1901.

Originated with Martin Penning, Sleepy Eye, Minnesota, from seed of Surprise; resembles its parent very closely. Tree hardy, dwarfish; fruit large, juicy, sweet; clinging; mid-season.

Nota Bene. Domestica. 1. Kenrick Am. Orch. 257. 1832. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 293. 1845. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 425. 1889.

Corse’s Nota Bena 1. Corse’s Nota Bene 2, 3. Nota Bene de Corse 3.

One of the best of the seedlings raised by Henry Corse, Esq., Montreal, Canada. Tree very vigorous, productive and hardy, short-lived; fruit large, round, pale brown sometimes shading to green; flesh greenish, firm, juicy, sweet and rich; good; freestone.

November Gage. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 6:92. 1840.

Raised by Henry Corse of Montreal and distributed at the same time as his Nota Bene.

Noyes. Americana? 1. Kerr Cat. 1897. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:283. 1900. 3. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:14. 1901.

Noyes’ Seedling 1. Noyes Seedling 2.

Originated with a Mrs. Noyes, Springville, Iowa, about 1881, from pits purchased for California plums; introduced by a Mr. Osborn about 1888. Craig places Noyes in Prunus hortulana and Waugh, while classifying it with the Americanas, suggests that it is Hortulana mineri. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish to oblong; apex sometimes flattened or depressed; cavity shallow; suture distinct; skin thick, tough, rather acid; yellow nearly overspread with red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh tinged with red, melting, rich and sweet; good; stone large, clinging; early to mid-season.

Nutmeg. Insititia. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 209. 1676.

Fruit the shape of a nutmeg, no larger than a Damson, greenish-yellow; good; late; obsolete.

Oakley Park Wild. Species? Listed in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 150. 1831.

Oatey. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894.

In answer to an inquiry Kerr states that “The Oatey is above medium to large, dull purplish-red when fully matured; clinging. Tree does not succeed here.”

Oberdieck Gestreifte Eierpflaume. Domestica? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 442. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 157, 360. 1895.

Introduced into France by M. Oberdieck, the German pomologist. Fruit large, long-oval, yellow blushed with red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; early.

Oberley. Domestica. 1. Gard. Mon. 2:120. 1860. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 934. 1869. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:131. 1873.

Oberley’s Greenwood 2. Oberley’s Greenwood 1.

Originated in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, on the farm of a Mr. Oberley. Tree thrifty, very productive; fruit medium in size, round; suture distinct; skin amber, but nearly covered with rosy red; bloom thin; flesh juicy; quality fair; clingstone.

October. Domestica. 1. Can. Hort. 20:454 fig. 1257. 1897.

Sent to the office of the Canadian Horticulturist by A. M. Smith of St. Catherines. Fruit medium in size, roundish; skin thin, dark purple; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, rich, sweet and very agreeable.

Oddy. Domestica. Listed in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 150. 1831.

Oddy’s.

Odegard. Nigra. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:50. 1897. 2. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 411. 1899. 3. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:28, 49 fig. 1905.

Odegaard 2.

Originated about 1888 near Brookings, South Dakota; found among a lot of seedlings grown from wild plum pits sent from Minnesota; bought by H. T. Odegard of Brookings; introduced by A. Norby of Madison, South Dakota. Tree very productive, hardy and vigorous; foliage large; fruit large, oblong; suture very shallow from basin to apex; dark red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; early.

Odell. Domestica. 1. Col., O., Hort. Soc. Rpt. 31. 1892. 2. Ohio Sta. Bul. 113:160. 1899. 3. Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul. 30:119. 1905.

According to the introducers, Augustine and Company, Normal, Illinois, this variety was found as a seedling growing in a fence corner at Odell, Illinois; introduced about 1890. Resembles and may be identical with Lombard; ripens at the same time.

Ogeechee. Angustifolia varians. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:64. 1892.

Found wild in Georgia; introduced by G. Bourquin. Fruit of medium size, round, red; clingstone; early.

Oglesby. Species? 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 135. 1903. 2. Ibid. 424. 1905.

Reported by H. T. Thompson of Marengo, Illinois, as a small, handsome red plum; freestone; very late.

Ohio. Munsoniana. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 154. 1883. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 187. 1901. 3. Ga. Sta. Bul. 67:279. 1904.

Ohio Prolific 2. Ohio Prolific 1, 3.

Tree vigorous, productive, irregular in growth; foliage dense; fruit medium in size, roundish, yellow overspread with bright red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, melting; fair in quality; clingstone; mid-season.

Okaw. Species? Noted in Bailey Ann. Hort. 175. 1890.

Oku Botan. Triflora. 1. Va. Sta. Bul. 129:114. 1901.

A variety sent out by the United States Department of Agriculture.

Old Gold. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:14. 1901. 3. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:30. 1905.

Introduced by C. W. H. Heideman of Minnesota. Tree hardy, productive, subject to shot-hole fungus; fruit medium in size, round to slightly oblong; cavity shallow; stem slender; clear yellow with a dark red blush; dots small; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone roundish-oval, smooth, clinging; mid-season.

Olive. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 578. 1629.

Noted by Parkinson as “shrubby; fruit like an olive in color and size; very good; late.”

Ollie. Hortulana × Munsoniana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:226. 1899.

Grown by A. L. Bruce, Basin Springs, Texas; from seed of Wayland crossed with Wild Goose. Fruit medium, oval; cavity shallow; suture obscure; dark red; flesh yellow with some red; stone medium, round, flattened, clinging.

Olson. Species? 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:30. 1905.

Found on the Vermilion River, near Vermilion, South Dakota. Tree productive; fruit of fair size; stone very large; late.

Omaha. Triflora × Americana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 14:272. 1901. 2. Ibid. 15:266. 1902.

From Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska; a cross between Abundance and Brittlewood. Fruit variable in size, nearly spherical; cavity deep, rounded; stem long; suture faint; apex rounded; light red, a shade darker than Wild Goose; dots many, small; bloom considerable; flesh moderately firm, yellow, juicy, rich and sweet; stone rather large, oval, flattened; early; not introduced.

Omega. Americana. 1. Terry Cat. 1900. 2. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 424. 1905.

Originated by H. A. Terry of Iowa. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, slightly oblong, red over yellow with numerous light dots; good; late.

Onderka Damascene. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 442. 1889.

Damas d’Onderka. Onderka.

Ontario. Species? 1. Mich. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 38. 1874. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:54. 1900.

Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit medium to large, roundish-oval, marbled yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; early to mid-season.

Opata. Prunus besseyi × (Munsoniana × Triflora). 1. Circ S. Dak. Exp. Sta. 1910.

Opata was grown by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station from a cross between Golden and Prunus besseyi; introduced in a small way in 1908. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity wide; dark red; bloom rather heavy; flesh green; said to be good; stone small; very early.

Orange. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:59. 1771.

Prune de Orange 1.

Fruit of medium size, oval, yellow blushed with red; flesh soft and juicy; good; freestone.

Orange Cherry. Species? 1. Kerr Cat. 18. 1899.

Orange’s Cherry Plum 1.

Originated in Florida where it is grown as a substitute for the cherry.

Orel No. 21. Domestica. 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:30. 1905.

Introduced from Russia by Professor J. L. Budd of Iowa about 1882. Unproductive and deficient in hardiness.

Orenge. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576, 577 fig. 1629.

Mentioned by Parkinson as “a yellowish plum, moist and somewhat sweetish.”

Oriental. Triflora. 1. Rural N. Y. 64:743. 1905. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 234. 1907.

Perry’s Seedling 1.

Introduced by F. L. Perry of Bridgeport, Connecticut, as a cross between Burbank and Satsuma. Tree hardy, vigorous; fruit large; skin thin; flesh dark, sweet; good; ripens two or three weeks earlier than Satsuma and hangs a month after ripening.

Orillia. Domestica. 1. Can. Hort. 26:422. 1903.

A seedling shown at the Orillia fruit exhibit in 1903; grown from a Lombard seed by Frank Kean. Tree vigorous, bears regularly; fruit similar in size and appearance to Quackenboss with a smaller stone and heavier bloom.

Osage. Munsoniana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Me. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:66. 1896. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 188. 1901. 4. Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul. 12:103. 1910.

Osage 48 2. Wonder 4.

Tree productive, tender; fruit medium in size, round to oval; cavity shallow; stem slender; bright red with numerous light dots flesh yellow; quality fair; stone medium, oval, flattened, clinging; mid-season.

Ottoman Seedling. Domestica. 1. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 9:347. 1900.

Received by this Station for testing in 1890 from L. M. Macomber, North Ferrisburgh, Vermont, as a seedling of Imperial Ottoman. Tree productive; fruit medium to large, oval, suture slight or lacking; stem an inch long, slender, inserted with scarcely a depression; dull red or greenish-red; bloom thin; flesh yellowish-green, juicy, sweet; very good; stone medium, oval, small wing; early to mid-season.

Outremont. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:38. 1903.

Under test at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa.

Overall. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 716. 1884.

Fruit large, oval; suture faint; stem three-quarters of an inch long inserted without a depression; dark purple; flesh coarse, pleasantly flavored; clingstone; mid-season.

Owatona. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:52. 1897. 2. Wis. Hort. So. Rpt. 137. 1899. 3. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:31. 1905.

A wild variety from Owatonna, Minnesota. Trees hardy, productive; fruit medium in size, oblong; suture distinct; red; flesh yellow, tender, bitter; lacking in flavor; mid-season.

Owen Sound. Species? 1. Can. Hort. 11:259. 1888. 2. Ibid. 14:350. 1891.

Owen Sound Beauty 1, 2.

A seedling grown by R. Trotter of Owen Sound, Ontario, from pits of an unnamed plum. Tree strong, healthy; fruit large, roundish-oblong; suture distinct, dividing the plum into unequal parts; brownish-purple; dots light, numerous; bloom thick; flesh orange, very juicy, rich and excellent; freestone; late.

Oxford. Nigra. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:52. 1897. 2. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:30. 1905.

This variety is from Minnesota and resembles Aitken, but is more vigorous; lacks productiveness; fruit large, roundish-oval, deep red; flesh orange-yellow; good; stone large, thin, clinging; very early.

Oyama. Triflora. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 119. 1904. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 66. 1905.

A seedling of the Red June grown at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada, from seed planted in 1895. Fruit of medium size, roundish to broad-oval; cavity narrow, of medium depth, abrupt; suture a distinct line, not depressed; apex rounded; deep red; dots obscure; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, juicy; sweet, not rich; quality medium; stone small, oval, clinging.

