The Book of History
Reading edition
A History of all Nations
FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE PRESENT
WITH OVER 8000 ILLUSTRATIONS
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY VISCOUNT BRYCE, P.C., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S.
CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS
W. M. Flinders Petrie, LL.D., F.R.S UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON
Hans F. Helmolt, Ph.D. EDITOR, GERMAN “HISTORY OF THE WORLD”
Stanley Lane-Poole, M.A., Litt.D. TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN
Robert Nisbet Bain ASSISTANT LIBRARIAN, BRITISH MUSEUM
Hugo Winckler, Ph.D. UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN
Archibald H. Sayce, D.Litt., LL.D. OXFORD UNIVERSITY
Alfred Russel Wallace, LL.D., F.R.S. AUTHOR, “MAN’S PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE”
Sir William Lee-Warner, K.C.S.I. MEMBER OF COUNCIL OF INDIA
Holland Thompson, Ph.D. THE COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
W. Stewart Wallace, M.A. UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
Maurice Maeterlinck ESSAYIST, POET, PHILOSOPHER
Dr. Emile J. Dillon UNIVERSITY OF ST. PETERSBURG
Arthur Mee EDITOR, “THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE”
Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B., D.Sc. LATE COMMISSIONER FOR UGANDA
Johannes Ranke UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH
K. G. Brandis, Ph.D. UNIVERSITY OF JENA
And many other Specialists
Volume I
MAN AND THE UNIVERSE
The World before History The Great Steps in Man’s Development Birth of Civilisation and the Growth of Races Making of Nations and the Influence of Nature
JAPAN
The Country and the People
NEW YORK . . THE GROLIER SOCIETY
LONDON . THE EDUCATIONAL BOOK CO.
EDITORIAL AND CONTRIBUTING STAFF
OF
THE BOOK OF HISTORY
Rt. Hon. Viscount Bryce, F.R.S. Formerly British Ambassador to the United States, Author of “The American Commonwealth”
Professor E. Ray Lankester, F.R.S. President British Association, 1906–7; Past Director of South Kensington Museum of Natural History
Dr. Alfred Russel Wallace, F.R.S. Co-discoverer with Darwin of the Theory of Natural Selection; Author of “Man’s Place in the Universe”
Dr. William Johnson Sollas, F.R.S. Professor of Geology at Oxford University
Dr. W. M. Flinders Petrie, F.R.S. Professor of Egyptology, University College, London; Founder of British School of Archæology in Egypt
Professor Wm. Boyd Dawkins, F.R.S. Professor of Geology at Victoria University, Manchester; Author of “Early Man in Britain”
Frederic Harrison, M.A. Hon. Fellow and formerly Tutor of Wadham College, Oxford; Vice-President of the Royal Historical Society
Dr. Archibald H. Sayce Professor of Assyriology at Oxford University
Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B. Doctor of Science of Cambridge University; late Commissioner and Consul-General for Uganda
Dr. J. Holland Rose Cambridge University Lecturer on Modern History; Author of “Development of the European Nations”
Dr. Stanley Lane-Poole Professor of Arabic at Trinity College, Dublin
Sir John Knox Laughton Professor of Modern History at King’s College, London University; Editor of Lord Nelson’s Despatches
Oscar Browning, M.A. Fellow of King’s College, Cambridge; University Lecturer in History
Professor Ronald M. Burrows Professor of Greek at University College of South Wales; Author of “Discoveries in Crete”
David George Hogarth, M.A. Director of Cretan Exploration Fund and Past Director of the British School at Athens
Herbert Paul, M.P. Author of “A History of Modern England”
Sir Robert K. Douglas Professor of Chinese at King’s College, University of London; late Keeper of Oriental Books, British Museum
Dr. Hugo Winckler Professor of History and Oriental Languages at the University of Berlin
Sir William Lee-Warner, K.C.S.I. Member of the Council of India; Formerly Scholar of St. John’s College, Cambridge
Dr. E. J. Dillon Author and Journalist; Master of Oriental Languages at the University of St. Petersburg
William Romaine Paterson, M.A. Author of “The Nemesis of Nations”
W. Warde Fowler, M.A. Scholar and Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford; Author of “The City-State of the Greeks and Romans”
Dr. H. F. Helmolt Author of “German History” and Editor of the German “History of the World”
Professor Konrad Haebler Of the Imperial Library of Berlin
Professor Richard Mayr Of the Vienna Academy of Commerce
Arthur Mee Editor of The Book of Knowledge.
Professor Rudolf Scala Of the Imperial University of Vienna
Professor Karl Weule Director of the Leipzig Museum of Anthropology
Professor Wilhelm Walther Of the University of Rostock
Arthur Christopher Benson, M.A. Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge; Editor of The Correspondence of Queen Victoria
Major Martin Hume Lecturer in Spanish History and Literature at Pembroke College, Cambridge
Robert Nisbet Bain Traveller and Historian; Assistant Librarian at the British Museum
Richard Whiteing Author of “The Life of Paris”
His Excellency Max von Brandt Ex-German Ambassador to China and Minister in Japan
Francis H. Skrine Traveller and Explorer; late of the Indian Civil Service
Holland Thompson, Ph. D. The College of the City of New York.
Dr. Archdall Reid, F.R.S.E. Author of “The Principles of Heredity”
Arthur Diósy Founder of the Japan Society; Author of “The New Far East”
Dr. K. G. Brandis Director of the University Libraries at Jena
Thomas Hodgkin, D.C.L. Author of “A Political History of England”
Professor Joseph Kohler Professor of Jurisprudence at Berlin University
Angus Hamilton Late Educational Adviser to the Government of Siam
J. G. D. Campbell, M.A. Traveller and Correspondent in the Far East; Author of “Afghanistan”
W. R. Carles, C.M.G. Geographer; late British Consul at Tientsin, China
Professor Johannes Ranke Professor of Anthropology, Physiology, and Natural History at Munich
W. S. Wallace, M. A. University of Toronto.
Hon. Bernhard R. Wise Scholar of Queen’s College, Oxford; Ex-Attorney-General of New South Wales
K. W. C. Davis, M.A. Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford