INDEX
Reading edition
Adam, Chinese, 275.
Ages, Archæological, in China (see Neolithic Age); in Japan, 325; Mythical, Chinese, 274; first Age perfect as in India, 276; in Taoism, 316; see also World’s Ages.
Agriculture, origin of, 6, 201.
Ainu, the, 326; as potters, 21; myths of, 328; deities of sun, moon, and fire, 331; deities of, made drunk, 330; dragon mother of, 333; Aniconic pillar and mother goddess, 333; the Paradise of, 381, 382.
“All-heal” plants, 158.
All Souls, feast of, 133.
Ama-terâsu, Japanese sun goddess, 339; creates children from jewels, 366, 367; necklace of, 362; sun goddess (cave and mirror myth), 368.
Amber, Buddhist belief in, 126.
America, ancient mariners in, 45; gem symbolism in, 336; whale worshipped in, 49.
Amoy, religious significance of situation of, 236.
Amrita, 145, 146 (see Soma).
Amulets, mortuary, in Egypt and China, 222.
Ancestor worship, Chinese, 242; Egyptian Pharaoh worship, 242.
Aniconic Pillar, in Shinto myth, 350;
— Pillars, the Far Eastern, 333.
Animism, origin of, 256; its connection with mummification, 256.
Antelope, Ea-dragon and, 51; Horus and, 53; Hindu wind god and, 53.
Aphrodite, Hathor and, 313; Kwan-yin as Chinese, 272.
Apollo, as dragon on Island of Delos, 122; as son of Hephaistos, 122; the Mouse-, 185.
Apple, fruit of Aphrodite, 139.
Apple Tree, as Tree of Life, 124; mandrake and, 168.
Arrow, the sounding, 375 and also note 1.
Artemis, Ainu and, 330; Chinese Ho Sien Ku and Japanese Kasenko as, 171, 172; goat and, 173, 174; in Taoism, 312, 313; mugwort of, 170; Japanese symbolic gateway of, 339.
Arthur’s sword Excalibur, 101.
Astronomy, see Great Bear, Polar Star, Stars, &c.
Axe and hammer gods, 262.
Babylonia, Ainu deities made drunk as in, 330; as cradle of Bronze industry, 196; Chinese hill goddess and Ishtar, 269; Chinese Ishtar in Deluge legend, 151; Chinese world-giant myth and Tiamat myth, 264; colonists from, as Kurgan builders, 200; copper used at early period in, 194; search for copper, &c., 194; religious use of copper in, 195; culture of in Eastern Asia, 202; jade from Chinese Turkestan in, 202; Date Tree of Life, 179; dragon of, and Polynesian dragon, 78; dragons of, 74; Ea and Chinese Fu Hi, 275; Ea and Japanese Hiruko, 351; eagle god of, and Garuda, 70; Gilgamesh and Sargon and Chinese Wu, 288; ideas of, regarding souls, in China, 240; Indian makara and “goat fish”, 215; Ishtar and Chinese goddess, 267; Island of Blest in, 109; Japanese Deluge myth and Tiamat myth, 345; Japanese links with, 333 and also note 2; Japanese Yomi and Otherworld of, 340; food of the dead, 341; Nig-gil-ma of, 245; Plant of Birth, 335; Plant of Life, legend of, 99; Pole Star as god in, 232; Chinese astronomy from, 232; precious stones from Chinese Turkestan, 202; evidences of ancient trade of, 203; religious use of reeds in, 85 and also note 3; sea-god of (see Sumeria), 30; Siberia and, 204; source of Siberian and Chinese mythological monsters, 203; Tammuz of, and Chinese, 138; Tammuz story and Japanese, 155; the Japanese Gilgamesh and, 379; Tiamat dragon of, 52; Ea-dragon, 51; Water of Life in Adapa myth, 132; ghosts search for food and water, 132; wide areas influenced by culture of, 387.
Bamboo, moon and, 150; dragon and, 150.
Barge of Death, 240.
Beads, as Kami in Japan, 343; children created from, 366; in Japanese religion (see Tama), 337; sun goddess, 362.
Bear, Ainu and, 355 (see Great Bear).
Bird and serpent myths, 66; in Diamond Valley legend, 128.
Birds, as carriers of souls, 128; in Diamond Valley legend, 128; the Thunder-, 162.
Bird souls in China, 150.
Blood-bag myth, 286.
Blood from trees, 143.
Blood of Life, 159.
Blood, River of, Japanese, Asiatic, and Egyptian, 346.
Blue Dragon, 57.
Boar stone, in Japanese myth, 373.
Boat, Japanese god in, 351.
Boat of Death, Chinese, 240; Egyptian, 240.
Bride, Serpent of the Celtic goddess, 57.
British “foreign devils”, 31.
Bronze, first manufactured in Babylonia, 196; industry, and European and Chinese links, 205; jade and, in ancient Europe, 201.
Buddha, blue eyes of, 127; Chinese deities and, 273; of Western Paradise, 210; Nagas as worshippers of, 70.
Buddhism, Chinese Taoism and, 297; culture mixing in, 243; Dew of life in, 140; Japanese, 20; religious merit in jewels, gems, &c., 126; Shinto and, 347.
Burma, Chinese influence in, 21; junks of, 32.
Butterfly, as Chinese longevity symbol, 225; as soul in Mexico, 225; as Scandinavian goddess, 225; as soul in Italy and Greece, 225; Psyche a, 225; cicada and, 225; as soul in Indonesia, 241; soul form in China, 225; and in Scotland, 240.
Calendar, ancient Egyptian, 11.
California, whale’s vertebra in grave in, 49.
Calisthenics, in Taoism, 320.
Camphor Tree of Life, 166.
Cardinal Points, Chinese gods of, 230; Chinese colours of, 230; Chinese connection of, with seasons, elements, plants, and internal organs, 230; colours of, in Scotland and India, 229; in Japan, 343; jades of, 234; pillars of, 227, 268.
Cassia Tree of Life, 141 (see Tree of Life).
Caves, wells and dragons of, 55.
Charm, Scottish and Chinese similar, 65.
Chin Dynasty, 291.
China, as culture centre in Far East, 21; potter’s wheel in (see Potter’s wheel); Babylonian links with, 203; British “foreign devils” in, 31; civilization of, began in Shensi province, 209; Egyptian, Babylonian, and Indian influence in, 209; civilization of, not of local origin, 388; connection of, with Khotan, 202; dragon lore of, 38, 46; early culture of, similar to European, 205; early trade of, 293; Empire of, how formed, 295; Great Wall of, 291; how civilization first reached, 199; Indian influence in South, 21; Egyptian influence in, 23; metal symbolism of, 37; no “Neolithic Age” in, 213; Siberian art links with, 203.
Chinese, a mixed people, 292.
Chinese Turkestan, Babylonian influence in, 202.
Chou Dynasty, Wu founder of, 288.
Chrysanthemum in religious legends, 140.
Cicada, jade tongue amulets, 222; Scarab and, 223; “Song of”, 224; Soul and, 224; Tree of Life and, 225; “Shen” and the, 239.
Cinnabar, in Elixir of Life, 38.
Civilization, origin of, 2.
Cock, the Celestial, Ainu and, 330.
