Part 2 — INDEX OF SUBJECTS. (continued 2)

with postquam, ubī̆, ut, &c., 1928, 1929, 1932, 1933;

with dum, dōnec, 1997, 2009;

in conditional prot., 2023, 2048-2051;

in conditional apod., 2023, 2029, 2036, 2104, 2107.

Subjunctive, formation of, 881;

-ēt, 68;

short or old forms, 885-893;

in wishes, 1544;

in expressions of obligation or necessity, 1552;

of action conceivable, 1561;

of repeated action, 1730;

sequence of, 1762, 1763;

in subordinate sentence, following secondary, 1747, 1762, 1766, 1771, 2322;

following pres. of vivid narration and pres. of quotation, 1752;

following primary, 1753, 2329;

following perf. definite, 1754;

following perf. infin., or perf. partic., 1767;

with cum, 1872, 1873;

with quotiēns, quotiēnscumque, 1887;

with antequam, priusquam, 1914, 1920, 1921;

with posteā quam, postquam, &c., 1924;

with dōnec, 2009;

with indef. rel. pron. or adv., 1814;

in conditional prot., 2024, 2071, 2089, 2091, 2096, 2098-2107;

in conditional apod., 2024, 2041, 2071, 2073, 2083, 2089, 2091, 2095, 2099;

with quasi, tamquam sī, &c., 2120;

in ind. disc. representing a fut. perf., 2324;

in conditional apod. of direct discourse, how represented in ind. disc., 2331-2334.

Plural number,

in nouns, defined, 414;

lacking, see Defective;

with different meaning from sing., 418, 480;

of material substs., 416, 1108;

of abstracts, 416, 1109;

of proper names, 416, 1105;

of names of countries, 1107;

in generalizations and in poetry, 1110;

adjs. in, used as substs., 1103, 1104, 1106;

in substs., in agreement, 1077-1081;

in adjs., prons., and partic., in agreement, 1082-1098;

in verbs, defined, 722;

with sing. and plur. subjects, 1062-1076;

of modesty, 1074;

of gerundive with nostrī, &c., 2261.

Polysyllables,

quantity of penult in, 2434-2436;

quantity of final syllable in, 2437-2457.

Position,

syllables long by, 177;

syllable containing vowel before mute or f followed by l or r, 178;

final short vowel before word beginning with two consonants or double cons., 2458;

final s does not always make, 2468;

of preps., 1433-1437.

Positive,

expressing disproportion, 1454;

used in comparison of adjs. and advs., 1457, 1458;

combined with a compar., 1458;

expressed by compar. with abl., 1464;

see Comparison, Affirmative.

Possession,

adj. suffixes implying, 298, 302-330;

expressed by dat., 1207, 1212-1216;

expressed by gen., 1232-1238.

Possessive compounds, 385.

Possessive pronouns,

decl. of, 652-655;

agreement of, 1082-1098;

used instead of gen. of personal or reflexive pron., 1234, 1262;

with word in apposition in gen., 1235;

with rēfert and interest, 1277;

gen. of, with infin., 1237, 2208, 2211;

implying antecedent to rel., 1807;

of reflexive, referring to subj. of verb, 2336;

of reflexive, referring to word not subj. of verb, 2337;

of reflexive, in construction of acc. with infin., 2338-2340;

of reflexive, in subordinate clauses, 2341-2343;

omitted, 2346;

meaning proper, appropriate, favourable, 2346;

see meus, &c.

Possessor,

dat. of, 1212-1216, 1478, 2181, 2243.

Possibility,

expressed by subjv., 1554-1562;

denoted by gerundive, 2249;

verbal expressions of, see Ability.

Postpositive,

words, 1676, 1688;

preps., 1433-1436.

Posttonic syllable, 102.

Potential, use of verb, 2305;

see Action conceivable.

Prayer,

duim, &c. in, 756;

forms of perf. subjv. and fut. perf. in, 887;

expressed by imper., 1571;

in verse, 2549.

Predicate,

defined, 1023, 1035;

omitted, 1036;

enlarged, 1048-1054;

pred. subst., verb agreeing with, 1072;

agreement of pred. subst., 1077-1081;

in oblique case, 1052, 1363;

pred. adj., agreement of, 1082-1098;

pred. nom., with verb of indeterminate meaning, 1035;

with other verbs, 1051;

infin. as pred. nom., 2207;

noun, in nom. with complementary infin., 2171;

in acc., referring to subj. acc. 2174;

in nom., with verbs of perceiving, knowing, &c., used in pass., 2177;

in nom., with verbs of perceiving, knowing, &c., used in act., 2184;

in acc., referring to unexpressed indef. subj. of infin., 2213;

in dat., with implied subj. of infin., 2214;

in acc., with verbs of making, choosing, naming, &c., 1167, 1168;

pred. uses of gen., 1236, 1237, 1239, 1251;

pred. use of abl. of quality, 1375;

with ūtor. 1381;

pred. partic. with ūsus est, opus est, 1382;

pred. use of prepositional expressions, 1428;

pron. agreeing with pred. subst., 1097, 1806;

pred. use of gen. of gerundive construction, 2262-2264;

see Predicative.

Predicative,

dat., 1219-1225;

partic., 2297-2299.

Prefixes,

advs. as verbal, 1402-1409.

Prepositions,

defined, 11, 696, 1402;

as proclitics, 92;

accent of, when following case, 92;

how written in inscriptions and mss., 92;

as positive, 357;

compounded with nouns or noun stems, 381-383, 385, 390;

compounded with verbs, 391, 392;

inseparable, 392, 1409;

origin of, 696, 1402-1404;

function of, 1405;

inflected forms of substs. used as, 1406, 1413, 1419, 1420;

trace of adverbial use in tmesis, 1407;

use as advs. and as preps. discussed, 1412-1416, 1421;

used with acc., 1410-1416;

used with abl., 1415-1421;

used with abl. proper, 1297, 1415, 1419-1421;

used with loc. abl., 1299, 1416;

used with instrumental abl., 1300;

with acc. or abl., 1422-1425, 1415;

substs. combined by, 1426-1428;

repetition of, with two or more substs., 1429;

omission of, with a second subst., 1430;

two. with one subst., 1431, 1432;

position of, 1433-1437;

in oaths, 1437;

verbs compounded with, cases after, 1137, 1138, 1188-1191, 1194-1199, 1209;

with infin. as obj., 2205;

with gerundive construction or gerund in acc., 2252, 2253;

in abl., 2267;

with subst. and partic., 2285, 2286;

for special uses of different preps., see Index of Latin Words.

Present stems,

used as roots, 190-194, 855;

roots used as, 738-743, 828, 844.

Present system,

of verbs, formation of, 828-853.

Present tense,

indicative formation of, 828-840;

-īt, -āt, -ēt, 132;

-ōr, 132;

dat. of possessor with, 1216, 1478, 2181;

uses of, in simple sentence, 1587-1593, 1601;

of pres. action, 1587;

of customary or repeated action, or general truth, 1588;

of past action, still continued, 1589;

of vivid narration, 1590, 1639;

the annalistic, 1591;

of verbs of hearing, seeing, saying, 1592;

in quotations, 1592;

of fut. action, 1593, 2026;

in letters, 1601;

sequence of, 1717, 1740-1746, 1749-1753, 2322-2324, 2326-2329;

in subordinate sentence, rel. time, 1733-1735;

independent, 1738;

with cum, 1860-1862, 1866, 1867, 1869, 1871;

with quoniam, 1883;

with antequam, priusquam, 1915, 1918;

with postquam, ubī̆, ut, &c., 1926, 1927, 1930, 1932;

with dum, dōnec, quoad, quamdiū, 1995, 2000, 2001, 2006, 2007, 2009;

in conditional prot., 2023, 2026-2033, 2065-2068, 2074;

in conditional apod., 2023, 2026, 2034, 2042, 2048, 2052, 2059, 2078.

