BIOGRAPHICAL (continued 16)

Mordo McDonald was but an infant when brought by his parents to Oregon and was reared at home with the usual experiences of the boy brought up in pioneer surroundings. His education was that afforded in the district schools but he received thorough training in farming through assisting his father. In early manhood he was associated with his brothers and his father in the operation of the home place. When he was twenty-five years old he and his five brothers bought a tract of land, which they cultivated in addition to operating the homestead. This partnership was maintained until 1895, when Mr. McDonald of this review removed to Walla Walla county, Washington. For a year he conducted a butcher business in partnership with Chris Ennis, and then, with three other men, went into the horse business, furnishing eight thousand horses to the government for service in the Philippine islands. He became interested in raising horses and for a number of years devoted his time to that work, becoming well known as a horse dealer and breeder and confined his business entirely to handling government horses. In 1908, however, he gave up that work and began cultivating his present home farm of one hundred and sixty acres on section 8, township 6 north, range 36 east. He raises the crops best suited to the soil and climate of this section and receives a good profit from his labors.

On December 24, 1889, Mr. McDonald was united in marriage to Miss Belle Cameron, a daughter of Alex Cameron, who came to Oregon on the same emigrant train of which the McDonald family were a part. To this union were born two children: Jessie, the wife of W. C. Marsh, a resident of Los Angeles, California; and Hector, at home. The wife and mother died in 1906 and on June 2, 1909, Mr. McDonald was united in marriage to Miss Florence Halvor, of The Dalles, Oregon.

Mr. McDonald is well known as an active worker in the republican party and in the fall of 1906 he was elected to represent his district in the state legislature, in which connection he made a record creditable alike to his ability and public spirit. For several years he served as chairman of the republican central committee and at one election in that period every man on the ticket was successful with the exception of the candidate for constable, who was sick in the hospital and was, therefore, unable to canvass the county. Mr. McDonald was a member of the board that had charge of the Walla Walla county exhibit, held in Portland, and the fact that the exhibit won many prizes is proof of the energy and efficiency which the board brought to their task. The other members were, Dr. N. G. Blalock and C. L. Whitney. Mr. McDonald's fraternal connections are with Blue Mountain Lodge, No. 13, A. F. & A. M.; Walla Walla Chapter, No. 1, R. A. M.; Washington Commandery, No. 1, K. T.; and El Katif Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Spokane. He is thoroughly western in spirit and interests and has full confidence in the prosperous future in store for Washington.

JOHN B. DUNHAM.

No matter in how much fantastic theorizing one may indulge as to the cause of success, he must eventually reach the conclusion that prosperity is the outcome of persistent effort and indefatigable industry combined with close application. This statement finds verification in the life record of John B. Dunham, a prosperous stock dealer now residing in Walla Walla. He was born in Logansport, Indiana, November 13, 1842, a son of John and Matilda (Griffin) Dunham, both of whom were natives of the Hoosier state, where they were reared and married. The father, attracted by the discovery of gold in California, was among those who made their way to the Pacific coast over the Isthmus route in 1849. He was reasonably successful in his search for the precious metal and in 1850 he returned to Indiana with the rewards of his labor. Soon afterward he removed to Champaign county, Illinois, where he was engaged in farming up to the time of his death.

John B. Dunham spent his youthful days under the parental roof and acquired a district school education. When not busy with his textbooks his attention was given to the work of the farm and he assisted in the tasks of plowing, planting and harvesting. In June, 1864, when in the early twenties, he responded to the country's call for military aid, enlisting as a member of Company A, One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Illinois Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war, being mustered out in September, 1865. When the country no longer needed his aid he engaged in farming in Champaign county, Illinois, there remaining until 1888, when he came to the coast, settling first at Roseburg, Oregon. There he engaged in the feed business for three years and afterward removed to Eugene, Oregon, where he was engaged in merchandising for five years. In 1896 he came to Walla Walla, where he has since made his home and during the period of his residence here, covering twenty-one years, he has been successfully engaged in the livestock business. Persistency of purpose has ever been one of his marked characteristics and, guided by sound judgment, has brought him a very substantial measure of prosperity.

On the 19th of December, 1883, Mr. Dunham was united in marriage to Miss Eliza J. Hull, a daughter of John Hull, of Champaign county, Illinois. They have become the parents of four children, as follows: Lena E., who is the widow of W. G. Osborne and resides in Los Angeles, California; Charley, who makes his home in Baker, Oregon; Fannie M., the wife of John Shaddick, who is proprietor of an automobile garage in Walla Walla; and Victor B., a resident of Montana.

In his political views Mr. Dunham is a stalwart republican but has never been an office seeker. For the past three years he and his wife have spent the winter seasons in southern California but return to Walla Walla for the summer months. They have gained many friends during the period of their residence in this city and the hospitality of their home is greatly enjoyed by their associates. In business affairs Mr. Dunham sustains an unassailable reputation for integrity as well as enterprise and in matters of citizenship he has always been as true and loyal to his country as when he followed the nation's starry banner on the battlefields of the south.

MATTHEW LYONS.

Matthew Lyons, who is successfully engaged in farming in Walla Walla county, was born in Ireland, March 22, 1869, and is a son of Thomas and Anne (Touey) Lyons, also natives of that country. When about twenty-one years of age the father went to Australia, where he engaged in mining for some time, and while there he met Miss Anne Touey and they were married. After spending twelve years in that country, during which time four children were born to them, they returned to Ireland, where the following two years were passed. In 1871, however, they again left the Emerald isle and this time came to the United States, bringing with them their family of six children. The father having a brother, Patrick Lyons, residing in Washington, the family proceeded to this state and here Thomas Lyons homesteaded a tract near Dixie, in Walla Walla county. As time passed he steadily prospered in his farming operations and became the owner of two thousand acres of land in one body. He also acquired a large tract of fourteen hundred acres on Russell creek. He continued the operation of his land for many years, but in 1902 purchased a home at No. 204 Newell street, Walla Walla, and there spent the remainder of his life, dying on the 1st of February, 1914, at the age of eighty years. His wife survived him only one week and passed away at the age of seventy-eight. Their three youngest children were born in Washington and of the nine, eight are yet living: John, now a resident of Valdez, Alaska; Frank P., a physician of Kansas City, Missouri; Delia C., who is living at the old home in Walla Walla; Thomas R., an ex-judge of Juneau, Alaska, and now an attorney of Seattle, Washington; Matthew, of this review; Annie, deceased; James C., who is engaged in farming on Russell creek; Eleanor B., a resident of Walla Walla; and Margaret E., the wife of Frank Shaw, of Seward, Alaska.

THOMAS LYONS

MRS. THOMAS LYONS

Matthew Lyons was a mere infant when brought by his parents to this state and here he grew to manhood. He attended the district schools and completed his education at the Empire Business College of Walla Walla, from which he was graduated. During his boyhood and youth he assisted his father in the farm work and on attaining his majority took charge of a portion of the homestead, of which he now owns four hundred and eighty acres. He also rents a large tract of land and is today operating two thousand acres devoted to wheat. Although his attention is principally given to the raising of grain, he raises stock to some extent and has steadily prospered in his business undertakings.

In 1903 Mr. Lyons was united in marriage to Miss Hannah Chandler, a native of Detroit, Michigan, and a daughter of Joseph and Matilda (Smith) Chandler. To Mr. and Mrs. Lyons have been born five children, as follows, Margaret G., Eleanor M., Mary B., Matthew J. and Gerard, of whom the last named is deceased. In 1916 Mr. Lyons erected a commodious modern residence on South Third street, Walla Walla, and here the family now reside.

He has never been an office seeker but has nevertheless manifested a commendable interest in public affairs and has staunchly supported the candidates and measures of the democratic party. He holds membership in the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Columbus and the Maccabees and is deservedly popular in those organizations. Both he and his wife are communicants of the Catholic church. He is enthusiastic concerning Walla Walla county and its opportunities and finds pleasure in cooperating in movements calculated to advance its interests.

JAMES McGREEVY.