Colour Symbolism, black and white mandrakes, 246; black and white nig-gil-ma, 246; black and white rhinoceroses, 248; black and white elephants, 248; blue eyes of Buddha, 127; coloured fruits and stones as forms of goddess, 165; colours of Cardinal Points in Celtic and Indian myths, 229; Chinese Cardinal Points, 230; Chinese coloured internal organs, 230; Chinese colours of seasons, elements, and planets, 230; colours of sacred animals, 140; five colours of dragon, 84; gem symbolism and, 186; green falcon of Horus, 108; green sparrow of goddess, 139; colours of saints, 126; white saints, 113; Indian metal symbolism and, 38; jade colours, 234, 253; Japanese and Indian Cardinal Points coloured, 344; Japanese river of blood, 346; mandrake colours, 174; Osiris as green water, 9; Plants of Life, 159; Purple Sea legend, 140; green Water of Life, 125, 140; red All-father and black All-mother, 266; red as life colour, 160; red birds as “Thunder-birds”, 162; red jasper as blood of goddess, 185; the five dragons, 61; Dragon bones colours, 61; colours of internal organs, plants, &c., 62; the Yellow God as Chinese Emperor, 277; Tree of Life and, 167; yellow fire, &c., 162; Yellow as earth colour, 163; Blue symbolism, 163; White symbolism, 163; Black symbolism, 163; the five colours, 163.
Columbus, his search for Paradise, 119.
Confucianism, 297.
Confucian temple, god of, 233.
Copper, ancient Egyptians and, 10; as variety of gold, 192; early implements of, 193; wars for mines of, 194; search for, 197; associated with death in China, 39; dragon and, 38; Japanese smelting of, 207; malachite as offering to dead, 37; Egyptian deities and, 37; see Metal Symbolism.
Coral, as marine tree of goddess, 165; Buddhist belief in, 126; night-shining, 64, 219; trees of, in Paradise, 165; Chinese coral trees, 219.
Cords, The Knotted, 275.
Cosmogony, Chinese, 227; Egyptian and Babylonian, 227; The Ainu, 311.
Cowry (see Shells).
Creation Myths, none in Shinto, 345; Taoist, 258; Cosmic Egg, 260; Pʼan Ku myths, 260; Tibetan Ymir myth, 261, 262.
Crete, Dolphin god of, and elephant, 203; influence of, in Asia, 206; potter’s wheel in, 17; prospectors from, in Asia, 200; whale’s vertebra as amulet in, 49.
Cro-Magnon races, 5.
Cromarty, Demon in “Dropping Cave” at, 55.
Culture Heroes, Fu Hi, Chinese Adam, 275; Shen-nung as Chinese Osiris, 277.
Culture mixing in China and Japan, 387.
Cypress Tree of Life, 166; mandrake and, 167.
Dagan, Philistine Dagon, and, 52 (see Ea).
Date Stone elixir, 178.
Date Tree, Mesopotamian Tree of Life, 179.
Deluge Legend, Chinese goddess Nu Kwa in, 151; Chinese reference to, 267; Nu Kwa and, 267; Chinese date of, 268; Japanese version, 345; the Ainu, 332.
Deluge myth, Emperor Yu and, 283; the Chinese, why ship is absent from, 247.
Demeter, Chinese goddess and, 138.
Devils, “The Foreign”, 31.
Dew, as Water of Life, 139.
Dew of Immortality, 144, 157; Pot and Plant of Life and, 246.
Dew of Life, 140.
Diamond Valley Legend, Chinese version of, 128.
Dionysos, goat and, 183.
Dog, connection with trees and plants, 167; Japanese story of Shiro, 168; the lunar, 147.
Dolmen, in Korea, 325, and also note 1.
Dolphin, Buddhists and, 127; Dragon and, 50.
Dragon, Apollo as, 122; as Celestial stag in China, 51; as water god in China, 55; as makara, 150; as symbol of Emperor, 54; as Tree, 75, 152; as Vampire, 64; as water controller, 235; Babylonian Ea and, 51; Babylonian Goat-fish god, 30, 31; Babylonian Tiamat as, 52; bad rain from sick dragon, 364, 365; Bird and serpent myth and, 72; blue and yellow, 57; characters of Chinese, 46; Chinese and Egyptian Deathless Snake, 78, and also note 3; Chinese and Scottish charms, 56, 57; connection with Pines, 167; Dugong and Dolphin and, 50; Eastern Dragon as Indra, 238; eggs of, 58; Egyptian slayer of, 77; Emperor Hwang-Ti becomes, 279; Yao as son of, 280; Shun and, 280; female dragon eaten by Emperor, 285; five colours of, 84, 163; fish forms of, 59, 75; folk-stories of, 76; forms assumed by, 47; as thunder and rain god, 47; Indra, Zeus, &c., and, 47; as guardians of pearls, 47; shark and, 47; gold and, 55; has most “ling” of all creatures, 186; influence of, on towns, 236; Japanese, 343, 347; Japanese and Indian Naga, 344; Japanese and Nagas, 356; “makara” and Chinese sea-dragon, 215; moon and bamboo and, 150; Osiris as, in serpent form, 59; Plum tree grows from blood of, 80; Polynesian forms of, 78; Polynesian gods and, 48; sea and land animals and, 50; Teutonic, 77; the Chinese, and metal symbolism, 38; the Eight-Headed Japanese, slain by Susa-no-wo, 371; the great mountain, 63; the Japanese sea snake and, 41; Jewels offered to, 41; the lunar, 149; the Polynesian (see Polynesia), tiger as enemy of, 47; water snake becomes, 54; coiled dragon as water-retainer, 54; woman as, 84; Medusa legend of, 84; Japanese dragon woman, 85.
Dragon and Ball procession, 64.
Dragon Battles, 56.
Dragon Boat Festival, 268.
Dragon Boats, in rain-getting ceremonies, 41.
Dragon Eggs, 182.
Dragon Fire, 63.
Dragon Herbs, 79.
Dragon Island, Greek legend of, 100; in Egyptian, Scottish, and Melanesian legends, 98.
Dragon jade symbols, 253.
Dragon Kings, the five, and the five planets, 274.
Dragon Mother, in Polynesia, 79.
Dragon of Babylonia, the Kupu of, and Polynesian Kupua, 78.
Dragon-slayer, Egyptian, 77; Siegfried and Sigurd as, 77.
Dragon Stones, 182.
Dragon Sword of Japan, how Susa-no-wo obtained it, 372.
Dragon Swords, 101, 275.
Dragon wells, 55.
Dragon’s Blood, manufactured from metals, 38.
Dragon’s Heart, as source of knowledge, 77.
“Dragon’s Spittle”, 79.
Dragons as guardians of treasure, 156; Babylonian and Chinese, 74; connection with “Water of Life” and “Tree of Life”, 75; blue rush of, 85; Chinese and Polynesian, 67; and Dragon Boat Festival, 269; Egyptian serpent-island story, 98; Five, as rulers of seasons, &c., 61; Fungus of Immortality and, 107; Garudas and Nagas and, 70; gods ride on, 65; herbs, &c., and, 183; human shapes of, 47; Indian Nagas and, 69; in pools, rivers, and sea, 54; as tide controllers, 54; iron dreaded by, 38, 64; as rain-bringers, 39; fond of gems, 38; Japanese dragon place-names, 356; Japanese sea-gods as, 352; Japanese “water snakes” as, 353; “Kingdom Under the Sea” legends of, 95; as Light-gods, 63; Melusina legend in lore of, 86, 87; mother of, 59; Pearl Princess legend, 97; pearls produced by, 39; Japanese mountains and, 39; Red Island of, 95; skins of, shine by night, 64; the Chinese nine-headed dragon, 372, and also note 2; transformed dragons harmless, 105; vital spirit in eyes of, 64; Water of Life controlled by, 159; were-animals and, 221; whales and, 49; women as, in China, 86; boys become, in Japan, 86.
