Chapter IV · THE MINOR VARIETIES OF PLUMS (continued 2)

Mentioned by Forsyth in the preceding reference. It may be the same as Précoce de Tours, but we have no proof.

Damas Rouge de Biondeck. Domestica. 1. Baltet Cult. Fr. 490. 1908.

Mentioned by a French writer as early and good.

Damas Rouge Hatif. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 448. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 354. 1895.

Damas Rouge Hâtif 1. Haferkrieche 1, 2. Rote Früh Damascene 1. Rothe Früh Damascene 2.

A variety of little merit.

Damatie Rouge. Domestica. Listed in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 145. 1831.

Damson Royal. Insititia. 1. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 282. 1846.

Described in the preceding reference as similar to “Prune Damson,” but larger.

Damas Violet. Domestica. 1. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:70. 1768. 2. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:44, Tab. 199 fig. 1. 1796. 3. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68. 1699. 4. Willich Dom. Enc. 180. 1803. 5. Mag. Hort. 9:163. 1843. 6. Poiteau Pom. Franc. 1:1846. 7. Hogg Fruit Man. 729. 1884.

Damas Violet 2, 4, 7. Damas Violet Tardif ?5. Die veilchenfarbige Damascenerpflaume 2. Ladies’ Plum 4. Long Violet Damask 3. Prune Gros-Damas Violet 6. Violet Damask 7.

An old variety of unknown origin concerning which there has been much confusion. Parkinson, in 1629, and a few later writers have made it synonymous to Queen Mother, but it differs from this variety in that Damas Violet has pubescent shoots and oval fruit, while the Queen Mother has glabrous shoots and round fruit. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, purple; flesh yellow, firm, sweet and briskly flavored, separates from the stone; season early.

Damson Riley. Insititia. 1. Stark Cat. 29. 1910.

A variety from Ohio said to have been grown for about twenty years. Introduced by Stark Brothers, Louisiana, Missouri, in 1910.

Dana Yellow Gage. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 275. 1845. 2. Cole Am. Fr. Book. 215. 1849. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:109. 1873.

Dana’s Gage 2. Dana’s Yellow Gage 3. Reine-Claude Jaune De Dana 3.

Dana Yellow Gage was raised by a Rev. Mr. Dana of Ipswich, Massachusetts. Fruit of medium size, oval, pale yellow; bloom thin; flesh sweet, juicy, clingstone; mid-season.

Daniel Weeping. Species? 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:10. 1898.

A hybrid which originated with a Dr. Daniel in Louisiana; introduced by J. L. Normand. Tree bushy, spreading and drooping; leaves thick and tough, ovate, acutely pointed, glandular.

Danish Damson. Insititia. 1. Kerr Cat. 25. 1897. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:266. 1900. 3. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 310. 1903. 4. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:15 1905.

Kreger 1. Kreger 2. Krueger 3.

H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota, imported this variety in the spring of 1884 and introduced it a few years later. It seems to be grown only in Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota and adjoining states, being practically unknown in the East. Fruit small, roundish, dark blue; good; freestone; mid-season.

Darst. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 11:112. 1845.

A seedling originated at Dayton, Ohio, in the garden of a Mr. Darst. Fruit medium in size, of excellent quality.

Date. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 575, 576. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 208. 1676. 3. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68, 69. 1699. 4. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:113. 1768. 5. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 908. 1869. 6. Koch Deut. Obst. 560. 1876.

Date Plum 5. Dattelpflaumen 6. Dattelzwetsche 5. D’Autriche 5. Great Date 3. Ienua 1. Prune Datte 4. Prune Datte 5. Prune d’Autriche 5. Quetsche Datte 5. Quetsche de Hongrie 5. White Date 2. White Date Plum 1. Yellow Date 2.

During the four centuries in which this variety has been cultivated in Europe numerous strains have arisen which have been designated by the general term Dattelpflaumen. The group is characterized by roundish or oval fruits, yellow or greenish in color, sometimes marked with red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, soft; poor in quality; clingstone; mid-season or later. The original variety is probably obsolete.

Datilles. Domestica. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68, 70. 1699.

Little Date 1. Little Date 1.

A long-shaped red plum, mentioned by Quintinye, which has either disappeared or is now grown under a different name.

Datte Hongroise Jaune. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 159, 354. 1895.

This variety was sent into France by M. Bereczki Mate, of Hungary. The tree is vigorous, productive; fruit large, long, greenish-yellow dotted with red; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; good; mid-season.

Dauphine. Domestica. 1. Poiteau Pom. Franc. 1:1846.

Prune Dauphine 1.

Poiteau says, “Duhamel regarded as synonyms the names Reine Claude and Dauphine. Since then a new plum has been shown, and I know not who named it Dauphine; but it is under this name that it has been introduced and cultivated in the nursery of the Jardin des Plantes and of Luxembourg.”

Davenport. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:268. 1900. 2. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 295. 1903.

A seedling grown by N. K. Fluke, Davenport, Iowa, from seed of De Soto. Fruit medium in size, oval, sometimes conical; suture a line; skin smooth, clear yellow with pink blush on the sunny side; flesh yellow, firm, sugary; very good; freestone.

Davies Seedling. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 146. 1831.

Davies’ Seedling.

Davis. Munsoniana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:35. 1897. 2. Terry Cat. 1900.

A variety grown from seed of Wild Goose in 1885 by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Tree low, spreading, vigorous and productive; fruit large, bright red; quality fair.

Dawson. Species? 1. Gard. Mon. 17:144. 1875.

At one time a profitable variety grown on the banks of the Ohio.

Dawson City. Nigra? 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory, Canada. Fruit of medium size.

Dean. Domestica. 1. McIntosh Bk. Gard. 2:530. 1855.

Dean’s Jedburgh Seedling 1.

A seedling grown at Dean’s nursery, Jedburgh, England. Fruit of medium size, round, purple; freestone; adapted for dessert or kitchen; mid-season.

Deaton. Domestica. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:268. 1900. 2. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 310. 1903.

Tobe’s Gage 2.

Grown from a sprout of Reine Claude planted near Des Moines; introduced by J. Wragg & Sons, Waukee, Iowa. Fruit medium in size, oval, truncate; suture broad and shallow; skin greenish-yellow; dots small, numerous; bloom thin; flesh greenish, firm, juicy; good; clingstone.

Deck. Insititia. 1. Wild Bros. Cat. 1908-09.

Decks Damson 1.

An improved strain of Damson introduced by Wild Brothers, Sarcoxie, Missouri.

Decker. Hortulana mineri. 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 401. 1896. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 172. 1901.

Decker’s Late Seedling 1. Decker’s Seedling 2.

A seedling raised about 1885 by H. C. Decker of Dresbach, Minnesota, from pits of a variety substituted for German Prune; introduced by W. S. Widmoyer of the same place about 1897. Fruit medium to large, conical; suture distinct; red; dots many, yellowish; flesh yellow; flavor rich; nearly free; mid-season.

Deep Creek. Americana. 1. Mich. Board Agr. Rpt. 111. 1887. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:37, 86. 1892. 3. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:254, 255. 1905.

Deepcreek 3.

Found growing wild in Kansas; introduced by Abner Allen. Tree slow and irregular in growth; branches thorny; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, compressed; suture distinct; cavity small; stem short; dull red; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; good; stone rough, pointed, free; mid-season; of little value.

De Delice. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 360. 1857. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:55. 1900.

Prune de Délices 2.

Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture small; green, marbled and shaded with violet; bloom thin; flesh orange yellow, juicy, sugary, luscious; slightly clinging; late.

Defresne. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 158, 354. 1895.

A Belgian variety both vigorous and productive; fruit large, long, purplish; flesh greenish; good; mid-season.

De Gondin. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:91. 1873.

Grown by M. Vaubernier of Laval, Mayenne, and introduced in 1862 by M. M. Bruant & Company, nurserymen at Poiters, France. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit very large, roundish; suture disappearing at maturity; dark purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, tender, juicy; freestone.

De la Toussaint. Species? 1. Guide Prat. 162, 354. 1895.

A very late and long keeping variety.

Delaware. Triflora. 1. Burbank Cat. 18. 1893. 2. Rural N. Y. 59:642. 1900. 3. Ibid. 60:694. 1901. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 134. 1901.

Burbank produced this variety by crossing Satsuma with Kelsey; first offered for sale in 1893; disseminated in the East by J. L. Childs, Floral Park, New York. Tree semi-dwarf, productive but comes into bearing late; fruit of medium size, roundish-conical, dark purple, with thick bloom; flesh red, juicy, sweet and rich; good; stone clinging; mid-season.

De l’Inde. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 6:561. 1851.

Described by Baptiste Desportes of Angers, France, in 1851. Tree vigorous; branches long, upright; fruit large, obovate, violet-reddish; dots gray and blue; flesh reddish-yellow, firm, juicy, melting; quality fair.

De Montfort. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 12:341. 1846. 2. Pom. France 2: No. 3. 1871. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 713. 1884. 4. Lucas Vollst. Hand. Obst. 470. 1894.

Montfort Pflaume 4. Prune de Montfort 2.

Originated in the nurseries of Madame Ebert, Montfortin, France; named and introduced by M. Prevost, Rouen, France. Tree vigorous, spreading, productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture distinct; cavity shallow; dark purple, with russet dots; flesh green, juicy, sweet, rich; good; freestone; mid-season. Mentioned in the American Pomological Society’s Catalog from 1877-1897.

De Montmirail. Domestica? 1. Guide Prat. 158, 354. 1895.

Tree of moderate vigor, productive; fruit medium in size, long-oval; yellow lightly blushed with red; flesh yellow; good; early.

Denbigh. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 147. 1831. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 357. 1866. 3. Gaucher Pom. Prak. Obst. No. 92. 1894. 4. Bartrum Pears and Plums, 65, 71. 1903.

Cox’s Emperor 2, 3. Cox’s Emperor 4. Denbigk 3. Denbigh-Pflaume 3. Denbigh Seedling 4. Emperor 1. Jemmy Moore 4.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish-oval, bright red to reddish-brown; flesh golden-yellow, sweet, melting, pleasant flavor; freestone; mid-season.

Dennis. Americana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:79. 1892. 2. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 276. 1893. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 147. 1901.

Dr. Dennis 1, 2. Dr. Dennis 3.

Originated with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, supposedly from seed of Hawkeye; first fruited in 1891. Fruit round to slightly oblong, medium in size; suture a line; bright red; dots many, minute, white; flesh yellow; good; clingstone; early.

Dennis Seedling No. 13. Hortulana mineri.

Grown at the Iowa Experiment Station. The fruit is of medium size, roundish, dark red; dots conspicuous; suture a line; skin thick, tough; flesh firm, juicy, tender, sweetish; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Denniston Red. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 296. 1845. 2. Mag. Hort. 13:532. 1847. 3. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 337. 1849. 4. Mas Le Verger 6:133. 1866-73. 5. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Denniston’s Red 1. Denniston’s Red 5. Dennison’s Red 5. Denniston’s Rote Pflaume 5. Rouge de Denniston 4, 5.

Grown by Isaac Denniston of Albany, New York. The parentage is not known but Thomas thinks it is a seedling of Lombard. Fruit large, roundish-oval; suture distinct; cavity small; light red with yellow dots; bloom thin; flesh amber, juicy, rich, sprightly; good; stone small, oval, compressed, free; mid-season.

Denniston Superb. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 275. 1845. 2. Mas Le Verger 6:121. 1866-73. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889. 4. Bartrum Pears and Plums 63. 1903.

Dennison’s Superb 3. Denniston’s Superb 2. Denniston’s Superb Gage 4. Madison 3. Superbe de Denniston 2, 3.

Grown by Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York, about 1835 or 1840. Fruit round, larger than Reine Claude of which it is probably a seedling, slightly flattened; suture distinct; cavity shallow; stem of medium length; pale yellow, blotched with red; bloom thin; flesh thick, meaty, moderately juicy, with a rich, vinous flavor; very good; stone small, roundish, thick, free; mid-season; catalogued by the American Pomological Society from 1877 to 1899.

D’Ente Imperiale. Domestica. 1. Guide Prat. 160, 355. 1895.

A variety closely resembling the Agen except that it is more vigorous in tree growth.

Denton. Angustifolia varians. 1. Gard. Mon. 13:279. 1871.

A variety introduced many years ago by J. W. Kerr; it closely resembles Yellow Transparent, but is a much smaller tree.

Derbyshire Green Gage. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831.

Deron. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 146. 1831.