Paddock Magnum Bonum. Domestica. 1. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 420. 1846.

Originated from a pit brought from Russia in 1805 by a Captain Paddock. Closely resembles the Red Magnum Bonum of which it may be a seedling; clingstone.

Paine. Domestica. 1. Am. Jour. Hort. 3:97. 1868.

Paine’s Seedling 1.

A chance seedling raised by A. W. Paine of Bangor, Maine. Fruit medium to large; oval; cavity shallow, one-sided with a small lip; stem long, stout; suture slight; golden-yellow, blotched with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, coarse, rich, sweet; clingstone; early.

Paisan Blanche. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:60. 1771.

Paisan Blanche et Double 1. Prune de Paisan blanche and simple 1.

Fruit large, round; suture large, deep; greenish-yellow; flesh soft, juicy; good; clingstone; very productive.

Paisan Noire. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:60. 1771.

Prune de Paisan Noire 1.

Said to resemble “Paisan Blanche” in form, size and productiveness but is purple and the suture is a little deeper, flesh more watery and inferior in flavor.

Palmer. Triflora. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 46. 1895. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 47. 1897.

Probably a seedling of Abundance, grown by J. S. Breece of Fayetteville, North Carolina, about 1892. Fruit of medium size, roundish-conical, coppery-red with numerous russet dots; bloom light; skin thin, bitter; flesh yellowish, translucent with yellow veins, meaty, tender, juicy, fibrous, mild subacid, rich; good to very good; stone large, long, oval, clinging; very early.

Pander. Triflora. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 47. 1897.

A seedling of Abundance grown by J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina. Fruit large, roundish, light to dark crimson; dots minute russet, raised; bloom slight; skin thin, slightly bitter; flesh yellow, translucent, rather firm, meaty, juicy, sugary vinous, rich; very good; stone oval, medium in size, clinging; season with Wild Goose.

Pappaconi. Domestica. 1. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:499. 1860.

Imported into France from the Royal Gardens of Naples. Fruit larger than Dame Aubert, brilliant yellow, ripens in September.

Papeleu. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 716. 1884.

Fruit medium in size, round, symmetrical; stem moderately long, set in a narrow depression; suture very shallow; golden-yellow when ripe, mottled with pale straw color; dots small, crimson; bloom light; flesh yellow, tender and juicy, rich, sugary and highly flavored; freestone; mid-season.

Paquet. Domestica. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 26, Col. Pl. 1894.

Originated in 1889 with Peter Paquet, Oregon City, Oregon. Fruit very large, oval; cavity large, deep, regular; stem about an inch long, rather stout, curved; suture moderate; apex truncated; yellow washed with red; dots many, yellow; skin thick; flesh yellow; very good; stone oval, semi-clinging; early.

Park. Domestica ×? 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Ibid. 25. 1897. 3. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:256, 257. 1905.

Kerr says this is reputed to be a hybrid of Prunus domestica with a native variety. Tree upright-spreading; fruit above medium size, oblong-oval; cavity broad and deep; stem of medium length, stout; greenish-yellow; flesh yellow; good; stone of medium size, clinging; mid-season.

Parker. Species? 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:52. 1897.

Reported as very productive and regular in bearing; fruit large; good; early.

Parrott. Species? 1. Kan. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 30:63. 1908-09.

Parrott originated with A. H. Griesa, Lawrence, Kansas. Fruit small, bright red; bloom thin; stone small; very late.

Parsonage. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 367. 1857.

Originated at Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York. Tree very vigorous, upright, productive; fruit medium to large, oval; stem medium; cavity small; pale yellow splashed with green; flesh yellow, juicy, rich; freestone; mid-season.

Partridge. Species? 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:54. 1900. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 548. 1901.

Grown at the Experimental Farm, Agassiz, British Columbia. Tree vigorous; fruit medium, round; suture distinct; red with white bloom; flesh yellowish, sweet, pleasant; early.

Pasqua. Nigra? 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

Sent out by Thomas Frankland, Stonewall, Manitoba. Fruit large, red; late.

Pathfinder. Triflora × (Triflora × Simonii?) 1. Rural N. Y. 68:752. 1909.

Pathfinder, a cross between Chabot and Wickson, was grown by William Strong Arkansas. Fruit heart-shaped, strongly pointed, dark colored; flesh firm, fine-grained and sweet.

Patten A. Munsoniana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:286. 1900.

Received by the Iowa Experiment Station from C. G. Patten, Charles City, Iowa, with whom the variety originated. Fruit medium in size, ellipsoidal, flattened at both ends; cavity deep; suture a well-marked groove; bright red to purplish-red; dots small, numerous; bloom thin; flesh firm, meaty; good; stone of medium size, winged, flat, clinging; not introduced.

Patten B. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:286. 1900.

Of the Stoddard type, from C. G. Patten, Charles City, Iowa. Fruit medium to large, conical, somewhat pointed; cavity shallow; stem long; suture clearly outlined; apex pointed; dark purplish-red; dots numerous, small; bloom thick; skin thick, brittle; flesh yellow-brown; good; stone large, flat, clinging.

Peach Leaf. Hortulana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:52. 1897. 2. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 11:285. 1898.

Peachleaf 2.

A variety of unknown origin grown for many years by B. A. Mathews of Iowa. Given as synonymous to Kanawha by the American Pomological Society. Waugh says this is an error. Fruit medium in size, round; cavity slight; suture a faint line; deep wine red; dots many, small; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone medium, rough.

Peach-plum. Domestica. 1. Ray Hist. Plant. 2:1529. 1688. 2. Rea Flora 208. 1676.

Peach Plum 1.

A yellow variety grown in the Seventeenth Century.

Peake. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 578. 1629.

Parkinson says of it, “long, whitish and very good.”

Pearl. Americana mollis. 1. Kerr Cat. 11. 1898. 2. Terry Cat. 5. 1900. 3. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 424. 1905.

From H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; grown from seed of Van Buren planted about 1891. Tree very productive, vigorous, upright; fruit large, white becoming pale red; of best quality; ripens last of August.

Pear Plum. Domestica. 1. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:45, Tab. 199 fig. 2. 1796. 2. N. E. Farmer Dict. 266. 1797.

Die veilchenfarbige Birnpflaume 1. Prune poire grosse violette 1.

Kraft in 1796 described a little-known Pear plum. Tree medium in size, unproductive; fruit very large, pear-shaped; suture distinct; stem long; reddish-purple; flesh juicy, unpleasant; freestone. This may or may not be the same as the New England variety of this name mentioned in the references.

Peasant. Species? 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:55. 1900.

Tested by the Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia. Tree vigorous; fruit small, roundish, purple; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet; mid-season.

Peerless. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry and introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, oblong, dark red; skin thin; flesh yellow, firm; good; freestone.

Pekin. Species? Letter from Kerr.

Originated by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska.

Pendent. Munsoniana × Hortulana mineri. 1. Kerr Cat. 19. 1898. 2. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:18. 1898.

A cross between Pottawattamie and Forest Garden from Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska; introduced by J. W. Kerr in 1898. Tree slender, a rapid grower, productive; fruit medium to large, roundish inclined to oblong, red; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Penning. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 11. 1897. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 160. 1901.

Penning’s Free 2. Penning’s Free 1.

Originated with Martin Penning of Minnesota; a perfect freestone.

Penning Peach. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 7. 1896. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:52. 1897. 3. Kerr Cat. 11. 1899.

C. W. H. Heideman of Minnesota says this variety was introduced about thirty years ago as the Peach plum and was sold under that name by Northwestern nurserymen; he added the name Penning to avoid confusion; it closely resembles Harrison and is by some considered identical with that variety. Tree hardy and healthy, a shy bearer; fruit medium to large, oblong, purplish-red; flesh sweet; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Penobscot. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 1:196. 1846. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 428. 1854. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 222, 244. 1858.

Originated about 1840 with James McLaughlin of Bangor, Maine. Rejected by the American Pomological Society in 1858. Tree productive; fruit large, oval; suture distinct; cavity small; stem of medium length; greenish-yellow with a red blush in the sun; bloom thin; flesh yellow, sweet; flavor pleasant; stone long, pointed at both ends, clinging; early.

Pennock. Prunus besseyi × Domestica? 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:18. 1898. 2. Colo. Sta. Bul. 50:43. 1898.

Pennock’s Hybrid 2.

Pennock was raised in 1893 by C. E. Pennock of Fort Collins, Colorado, from seed of Prunus besseyi supposed to have been pollinated by Arctic. Tree dwarfish, upright; leaves of medium size, ovate, coarsely serrate, thickish, finely tomentose on either side; petiole short, stiff, sometimes with one gland at the base of the blade; fruit small, roundish; suture slight; deep blue; bloom heavy; flavor intermediate between the plum and cherry; stone small, round and cherry-like.

Peoly Early Blue. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 309. 1845. 2. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 346. 1849.

From Massachusetts. Fruit medium in size, oblong; stem short; suture obscure; dark blue; bloom light; flesh yellow; pleasant; fair quality; semi-clinging; early.

Perdrigon des Alpes. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 151. 1831.

The London Horticultural Society listed Perdrigon des Alpes and Perdrigon Violet des Alpes as distinct varieties but there seems to be little difference between them.

Perdrigon of Cernay. Domestica. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68, 69. 1699.

Cernay Perdrigon 1.

Mentioned in the preceding reference as round or oblate, with a dry and mealy flesh.

Perdrigon Tardif. Domestica. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 67. 1699. 2. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 151. 1831. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:125. 1873. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 450. 1889.

Damas de Septembre 4 incor. Königs Pflaume aus Paris 4. Königspflaume von Paris 3. Later Perdrigon 1. Royale de Paris Tardive 4. September Damascene 4 incor. Späte Herrn Pflaume 4. Späte Königs Pflaume 4. Späte Königs Pflaume aus Paris 4. Später Perdrigon 4. Später Perdrigon 3.

Quintinye, in 1699, mentioned a Later Perdrigon which is probably this variety. Duhamel confused this variety with the Impératrice but they are distinct. In America this Perdrigon is unknown. Tree small; leaves small, obovate; flowers very small; fruit small, roundish-ellipsoid; suture distinct; skin thick, purplish-black; stem short; cavity shallow; flesh yellowish, fine, firm, sweet; freestone; late.