Dugong, dragon and, 50.
Dynasties, Chin or Tsʼin, 291; Early and Mythical, 277; Han, Minor, Tʼang, Sung, Mongol, Ming, and Manchu, 292; the Chinese, Chou Dynasty, 288; the Hea, 281; the Shang, 285.
Ea, Babylonian god, as seafarer, 30; Dagan and Dagon and, 52; dragon and, 51; antelope, goat, gazelle and, 51; Oannes and, 31.
Eagle, jade and, 221.
Eagle-stone, 128, 129.
East, Cult of, 134, 210; Cult of, in China and Egypt, 60; sacredness of, in Egypt and China, 229.
East Indies, Egyptian millet in, 9.
Eel, as Polynesian dragon, 78; God of Samoa as, 68.
Eels as dragon-vampires, 64.
Egg, the Cosmic, 260, 266, 303; in Shinto, 348.
Egg, the Swallow’s, Ancestress of Emperor Tʼang and, 285 (see Dragon Eggs).
Egypt, agriculture in, 6; beliefs of, regarding souls, in China, 239, 240; Bird and serpent myth in, 71; Chinese adopt inventions of, 13; potter’s wheel of, 13; Chinese goddess and, 137; Chinese Horus, 285; Chinese Isis and Nephthys, 139; Chinese Shun and Horus, 280; cinnamon imported into, 142; corn, fruit, and milk in Paradise, 133; Cosmic Egg in, 348; cult of East and of West in, 60; Date Tree of Life, 179; Deathless Snake of, and Chinese and Japanese dragons, 78, and also note 3, 156; deities as fish, 59; deities create plants of life, 180; Dragon Isle story of, 98; Dragon-slayer of, 77, 78; Dragon-stones and mountain of dawn, 59; Frog goddess of, 145; god Ptah and Dragon, 63; goddess of turquoise, 58; gold plentiful in, 198, and also note 1; Hathor and Chinese Spinning Maiden, 147; Hathor and Taoism, 313; Hathor beer and Far Eastern intoxicants, 330; Heart and tongue connection in, 222; Heart as “mind” in, 77; Horus myth in Japan, 351; Horus story in Japan, 155; Indian links with, 74; influence of, in Asia, 206; iron as Set’s metal, 64; Island of the Blest in Pyramid Texts of, 108; Japanese Deluge myth and Egyptian, 345; Pharaoh and Mikado, 341, 387; jasper of Isis and Japanese Tama, 336; kings of, as gods, 342; Mikado as Osiris and Horus, 386; Mikado and Osiris, 339, 340; myths of, in China, 148; myth of separation of Heaven and Earth, in Japan and Polynesia, 348; Nile flows from Milky Way in, 111; Nut and Chinese virgin goddess, 268; origin of agriculture in, 201; origin of mummification in, 257; connection of mummification with Animism, 256; Osiris and Chinese Shen-nung, 277; Osiris and Lao Tze, 299; Set and Lao Tze, 300;
Osiris of Japan, 367; Paradises of, 135; pearl lore in, 44; pearl searchers of, in East, 41; Pharaoh becomes god, 242; Polynesian boats, 33; Ptah and the Chinese artisan god, 262; Osiris and Pʼan Ku, 264; Ptah doctrine and Taoism, 303; Queen Hatshepsut’s naval expedition, 36, 37; red earth in Deluge myth of, 246; religious use of reeds and linen in, 85, and also note 3; Rhampsinitus and Chinese Wu-Yih, 286, 287, and also note 1; scarab as mother goddess, 223; scarab of, and Chinese cicada amulets, 222; scarab protected heart and tongue, 223; search for life-giving herbs, stones, &c., 207; ships of, in Sea of Okhotsk, 32; smelting furnaces of, in Asia and Europe, 207, 208; star-form of goddess, 184; struggles for copper-mines, 194; Japanese Hathor, 386; Tree of Life as “World Tree” in, 136; weeping deities of, 365; Well and Tree of Life at Heliopolis, 122; wide areas influenced by culture of, 387.
Egyptian ships in Northern Europe, 33.
Egyptians, earliest shipbuilders and navigators, 27; maritime expeditions of, 28.
Elephant and dolphin, 203.
Elixir of Life, malachite and silver offered to dead as, 37; Chinese alchemical, 38; see Metal Symbolism, Peach, Pearls, Plant of Life, and Water of Life.
Emperors of China as culture heroes, 19, 20.
England, soul beliefs in, 241.
Evolution, biological, ethnology and, 2.
Eye as Seat of Soul, 64.
Fig Tree of Life, 134 (see Sycamore and Tree of Life).
Fire and water, 159.
Fire-Balls, pearls and, produced by dragons, 57.
Fire, Chinese and Polynesian “fire nail” myths, 84; dragons scared by, 85; from trees, 162.
Fish as carrier of souls, 141 (see Makara).
Fish-forms of dragon in China and Japan, 76.
Fish-goddess, the Far Eastern, 333.
Fish scales, Pearls and jade and, 222.
Fish symbols in jade, 222.
Food offerings to dead, 132.
Food of the Dead, in Japanese Yomi, 340; in Babylonian Hades, 340.
“Foreign devils”, British as, 31.
Fox, Ainu and, 330; in Japan, 343.
Foxes, were-animals in China and Japan, 221.
Frog, Chinese goddess transforms woman into, 144; Egyptian goddess as, 145; in jade, 225; in China and Egypt, 226.
Frogs, British compared to, 31.
Fruit of Life, Chinese and Japanese search for, 138.
Fu Hi, Nu Kwa as sister of, 277; the Chinese Adam, 275.
Fu-lin, 218; Chinese references to, 128.
Fung-shui, 234; connection with Babylonia and Egypt, 234; graves and, 235; houses and towns and, 235; the Trigrams, 275; tiger and dragon controllers, 235; Wind and Water doctrine, 228.
Fungus of Immortality, 107, 138, 146, 174; in Chinese Isles of Blest, 111.
Ganges, the Celestial, Buddhists and, 126.
Garudas, as enemies of Nagas, 70; Babylonian eagle god and, 70.
Gazelle, Ea-dragon and, 51; Egyptian gods and, 52.
Gems, as fruit of Tree of Life, 165; dragons fond of, 38. See also Jewels, Pearls, Stones.
“Genius of the Hills”, Chinese goddess called, 269.
Giant in Isle of Blest legend, 112.
Ginseng, in Korea, 334; Spirit of, 335; mandrake, 174 (see Mandrake).
Goat, blood of, as substitute for herb, 173; Chinese Celestial, 184; Japanese legend, 184; as stones, 184; Thunder-gods and, 183.
Goats, Goddess of herbs and, 183; as avatars of goddess, 183.
Goddesses (see Mother Goddess).
Gold, as sun metal, 37; Buddhist belief in, 126; dragon’s connection with, 55; earliest use of, 164; eastward “rushes” for, 201; Egyptian kings asked for, 198; Goddesses of, 190; religious value of, 191; imitation shells in, 192; copper regarded as variety of, 192; goddess of, 313; good metal in India, 38; in Buddhist Paradise, 127; in “Fung-shui” system, 236; in Indian medicine, 215; vital principle in, 215; jade used like, 214; lapis-lazuli and, 219; Mother Goddess and, 157; Siberian, 202; Syrian goddess and, 217; Tree of Life and, 116; why early people searched for, 42, 189; yellow, blue, red, white, and black in China, 38; see Metal Symbolism.