James McGreevy, a prosperous retired farmer residing on section 8, township 13 north, range 43 east, Garfield county, was born in Ireland, March 22, 1867, a son of Hugh and Rose (Flynn) McGreevy, both of whom passed their entire lives in Ireland. They had two children, of whom the daughter, Jennie, is still a resident of the Emerald isle.

The son, James McGreevy came to the United States when only eleven years of age and joined an uncle living in Pittsburgh. After remaining there for five years he went to Iowa, where he lived for one year. It was in 1889 that he settled in Columbia county, Washington, and for one year he engaged in the stock business, after which he purchased his present farm in Garfield county. It comprises four hundred and eighty acres, all of which is under cultivation, and the improvements thereon are excellent and add much to its value. He operated the place until 1914, when he retired, but he still retains his residence thereon.

Mr. McGreevy was married in 1898, in Washington, to Miss Rose Glennon, who was born in Clayton county, Iowa. He casts his ballot in support of the democratic party and has served acceptably as a member of the local school board. He holds membership in the Woodmen of the World and in the Farmers' Union and is deservedly popular in those organizations. He was thrown upon his own resources at an early age and his educational opportunities were limited, but his native soundness of judgment, combined with industry and the determination to succeed, has enabled him to distance many who started with greater advantages.

CHARLES E. BERG.

Charles E. Berg, the proprietor of the Lily mills in Walla Walla, has been engaged in that line of business for thirty-five years and is one of the pioneer mill men of eastern Washington. He was born in Polk county, Oregon, March 28, 1854, a son of John and Margaret (Donnelly) Berg, the former a native of Germany and the latter of Ireland. They came to America in young manhood and young womanhood and were married in San Francisco, California, whence they removed to Polk county, Oregon, in 1853. They took up their residence on a small ranch there and the father built a log cabin with a clapboard roof and stick chimney, which was the family home during the year they remained in Oregon. At the end of that time they returned to California, where the father engaged in mining for four years. In 1862, however, he removed to Walla Walla county, Washington, and remained here until his death. There were nine sons in his family, but only three are now living.

Charles E. Berg was a child when his parents removed to Walla Walla county and here he received his education, attending the pioneer schools. His first school stood at the corner of Fifth and Main streets, in Walla Walla, and in those early days each scholar had to pay fifty cents each week as the teacher's compensation. During his youth he learned the miller's trade and for thirty-five years has engaged in the milling business, being now the proprietor of the Lily mills of Walla Walla. He himself erected the plant in 1917 and he takes the greatest care in the manufacture of his flour, which is of the highest grade and for which he finds a ready sale. On investigation he found that about twenty-five thousand dollars per year was going out of the city for pancake flour, self-rising flour, corn meal and graham flour and that no mill here was manufacturing these products. Accordingly he erected his mill to supply the demand, believing he could do a good business and supply the people of his home vicinity at a considerable saving on these articles. His mill was completed and put in operation in January, 1918. Besides this plant he also owns forty acres of land and has a nice residence in Walla Walla.

CHARLES E. BERG

Mr. Berg was married in 1901 to Miss Matilda Gear and for his second wife chose Mrs. Etta Jones. The democratic party has a stanch supporter in Mr. Berg and for two terms he served efficiently as street commissioner of Walla Walla, while for twenty years he supervised the work of the prisoners at the state penitentiary. The competence which is now his is evidence of his industry and good management, for all that he has he has made by his own labors. He is highly esteemed by all who know him and has many warm personal friends. He was a member of the old Walla Walla Volunteer Fire Department until the paid department was created. While a lad in his teens he was "torch boy," whose duty it was to carry the light by which the firemen found their way to fires and for working about their apparatus, for at that time there were no street lights in Walla Walla. At the age of twenty-one years he became a full fledged fireman, his company being "Tiger" Engine Company No. 2. The machines were then pulled by hand and the water likewise pumped. Later they secured a steam engine. When the paid department was formed Mr. Berg retired from the service. He remembers the first fire in Walla Walla, which was the burning of the Robinson Theater at Seventh and Main streets, and the soldiers from the garrison helped in fighting the fire with a "bucket brigade." He also has vivid recollections of the early days when the Vigilantes were the law enforcers and often the law breakers. There was a secret society known as the U. F. F. Us, whose purpose was a mystery, which used to parade with torches and did mysterious things. On one occasion the Vigilantes had warned a negro called Slim Jim to leave the town. He was accused of making keys and releasing prisoners from the old jail. He was given a certain time to leave and warned that if he was not then gone he must hang. He failed to go, so one night they forced his room at the old City Hotel, took him in a wagon to South Second street and hanged him on a tree which now stands in the yard of Frank Singleton. His body was informally buried on a ridge not far from the place of execution, where was an old burying ground.

HENRY F. ZÜGER.

Henry F. Züger, a prosperous and up-to-date farmer of Walla Walla county engaged in the raising of both wheat and stock, has spent his entire life in this county, as his birth here occurred August 20, 1883. An account of the life of his father, Marcus Züger, Sr., appears elsewhere in this work.

Henry F. Züger was reared at home and received a good education in the public schools and in high school. On attaining his majority he entered into partnership with his brother, Marcus, and for five years they operated the homestead. At the end of that time Mr. Züger of this review took up his residence on his present farm on section 12, township 9 north, range 36 east. He holds title to six hundred acres and rents other land, operating in all twenty-one hundred acres. Although the land is all excellently adapted to wheat raising, he has found it more profitable to raise stock as well as wheat, and he has gained gratifying success along both lines. He realizes that while hard work is necessary in farming, industry alone is not enough; that the farmer as well as the business man must plan his work carefully and give attention to the proper marketing of his products.

Mr. Züger was married in 1908 to Miss Ella Clodius, a native of Mill Creek, Washington. They are the parents of a son and daughter, Charles V., and Helen M.

Mr. Züger is an advocate of the principles of the republican party and casts his ballot in support of its candidates. He has served as school clerk and has been instrumental in furthering the interests of the local educational system. He is well known as a member of the Elks and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and the principles of fraternity underlying these organizations find exemplification in his daily life. Both he and his wife are communicants of the Roman Catholic church and manifest a praiseworthy interest in its varied activities.

NATHANIEL WEBB.

Nathaniel Webb, who for many years was actively engaged in sheep raising and farming, is now living retired in Walla Walla at the advanced age of eighty-four years. He was born in Stamford, Connecticut, December 17, 1833, and is a son of John Webb, who was also born in Stamford and who devoted his life to farming. He removed to the middle west and his death occurred in Minnesota. The mother bore the maiden name of Sallie Davenport and was also a native of Connecticut.

Nathaniel Webb, who is one of two sons, went to California by the Nicaragua route in 1854 and ten years later removed to Oregon, whence in 1876 he came to Walla Walla county. For eight years he engaged in mining in California and Idaho and after removing to Oregon taught school for two or three terms at Roseburg, that state. In 1868 he purchased sheep and turned his attention to sheep ranching, in which he continued to engage for a number of years after taking up his home in Washington. He was one of the earliest and most successful sheep ranchers, owning large numbers of sheep on the range in Oregon and Idaho, as well as in Washington. In 1882 he bought about three sections of land, one-half of which was railroad land and sold at two dollars and sixty cents an acre, and he also took up a homestead claim, a timber claim and a preemption right, acquiring in all about five hundred acres from the government. Later as this region became more thickly settled he to a great extent gave up sheep raising and turned his attention to farming, in which he likewise met with a signal degree of success. He owns about three thousand acres of land, from which he derives a handsome income, but leaves the management of his affairs to others and is enjoying well deserved leisure. He resides in Walla Walla and is surrounded with all of the comforts of life.

MRS. NATHANIEL WEBB

NATHANIEL WEBB

Mr. Webb was married November 17, 1875, to Mrs. Eliza J. Smith, who was born in Hannibal, Missouri, December 28, 1843, a daughter of James and Almeda (Barney) Boggs, who in 1853 went to Oregon by ox team. The father took up a donation claim of three hundred and sixty acres near Dallas, in Polk county, and engaged in operating that place until 1860, when he removed to Roseburg. He, too, was chiefly engaged in the raising of sheep, which business many of the early settlers followed. Mrs. Webb was the eldest of a family of ten children, of whom only four now survive. In 1857 she was married to F. W. Smith, by whom she had four children, namely: J. Cy, who died, leaving a wife and six children, Orville, Jessie, Nate, Melvin, Helen and Mollie; George W., at home; Mary E., who became the wife of J. Valaer and died, leaving one son; and one who died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Webb have become the parents of three children: Nat, who is a graduate of Whitman College and is now farming; Paul, who is married and resides at Heppner, Oregon; and Kate, who died in infancy.