Pershore. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 375. 1866. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:111. 1873. 3. Garden 49:225. 1896.

Pershore Yellow Egg 3.

Grown largely in the Pershore district, Worcester County, England. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, obovate; suture indistinct; golden-yellow; flesh clear yellow, neither juicy nor sweet; quality fair; stone small, clinging; fit only for culinary purposes; propagated by suckers.

Petite Quetsche Sucrée. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:181. 1873. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 437. 1889.

Ananas Zwetsche 2. Kleine Zuckerzwetsche 2. Kleine Zucker Zwetsche 1.

A German variety produced from seed of Violette Diaper. Fruit small, oval; suture shallow; cavity small; stem slender; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, fine-grained, juicy, sweet; freestone; mid-season.

Phiolenartige Gelbe Zwetsche. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 442. 1889.

Mathieu found the name of this variety in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 288. 1884.

Pilot. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:24, 52. 1897. 2. Ibid. 87:15. 1901. 3. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:31. 1904.

Originated with M. E. Hinckley at Marcus, Iowa, from seed of a wild plum gathered on the Little Sioux River near Cherokee, Iowa; seed planted in 1870. Tree open, spreading, drooping; fruit large, oblong-oval with rounded apex; suture distinct; yellow mottled with light and dark red; skin thick, tough; flesh firm, rich and sweet; good; stone long-oval, pointed, margined; mid-season; cracks and rots in wet seasons.

Pink Damson. Insititia? 1. Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt. 93. 1885.

Fruit small, pinkish-red; flesh light pink, soft; quality fair; very early.

Pioneer Prune. Domestica. 1. Pioneer Nur. Cat. 1900.

A variety grown for several years by the Pioneer Nursery Company, Salt Lake City, Utah; discarded because of its close resemblance to the Italian Prune.

Piper. Americana. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 162. 1891. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:52. 1897. 3. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:287. 1900. 4. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:15, 16 fig. 4. 1901.

Piper’s Peach 1, 2, 3. Piper’s Peach 4.

Found wild near Mankato, Blue Earth County, Minnesota, about 1887 by J. S. Harris of Crescent, Minnesota. Tree vigorous, upright, hardy, productive; fruit large, round, bright red; flesh orange-yellow, sweet and rich; good; stone roundish, slightly margined, nearly free; mid-season; mentioned in the catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1899.

Piram. Angustifolia varians. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:80. 1892. 2. Tex. Sta. Bul. 32:490, 491. 1894. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 197. 1901.

A seedling from Goliad County, Texas, originated by G. Onderdonk; named after Piram Hall about 1875. Tree hardy, productive; fruit medium to large, roundish; suture indistinct; light yellow; dots white; bloom thin; skin thin and tender; flesh yellow, soft, sweet; fair to good; clingstone; mid-season.

Pissardi. Cerasifera. 1. Rev. Hort. 191. 1881. 2. Gard. Mon. 25:367. 1883. 3. Rural N. Y. 44:479. 1885. 4. Gard. and For. 1:178. 1888. 5. Garden 55:314. 1899. 6. Bailey Cyc. Hort. 1447. 1901.

Prunus Cerasifera Atropurpurea 5. Prunus Pissardi 5. Prunus Pissardii 3. Purple-leaved Plum 3. The Purple Myrobalan 5. Prunus Pissardi 1, 2, 4.

See Prunus cerasifera, p. 000. Tree large; shoots purplish; foliage while unfolding tinged with red, later becoming dark purple; fruit medium in size; skin purplish, showing color in unripe stage, thin, tough; suture obscure; flesh firm, juicy, moderately acid, inferior in quality; clingstone.

Plantz. Domestica. 1. Cal. State Bd. Hort. Rpt. 129, 130 fig. 1891.

Plantz’s Seedling 1.

A chance seedling found by W. A. Plantz of New Castle, California, about 1883. Tree thrifty, productive; fruit large, oval, tapering towards the stem, reddish-purple; flesh yellow, sugary, rich, juicy and sweet; ripens in California about three weeks before the Hungarian Prune.

Plunk. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:44. 1897. 2. Kerr Cat. 9. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 160. 1901.

Large Red Sweet 3. Large Red Sweet 1, 2.

Introduced by Charles Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota. Tree a rapid grower with good foliage; fruit large, round, dark red or purplish-red; flesh reddish, not juicy, very sweet; good; clingstone; early.

Pomaria. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 189. 1867.

A seedling of the Reine Claude from South Carolina, about 1867. Tree productive; fruit medium in size, blue; bloom heavy; superior to its parent in flavor.

Pomona. Americana × Hortulana mineri? 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:31. 1904.

Originated by E. D. Cowles, Vermilion, South Dakota; under test at the South Dakota Experiment Station. Said to be “a natural cross of Forest Garden and Miner.”

Pond Purple. Domestica. 1. Kenrick Am. Orch. 209. 1835. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 309. 1845. 3. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 344 fig. 368. 1867.

Pond’s Purple 2. Pond’s Seedling 2, 3.

Grown in the garden of Henry Hill, Boston; introduced by Samuel Pond of Cambridge, Massachusetts. As it resembles the well-known Pond, it has been confused with that variety. Young branches downy; fruit of medium size, roundish; stem short; purple; flesh yellowish, rather dry, sweet, mingled with acid; quality fair; freestone; early.

Pontbriant. Domestica. 1. Pom. France 7:30 fig. 1871. 2. Cat. Cong. Pom. France 344. 1887.

De Pontbriant 2. Prune De Pontbriant 1.

Raised by M. F. Morel, Lyons, France, from seed of the Purple Gage planted in 1851. Tree of medium vigor; fruit large, round, a little more truncated at the base than at the apex; cavity narrow, shallow; stem long and stout; suture shallow and wide; reddish-purple, deeper on the sunny side; bloom heavy; flesh pale yellow, medium fine grained, melting, very juicy, with a very sweet and aromatic flavor; freestone.

Pontford. Domestica. 1. Watkins Cat. 46. 1892?

Tree very productive; fruit of medium size, purple; mid-season; suitable for market.

Pontotoc. Hortulana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 11:286. 1898.

Mentioned in the catalog of F. T. Ramsey in 1898 as not yet well tested.

Porsch Rote Zwetsche. Species? Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 443. 1889.

Potter. Americana? 1. Waugh Plum Cult. 233. 1901.

Mentioned by Waugh who says it originated in Cherokee County, Iowa, and is probably an Americana.

Poupart. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 717. 1884.

Poupart’s 1.

Mr. Poupart, market gardener at Brompton, grew this variety, according to Hogg, who says it is an enormous bearer and an excellent preserving plum. Fruit medium, nearly round, resembling Purple Gage; light purple, dotted and streaked with darker shades; flesh reddish, firm, sweet, with a Sloe flavor; freestone.

Powell Damson. Insititia. 1. Watkins Cat. 48. 1892?

Mentioned in the preceding reference as a new variety. Tree vigorous, productive and large.

Prairie Flower. Hortulana mineri. 1. Col., O., Hort. Soc. Rpt. 5:10. 1890. 2. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 276. 1893. 3. Mich. Sta. Bul. 118:54. 1895. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 175. 1901.

Prairie 3. Prairie Flower 3.

Prairie Flower, a supposed seedling of Miner, originated in Adrian County, Missouri; introduced by Stark Brothers about 1884. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture a line; cavity shallow; skin thick, red over yellow; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; stone oval, slightly flattened, clinging; season late. Mentioned in the last two issues of the catalog of the American Pomological Society.

Prairie Rose. Nigra? 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

A seedling raised at the Experimental Farm at Indian Head, Northwest Territory, Canada. Fruit of medium size, red; good; mid-season.

Précoce Defresne. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 443. 1889.

Précoce de Freudenberg. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 156, 361. 1895.

Freudenberger Früh Pflaume 1. Freudenberger Früh Pflaume 2. Précoce de Freudenberg 1.

This variety is of German origin. Fruit of medium size, oval, reddish-brown; flesh yellow, firm; good; early.

Précoce de Lucas. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 2d App. 156. 1876. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 439. 1889. 3. Lucas Vollst. Hand. Obst. 474. 1894.

Lucas Frühzwetsche 2, 3. Précoce de Lucas 2. Quetsche Précoce de Lucas 2.

Of foreign origin; tree vigorous, an early and abundant bearer; fruit large, oval; stem long, slender; dark blue; bloom heavy; flesh greenish, juicy, sweet; freestone; mid-season.

Précoce de Reutlinger. Domestica. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 433. 1905.

Précoce de Reutlinger Prune 1.

Tested at the Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia. Fruit below medium size, oval; stem short; cavity small; suture well defined and one side enlarged; deep purple; flesh yellowish, tender, sweet, juicy, rich; stone small, free; mid-season.

Premium. Americana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:41. 1892. 2. Colo. Sta. Bul. 50:43. 1898. Peffer’s Premium 1, 2.

Introduced by George P. Peffer of Pewaukee, Wisconsin. Tree vigorous with an open top, productive; leaves of medium size, broad-ovate; fruit medium in size, round or inclining to oblate; cavity very shallow; stem medium; suture nearly obsolete; deep red over orange-yellow; dots numerous, small; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm; fair to good; stone circular, smooth, clinging; mid-season.

Preserver. Triflora × Angustifolia varians. 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:18. 1898. 2. Kerr Cat. 11. 1900.

A supposed cross between Kelsey and Early Red; from D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas; introduced by William A. Yates in 1897. Tree vigorous, compact; fruit of medium size, roundish, dark red; flesh red, firm; mid-season.

President. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat. The President 1.

A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry, and introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Tree productive; fruit large, yellow, covered with red; flesh yellow, sweet, rich, firm; semi-clinging.

President. Domestica. 1. Gard. World 12:123. 1895. 2. Garden 58:294. 1900. 3. Ibid. 64:262. 1903.

Raised by Thomas Rivers of Sawbridgeworth, England; first fruited in 1894 and introduced in 1901 by the originator. Tree compact, productive; fruit large, oval, deep purple almost black; bloom heavy; flesh with a sweet, rich flavor; freestone; late. Recommended for culinary and market use.

President. Triflora × Simonii. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:226. 1899.

Grown by Luther Burbank as a seedling of Wickson; named by Waugh in 1899. Fruit large, heart-shaped; cavity deep, rounded; stem short, very stout; suture shallow; apex pointed; dark, fire-red; dots many, minute; bloom thin; skin thin; flesh firm, meaty, yellow; flavor peculiar, a trifle like musk-melon; quality poor; stone large, oval, pointed, flattened, semi-clinging.