Subjunctive, formation of, 841-843;

-īt, -āt, -ēt, 132;

-ār, 132;

in wishes, 1541, 1542;

in exhortations, prohibitions, &c., 1548, 1550, 1551;

of action conceivable, 1556;

of repeated action, 1730;

primary, 1762;

referring to fut. time, 1743, 1749;

following perf. definite, 1754;

following secondary in rel., causal, and concessive sentences, 1756;

following secondary in consecutive sentences, 1757;

following secondary in indirect question, 1760;

following secondary in ind. disc., 2328;

in sequence with adjacent verb, 1761;

of action non-occurrent, in pres. sequence, 1763;

in sequence with perf. infin., 1768;

with antequam, priusquam, 1912, 1915, 1919;

with ut purpose, 1962;

with dum, dōnec, quoad, 2003, 2005, 2007;

with modo, 2003;

in conditional prot., 2023, 2070, 2072, 2076-2083, 2090, 2093, 2096;

in conditional apod., 2023, 2033, 2039, 2046, 2057, 2064, 2070, 2076, 2084, 2090;

with quasi, tamquam sī, &c., 2119;

in ind. disc. representing a fut., 2324.

Infinitive, see Infinitive.

Participle, see Participles.

Preventing,

see Hindering.

Priapean, 2674.

Price,

gen. of, 1271;

abl. of, 1388-1392.

Primary tenses, 1717, 1762.

Primitive,

defined, 198;

substs., 204-245, see Substantives;

adjs., 280-297, 305, see Adjectives;

verbs, theme in, 738-741;

inflection of, 743-791;

formation of pres. stem of, 828-838;

list of, 922-986, see Verbs.

Principal cases, 1111, 1112.

Principal parts,

of the verb, 733-735;

classification of verbs according to, 920-1022, see Verbs.

Privation,

see Separation.

Proceleusmatic, 2521.

Proclitics, 92.

Prohibitions,

expressed by subjv., 1547-1551;

expressed by imper., 1581-1586;

expressed by fut., 1624;

perf. infin. with volō, nōlō in, 2224.

Promise,

expressed by fut., 1619;

implication of, in fut. perf., 1629.

Promising,

verbs of, with acc. and infin., 2186;

with pres. infin., 2186, 2221, 2236.

Pronominal,

see Pronouns.

Pronoun,

questions, 1526-1530;

questions, indirect, 1785.

Pronouns,

defined, 9;

as proclitics, 92;

inflection of, 644-694;

personal, 644-651;

reflexive, 644-651;

possess., 652-655;

demonstrative, 656-670;

determinative, 656-659, 671-675;

of identity, 656-659, 676-678;

intensive, 656-659, 679, 680;

rel., interrogative, indef. 656-659, 681-694;

interrogative, adj. and subst. forms of, 683-685;

indef., adj. and subst. forms of, 686;

reduplicated, 650;

correlative, 695, 1831;

advs. from, 696-698, 701, 702, 704-710.

Agreement of, 1093-1098, 1801-1811, see Agreement;

adj., equivalent to gen., 1098, 1234, 1262;

used in neut. acc. with verbal expressions, 1144;

as connectives, 2129-2132;

use of, in ind. disc., 2325, 2338-2342;

use of, 2335-2403;

use of personal, 2335;

use of reflexive, 2336-2345;

use of possess., 2346;

use of hīc, 2347-2355;

use of iste, 2356, 2357;

use of ille, 2358-2364;

use of is, 2365-2370;

use of īdem, 2371-2373;

use of ipse, 2374-2384;

use of uter, quis, 2385, 2386;

use of rel., 1792-1837;

use of indef. quis, quī, 2388, 2389;

use of aliquis, 2390, 2391;

use of quīdam, 2392, 2393;

use of quisque, 2394-2398;

use of uterque, 2399, 2400;

use of quīvīs, quīlibet, utervīs, uterlibet, 2401;

use of quisquam, ūllus, 2402;

use of nēmō, nihil, nūllus, neuter, 2403;

place of reciprocal taken by inter nōs, &c., invicem, &c., 2344, 2345;

see Relative, &c., quī, &c.

Pronunciation,

of names of characters of alphabet, 16, 31-72;

of vowels, 33, 37-42;

of diphthongs, 47, 49;

of consonants, 53-72;

change of sound of vowels, 103-145;

of diphthongs, 95-101;

of consonants, 146-174;

rules of vowel quantity, 34-36, 2429-2472, see Quantity;

division of syllables, 175;

long and short syllables, 177, 178;

of es, est in combination with other words, 747;

see also Accent, Substitution, Development, Disappearance, Assimilation, Dissimilation, Interchange, Lengthening, Shortening, Weakening, Hiatus, Contraction, Elision.

Proper,

names, defined, 5;

of -o- decl., form and accent of voc. and gen. sing. of, 87, 456-459;

with accent on final syllable, 88;

plur. of, 416, 1105;

ending in, -āius, -ēius, -ōius, declensional forms of, 458;

with attribute attached, 1044;

see Greek.

Proportionals, 2423.

Propriety,

verbal expressions of, in indic., 1495-1497;

subjv. coordinated with verbal expressions of, 1709;

verbal expressions of, in conditional periods, 2074, 2101;

expressed by subjv., 1547-1552;

expressed by gerundive construction, 2243, 2248.

Prosody, 2429-2739;

see Quantity, Figures of prosody, Versification.

Protasis,

defined, 1061;

fut. perf. in, coincident in time with fut. perf. in apod., 1627;

concessive, 2116;

see Conditional, Relative, Conjunctive.

Protest,

introduced by sentence with quod, 1842.

Protestations,

subjv. in, 1542;

fut. in, 1622;

ita . . . ut, 1542, 1622, 1937.

Protraction, 2516.

Proviso,

introduced by ut, nē . . . ita, 1964;

by dum, 2003;

by modo, 2003.

Punishment,

see Penalty.

Purpose,

dat. of, 1223-1225;

clauses, tense of, after perf. definite, 1754;

rel. sentences of, 1817;

expressed by quod, id, 1840;

sentences of, with priusquam, 1919;

sentences of, with ut, nē, &c., 1947-1964;

sentences of, with quō, 1974;

sentences of, with adv. quī, 1976;

sentences of, with dum, dōnec, &c., 2005-2009;

infin. of, 2164, 2165;

expressed by acc. of gerundive construction, 2250;

expressed by dat. of gerundive construction, 2256;

expressed by gerundive construction or gerund with causā, 2164, 2258, 2270;

expressed by gen. of gerundive construction alone, 2263;

expressed by gen. of gerund alone, 2263;

expressed by acc. of gerundive construction or gerund with ad, 2164, 2270;

denoted by supine, 1166, 2270;

expressed by partic., 2295;

use of reflexive pron. in subjv. clauses of, 2341, 2342.

Pyrrhic, 2522.

Pythiambic strophe,

in Horace, 2722, 2723.

Q

Qualitative,

vowel changes, 136-143;

gradation, 145.

Quality,

subst. suffixes denoting, 246-264;

adj. suffixes denoting, 281-297;

gen. of, 1239, 1240;

abl. of, 1375.

Quantitative,

vowel gradation, 135;

verse, 2548;

theory of the Saturnian, 2551.