Golden Hills of Peking, 236.
Golden Well Cave, 55.
Golden Well Spring, 55.
Grass of Immortality, 116.
Grave pools, Chinese, 228.
“Great Bear” constellation, as father of Chinese Emperor, 277; as Chinese controller, 231; Chinese deities of, 233; Emperor Yu and, 282; Five elements controlled by, 233.
Great Mother, various forms of, 157.
Great Wall, 291.
Greece, metal symbolism of, 37.
Green water, Osiris as, 9 (see Colour Symbolism).
Han Dynasty, 292.
Hare, Indian legend of the lunar, 146; in Ohonamochi myth, 373; of moon, 144.
Hares, Ainu mountain deities, 330.
Hea Dynasty, 281.
Heart, protected by scarab, 223; tongue connection with, 222; as mind in Egypt, 222.
Hebrews, religious literature of, 15.
Herbalists, Chinese culture heroes as, 20.
Herbs, the “huchu”, 177; and stones, 186; and swords, 100; as life-givers, 172; goat and, 173; of Life, 158.
Hiruko, as god of fishermen in Japan, 352; as sun god, 351.
Hirume, Japanese sun-female, 352.
Horse, in Japanese rain ceremonies, 355.
Horus, crossing the sea, 53; gazelle and, 51; antelope and, 53; Hephaistos and, 122; Osiris and, 9.
Ho Sien Ku, Chinese Artemis, 171.
Human sacrifices, 290.
Hunters, ancient, 5, 6.
Hwang-Ti, Chinese Emperor and god, 277.
Iliad, The, Bird and serpent myth in, 71.
Incense, beliefs connected with, 142.
India, Babylonian legend in, 100; birds carry souls in, 128; Brahmanic doctrines and Taoism, 303; Ganges as river of life, 121; Chinese and Brahmanic ascetics, 320; Chinese belief in transmigration, from, 240; Chinese First Age perfect as in, 276; Taoism and doctrines of, 276; Cosmic Egg in, 348; Egyptian furnace in, 208; Egyptian myths in, 74; Emperor Yu and Indra, 284; Garudas and Babylonian eagle god, 70; goat of fire god of, 183; Indra and Chinese Pʼan Ku, 262; Indra and Chinese Eastern Dragon, 238, 239; Indra and Chinese Shang-ti, 272; Indra and Susa-no-wo of Japan, 363; Indra as man in the moon, 146; influence of, in Southern China, 21, 22; Japanese dragons and the Nagas, 344; Karna and Chinese Wu, 288; Karna born from mother’s ear, 300; Karna myth in Japan, 351; Karna story and Japanese, 156; long voyage by mariners of, 34; metal symbolism in Creation Myth, 38; metal symbolism of, 37, 38; Milky Way as source of Ganges, 111; Mount Meru as “world spine”, 137; Mungoose displaces Secretary Bird in, 73, 74; Chinese dragons and the Nagas, 69; Phœnician colonies in, 30; Purusha myth and Chinese Pʼan Ku, 265; Tama and Japanese Yomi, 357.
Indonesia, Japanese wani and, 355.
Indra, as man in the moon, 146.
Iranians, as mediators between West and East, 294.
Ireland, apple-land Paradise, 124; calling back souls in, 241; salmon as dragon in, 77; star myth of, and Chinese, 281, 282.
Iron, dragons dread, 38, 64.
Isanagi, jewels of, were “Kami”, 343.
Ise, 386; Japanese Mecca, 338; Goddesses of, 339.
Islands of the Blest, Far Eastern legends of, 106; origin of conception of, 108; Chinese sage reaches, 148; Egyptian, 135; Herbs, Trees, and Wells of Life in, 107 (see Dragon Island and Red Island); Scottish legend, 129; cult of East and, 210; Dragon Isle of Delos, 122; ginseng (mandrake) on, 174; gold, jade, pearls, &c., in, 111; Fungus of Immortality in, 111; jade in, 215; Japanese legends of Horaizan, 116; search for, promotes exploration, 119; shipping and, 293; Syria, Atlantis, and Fortunate Isles, 123; Hebrides and Ireland, 123; Gaelic Apple-land, 123; Gaelic floating and vanishing island, 125; see Paradise and Underworld.
Ivy, Chinese goddess and, 270.
Izanagi, creation of islands and deities by, 352; in Hades, 357; Japanese deity, 349.
Izanami, creation of islands and deities by, 352; Japanese deity, 349; visit to and flight from Hades, 357.
Jade, as “Light shining at night,” 218; Babylonia imported, from Chinese Turkestan, 202; Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245; birth assisted by, 243; diseases cured by, 243; Mother Goddess and, 157, 221, 243, 244; brook of, 216; juice of, 216; grease of, 216; butterflies in, 225; Chinese and Babylonian jade links, 202; Chinese Mother Goddess creates, 152; Chinese symbolism of, 208; Chou and Han jades indigenous, 212; cicada amulets of, 222; coffins of, 226; colours of, 234; connections of, with Cardinal Points, 234; shapes of, 234; complex symbolism of, 246, 254–5; supplants boat in Chinese Deluge myth, 247; connection of, with cows, copper, water, &c., 227; earliest use of, in China, 211, and also note 1; mirrors of, 211, and also note 1; “Fire jade”, 220; ground jade swallowed, 243; immortality ensured by, 243; spirit of, in all life, 244; fish scales and, 222; fish symbols in, 222; Frog or Toad amulet, 225; scarab-like amulets in, 226; fish forms in, 226; gold, cowries, and, 214; mouth of dead stuffed with, 214; “Great Bear” and, 232; soul as pivot of, 232; in “Fung-shui” system, 236; tiger-jade and war, 236; in Japan, 343; in rain-getting ceremonies, 253; introduced with bronze into Europe, 201; Japanese beliefs regarding, of Chinese origin, 220; lunar attributes of, 218; nocturnal luminosity of, 216; no necklaces of, in China, 338; origin of symbolism of, 206, 207; pearls and, 157; promotes longevity, 216; rhinoceros horn and, 247–9; warm and cold, 249, 254; rush pattern on, 85, and also note 3; symbolism of, 165; symbolism of, and pearl symbolism, 212; used instead of embalming, 223; why swallowed, 216; why sought in Europe, 251, 252; Spanish name of, 253; colour symbolism of, 253.
“Jade Mountain”, 139; in Chinese Paradise, 137.
Jade River of Peking, 236.
Japan, archæology of, 325; Ainu and Koro-pok-guru, 326; Chinese name applied to, 360; dragon-pearl peak of, 39; dragons of, 47; early searchers for wealth in, 333; Egyptian ships in, 33; Empress Jingo and pearls of ebb and flood, 40; history and mythology of, 324; races of, 324; names of, 333, and also note 3; 352.
“Jewel that grants all Desires”, 73, 129; in India, China, and Japan, 39; fish eye as, 218.
Jewels as “Kami” in Japan, 343.
“Jewels of Flood and Ebb”, 40.
Jimmu Tenno, 379, 386.
Jingo, Japanese Empress, 40, 385.
Jokwa, 345; as Mother Goddess, 152.
Junks, Burmese and Chinese, and Egyptian ships, 29, 32; origin of, 24.
Kami, the evil, 343; the Japanese, 341.
Kasenko, Japanese Artemis, 171.
Khotan, as trading centre, 202.
Kian Yuan, Chinese goddess, 270.
“Kingdom under the Sea”, 95; Kusanagi sword legend and, 101.
Kings, Mythical Chinese, 277.
Ko-ji-ki, the, Japanese sacred book, 347.
Korea, Empress Jingo and, 40; ginseng (mandrake) cultivated in, 334; ideas regarding soul in, 241; Japanese and, 20; Chinese overrun, 21; the dolmen in, 325.
Koryaks, Egyptian boats of, 32.
Kuda-tama, “tube-shaped” beads, 337 (see Tama).
Kufas, Chinese and Mesopotamian, 25.
Kurgans as culture centres, 200.
Kusanagi sword, 382; of Japan, 101.
Kwang Tze, Taoist teacher, 302.
Kwan-yin, goddess of mercy, 271; as mother and child giver, 271; as war goddess, 272.
Lake of Life, the Indian, 126.
“Language of Birds”, in dragon lore, 73; in Egyptian dragon-slaying myth, 77; in northern myths, 77.
Lao Tze, founder of Taoism, 299; Osiris, Julius Cæsar, &c., and, 299, 300.
Lapis-lazuli, as “essence of gold”, 219.
Leech-child, deity called, 351.
Lightning as “Fire of Life”, 160.
Literature, Chinese god of, 233.
Loki, Susa-no-wo and, 364.
Lotus, Far Eastern goddess’s flower, 171; Egyptian Hathor as, 172; the Cosmic, 303.
Maga-tama, “comma-shaped” beads, 337 (see Tama); curved jewels, children created from, 366; in Amaterâsu cave-myth, 368.
Makara, dragon as, 150; elephant-headed dolphin as, 203; eye of a gem, 218; gold and mercury and, 215; Babylonian sea-goat and, 215; gold and pearls and, 215.
Malachite, as offering to dead, 37 (see Metal Symbolism).
Manchu Dynasty, 292.
Mandrake, as life plant, 246; colours and shapes of, 174; cultivated in Korea, 334; Korean spirit of, 335; cypress tree and, 167; dog and, 168; apple tree and, 168; jade and, 216; lotus, pomegranate, and, 172; ginseng as, 174; Shakespeare’s references to, 168, and also note 1; see Plant of Life.
“Man in the moon”, 146.
Mariners, ancient, 13; as culture-carriers, 35; motives for activities of, 36; Chinese, 24; in Korea and Japan, 25; Crete reached by, 28; early activities of, 27; Egyptian voyages, 30; Sumeria’s first seaport, 30; motives for voyages of, 45; pearl-lore and, 41; Phœnicians as traders, 30; sea gods of, 50; Sumeria reached by, 31; the Polynesian, 33; long voyages of, 33–5, 36; wanderings of, 44; see Ships.
Maya gem symbolism, 336.
Mead in moon, 145.
Medicinal plants, 158 (see Tree of Life).
Melanesia, Fish-god of, and dragon, 68.
Melusina legend, in Chinese dragon-lore, 87, 88, 97 (see Pearl Princess).
Mercury, in Elixir of Life, 38; in Indian medicine, 215.
Mercy, goddess of, 271.
Mermaids, as providers of herb cures, 85.
Metals, search for, spreads civilization, 199 (see Mariners and Ships).
Metal Symbolism, 37; Chinese associated copper with death and darkness, 39; iron dreaded by dragons, 38, 39; Greek, Indian, Chinese, 37, 38; in Chinese dragon-lore, 38; in Indian creation myth, 38; Indian colour symbolism and, 38; malachite and silver as offerings to Egyptian dead, 37; Chinese alchemists’ “liquor of immortality”, 38; why gold was sought, 42; see Copper, Gold, Iron, and Silver.
Mikado, as Osiris and Horus, 386; Paradise of, 341; like Pharaohs of Egypt, 341; as an Osiris, 339.
Mikados, descent of, from deities, 378; the ancient, 378.
Milk, Egyptian goddesses suckle souls, 133; from cockle-shells in Japanese myth, 374; from cockle-shells in Scotland, 374, and also note 4; motherless children in Tibetan myth, 261; offered to dead in Scotland, 133; in Egyptian Paradise 133; Sea of, 111, 112.
Milk goddesses, Chinese tigress and European and Egyptian forms of, 237; vultures with breasts in Egyptian myth, 238; Egyptian cow-goddess, 238 (see Mother Goddess).
Milky Way, as source of Chinese, Egyptian, and Indian rivers, 110, 111; Celestial River of, 148; Chinese sage reaches, 144; holy woman reaches, 149; Island of Blest in, 106; souls in, 319; Spinning Maiden of, 147.
Mind, heart as, 222, 223.
Ming Dynasty, 292.
Mirror, 369; in Amaterâsu cave myth, 369 (see Obsidian).
Mistletoe, as plant of life, 100; in Asia, 176; sacred to Ainu, 330; see Plant of Life.
Mongol Dynasty, 292.
Moon, as “Pearl of Heaven”, 44; as source of dew and nectar, 157; as source of life, 150; bamboo and, 150; Chinese woman in, 144; jade, pearls, mandrake, &c., shine like, 216; Man in the, 146; Indra in, 146; dog in, 147; metals of, 219; Mother Goddess and, 146; night-shining stones and herbs and, 186; pearls and, 218; as pearl, 64, 157; silver as metal of, 37; as source of Water of Life, 183; Tree of, 145; vapour from, causes pregnancy, 286; yellow dragon and, 149.
Moon and Tree goddess, 172.
Moon Girl, the Japanese, 150.
Moon Island, 148.
Moon mead, 145.
Moon rabbit and hare, 144.
Moon Water, 145.
Moonlight Pearl, 218.
Mother Goddess, as “Mountain of Dawn”, 185; as sun-boat, 185; as source of moistures of life, 159; as Tree of Life, 134; Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 246; mandrake and, 246; red earth and, 246; Chinese, and Demeter, 138; Chinese archer and, 144; Chinese “Genius of the Hills”, 269, 270; Chinese Nu Kwa, 151; jade created by, 152; Chinese symbols of, 265; Cosmic Egg and, 266; Chinese Si Wang Mu, and Japanese Seiobo, 137; Chinese tigress as, 236, 237; coloured fruits and stones of, 165; connection of, with gems and metals, 216; coral as tree of, 165; connection of, with water, 165; Dew of Immortality from, 144; Egyptian and Chinese, 137; Egyptian Hathor feeds souls of dead, 133; European animal forms of, 183, 237; Egyptian serpent form of, 237; Egyptian cow-goddess, 238; fish form of, 222; pearl connection causes jade connection, 221; forms and attributes of, 246; goat form of, 183; gold of, 189, 190; in Taoism, 302; jade contains influence of, 243; Kiang Yuan as, 270; lotus of, in Far East and Egypt, 171; mugwort of, 171; moon and, 146, 157; night-shining gems and herbs of, 186; peach and, in Japan, 343; peach tree of, 143; pot of, 184, 187; star form of, 184; scarab as, 223; cicada as, 224; Scottish, as a stone, 182; sparrow as messenger of, 139; stones as, 185; precious stones of, 185; the Ainu and, 329, 333; the Heavenly Lady Pa, Virgin Mother Nu-Chi and nine Sons, 268; “The Heavenly Lady Pao”, 278; The Poosa as goddess or Buddha, 271; Kwan-yin, goddess of mercy, 271; Kwan-yin as child-giver, 271; the Syrian, 216; tree, shells, pearls, gold, silver, jade, and, 157, 220; see Artemis, Hathor, Izanami, &c.