Mr. Webb is a stanch republican in politics and has supported the candidates of that party ever since it came into existence. His wife holds membership in the Methodist church and both can be counted upon to use their influence on the side of right and justice. For more than six decades Mr. Webb has been connected with the Pacific coast and for more than forty years has been a resident of Washington and has seen the open ranges where thousands of sheep fed give way to finely improved and highly cultivated wheat fields and has witnessed many other changes as the development of eastern Washington has progressed. He has thoroughly identified his interests with those of his county and state and has always placed the public welfare above his private interests.

HON. JAMES M. DEWAR.

One of the prominent figures in the early history of Walla Walla county was the Hon. James M. Dewar, stockman, farmer and member of the territorial legislature. He was born in Scotland, in the county of Perth, near the ancient castle of Doune, February 12, 1824. His father was a farmer and he grew up on the northern slope of the Grampian hills, becoming familiar with the scenes of Scottish legend. He received his education in his native country and remained at home until 1853, when he decided to try his fortune in America. For five years after his arrival in this country he traveled over the northern states and in 1858 he came to the Pacific coast country. While making his home at Champoeg, on the Willamette river, he met a relative, Archibald Mackinley, who was known to practically all the pioneers of the northwest as one of the most daring trappers in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company. Mr. Mackinley advised Mr. Dewar to settle in the Walla Walla valley, describing in detail its many advantages, but also pointing out the fact that there existed considerable danger from Indians. Taking everything into consideration, Mr. Dewar decided to act on the advice of the trapper and on the 4th of January, 1859, arrived within the limits of the present Walla Walla county. His first home was a log cabin on Cottonwood creek and, liking the surroundings, he bought it and the claim on which it was built, paying the owner fifty dollars for the whole. At first it was not his intention to make this his permanent home but rather to make it a base for his stock raising activities, as he saw in the fine grazing land of the Walla Walla valley a fine opportunity to raise stock for the Pacific market. However, the more he learned about this section the more confident he became that it offered opportunities which could not be surpassed elsewhere and accordingly when the country became settled and his range began to narrow he sold off his surplus stock and turned his attention to farming. His first purchase of land consisted of three hundred and twenty acres, to which he later added one hundred and seventy-four acres, and his well directed labors resulted in transforming the entire tract into a highly improved farm in a high state of cultivation. He fenced his holdings, erected good buildings, including a beautiful modern home which took the place of the pioneer log cabin, and he also planted an orchard, the oldest in the county with one exception.

On the 27th of January, 1864, Mr. Dewar was married in Walla Walla to Miss Margaret McRae, who survives. To them were born seven children, of whom three are living, Alexander, Alida and Gordon M. The others, John, James M., Elizabeth and David are deceased, the last two dying of diphtheria on the same day.

Mr. Dewar was a stanch advocate of republican principles and was recognized as a leader in party circles. In 1878 he was chosen as a member of the territorial legislature and while serving in that body was the author of the celebrated railway freight bill which bore his name. In 1882 he was again elected to the legislature and a third time was chosen to represent his district in 1888, but before that legislature convened the territory had become a state. He was also a delegate to the convention which nominated candidates for membership in the body to which the drafting of the state constitution was entrusted. To him a public office was a sacred trust and his course was dictated solely by considerations of the general welfare. Through the honest and capable discharge of his duties he won the right to rank among the builders of the state. The guiding principle of his life was his religious belief and the Presbyterian church found in him a loyal and active member. His widow is still identified with that denomination and likewise takes a hearty interest in its activities. The death of Mr. Dewar occurred March 27, 1892.

ELI BOLICK.

Eli Bolick is now practically living retired in Asotin but still has extensive investments in farm lands and mercantile interests. He was born in North Carolina in 1854 and there spent the period of his boyhood and youth, during which time he acquired a common school education. The period of his minority was passed in the home of his parents, Abner and Nancy Bolick, who were farming people of the Old North state. On his way westward Mr. Bolick stopped for one year in Missouri in order to earn money with which to continue the trip. He then came on to Washington, where he arrived in 1878, and settled on a homestead on the flat above Asotin. From time to time he added to his property until he now has eighteen hundred acres of rich and valuable land, which his sons are now cultivating. For many years, however, he personally gave his time and attention to his farm work and his life has ever been one of untiring energy and thrift. However, about two or three years ago he retired from the farm. While busily engaged in tilling the soil he made wheat his principal crop. It was in the latter '90s when the people began to realize that their land was valuable and it has since steadily advanced in price until it is now selling on an average of from fifty to sixty dollars per acre. In addition to his farming interests Mr. Bolick has a large hardware and implement store in Asotin which is supervised by Robert Anderson, who is half owner of the business. This is the only store of the kind in the town and the trade has steadily grown.

ELI BOLICK

In 1886 Mr. Bolick was united in marriage to Miss Elvinia Forgey, who was born in the Willamette valley, Oregon, and was a daughter of Elias and Calistine Forgey, pioneers of that section. In 1882, however, her parents removed to Asotin county, Washington, and took up a homestead, where Mr. Forgey engaged in the raising of grain and stock. Mrs. Bolick passed away July 7, 1916. By her marriage she had become the mother of nine children: Maude, who died at the age of seventeen years; Wallace and Alice, twins, the former a large rancher of Alberta, Canada, while the latter is the wife of Ray Adams, of Cheney, Washington; Mollie, the wife of B. Hughes of the Willamette valley; Grace and Nettie, who are engaged in teaching; Dell, who married Ruby Sargent and is upon his father's farm; and Russell and Fern, both at home.

In politics Mr. Bolick has always been a republican but not an active party worker. He served for six years as county commissioner although he was never ambitious to hold office. He has ever been a friend of education and the public schools have found in him a stalwart champion. He stands for progress and advancement along many lines and in his own business career has illustrated the force of unfaltering industry and close application guided by sound judgment.

HON. GEORGE C. GINN.

Hon. George C. Ginn, of Walla Walla, is prominent both in agricultural circles of this section and in public affairs, having served as a member of the state legislature. He was born in Umatilla county, Oregon, November 27, 1875, a son of Richard and Catherine (Kinnear) Ginn, the former a native of Scotland, whence he emigrated to Canada in 1840. He was married there and in 1860 removed with his family to Minnesota, where he resided for a decade. He then came to the Pacific northwest and settled on a farm in Umatilla county, to the operation of which he gave his entire time and attention until 1898, when he retired and removed to Walla Walla. Here he passed away in 1899 and his wife died five years later.

Hon. George C. Ginn, who is one of six living children of a family of ten, received his education in the common schools and in the State Normal School in Oregon. During his boyhood and youth he also received thorough training in agricultural work which proved very valuable when he began farming on his own account. On beginning his independent career he purchased land in Umatilla county and still owns five hundred acres there, the operation of which he supervises, although he makes his home in Walla Walla. In the management of his farming interests he has displayed sound judgment, a progressive spirit and excellent business ability and is one of the substantial residents of Walla Walla. He is also a stockholder and a director in the Third National Bank of this city.

In 1903 occurred the marriage of Mr. Ginn and Miss Rowena Evans. Following her death in 1910 he was married in 1912 to Miss Linnie P. Riggs, a native of Oregon. Mr. Ginn is prominent in the councils of the republican party, which he has supported since becoming of age, and in 1914 he was elected a member of the state legislature. His thorough grasp of public questions, his ability to differentiate between the essential and the non-essential and his consistent regard for the public welfare soon attracted favorable notice in that body and his work as a legislator reflected credit upon himself and upon the district which he represented. Fraternally he belongs to Lodge No. 121, I. O. O. F., to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, in which he has held a number of offices, and to the Woodmen of the World. He is in hearty sympathy with the work of the Commercial Club, of which he is an active member, and every project calculated to promote the interests of Walla Walla depends upon and receives his moral and material support. He possesses the physical and mental vigor that enables him to accomplish much with seeming ease and although his has been a busy life he has always been characterized by a hearty good nature that has endeared him to his many friends. Both he and his wife belong to the Presbyterian church and his generous spirit has found expression in a liberal support of its various activities.