Quantity,

of diphthongs, 47, 125;

how denoted in inscriptions, 24, 29;

how denoted in books, 30, 2514;

common, definition and sign of, 30, 2514;

pronunciation of long and short vowels, 33, 38-40;

change in quantity of vowels and preservation of long quantity, 123-133;

long and short syllables, 177;

of syllable containing vowel before mute or f followed by l or r, 178;

general principles of vowel quantity, 35-36;

vowel before another vowel or h, 35;

diphthong before a vowel, 125;

compounds of prae, 125;

gen. in āī, 127, 7;

length of e in diē̆ī, rē̆ī, fidē̆ī, ē̆ī, 127, 4; 601, 602;

the endings -āī, -āīs, -ōī, -ōīs, -ēī, -ēīs, 127, 7;

gen. in -īus, -ius, 127, 6; 618, 656, 657, 694;

vowel before nf, ns, cons. i, gn, 122;

as determining accent, 86-88;

-īt in perf., 857;

ī, i, in perf. subj. 877, 878;

ī, i, in fut. perf., 883, 884;

rules of, in classical Latin, 2429-2463;

monosyllables, 2430-2433;

penults, 2434-2436;

final syllables ending in vowel, 2437-2446;

final syllables ending in single cons. not s, 2447-2450;

final syllables ending in s, 2451-2457;

position, 2458;

hidden, 2459-2463;

some peculiarities of, in old Latin, 2464-2469;

law of Iambic shortening, 2470-2472;

in versification, 2514-2518.

Quaternārius,

iambic, 2617-2620;

trochaic, 2643;

anapaestic, 2687.

Questioning,

verbs of, with two accusatives, 1169-1171;

with acc. and prepositional phrase, 1170;

with indirect question, 1774.

Questions,

indic. in, 1499;

commoner in Latin than in English, 1500;

two, short (quid est, quid vērō, &c.) leading to longer, 1500;

kinds of, 1501.

Yes or No questions, 1501-1525;

confounded with exclamations and declarations, 1502;

without interrogative particle, 1502;

with nōn, 1502;

with -ne, -n, 1503-1505;

with nōnne, 1503, 1506;

with nōnne . . . nōn . . . nōn, 1506;

with num, 1503, 1507;

with numne, 1507;

an, anne, ān nōn in single, 1503, 1508;

with ecquis, ecquō, ecquandō, ēn umquam, 1509;

with satin, satin ut, 1510;

how answered, 1511-1514.

Alternative, history of, 1515-1517;

without interrogative particle, 1518;

with utrum, -ne, -n, and an, anne, an nōn, 1519;

with necne, 1520;

with several alternatives, 1521;

with utrum, and -ne and an, 1522;

with utrumne . . . an, 1522;

with no alternative expressed, 1523;

how answered, 1525.

Pronoun questions, 1526-1530;

introduced by interrogative advs., 1526;

with ut, how, 1528;

with quisne, &c., 1529;

two or more with one verb, 1530.

Subjunctive questions, 1563-1570;

of appeal, 1563;

in alternative form, 1564;

asking whether action is conceivable, 1565;

in exclamative sentences, with no interrogative word or with -ne, 1566, 1567;

with utī, ut, 1568;

with utī, ut, and -ne, -n, 1569;

in subordinate sentence, 1731;

tense of, in subordinate sentence, 1753.

Indirect, defined, 1773;

subjv. in, 1773;

expressions introducing, 1774;

with verbs of fearing, 1774, 1959;

sequence of tenses in, 1760;

Yes or No questions as, 1775-1777;

introduced by sī, sī fōrte, 1777;

alternative questions as, 1778-1784;

introduced by quī sciō an, quī scīs an, quis scit an, 1781;

introduced by haud sciō an, 1782;

without interrogative particle, 1784;

pron. questions as, 1785;

original subjv. questions as, 1786;

rel. constructions distinguished from, 1791;

use of reflexive pron. in, 2341, 2342.

Accusative without verb in, 1150;

verbal expressions denoting ability, duty, propriety, necessity in, 1495-1497;

in indic. pres. or fut., intimating command, exhortation, deliberation, appeal, 1531, 1623;

set forms expressing curiosity, incredulity, wrath, captiousness, 1532;

threats introduced by scī̆n quō modō, 1532;

united with partic., abl. abs., or subordinate sentence, 1533;

coordinate with imper. or tē rogō, scī̆n, &c., 1697, 1787;

introduced by indef. nesciō quis, &c., 1788, 1789;

mīrum quantum, &c., 1790;

direct, defined, 1723;

question and answer, original form of rel. sentence, 1795;

in apod. of conditional sentence, 2018;

introduced by nam, 2155;

in ind. disc., 2312-2314;

use of uter, quis, quī, 2385, 2386.

R

Reason,

introduced by quod, 1853;

introduced by nōn quō, &c, 1855;

introduced by quoniam, 1884;

expressed by tamquam, 1909;

coordinated members denoting, 1703;

see Cause.

Recessive accent, 89-91.

Reciprocal,

action, deponents expressing, 1487, see Reflexive;

pron., place taken by inter nōs. &c., īnvicem, &c., 2344, 2345;

relations, expressed by uterque and alter, 2400.

Redundant verbs, 818-823, 924-1019.

Reduplication,

defined, 189; in prons., 650;

in verb roots, 758, 828, 829;

in perf., 858-861, 922-932, 989, 995, 1011.

Reflexive pronouns,

decl. of, 644-651;

possess., 652-655;

possess. used instead of gen., 1234, 1262;

gen. of, used possessively, 1234;

preps. following, 1435;

referring to subj. of verb, 2336;

referring to word not the subj. of verb, 2337;

in construction of acc. with infin., 2338-2340;

in subordinate clauses, 2341-2343;

inter sē, invicem inter sē, invicem sē, invicem, and expressions with alter, alius, for reciprocal, 2344, 2345;

possess. omitted, 2346;

possess. meaning proper, appropriate, favourable, 2346;

is used for, 2370;

ipse with, 2376;

see suī, suus.

Reflexive verbs, 1481;

pres. partic. of, in reflexive sense, 1482;

gerund of, in reflexive sense, 1482;

deponents, 1487;

with acc., 1148.

Reizianus versus, 2625, 2626.

Relation,

dat. of, 1217, 1218.

Relationship,

words of, with gen., 1203.

Relative adverbs, 711;

in place of rel. pron. and prep., 1793;

correlative prons. and advs., 1831;

adv., utī, ut, 1935;

quoad, 1991.

Relative conjunctive particles, 1794;

sentences introduced by, 1838-2122.

Relative pronouns,

decl. of. 658, 659, 681-694;

agreement of, 1094-1098, 1801-1811;

agreement determined by sense, 1095, 1804;

with several substs., 1096, 1803;

referring to proper name and explanatory appellative combined, 1805;

agreeing with pred. subst., 1097, 1806;

equivalent to gen., 1098;

verb agreeing in pers. with antec. of rel., 1807;

verb agreeing in pers. with antec. of rel. implied in possess., 1807;

rel. attracted to case of antec., 1808;

word in appos. with rel., 1809;

word explanatory of antec. agreeing with rel., 1810;

quod, id quod, quae rēs, 1811;

rel. introducing main sentence, 1835;

rel. introducing main sentence put in acc. with infin. in ind. disc., 2316;

with a compar., 1321, 1326;

preps. following, 1434, 1435;

introducing rel. sentence, 1792;

representing any pers., 1792;

rel. advs. instead of, 1793;

developed from interrogative pron., 1795, 1808;

quod before sī, &c., 1837;

as connectives, 2128, 2131, 2132;

see quī.