Deron’s.

De Seigneur. Species? 1. Guide Prat. 161, 355. 1895.

De Prince (en Lorraine) 1.

Tree productive; fruit small, roundish, bluish; bloom heavy; flesh green, fine-grained, juicy, sweet; good; late.

Des Moines. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 147. 1901.

Originated in Iowa. Fruit small, round-oval; suture a line; dull red over yellow; dots many, minute; flesh yellow; quality poor; stone small, semi-free; mid-season.

Dewey. Americana. 1. Terry Cat. 1900. 2. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 136. 1903.

Admiral Dewey 1, 2.

A seedling of De Soto grown by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa. Fruit large, round, dark red on an orange ground; clingstone; tree productive.

Diademe Imperial-Isabelle. Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Diamond. Americana. 1. Neb. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 121. 1890.

A seedling grown by John A. Hogg, Shelton, Nebraska, about 1880 from pits of a wild plum found in Buffalo County, Nebraska. According to Mr. Hogg, the variety “grows fully as large as most of the tame varieties; ripens the last of September and when fully ripe gets bright red on one side.”

Diana. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:35. 1897. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:268. 1900.

A plum of the Van Buren type grown from a seed of Hawkeye by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1893. Tree large, vigorous, upright-spreading; fruit truncate, conical or oval; suture distinct; cavity small, shallow; stem short, stout; yellow, washed and spotted with purple-red; dots indistinct; bloom thin; skin thick and tough; flesh yellow, meaty, sweet and rich; good; stone large, flat, oval, clinging; mid-season.

Diapree Blanche. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 578. 1629. 2. Langley Pomona 95, Pl. XXIV fig. IV. 1729. 3. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:104, Pl. XX fig. 11. 1768. 4. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:44, Tab. 198 fig. 2. 1796. 5. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:500. 1860. 6. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 405. 1881.

Diaper’d Plumb 2. Diaprée Blanche 4. Diaprée Weisse 6. Die Weisse Buntfarbige Pflaume 4. Prune Diaprée Blanche 5. White Diapred 1. Yellow Diaprée 2.

This plum has been mentioned by European writers for three centuries. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture a line; cavity nearly lacking; skin tough; yellow; bloom thin; flesh firm, yellow, sweet, rich; quality good; mid-season.

Diapree Nouvelle De Kook. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:155. 1873. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 438. 1889.

Kook’s Gelbe Diaprée 2. Kooks Neue Diapre 1. Kook’s Neue Diaprée 2.

This plum originated as a second generation seedling with a Mr. Kook of New Brauenfels, Texas, and was named by Liegel to whom he submitted the variety. The fruit is small, oval; cavity small; skin clear yellow; flesh yellow, tender, aromatic; quality good; stone free; season early.

Dictator. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 6:92. 1840. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 403. 1857. 3. Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt. 55. 1878.

Corse’s Dictator 3.

A seedling raised by Henry Corse of Montreal about 1834. Tree hardy, vigorous; fruit large, brownish-purple; flesh juicy, rich; good; stone small.

Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene. Insititia? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Ak Erik 1. Al Erik 1. Dschau Erik 1. Frühe Weisse Aprikosenpflaume 1. Gros-Damas Blanc.

Mentioned without description in the preceding reference.

Dine. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576. 1629.

Fruit large, white; dots numerous; late.

Dittisham. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 146. 1831.

Mentioned as cultivated in the London Horticultural Society Gardens.

Dixie. Triflora. 1. Horticultural Gleaner 1899.

Grown about 1894 in the vicinity of Whitesville, Georgia, from seed of Burbank, open to cross pollination. Fruit the size of Burbank, bright red; flesh juicy; good; late.

Dixie. Triflora. 1. Hood Cat. 1906.

An early Triflora variety.

Dochnahl Damascene. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 444. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Dochnahl’s Königs Pflaume 2.

As tested in Germany, very unproductive.

Dojene. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:57. 1771.

Origin unknown. Tree productive; fruit large, oval; yellow; flesh watery; poor; stone clinging.

Dollaner. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 445. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Dollaner Zwetsche 2. Quetsche de Dollan 2.

A variety imported from France by the United States Department of Agriculture. Reported by Oberdieck as “a prune which has borne little fruit since 1856.”

Domina. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Domino 1.

Reference found by Mathieu in Monatsschrift für Pomologie 7. 1858.

Domine Dull. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 146. 1831. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 296. 1845. 3. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 302, 383. 1846.

Domine Dull’s 1. Domine Dull’s Plum 3. Dutch Prune 2. Dutch Quetszen 2, 3. German Prune 2, 3.

Mr. Dull, a Dutch domine, brought a prune seed from Holland and planted it in Kingston, New York. From this seed sprang the Domine Dull, a variety often confused with the German Prune. Fruit of medium size, long-oval; suture slight; stem long; cavity small; dark purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, rich, sweet; good; clingstone; late. Mentioned in the Catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1867.

Don. Americana mollis. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 43:30. 1903.

A seedling of Wolf raised at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Fruit large, roundish; suture a line; uniformly bright red; dots numerous, small, distinct; bloom moderate; flesh deep yellow, juicy; sweet, rich; good; stone of medium size, oval, clinging; late.

Don Alteza. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576. 1629.

According to Parkinson “a very good sort.”

Don Carlos. Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth Treat. Fr. Trees 21. 1803.

Don Carlos’.

Dora. Triflora × Munsoniana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 14:270. 1901.

A seedling from A. L. Bruce, Texas, said to be a cross between Abundance and Wild Goose. Fruit medium to large, cordate; suture faint; skin tender, bright red; dots minute; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, rich; good; stone small, oval, clinging.

Doree. Domestica. 1. Mas Le Verger 6:145. 1866-73.

D’Agen Dorée 1.

Found by Léo d’Ounous in an orchard planted by his father in Ariége, France; published for the first time by Mas in Le Verger. Tree vigorous; fruit medium, ovoid; suture shallow; skin tender, not adherent, golden-yellow tinged with rose-violet; stem slender, rather short; cavity shallow; flesh yellow, fine, juicy, very agreeably aromatic.

Dorell. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 393. 1857. 2. Ann. Pom. Belge 8:35, Pl. 1860. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 374. 1866. 4. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:27. 1873. 5. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 409. 1881. 6. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889. 7. Lucas Vollst. Hand. Obst. 473. 1894.

Dorrel 2. Dorells Grosse Zwetsche 4. Dorelle’s Neue Grosse Zwetsche 3, 6. Dorell’s Neue Purpurzwetsche 5. Dorelle’s New Purple Prune 6. Dorells Neue Grosse Zwetsche 4, 6. Dorells grosse neue Zwetsche 7. Grosse Quetsche De Dorell 4. Grosse Quetsche Nouvelle 6. Nouvelle de Dorelle 3. Nouvelle De Dorrel 6. Nouveau De Dorrelle 6. Prune Grosse Quetsche Nouvelle 2. Prune nouvelle de Dorrel 2. Quetsche De Dorelle 6. Quetsche De Dorelle Nouvelle Grand 1. Quetsche Grosse Nouvelle De Dorrel 6. Quetsche De Dorelle Nouvelle Grande 6.

A seedling raised by Dr. Dorell, of Kuttenberg, Bohemia. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, oval; suture wide but shallow; cavity small; stem smooth, reddish; skin reddish-violet, marked with numerous russet dots; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet, aromatic, agreeable; good for drying; late mid-season.

Dorell Aprikosenpflaume. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 427. 1889.

Abricotée Nouvelle de Dörell. Dorell’s Neue Aprikosen Pflaume. Mirabelle de Doerell.

Doris. Species? 1. Watkins & Bros. Cat. 20. 1897-8. 2. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 14:271. 1901. 3. Mass. Sta. An. Rpt. 17:161. 1905.

A variety of doubtful parentage from Burbank; introduced by Stark Brothers in 1895. Fruit small, roundish-oblate; suture faint; light red; dots numerous; flesh yellow, watery; quality poor.

Dorr. Domestica. 1. Cultivator 8:346. 1851. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 909. 1869.

Dorr’s Favorite 1, 2.

A Reine Claude seedling grown by either Isaac Denniston or Elisha Dorr, both of Albany, New York. Fruit large, oval; suture broad; cavity small; apex sunken; yellow with red dots; bloom thin; flesh yellow, coarse, juicy; good; clingstone; late.

Dorr Seedling. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Semis de Dorr 1.

This may be identical with Dorr.

Dorsett. Munsoniana. 1. Meneray Cat.

A chance seedling from H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; introduced by F. W. Meneray of Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, yellow blotched with red; skin thin; good; clingstone; early.

Dosch. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 150. 1895. 2. Oregon Sta. Bul. 40:73. 1896. 3. Ibid. 45:30. 1897. 4. Washington Cat. 22. 1906. 5. Chico Nur. Co. Cat. 25. 1909. 6. Oregon Cat. 35. 1906.

The Dosch 2.

The Dosch prune grew on the farm of Henry E. Dosch, Hillsdale, Oregon, from a sprout below the union on a Washington plum tree grafted on plum roots. Tree vigorous, round-topped, prolific, similar to Italian; fruit large, roundish-oval; apex flattened, base acute; suture shallow; stem medium; skin firm; dark purple; flesh greenish, firm, sweet; good; freestone.

Double. Domestica. 1. Knoop Fructologie 2:60. 1771.

Prune de Double 1.

Double differs from Paisin Blanche in that it is a little larger, less yellow in color, and poorer in flavor.

Double Plum. Domestica. 1. Can. Hort. 16:193 fig. 541. 1893.

A novelty growing in the gardens of Chernigow, Russia, in which the fruit consists of two plums joined together, but easily separated at maturity; fruit bluish-red, sometimes yellow; flesh orange colored, sweet, juicy; quality fair; two stones, clinging.

Dougall Best. Domestica. 1. Rural N. Y. 43:779. 1884.

Dougall’s Best 1.

A chance seedling raised by James Dougall of Windsor, Canada. Tree productive; fruit oblong, tapering to the stalk; suture distinct; clear yellow, touched with carmine toward the sun; good; stone partially free.

Douglass. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

Grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Harrison; introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, oblong, yellow blushed with red; flesh yellow, sweet, rich, firm; semi-clinging.

Dove Bank. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 358. 1866. 2. Garden 53:265. 1898.

Caledonian 2 incor.

Hogg could see no difference between this variety and the Goliath, but H. A. Pearson in the Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society, for 1897, says that they are distinct. Pearson adds, further; “The true variety was grown and distributed by Spencer, of Ilkeston, ... and is said to have been found growing on the banks of the Derbyshire Dove; it differs from Caledonian (Goliath) in growth, and whereas the leaf glands of that variety are well developed and red in color, Dove Bank has small ill-developed glands of a pale color; with regard to the fruit there is no comparison between the two. Caledonian is a somewhat coarse cooking plum. Dove Bank is a splendid cooking plum, and good enough for dessert.”

Downing Early. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 910. 1869.

Downing’s Early 1.

Originated at Newburgh, New York. Tree moderately vigorous; branches short-jointed; fruit medium, oval, yellow with slight blush, and crimson dots; flesh yellow, sweet, slightly adherent to the stone; good; mid-season.

Downton Imperatrice. Domestica. 1. Kenrick Am. Orch. 259. 1832. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 274. 1845. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 358. 1866. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Downton Impératrice 4. Downton’s Kaiserin 4. Downtoner Kaiserin 4.

Grown by the famous horticulturist, Thomas A. Knight, from pits produced by pollinating Yellow Egg with Blue Imperatrice. Fruit medium, oval; suture slightly marked; skin thin, tender, pale yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, melting, agreeably subacid; good for preserving; stone clinging; late.

Drake Seedling. Domestica. 1. Can. Hort. 24:406. 1901.

Drake’s Seedling 1.

A seedling raised in the orchard of George Drake, Clarksburg, Ontario. Skin yellow, dull red on the sunny side; flesh yellow; a good cooking plum.

Drouth King. Munsoniana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 194. 1901.

Of unknown origin. Fruit small, oval, bright red; dots many, conspicuous; flesh yellow; good; stone of medium size, oval, clinging; mid-season.

Dr. Uff. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 118:51. 1895. 2. Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul. 27:14. 1904.

Imported by the United States Department of Agriculture from Hungary. Fruit medium to large, roundish-ovate, dark purple; bloom light; flesh medium firm, juicy, yellow; good; clingstone; early.

Dr. Uff Szilvaja. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 152:209. 1898.