FRED L. MILLER.

Among the native sons of Washington who have elected to continue residents of the state is Fred L. Miller, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Garfield county. He was born on the site of Dayton, Columbia county, February 12, 1866, and is a son of George W. and Sarah E. (Ping) Miller, an account of whose lives appears in the sketch of Judge Chester F. Miller, elsewhere in this work.

Fred L. Miller grew to manhood in his native county and as a boy attended the Dayton public schools and continued his studies in the high school, from which he was graduated in 1888. On beginning his independent career he took up his residence upon the farm where he still resides, which is located on the Snake river. He divides his time between grain farming and breeding cattle for the market. He owns forty-two hundred acres and in addition to this operates six hundred acres of state land under lease. He is recognized as an authority upon the different problems relative to the production of grain and on the various phases of cattle raising and each branch of his business returns to him a good profit. He specializes in registered white faced Hereford cattle and feeds from three hundred to four hundred each winter.

On the 16th of October, 1888, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Laura A. McMorris, a daughter of J. E. McMorris, who in 1879 removed to Columbia county, Washington, from California. Ten children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Miller, namely: George E., at home; F. Albert, who is in the United States Army; Harry B. and Nell B., at home; Jessie R., the wife of Jack Phillips, of Garfield county; and Otis D., Sarah E., Merritt and Merrell, twins, and John, all at home.

Mr. Miller is a republican and his advice is often sought in local party councils. In November, 1908, he was elected to the board of county commissioners for the short term and in 1910 was elected to the office for the long term, serving in all for six years as a member of the board, and in that connection he did valuable work for the county, giving the same careful attention to the management of its affairs that he gives to the direction of his private interests. He is identified with the Woodmen of the World and has many friends within and without that organization. Among his salient characteristics are the ability to discriminate between the essential and the non-essential, resourcefulness in adapting himself to new conditions and sound judgment and these qualities have proved as valuable in his work as a farmer as in any other field of activity.

JOHN R. LYONS.

That John R. Lyons possesses good business ability is evident from the fact that he is successfully operating a fine ranch of nine hundred acres devoted to the raising of wheat and of stock. He was born in Ireland, April 28, 1867, and is a son of Patrick and Frances Lyons, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Our subject was brought to Walla Walla county, Washington, in childhood and here received a good common school education. He remained under the parental roof until he attained his majority, during which time he aided his father in farming, and then began cultivating land on his own account. He took up his residence upon the ranch which he now owns and which comprises nine hundred acres of fertile land in Walla Walla township. The place is well improved and his work is facilitated by the most modern and up-to-date equipment. He raises stock extensively and also grows a large quantity of wheat annually. He is energetic and progressive and the success which he has gained is the direct result of his good management and industry.

Mr. Lyons was married in 1903 to Miss Frances O'Brien, who was born in Nebraska and is a daughter of George and Katherine O'Brien, both now deceased. Mrs. Lyons has also passed away, her death occurring March 8, 1906. She was buried in the Catholic cemetery in Walla Walla. Her two daughters, Mary L. and Anna M., are both now students in St. Vincent's Academy.

Mr. Lyons gives his political support to the democratic party but has never had time to take an active part in public affairs. His fraternal relations are with the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, in both of which organizations he is popular. He has not only gained financial independence but he has also contributed in considerable measure to the development of Walla Walla county along the lines of scientific agriculture and stock raising and is recognized as a prominent citizen.

FRANK McCOWN.

Frank McCown, who is living retired after many years devoted to agricultural pursuits, was born in Clakamas county, Oregon, November 15, 1855, a son of William and Sarah (Best) McCown, both natives of West Virginia. In 1846 they removed to Kansas and six years later crossed the great plains by ox team to Oregon. The father took up a donation claim of four hundred and eighty acres in Clakamas county and erected a large cabin, which remained the family home for a number of years. In 1878 removal was made to Walla Walla county, Washington, and later the father purchased land which he operated until his death. To him and his wife were born seven children, but only two are living, the brother of our subject being J. L., now a resident of Portland, Oregon.

Frank McCown was reared and educated in Oregon, and during his boyhood and youth received valuable training in farm work. When he was twenty-three years old he came to Washington, and has since resided in Walla Walla county. He devoted his active life to farming and from time to time added to his holdings until he now owns fifteen hundred acres of land which he leases, having retired in 1902. He maintains his home in Waitsburg but spends his winters in California. The success which he has gained has proved that he is quick to recognize and take advantage of business opportunities, and in the development of his farm he was always willing to profit by the work of investigators along agricultural lines.

Mr. McCown was married in 1881 to Miss Laura Walker, and they have become the parents of five children, namely: Emory D.; Malcolm W.; Annie N., the wife of Walter Minnick; Hazel B.; and Frank Jr.

Mr. McCown supports the democratic party at the polls but has not taken an active part in public affairs although he has taken the interest of a good citizen in matters of government. He belongs to Lodge No. 5, I. O. O. F., in which he has filled all of the chairs. The standards by which he has governed his life are further indicated in his membership in the Christian church, to which his wife also belongs. His friends are numerous and his qualities are such that all who come in contact with him hold him in high esteem.

JOE MARTIN.

Among the men who have aided in the development of Walla Walla county as a leading wheat producing section is Joe Martin, who is engaged in wheat raising on an extensive scale on section 36, township 8 north, range 35 east. He was born in County Roscommon, Ireland, April 26, 1869, a son of John and Bridget (Feely) Martin, who passed their entire lives in that country.

Joe Martin was reared at home and received his education in the common schools of Ireland. About the time he became of age he emigrated to America and took up his residence in Fremont, Iowa, where he spent six or seven years. At the end of that time he decided to identify his interests with those of the Pacific northwest and came to Walla Walla county, Washington. After working as a farm hand for several years he was able to rent his present farm, which he has since purchased. He owns nine hundred acres and specializes in wheat raising. His practical knowledge of the methods best adapted to conditions in this locality, combined with his energy and good judgment, has enabled him to gain financial independence. His farm is excellently improved and is equipped with the most up-to-date machinery.

JOE MARTIN

MRS. JOE MARTIN

At Walla Walla, January 27, 1903, Mr. Martin was united in marriage to Miss Mary Martin, who although of the same name is not a relative. An account of the life of her father, John Martin, appears elsewhere in this work. Eight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Martin: Alicia S., Michael, James F., Mary T., Catherine B., Esther R., Helen M., and Rose Anna.

The parents hold membership in the Catholic church of Walla Walla and give their influence and support to movements whose object is the promotion of the moral welfare of the community. Mr. Martin supports the democratic party at the polls and is now serving efficiently as clerk of the school board. He has not been otherwise active in public affairs, the management of his farming interests leaving him little time for other activities. The success which he has gained is due to his own efforts and he is fully entitled to the credit given a self-made man.

JAMES C. ROBERTS.

James C. Roberts, a well known and prosperous farmer residing on section 4, township 7 north, range 35 east, was born in Lee county, Virginia, July 17, 1866, a son of Robert and Mary Roberts, also natives of that state, where the mother is still living.

There James C. Roberts was reared and received his education, but when twenty-one years of age he crossed the continent, locating in Walla Walla county, Washington. For some time he was employed as a farm hand but in 1888 he took up a homestead on Dry creek and remained there until 1905, when he purchased his present farm, which comprises one hundred and sixty acres and is improved with excellent buildings. The place is all fine alfalfa land, valued at three hundred dollars per acre, and it produces such excellent crops that it yields a good profit on the capital invested.

Mr. Roberts was married in 1889 to Mrs. Martha Kelley, also a native of Virginia. In 1886 she came west and has since resided in this part of the country. By her first union she had five children, all of whom survive, and by her marriage to Mr. Roberts she has become the mother of twins: Elnora, deceased; and James Austin.