President Courcelles. Domestica. 1. Guide Prat. 162, 361. 1895. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 401. 1898. 3. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:55. 1900.

President Courcelle 3.

Tested at the Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia. Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, globular or sometimes heart-shaped; suture shallow; purple; flesh pale yellow or greenish, juicy, sweet, pleasant; mid-season.

Presley. Hortulana mineri × Hortulana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:227. 1899.

From A. L. Bruce, Basin Springs, Texas. Waugh says its parentage is probably Miner by Wayland. Fruit of medium size, inclined to oval; cavity shallow; bright red; dots numerous, indistinct; flesh yellow; good; stone small, round, flattened, clinging.

Price. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

Prof. Price 1.

A seedling grown by H. A. Terry; introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, oblong, yellow, tinged with red; good; clingstone.

Pride of Waterloo. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 3rd App. 182 fig. 1881. 2. W. N. Y. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 44:92. 1899.

Pride of Waterloo? 2.

Raised by A. H. Doles, Waterloo, New York, from seed of Smith Orleans; distinct from Pond with which it is sometimes confused. Tree upright, vigorous, very productive; branches smooth, reddish-brown; fruit large, oval, narrowing towards the stem; suture indistinct; cavity large; stem medium in length and thickness; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh deep yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet, sprightly, not rich; stone slightly adherent; mid-season.

Primate. Domestica. 1. Rivers Cat. 35. 1898-9. 2. Thompson Gard. Ass’t 4:159. 1901. 3. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 433. 1905.

A seedling first fruited by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, in 1890, and introduced by him in 1897. Fruit large, round; stem short, set in a medium cavity; suture distinct; sides often unequal; purplish-red; dots numerous, small, golden; bloom thin; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet; good; stone small, free; ripens late and hangs well after maturing.

Prince. Domestica. 1. Ray Hist. Plant. 2:1529. 1688.

Ray mentions a variety by this name. It may be the same as Gloucestershire Violet.

Prince Early Damson. Insititia. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:87. 1832.

Prince’s Early Purple 1.

A seedling raised by William Prince. Fruit of medium size, ovate, dark purple, pleasant; freestone; early.

Prince Orange Egg. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 392. 1857. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:187. 1873.

Oeuf Orange De Prince 2. Prince’s Orange Egg 2.

Grown by William Prince. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, globular; cavity medium; stem short, stout; reddish-purple; dots brownish-yellow; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, a little coarse, juicy, sweet and sprightly, not rich; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Prince Orange Gage. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 405. 1857.

Noted only by Downing, who describes it as follows: “Fruit medium, roundish-oval; suture moderate; skin yellow; stalk long, set in an open cavity; flesh light yellow, coarse, juicy, pleasant, but not rich; adheres to the stone; first of September.”

Prince Primordian. Domestica. 1. Prince Treat. Hort. 25. 1828. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:79. 1832.

Prince’s Blue Primordian 1. Prince’s Blue Primordian 2.

A seedling of White Primordian, grown by William Prince. A very early variety, of about the same size as its parent, oval in shape, blue; flesh pleasantly flavored.

Pringle. Insititia? 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 503, Pl. 63. 1905.

Pringle is a Damson-like variety originating as a sprout from the stock of a Lombard tree in the orchard of A. C. Pringle, Mears, Michigan; introduced by E. Hawley & Sons of Hart, Michigan, about 1896.

Pringle Blue. Domestica. 1. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 12:612. 1893.

Received by the New York Experiment Station in 1890 from L. M. Macomber, North Ferrisburg, Vermont. Tree very productive; fruit large, irregular-oval; cavity medium; suture shallow; skin thin, tender; purplish-black; bloom thick; dots small, numerous; flesh pale yellow, dry, firm; flavor flat; fair; stone semi-clinging; mid-season; of no value.

Pringle Purple. Domestica. 1. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 9:347. 1890.

Received by the New York Experiment Station in 1890 from L. M. Macomber, North Ferrisburg, Vermont. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish, compressed; cavity small; suture a line; skin thin, tender; reddish-purple, unattractive; bloom thinnish; dots small, numerous; flesh light yellow, moderately juicy, slightly fibrous, firm, mild; good; stone nearly free; mid-season; of no value.

Procureur. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:63. 1873.

Platte Hellrothe Königspflaume 1.

Probably of French origin. Tree vigorous, early, productive; fruit large, round, flattened at the ends; suture well defined; dull yellow, almost covered with bright purple; bloom thin; flesh pale yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic; quality fair; stone small, free; mid-season.

Profuse. Species? Letter from Kerr.

Originated by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska.

Prof. Wittmack. Insititia? × Domestica? 1. Gard. Chron. 3:364. 1888.

The parentage of this variety is not definitely known but it is thought to be a Mirabelle crossed with Italian Prune; grown by Herr Ulhorn, Grevenbroich, Lower Rhenish Prussia. A sweet plum of the prune type; freestone; good for either dessert or drying.

Pruneau. Species? 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 117. 1875.

Reported from Quebec, Canada, in 1875; commonly grown from suckers.

Prune d’Agen Double. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 420. 1889.

Prune d’Amour. Domestica. Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 421. 1889.

Prune d’Automne. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:9. 1873.

Herbstpflaume 1.

Raised by Dr. Dorell of Kuttenberg, Bohemia. Tree of capricious growth; fruit small, globular; suture indistinct; purplish-black; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; good; freestone; late.

Prune de Laghouat. Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 438. 1889.

Prune d’Ente Impériale. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Prune de Rudolphe. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:189. 1873.

Rudolph’s Pflaume 1.

Liegel received this variety in 1842 from Count Bressler of Hungary. Origin uncertain. Tree vigorous, an early and prolific bearer; fruit medium in size, obovate; suture indistinct; golden-yellow, dotted with red; flesh clear yellow, sweet, juicy; good; stone obovate, clinging; mid-season.

Prune de Seigneur. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 450. 1889.

Prune de Prince.

Prune Tardive. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 2nd App. 157. 1876.

Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit below medium size, oval; stem long, slender, set in a small cavity; black; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; freestone; very late.

Pseudo Mirabelle. Insititia. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831.

Purple Favorite. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 307. fig. 126. 1845. 2. N. Y. Agr. Soc. Rpt. 293 fig. 1848. 3. Mag. Hort. 16:455, 456 fig. 27. 1850. 4. Mas Le Verger 6:83, fig. 42. 1866-73.

Favorite Pourpre 4. Purple Favourite 4.

The original tree of Purple Favorite was planted at Newburgh, New York, by the father of A. J. Downing; from whence it came is not known. Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity slight; suture lacking; brownish-purple; bloom thin; flesh pale yellow, tender, juicy, sweet; quality very good; stone small, round, free; mid-season. Listed in the American Pomological Society catalog since 1852.

Purple Flesh. Triflora. 1. Stark Bros. Cat. 1909.

A purple-fleshed variety introduced by Stark Brothers and recommended by them as being hardy.

Purple-leaved Hybrid. Triflora × Cerasifera. 1. Burbank Cat. 16 fig. 1893.

K. P. 193 1.

A seedling of Kelsey pollinated by Pissardi; from Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California. Resembles the male parent in wood, bark, leaves, flowers and fruit; very ornamental on account of its large purple leaves. Fruit larger than Pissardi, dark purple with many white dots; bloom thin; flesh reddish-purple throughout, firm, subacid; good; ripens several weeks before Kelsey.

Purple Panhandle. Angustifolia watsoni. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Ibid. 21. 1897. 3. Bailey Ev. Nat. Fruits 222, 223. 1898. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 233. 1901.

Introduced from the Panhandle of Texas by F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas. Tree small, rapid in growth; fruit below medium in size, round-oblong, inclining to conic, purplish-red; quality poor; clingstone; early to mid-season.

Purple Yosemite. Species? 1. Gard. Mon. 20:176. 1878. 2. Penin. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 65. 1891. 3. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:32. 1903.

Yosemite 1. Yosemite Purple 3.

Introduced by W. S. Carpenter of Rye, New York, who secured it from the “Rocky Mountains.” Fruit large, roundish; cavity shallow; suture a line; skin thick, deep, dull red; dots yellow, distinct; bloom medium thick; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; quality fair; stone oval, flattened, clinging; mid-season.

Puymirol d’Ente. Domestica. 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 356. 1891.

Originated at Puymirol in the southwest of France; introduced into California; a type of the Agen. Tree productive; fruit large, inclined to oblong; flesh very sweet; ripens a little earlier than Agen.

Quaker. Americana. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 308. 1884. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 160. 1901.

Found in the wild by Joseph Bundy of Springville, Linn County, Iowa; introduced about 1862 by H. C. Raymond, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, roundish; cavity shallow; suture a line; stem long; skin thick, dark red; bloom thick; dots many; flesh yellow, sweet, pleasant; good; stone large, oblique-oval, flattened, semi-clinging; mid-season.

Quality. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:24, 55. 1897. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:287. 1900. 3. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:15. 1907.

Gaylord Quality 2.

Of unknown origin; top-grafted about 1880 by Edson Gaylord of Nora Springs, Iowa, who afterwards distributed the variety. Fruit below medium in size, round, dull purplish-red; dots white; bloom heavy; flesh soft; quality fair; stone turgid; mid-season.

Quebec. Domestica. Mentioned in Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:38. 1903.

Queen. Americana. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:31. 1903.

Golden Queen 1.

From H. A. Terry coming from unknown parents and bearing its first crop in 1897. Tree upright; fruit large, round, bright golden-yellow; very good; said to be excellent for canning or dessert.

Queen May. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:36. 1903.

First grown by Thomas Clark, Chateaugay, Quebec. Tree strong and productive; fruit large, round; cavity narrow; suture indistinct; greenish-yellow; bloom thin; dots indistinct; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, firm, sweet, rich; very good; clingstone.

Queen Mother. Domestica? 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576, 577, 578. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 207. 1676. 3. Ray Hist. Plant. 2:1529. 1688. 4. Quintinye Com. Gard. 69, 70. 1699. 5. Langley Pomona 94, Pl. XXIV fig. 3. 1729. 6. Prince Pom. Man. 2:87. 1832. 7. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 310. 1845. 8. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 291. 1846. 9. Mas Le Verger 6:41. 1866-73. 10. Hogg Fruit Man. 719. 1884. 11. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 437, 448. 1889. 12. Guide Prat. 160, 361. 1895.