Imported from Hungary as Dr. Uff but it differs markedly from this variety. Fruit small to medium, roundish-oblong; skin greenish-yellow with a faint red tinge; stem one-half inch long; flesh greenish-yellow, tender, juicy, sweet, rich; good; freestone.

Dry Seedling. Domestica. 1. Gard. Chron. 29:898. 1869. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 698. 1884. 3. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d. Ser. 3:51. 1900. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Dry’s Seedling 1, 2. Semis de Dry 2.

A seedling raised by a Mr. Dry, at Hayes, Middlesex, England; awarded a first class certificate by the Royal Horticultural Society in 1869. Fruit large, roundish-oval; suture slight; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh dull greenish-yellow, firm yet juicy; freestone; early.

Duke. Munsoniana ×? 1. Kerr Cat. 1900. 2. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 14:271. 1901.

A supposed cross between Pottawattamie and the Duke Cherry, originating with Theodore Williams, Nebraska. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit larger than Wild Goose, of nearly the same form; cavity narrow, deep; suture a line; bright red; flesh yellow, firm, mild subacid; clingstone; mid-season. Waugh states that this variety resembles a Wild Goose crossed with an Americana and that he is unable to detect any cherry characters.

Duke of Devonshire. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 146. 1831.

Duke of Edinburgh. Domestica. 1. Jour. Hort. 21:216. 1869. 2. Flor. & Pom. 7:193. 1871. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 698. 1884. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889. Duc d’Edinbourg 4.

A variety raised by a Mr. Dry, Hayes, Middlesex, England. Fruit large, roundish-obovate; suture shallow; skin thin, light purple; flesh reddish-yellow, juicy, richly flavored; freestone; good culinary plum.

Dumberline. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 146. 1831.

A variety under test in the London Horticultural Society Gardens in 1831.

Dummer. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 698. 1884.

Raised in 1837 by a Mr. Dummer at Canterbury, England. Fruit large, red; like Red Magnum Bonum.

Dumiron. Domestica. 1. Cal. Nurs. Co. Cat. 11. 1897.

Imported from Transon Bros., Orleans, France, by the late John Rock of California; not introduced.

Dunkelblaue Kaiserin. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Violette Kaiserin incor.

Dunlap. Hortulana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:79. 1892. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:36. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 185. 1901.

Dunlap No. 2 3. Dunlap’s No. 2 2.

Originated and introduced by J. P. Dunlap of Nebraska. Fruit large, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; surface smooth, glossy, bright red; dots many; bloom thin; flesh yellow, soft, juicy, sweet, rich; good; clingstone; mid-season; reported in the catalog of the American Pomological Society for 1899.

Dunlap No. 1. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:36. 1897. 2. Ibid. 87:13. 1900. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 148. 1901.

Dunlap 2. Dunlap (No. 1) 3. Dunlap’s No. 1 1.

Another variety produced by J. P. Dunlap of Nebraska. Fruit medium in size, oblong; suture a line; greenish-yellow covered with dull purplish-red; bloom heavy; flesh tender, juicy, rich, sweet; freestone.

Dunlop Nut. Americana. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 305. 1893.

A hardy variety tested at the Experimental Farm at Ottawa.

Dunmore. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 9:163. 1843. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 380. 1857. 3. Hogg Fr. Man. 359. 1866. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Dunmore 4.

Fruit medium in size, oval; skin thick, greenish-yellow becoming golden; stem half an inch long; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet; good; freestone; late.

Durazen Zwetsche. Domestica? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Reference taken by Mathieu from the Pomologische Monatshefte 2. 1882.

Eagle. Angustifolia varians. 1. Kerr Cat. 1902-3. 2. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:254, 255. 1905.

Originated in Texas; tree low, spreading; fruit of medium size, round; suture slight; skin light red; flesh yellow; good; stone clinging; early.

Early. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 61. 1887.

Skorospielka 1.

From Russia.

Early Amber. Domestica. 1. Forsyth Treat. Fr. Trees 21. 1803. 2. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 297. 1846.

Fruit small, roundish-oblong, pale greenish-yellow with crimson specks; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; stone clinging; early.

Early Apricot. Domestica. 1. Prince Pom. Man. 2:70. 1832. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:21. 1873. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Abricotée Hâtive 1, 3. Abricotée Hâtive 2. Abricote Hâtif 1. Abricotée Précoce 3. Early Apricot Plum 1. Frühe Aprikosenpflaume 2. Frühe Aprikosenpflaume 3. Oberdiecks Frühe Aprikosenpflaume 2, 3.

The fruit of Early Apricot is small, roundish; suture shallow; cavity distinct; pale red, darker in the sun; dots small, numerous; flesh yellowish-green, slightly juicy, firm; quality fair; clingstone; season early.

Early Blue. Domestica. 1. Ont. Fr. Growers Assoc. 87. 1896. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 52. 1897.

A Domestica of American origin. Fruit the size of Lombard; very early.

Early Blue. Domestica. 1. Miller Gard. Dict. 2. 1807. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 899. 1869. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:13. 1873. 4. Hogg Fruit Man. 698. 1884.

Azure Hâtive 3. Azure Hâtive 2, 4. Black Perdrigon 2, 4. Blue Gage 3, 4. Blue Gage 1, 2. Cooper’s Blue Gage 2, 4. Early Blue 3. Little Blue Gage 2.

An old European variety; rejected by the American Pomological Society in 1858. Fruit of medium size, roundish, dark purple; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; flavor brisk and rich; freestone; early.

Early Cherry. Cerasifera ×? 1. Kerr Cat. 21. 1897.

From California; fruit small, round, red; clingstone; early.

Early Cluster. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 355. 1895.

Mentioned in the preceding references.

Early Cross. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 380. 1857.

Originated with a Mr. Cross, Salem, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit below medium, roundish, reddish-purple; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; clingstone; early.

Early Favorite. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 314. 1845. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 419. 1854. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 395. 1857. 4. Mas Le Verger 6:11. 1866-73. 5. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 447. 1889. 6. Guide Prat. 152, 356. 1895. 7. Rev. Hort. 548, Pl. 1909.

Early Favorite 4, 5, 6. Early Favourite 6. Early Favourite 4. Favorite Hâtive 7. Favorite Précoce 4, 5, 7. Favorite Précoce 6. Favorite Précoce de Rivers 5, 6. Précoce de Rivers 5. Prune Early Favorite 7. Rivers Early 5, 6. Rivers Early Favorite 5. River’s Early Favourite 5, 6. River’s Early Favourite 3. River’s Early No. 1 1. River’s Early No. 1 2. Rivers Früh Pflaume 5. Rivers Frühpflaume 6. River’s No. 1 3, 5.

A seedling of Précoce de Tours raised by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, about 1834. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small, roundish-oval; suture shallow; bluish-black; dots russet; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; good; freestone; very early. Mentioned in the catalog of the American Pomological Society from 1852 to 1891.

Early Genesee. Domestica. 1. Gen. Farmer 9:232. 1848.

Originated in Brighton, Monroe County, New York. Fruit of medium size, long-ovate, golden-yellow; very early.

Early Golden Drop. Domestica. 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 352. 1891. 2. Cal. Nur. Cat. 1898.

Early Golden 2.

“Small, bright yellow, sugary and rich; pit free; ripens early.”

Early Honey. Angustifolia varians. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:79. 1892. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 195. 1901.

From Grayson County, Texas.

Early Mirabelle. Insititia. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 360, 376. 1866. 2. Mas Le Verger 6:1. 1866-73. 3. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 410. 1881. 4. Guide Prat. 152, 360. 1895.

Frühe von Bergthold 3. Mirabelle Précoce 1. Mirabelle Précoce 4, 5. Précoce de Bergthold 1, 2. Mirabelle de Berthold 4. Précoce de Bergthold 4.

Thought to be of English origin; first noted by Hogg. Resembles the Mirabelle very closely, with which it is confused. Tree medium in vigor, very productive; shoots downy; fruit small, nearly round; suture indistinct; skin pale yellow, specked with red on the sunny side; flesh yellowish, sweet, juicy, agreeably aromatic; freestone; early.

Early Minnesota. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:36. 1897. 2. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:17. 1905.

Found wild by Joseph Wood of Windom, Minnesota. Tree low, spreading, hardy, very productive; fruit small, round, yellowish-red; flesh sweet, juicy; stone free; very early.

Early Normandy. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 30:256. 1875. 2. Le Bon Jard. 340. 1882.

Normande précoce 2.

Noted in the Horticulturist as originating in France. Tree vigorous; fruit as large as a Reine Claude, purple on the sunny side, light flesh-colored on the shady side; bloom light; flesh greenish, fine and melting, juicy, sweet; good; early.

Early Pale. Species? Letter from Burbank.

Originated with Luther Burbank and sold to Judge S. F. Lieb in 1897.

Early Pear. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 577 fig. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 209. 1676.

Prunum Pyrinum praecox 1.

An early strain of White Pear.

Early Perdrigon. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 151. 1831. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:65. 1832. 3. Poiteau Pom. Franc. 1. 1846. 4. Hogg Fruit Man. 375. 1866. 5. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 936. 1869. 6. Mas Le Verger 6:147. 1866-73. 7. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 431. 1889. 8. Guide Prat. 153, 361. 1895.

Früher Perdrigon 7. Früher Violetter Perdrigon 7. Moyeu de Bourgogne ?7, 8. Perdrigon hâtif 1. Perdrigon hâtif 2, 7, 8. Perdrigon hâtive 2. Perdrigon Violet Hâtif 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Prune Perdrigon hâtif 3. Prunus Calvellana 3.

There are two plums known under this name. Both are small, oval, purplish and are covered with a thick bloom. One, however, which seems to have been earliest known, is sweet, rich and of very good quality, ripening about the middle of August. The second variety was named by Calvel. It is vastly inferior in quality to the first and ripens in July. Neither variety is well known in America.

Early Red. Angustifolia varians. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 160, 162. 1881. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 80:62. 1892. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 195. 1901.

Grown by G. Onderdonk of Mission Valley, Victoria County, Texas; introduced by the originator in 1879. Fruit small, roundish; cavity large; suture lacking; red; dots few, white; skin thin; flesh soft, yellow, sprightly; quality fair; clingstone; early.

Early Red. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 61. 1887. 2. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 86. 1890. 3. Can. Exp. Farm. Bul. 43:33. 1903. 4. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 310. 1903.

Early Red Russian 3. Early Red Russian No. 3 3. Krasnaya Skorospielkaya 1. Mixed Arab 2, 3. No. 3 2.

Early Red was imported by J. L. Budd from Dr. Regel, St. Petersburg, Russia, in the winter of 1881-82. The following season it was disseminated with a mixed lot of varieties, all of which became badly confused. Fruit large, oval; cavity small; suture shallow; dark red; bloom thick; dots white; flesh firm, meaty; quality fair; clingstone; early.

Early Royal of Nikita. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 380. 1857. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:25 fig. 13. 1873. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429, 430, 441, 449. 1889.

Early Royal of Nikita 3. Frühe Königspflaume Pflaume von Nikita 3. Frühe Nikitaer Königspflaume 3. Nikitaner Frühe Königspflaume 2. Nikitaer Frühe Königspflaume 3. Nikita’s Frühe Königs Pflaume 3. Royale Hâtive de Nikita 3. Royal Hâtive de Nikita 3. Royale Hâtive de Nikita 2.

According to Mas this variety originated in Nikita, Crimea. Fruit small, roundish, reddish-purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy; good; semi-clinging; early.

Early St. John. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 912. 1869.

Prune de St. Jean 1. St. Jean 1. St. John 1.

Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size, roundish-oblong, reddish-purple; flesh green, sweet, sprightly; freestone; mid-season.

Early Transparent Gage. Domestica. 1. Jour. Hort. N. S. 17:286. 1869. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 722. 1884. 3. Guide Prat. 153, 364. 1895. 4. Rivers Cat. 34. 1898. 5. Bartrum Pears and Plums 63. 1902.

Early Apricot 3. Early Transparent 4. Early Transparent Gage 2, 3. New Transparent Gage 1. Reine-Claude Diaphane Hâtive 3. Rivers’ Early Apricot 2. Rivers’ Early Transparent Gage 5.

This seedling of Transparent Gage was raised by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, in 1866. Tree hardy, productive, compact; branchlets pubescent; fruit medium in size, roundish-oblate; suture shallow; stem slender; yellowish-green, mottled with crimson; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy; quality high; freestone; early.

Early Yellow Gage. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. App. 2:156. 1876.