Relative sentence,

treated, 1792-1837;

introduced by rel. words, 1792-1794;

development of, 1795;

preceding main sentence, 1795;

with subst. in both members, 1795, 1796;

following main sentence, 1796;

urbem quam statuō vostra est, 1797;

with determinative, demonstrative, subst., omitted, 1798;

quā prūdentiā es, nihil tē fugiet, 1800;

indic. in, 1721;

tense of, after secondary, 1756;

subjv. of ind. disc. and attraction in, 1722, 1815;

subjv. of repeated action in, 1730, 1815;

equivalent to conditional prot., indic. or subjv. in, 1812, 2110;

of simple declarations or descriptions, indic. in, 1813;

introduced by indef. prons. and advs., indic. in, 1814;

of purpose, subjv. in, 1817;

of characteristic or result, subjv. in, 1818-1823;

with dignus, indignus, idōneus, aptus, 1819;

coordinated with subst., adj., or partic., 1820;

with antec. omitted, indef. antec., or nēmō est quī, nihil est quod, &c., 1799, 1821, 1822;

sunt quī, &c., with indic., 1823;

of cause, reason, proof, concession, subjv. in, 1824-1830;

quī tamen with indic., 1825;

sentences with indic., resembling causal sentences, 1826;

quippe quī, ut quī, ut pote quī, with indic. and subjv., 1827;

quippe quī (adv.), ut quī, 1828;

parenthetical subjv., quod sciam, quī quidem, 1829;

quod attinet ad, &c., 1830;

following praeut, 1945;

coordination of rel. sentences, with rel. omitted, 1832, 1833;

with rel. repeated, 1833;

with second rel. replaced by is, hīc, &c., 1833;

subordination of, 1834;

equivalent to main sentence, 1835;

equivalent to main sentence, in ind. disc., 2316;

other rel. sentences in ind. disc., 2315, 2318, 2319;

quō factō, &c., 1836;

coordinated member equivalent to, 1698;

represented by partic., 2294.

Relative time,

of subordinate sentence, 1732, 1741.

Remembering,

adjs. meaning, with gen., 1263, 1264;

verbs of, with gen., 1287-1291;

with acc., 1288;

with de and abl., 1289, 1290;

with infin., 2169.

Reminding,

verbs of, cases with, 1172, 1291.

Remove,

verbs meaning, with abl., 1302-1306;

with dat., 1195, 1209.

Repeated,

action (ter in annō, &c.), 1353;

expressed by pres. indic., 1588;

by impf. indic., 1596;

subjv. of, 1730; subjv. of,

in cum sentences, 1859, 1860;

subjv. of, in sentences with quotiēns, quotiēnscumque, 1887;

subjv. of, in sentences with dum, dōnec, quoad, quamdiū, 1994, 2002, 2009;

with postquam, ubī̆, ut, 1932;

in general conditions, 2026, 2034, 2035, 2037, 2044, 2050, 2071.

Represent,

verbs meaning, with pres. partic. used predicatively, 2298, 2299;

with infin., 2299.

Request,

expressed by imper., 1571;

expressed by fut., 1624;

verbs of, subjv. coordinated with, 1708;

with purpose clause, 1950.

Resemblance,

adj. suffixes denoting, 299-301.

Resisting,

verbs of, with dat., 1181;

with nē and subjv., 1960;

with quōminus, 1977;

with quīn, 1986.

Resolution, 2518.

Resolve,

verbs meaning, with purpose clause, 1950;

with infin., 1953, 2169;

with acc. and infin., 2193.

Rest,

verbs of, followed by in or sub and abl., 1423;

followed by in and acc., 1424.

Restraining,

verbs of, with nē, 1960, 1977;

with quōminus, 1960, 1977;

with quīn, 1986;

with acc. and infin., 2203;

with acc. of gerundive construction or gerund, 2252.

Result,

clauses, tense of, after secondary, 1757-1759;

rel. sentences of, 1818-1823;

with dīgnus, indīgnus, &c., 1819;

after assertions or questions of existence or non-existence, 1821, 1822;

sentences with ut, ut nōn, &c., 1947, 1948, 1965-1970;

tantum abest, 1969;

quam ut, 1896;

coordinated member equivalent to clause of, 1700;

dat. of, 1219-1222;

suffixes denoting, 213, 222, 231, 234-236, 239, 249, 296.

Rhetorical questions,

see Appeal.

Rhythm,

defined, 2511;

kinds of, 2525-2528;

Numeri Italici, 2549;

Saturnian, 2550-2554;

dactylic, 2555-2580;

iambic, 2581-2627;

trochaic, 2628-2649;

logaoedic, 2650-2674;

dactylo-trochaic, 2675-2681;

anapaestic, 2682-2690;

cretic, 2691-2697;

bacchiac, 2698-2706;

choriambic, 2707;

ionic, 2708-2717.

Rhythmical sentence, 2532, 2533.

Rhythmical series, 2532, 2533.

Rivers,

names of, gender, 405, 406;

decl., 518, 519, 549, 554, 556.

Roots,

defined, 183;

nature of, 184;

three kinds, noun roots, verb roots, pron. roots, 186;

two or more forms of one root, 187;

vowel and cons. roots, 188;

reduplicated, 189;

reduplicated in verbs, 758, 828, 829;

pres. stems used as, 190-194, 855;

used as stems, 195, 198, 199;

used as stems in verbs, 738-743, 844;

root stem, defined, 195;

root verbs, defined, 743;

root verbs, inflected, 744-781, 828;

prin. parts of root verbs, 922.

Route taken,

advs. denoting, 707, 1376;

abl. of, 1376.

S

Sapphic,

strophe, 2545;

the lesser, 2666;

the greater, 2671-2673;

in Horace, 2734, 2735.

Saturnian, 2550-2554.

Saying,

verbs of, with indef. subj., 1033;

in pres. of past action, 1592;

in plup., 1617;

ind. disc. with, 1724, 2309;

illogically in subjv. in clause introduced by quī, quod, cum, 1727, 2320;

coordinated, 1696;

with acc. and infin., 2175;

time of infin. with, 2219, 2226;

see Indirect discourse.

Scazon,

choliambus, 2597-2600;

trochaic tetrameter, 2639-2641.

Secondary cases, 1111, 1112.

Secondary tenses, 1717, 1762;

rules for use of, 1740-1772;

subordinate to indic., 1746-1761;

subordinate to subjv., 1762-1765;

subordinate to noun of verb, 1766-1769;

subjv. in ind. disc. or by attraction, 1770-1772, 2322-2324, 2326-2329;

perf. def. and pres. of vivid narration, 1717, 1752, 1754;

secondary sequence with primary, 1751-1753;

primary sequence with secondary, 1755-1760.

Seeing,

verbs of, in pres. of past action, 1592;

with indirect question, 1774;

in pres. with postquam, ubī̆, ut, &c., 1926.

Selling,

verbs of, with gen., 1274;

with abl., 1388-1392.

Semi-deponents, 801, 1488.

Semi-elision, 2497.

Semi-hiatus, 2497.

Sēmiquīnāria caesura, 2544.

Sēmiseptēnāria caesura, 2544.

Sēmiternāria caesura, 2544.

Semivowels, 52.

Sēnārius,

defined, 2536;

iambic, 2583-2596.

Sentence,

defined, 1023;

simple, defined, 1024;

simple, enlarged, 1037-1054;

simple, combined, 1055;

simple, treated, 1099-1635;

declarative, defined, 1025;

exclamatory, defined, 1025;

imper., defined, 1025;

coordinate and subordinate, 1055-1061;

subordinate, history of, 1693-1695, 1705, 1706, 1957, see Subordinate sentences;

compound, defined, 1056;

compound, abridged, 1057;

compound, treated, 1636-1713;

complex, defined, 1058;

complex, varieties of, 1058-1061;

as advs., 712;

interrogative, defined, 1025, see Questions;

coordinate, treated, 1636-1692;

intermediate coordinate, treated, 1693-1713, see Coordination;

complex, treated, 1714-2122;

compar., defined, 1716;

local, defined, 1716;

temporal, defined, 1716, see Temporal;

modal, defined, 1716;

correlative, 1831;

main, introduced by rel. pron., 1835-1837;

conjunctive particle, 1838-2122, see Conjunctive;

connection of sentences, 2123-2159;

rhythmical, 2532, 2533;

see Conditional, Causal, Concessive, Final, Consecutive, Relative sentence.