Mother of Western King, Chinese goddess as, 137.
Mountains, Japanese dragons and, 39.
Mouse-Apollo, 185, 375 and also note 3.
Mouse, in Japanese Ohonamochi myth, 375.
Mugwort, reverenced by Ainu, 330; Artemis and, 170; Chinese lore regarding, 171; as aid at birth, 172; Far Eastern Artemis clothed in, 171; Mexican goddess of, 172; goat and, 173; pine and, 168.
Mummification, history of, 257.
Naga form of Indra, 238.
Nagas, as guardians of pearls, 73; Chinese dragons and, 69; Garudas as enemies of, 70; Japanese dragons and, 344; Tibetan, Chinese, and Japanese, 70.
Navigation, Egyptian origin of, 27; in Far East and Oceania, 32–5; see Mariners and Ships.
“Neolithic Age” unknown in China, 213.
Nig-gil-ma, the Babylonian, 245; the Japanese, 349; see Plant of Life.
Nihon-gi, Japanese sacred book, 347.
Nu-Chi, Chinese goddess, 268.
Nu Kwa, 220, 345; as goddess of West, 151; Japanese Jokwa, 152; Chinese Ishtar, 269; Fu Hi as brother of, 277; in Deluge myth, 267.
Oak, reverenced by Ainu, 331.
Obsidian, mirrors of, 211, and also note 1; use of, by early seafarers, 28 (see Mirror).
Ohonamochi, flight of, from Hades, 376; in Creation myth, 376; elfin deity and, 377; the story of, 373.
Ojin Tenno, the Mikado, 385.
“Opening of Mouth” ceremony in Egypt and China, 222; in Chinese myths, 258–62.
Orange Tree of Life, 379, 380 (see Tree of Life).
Osiris, agriculture and, 6; as the Nile, 8, 53; as dangerous god, 53; as serpent of Nile, 52; Babylonian Ea and, 30; cult of, 9; missionaries of, 9, 10; Dionysos and Bacchus and, 10; dragon-lore and, 54; gazelle and, 52; potter’s wheel and, 20.
Pʼan Ku, as ancestor of three races, 274; as world artisan, 260; as Chinese Ymir, 260; Egyptian Ptah and, 262–5; Emperor Yu as, 284.
Paradise, Ainu myths of, 331; Chinese sages reach, 144; Japanese “Eternal Land”, 379; Lord of Fish carries saint to, 141; Polynesian, 380; Buddhist, 126; Indian Uttara Kuru, 128; the Stellar, 148, 210; the “Wonderful Rose Garden”, 135; Under-Sea, of Japan, 381; Ainu, 381; see also Underworld and Islands of Blest.
Patriarch Phăng lives for 1500 years, 319, 322.
Peach, as fruit of Chinese goddess, 139; as Kami in Japan, 343; in Japanese Hades myth, 360.
Peach of Longevity, 138.
Peach, Son of, story, 153.
Peach tree indigenous in China, 141.
Peach Tree of Life, 116, 137; Chinese, 136 (see Tree of Life).
Pearl, as “wish-jewel”, 39; moon and lore of, 44; Polynesian dragon and, 51; “soul substance” in, 86.
Pearl fishers, sharks and dragon-lore, 47; wanderings of, 43.
Pearl Mountain, in Chinese Paradise, 137.
“Pearl of Heaven” in dragon procession, 64; moon as, 157.
Pearl Princess legend, 97; the Abundant, 378 (see Melusina).
Pearl-shell, mugwort and, 171; religious use of, by Sumerians, 195, 196.
Pearls, ancient mariners as searchers for, 41; as “life-givers” (margan), 219; beliefs regarding origin of, 253; Buddhist belief in, 126; dragons and, 39, 49; fish scales and, 222; “Great Bear” and, 232; in Japan, 343; in Japanese waters, 333; in Shinto faith, 335; jade and, 157; jade and gold used like, 214; Japanese Tama, 220; Nagas and, 73; night-shining, 39, 64, 216; Polynesian dragon and, 68; produced at Dragon Battles, 57; shark as guardian of, 221; Mother Goddess and, 222; the moonlight, 218; flaming or fiery, 218; whale’s eyes as, 218; of Ebb and Flood, 40, 54.
Peking, religious significance of situation of, 236.
Perseus myth, Japanese version of, 346.
Persia, Bird and serpent myth in, 74.
Peruvians, whale worshipped by, 49.
Phœnicians, Africa circumnavigated by, 34; as seafarers, 30; Solomon’s mariners were, 36; as Egypt’s mariners, 34; colonies of, in Europe and Asia, 30.
Pike, Northern God as, 77.
Pillars of Cardinal Points, 227, 268.
Pine, Ainu and, 330; Chinese goddess and, 270.
Pine Tree, Maiden of, 170; Japanese Jo and Uba of, 171; mugwort and, 168; Japanese dog and pine story, 168.
Pine Tree of Life, 116, 166.
Planets, the five, mythical kings and, 274.
Plant of Birth, 335.
Plant of Life, Babylonian legend of, 99; Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245; goat and, 173; in Taoism, 320; Japanese “reed shoot” as, 349, 350; mandrake as, 174, 246; tea as, 175; mistletoe as, in Asia and Europe, 176; ivy and mugwort in Asia, 176; mandrake (ginseng), mushroom and fungus as, in Japan, 335; mistletoe as, 100; origin of, from tears of deities, 180; sap of, as elixir, 145; hemp as, 180; the “huchu”, 177; the “root”, in Taoism, 312.
Plants of Life, 158.
Plum tree, dragon’s blood originates, 80.
Plum Tree of Life, 116; butterfly and, 225.
Polar Star, as “Pivot of Sky”, 232; as Babylonian god, 232; as Chinese god, 232.
Polynesia, ancient mariners reach, 45; bird-god and serpent-god in, 71; Cosmic Egg in, 348; dragon of, 50, 51; dragon of, and pearls, 51; dragon of, and Babylonian, 78; dragon of, and Chinese, 67; “Fire nail” legend of, 84; Garden Paradise of, 380; Paradise of chiefs, 381; ghosts go westward, 121; myth of separation of Heaven and Earth in, 348; Tree of Life in, 135; wandering ghosts in, 132; well of life in, 119, 120; connection with America, 120.
Polynesian gods, Chinese dragons and, 48; birds, beasts, and reptiles as, 48; in sea shells, 48; protectors of fisheries, 49.
Polynesians, Egyptian boats of, 33; long voyages of, 33.
Poosa (see Kwan-yin).
Pot, the Mother, 16, 183, 187, 303; Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245; Chinese, 266; Lotus and, 172.
Potters, male and female, 15.
Potter’s wheel, an Egyptian invention, 13; China receives, 17; Chinese same as Egyptian, 22; in Babylonia and Persia, 22; did not “evolve”, 17; unknown in America, 18; Japanese receive, 20; Koreans and, 20, 21; Ptah-Osiris and, 20; sacred in Egypt, 19; Biblical references to, 19; Chinese Emperors and potters, 19–20; went farther than inventors, 42.
Pottery and civilization, 14, 15.
Pottery, religious and secular, 18.
Progress, Origin of, 12.
Ptah, Egyptian god (or Ptah-Osiris), as divine potter, 20.
Pumpelly Expedition, 200.
Purple Sea, 140.
Rabbit of moon, 144.
Rain god, dragon as, 55.
Red Island, Egyptian Horus and, 99.
Reed Plains, Land of, China and Japan as, 360.