Originated with Asahel Foote, Williamstown, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous, upright, productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture shallow; cavity small; stem slender; pale yellow; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, rather coarse, juicy, sweet; semi-clinging; early.

Early Yellow Prune. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 8:536. 1853. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 86. 1854.

Originated in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous, prolific; fruit medium, oval; skin yellow; very good; stone free.

Eason. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 578. 1629.

Described by Parkinson as “small, red and well tasted.”

Eberly. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 135. 1905.

Eberly’s Plum 1.

A seedling brought to notice by W. V. Eberly of the California Nursery Company. Fruit large, oval; cavity small; yellow, occasionally slightly russeted; dots numerous, silvery; flesh yellowish, translucent; sweet, rich; good; stone long, flat, free; late.

Ebon. Cerasifera ×? 1. Kerr Cat. 16. 1899.

Described by Kerr in 1899. Tree upright, with distinct foliage. Fruit medium in size, round to round-oblong, very dark red; flesh red; clingstone.

Ecully. Domestica. 1. Cat. Cong. Pom. France 364. 1887. 2. Guide Prat. 153, 364. 1895. 3. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 433. 1905.

Reine-Claude d’Ecully 1, 2, 3.

A chance seedling grown by M. Luizet, at Ecully-les-Lyon, France; first fruited in 1866. Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit large, roundish; suture deep; halves unequal; cavity deep and rather wide; stem medium in length; skin yellow, slightly tinged with red; flesh yellowish, fine, rather firm, juicy, sweet, Reine Claude aroma; good; stone nearly free; mid-season.

Eddie. Species? Letter from J. W. Kerr.

Originated by Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska.

Edith. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:269. 1900.

A seedling of Iowa Beauty grown by E. L. Hayden, Oakville, Iowa, about 1895. Tree upright, vigorous; fruit medium in size, globular; suture indistinct; dark red; dots numerous; bloom thick; good; stone of medium size; mid-season.

Edle Early. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 411. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 428. 1889.

Edle Frühpflaume 1, 2. Noble Précoce 2.

Found in a garden in Brunswick, Germany. Tree large, productive; fruit small, oval; suture a line; brownish-red, with gold-colored dots; flesh golden-yellow, tender, juicy, sweet; freestone; early.

Edouard Seneclauze. Domestica. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 361. 1866.

Fruit very small, obovate, golden-yellow; flesh sweet, richly flavored; freestone; early.

Eggles. Triflora × Hortulana. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 14:271. 1901.

Sent out by A. L. Bruce, Texas. Fruit large, round; suture indistinct; bright red; dots many, minute, yellow; flesh yellow; stone oval, compressed, clinging; poor.

Eldora. Americana. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 333. 1894. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 148. 1901.

A seedling raised by Judge Samuel Miller of Missouri. Tree rapid in growth; fruit medium to large.

Eldorado. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:269. 1900. 2. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 135. 1903. 3. Ibid. 426. 1905.

A seedling grown by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa, who introduced it in 1899. Fruit small, round; suture lacking; yellow overlaid with red; dots small, grayish; bloom thin; skin thick; flesh firm, yellow, subacid; clingstone; late.

Eldridge. Americana. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 42. 1883.

A variety from Wisconsin listed for eight years by the American Pomological Society.

Elfrey. Domestica. 1. Coxe Cult. Fr. Trees 234. 1817. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:98. 1832. 3. Horticulturist 7:403. 1852. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Elfrey’s Prune 2. Elfreth’s Prune 2. Elfry’s Plum 4.

Of unknown origin; quite widely disseminated and highly recommended in the South about fifty years ago. Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size, oval, blue; flesh greenish, firm, rich, slightly dry; mid-season.

Elisabeth Pflaume. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Elisabeth d’Elsner. Elsner’s Elisabeth Pflaume.

Ella. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:52. 1900.

A seedling of the Peach plum grown at the British Columbia Experimental Station; not introduced; closely resembles the parent.

Ellis. Munsoniana × Hortulana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:79. 1892. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 231. 1901.

Ellis is said to be a cross between Wild Goose and Golden Beauty, and to have originated in northern Texas; introduced by T. L. Ellis. Fruit large, round; skin very thin, red; good; semi-clinging.

Ellwood. Domestica. 1. Col., O., Hort. Soc. Rpt. 31. 1892. 2. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:254, 255. 1905.

Elwood 1.

Introduced by Augustine and Company, Normal, Illinois; very similar to Lombard if not identical with it.

Elmore. Domestica. 1. Gard. & For. 7:243. 1894.

An early variety from Shasta, Sacramento County, California.

Elsner Grüne Zwetsche. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Elsner’s Von Gronow Grüne Zwetsche. Prune Celeste.

Elton. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 147. 1831.

Grown on the grounds of the London Horticultural Society.

Emerald. Domestica. 1. Can. Hort. 12:265. 1889. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 101. 1891. 3. Smith Cat. 35. 1898. 4. Can. Hort. 22:340. 1899.

Early Green 1, 2, 4.

Originated with Warren Holton, Hamilton, Ontario; supposedly a seedling of Reine Claude. It was first called Early Green but was introduced by E. D. Smith of Winona, Ontario, under the name Emerald. Tree hardy and productive; fruit large, roundish; stem slender; suture medium deep; yellowish-green; very good; stone free, smooth; very early.

Emerald. Triflora × Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:270. 1900. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 209. 1901. 3. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 296. 1903. 4. Ia. Sta. Bul. 114:133. 1910.

Burwood 4.

Emerald came from a cross between Brittlewood and Burbank made by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska, in 1895. Tree resembles an Early Richmond cherry, hardy, productive; buds conspicuous; fruit large, roundish, yellow marbled with coppery-red; flesh yellowish, tender, fibrous, juicy, mild subacid; good.

Emerald Drop. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 275. 1845. 2. Ibid. 913. 1869. 3. Mas Le Verger 6:125. 1866-73.

Goutte Emeraude 3.

Emerald Drop is a seedling of Washington grown sometime previous to 1845 by A. J. Downing, Newburgh, New York. Tree moderately vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity small; suture distinct, sides unequal; yellowish-green; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Emerson. Angustifolia varians. 1. Kan. Sta. Bul. 101:131. 1901. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:63. 1892. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 195. 1901.

Emerson’s Early 3.

Found wild in northern Texas; introduced by A. L. Bruce. Fruit small, round to oval, bright red, with many white dots; flesh yellow, soft; stone rough, clinging; early.

Emerson. Americana. 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 127. 1890.

Originated near Dubuque, Iowa. Tree productive; fruit large, roundish, red, thickly dotted with small gray spots; flesh firm; valuable for preserving.

Emerson Yellow. Angustifolia varians. 1. Kerr Cat. 20. 1897. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 195. 1901.

A seedling of the Emerson from Texas. Fruit of medium size, round, yellow; inferior.

Emigrant. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 126. 1889. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 25. 1897.

A seedling of Lombard. Fruit large, oval, purple; quality fair; mid-season.

Emily May. Domestica. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:269. 1900.

A large attractive plum of the Pond type grown by Lillian A. Trotter, Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada. Fruit large, oval; suture well marked; clear light yellow; bloom thin; flesh firm, juicy, delicate; good; stone small, rough, free.

Emma. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:269. 1900. 2. Terry Cat. 1900.

Grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, in 1896. Fruit medium in size, almost round; skin thin, reddish color; good; stone large, clinging.

Engle. Domestica. 1. Mich Sta. Bul. 129:32, 33. 1896. 2. Ibid. 187:77, 78. 1901. 3. Budd-Hansen Am. Hort. Man. 311. 1903.

Fruit below medium size, roundish-oval; suture obscure; skin yellow; flesh firm, yellow, flavor rich; very good; very early.

Empereur. Domestica. 1. Mas Le Verger 6:63. 1866-73. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Empereur de Mas 2.

Grown by M. Mas, France, from a seed of Golden Drop sown in 1850; reported in 1861 under the name Empereur. Fruit large, obovate; suture indistinct; skin tender, purple, streaked with deeper purple; flesh clear yellow, melting, juicy, sweet; stone small, clinging; early.

Emperor of Japan. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Empereur du Japan 1. Emperor of Japan 1. Kaiser Von Japan 1.

Mathieu found reference to it in Pomologische Monatshefte 134. 1882 and Obst-Garten 322. 1882.

Esjum Erik. Domestica. 1. U. S. Dept. Agr. Pom. Bul. 10:21. 1901.

Esjum Erik is an Old World variety imported by the United States Department of Agriculture in 1900. As tested at this Station it appears to be of little value for New York growers. Tree vigorous, unproductive; fruit small, obovate, necked; cavity nearly lacking; suture a line; purplish-black; bloom thick; dots inconspicuous; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, firm, sweetish, mild; quality not high; stone small, oval, dark colored, clinging; mid-season.

Essex Bullace. Insititia. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 144. 1831. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 689. 1884. 3. Rivers Cat. 37. 1909.

New Large Bullace 1, 3. New Large Bullace 2.

Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit large, roundish, greenish-yellow; flesh juicy; late.

Esslinger Fruhzwetsche. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889. 2. Lucas Vollst. Hand. Obst. 473. 1894. Quetsche Précoce d’Esslingen 1.

Tree vigorous; an early and abundant bearer; fruit of medium size, bluish-black; bloom light; valuable for dessert and drying.

Esther. Hortulana mineri. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 287. 1887. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:79. 1892. 3. Terry Cat. 1900. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 173. 1901.

A seedling of Miner, grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1885. Fruit medium in size, round-oval; suture a line; dark red; dots numerous; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; stone oval, clinging; late.

Etopa. Prunus besseyi × Triflora. Cir. S. Dak. Exp. Sta. 1910.

Introduced in 1908 by the originator, N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station. It is a cross of Occident with Prunus besseyi in which the dark purplish flesh of the male parent is conspicuous.

Etta. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1900. 2. Terry Cat. 1900. 3. Wis. Sta. Bul. 85:13. 1901.

A seedling first fruited in 1895 by H. A. Terry, Iowa. Fruit large, nearly round; suture distinct; skin yellow, striped and splashed with red; flesh sweet, rich; good; stone oval, free; mid-season.

Eureka. Nigra. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:270. 1900.

Grown in 1896 by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska, from seed of Cheney. Tree upright, vigorous, unproductive; fruit large; roundish, yellowish-red to purple; flesh firm, juicy; good; clingstone; very early.

Eureka. Munsoniana. 1. Am. Jour. Hort. 5:148. 1869.

Similar to Wild Goose.

Eva. Nigra. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

From Manitoba; tested at the Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory, Canada. Fruit small, red; excellent; mid-season.

Evelyn. Domestica. 1. Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt. 73. 1894. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 137. 1894.

A seedling grown in the neighborhood of Owen’s Sound, Canada; of local reputation.

Excelsior Damson. Insititia. 1. Green River Cat. 1899.

A freestone introduced in 1892 by the Green River Nursery Company and described in their catalog as being a particularly fine strain of the Damson.

Fairchild. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:271. 1900. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 148. 1901.

A seedling of De Soto supposed to have been fertilized by a wild plum; grown by J. H. Fairchild, Iowa, in 1894 and offered for sale in 1899 by Snyder and Son, Center Point, Iowa. Fruit above medium, roundish-oval, yellowish-red with whitish dots; flesh yellow, firm, juicy; quality fair; mid-season.

Fancy. Munsoniana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:271. 1900.

From a sprout of Wild Goose, originating with John Brown, Oakville, Louisa County, Iowa, in 1885. Tree vigorous, very prolific; fruit large, oblong, yellow with shading of red; bloom thin; flesh sweet, juicy; good; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

Fanning. Munsoniana. 1. Waugh Plum Cult. 185. 1901.

A chance seedling found in the yard of a Mr. Fanning, Rockdale, Texas. Fruit medium in size, round-oval, bright red; dots numerous; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone oval, clinging; mid-season.

Fawn. Munsoniana. 1. Waugh Plum Cult. 231. 1901.

A variety first grown by David Miller of Camp Hill, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture a line; bright red; dots numerous, large, yellow, giving a dappled or fawn color; bloom very thin; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone oval, clinging.

Femmonzi. Species? 1. Coates Cat. 1910-11.

A variety first grown by Frank Femmons of Ahwahnee, California, and introduced by the Leonard Coates Nursery Company, Morganhill, California, in the fall of 1910. Said to be large and handsome.

Field Marshall. Domestica. 1. Kenrick Am. Orch. 257. 1832. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 293. 1845. 3. Elliott Fr. Book 426. 1854.