Mr. Roberts is a republican and for three terms served on the school board, during which time he did effective work for the local schools. His wife is a member of the Congregational church. Both are well known in the county and the prosperity which they have gained is the result of their own industry and good management.

W. L. TAYLOR.

W. L. Taylor, a successful farmer of Garfield county, Washington, residing on section 19, township 13 north, range 43 east, was born in Adams county, Illinois, in 1840, a son of Adam and Barbara (Grimes) Taylor, both natives of Kentucky, who removed to Illinois at an early day and there passed away upon the homestead. Five of their seven children are still living.

W. L. Taylor was reared in his native state and is indebted to its public schools for his education. He remained there for a number of years after attaining his majority but in 1878 removed to Walla Walla county and settled on land on section 19, township 13 north, range 43 east, where he has ever since resided. He has added to his original homestead and now owns three hundred and twenty-five acres of as fine wheat land as can be found in Washington. He has never regretted his choice of farming as an occupation, for he has found the work congenial and has gained a competence. He supervises the operation of the place but leaves the greater part of the actual work of its cultivation to others.

In 1866 Mr. Taylor was married to Miss Lucretia Vannest, who was born in Illinois, and to them were born three children: Willard; Edward, who is farming the home place; and James, now a resident of Idaho. The wife and mother passed away in 1915 and was buried in the May View cemetery.

Mr. Taylor supports the democratic party at the polls but he has never held office, with the exception of serving on the school board. He belongs to the Grange and to the Farmers' Union and believes that much can be accomplished for the advancement of country life through cooperation on the part of the farmers. He is an honored pioneer of the county and his accounts of early day conditions are of great interest to the younger generation.

GODFRED HANSON.

Godfred Hanson, who has been actively and successfully identified with the farming interests of Walla Walla county for the past three decades, is the owner of sixty-one acres of productive land on section 1, Ritz township. His birth occurred in Denmark on the 17th of March, 1856, his parents being Hans and Cecil (Rasmussen) Hanson, who were also natives of that country. In the '70s they crossed the Atlantic to the United States and here spent the remainder of their lives. They became the parents of nine children, but only two are now living, the surviving brother of our subject being Fred, who makes his home in Wisconsin.

Godfred Hanson was reared and educated in the land of his nativity, there spending the first seventeen years of his life. In 1873, attracted by the greater opportunities of the new world, he emigrated to the United States and took up his abode in Wisconsin, where he remained for fourteen years. On the expiration of that period, in 1887, he made his way westward to Washington, settling in Walla Walla county and purchasing a farm of sixty-one acres in Ritz township which he has operated continuously to the present time, covering a period of three decades. He erected substantial and commodious buildings on the property and now has a well improved farm on which he makes a specialty of the raising of alfalfa. His undertakings as an agriculturist have been attended with well merited success, so that he has long been numbered among the prosperous and representative citizens of his community.

In 1888 Mr. Hanson was united in marriage to Miss Anna Jensen, a native of Denmark, by whom he had four children, namely: Cecelia, Howard and Mildred, all at home; and Fred, who is deceased.

In politics Mr. Hanson is a stalwart democrat and at present he is ably serving as school director and clerk. He was reared in the Lutheran faith and still adheres to the teachings of that church. He is indeed a self-made man and deserves all the praise that term implies, for the success which he now enjoys is attributable entirely to his industry, energy and perseverance.

WILLIAM E. BRUCE.

William E. Bruce, who is devoting his time to farming on section 25, township 9 north, range 37 east, is a native son of Washington as his birth occurred in Columbia county, September 18, 1880. His father was James W. Bruce, and his mother, who bore the maiden name of Addie Harmon, was a native of Oregon, but in 1857 came to Walla Walla county. James W. Bruce engaged in farming in this county for many years and met with gratifying success in that connection.

William E. Bruce, who is one of a family of four children, all of whom survive, was reared in Walla Walla county and began his education in the public schools, continuing his studies in Pullman College. He remained at home, giving his father the benefit of his labor until he attained his majority, when he began operating three hundred and twenty acres of wheat land and three hundred and seventy acres of pasture land. He is still farming those tracts and derives a gratifying income from both his wheat raising and his stock raising.

In 1914 Mr. Bruce was married to Miss Clarabel Weatherford, of Dayton, a daughter of Hon. F. M. Weatherford, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Mr. Bruce has never been active in public or political affairs. He holds membership in the Methodist Episcopal church and fraternally is identified with Lodge No. 16, A. F. & A. M., at Waitsburg and with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Waitsburg. These connections indicate the high standards which have governed his life and have gained him the respect of all who know him. As a farmer he is progressive and businesslike, as a citizen he manifests a commendable public spirit and in the private relations of life he is scrupulous in his recognition of the rights of others.

JOHN E. WEBB.

Having gained financial independence John E. Webb is now living retired in Walla Walla, save for the supervision which he gives to his extensive landed interests. He was born in Illinois, August 13, 1870, and was reared in that state. He received a public school education and was also trained to agricultural pursuits during his boyhood and youth. In early manhood he went to Nebraska, whence, several years later, he came to Walla Walla county, Washington. He readily adapted himself to the crude conditions here, and as the years passed he purchased additional land and now owns about nine thousand acres. His property affords him double pleasure in that it is the direct result of his own business insight, resourcefulness and enterprise. He is one of the largest land holders in the county and he has always been among the first to adopt new methods or improved equipment.

In 1906 Mr. Webb was united in marriage to Mrs. Annie Pickard, the widow of Charles F. Pickard. By her first marriage she had six children, namely: Clara, who married O. L. Compton; Thetford; Anita; Russell; Olive, the wife of C. W. Cornelius; and Beatrice. To Mr. and Mrs. Webb has been born a son, Harry E.

Mr. and Mrs. Webb spend their winters in California and all the comforts of life are theirs. Mr. Webb has never been ambitious to hold public office, preferring to concentrate his attention upon his individual interests. However, in developing his large farm holdings, he has played an important part in the upbuilding of Walla Walla county along agricultural lines. He has a number of fraternal connections, belonging to the Masonic lodge, the Knights of Pythias lodge and the Elks. Few men are more widely known or more highly esteemed in Walla Walla county than he, and it is largely recognized that his integrity, as well as his ability, is above question.

JOHN CHANDLER.

John Chandler, for many years a resident of Whitman county, where he still owns twenty-five hundred acres of fine land, is now living retired in Walla Walla, enjoying well deserved leisure. His birth occurred in Gloucestershire, England, January 14, 1854, and he is a son of Joseph and Eliza (Surman) Chandler, also natives of that country, where the father passed away. In 1882 the mother and her family of eight children came to America and proceeded at once to Washington, as at that time our subject's uncle, William Yend, was living six miles north of Walla Walla. Mrs. Chandler continued to make her home with her children in that region until her death, which occurred in 1904. Of the eight children five still survive.

John Chandler received his education in his native land and there grew to manhood. In 1882 he accompanied the family on their emigration to the United States and on reaching Washington took up a homestead in Whitman county. As soon as possible he placed his land under cultivation and was so successful in his farming operations that from time to time he was able to purchase more land until he now owns twenty-five hundred acres. For a few years after locating here he engaged in the cattle business to quite an extent but since then has given his attention principally to the raising of wheat. His holdings consist of some of the finest wheat land in the county and he now derives a good income from the rental of his property. In 1909 he retired from active labor and removed to Walla Walla, where he erected a fine residence on Roosevelt street, and here he has gained a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens.

Mr. Chandler was married in 1901 to Miss Ada Fowler, also a native of England, and they have five children, namely: John F. and Ruth, both of whom are high school students; Dorothy; Theodore W.; and Elizabeth.

JOHN CHANDLER

Mr. Chandler has supported the republican party since acquiring the right of franchise and for a considerable period served on the school board in Whitman county. Both he and his wife are communicants of the Protestant Episcopal church and its work receives their hearty support. Their residence is one of the attractive homes of Walla Walla and it is known for its cordial hospitality.

JOSEPH W. TONER.