Reed Shoot, in Japanese myth, 349.
Reeds, religious use of, 85, and also note 3.
Rhinoceros horn, healing qualities of, 249; jade and, 247; Yang in, 248; pearl fishers used, 249; nocturnal luminosity of, 219, 249; warm and cold, 249.
Rhinoceros, prototype of unicorn, 250; herbs and, 250; as Judgment Beast, 250.
Rip Van Winkles, the Chinese, 177–180.
River of Life, Polynesian belief regarding, 121; Ganges as, 121; Lethe as, 121.
Rush mats, magical use of, 85.
Rush patterns on jade, 85.
Russian Turkestan, Babylonian influence in, 202.
Sacrifices, human, in China, 290.
Salmon, worshipped by Ainu, 330; as dragon in China, 76; as dragon in Scotland, 75; as Irish dragon, 77; Loki as, 76.
“Salmon of Knowledge”, the Gaelic, 77.
San Tsi herb, goat and, 173 (see Plant of Life).
Scarab, jade forms resemble, 226.
Scotland, Apple-land Paradise, 124; doctrine of Cardinal Points in, 229; eagle carries man to Island Paradise, 129; eagle-stone and raven-stone, 129; Gaelic story regarding water of life, 120; goddess as stone, 182; goddess with hammer, 262; offerings to dead in, 133; salmon as dragon in, 75; soul forms in, 240; calling back of souls, 241; wind-raising stones in, 58.
Scottish serpent charm resembles Chinese, 57.
Sea-cows, 50.
Sea-dogs, dragons and, 48; as guardians of pearls, 48.
Seafarers, ancient (see Mariners).
Sea trade, early, 293 (see Ships).
Secretary Bird, mungoose replaces, in Indian myth, 73; origin of bird and serpent myth, 71, 72.
Seiobo, 380; Cosmic Egg and, 266, 267; Japanese goddess, 137; same as Si Wang Mu of China, 137.
Serpent and bird myths, 66.
Serpent charm, Scottish, resembles Chinese, 57.
Serpent, Osiris as, 59; the horned, dragon and, 54; water snake becomes dragon, 54; see Snake.
Set, gazelle and, 52.
Shang Dynasty, 285–8; Patriarch Phăng in, 319.
Shang-ti, God of Sky, 272.
Shao-Kʼang, the Chinese Horus, 285.
Shark, as guardian of pearls, 221; King as, 68, 69; see Dragons.
Sharks, as dragons in Polynesia, 78; dragons and, 47, 48.
Shells, ancient trade in, 43; religious use of, 43; Buddhist belief in, 126; cowry symbolism, 44; deities and, 44; gold and, 164; milk from, 374, and also note 4; Polynesian dragon and, 51; Polynesian gods in, 48.
Shen-ming, as father of agriculture, 20; Osiris and, 277.
Shensi, as cradle of Chinese civilization, 209.
Shintai (god body), the Japanese, 338; Spirit of Kami in, 341.
Shinto, concerned chiefly with food supply, health, &c., 340; deities of fire, food, &c., 352; Dragon Flood myth in, 346; Gods of Sea, 352; myth of separation of heaven and earth in, 347, 348; not Nature worship, 386; doctrines of, 335; revival of, 387.
Shipbuilding, origin of, in Egypt, 27; as Egyptian national industry, 28.
Ships, Ancient Egyptian and Chinese, 24; earliest, on Chinese coasts, 293; Egyptian, in Burmah, &c., 32; in Japan, 32; in Far East, 325; Malay, Polynesian, &c., 33; Cecil Torr on Egyptian types of, 33; went farther than inventors, 42; see Barge of Death, Boat of Death, Navigation, and Mariners.
Shun, the Emperor, as fisher, potter, and agriculturist, 20; son of rainbow, 280.
Siberia, art links with China, 203; bronze links with Europe, 205; gold in, 202; horse sacrifices in, 355; religious symbols of, 203.
Sigurd, Chinese Shun and, 280.
Silk-worms, Chinese Empress nourishes, 278; Japanese myth of origin of, 369.
Silver, as moon metal, 37; as offering to dead, 37; Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, 245; bad metal in India, 38; Buddhist belief in, 126; pearls, &c., and, 219; Tree of Life roots are, 116; see Metal Symbolism.
Si Wang Mu, 380; Chinese goddess, 137; Japanese Seiobo and, 137; Cosmic egg and, 266, 267; in Chinese legend, 139.
Snake, Dragon-maiden as, 87; Japanese dragon as, 353; see Serpent.
Solomon, as importer of peacocks, 32; imports of, 34; ships of, 30.
Soma, moon and, 145 (see Amrita).
Soul, as White Bird in Japanese myth, 384; calling back of, in China, Siberia, Egypt, and British Isles, 241; Chinese ideas regarding, 239; crane as carrier of, 240; boat of, 240; dragon as carrier of, 240; departure of, during life, 240; animal, &c., forms of, in Europe, 240; Indonesian forms of, 241; two souls in China, 241; Egyptian ideas regarding, in China, 241; Japanese dead as animals, 341; no ghosts in early Shinto, 341; Kami and, 343; kings and ancestors as gods, 242; kirins as carriers of, 240; in moon or starland, 240; transmigration of, 240; Korean belief in three souls, 241; Shinto ideas regarding, 335; soldiers’ spirits worshipped in Japan, 386.
Sparrow as messenger of goddess, 139.
Spines of fish and whales as amulets in Europe and America, 49.
Spinning Maiden in Milky Way, 147, 148 (see Milky Way and Mother goddesses).
Spirits (see Soul).
Spirits of fallen soldiers worshipped in Japan, 386.
Stag, Chinese goddess and, 140; dragon and, 51.
Star goddesses of China and Egypt, 147.
Star gods, as ancestors, 275; Dragon Swords and, 275.
Stars, Chinese Emperors and, 277–80; Chinese god and goddess of, 233; Emperor Yu and, 281; Irish myth and Chinese, 281, 282; “Great Bear” constellation as controller of Yang and Yin, 231; Norse “World mill” and, 232.
Stone, coffins of, 226.
“Stone of Darkness”, copper and, 39.
Stone tears, 181 (see Tears).
Stones, as Dragon Eggs, 58, 59; deities in, 182; formed by sap, 182; goats as, 184; Chinese spirits in, 185; herbs and, 186; night-shining, 64, 186; water-yielding, 186; Norse gods spring from, 182; Mithra springs from rock, 182; Indonesian beliefs regarding, 182, 183; Syrian goddess and, 217; Syrian goddess’s night-shining gem, 217; the Dragon, 182; turquoise, and goddess, 58; Egyptian goddess and, 58; vital essence graded in, 186.
Stones and trees, 180.
Stork, the blue, 140.
Sumeria, culture of, begins in seaport, 30; dragon-god (Ea) of, 30, 52; early seafarers reach, 31, 32 (see Babylonia).
Sung Dynasty, 292.
Sun goddess, Japanese, in cave, 368, 369.
Sun, gold as metal of, 37.
Susa-no-wo, as Lord of Hades, 374; banishment of, 365; creates children from jewels, 366; children of, 373; dragon-slaying myth, 371; slays food goddess, 369; harries Heaven, 368; expulsion and punishment of, 369; Japanese dragon-slayer, 346; son of Izanagi, 362; as weeping god, 363; Indra and, 363.
Sword, the Dragon (Kusanagi sword), 382.
Sword, the Japanese Dragon, 372.
Sword transformed into tree, 183.
Swords, dragons and stars and, 275; and herbs, 100.