Separating,

verbs of, with dat., 1195, 1209;

with gen., 1294;

with abl., 1302-1306, 1294;

with gerundive construction or gerund, 2268;

adjs. of, with gen., 1263;

with abl., 1306.

Separation,

expressed by supine in -ū, 2277;

see Separating.

Septēnārius,

defined, 2536;

iambic, 2610-2616;

trochaic, 2629-2635;

anapaestic, 2686.

Sequence of tenses, 1745-1772;

subjv. subordinate to indic., 1746-1761;

subjv. subordinate to subjv., 1762-1765;

subjv. subordinate to noun of verb, 1766-1769;

subjv. in ind. disc. or by attraction, 1770-1772, 2322-2324, 2326-2329.

Series,

rhythmical, 2532, 2533;

stichic, 2546.

Service,

adjs. of, with dat., 1200.

Serving,

verbs of, with dat., 1181, 1182.

Sharing,

verbs meaning, with gen., 1263.

Shortening,

of vowels, 124-132;

of vowel before another vowel, 124;

in final syllable, 129-132;

in nom. of -ā- stems, 130, 1; 436;

in neut. plur., 130, 2; 461;

in abl. ending e of cons. stems, 502;

in verb endings, 130, 132;

in nom. ending -or, 132;

in mihī̆, tibī̆, sibī̆, ibī̆, ubī̆, alicubī̆, nēcubi, sīcubi, ubinam, ubivīs, ubicumque, ibī̆dem, 129, 2;

in iambic words in verse, 129, 1;

before -n for -sn, 129, 1;

in perf. ending -ērunt, 857;

in perf. subjv., 876;

variations of quantity, 134;

in first syllable of ille, illic, quippe, immō, &c., 2469;

iambic, rule of, 2470-2472;

vowel before another vowel retained long, 127;

long vowel in specific endings in Old Latin, 132.

Showing,

verbs of, with two accusatives, 1167.

Sibilants, 79.

Simple,

words, defined, 181;

formative suffixes, defined, 200;

sentence, defined, 1024, see Sentence.

Singular number,

in nouns, defined, 414;

lacking, see Defective;

with different meaning from plur., 418, 480;

in substs., in agreement, 1077-1081, see Agreement;

in adjs., prons., partic., in agreement, 1082-1098, see Agreement;

in collective sense, 1099;

of a class, 1100;

neut., of adjs. used as substs., 1093, 1101, 1250;

of other adjs. used as substs., 1102, 1103;

in verbs, defined, 722;

in verbs, in agreement, 1062-1076, 1080, see Agreement;

of gerundive, with nostrī, &c., 2260.

Smell,

verbs of, with acc., 1143.

Softening, 2504.

Sonants, 75.

Sotadean, 2712, 2713.

Sound,

one of the divisions of Latin Grammar, treated, 1, 16-179;

change of, in vowels, 55-113;

change of, in diphthongs, 80-88;

change of, in consonants, 114-154;

see Substitution, Development, Disappearance, Assimilation, Dissimilation, Interchange, Lengthening, Shortening, Weakening, Hiatus, Contraction, Elision, Affinities, Pronunciation, Accent, Quantity.

Sounds,

continuous, defined, 51;

momentary, defined, 51;

classified, 54.

Source,

abl. of, 1312-1315, 1426;

expressed by gen., 1232;

expressed by adj., 1427.

Space,

extent of, denoted by acc., 1151-1156, 1398, 1475;

denoted by abl., 1153, 1399.

Sparing,

expressions of, case with, 1181-1185.

Specification,

abl. of, 1385;

acc. of, see Part concerned;

gen. of, see Genitive.

Spirants, 78.

Spondaic verse,

defined, 2556;

use, 2566, 2567.

Spondee, defined, 2521;

irrational, 2524.

Statements,

general, with antequam, priusquam, 1912-1914;

particular, with antequam, priusquam, 1915-1921.

Stems,

defined, 195;

roots used as, 195, 198, 199;

root used as stem in root verbs, 738-743, 828, 844;

pres., used as roots, 190-194, 855;

new, how formed, 196;

root stem, defined, 195;

stem vowel retained before ending, in verbs, 367, 840;

retained in nouns, 400;

noun stems classified, 399;

noun stems, how found, 421;

how indicated, 421;

nouns with two forms of stem or two stems, 401, 413, 470, 475, 531, 545, 566-569, 603, 632;

prons. with, 645, 652, 672;

verbs with, 720, 818-823, 924-1019;

-ā- stems of substs., decl. of, 432-445;

-o- stems of substs., decl. of, 446-466;

cons. stems of substs., decl. of, 467-512, see Declension;

-i- stems of substs., decl. of, 513-569, see Declension;

mixed, 513;

-ū- stems, decl. of, 585-595;

-ē- stems, decl. of, 596-607;

-o- and -ā- stems of adjs., decl. of, 613-620, 432-466;

cons. stems of adjs., decl. of, 621-626, 467-512, see Declension;

-i- stems of adjs., decl. of, 627-636, 529-569, see Declension;

of pres. partic., 632;

of personal prons., 645;

of hīc, 662;

of is, 672;

of ipse, 679;

of quī, quis, 681, 687-689;

of the verb, number of, 718;

defective verbs, 805-817;

formation of, 824-919, 365-375, see Formation;

verbs arranged according to prin. parts, 920-1022, see Verbs.

Stichic series, 2546.

Stipulation,

verbs of, with purpose clause, 1950.

Striving,

verbs of, with purpose clause, 1950;

with complementary infin., 1953.

Strophe,

defined, 2545;

Alcaic and Sapphic, 2545.

Stuff,

abl. of, 1312-1315;

gen. of, 1255.

Subject,

of sentence, defined, 1023;

subst. or equivalent word or words, 1026;

in nom., 1027;

when expressed and when omitted, 1028-1034;

enlarged, 1038-1047;

subordinate sentence as, 1715;

quod sentence as, 1845;

cum sentence as, 1871;

complementary clause as, 1948;

infin. as, 2167, 2207-2215;

perf. partic. as, 2289;

nom., of infin., 1535;

acc., of infin., 2173;

of infin., omitted, 1537, 2183;

gen. of, 1232-1238.

Subjunctive mood,

tenses of, 716;

how translated, 717.

Formation of tenses of, pres., 841-843;

impf., 849, 850;

perf., 876-878;

plup., 881;

short or old forms, 885-893.