Joseph W. Toner, who is successfully farming in Walla Walla county, was born in Vermont, April 22, 1875, a son of Daniel and Bridget (Ferrell) Toner. The father was born in Vermont and the mother was a native of Ireland, but they were married in the Green Mountain state, where they resided until called by death. To them were born seven children, of whom five survive.

Joseph W. Toner was reared at home and as a boy and youth attended the public schools. In 1892, when seventeen years, he came to Walla Walla, Washington, and for some years engaged in dairying. He now, however, gives his attention to general farming. He owns thirty-seven and a half acres of finely improved land within the city limits of Walla Walla and has refused nine hundred dollars an acre for the place.

Mr. Toner was married in 1895 to Miss Permelia C. Hammond, a native of Walla Walla and a daughter of William R. and Permelia Hammond. To this marriage have been born seven children: Helen, the wife of Milton Carter; Mildred, Edward and Mary, all high school students; Daniel, Jeanie and Ferrell.

The family attend the Presbyterian church and contribute to its support. Mr. Toner holds membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of Walla Walla and is popular in that organization. In political belief he is a democrat and he is now capably serving as a member of the school board.

JOHN A. BAILEY.

For thirty years John A. Bailey has resided upon the Pacific coast and since 1898 has made his home in Walla Walla, where he is now actively engaged in business as the president of the Lumber & Fuel Company. He was born in Colchester county, Nova Scotia, January 10, 1862, a son of Alexander and Jane (Ferguson) Bailey, both of whom were natives of that country, where the father passed away, while the mother is still living there. They had a family of four children, all of whom are still residents of Canada with the exception of John A.

The last named was reared and educated in his native country, pursuing a public school course, and in 1883, having attained his majority, he left home and crossed the border into the United States, taking up his abode in Boston, Massachusetts, where he remained for a brief period. The west attracted him, however, for he believed that its opportunities were limitless and in 1887 he crossed the country to California. There he remained for about two and one-half years, after which he went to Portland, Oregon, and there resided until his removal to Grays Harbor. He came to Walla Walla, Washington, about 1898, and here took up the business of contracting and building, which he followed successfully until 1916. He then became connected with the Lumber & Fuel Company, of which he is now the head, and in this connection he is conducting a business of extensive and gratifying proportions.

In Los Angeles, California, in 1887, Mr. Bailey was united in marriage to Miss Christina M. Bailey, who, though of the same name, was not a relative. She, too, was born in Canada, where her mother, one sister and two brothers still reside, and by her marriage has become the mother of a daughter, Edith M., who is now the wife of Clarence G. Ludwigs. She is a graduate of the high school of Walla Walla and also of the Washington State University. Mrs. Bailey and her daughter hold membership in the Presbyterian church and are prominent in the social circles of the city. Mr. Bailey is identified with the Masonic fraternity and has taken all of the degrees of the York and Scottish rites and has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He likewise belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. His political endorsement is given to the republican party, which he has supported since becoming a naturalized American citizen. Opportunity has ever been to him the call to action and in his business career he has so wisely utilized his opportunities that success in substantial measure has come to him. With him every day must mark off a full-faithed attempt to know more and to grow more. He early recognized that where there is no advancement there has been no effort, and putting forth earnest and persistent effort, he has passed many others who perhaps started out ahead of him on life's journey. He is stable in purpose, quick in perception, swift in decision, energetic and persistent in action; and thus he has made for himself a most creditable position on the stage of business activity in Walla Walla.

J. H. COYLE.

The business upbuilding of a city is attributable not to one individual but to the combined efforts of many. However, there are some who occupy positions of leadership in their respective lines—men well trained in a given field and whose intelligently directed efforts produce substantial results that work not only for their own benefit but constitute a most important force in general business progress and prosperity. Such a man is J. H. Coyle, the president and manager of the Walla Walla Mill Company, and thus prominently identified with the milling interests of Walla Walla. He was born in Crawford county, Wisconsin, December 5, 1859, a son of J. B. and S. A. (Lemons) Coyle. The father was a native of Ohio, while the mother was born in Wisconsin, and they became the parents of four children, two of whom are now living.

J. H. COYLE

J. H. Coyle of this review spent the days of his boyhood and youth in the state of his nativity and is indebted to its public school system for the educational opportunities which he enjoyed. He early began learning the miller's trade, which he followed in Minnesota, leaving his native state when eighteen years of age. He continued a resident of Minnesota until 1897, when he came to Walla Walla county, Washington, and purchased what was known as the old McKennan mill. Since that time he has been identified with the milling interests of Walla Walla and is today at the head of an important enterprise of this character. After some years he admitted his son, J. D. Coyle, to a partnership in the business, which has been incorporated with J. H. Coyle as the president and manager and J. D. Coyle as the secretary. Their mill has a capacity of seventy barrels. The plant is splendidly equipped with the latest improved machinery and the most modern processes of flour manufacturing are utilized, so that the output is of excellent quality, insuring a ready sale on the market.

In Minnesota, in 1887, Mr. Coyle was united in marriage to Miss Emma Buehler, a native of Wisconsin, and they have become the parents of eight children: John D., who is associated with his father in business; Velma, the wife of A. W. Hancock; W. F.; Vida; Clarence, who has passed away; Victor; Emma; and Erma. The parents attend the Methodist Episcopal church.

In his political views Mr. Coyle is a republican and has served on the school board for a number of years but has never sought strictly political office. Fraternally he is connected with the Masons and the Odd Fellows and exemplifies in his life the beneficent spirit of these organizations. His has been an active and useful life fraught with good results. His business affairs have been successfully and wisely managed and he is now the owner of six acres of land, upon which is a fine property. His milling business has become one of the important productive industries of Walla Walla and his colleagues and contemporaries in business circles speak of him in terms of high regard, not only by reason of the success which he has achieved but also owing to the straightforward business policy which he has ever followed.

EMERSON E. WOODS.

Emerson E. Woods, who resides on the old Woods homestead on section 9, township 9 north, range 37 east, is one of the alert and enterprising young farmers who have chosen agriculture as a life work because of their recognition of its many possibilities. He was born in the township in which he still resides on the 12th of February, 1893, and is a son of Joel and Viola M. (Hull) Woods, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. He received a good education in the Waitsburg public schools and also received thorough training in farm work under the guidance of his father. When he was twenty-two years old he began his independent career, renting six hundred and sixty acres of land, which he has since operated. In December, 1916, he also took charge of the Woods homestead of five hundred and fifty acres on which he now resides, and although he has only reached the middle twenties he has proved his capability as an executive, ably managing the operation of the twelve hundred and ten acres. It is needless to say that he utilizes the most improved methods and the latest implements in his work, and that he gives careful study to the markets.

On the 22d of December, 1915, Mr. Woods was married to Miss Estella H. Hazelton, of Waitsburg, a daughter of Thomas and Leona (Parker) Hazelton, pioneer settlers of Walla Walla county, both now deceased. Mr. Woods votes the republican ticket but has not otherwise been active in public affairs, preferring to concentrate his energies upon his farming interests. He belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and his religious faith is that of the Christian church. He is a typical western man, self reliant, enterprising and confident of the future, and he has thoroughly identified his interests with those of his county and state.

BYRD COYLE.

Byrd Coyle, a well known dairyman and substantial farmer of Walla Walla county, was born in Lebanon, Oregon, February 7, 1860, and is a representative of a very old and prominent family of that state. His father, James B. Coyle, was born in Peoria, Illinois, March 4, 1832, and throughout life followed farming. In 1852 he crossed the plains with ox teams and located in Oregon, where he made his home until coming to Walla Walla county, Washington, in 1866. Here he homesteaded one hundred and sixty acres of land, to which the family have since added from time to time until now the home place comprises five hundred and sixty acres. The father died on the 29th of April, 1901, but the mother of our subject is still living and continues to reside on the home farm. She bore the maiden name of Jane Summers and was born in Iowa, August 23, 1841. She was only five years of age when she crossed the plains with her parents in 1846, her father being captain of a large company traveling with ox teams. They reached the Whitman Mission in Oregon so late in the fall that they resolved to spend the winter of 1846-7 at that place and there Mrs. Coyle attended the school conducted by Dr. Whitman, who was killed in the Whitman massacre the following fall. In the spring of 1847 Captain Summers proceeded with his family to Lebanon, Oregon, where Mrs. Coyle grew to womanhood and was married. She is today one of the oldest settlers of the Pacific northwest and is thoroughly familiar with the entire development of this region.