Cherry of some ?1, ?3. Coeur de Pigeon 11. Damaske Violet ?1. Damas Violet 7, 11, 12. Königin Mutter 11. Moschatelle of some 3. Muscadine ?1. Petit Damas Rouge 9, 12. Petit Damas Rouge 6, 11. Pigeon’s Heart 7, 10, 11, 12. Pigeons Heart 4. Queene Mother of some 1. Queen Mother 9, 11, 12. Red Queen Mother 7, 11. Rotes Taubenherz 11. Rotes Taubenherz 11. Small Red Damask 6. Small Red Damson 6.

Queen Mother and Damas Violet have been confused for nearly three centuries, yet they are distinct, as our descriptions show. Hogg thought the Queen Mother mentioned by Ray and pictured as a cordate-shaped fruit by Parkinson, was the Myrobalan. Tree medium in size, compact, spherical; fruit small, nearly round; suture slightly pronounced, halves equal; cavity nearly lacking; stem medium in length; skin red to violet on the sunny side; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet; good; freestone; mid-season.

Queen of Arkansas. Species? Mentioned in Tex. Sta. Bul. 32:490. 1894.

Quetsche à feuille argentee. Species? 1. Guide Prat. 162, 362. 1895.

Frühzwetsche mit Silberblatt 1. Silberblattrige Zwetsche 1.

A variety from Hungary having silvery-colored leaves; said to ripen two weeks before the German Prune.

Quetsche Aplatie. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:23. 1873. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 423. 1889.

Breitgedrückte Zwetsche 2. Breitgedrückte Kaiser Zwetsche 2. Breitgedrückte Zwetsche 1. Donauers Zusammen Gedrückte Zwetsche 1, 2. Plattrunde Zwetsche 1, 2. Quetsche Aplatie 2.

Found in a garden by M. Donauer of Saxe-Cobourg, Gotha. Fruit of medium size, obovate, compressed; suture broad, shallow; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh green, sweet, aromatic; good; stone rough, free; mid-season.

Quetsche Buhl-Eltershofen. Domestica. 1. Mas Le Verger 6:159. 1866-73.

A seedling raised by M. Liegel of Germany and named in honor of M. Buhl-Eltershofen. Fruit above medium size, long-ovate; suture distinct; deep purple; bloom light; flesh greenish-white, juicy; quality good; stone large.

Quetsche Datte des Allemands. Domestica. 1. Guide Prat. 160, 362. 1895.

Fruit large, irregular-oval, darker color than German Prune; flesh yellow, sweet; good; late.

Quetsche de Dobrowitz. Species? 1. Guide Prat. 160, 362. 1895.

Dobrowitzer Frühzwetsche 1. Quetsche de Doubrawie 1.

A Hungarian variety maturing about fifteen days earlier than German Prune.

Quetsche de Kreuter. Domestica? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 438. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 363. 1895.

Kreuter’s Zwetsche 1. Kreuters Zwetsche 2. Quetsche de Kreuter 1.

A variety of little merit.

Quetsche de Millot. Domestica. 1. Baltet Cult. Fr. 496. 1908.

Mentioned by Baltet as a better variety than the German Prune.

Quetsche De Ransleben. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:153. 1873.

Ranslebens Pflaume 1. Ranslebens Zwetsche 1.

A seedling of Reine Claude raised by M. Ransleben of Berlin, Germany. Tree vigorous, an early and abundant bearer; fruit small, long-oval; suture indistinct; purplish-brown; thick bloom; flesh green, juicy; stone rough, free.

Quetsche de Transylvanie. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 450. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 362. 1895.

Quetsche de Transilvanie 2. Siebenburger Zwetsche 1. Siebenburger Zwetsche 2.

Mentioned as “of very doubtful value.”

Quetsche Dr. Létricourt. Domestica. 1. Le Bon Jard. Preface XLVII. 1882. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 455. 1889. 3. Guide Prat. 161, 362. 1895.

De Pologne 3. Impériale Blanche? 2, 3. Prune de Pologne 2. Quetsche de Létricourt 2. Quetsche de Létricourt 3. Quetsche Jaune 2, 3. Zwetsche Von Létricourt 2.

Fruit elliptical, elongated at both ends; skin yellow, sometimes washed red; flesh yellowish, very juicy, sweet.

Quetsche Freestone. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 205:37. 1903. 2. Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul. 27:15. 1904.

Probably a seedling of German Prune imported by the United States Department of Agriculture in 1894. Fruit small, oval; suture distinct; dark blue; flesh yellow, juicy, tart; late; inferior to German Prune.

Quetsche Hâtive. Domestica. 1. Baltet Cult. Fr. 494. 1908.

A medium sized, long-oval, dark purple prune; good; early.

Quetsche Jaune Précoce. Domestica. 1. Mas Le Verger 6:99, fig. 50. 1866-73. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 431. 1889.

Gelbe Frühzwetsche 1. Gelbe Frühzwetsche 2. Quetsche Jaune Précoce 2.

Fruit of medium size, oval, yellow; flesh yellow, sprightly, tender, juicy; said to make good prunes; early.

Quetsche Longue Précoce. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 444. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 362. 1895.

A variety of little merit.

Quetsche Maraichère. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:107. 1873. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 431. 1889. 3. Guide Prat. 163, 362. 1895.

Die Gartenzwetsche 3. Gartenpflaume 2, 3. Garten Pflaume 1. Garten Zwetsche 1,2. Maraichère 3. Prune Maraichère 1, 2. Quetsche Maraichère 2.

From M. M. Bauman & Sons, Bollwiller, Germany. Tree of medium vigor, an early and abundant bearer; fruit medium, ellipsoidal; suture indistinct; skin dark purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, sweet, aromatic; freestone; excellent for drying.

Quetsche Pointue. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:51. 1873. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 450. 1889.

Provinz Zwetsche 2. Quetsche de Province 1. Spitszwetsche 1. Spitzzwetsche 2.

Liegel received this variety in 1816 from M. Grob of Eichelstadt, Bavaria, under the name of Quetsche de Province. Tree vigorous, an early and productive bearer; fruit large, long-ovate, obtuse at the stem end, acute-pointed at the apex; suture broad, deep; deep purple; bloom thick; flesh yellowish, sweet; good for culinary purposes; stone long, narrow, clinging.

Quetsche Précoce de Buhlerthal. Domestica? 1. Guide Prat. 164, 363. 1895.

Frühzwetsche von Buhlerthal 1. Zwetsche Frühe Von Buhlerthal 1.

A new variety from Germany maturing very early.

Quetsche Précoce De Frauendorf. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:97. 1873.

Frauendorfer Frühe Zwetsche 1.

Introduced by Eugene Furst, Frauendorf, Bavaria; distinguished from the German Prune by its larger size, earlier maturity and superior quality.

Quetsche Précoce Liegel. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:53. 1873. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 439. 1889.

Liegels Frühzwetsche 1. Liegels Frühzwetsche 2. Quetsche Hâtive de Liegel 2. Quetsche Précoce de Liegel 2.

Found growing among German Prune trees by M. Liegel; differs from the German Prune only in that its fruit matures a few days earlier.

Quetsche Précoce De Schamal. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:5. 1873.

Schamals Frühzwetsche 1.

Originated by M. Schamal of Jungbunzlau, Bohemia. Fruit small, obovate; suture narrow, shallow; dark purple; flesh yellow, sweet, perfumed; good; freestone.

Quetsche Ronde. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:62. 1771.

A strain of the German Prune.

Quetsche Verte D’Italie. Domestica. 1. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:34, Tab. 182 fig. 2. 1796. 2. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831. 3. Mas. Le Verger 6:97. 1866-73. 4. Guide Prat. 162, 363. 1895.

Die lange, grüne und grosses welsche Pflaume? 1. Grüne Eierpflaume 4. Grüne Zwetsche 4. Italienische Grüne Zwetsche 3, 4. Verdage D’Italie 3, 4. Vertage d’Italie tres-grosse 1.

A European plum of unknown origin. Tree large; fruit large, ellipsoidal; suture very shallow; skin tender, not adherent, greenish-yellow, specked with red; stem short; flesh greenish-yellow, melting, juicy, aromatic; of first quality; clingstone; mid-season.

Quitique. Species? Letter from F. T. Ramsey.

Selected from the wild near Quitique, Texas.

Rachel. Hortulana mineri. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:58, 86. 1892. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 175. 1901. 3. Ga. Sta. Bul. 67:280. 1904.

Fruit small, roundish; suture a line; cavity shallow; bright red; dots yellow, conspicuous; blue; flesh yellow, melting; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

Rademakers. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 444. 1889. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:53. 1900.

Brugnon de Neerveteren 1. Rademaker’s Prune 1.

Under test at the British Columbia Experimental Station.

Ragland. Triflora × Angustifolia varians. 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:19. 1898. 2. Kerr Cat. 11. 1900. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 223. 1901.

A hybrid grown by D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas, supposedly from seed of Kelsey pollinated by Yellow Transparent; introduced by W. A. Yates in 1897. Fruit of medium size, oblate; cavity broad, rounded; suture lacking; bright clear yellow; dots yellow; bloom white; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, rich; very good; stone small, clinging; early.

Raisin. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831. 2. Mag. Hort. 9:165. 1843.

An old European variety now obsolete. Fruit small, round, greenish; of medium quality; clingstone.

Ramsey Last. Munsoniana. Letter from Kerr.

Originated with F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas. Fruit small; good; late for its group.

Ranette. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 444. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 160, 363. 1895.

Fruit large, roundish-oval, reddish-brown; flesh yellow, juicy, good; freestone; late.

Rangheri. Insititia. 1. Koch Deut. Obst. Sort. 571. 1876. 2. Lange Allgem. Garten 2:420. 1879. 3. Mas Le Verger 6:155. 1866-73. 4. Lauche Deut. Pom. Pl. IV. 14. 1882. 5. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 444. 1889. 6. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 465. 1900.

Mirabelle de Rangheri 3. Mirabelle Hâtive de Rangheri 5. Mirabelle Rangheri 5. Mirabelle de Rangheri 5. Mirabelle Rangheris 2. Rangheri’s Aprikosen Pflaume 5. Rangheri’s Frühe Gelbe Mirabelle 4, 5. Rangheri’s Frühe Mirabelle 5. Rangheri’s Gelbe Mirabelle 5. Rangheris Mirabelle 1. Rangheris Mirabelle 3. Rangheri’s Mirabelle 4, 5, 6.