Corse’s Field Marshall 1, 2. Corse’s Field Marshal 3.

A seedling raised by Henry Corse of Montreal, Canada. Fruit large, oval, bright purplish-red; cavity shallow; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, subacid; stone long, pointed, clinging.

Figue Grosse Rouge. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 147. 1831.

Wilmots Early 1.

Fruit large, obovate; purple; freestone; quality medium; mid-season.

Fin de Siecle. Nigra. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory, Canada. Tree productive; fruit large; red; flavor fair; early.

Fine Bonte. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 913. 1869. 2. Mas Le Verger 6:35. 1866-73. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Feine und Gute 3. Fine Bonte 3.

Originated in the nurseries of Simon Louis, Moselle, France. Fruit small, irregularly ovate; suture indistinct; purple; bloom thin; stem very short, thick; flesh greenish yellow; very good; stone small, free; very early.

Fine Early Plum. Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth Treat Fr. Trees 21. 1803.

Firba Konigspflaume. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Firbas Frühe Schuttenhoferin. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 429. 1889.

Mathieu found mention of it in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 287. 1884.

First. Species? 1. Burbank Cat. 1899. 2. Ibid. 1901. 3. Ga. Sta. Bul. 68:36. 1905.

No. 31,288 1.

According to the originator, Luther Burbank, this variety is one of the second generation of a combination cross of Hawkeye, Hammer, Milton, Wyant, Wayland and Burbank. It was introduced in 1899 under the breeding number 31,288, but grafting wood was not offered for sale until 1900. This is probably one of the earliest plums, ripening in California about three weeks before Red June. Fruit medium in size, roundish; stem short, slender; yellow with faint blush; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy; earliest.

First Best. Species? 1. Childs Cat. 136. 1910.

First Best was grown by R. D. Hoyt of Clearwater, Florida, in 1894 from seed marked “Hill Plum” received from W. Gollen of Saharanfur, India. The tree first fruited in 1904 and was introduced in the spring of 1910 by John Lewis Childs, Floral Park, New York, who states that it is an unusually early, yellow variety.

First Sweet. Nigra? 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 426. 1900.

A seedling raised at the Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory, Canada. Tree productive; fruit of medium size; skin red, thin; flavor excellent; early.

Fitzroy. Americana. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 119. 1904.

A seedling of Rollingstone grown at the Central Experimental Farm, Canada. Fruit above medium, roundish, slightly heart-shaped; suture a line; skin yellow washed with red; dots many; bloom moderate; flesh pale yellow, juicy, sweet; good; stone nearly free; cracks when ripe.

Flora Plena. Americana 1. Kerr Cat. 1894-97.

J. W. Kerr, the introducer, found this plum in the yard of a friend in York County, Pennsylvania, it having been brought from Iowa. Tree dwarf; blooms profusely with beautiful pure white, very double flowers; no fruit.

Flushing Bulleis. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576. 1629.

Noted by Parkinson as a variety producing fruit in clusters like a bunch of grapes.

Foote. Insititia. 1. Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul. 35:21. 1906.

Fruit small, roundish-oblong; skin black; flesh rather dry, greenish-yellow; stone small, oval, clinging; mid-season.

Foote. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 20:324. 1865. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 913. 1869. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:77. 1873.

Foote’s Early Orleans 3. Foote’s Early Orleans 1, 2, 3. Monsieur Hâtif de Foote 3.

A seedling of Wilmot’s Early Orleans raised in 1852 by Asahel Foote of Williamstown, Massachusetts. Tree large and vigorous; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture absent; very black; flesh greenish, juicy; good; stone oval, flattened, clinging; very early.

Foote Golden Gage. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 914. 1869.

Raised by Asahel Foote, Williamstown, Massachusetts. Tree very vigorous; shoots slightly downy; fruit large, nearly round; suture shallow; stalk slender; cavity small; skin golden-yellow, obscurely splashed with green and tinged with red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, slightly vinous; very good; stone slightly adherent; mid-season.

Forest Rose Improved. Hortulana mineri. 1. Ohio Sta. Bul. 113:154. 1899.

An improved strain of Forest Rose somewhat larger than the original.

Forewattamie. Hortulana mineri × Munsoniana. 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:11. 1898. 2. Kerr Cat. 1900.

A cross between Forest Garden and Pottawattamie grown by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska. J. W. Kerr, after testing it, states that it disclosed no special merits; fruit below medium, oval, dull red; flesh watery; poor.

Formosa. Triflora ×? 1. Fancher Creek Nur. Cat. 7. 1907-8. 2. Fancher Creek Nur. Cat., Burbank’s Late Introductions. fig. 1909.

Wickson Challenge 1.

Grown by Luther Burbank, who states that it is of mixed parentage, including probably from fifteen to eighteen varieties. Tree very vigorous and productive; fruit large, oval to slightly cordate; suture very prominent; cavity medium; rich yellow with light bloom turning to clear red at maturity; flesh pale yellow, firm, sweet, rich, apricot flavor; good; stone semi-clinging; mid-season.

Forward Damask. Domestica. Mentioned in Quintinye Com. Gard. 70. 1699.

Frankfort Peach. Domestica. 1. Koch Deut. Obst. 572. 1876. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 3rd App. 180. 1881. 3. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Francfort Peach 3. Frankfurter Pfirschen Zwetsche 3. Kuchen Pflaume 3. Quetsche de Francfort 3. Quetsche-Pêche de Francfort 3.

Tree spreading, productive; fruit of medium size, oval, compressed; suture shallow; cavity small; black; bloom thick; flesh yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet, good; stone oval, thin, free; mid-season.

Franklin. Triflora ×? 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:223. 1899. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 210, 211 fig. 1901.

Originated with A. L. Bruce, Texas, from Abundance crossed with an unknown variety. Fruit of medium size, oblate; suture a line; bright crimson over yellow; dots numerous; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; clingstone.

Fraser. Domestica. 1. Am. Gard. 22:606. 1901. 2. Gard. Chron. 30:120. 1901.

Fraser’s Early Yellow 1.

Raised in the nursery of John Fraser, Woodford, England, about 1895. Tree small; fruit very small, oval; skin bright yellow; flesh soft; flavor poor; freestone; valuable because of its earliness.

Freeman. Munsoniana. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 276. 1893. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:13. 1901.

Freeman’s Favorite 1.

Originated in 1885 with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Wild Goose. Tree vigorous, fairly productive; fruit above medium, roundish-oblong; suture distinct; bright crimson, numerous dots on the lower half; flesh very tender, sprightly; good; clingstone; early.

Freestone. Species? 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 424. 1905.

An inferior native variety; fruit small; clingstone; mid-season.

Freestone. Americana. 1. Terry Cat. 1900.

A seedling grown by H. A. Terry from seed of Harrison. Fruit large, pale yellow becoming light red at full maturity; good; stone semi-clinging.

Freestone Goose. Munsoniana. 1. Stark Cat. 29. 1910.

Originated by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska, and introduced by Stark Brothers, Louisiana, Missouri, in 1910. The fruit is said to be larger and darker colored than the Wild Goose.

Freestone Quetsche. Domestica. 1. Mich. Sta. Bul. 152:209. 1898.

Imported by the Department of Agriculture and noted as vigorous.

Friedheim Damascene. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Friedheim’s Rote Früh Damascene. Damas Rouge de Friedheim.

Fritze Herrnpflaume. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Frostproof. Cerasifera. 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 13:369. 1900. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 231. 1901.

Grown and introduced by J. H. G. Jenkins, Spring Garden, Missouri, about 1896. Fruit small, spherical; suture a fine line; dark crimson; dots minute; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; clingstone; very early; blossoms resistant to frosts.

Frühe Englische Zwetsche. Domestica. Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Frühe Gelbe Reine Claude. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Frühe Gelbe Kaiser Pflaume.

Frühe Grüne Zwetsche. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 445. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Bischtin Erik 2. Herr Pflaume 2.

A German variety said to be suitable for moist soils.

Frühe Leipziger Damascene. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 430. 1889.

Damas de Leipsick 1. Fondante Noire 1.

Mathieu suggests that this may possibly be identical with Précoce de Tours.

Fuller. Species? 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:37. 1897.

Fuller’s Egg 1.

Reported by B. A. Matthews, Knoxville, Iowa, as a large, oval plum.

Fulton. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 382. 1857. 2. Cultivator 5:373. 1857.

A variety of uncertain origin found at Johnstown, Fulton County, New York. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, oval; suture distinct; bright yellow; juicy; good; late and hangs to the tree well.

Funk. Triflora ×? 1. Munson Cat. 8. 1902. 2. Tex. Dept. Agr. Rpt. 12:102. 1910.

Funk’s Early 2.

An accidental cross of Abundance raised by J. M. Funk, Grayson County, Texas. Tree vigorous, upright, prolific; fruit medium, heart-shaped, bright red; clingstone; very early.

Fürst Damson. Insititia. 1. Hogg Fruit Man. 361. 1866. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 913. 1869. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 127, 129. 1901. 4. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:51. 1900.

Eugene Fürst 1, 2. Eugen Fürst 3. Fürst’s Damson 4. Quetsche Précoce de Fürst 2. Sweet Damson 1, 2.

This plum is frequently confused with the Furst. The origin of the name and variety is unknown. According to Waugh, it is a German variety introduced in America about sixty years ago. Foliage Damson-like; fruit small, pear-shaped, with a neck; cavity shallow, abrupt; stem slender; suture obsolete; apex slightly pointed; skin tough, purplish-black; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, slightly acid; quality fair to good; stone nearly free.

Gabriel Combes. Domestica. 1. Rev. Hort. 332, Pl. 1895.

Prune Reine-Claude Gabriel Combes 1.

Of French origin, probably a seedling of the Reine Claude; first mentioned in 1895. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit spheroidal-ovoid, large, purple; cavity very small; suture slight; apex pointed; flesh amber-yellow, fine, juicy, sweet, aromatic, excellent; stone small, free; ripens after Reine Claude.

Galbraith. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 8:536. 1853. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 382. 1857.

Said to have originated with a Mr. Galbraith near Boalsburg, Pennsylvania. Tree straggling; fruit of medium size, oval, purple; flesh tender, juicy; good; clingstone; early.

Gale. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1897-1900. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:37. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 149. 1901.

Gale Seedling 2. Gale Seedling 3. Gale’s No. 3 1.

Introduced about 1890 by I. Gale & Son, Waukesha, Wisconsin. Tree overbears; fruit below medium, roundish, compressed; suture distinct; apex slightly truncate; dull red; skin thin; flesh yellow, soft; quality fair; stone thick, rounded, nearly free; very early.

Galena. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:37. 1897. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 149. 1901.

Introduced by Charles Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota. Fruit large, oval; yellow ground covered with red.

Galopin. Domestica. 1. Guide Prat. 160, 367. 1895. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 102. 1901.

Violette de Galopin 2. Violette Galopin 1.

A European variety. Tree poor; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity shallow; stem short, thick; suture shallow; blue; many conspicuous dots; flesh yellow; quality medium; stone of medium size, oval, slightly necked, nearly free.

Garden King. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:273. 1900. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 149. 1901.

Found wild in 1853; in 1861 it was put under cultivation by Judge Elias Topliff of De Soto, Wisconsin, and subsequently turned over to A. R. Prescott, Postville, Iowa, who introduced it in 1896. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, oval, scarlet; flesh sweet, juicy; freestone.

Garfield. Hortulana. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:48, 86. 1892. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 179. 1901. 3. Ohio Sta. Bul. 162:254, 255. 1905.

Reported to have been found wild in Ohio; introduced by Leo Welz, Wilmington, Ohio, in 1887. Tree unproductive, lacking in hardiness; fruit small, oval; stem slender; cavity shallow; suture a line; bright red; bloomless; flesh yellow, juicy, acid; quality fair; stone small, long-oval, pointed, clinging; late.

Garlick. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 147. 1831. 2. Mag. Hort. 9:164. 1843.

Garlick’s Early 1, 2.

Fruit small, obovate, purple; good; freestone; obsolete.

Garnet. Triflora × Cerasifera. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. Pom. 45. 1895. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 211. 1901.

Found by J. L. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina, under a Kelsey tree which was probably pollinated from a Pissardi growing near, the foliage showing the reddish color of the Pissardi; first fruited in 1892. Fruit large, roundish-oval, dark garnet-red with minute russet dots; cavity small; suture indistinct; skin thin and bitter; flesh yellow with a tinge of red; flavor mild; stone medium, oval, clinging; more valuable as an ornamental than for its fruit.