Byrd Coyle is one of a family of ten children, nine of whom are still living. Two sons are now residents of Canada and a daughter lives in Kennewick, Washington, but the remainder are all living in Walla Walla county. Here Byrd Coyle attended the district schools and his early education was supplemented by a course at Whitman College and later at the Oregon State University, where he was a student for two years. After putting aside his textbooks he engaged in railroad work for several years and then spent three years and a half in Alaska, but in November, 1900, he returned to Walla Walla county. His father died soon afterward and he and his brother Charles have since had charge of the home farm, which they have operated with most gratifying success. In connection with general farming they give considerable attention to the dairy business, having a creamery upon his place and selling both milk and butter, and they furnish employment to from twenty-five to forty men.

On the 27th of June, 1916, Byrd Coyle was united in marriage to Miss Lenora Stewart, a native of Virginia and a daughter of Moore Stewart. They are earnest and consistent members of the Congregational church, and Mr. Coyle is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In politics he is a democrat and takes a deep and commendable interest in public affairs.

H. D. CONOVER.

H. D. Conover, who is farming extensively in Columbia county, Washington, is now financially independent, although he began his career empty-handed. He is a western man by birth as well as preference, as he was born in Linn county, Oregon, March 28, 1859, a son of W. S. and Margaret (Crawford) Conover, both of whom were born in Indiana. In 1852 both came to Oregon as members of a train of emigrants journeying by ox team. They were married in Oregon and remained residents of that state until called by death. To them were born two sons, the brother of our subject being O. M. Conover, of Waitsburg.

H. D. Conover attended the district schools in his early boyhood, but in 1872, when but thirteen years, came to Washington and found work on a stock farm. He was so employed until he was thirty-five years old, since which time he has followed agricultural pursuits independently. He now operates fourteen hundred acres of land, growing large crops of grain annually and also raising some stock. His long experience and his keen powers of observation have taught him the most effective methods of carrying on his work and he manages the business phase of farming excellently and as a result receives a good return on the capital invested in his holdings.

Mr. Conover was married on the 6th of December, 1885, to Miss Rachel McKinney, a native of Washington county, Oregon, and they have three children: Lettie A., the widow of J. W. Roberts; Henry M., a prosperous farmer; and Louise, the wife of F. P. Kinder, of Waitsburg, Washington.

Mr. Conover belongs to Knights of Pythias Lodge, No. 70, to Occidental Lodge, No. 11, A. O. U. W., and to the Woodmen of the World. His political belief is that of the republican party and its candidates receive his support at the polls. He is respected wherever known for his strength of character, his enterprise and his unquestioned integrity, and his personal friends are many.

WILLIAM M. WEATHERFORD.

William M. Weatherford, president of the Weatherford-Wallace Company, of Dayton, conducting a loan, real estate, insurance and abstract business, was born in Columbia county, the 4th of October, 1879, a son of Francis M. and Harriett A. Weatherford, who were pioneer residents of Oregon and Washington, having crossed the plains with ox teams at a period when that was practically the only method of travel between the east and the west. The father is now the owner of an extensive farm in Columbia county and is one of the leading citizens of the district. He has served as a representative of the county in the state legislature and has otherwise been prominently connected with public affairs.

In the public schools of his native county William M. Weatherford pursued his early education and afterward became a student in the Portland Business College of Portland, Oregon, from which in due course of time he was graduated. He was reared to the occupation of farming and after his textbooks were put aside devoted his attention for a time to general agricultural pursuits, but thinking to find other business activities more congenial and perhaps more profitable, he concentrated his efforts upon the banking business for a period. Later he became identified with the insurance, mortgage loan and real estate business and his efforts have since been directed along those lines. At the present time he is at the head of the Weatherford-Wallace Company, of Dayton, as its president and is thus conducting a profitable loan, real estate, insurance and abstract business.

On the 2d of June, 1906, Mr. Weatherford was united in marriage in Walla Walla, Washington, to Miss Roselle M. Carpenter, a daughter of G. W. and Mary A. Carpenter, the former a druggist of Waitsburg, Washington. Mrs. Weatherford was born in Olympia, Washington, and acquired her education in the public schools of this state and in the Washington State College at Pullman. Her mother is one of the descendants of John Quincy Adams. To Mr. and Mrs. Weatherford has been born a daughter, Marybelle. Mr. Weatherford supports the Congregational church and he gives his political allegiance to the democratic party. He has membership with the Knights of Pythias and with the Masons and in his life exemplifies the beneficent spirit upon which these organizations are founded. He is likewise connected with the Dayton Commercial Club and he stands for progress and improvement, advocating all those interests which have to do with the welfare and upbuilding of the city in which he makes his home. He has always lived in Washington and the spirit of western enterprise has found expression in his life. There has been nothing spectacular in his career but his course has been marked by that steady advancement which follows persistent and earnest effort, and his substantial traits of character have won for him the kindly regard and goodwill of his associates in both business and social life.

MARTIN CAMPBELL.

No history can surpass in picturesque detail the life record of Martin Campbell, who as prospector and miner is familiar with the development of the Fraser river country and who as farmer and miller has been closely associated with the progress and upbuilding of Walla Walla county. He is now living retired, enjoying a rest which he has truly earned and richly deserves. He has passed the eighty-fourth milestone on life's journey, his birth having occurred in Flemington, New Jersey, February 13, 1833, his parents being Daniel and Charlotte Campbell, who were also natives of New Jersey, the town of Campbellsville in that state being named after the paternal grandfather, Martin Campbell. His father was miller by trade and for several years operated a mill on the Riarton river. Both he and his wife spent their entire lives in New Jersey.

MARTIN CAMPBELL

MRS. MARTIN CAMPBELL

Martin Campbell was reared under the parental roof and pursued his education in one of the old-time subscription schools of that early period. When but seventeen years of age he went to sea and on the vessel on which he shipped was the captain's wife and little daughter. Shortly after they sailed away the little girl fell overboard and Mr. Campbell jumped in and rescued her. He was then taken out of the forecastle and given a berth in the cabin, while the captain's wife made it her duty and pleasure to look after his education and to her he owes much of his early intellectual development. In 1856, after sailing round Cape Horn, he landed at San Francisco and made his way up through the Puget Sound country. He began work in the mills of the Fort Gamble Lumber Company and in 1858 was attacked by the mining fever, which it is said some time or other gets everyone who resides in the vicinity of a developing mining district. Accordingly he went to Victoria, British Columbia, where he fell in with some of the clerks of the Hudson's Bay Company and through them he learned of the gold dust that was being brought down from the Fraser river. The Indians had scratched the gold out with sticks and brought it to the Hudson's Bay Company. Although forbidden by Governor Douglas of British Columbia, Mr. Campbell raised a company and began prospecting for gold up the river, returning that fall. In the spring of 1860 he made an overland trip to the Similikameen country in British Columbia and while crossing the mountains lived on rice and sugar. There is scarcely an experience which comes to the prospector and the miner with which he is not familiar. He met all of the hardships and privations incident to such a life and, like many another, he did not gain the fortune for which he was striving in that way, although in later years he made for himself a most substantial place in business circles. In the fall of 1860 he crossed the border into Washington and spent the winter at Fort Colville. In the following spring he engaged in prospecting on the Pend Oreille river and later engaged in prospecting and mining on the Columbia river, thus spending his time until 1863.

In that year Mr. Campbell came to Walla Walla county and through the following two years was variously employed. In 1865 he turned his attention to farming, making a specialty of the raising of wheat, which he hauled to Wallula, selling it for from thirty-five to fifty-five cents per bushel. He was afterward a member of the firm of Coyle & Campbell, millers, and for several years, engaged successfully in the milling business in Walla Walla. In recent years he has disposed of his farm holdings but still owns various city properties, from which he derives a very gratifying annual income. His investments have been judiciously made and his sound judgment is manifest therein.