Sycamore Fig Tree of Life, 134 (see Tree of Life).
Tama, 350, 369 (see Maga-tama and Kuda-tama); foxes and, 221; the Japanese, pearl, jade, &c., as, 220; soul and, 335.
Tammuz, the Far Eastern, 138.
Tʼang, founder of Shang Dynasty, 285.
Tʼang Dynasty, 292.
Taoism, Buddhism and, 210, 323; doctrines of, 297; Egyptian and Indian elements in, 303; Lao Tze founder of, 299; Kwang Tze, 302.
Tea as elixir, 175 (see Plant of Life and Tree of Life).
Tears, “Tree tears” and “Stone tears”, 180, et seq.; of deities, 180; plants grow from, 180.
Thunder-ball, -axe, and -drum, 262, 263.
Thunder-god, goats of, 183.
Thunder-pearls, dragon and, 39.
Tibet, bird and serpent combined in, 72; Nagas of, 70; Ymir myth of, 261; Ymir of, 274.
Tiger, as Chinese were-animal, 221; as enemy of dragon, 47; as Kami in Japan, 343; as wind controller, 235; Chinese goddess and, 138; and war, 236; Emperor Yu and, 282; influence of, on towns, 236; metal and, 233; the white, Chinese goddess and, 140; see Cardinal Points and Colour Symbolism.
Tigress, Mother Goddess as, 237.
Tongue amulets of jade, 222.
Tongue and heart connection, 222.
Toriwi, symbolic gateway, 339.
Tortoise, Chinese goddess and, 140; god as, in India and Japan, 112; use of, in China, 112; in royal legend, 280.
Tortoise god, the Ainu, 330.
Trade, earliest Egyptian, 10; Chinese, 293.
Tree, deities and dragons become, 152; fire from, 162; sword becomes, 183.
Tree-lore, blood from trees, 143 (see Tree of Life); gold, jade, pearls, shells, and, 157.
Tree of Life, animals that browse on, 174; as “World Tree”, 136; at Heliopolis, 122; Buddhist Bodhi-tree as, 126; cassia tree as, 141; peach tree indigenous in China, 141; Chinese goddess and, 152; Chinese Peach, 138; cicada and, 225; butterfly and, 225; Plum, 225; Coral Tree, 219; date stone elixir, 178; dragon and, 75; dragons and, 167; evergreen as, 167; mandrake and cypress, 167; fruit of, ensures 3000 years of life, 166; pine tree elixir, 166; cypress seeds as elixir, 166; camphor as life-giver, 166; gems as fruit of, 165; gold trunk, silver roots, and gem leaves of, 116; in Egyptian Paradise, 134; in Egyptian Pyramid Texts, 108; in Greek myths, 123; apple tree as, 124; in Polynesia, 121; life-giving incense from, 142; blood from, 143; linden tree as, 135; Chinese peach tree as, 136; men climb, to reach Paradise, 149, 150; mugwort and pine, 168; orange tree as, in Japan, 379; sap of, as elixir, 146; souls ascend, 240; sycamore fig as, 134; Cretan, 134; British and Indian, 134; Polynesian, 135; the ash as, 136; Indian, 136; Assyrian, 137; date, vine, fir, cedar, oak, and pomegranate, 137; Biblical reference to, 137; the date, 178; the jujube, 179; world mountain and, 137; peach, plum, and pine as, 116.
Trees, jade and, 165; coral and, 165; stones formed from, 182; weeping, 181.
Trees and stones, 180.
Tree tears, 180.
Tree under water, dragon as, 75.
Trigrams, 275.
Tsʼin Dynasty, 291.
Turquoise, Babylonian supplies of, from Chinese Turkestan, 203; Hathor goddess of, 58.
Turtles in Isle of Blest legend, 112.
Typhoon, cave of, 55, 56.
Underworld, Ainu ideas of, 331; dragons of, 95; Gaelic story of, 120; Isles of Blest and, 135; Osiris and, 99; Susa-no-wo as lord of, 374; Yomi as, 340; see Islands of Blest and Paradise.
Unicorn, rhinoceros and, 250.
Vampire, dragon as, 64, 65.
Wall, the Great, 291, 292.
Wani, Japanese, 354 (see Dragon).
War god of China, tiger as, 236.
Water, dragon controller of, 235; stones and, 58, 59.
Water and fire, 159, 160.
Water of Life, Alexander’s search for, 125; body moistures and, 159; Chinese and Japanese search for, 138; dew as, 139; dragons and, 75, 159; Hawaiian story of, 120; Gaelic story of, 120; in Chinese Island of Blest, 110; in Egyptian Paradise, 133; in Fung-shui doctrine, 234; in Taoism, 302, 317, 321; in various Paradises, 129; in Babylonian myth, 132; lunar pot of, 187; lunar source of, 183; Pot and, 246; South Sea Island tradition of, 121; tear from goddess star, 184; Siberian wells, 204; lunar, 145; purple, 140; see Well of Life.
Water snakes and dragons, 54.
Wealth, religious incentive to quest of, 45.
Well of Life, Ceylon, 121; at Heliopolis, 122; green water of, 125; in Koran, 126; in Egyptian Pyramid Texts, 108; in Taoism, 318; search for, led to discovery of Florida, 119; Polynesian search for, 119; see Water of Life.
West, cult of, 134, 210; Chinese goddess and, 137; Chinese Ishtar and, 266; in China and Egypt, 60, 229; in Japan, 380; in Polynesia, 121; in Taoism, 302; Japanese and, 229.
West, Paradise of, Chinese souls in, 240; in Japanese myth, 377, and also note 4.
West, Royal Lady of, and Buddha, 210; Chinese empress becomes, 151.
West, Royal Mother of, 137.
Western Paradise, Buddha of, 210.
Whale, Maori dragon compared to, 49; Scottish witches and, 49; dolphin, dugong, and, 50; worshipped in Peru, 49; dragons and, 49; backbone of, as amulet in Crete, in Liguria, and America, 49; pearls as eyes of, 218.
Willow, sacred in Siberia, 330; sacred to Ainu, 330.
Wind, controlled by White Tiger god, 235 (see Tiger).
Winged disk, in Egypt and Mexico, 71.
Winter, as dry season in China, 56.
Wolf, as Kami in Japan, 343.
World Guardians, Japanese, 343.
World Mill, “Great Bear” constellation and, 232.
World Mountain, 137.
World Tree, 136 (see Tree of Life).
World’s Ages, metals and doctrine of, 37; Greek and Indian, 37 (see Ages, the Mythical).
Wu, founder of Chou Dynasty, Gilgamesh, &c., and, 288; ode on birth of, 288; reign of, 289; human sacrifices introduced by, 290.
Wu-Yih, the Emperor, blood bag of, 286; plays dice with god, 286; Kafir idol-beating, 287; Egyptian king and, 287, and also note 1.
Yakuts, poor potters but good wood- and iron-workers, 15.
Yamato-Take, Japanese hero, 382; worship of, 386.
Yang and Yin, 230; controlled by “Great Bear”, 231; in Japan, 348.
Yellow River, Paradise reached by, 143.
Yin and Yang (see under Yang).
Ymir, Pʼan Ku and, 263.
Yomi, Izanami and Izanagi in, 357; Indian Yama and, 357; Japanese Otherworld, 340; Peach Tree of Life on border of, 380; Susa-no-wo as lord of, 374.
Yu, the Emperor, 281; in Deluge myth, 283; as Pʼan Ku, 284.
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