Gates. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:38. 1897.

Originated at Owatonna, Minnesota. Fruit medium in size, flattened; suture distinct; very dull red; dots numerous, yellow; skin thick; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone distinctly margined; late.

Gaunt. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576, 577 fig. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 208. 1676.

Described in 1629 by Parkinson as “large, reddish, waterish, late.”

Gaviota. Triflora × Americana. 1. Fancher Creek Nur. Cat. 1907. 2. Fancher Creek Nur. Cat., Burbank’s Late Introductions. fig. 1909.

Rice Seed 1.

Originated with Luther Burbank about 1900; probably contains admixtures of other species than the ones mentioned above. Tree vigorous, productive, late blooming; fruit very large, oval; suture shallow; cavity medium; dark red over yellow ground; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, aromatic; good; stone extremely small; mid-season.

Gaylord. Americana. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 441. 1889. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:24, 38 fig. 1897. 3. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:273. 1900.

Found growing wild by David Hardman, Nora Springs, Iowa, in 1854; introduced by Edson Gaylord of the same place about 1890. Tree vigorous with a tendency to overbear; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity small; stem short; suture a line; apex slightly pointed; dull red over yellow; bloom thin; dots numerous, minute; skin thick, bitter; flesh yellow, melting; good; stone large, oval, flat, semi-clinging; mid-season.

Gaylord Gold. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:273. 1900.

Found wild in Rock Grove, Iowa, about 1870 by John Henry, Nora Springs, Iowa; cions subsequently distributed by Edson Gaylord. Fruit of medium size, golden yellow; good; stone small, free; mid-season.

Gelbe Damascener Pflaume. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 431. 1889.

Reference taken by Mathieu from Obst-Garten 315. 1883.

Gelbe Jerusalempflaume. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 431. 1889.

Jaune de Jerusalem 1. Prune de Jerusalem 1.

A variety of doubtful merit and different from Yellow Jerusalem.

Gelbe Kirschpflaume. Cerasifera. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889.

Cerisette Blanche. Myrobalan Jaune. Prunus Cerasifera Zanthocarpa. Serdali Irek.

Gelbe Spatzwetsche. Species? Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889.

Reitzensteiner Gelbe Zwetsche incor. Quetsche Jaune Tardive.

Gem. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 915. 1869.

Originated near Albany, New York. Fruit small, round; suture and cavity shallow; mottled with purple; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; clingstone.

Gem. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

The Gem 1.

A seedling of Lottie grown by H. A. Terry; introduced by P. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit of medium size, oblong, red and yellow, with whitish bloom; good; freestone.

Gemeiner Gelbe Spilling. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889.

Bauern Pflaume. Gelber Bidling. Krieke. Prunus Lutea. Spelge. Spilge. Spindel Pflaume.

Gentleman. Domestica. 1. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:41. 1873.

Probably of American origin as it was sent by Downing to M. Mas, but was not described by the American author. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, oval; suture indistinct; skin thick, intense purple; bloom abundant; stem short; flesh yellowish, juicy, vinous; good; freestone; early.

Georgia. Triflora ×? 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 175:153. 1899. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 212. 1901.

Normand No. 20 1, 2.

One of the several seedlings sent out by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana. Named by L. H. Bailey in 1899. Fruit small, oval, greenish-yellow covered with bright red; flesh yellow, watery, fibrous, sweet; stone large, strongly clinging; fruit drops while green; worthless.

Gerishes Seedling. Domestica. Mentioned in Johnson Cat.

Early Bradshaw.

Gersepflaume. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 431. 1889.

Reference taken by Mathieu from Wiener Garten-Zeitung 287. 1884.

Ghiston. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 276. 1845. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 222, 244. 1858.

Ghiston’s Early 1, 2.

Fruit large, oval, yellow; bloom thin; flesh yellow; quality poor; freestone; season early; rejected by the American Pomological Society in 1858.

Gibson. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 25:319. 1870.

Gibson’s Seedling.

A seedling from W. L. Gibson of Elmira, New York. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, deep amber color; bloom slight; skin thick, very astringent; flesh sweet, juicy, mild; good.

Gill. Domestica. 1. Ohio Sta. Bul. 94:58. 1909.

Introduced by S. R. Gill, Port Clinton, Ohio, who received it in 1882 from a nursery with Golden Drop trees. Tree vigorous, spreading and productive; fruit medium in size, round, reddish-purple; bloom light; flesh firm, sweet, rich; good; mid-season; excellent for canning.

Gisborne. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 147. 1831. 2. Horticulturist 10:16. 1855. 3. Mas Pom. Gen.. 2:49. 1873. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889.

De Gisborne 3. Gisborne’s 1. Gisborne’s 3. Gisborne’s Early 2. Gisborne’s Early 2, 4. Gisborne’s Zwetsche 3. Gisbornes Zwetsche 4. Ovalrunde Spreckel Pflaume 4. Paterson’s 1, 4.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, oval; suture indistinct; skin golden-yellow, dotted with cherry-red on the sunny side, with pale bloom; flesh bright yellow, juicy, sweet; stone large, oval, free; mid-season.

Glaister. Domestica. 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 358. 1891.

A variety from California introduced by Leonard Coates of Napa, California. Fruit very similar to Yellow Egg, but two weeks earlier.

Gloire d’Epinay. Domestica. 1. Rev. Hort. 444. 1898. 2. Ibid. 86. 1899.

A sucker from a chance seedling found about 1850 by M. Donon of Epinay, France; named and presented to the National Society of Horticulture in 1898 by M. Gorion. Fruit above medium size, roundish-oval; suture shallow; deep blue; similar to Monsieur, but is later and ripens over a period of nearly two months.

Gloire de Louveciennes. Insititia. 1. Rev. Hort. 650. 1900. 2. Ibid. 476, fig. 1901.

Mirabelle Gloire de Louveciennes 1, 2.

Noted in the Revue Horticole as a Mirabelle introduced in 1900 by M. Lecointe. Fruit similar to Mirabelle de Nancy in shape and form, but larger; skin citron-yellow, dotted and shaded with red on the sunny side; flesh firm, very sweet, like the Apricot in flavor.

Gloria. Americana mollis. 1. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 119. 1904.

A seedling of Wolf; fruit large, oval; cavity narrow; suture a line; bright red or yellow mottled with red; dots few; bloom light; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; stone large, nearly free; variety promising.

Gloucestershire Violet. Domestica. 1. Jour. Hort. 17:285. 1888.

Minsterworth 1. Prince 1.

A very old variety first known as Prince; it is grown largely on the banks of the Severn, England, where it is propagated from seed or from root-suckers. Fruit small, oval, with slight tendency to a neck; suture distinct; dark mahogany; bloom thin; flesh greenish, tender, sweet, pleasant; stone small; free.

Glow. Maritima × Subcordata × Americana × Nigra. 1. Burbank Cat. 14. 1911.

From crosses of the species named Burbank grew this variety. Tree of medium size; branches slender and drooping. Fruit large, round, crimson, dotted with yellow; flesh orange color, rich; good; freestone; late.

G. No. 4. Domestica. 1. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 9:347. 1890. 2. Mich. Sta. Bul. 177:42, 43. 1899.

G. No. 44 Jones (unpublished).

In 1890, Herbert A. Jones, Himrods, New York, sent this variety to a few experiment stations for testing. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture very shallow; cavity medium deep; stem slender; skin thin; dark purple; bloom thick; dots numerous, sometimes irregular, russet; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, firm, sourish; poor; clingstone; mid-season; variety not worth propagating.

Goff. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

Prof. Goff 1.

A seedling of Hawkeye grown by H. A. Terry; introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, red over yellow; good; clingstone.

Gold. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:273. 1900. 3. Terry Cat. 1900.

Golden 3.

A variety from H. A. Terry not to be confused with the Golden of Burbank (Gold of Stark Brothers). Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity shallow, small; orange-yellow and red; bloom thin; skin rather thick, astringent; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, subacid; good; clingstone.

Gold Coin. Americana. 1. Terry Cat. 1900.

An unknown variety mentioned by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, as the parent of Coinage.

Gold Colored. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:39. 1897. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 150. 1901.

From Edson Gaylord, Gaylord, Iowa. Fruit of medium size, bright yellow; stone small, free.

Golden Cluster. Domestica. 1. Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt. 93. 1885.

A seedling from Henry Corse of Montreal. Tree slow in growth, with long internodes; fruit of medium size, egg-shaped; hanging in dense clusters by firmly adherent stems; gold, tinged with brown; flesh firm, pleasant; ripening season long.

Golden Gage. Domestica. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 12:611. 1893.

Golden Gage is a seedling of Golden Drop grown by J. T. Macomber, Grand Isle, Vermont. Fruit small, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; apex round; skin thin; pale yellow with red specks; bloom thin; dots small; flesh yellow, very sweet; good; stone oval, slightly necked; free; mid-season; of little commercial importance because of inferior size and color.

Golden Gem. Species?

A variety originating from seed with P. P. Dawson, Payette, Idaho.

Golden Prolific. Species? 1. Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt. 5:116. 1898.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, yellow; very good; clingstone; poor shipper.

Golden Prune. Domestica. 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 360. 1891. 2. Cal. Sta. Bd. Hort. 112. 1891. 3. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 291. 1893. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 105. 1901.

Golden 2.

Grown by Seth Lewelling, Milwaukee, Oregon, from a seed of the Italian Prune; mentioned in the last two catalogs of the American Pomological Society. Fruit large, oval; cavity small, round, shallow, abrupt; stem short; suture shallow; apex depressed, sometimes cracking; light yellow; bloom thin; dots numerous, yellow; skin thin; flesh yellow, firm, tender, juicy; good; stone of medium size, long-oval, nearly free; mid-season.

Golden Queen. Americana. 1. Terry Cat. 1900. 2. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 426. 1905.

Originated with H. A. Terry; first fruited in 1897. Tree characterized by its luxuriant foliage; fruit large, roundish-oblong, golden-yellow; good; said to be valuable for dessert.

Golden Transparent. Domestica. 1. Gard. World 10:448. 1893. 2. Rivers Cat. 34. 1898. 3. Thompson Gard. Ass’t 157. 1901.

From Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England; closely allied to the Transparent Gage, but is distinctly later and more golden in color; an excellent dessert plum.

Goldsmith. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 147. 1831.

Goldsmith’s Vienna.

Gondin. Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889.

Pflaume Von Gondin. Prune de Gondin.

Gonne. Domestica. 1. Ann. Pom. Belge 6:15, Pl. 1858. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 917. 1869. 3. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 409. 1881.

Gonne’s Rothe Pflaume 3. Prune Gonne 1. Prune Gonne 2.

Originated by Dr. Gonne of Fleurus, Belgium. Oberdieck gives the Gonne’s Rothe Pflaume, which is evidently the same variety, as a seedling of the Red Egg. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, obovate, sometimes spherical; suture shallow to deep; carmine-red, dotted with russet; flesh yellow, juicy, melting, sweet; the pit lies in a large cavity, nearly free; mid-season.

Goose-Dye. Species? 1. Kerr Cat. 11. 1900.

A supposed hybrid between the Wild Goose plum and Dyehouse cherry grown by Theodore Williams. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit larger than Wild Goose, oval, cherry-red; clingstone; mid-season; said to be free from rot.

Goose-O. Munsoniana × Triflora. 1. Kerr Cat. 11. 1900.

A cross between Wild Goose and Ogon made by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska. Tree suckers badly; fruit of medium size, roundish, red on a yellow ground; clingstone; mid-season.

Gordon. Domestica. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 46. 1897.

Gordon No. 3 1.

A seedling of Imperial Gage. Fruit of medium size, roundish; yellow overspread with coppery-red; bloom profuse; skin acid; flesh rich, yellow, meaty, juicy, subacid; good; freestone; mid-season.

Gordon Castle. Domestica. 1. Gard. Chron. 26:364. 1866. 2. Garden 54:318. 1898.

A plum of the Reine Claude type which originated at Gordon Castle, England. Fruit large, obovate; greenish-yellow overspread with a reddish blush; flesh firm, sweet; good; mid-season.

Gorman. Species? Mentioned in Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 169. 1909.

Govalle. Triflora ×? 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:14. 1898. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 215. 1901.

Grown by Joseph Breck, Texas, supposedly from the Kelsey. Introduced by F. T. Ramsey in 1898. Fruit medium, oval; cavity shallow; bright red; flesh slightly soft, fibrous, sprightly; good; clingstone; early.