Uses of, forms of possum and dēbeō in, 1498;

of desire, 1540-1553;

in wishes, 1540-1546;

in exhortation, direction, statement of propriety, obligation, necessity, prohibition, 1547-1552;

expressing willingness, assumption, concession, 1553;

of action conceivable, in simple sentences, 1554-1562;

accompanied by fōrtasse, &c., 1554;

velim, nōlim, mālim, 1555;

vellem, nōllem, māllem, 1560;

in questions, in simple sentences, 1563-1569;

tenses of, in simple sentences, 1634, 1635;

tenses of, in subordinate sentences, 1740-1772;

sequence of tenses, 1740-1745;

subordinate to indic., 1746-1761;

subordinate to subjv., 1762-1765;

subordinate to noun of verb, 1766-1769;

tenses of, in ind. disc. and by attraction, 1770-1772, 2322-2324;

tenses of, in conditional protases in ind. disc., 2326-2329;

in coordination, 1705-1713, see Coordination;

in ind. disc., 1722-1727, 2312-2324, 2326-2329;

of attraction or assimilation, 1728;

of repeated action, 1730;

of wish, action conceivable, interrogation, in subordinate sentence, 1731;

of indirect question, 1773-1786, see Questions;

indic. questions apparently indirect, 1787-1791;

sī, sī forte with, 1777;

rel. sentence equivalent to conditional prot., 1812;

with indef. rel. prons. and advs., 1814;

rel. sentences of purpose in, 1816, 1817;

rel. sentences of characteristic or result in, 1816, 1818-1823;

with dignus, indignus, idōneus, 1819;

coordinated with subst., adj., or partic., 1820;

with antec. omitted, indef. antec., or nēmō est quī, nihil est quod, &c., 1821, 1822;

rel. sentences of cause, reason, proof, concession in, 1824-1830;

quippe quī, ut quī, ut pote quī with, 1827;

parenthetical, quod sciam, quī quidem, 1829;

with quod, quia, 1838-1858;

with cum, 1859, 1870, 1872, 1873, 1877-1881;

with quoniam, 1882-1884;

with quotiēns, quotiēnscumque, 1887;

with quam, 1896, 1897;

with quamquam, 1900, 1901;

with quamvīs, 1904, 1905;

with quamlibet, 1907;

with tamquam, 1909;

with antequam, priusquam, 1911-1921;

with prīdiē quam, 1922;

with ubī̆, ut quisque, 1932;

with utī, ut, nē, 1947-1970;

with ubī̆, 1971;

with quō, quī, 1972, 1974-1976;

with quōminus, 1977, 1978;

with quō sētius, 1979;

with quīn, 1980-1990;

with dum, dōnec, quoad, quamdiū, 1991-2009;

with modo, 2003;

with quandō, 2010;

in conditional periods, 2023-2115;

with etsī, tametsī, tamenetsī, etiamsī, sī, 2116;

with quasī, quam sī, tamquam sī, &c., 2117-2122;

use of reflexive in subordinate clauses containing, 2341, 2342.

Subordinate constructions,

history of, 1693-1695, 1705, 1706, 1740, 1957.

Subordinate relations,

expressed coordinately, 1693-1713, see Coordination.

Subordinate sentences, 1055, 1058-1061;

question in, 1533;

treated, 1714-2122;

how expressed, 1714;

value of, 1715;

names of, 1716;

tenses of indic. in, 1732-1739;

tenses of subjv. in, 1740-1772;

mood of, 1720-1731, 1773-2122;

following supine in -um, 2272;

introduced by supine in -ū, 2275;

mood of, in ind. disc., 2315-2320;

use of reflexive pron. in, 2341-2343;

is used for reflexive in, 2370.

Subordination,

of rel. sentence, 1834.

Substantives,

defined, 4-7;

abstract, 7;

concrete, 5;

material, 6;

endings of, law of iambic shortening applied to, 129-132;

formation of, 180-203;

roots and stems, 183-198;

without formative suffix, 195, 198, 199;

with formative suffix, 195-198, 200-203;

suffixes of, 204-279, see Suffix;

compound, formation and meaning of, 379-390;

inflection of, 398-607, see Gender, Number, Case, Declension;

adjs. used as, with -e, -ī in abl. sing., 558, 561, 631;

advs. from, 696-700, 703, 708, 710.

Modifiers of, 1038-1047;

obj. of, defined, 1046;

pred., see Predicate;

agreement of, 1077-1081, see Agreement.

Uses of, 1099-1468;

used adjectively, 1042;

adjs. used as, 1099-1104, 1106, 1093, 1250;

with acc. appended, 1129, 1136;

with dat. appended, 1183, 1208, 1225;

with gen., 1227-1262;

with abl. appended, 1301, 1307, 1309, 1314, 1342, 1375-1377;

with loc. appended, 1301, 1331;

omitted in abl. abs. 1371;

used alone as abl. abs., 1372;

used as preps., 1406;

combination of, by a prep., 1426-1428;

prepositional expressions equivalent to, 1428;

repetition of prep. with several, 1429;

omission of prep. with several, 1430;

two preps. with one subst., 1431, 1432;

qualified by adv., 1439-1441;

advs. used as, 1442;

subordinate sentences with value of, 1715;

expressed in both members of rel. sentence, 1795, 1796;

put before the rel., 1797;

omitted before rel., 1798;

rel. sentence coordinated with, 1820;

quod clause with value of, 1845;

complementary clause with value of, 1948;

infin. as subst. acc., 2204-2206;

with acc. of gerundive construction or gerund, 2252;

with dat. of gerundive construction 2254;

with gen. of gerundive construction or gerund, 2258;

the subst. partic., 2287-2292.

Substitution,

of consonants, 147-164, passim;

of l for d or r, 147, 148;

of r for s, 154;

of h for guttural aspirate, 152;

of b for p, 164, 2;

of g for c, 164, 6;

of d for t, 149, 2.

Suffix,

formative, defined, 195;

nouns with, 195-198, 200-203;

nouns without, 195, 198, 199;

simple and compound, defined, 200;

preceded by vowel, 202.

Substantive suffixes, 204-279;

primitive, 204-245;

denominative, 246-279, 226, 227, 232;

denoting agent, 204-211;

denoting action, 212-237, 249;

forming collectives, 228, 249;

denoting concrete effect, 213, 217, 224, 241;

denoting instrument or means, 238-245, 213, 224;

denoting result, 213, 222, 231, 234-236, 239, 249, 296;

denoting quality, 246-264;

denoting person concerned, 265, 309;

denoting place, 266, 228, 241, 242, 245, 249, 308, 309, 314, 334;

forming diminutives, 267-278;

denoting patronymics, 279.

Adjective suffixes, 280-360;

primitive, 280-297, 305;

denominative, 298-360, 287;

denoting active quality, 281-290, 293, 294, 296;

denoting passive quality, 291-297,

282

,

283

;

denoting material or resemblance, 299-301;

denoting appurtenance, 302-330;

denoting supply, 331-338;

forming diminutives, 339, 340;

compar. suffixes, 346-348;

superl. suffixes, 349-352;

denoting place, 317, 321, 347.

Adverb suffixes, diminutive, 341;

of compar. and superl., 361-364.

Verbal suffixes, denominative, 365-375;

frequentative or intensive, 371-374;

desiderative, 375;

meditative, 375;

inceptive or inchoative, 834;

-nō, -tō, -iō, 832, 833, 835-838.

Pronoun suffix -met, 650, 655;

-pte, 655;

-ce, 662-664, 669, 670.

Summary,

asyndeton of, 2127.

Superlative,

Of adjs., suffixes of, 349-352;

of adjs. in -er, 344, 350;

of adjs. in -ilis, 345, 350, 359;

lacking, 359, 360;

formed from stems and roots, 342;

formed by māximē, 360.

Of adverbs, endings of, 361-363;

lacking, 364;

with gen., 1242.

Use of summus, &c., 1249;

abl. with words of superl. meaning, 1393;

used when two things are compared, 1456;

expressed by compar. and neg., 1462;

of more than two things, 1465;

strengthened by ūnus, quam, maximē, &c., 1466, 1892, 1903;

denoting high degree, 1467;

absolute, 1467;

of eminence, 1467, 1468;

strengthened by a compar., 1468;

accompanied by vel, 1671;

agreeing with a rel., 1810;

tam . . . quam quī, quantus, ut, &c., 1892;

double, with quam . . . tam, 1893;

represented by quamvīs with adj. or adv., 1903;

ut quisque, quisque with, 1939.

Supine,

acc. or abl. of substs. in -tu- (-su-), 235, 2269;

the supines, verbal nouns, 732, 2269;

formation of, 900;

lacking, 900;

denoting purpose, 1166, 2270;

use of supine in -um, 2269-2273;

use of supine in -ū, 2269, 2274-2277.