Raised by Liegel from the stone of the Abricotée de Braunau plum, and dedicated by him to M. Henri Rangheri, a merchant at Prague, Bohemia. Tree of medium vigor; fruit medium, roundish-oval; suture indistinct; cavity shallow; skin golden-yellow with red spots on the sunny side; flesh yellow, juicy, tender, sweet, aromatic; of first quality; freestone; mid-season; valuable for table and household purposes.

Rareripe. Americana. 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 26:14. 1891. 2. Ibid. 93:32. 1905.

Rare Ripe 1.

Tree hardy and productive; fruit small, dark red; flesh sweet; clingstone; inferior to Harrison but better than De Soto; mid-season.

Ray. Hortulana mineri × Munsoniana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:227. 1899.

A supposed cross between Miner and Wild Goose from A. L. Bruce of Basin Springs, Texas. Fruit small to medium, oval to roundish; cavity medium deep; suture faint; dark red; flesh yellow; clingstone.

Raymond. Species? 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:80. 1892.

Mentioned by Bailey in 1892 in an unclassified list of plums.

Raynes. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:36. 1903. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 66. 1905.

Dunlop 53 1.

Disseminated by W. W. Dunlop, Outremont, Quebec. Fruit of the prune type, above medium size, oval; suture distinct; dark reddish-purple; bloom moderate; flesh yellowish-green, firm, sweet; good; freestone; mid-season.

Reagan. Hortulana × Americana. 1. Tex. Cat. 1907.

An offspring of Wayland crossed with an Americana; introduced by the Texas Nursery Company in 1907. Fruit large, red, rich; good; very late.

Reagles Gage. Domestica. 1. Cultivator 6:269. 1858. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 941. 1869. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 720. 1884.

Reagles’ Gage 1, 2.

A seedling of Washington raised by C. Reagles, Schenectady, New York. Tree vigorous, upright; fruit of medium size, spherical; suture broad, shallow; greenish-yellow, splashed with darker green; bloom light; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet, vinous; good; freestone; mid-season.

Rebecca. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894-1900.

Fruit above medium in size, roundish-oblong, purplish-red; clingstone; mid-season.

Reche. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894-1901.

Tree strong and productive; fruit large for the species, globular; dull purplish-red; clingstone.

Red Cloud. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1897-1900.

Fruit small, roundish, mottled red; inferior; clingstone.

Red Gage. Domestica. 1. Am. Gard. Cal. 588. 1806. 2. N. Y. Agr. Soc. Rpt. 292 fig. 1848. 3. Hooper W. Fr. Book 251. 1857. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 443. 1889. 5. Guide Prat. 157, 162, 364. 1895.

Auserlesene Rote Reine-Claude 4. Auserlesene rothe Reineclaude 5. Lombard 3 incor. Prince’s Red Gage 2, 4, 5. Prince’s Rote Reine-Claude 4. Prinzens rothe Reineclaude 5. Red Gage 4, 5. Reine-Claude Rouge Americaine 5. Reine-Claude rouge de Prince 5. Reine-Claude Rouge de Prince 4.

Red Gage was grown from a seed of Reine Claude in 1790 by William Prince, Flushing, Long Island, New York. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture lacking; stem short; dark red in the sun ranging to pale red in the shade; flesh greenish, tender, juicy, sweet; very good; stone small, free; mid-season.

Red Gage of Dutchess County. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 942. 1869.

Originated in Dutchess County, New York. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, slightly compressed; suture distinct; cavity large; color yellow overlaid with a light reddish-purple; dots numerous; flesh yellow, juicy; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Red Glass. Hortulana mineri × Domestica. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 14:272. 1901. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 114:143. 1910.

Red Glass originated with Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska, as a seedling of Miner pollinated by Quackenboss. Fruit large, oval, red; bloom thick; flesh firm, meaty, tender, sweet; good; mid-season.

Red Glass Junior. (Hortulana mineri × Domestica) × Domestica. 1. Am. Br. Assoc. Rpt. 2:185. 1906.

A hybrid from Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska, from seed of Red Glass crossed with Quackenboss. The variety is hardy and gives promise of value in Nebraska.

Red Horse. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1897.

Fruit of medium size, roundish-oblong, dull red; inferior; clingstone.

Redick. Americana. Mentioned in Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 228. 1909.

Red Magdalene. Domestica. Mentioned in Watkins Cat. 1892.

Red May. Triflora × Munsoniana. 1. Sherman Cat. 1898. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 224, 1901.

A seedling of Abundance fertilized by Wild Goose from A. L. Bruce[231], Texas; introduced by J. S. Kerr, Sherman, Texas, in 1898. Fruit of medium size, oblong, pointed, deep red; similar to Red June but ten days earlier.

Red October. Species? 1. Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul. 12:103. 1910.

A variety reported as worthless in Hale County, Texas.

Red Panhandle. Angustifolia watsoni. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Ibid. 1897. 3. Bailey Ev. of Nat. Fr. 222, 223. 1898. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 233. 1901.

Of the same origin as Purple Panhandle. Tree irregular and straggling in habit, very productive; fruit small to medium, irregular-oval or oblong, dull dark red with scattering dots; bloom thick; skin tough; flesh reddish-yellow; very poor; stone large, roundish-oval, slightly flattened, clinging; early.

Red Pear. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 208. 1676. 3. Ray Hist. Plant. 2:1528. 1688.

Mentioned as poor in quality. May be identical with the Pear Plum.

Red Peascod. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576, 577. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 208. 1676. 3. Ray Hist. Plant. 2:1529. 1688.

Red Pescod 1.

Cultivated in the Seventeenth Century. Fruit elongated, watery; poor in quality; very late.

Red Perdrigon. Domestica. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:86. 1768. 2. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:27, Tab. 172 fig. 2. 1796. 3. Willich Dom. Enc. 4:299. 1803. 4. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 312. 1845. 5. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 445. 1881. 6. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 448. 1889.

Die rothe Rebhuhnpflaume 2. Perdrigon rouge 1. Perdrigon rouge 2, 4, 6. Podiebrader Pflaume 6. Red Perdrigon 6. Roter Perdrigon 6. Rother Perdrigon 5.

Red Perdrigon was first described by Duhamel; probably introduced into America during the latter part of the Eighteenth Century. Tree very productive; fruit small, oval; cavity small; suture lacking; dark red; dots small; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, aromatic; freestone; late mid-season.

Red Primordian. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 575. 1629. 2. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 286, 382. 1846. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 943. 1869. 4. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:149, fig. 75. 1873.

Early Red Primordian 2. Red Primordian 2, 4. Rouge Hâtive 4.

Common in Europe nearly three centuries ago. Fruit of medium size, pear-shaped, reddish, pleasant; good; early. Downing and Mas described a variety under this name supposed to have originated with William Prince. It is very similar to the older variety of which it may be a seedling.

Red Prune. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 8:536. 1853.

Bottle Plum 1.

From Pennsylvania. Fruit long-pyriform, with a slender neck; suture distinct; pale red; good; it closely resembles the Red Date.

Red Skin. Munsoniana. Letter from Kerr.

Originated by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska.

Red Violet. 1. Ray Hist. Plant. 2:1528. 1688.

Mentioned by Ray in the preceding reference together with blue and amber sorts but without description.

Red Virginal. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 153. 1831. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:74. 1832. 3. Elliott Fr. Book 429. 1854. 4. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 950. 1869. 5. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 448. 1889.

Rote Jungfernpflaume 5. Virgin 2. Virgin 3, 4. Virginal à Fruit Blanc 4 incor. Virginal à gros Fruit blanc 4 incor. Virginal Blanc 4 incor. Virginale 3. Virginale à Fruit Rouge 5. Virginale Blanc 4 incor. Virginale Rouge 2, 5. Virginal Rouge 1. White Virginale 4 incor.

Fruit of medium size, roundish, reddish-purple; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; good; semi-free.

Red Winter. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 61. 1887.

Krasnaya osimaya 1.

Imported by the Iowa Agricultural College.

Reed. Hortulana. 1. N. J. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 12. 1882. 2. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 11:286 fig. 1898.

Originated with P. H. Reed of Hightstown, New Jersey, from pits brought from Illinois; introduced by Charles Black of the same place. Tree vigorous; leaves large, dark green; fruit small, round; suture a faint line; skin thick; dark red; dots yellow; flesh yellow, meaty; quality fair; stone turgid, semi-clinging; late.

Reel. Americana mollis. 1. Kerr Cat. 1898. 2. Terry Cat. 1900.

Grown by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa; a seedling of Van Buren; first fruited in 1896. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, pale yellow with a red cheek; good.

Regina. Nigra? 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory, Canada. Fruit small, red; skin thick; good.

Reine-Claude Abricotine. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 445. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 156, 363. 1895.

Fruit small, whitish; flesh light yellow, sweet; good; early.

Reine Claude d’Écully. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 445. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 153, 364. 1895.

Tree vigorous; fruit large, round; cavity small; suture distinct; greenish-yellow; bloom thin; flesh firm, sweet, juicy; good; freestone; mid-season.

Reine Claude d’Oberdieck. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889.

Reine Claude de Brignais. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 452. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 162, 364. 1895.

Reine-Claude de Brignais 1. Violette Reine-Claude Von Brignais 1.

Said to be superior to Reine Claude.

Reine Claude de l’Echoisier. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:55. 1900.

Of French origin. Not hardy in Canada.

Reine Claude de Mezel. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:55. 1900.

Of French origin. Tree vigorous; fruit medium, globular; suture shallow; skin greenish-yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; early.

Reine Claude de Razaimbaut. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:55. 1900.

Reine-Claude de Razaimbaut 1. Reine-Claude de Razimbaud 1. Reine-Claude Précoce de Razimbaud 1.

Imported from France by the Canadian Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia. Tree vigorous; fruit small, roundish; skin green; flesh green, juicy, sweet; mid-season.

Reine Claude de Saint-Avertin. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 155, 364. 1895.

Fruit rather large, roundish, greenish-yellow blushed with red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic; very good; late.

Reine Claude de Vandenbrok. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889.