Grace. Americana. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 263. 1892. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 74. 1895.

Originated with W. R. Grace, Garden City, Kansas. Fruit of medium size, oblong, yellow striped with red, mottled and washed with dull purple; flesh yellow, melting, juicy; flavor rich, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Grand Précoce. Domestica? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 163, 357. 1895.

Mentioned in the preceding references.

Graugrüne Frühpflaume. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 432. 1889.

Mathieu found the variety referred to in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 287. 1884.

Gray Damask. Insititia. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 68, 70. 1699.

Mentioned by Quintinye as “a round plum of a gray color.”

Grayson. Munsoniana × Americana. 1. Sherman Cat. 1897. 2. Vt. Sta. Rpt. 12:225. 1899.

A seedling of Wild Goose crossed with some Americana; from A. L. Bruce, Basin Springs, Texas, about 1893. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture a line; clear red; dots many, conspicuous, yellow; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, soft; good; clingstone; season follows Wild Goose.

Great Bearer. Domestica. 1. Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt. 56. 1878.

Corse’s Great Bearer 1.

Undoubtedly originated with Henry Corse of Montreal, Canada. Fruit small, light blue; flavor fair; very prolific.

Greely. Domestica. 1. Me. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 130. 1888. 2. Ibid. 144. 1889. 3. Rural N. Y. 55:512. 1896.

Greeley 1, 3.

Captain Eliphalet Greely of Portland, Maine, secured the original tree from Montreal; introduced by O. K. Gerrish of Portland. A large, purple plum so closely resembling Bradshaw that some growers believe them to be identical; its season seems to be earlier than Bradshaw.

Greenfield. Domestica. 1. Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt. 51. 1878.

A seedling of Red Magnum Bonum raised by Mr. Greenfield of Canada. Tree hardy, productive; fruit large, red.

Green Indian. Domestica. 1. Willich Dom. Enc. 195. 1903.

White Indian 1.

Reported in 1803 as a very desirable variety.

Green Italian. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 3d App. 181. 1869.

From Germany; tree moderately vigorous, fairly productive; fruit medium, oval; suture a line; greenish-yellow splashed with green; bloom thin; cavity small; flesh green, coarse, juicy, sweet, rich; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Green Oysterly. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 577 fig., 578. 1629. 2. Rea Flora 207. 1676.

Described as roundish, of medium size, greenish, juicy, flavor “reasonably good.”

Green Perdrigon. Domestica. 1. Rea Flora 208. 1676.

Described by Rea nearly two hundred and fifty years ago as “a round plum, of medium size, green; flavor good.”

Green Pescod. Domestica. 1. Parkinson Par. Ter. 576. 1629.

Parkinson states that “this plum is of medium size, pointed; mid-season.”

Grelck. Cerasifera. 1. Wickson Cal. Fruits 358. 1891.

Supposedly a seedling grown by John Grelck of Los Angeles, California, who gave it to O. S. Chapin of San Diego County about 1883. Fruit small, round, light yellow with reddish shade, sprightly; good; season before Myrobalan; decidedly superior to Myrobalan.

Gros Damas de Tours. Domestica. 1. Quintinye Com. Gard. 70. 1699. 2. Duhamel Trait. Arb. Fr. 2:69. 1768. 3. Knoop Fructologie 2:56. 1771. 4. Forsyth Treat. Fr. Trees 19. 1803. 5. Willich Dom. Enc. 4:300. 1803. 6. Miller Gard. Dict. 3. 1807. 7. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 145, 147. 1831. 8. Prince Pom. Man. 2:86. 1832. 9. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 917. 1869. 10. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 433. 1889.

Damas de Tours 10. Damas de Tours Gros 7. Damas de Tours Gros 8, 9, 10. Damas gros de Tours 3. Damas Violet of Tours 4. Great Violet Damask de Tours 5. Great Damask Violet of Tours 6, 10. Great Damask Violet of Tours 9. Great Plum of Tours 7. Great Violet Tours Damask 1. Gros Damas 6. Grosse Damascene von Tours 10. Gros Damas de Tours 8, 9, 10. Gros Damas Violet de Tours 6. Largest Damask of Tours 8. Largest Damask of Tours 9, 10.

For historical notes and description see Précoce de Tours.

Gros Damas Noir. Domestica? 1. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:500. 1860.

A small mediocre plum mentioned by Noisette as ripening the last of July.

Grosse Hâtive de Rodt. Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 433. 1889.

Grosse Marange. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 433. 1889. 2. Guide Prat. 156, 357. 1895.

Hâtive d’Augny 1, 2.

This variety was grown by M. Chabardin of Augny near Metz, France, where it is considered very promising because of its high quality and earliness. Fruit medium in size, roundish; purplish; flesh yellowish-green, sweet; quality best of its season; very early.

Grosse Rosspauke. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Mathieu found it noted in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 287. 1884.

Grosse Surpasse. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:52. 1900. 2. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 432. 1905.

A small round plum tested at British Columbia Experimental Farm; yellow; flesh yellow, tender, sweet, pleasant; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

Grosse Violette de Grugliasco. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Grüne Dattel Zwetsche. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 444. 1881. 2. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Berliner Pflaume 2. Datte Verte 2. Grüne Dattelzwetsche 1. Grüne Insel Pflaume 2 incor. Susina Verdachia Longa 2. Weisse Indische Pflaume 2.

Mentioned in the preceding references. Grünliche Dattelpflaume von Besançon is given by Guide Pratique, 1895, as a synonym of the Yellow Egg.

Grüne Herzformige. Domestica. 1. Kraft Pom. Aust. 2:30, Tab. 176 fig. 1. 1796.

Die grüne herzförmige Pflaume 1. Prune coeur de pigeon verd 1.

An old European variety. Flowers small; fruit heart-shaped, greenish-yellow; flesh yellow, firm; stone uncommonly rough and uneven.

Grüne Zwetsche Von Monrepos. Species? Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Guilford No. 2. Hortulana mineri. 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 135. 1903 2. Ibid. 422. 1905.

A seedling of Miner from Illinois. Tree moderately vigorous, productive; fruit yellow, with a pink cheek; good; freestone; mid-season.

Guimaraen. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831.

Fruit medium in size, oval, yellow; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Guinea Egg. Americana. 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:263. 1900.

Found wild about 1857 by Frederick Albright, near Bangor, Marshall County, Iowa; not introduced. Tree vigorous, hardy; fruit large, dark red; skin thin; flesh firm; good; stone small.

Gundaker. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 6:524. 1851. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 383. 1857.

A large, heart-shaped, purple plum grown from seed by Samuel E. Gundaker, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, about 1820; of good quality.

Gundaker Prune. Domestica. 1. Horticulturist 6:524. 1851. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 382. 1857.

Groundacre 1, 2.

A seedling grown by Samuel E. Gundaker, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, about 1820; sent out by Samuel Carpenter of Lancaster, Ohio, as Groundacre. Tree productive; fruit large, oval, light yellow; good.

Guthrie Apricot. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 12:341. 1846. 2. U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt. 2:449. 1849. 3. McIntosh Bk. Gard. 2:531. 1855. 4. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 918. 1869. 5. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Abricot de Guthrie 5. Guthrie’s Apricot Plum 2. Guthrie’s Apricot 5. Guthrie’s Golden 4. Guthrie’s Golden 5. Guthrie’s New Apricot 3.

A seedling raised by Charles Guthrie of Taybank, Dundee, Scotland. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture slight; cavity small; yellow; bloom thin; dots red; flesh yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Guthrie Russet. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 919. 1869. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:167. 1873.

Rousse De Guthrie 2. Guthrie’s Russet 2.

A seedling of Reine Claude grown by Charles Guthrie, Taybank, Dundee, Scotland. Fruit large, oval; suture distinct; cavity small; stem slender; yellow, sometimes marbled with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Guthrie Topaz. Domestica. 1. Mag. Hort. 12:341. 1846. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 919. 1869. 3. Hogg Fruit Man. 728. 1884. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Guthrie’s Topaz 4. Guthrie’s Topaz 3, 4. Topaz 3. Topaze de Guthrie 4.

Grown by Charles Guthrie, Taybank, Dundee, Scotland, probably from seed of Reine Claude. Tree hardy, productive; fruit of medium size, oval, necked, suture distinct; cavity small; stem slender; yellow, with thin bloom; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; flavor not high but pleasant; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Gwalsh. Domestica. 1. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 301. 1845. 3. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 343. 1849.

From Thomas Hancock, Burlington, New York. Fruit large, obovate; suture indistinct; dark purple; flesh yellow, juicy, sprightly; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

Haag. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:24, 39. 1897. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:274. 1900. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 150. 1901.

Purchased from a nurseryman of Minneapolis and introduced as Haag by J. S. Haag, Hosper, Sioux County, Iowa. Tree moderately vigorous, spreading; fruit above medium size, roundish; suture distinct; flesh greenish-yellow, tender, sweet; good; stone oval, clinging; mid-season.

Hackl Grosse Zwetsche. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Reference to this variety found by Mathieu in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 287. 1884.

Haferpflaume. Insititia? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Blaue Krieche. Echte Hafer Pflaume. Echte Hafer Zwetsche.

Haffner Herbstpflaume. Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Haffner Königspflaume. Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Royale de Haffner.

Haku Botan. Triflora. 1. Va. Sta. Bul. 129:113. 1901.

Imported by the United States Department of Agriculture.

Hallenbeck. Domestica. 1. Cultivator 8:309. 1860. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 920. 1869.

Originated with Henry Hallenbeck, East Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York. Fruit large, roundish-oval, one side often enlarged, reddish-purple; numerous minute dots; flesh greenish-yellow, very juicy, sugary, brisk flavor; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Halcyon. Triflora × Munsoniana? 1. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 12:225. 1899. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 215. 1901.

Grown by J. S. Breece, North Carolina. Fruit heart-shaped; suture faint; bright red; dots few; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone large, oval, clinging.

Hanford. Domestica. 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 71. 1868.

Hanford’s Orleans 1.

Mentioned in 1868 by Lucius C. Frances in the report of the Illinois Horticultural Society.

Hanska. Americana × Simonii. 1. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 108: Pl. 5. 1908.

Originated by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station; first fruited in 1906 on two-year-old trees. Tree very vigorous, fruit of medium size, roundish-oblate, halves unequal; suture shallow; bright red; bloom heavy; flesh firm, reddish; stone very small; semi-free.

Hanson. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 151. 1901.

Said to be of value in the South. Fruit of medium size; nearly spherical; suture shallow; skin very thick; bright red over yellow; dots numerous; flesh yellow; sweet; good; stone round, slightly flattened, clinging; early.

Happiness. Triflora ×? 1. Griffing Bros. Cat. 1906-1909.

A chance seedling found by Joseph Breck about 1899; introduced by F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas; fruit large, bright red; good.

Harlow. Domestica. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 263. 1892. 2. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 74. 1895.

Supposed to be a seedling of Bradshaw; raised by S. C. Harlow, Bangor, Maine. Tree vigorous, hardy, productive; fruit large, oblong-oval; skin smooth, reddish-purple; dots numerous, fawn-colored; bloom light; flesh greenish-amber, melting, mildly subacid; mid-season.

Harney. Domestica. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 45. 1895.

Specimens of this plum from H. C. Cook, White Salmon, Washington, were described by the Division of Pomology, Department of Agriculture. Fruit large, roundish; cavity large, regular, deep, abrupt; suture shallow; purplish-red; dots large and small, russet; bloom thin; skin thin, tough; flesh pale yellow, tender, juicy, sweet, rich; very good; stone medium, roundish, nearly free; mid-season.

Harper. Munsoniana? 1. Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 28. 1876. 2. Ibid. 24. 1881.

Harper’s 1.

Originated about 1870. Fruit red; clingstone; mid-season.

Harriet. Domestica. 1. Gard. Chron. 18:441. 1882. 2. Hogg Fruit Man. 705. 1884.

Grown by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, about 1870. Fruit of the Reine Claude type, medium in size; roundish-oblate; cavity deep; suture slight; skin thin but rather tough; golden yellow sometimes specked with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, firm, very good; stone of medium size, oval, turgid, clinging; mid-season.

Harris. Hortulana mineri. 1. Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 225. 1877.

Tree and fruit much resemble Miner, but the ripening season is four weeks earlier; freestone.

Harrison. Americana. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 123. 1875. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:38, 86. 1892. 3. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:39, 40. 1897. 4. Waugh Plum Cult. 170. 1901.

Harrison’s Peach 1, 2, 3. Harrison’s Peach 4.