Surds, 75.

Surprise,

expressed by dat., 1211;

questions of, 1532, 1566-1569;

verbs of, with quod, quia, 1851;

with cum, 1851, 1875;

with acc. and infin., 2187, 2188, 2184;

expressed by infin., 2216.

Syllaba anceps, 2533, 2534.

Syllabic function, 22, 82, 83.

Syllables,

final, vowel of shortened, 129-132;

see Shortening;

vowel of retained long, 132;

quantity of, 177;

containing h, qu, 177;

containing short vowel before mute or f followed by l or r, 178;

division of, 175;

names of, 175;

irrational, 2524;

see Accent, Atonic.

Synaeresis, 2500.

Synaloepha, 2498.

Synapheia, 2510.

Syncope,

defined, 111, 168, 2508;

in versification, 2541.

Synecdochical,

acc., see Part concerned.

Synizesis, 117, 2499.

System,

the pres., 828-853, 365-367, 738-740;

the perf., 854-919, 738-740, see Formation;

in versification, defined, 2547.

Systolé, 2507.

T

Taking away,

verbs of, with dat., 1209;

with infin. of purpose, 2165.

Taking up,

verbs of, with infin. of purpose, 2165.

Taste,

verbs of, with acc., 1143.

Teaching,

verbs of, with two accusatives, 1169-1171;

with acc. and infin., 2197.

Telling,

verbs of, with indirect question, 1774.

Temporal,

sentences, defined, 1716;

subjv. of ind. disc. and attraction in, 1722, 2319;

subjv. of repeated action in, 1730;

cum, 1859-1873;

quoniam, 1882, 1883;

antequam, priusquam, &c., 1911-1922;

dum, dōnec, quoad, quamdiū, 1991;

quandō, 2010-2012;

postquam, ubī̆, ut, &c., 1923-1934;

coordinated member equivalent to, 1699.

Tempus,

in versification, 2515.

Tendency,

dat. of, 1219-1222.

Tenses,

of the indic., 716;

of the subjv., 716;

of the imper., 716;

meanings of, 717;

from two stems, 720;

formation of, 824-919, see Formation;

primary and secondary, 1717;

sequence of, 1740-1745.

In simple sentences, pres. indic., 1587-1593, 1601;

impf. indic., 1594-1601, 1495-1497;

fut., 1619-1625;

perf. indic., 1602-1613, 1616;

plup. indic., 1614-1618, 1607, 1609;

fut. perf., 1626-1632, 1607, 1609;

subjv., 1634, 1635, 1540-1569.

In subordinate sentences, indic., 1732-1739;

subjv., general remarks, 1740-1745;

subjv. subordinate to indic., 1746-1761;

subjv. subordinate to subjv., 1762-1765;

subjv. subordinate to noun of the verb, 1766-1769;

subjv. in ind. disc. or by attraction, 1770-1772, 2322-2324;

conditional protases in ind. disc., 2326-2329;

use in indirect questions, 1773-1791;

use in rel. sentence, 1792-1837;

use with conjunctive particles, 1838-2122.

Of infin., 2218-2236, 2321;

conditional apodoses in ind. disc., 2330-2334;

of partic., 2278-2299;

see Present, &c.

Ternārius,

iambic, 2621-2623;

trochaic, 2644-2646.

Tetrameter,

defined, 2536;

dactylic, 2577, 2578;

iambic, 2604-2609;

trochaic, 2629-2641;

anapaestic, 2684-2686;

cretic, 2694-2696;

bacchiac, 2701-2703;

ionic, 2712-2716.

Tetrapody,

defined, 2531;

logaoedic, 2660-2663.

Tetraseme, 2516.

Tetrastich, 2545.

Thanks,

expressed by fut., 1622;

ita . . . ut in, 1542, 1622, 1937.

Theme,

of verb, 738-740.

Thesis, 2520.

Thinking,

verbs of, with indef. subjv., 1033;

with two accusatives, 1167;

coordinated, 1696;

ind. disc. with, 1724;

illogically in subjv. in rel. clause, 1727, 2320;

with acc. and infin., 2175;

time of infin. with, 2219, 2226;

see Indirect Discourse.

Threat,

introduced by question, 1532;

expressed by fut., 1619;

implication of in fut. perf., 1629.

Threatening,

expressions of, case with, 1181-1185;

with acc. and infin., 2186;

with pres. infin., 2186.

Thymelicus, 2697.

Time,

duration of, denoted by acc., 1151-1156;

acc. of duration of made subj. in pass., 1475;

duration of, denoted by abl., 1355;

at which, denoted by acc., 1156;

at which, denoted by loc., 1341;

at which, denoted by abl., 1350, 1351, 1353;

within which, denoted by abl., 1352-1354;

before or after which, 1394-1397, 1154;

denoted by advs., 1438;

rel., of subordinate sentence, 1732, 1741;

independent, of subordinate sentence, 1738, 1744;

antequam with nouns denoting, 1920;

postquam with nouns denoting, 1929;

denoted by abl. of gerundive construction or gerund, 2266;

of partic., 2279-2281;

expressed by abl. abs., 1367;

expressed by partic., 2295;

see Temporal.

A, in versification, defined, 2515.

Titles,

of books, use of nom. in, 1114-1116;

of office, with gerundive construction, 2254.

Tmesis,

defined, 1407, 2509;

in quīcumque, 692.

Towns,

names of, form of loc. case of, 438, 460, 504, 554;

decl. of, 518, 549, 554, 557;

in acc. with expressions of motion, 1157-1160;

used adjectively, 1233;

constructions with, to denote place from which, 1307-1310;

constructions with, to denote place in or at which, 1331-1336, 1342, 1343;

rel. advs., ubī̆, quō, unde, referring to, 1793.

Transfer of quantity, 133.

Transition,

expressed by quid quod, 1849;

expressed by quoniam, 1884;

hīc and ille in, 2353, 2360.

Transitive use,

verbs of, defined, 1133;

used intransitively, 1133, 1479;

verbs usually intransitive used as, 1137, 1139, 1191;

with double acc., 1138;

with dat., 1192-1199, 1205-1210;

used impersonally, 1479;

use of gerundive of, 2180, 2246, 2247;

use of gerund of, 2242, 2255, 2259, 2265.

Trees,

names of, gender, 407, 408, 573.

Trial,

expressions of, with sī, sī forte, 1777.

Tribrach, 2521.

Trimeter,

defined, 2536;

dactylic, 2579;

iambic (senarius), 2583-2596;

the choliambus, 2597-2600;

iambic, catalectic, 2601-2603;

cretic, 2697.

Tripody,

defined, 2531;

iambic, 2624;

trochaic, 2647, 2648;

logaoedic, 2659.

Triseme, 2516.

Tristich, 2545.

Trithemimeral caesura, 2544.

Trithemimeris, 2531.

Trochaic,

rhythms, 2628-2649;

tetrameter catalectic, 2629-2635;

tetrameter acatalectic, 2636-2638;

tetrameter claudus, 2639-2641;

nine-syllabled Alcaic, 2642;

dimeter acatalectic, 2643;

dimeter catalectic, 2644-2646;

tripody acatalectic, 2647;

tripody catalectic, 2648;

monometer, &c., 2649;

dactylo-trochaic, 2675-2681;

strophe, in Horace, 2721.

Trochee, 2521.

Trusting,

verbs of, case with, 1181-1185.

Try,

verbs meaning, with infin., 2169.

U

Undertaking,

verbs of, with gerundive construction, 2250.

Unfulfilled,

wishes, tenses of, 1544, 1545;

conditions, see Non-occurrent.

Union,

verbs of, case with, 1186.

Unit of Measure, 2515.

Unsyllabic function, 22, 82, 83.