Reine Claude de Wazon. Domestica. 1. Guide Prat. 160, 364. 1895. 2. Baltet Cult. Fr. 491. 1908.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit nearly large, obovate, greenish-yellow, washed with red; flesh juicy, sweet and acidulated; very good; mid-season.

Reine Claude Descarde. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 445. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 364. 1895.

An inferior variety of the Reine Claude type.

Reine Claude Hamaitre. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 364. 1895.

A variety of the Reine Claude type of doubtful value.

Reine Claude Monstrueuse de Mezel. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889.

Reine Claude Sagot. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2nd Ser. 3:56. 1900.

Probably of French origin; as tested in Canada, tree weak; foliage small, scanty; fruit medium in size, globular; stem one-half inch long; cavity small; suture distinct; skin whitish-yellow; flesh yellowish, rather dry, tender, fine-grained, very sweet; stone small, roundish, free; mid-season.

Reine Claude Von Bollwiller. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 445. 1889.

Reine des Mirabelles. Insititia × Domestica. 1. Guide Prat. 164, 364. 1895. 2. Rev. Hort. 476. 1901.

Königin der Mirabellen 1.

Produced by crossing the Mirabelle and the Reine Claude. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, yellow, dotted with red on the sunny side, juicy; good; mid-season.

Reine Victoria. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 380. 1866.

According to Hogg this is a French variety distinct from Victoria. Fruit roundish-oval, reddish-purple; flesh juicy, rich, agreeable, freestone; similar to Kirke but two or three weeks later.

Reisenzwetsche. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889.

Reine-Claude Geante 1.

Mathieu gives reference to Monatsschrift für Pomologie 281. 1858.

Reizenstein Yellow Prune. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 943. 1869. 2. Mas Le Verger 6:119. 1866-73. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 446. 1889. 4. Guide Prat. 161, 362. 1895.

De Reizeinstein 4. Jaune de Reizenstein 4. Pruneau Jaune de Reizenstein 2, 3. Prune de Reizenstein 2, 3. Quetsche Jaune de Reizenstein 3. Quetsche Jaune de Reizenstein 2, 4. Reizensteiner Gelbe Zwetsche 3. Reizensteiner Gelbe Zwetsche 2, 4. Reizensteiner Pflaume 2, 3, 4. Reizensteiner Zwetsche 3, 4. Reizenstein’s Yellow Prune 2, 3, 4. Susina Settembrica Quialla 3, 4.

Probably originated in Italy. Tree of medium vigor, very prolific, not hardy; fruit of medium size, irregularly ovate; suture indistinct; skin golden-yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; stone rough, free.

Reutlinger Frühzwetsche. Domestica? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 162, 363. 1895.

Quetsche Précoce de Reutlingen 2. Reutlinger Frühzwetsche 2.

An attractive variety ripening in early mid-season.

Rhinebeck Yellow Gage. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 405. 1857.

Rhinebeck Yellow Gage 1.

Originated at Rhinebeck, New York. Tree vigorous; fruit large, oval; suture deep; cavity shallow; yellow; flesh coarse, juicy, sweet, pleasant; clingstone; mid-season.

Rhodes. Domestica. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68, 69. 1699.

Mentioned by Quintinye “as long and black.”

Rhue. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 944. 1869.

Rhue’s Seedling 1.

A seedling from Pennsylvania. Fruit large, oval; suture broad, shallow; cavity deep; reddish-purple; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet, vinous; semi-clinging; good; early.

Richard Trotter. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 98. 1898.

Reported as one of the hardiest of the European varieties tested by the Experimental Farm at Ottawa, Canada.

Richland. Domestica. 1. Gard. Mon. 1:2, 154 fig. 1859. 2. Ibid. 5:18. 1863. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 944. 1869. 4. Can. Exp. Farm. Bul. 43:36. 1903.

Copper 2.

Originated on the farm of Randall Elden, Richland, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, about 1820. Tree hardy, vigorous, productive and said to be resistant to the curculio; fruit medium in size, oval; cavity small; suture a line; skin thick, bluish; dots small; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, slightly sweet; quality fair; stone large, oval, flat, clinging; mid-season; listed in the catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1875.

Riga 11. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Rpt. 111. 1887.

Imported from Russia by J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station.

Rigny. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 683. 1884. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 420. 1889.

Admiral Rigny 2. Admiral de Rigny 1. Amiral de Rigny 2. Georg IV 2. Jackson? 2.

Described as of medium size, roundish-oval; suture shallow; yellowish-green flaked and striped with darker green, with a few crimson dots on the sunny side; stem of medium length; cavity shallow; flesh yellow, tender, melting, juicy and rich; nearly freestone; early.

Rising Sun. Domestica. 1. Kenrick Am. Orch. 258. 1832.

Corse’s Rising Sun 1.

Originated by Henry Corse, Montreal, Canada. Fruit large, bright yellow, tinged with red next to the sun; good; productive.

Rivers Early. Insititia. 1. Jour. Hort. N. S. 29:177. 1875. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 695. 1884. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889. 4. Rivers Cat. 35. 1898.

Damas Précoce de Rivers 3. Rivers’ Early Damson 1, 3, 4.

Grown by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, from a seed of St. Etienne. Fruit of medium size, sweet and juicy; good.

Robert. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:15. 1901.

Robert’s Freestone 1.

Fruit of medium size, oblong, flattened; suture a line; light greenish-yellow overlaid with purplish-red; skin thick, tough; flesh moderately firm, sweet but not rich; stone nearly free.

Roby Yellow. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 944. 1869.

A seedling raised by H. R. Roby, Fredericksburg, Virginia. Tree moderately vigorous; fruit small, round; suture broad, shallow; cavity small; greenish-yellow; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Rockford. Americana. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 392. 1891. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 161 fig. 1901. 3. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 128. 1906.

Introduced in 1889 by C. G. Patten of Charles City, Iowa, who found the variety in 1871 on the farm of O. J. Green who, in turn, had brought it as a young tree from a grove near Rockford. Tree productive; fruit medium in size, roundish; cavity medium; suture shallow; skin thick, tough; dark and somewhat purplish-red; bloom thick; dots small; flesh yellow; good; stone large, oval, flattened, clinging; mid-season; listed by the American Pomological Society since 1897.

Rocky Mountain. Species? 1. Can. Hort. 15:157. 1892. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:80. 1892.

Rocky Mountain Seedling 2.

Reported in the Canadian Horticulturist as a “heavy cropper and of first quality.” Bailey mentions a “Rocky Mountain Seedling” in an unclassified list. The Rocky Mountain described by Waugh is not to be confused with these two varieties as it is undoubtedly a Sand Cherry.

Rodney. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831.

Rodney Gage 1.

Described in the London Horticultural Society catalog as large, oval, purple; quality fair; clingstone.

Rodt Blaue Zwetsche. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 365. 1895.

“A variety of little merit.”

Rodt Frühe Grosse Pflaumenzwetsche. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889.

Grosse Hâtive de Rodt.

Rognon D’Ane. Domestica. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:100. 1832.

Fruit large, oval, dark purple; mid-season; similar to Yellow Egg except in color.

Rognon de Coq. Domestica. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68. 1699. 2. Miller Gard. Dict. 3:1754. 3. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831.

Quetsche Rognon de Coq 3.

Mentioned only by the earlier writers. Fruit long; suture deep, prominent; light yellow streaked with red; clingstone; late.

Rollande Galloppi. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 944. 1869.

Fruit of medium size, long-oval, necked; suture distinct; cavity small; yellowish-green, dotted with crimson in the sun; bloom light; flesh yellowish-green, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; late.

Ronald Fancy. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 945. 1869.

Fruit of medium size, oval; suture distinct; cavity medium deep; yellow, striped with green; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sugary, vinous, sprightly; good; freestone; very late.

Roselle. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:287. 1900.

Hoffman Seedling 1.

A chance seedling grown by Ernest Hoffman, Roselle, Carroll County, Iowa, in 1892. Fruit large, roundish-oval, yellow blushed with red; sweet; semi-free; mid-season.

Ros-Pruim Double. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:62. 1771.

Similar to the Horse plum except that it is smaller.

Ross. Domestica. 1. Can. Hort. 23:438. 1900.

Ross Seedling 1.

A seedling, supposedly of Bradshaw, grown by J. T. Ross, Hamilton, Canada. Fruit of much the same appearance as Bradshaw but inferior in quality; earlier in season.

Rossy Frühe Zwetsche. Species? Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889.

Rossy’s Früh Zwetsche.

Rostrave Bell. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 945. 1869.

Originated with John D. Stephens, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish-oval; suture broad, shallow; cavity deep; reddish-purple; dots brown; flesh yellow, coarse, rather dry, vinous; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Rote Mirabelle. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 448. 1889.

Damasine Kleine Kirsch Pflaume. Mirabelle Rouge.

Rotes Zeiberl. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 448. 1889.

Rote Herbst Zeiberl 1.

Referenced by Mathieu from Wiener Garten-Zeitung 288. 1884.

Rote Zwetsche. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 448. 1889.

Rosinen Pflaume. Spitzige Rote Pflaume. Spitz Pflaume.

Rothe Jungfernpflaume. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 445. 1881.

A German variety said to be unproductive in dry soil.

Rouge Hâtive de Nitka. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 96. 1877.

Mentioned in the preceding reference as of medium size, purple, juicy, rich; good; mid-season.

Roulette. Munsoniana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:50, 86. 1892. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 142. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 188. 1901.

Rowlett 2.

Supposed to have originated in Texas. Fruit of medium size, oval; cavity small; suture a line; skin thin; bright red; dots numerous; bloom thin; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone oval, flattened, clinging; mid-season. Listed in the catalog of the American Pomological Society since 1899.

Round. Species? 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 83. 1888.

J. Webster of Centralia, Illinois, states that he received this variety from a Mr. Spears of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Of high quality; especially adapted for canning.

Round Leaf Wonderful. Domestica. 1. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 12:612. 1893.

An obscure variety found only in a few collections. Fruit of medium size, long-oval; suture a line; cavity small; dark purple; bloom thick; dots small; flesh yellow, fine-grained, tender, sweet, mild; very good; stone flattened, oval, free; mid-season.

Rowley. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:36. 1903.

Originated with Jos. Rowley, Cummings Bridge, Ontario. Tree very productive; fruit above medium size, round; suture a line; purplish-red; flesh yellow, moderately juicy, firm, sweet, rich; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Royal. Domestica. 1. Rea Flora 207. 1676. 2. Quintinye Com. Gard. 69. 1699. 3. Langley Pomona 92, Pl. XX fig. 8. 1729. 4. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:40, Tab. 191 fig. 1. 1796. 5. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 945. 1869. 6. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 438. 1889.