Found growing wild in Minnesota. Tree unproductive; fruit of medium size, oval; suture a line; cavity shallow; dots small; dull red; bloom thick; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet; quality fair; stone oval, pointed, flattened, semi-clinging; mid-season. Harrison is the parent of a great number of varieties.

Hart. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:40. 1897. 2. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:274. 1900. 3. S. Dak. Sta. Bul. 93:19. 1905.

Hart’s De Soto 1. Hart’s De Soto 2, 3.

A sprout taken from a tree bought for De Soto by H. Hart, Sioux County, Iowa, about 1890; widely distributed by the Iowa Agricultural College. The fruit resembles De Soto in color and shape, but ripens from ten days to two weeks earlier; somewhat larger in size but inferior in quality.

Hartwick. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 151. 1901.

Noted as of little value.

Hartwiss. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 383. 1857. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:123. 1873. 3. Lauche Deut. Pom. No. 3. Pl. 1882. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 453. 1889.

Hartwiss Gelbe Zwetsche 2, 3. Hartwiss Yellow Prune 1. Quetsche Jaune de Hartwiss 2. Quetsche Jaune de Hartwiss 4. Von Hartwiss’ Gelbe Zwetsche 4.

Obtained by Liegel from a pit of Quetsche Jaune Précoce and dedicated by him to the Director of the Imperial Gardens at Nikita, Crimea. Tree large, productive; fruit medium in size, irregularly oval; suture broad and shallow; halves unequal; skin canary-yellow, rather adherent; bloom thin; flesh yellow, tender, sweet; freestone; mid-season.

Harvest. Americana. 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 127. 1890.

Brought in from the wild by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit large, roundish-ovate; skin thin, red; quality fair; early.

Hattie. Cerasifera. 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 67. 1875. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:75, 86. 1892. 3. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 13:369. 1900.

Cultivated in the South. Tree dwarfish; branches stiff and rough; leaves small, folded upward, finely serrate; petioles glandless; flowers small and clustered; fruit small, roundish; suture a line; cavity small; stem slender; dull red; bloom thin; dots many, conspicuous; skin thin, tough; flesh yellow, soft, watery; quality fair; clingstone; early.

Hayo-Simoni. Triflora. 1. N. Mex. Sta. Bul. 27:124. 1898.

An upright, vasiform tree; fruit above medium, roundish-oblate; suture distinct; dark red; dots minute, yellow; bloom abundant; flesh dull yellow, firm, juicy, subacid; good; clingstone; early.

Hazard. Domestica. 1. John Watkins Cat.

Mentioned by John Watkins, nurseryman, Withington, England.

Heaton. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894.

Received by J. W. Kerr about 1894 from H. A. Terry, Iowa. Fruit medium to large, oblong-oval, dark purplish-red; freestone; early.

Hector. Domestica.

A chance seedling found about 1890 by Edward Smith on his farm at Hector, New York; introduced by E. Smith and Sons, Geneva, New York. Tree vigorous, hardy and productive; fruit one and three-quarters inches in diameter, roundish; cavity deep; suture shallow; stem short, thick; skin tender; dark reddish-purple; bloom thick; dots inconspicuous; flesh light yellow, juicy, tender, sweet, mild; quality good; stone semi-clinging, oval, turgid, slightly winged and necked; mid-season.

Heep. Angustifolia varians. 1. Waugh Plum Cult. 195. 1901.

F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas, offered this sort in his 1897 catalog as an old variety found in the orchard of a Mr. Heep. Tree very vigorous and productive; fruit above medium size, red; quality fair.

Heikes. Triflora. 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 62:23. 1894. 2. Ibid. 139:38, 42. 1897.

Burbank No. 4 1.

Imported by Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California, in 1885, and named for W. F. Heikes of the Huntsville Nurseries, Huntsville, Alabama. As tested at the Cornell Experiment Station similar to Satsuma if not identical with it.

Heine Superbe. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 434. 1889.

Helen. Species? 1. Am. Pom. Soc. Cat. 36. 1875.

Helen’s Seedling 1.

Listed in American Pomological Society catalog for eight years.

Hendrick. Munsoniana? 1. Ala. Sta. Bul. N. S. 11:12. 1890.

Hendrick’s 1.

Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, spherical, yellow, blushed with red; flesh tender; good; early.

Henrietta Gage. Domestica. 1. Gen. Farmer 9:232. 1848. 2. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 920. 1869. 3. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:169. 1873.

Early Genesee 2. Henrietta Gage 3. Reine-Claude D’Henrietta 3.

Originated about 1840 on the farm of a Mr. Brown, Henrietta, Monroe County, New York. Similar to Reine Claude but much earlier.

Henry Clay. Domestica. 1. Cultivator 3:20. 1855. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 2:95. 1873.

A seedling of Howard raised by Elisha Dorr, Albany, New York; named by Dr. Warder of Cincinnati, Ohio; first fruited in 1852. Fruit large, oval; suture broad and shallow; stem long, rather thick; skin clear yellow, often washed and dotted with red on the sunny exposure; flesh clear yellow, sweet, vinous; good; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

Herbst Kriecke. Insititia? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Mention of the variety found by Mathieu in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 288. 1884.

Herbstpflaume. Domestica. 1. Oberdieck Deut. Obst. Sort. 445. 1881.

A German variety; unproductive in dry soils.

Hereford Damson. Insititia. 1. Watkins Cat. 48. 1892?

Mentioned in the preceding reference as a favorite and very productive.

Herefordshire Prune. Domestica. 1. Thompson Gard. Ass’t 4:160. 1901.

Fruit large, obovate; flesh firm, yellowish-green.

Heron. Domestica. 1. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 26. 1894. 2. Cornell Sta. Bul. 131:187. 1897. 3. Rivers Cat. 35. 1898.

Originated and introduced by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England. Popular in England but on account of its poor foliage it is of little value in this country. Fruit large, roundish, dark purplish-red; dots small; skin sour; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, meaty, moderately juicy, subacid; good; stone large, oval, semi-free; early.

Heroy. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Herren. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:52. 1900.

A vigorous variety of the Reine Claude type grown in Germany. Fruit of medium size, roundish, slightly flattened at both ends; suture distinct; sides often unequal; dull yellow; flesh yellowish, firm, coarse, sweet, juicy, pleasant; freestone; mid-season.

Herzformige Pflaume. Species? Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Prune Cordiforme.

Heupflaume. Species? 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Reference obtained by Mathieu in Wiener Garten-Zeitung 288. 1884.

Hiawatha. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:41. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 152. 1901.

Introduced by C. W. H. Heideman, New Ulm, Minnesota, as an example of a staminate-flowered plum; rarely productive. Fruit very large, roundish-oblong, purplish-red; clingstone; early.

Highland. Domestica. 1. Cal. State Bd. Hort. Rpt. 8:47. 1897.

A seedling of Agen, grown by Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, long-oval, purplish-crimson; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; flavor excellent; stone nearly free.

Highlander. Domestica. 1. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 384. 1857.

Fruit large, irregularly ovate, deep blue; bloom thin; dots brown, numerous; yellow, juicy, vinous; semi-clinging; late.

Hilda No. 5. Hortulana mineri ×? 1. Ia. Sta. Bul. 46:274. 1900.

Originated under cultivation with J. F. Wagner, Bennett, Iowa, in 1894, from seed of Miner pollinated by a wild plum; not introduced. Fruit above medium size, dark red; used for jellies.

Hillside. Americana. 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 128. 1890.

Selected from wild plants by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit of medium size; skin thick, deep red, astringent.

Hilltop. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:42. 1897. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 152. 1901.

Fruit small, round-oval; suture a line; skin deep red; dots very minute; thick bloom; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone large, half-free.

Hilman. Americana. 1. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:13. 1901.

Fruit small, oblong; skin yellow, two-thirds covered with purple; dots conspicuous; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; stone small, oval; mid-season.

Hinkley. Americana. 1. Meneray Cat.

A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry and introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, yellow with a red cheek; flesh yellow, rich, sweet, semi-clinging; good.

Hlubeck Aprikosenpflaume. Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Hoag’s Seedling. Domestica. 1. N. Y. Sta. Rpt. 8:356. 1889.

Received for testing at the New York Experiment Station in 1889.

Hoffman. Munsoniana? 1. Cornell Sta. Bul. 38:63. 1892. 2. Thomas Am. Fruit Cult. 492. 1897.

A wild variety from southwestern Missouri. Fruit of medium size, roundish, purplish-red; mid-season.

Hofinger Mirabelle. Insititia. Listed in Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Hofinger’s Rote Mirabelle. Roter Spilling incor.

Hog.

A common name variously applied to P. americana, P. umbellata, P. hortulana and P. gracilis.

Holland. Domestica. 1. Coxe Cult. Fr. Trees 239. 1817. 2. Prince Pom. Man. 2:78. 1832. 3. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 301. 1845. 4. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1885.

Blue Holland 2, 3, 4. Holland Plum 1, 3. Holland Prune 4. Kensington Prune 2. Large Holland 2, 3.

An old variety supposed to have been brought into this country from Holland by the early Dutch settlers. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit roundish, slightly compressed, blue; stem very adherent; flesh juicy, melting, sweet, rich; freestone; mid-season.

Holland. Triflora × Angustifolia varians. 1. Vt. Sta. Bul. 67:14. 1898. 2. Kerr Cat. 1900. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 215. 1901.

A cross between Lone Star and Kelsey, grown by D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas; introduced by W. A. Yates in 1897. Fruit resembles Abundance in shape and size; yellowish-green splashed with red; flesh firm, juicy, vinous; semi-clinging; mid-season.

Holister. Munsoniana. 1. Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 275. 1893. 2. Waugh Plum Cult. 185. 1901.

Holister 1.

A variety said to have originated with a Mr. Holister of Cedar County, Iowa. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oblong; cavity shallow; suture faint; clear bright red; flesh soft, yellow, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Holman Prune. Domestica. 1. Sarcoxie Nur. Cat. 1892. 2. Can. Exp. Farm Bul. 2d Ser. 3:52. 1900.

A seedling grown by D. S. Holman, Springfield, Maine. Fruit of medium size, oblong, pointed; greenish-yellow; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, juicy; stone small, pointed, free; mid-season.

Holme. Domestica. 1. Peachland Nur. Cat.

Holmes Early Blue 1.

Introduced by J. Van Lindley, Pomona, North Carolina. Tree hardy, productive; fruit large, dark blue; good; early.

Holt. Americana. 1. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 392. 1891. 2. Colo. Sta. Bul. 50:37. 1898. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 152. 1901.

Originated with B. J. Holt of Rutland, Ohio. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit large, roundish, yellow shaded with red; flesh yellow, melting, juicy, mild subacid; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Homestead. Americana. 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 128. 1890. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 63:42. 1897.

Originated with H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit small, round, deep red; skin not at all adherent; flavor rich, somewhat resembling a peach; stone small, free.

Honey. Americana. 1. Kerr Cat. 1894. 2. Wis. Sta. Bul. 87:13. 1901. 3. Waugh Plum Cult. 153. 1901.

Tree unproductive; fruit small, oblate; cavity shallow; suture a line; yellow washed and shaded with red; flesh sweet; quality fair; clingstone; early.

Honey Julian. Domestica. Listed in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831.

Hoo Green Gage. Domestica. Mentioned in Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831.

Hoosier. Hortulana. 1. Sarcoxie Nur. Cat. 1900.

From Greene County, Missouri; introduced by Wild Brothers Nursery. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit above medium size, roundish; suture a line; dark cherry-red; bloom thin; dots distinct; flesh yellow; good; clingstone; late.

Horemoritzer Reine Claude. Domestica. 1. Mathieu Nom. Pom. 435. 1889.

Reference found by Mathieu in Pomologische Monatshefte 33. 1889.

Horrigan. Domestica. 1. Can. Exp. Farm. Bul. 43:38. 1903.

Mentioned as being tested.

Horse. Species? 1. Knoop Fructologie 62. 1771. 2. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. 148. 1831. 3. Prince Pom. Man. 2:87. 1832. 4. Kenrick Am. Orch. 263. 1832. 5. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 301. 1845. 6. Floy-Lindley Guide Orch. Gard. 303. 1846. 7. Vt. Sta. An. Rpt. 13:335. 1899.

Early Damson 3. Horse Plum 3, 4. Irish Horse Plum 2. Large Early Damson 3. Large Early Damson 5. Large Sweet Damson 4. Prune de Cheval 1. Ros-pruim Double 1. Sweet Damson 3, 5.