Useful,

adjs. meaning, cases with, 1200;

with gerundive construction or gerund, 2252.

V

Value,

abl. of, 1388-1392.

Valuing,

verbs of, with gen., 1271-1275.

Variable,

vowel, 824-827, 839, 840, 758, 759, 366.

Variations of quantity, 134.

Velars, 44, 77.

Verbs,

defined, 12;

endings of, shortened, 129;

endings of, retained long, 132;

reduplicated verb roots, 758, 828, 829;

reduplicated perf., 858-861, 923-932;

primitive, theme in, 738-741;

compounded with nouns or noun stems, 384, 395;

with preps., 391, 392, 396;

with verb stems, 394;

with advs., 396;

root verbs, defined, 743;

irregular, defined, 743;

inflected, 744-781;

semi-deponents, 801, 1488.

Inflection of, 713-1022;

the stem, 714-720;

the person ending, 721-731;

nouns of the verb, 732;

prin. parts, 733-735;

designation of the verb, 736, 737;

theme of the verb, 738-740;

arrangement of the verb, 741, 742;

inflection of primitive verbs, 743-791;

inflection of denominative verbs, 792-797;

deponent, 798-801;

periphrastic forms, 802-804;

defective verbs, 805-817, 907, 922-1019;

redundant verbs, 818-823, 924-1019.

Formation of stems of, 824-919;

variable vowel, 824-827;

pres. indic. of root verbs, 828;

pres. indic. of verbs in -ere, 829-838;

pres. indic. of denominatives, 339, 840;

pres. subjv., 841-843;

imper., 844-846;

impf. indic., 847, 848;

impf. subjv., 849, 850;

fut., 851-853;

perf. indic., 854-875;

perf. subjv., 876-878;

perf. imper., 879;

plup. indic., 880;

plup. subjv., 881;

fut. perf., 882-884;

short or old forms, 885-893;

infin., 894-898;

gerundive and gerund, 899;

supine, 900;

pres. partic., 901-903;

fut. partic., 904, 905;

perf. partic., 906-919;

formation of denominative verbs, 365-375.

List of, 920-1022;

root verbs, 922;

verbs in -ere, perf. stem without suffix, 923-951;

verbs in -ere, perf. stem in -s-, 952-961;

verbs in -ere, perf. stem in -v-, 962-970;

verbs in -ere, perf. stem in -u-, 971-976;

deponents in -ī, 977-986;

verbs in -āre, perf. stem without suffix, 989, 990;

verbs in -āre, perf. stem in -v-, 991, 992;

verbs in -āre, perf. stem in -u-, 993;

deponents in -ārī, 994;

verbs in -ēre, perf. stem without suffix, 985-998;

verbs in

-ēre

, perf. stem in

-s-

,

999

,

1000

;

verbs in -ēre, perf. stem in -v-, 1001-1003;

verbs in -ēre, perf. stem in -u-, 1004-1007;

deponents in -ērī, 1008-1010;

verbs in -īre, perf. stem without suffix, 1011-1013;

verbs in -īre, perf. stem in -s-, 1014, 1015;

verbs in -īre, perf. stem in -v-, 1016-1018;

verbs in -īre, perf. stem in -u-, 1019;

deponents in -īrī, 1020-1022.

Use of, 1469-2299;

in 3rd pers. with indef. subjv., 1033;

omitted, 1036;

agreement of, 1062-1076, 1080, 1807, see Agreement;

gen. with, 1271-1294, see Genitive;

compounded, 1402-1409, see Prepositions;

sequence of tenses following noun of, 1766-1769;

use of nouns of, 2160-2299;

with acc. of gerund and gerundive, 2250, 2252;

with abl., 2254-2257;

some occasional peculiarities of, 2300-2307;

conative use, 2301-2303;

causative use, 2304;

potential use, 2305;

obligatory use, 2306;

permissive use, 2307;

cases with, see Ablative, &c., Prepositions;

of transitive and intransitive use, see Transitive use, Intransitive use;

impersonal, see Impersonal;

see Subjunctive, &c., Present, &c.

Verse,

defined, 2533;

treatment of end of, 2533;

dicolic, 2535;

asynartetic, 2535;

names of, 2536;

catalectic and acatalectic, 2537;

brachycatalectic, 2538;

catalectic in syllabam, &c., 2539;

verses combined to make strophe, 2545;

accentual and quantitative, 2548;

spondaic, 2556, 2566, 2567;

hypermetrical, 2568.

Versification, 2511-2739.

Vivid narration,

pres. of, 1590, see Present.

Vocative case,

defined, 420;

in what words used, 420;

origin of form of, in -o- decl., 71, 76;

form and accent of, in -o- decl., 172, 452, 454, 458, 459;

forms of, in Greek words of -ā- decl., 445;

in Greek words of cons. decl., 509, 512;

in Greek words of -i- decl., 565;

of meus, 652;

use of, 1119-1123;

nom. used as, 1118-1123;

combined with nom., 1121;

used in pred., 1122;

accompanied by ō, prō, eho, heus, au, &c., 1123;

use of tū, 1118, 1566, 1571;

accompanying imper., 1571;

as apod., 2112.

Voice,

in verbs, defined, 723, 1469, 1472;

see Active, Passive.

Voiced and Unvoiced, 75.

Vowels,

cons. and vowel i and u, 22, 52;

long and short, how denoted, 29;

classification of, 43-46;

pronunciation of, 33, 37-42;

vowel changes, 95-145;

see Lengthening, Shortening, Weakening, Diphthongs, Development, Disappearance, Hiatus, Contraction, Elision, Assimilation, Dissimilation, Gradation, Interchange;

rules of vowel quantity, 35, 36, 2429-2472;

vowel roots, defined, 188;

stem vowel retained before ending, in verbs, 367, 840;

in nouns, 400;

variable, 824-827, 758, 759, 829, 839, 840, 366;

long vowel in perf. stem, 862-865, 936-946;

vowel stems, substs. and adjs., see -i- stems.

W

Want,

verbs of, with gen., 1293;

with abl., 1302-1306, 1293;

adjs. of, with gen., 1263;

with abl., 1306.

Warding off,

verbs of, with dat., 1209.

Weakening,

of vowels, 102-109;

in medial syllables, 103-106;

in final syllables, 107;

of diphthongs, 108, see Diphthongs.

Weeping,

verbs of, used transitively, 1139.

Will,

expressed by fut., 1619;

shall and will, 1619;

verbs of, with purpose clause, 1949;

with infin., 2169;

with perf. infin., 2225.

Willingness,

expressed by subjv. of desire, 1553.

Winds,

names of, gender, 405.

Wish,

expressed by subjv., 1540-1546;

introduced by utinam, utī, ut, quī, modo, nē, nōn, nec, 1540;

with sī, ō sī, 1546;

expressed by subjv. in subordinate sentence, 1731;

expressed by imper., 1571;

as prot. of conditional period, 2110.

Wishing,

verbs of, with double acc., 1172;

subjv. coordinated with, 1707;

with ut, nē, 1950;

with infin., 2169;

with acc. and infin., 2189, 2190, 2228;

with perf. act. infin., 2223, 2224;

with perf. pass. infin., 2229;

see Desire.

Without,

expressed by partic. and neg., 2296.

Wondering,

verbs of, with indirect question, 1774;

with quod, quia, 1851;

with cum, 1851, 1875;

with acc. and infin., 2187, 2188, 2184.

Words,

simple, defined, 181;

compound, defined, 181;

gender words, 398, 402;

their sound, 2-179;

their formation, 180-396;

their inflection, 397-1022.

Y

Yes,

how expressed, 1511, 1512.

Yes or No Questions, 1501-1525;

in indirect questions, 1775-1777;

see Questions.

Yielding,

expressions of, case with, 1181-1185.