Die Königliche grosse Pflaume 4. French Royal 4, 5, 6. Kings Plum 1. Königspflaume 6. La Royale 5, 6. La Royal 2. Prune Royale 5, 6. Royal tres-grosse 4, 6. Royal Red 5, 6. Royal 5, 6. Royal 2. Royal Plumb 3. Royale 5. Royale 6. Sir Charles Worsley’s 3, 5, 6. Wahre Königspflaume 6.

Royal is an Old World variety supposed to have originated in France. Tree a slow grower; top bushy; shoots pubescent; fruit medium in size, roundish; suture distinct; cavity narrow; reddish-purple; dots small, brownish; bloom thick; flesh yellow, melting, juicy, rich, subacid; quality very good; stone small, roundish, pointed, free; mid-season.

Royal Bullace. Insititia. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 689. 1884.

Royal Bullace is the largest of the Bullaces. Fruit round; suture faint; cavity wide, deep; stem short, slender; greenish-yellow, mottled with red; bloom thin; flesh green, sprightly; good; freestone; late.

Royal Dauphine. Domestica. 1. Miller Gard. Kal. 184. 1734. 2. Forsyth Treat. Fr. Trees 21. 1803.

Royal Dauphin 2. Royale Dauphin 1.

Fruit large, oval, dark red shading to light red, mottled; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, sweet; good; freestone; mid-season.

Royal de Braunac. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 2nd App. 157. 1876.

Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture very slight; light red with dark purple blush; dots numerous, brown; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, rather firm, juicy, rich; clingstone; mid-season.

Royale de Behrens. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 422. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 365. 1895.

Behren’s Königspflaume 1. Behrens Königspflaume 2. Royale de Behrens 1.

Listed in the preceding references.

Royale de Siebenfreud. Domestica? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 450. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 158, 365. 1895.

Royale de Siebenfreund 1. Siebenfreund’s Königspflaume 1. Siebenfreud’s Königspflaume 2.

Grown by Liegel and named by him in honor of M. Siebenfreud, of Tyrnau, Hungary. Fruit large, long-oval, brownish-red; flesh pale yellow, juicy; good; mid-season.

Royale Hâtive de Liegel. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 420. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889. 3. Guide Prat. 163, 365. 1895.

Frühe Königspflaume 2. Frühe Königspflaume 3. Königspflaume Frühe 1. Rouge de Liegel 2. Royale Hâtive de Liegel 2. Royale Hâtive 2.

Similar to the Royal Hâtive but inferior in quality.

Royale Violette de Keindl. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 437. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 157, 365. 1895.

Keindl’s Violette Königspflaume 2. Keindt’s Violette Königspflaume 1. Royale Violette de Keindt 1.

Originated by Liegel and named after Mr. Keindl, a German pomologist. Fruit large, oval, violet; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy; good; early.

Royal Pea. Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth Treat. Fr. Trees 21. 1803.

Royer Aprikosen Pflaume. Domestica. Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 449. 1889.

Abricotée de Royer. Prune-Abricot de Royer.

Ruben Burgunder Zwetsche. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 449. 1889.

Ruby. Domestica. 1. Gard. and For. 7:243. 1894.

Charles H. Shinn of Berkeley, California, describes this variety as a dark red prune coming from Lake County, California.

Ruby. Triflora × Munsoniana. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 46. 1895. 2. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:228. 1899. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 224. 1901.

Originated by J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina, from seed of Abundance pollinated with Wild Goose; fruit borne in 1894. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture faint; dark, wine-red; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, slightly fibrous, sweet, rich; good; clingstone.

Ruby. Munsoniana. 1. Orchard Home Nur. Cat. 7. 1891. 2. Terry Cat. 8. 1900.

A seedling of Wild Goose introduced by L. T. Sanders of the Orchard Home Nursery, Plain Dealing, Louisiana, in 1891. Fruit slightly smaller than the parent, round, red with small dots; flesh solid; good; a good shipper.

Rudolph. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 438. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 449. 1889.

Frankfurter Pflaume 2. Rudolphspflaume 1. Rudolph Pflaume 2.

In Germany considered valuable for dessert, compotes and market. Tree quick in growth, large; shoots almost glabrous, dark brownish-red; fruit large, of prune shape; suture shallow; halves usually equal; stem hairy; cavity shallow; skin easily removed, yellow often flecked with red, sometimes reddish; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, sprightly; nearly freestone; mid-season.

Rue. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:288. 1900. 2. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 300. 1903. 3. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:34. 1905.

J. B. Rue 1, 2, 3.

Originated with J. B. Rue, Pottawattamie County, Iowa; distributed by Professor J. L. Budd. The fruit closely resembles Stoddard except in the stone, that of the latter being large and flat, while that of the former is small and round.

Ruff Choice. Domestica. 1. Tex. Sta. Bul. 32:484. 1894.

Under test at the Texas Experiment Station.

Ruff Spanish. Species? 1. Tex. Sta. Bul. 32:490. 1894.

Under test at the Texas Experiment Station.

Russian Mirabelle. Insititia. 1. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 324. 1903.

Described by Budd and Hansen as a Russian plum; hardier than the Mirabelle of western Europe and differing in tree and fruit. Fruit small, roundish-oblate, bright yellow; suture indistinct to distinct at the apex; cavity narrow; stem medium in length and thickness; flesh yellow, juicy, rich; quality best; freestone.

Russian No. 2. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Rpt. 111. 1887. 2. Colo. Sta. Bul. 50:45. 1898.

Imported from Russia. Fruit of medium size, irregular in shape; suture a line; deep purple with heavy bloom; flesh firm, subacid; quality fair; freestone.

Russian No. 3. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Rpt. 111. 1887. 2. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:35. 1905.

Said to be unproductive and not hardy.

Sada. Americana mollis. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:59. 1897. 2. Ibid. 87:15. 1901. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 163. 1901.

A seedling of Van Buren grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1893. Fruit large, round; suture a line; cavity shallow; red over a yellow ground with many conspicuous dots; skin thick, tough, astringent; flesh dark yellow, mushy; quality fair; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Saffold. Species? 1. Am. Gard. 14:51. 1893. 2. Bailey Ev. Nat. Fruits 175. 1898.

A variety brought into Texas from Alabama about 1853 by General Saffold of Sequin, Texas, where for years it was the only cultivated plum. Although inferior to later introductions, it is excellent for preserves and still retains a place among Texan varieties.

Sagetsuna. Triflora. 1. Normand Sp. Cir. 1895. 2. Kerr Cat. 8. 1901. 3. Ga. Sta. Bul. 68:6, 33. 1905.

Sagetsuma 3. Wasse Botankyo 2.

A variety imported from Japan by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana. In 1901, J. W. Kerr fruited Sagetsuna and Wasse Botankyo and found them identical. Tree vigorous with straggling habit; fruit large, conic, red over a yellow ground, with numerous dots; flesh yellow, firm; good; clingstone; earlier than Abundance.

St. Anne. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 40. 1899.

Bonne St. Ann 1.

Originated in Vermont; catalogued by the American Pomological Society in 1899 and 1901. Fruit blue; good.

Saint Antoine. Domestica. 1. Traité Prat. Sech. Fruits 172. 1893.

Prune de Bordeaux 1.

A plum found in the neighborhood of Gironde, France. The prunes from this variety are know as Prunes de Bordeaux. The fruits are less esteemed than those of the Agen.

Saint Antonio. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 153. 1831.

St. Aubert. Domestica. 1. Gard. Chron. 36:1205. 1873. 2. Guide Prat. 157, 365. 1895.

Saint Aubert 2.

Of Belgian origin; resembles Golden Drop but is a month earlier and is superior in quality and productiveness; fruit oval, rounded at both ends, greenish spotted and marked with a crimson blush; color and flavor of the flesh like Reine Claude.

Sainte Therese. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 449. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 160, 365. 1895.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, long-oval, reddish-purple; flesh fine-grained; good; clingstone; mid-season.

St. Etienne. Insititia. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 381. 1866. 2. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 431. 1881. 3. Gard. Chron. 24:187. 1885. 4. Guide Prat. 160, 365. 1895. 5. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 480. 1904.

Mamelonnee? 4. Pflaume von St. Etienne 4. Pflaume von St. Etienne 2.

Tree vigorous; fruit globular or frequently roundish-oval; suture distinct dividing the sides equally; stem medium; cavity narrow; skin not adherent; yellow blushed and spotted with red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, tender, melting, juicy, sweet with a fine flavor; stone small; free; early.

St. James. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831. 2. Mag. Hort. 9:165. 1843. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 311. 1845.

St. James’ Quetsche 1, 2, 3.

A strain of the German Prune; tree very productive; fruit of medium size, oblong, purple; good; clingstone; mid-season.

St. John. Domestica. 1. Willich Dom. Enc. 4:195. 1803. 2. Horticulturist 3:396. 1848. 3. Elliott Fr. Book 429. 1854.

Prune de St. Jean 3. Prune de St. Jean 2.

A foreign variety of unknown origin. Tree very productive; fruit of medium size, round, purplish-blue; flesh greenish-yellow; early.

St. Lawrence. Domestica. 1. Mich. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 38. 1874. 2. Barry Fr. Garden 416. 1883. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 122. 1901.

A seedling of Smith Orleans grown on the grounds of Ellwanger & Barry, Rochester, New York. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit variable in size, averages medium, roundish-oval; cavity deep, rounded; stem short; suture shallow; dark reddish-purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, juicy, melting, sweet; quality poor to fair; clingstone; mid-season.

Saint Martin Quetsche. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 152. 1831. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 283. 1845. 3. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 55. 1852. 4. Elliott Fr. Book 414. 1854. 5. Mas Le Verger 6:49. 1866-73.

Coe’s Late Red 5. Prune Violette D’Octobre 5. Rouge Tardive De Coe 5. Saint-Martin 5. Saint Martin’s 4. Saint Martin’s Quetsche 4. Violette October Pflaume 5.

Of German origin; introduced into this country during the second quarter of the Nineteenth Century. Fruit of medium size, ovate, yellow, sometimes blushed; covered with a thin bloom; flesh yellowish, juicy, rich; good; late; fruit hangs to the tree long after maturity.