In 1869 Mr. Campbell was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Ernest, who came to Walla Walla county from Iowa in 1862. They are well known as a most honored pioneer couple of the northwest. The experiences which have fallen to the lot of Mr. Campbell would rival any tale of fiction and he can speak with authority concerning the phases of development and progress in this entire section of the country. He came here when the red man largely held dominion over the northwest, regarding its great forests as his hunting ground and its streams as his especial place for fishing. But the country, rich in its natural resources, beckoned the progressive man of the east—the man who is not afraid to face danger, hardships and privations in order to aid in reclaiming this great region for the purposes of civilization. To this class belongs Mr. Campbell and the work which he has done in the development and upbuilding of the west entitles him to more than passing notice. He has left his impress upon the work of progress and improvement and his reminiscences concerning the early history of the country are most interesting.

JOHN D. JONES.

John D. Jones is an important factor in the industrial circles of southeastern Washington as he is president of the Self-Oiling Wheel & Bearing Company of Walla Walla, many of whose products are manufactured under patents which he has taken out. He was born in Wales, November 15, 1863, a son of Richard N. and Ellen Jones, who in 1881 emigrated to Canada. For a year they resided in Montreal and then removed to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where they have since made their home.

John D. Jones was educated in the public schools of his native country and in the night schools of Minneapolis. When he accompanied his parents to the United States at the age of nineteen years he entered the shops of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. When fifteen years old he had apprenticed himself to the machinist's trade in Wales and during his residence in Montreal he worked in the shops of the Grand Trunk Railway. While there he assisted in putting the first air pump on an engine on the Grand Trunk system. For several years he was connected with the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul and the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie railways and was the first machinist to be employed by the latter road in Minneapolis. In the fall of 1888 he came to the Pacific northwest, entering the shops of the Oregon-Washington Railway & Navigation Company at The Dalles, and later he worked at various points along their system. On severing his connection with that road he engaged in the butchering and restaurant business in La Grande, Oregon, after which he went as far east as Marshalltown, Iowa, where he was employed by the Iowa Central Railway. However, after his life in the west he found the east too restricted and unenterprising and again came west. He entered the shops of the Oregon-Washington Railway & Navigation Company at Portland and was later transferred to the Umatilla shops. In 1895 he left there and came to Walla Walla, where he entered the employ of Gilbert Hunt. Subsequently he was appointed master mechanic of the Washington & Columbia River Railroad under Joseph McCabe and about that time was also appointed chief engineer of the state penitentiary by Governor Meade, which appointment, however, he refused to accept. He became superintendent of the Mill Creek Railway and held that position during the time that its track was changed from narrow gauge to standard gauge. In addition to his other railroad experience he has at times served as an engineer and ran one of the first narrow gauge engines that entered Walla Walla, it running on the old Dr. Baker railway.

HOME OF MARTIN CAMPBELL

In 1905 Mr. Jones went into business for himself, opening a machine shop on South Second street, Walla Walla. He built up a large business and also took out a number of patents and in 1914 he organized the Self-Oiling Wheel & Bearing Company, which manufactures goods under his patents. Up to the present time he holds about twenty-eight patents on automobile parts and harvesting machinery. The plant of the company is one of the best equipped in Washington and the employes are skilled mechanics. The goods manufactured include farm machinery of all kinds, gas engine pistons and ring stocks, self-oiling devices for pulleys, hay blocks and warehouse truck wheels. The company's most important product is without doubt one of the most successful combined harvesters ever built. This machine, which is manufactured under patents owned by Mr. Jones, is capable of harvesting and sacking grain under four cents per bushel and is so simple in its design that it can be operated with only a third of the usual horse power. The great wheat country of eastern Washington, of which Walla Walla is the center, affords an unsurpassed market for improved farm implements and it is but natural that the Self-Oiling Wheel & Bearing Company should have built up a large trade, even within the few years of its existence. From the organization of the concern Mr. Jones has served as its president and has given his entire time and attention to looking after its interests. To his thorough and practical knowledge of mechanics he adds executive ability and keen business insight and is generally recognized as an industrial leader.

In 1887 Mr. Jones was married to Miss Catherine L. Morris, of Langollen, North Wales, and to them have been born three sons: Griffith, who is athletic instructor in the high school at Pendleton, Oregon; Wynne, superintendent of the foundry of his father's plant; and Richard L., a student at Whitman College.

Mr. Jones belongs to Walla Walla Lodge, No. 7, F. & A. M., and to Oriental Consistory, A. & A. S. R., of Spokane. He is also connected with the Woodmen of the World and has many friends in fraternal circles. Both he and his wife hold membership in the Christian Science church and give their support to all good works. His career from the time that he apprenticed himself to the machinists's trade has been one of continual advancement, gained through his industry, determination and sound judgement.

HENRY C. BAKER.

Prominent and important business interests have come under the direction of Henry C. Baker, who is a leading figure in real estate circles of Walla Walla and one of the best known orchardists of the Pacific northwest. The spirit of western enterprise and progress has ever found expression in his life. He was born in Portland, Oregon, November 17, 1858, a son of Dr. Dorsey S. Baker, of whom extended mention is made elsewhere in this work. He acquired his early education in the schools of Walla Walla and in the Whitman Seminary and afterward attended the high school at Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he spent two years as a student. He then entered his father's bank and devoted two years to that business, after which he went to Moscow, Idaho, where he again engaged in the banking business. He is now president of the firm of Baker & Baker, dealers in farm loans, and is also one of the owners of the Baker-Langdon orchards, the greatest orchards on the coast. He is likewise one of the stockholders of the Baker-Boyer Bank. In a word, his business connections are of a most extensive and important character and have been most wisely managed, so that splendid results have accrued.

In 1887 Mr. Baker was united in marriage to Miss Clara E. Young, of Oakland, Oregon, a daughter of E. G. and Martha (Barnett) Young, who crossed the plains in an early day, settling in the Umpqua valley. The father is still a resident of Oakland, Oregon, but the mother has passed away. Mr. and Mrs. Baker have become the parents of one daughter, Henrietta Lucile, who is a graduate of Whitman College and is at home with her parents.

In his political views Mr. Baker is a stalwart republican, and while never an office seeker, he has done everything in his power to advance public interests both along the lines of political activity and otherwise. In his business life he has been a persistent, resolute and energetic worker, possessing strong executive powers and keeping his hand steadily upon the helm of his business. He is strictly conscientious in his dealings with debtor and creditor alike. Keenly alive to the possibilities of every new avenue opened in the natural ramifications of trade, he has passed over the pitfalls into which unrestricted progressiveness is so frequently led and has been enabled to focus his energies in directions where fruition is certain. If a pen picture could accurately delineate his business characteristics, it might be given in these words: a progressive spirit ruled by more than ordinary intelligence and good judgment; a deep earnestness impelled and fostered by indomitable perseverance; a native justice expressing itself in correct principle and practice.

JOSEPH DAVIN.

Joseph Davin, of Walla Walla, is one of the foremost citizens of Walla Walla county, owning in addition to a ten thousand acre sheep ranch large tracts of excellent farming land, and the success which he has gained seems doubly remarkable when contrasted with his financial circumstances when he arrived in the United States a young man of eighteen years. He was then empty-handed, but he believed that opportunities were open to all in this country and was energetic and determined to gain prosperity. He was born in France, March 1, 1856, a son of Joseph Davin, an account of whose life appears in the sketch of his son, S. V.

Joseph Davin of this review grew to manhood in his native country and was indebted for his education to its public schools. In 1874 he came to the United States and for eight years remained in California, whence he came to Walla Walla county, Washington. For two years he was employed as a sheep herder but at the end of that time was able to buy a small flock of sheep, and has since engaged in ranching on his own account. He now owns ten thousand acres devoted to the raising of sheep and is one of the largest operators in that line of activity in this part of Washington. He also owns another ranch of fifteen hundred acres, eight hundred acres of wheat land and a stock ranch of six hundred and forty acres, and likewise holds title to a number of valuable properties in the city of Walla Walla. His business interests include as well, a large block of stock in the mercantile business conducted by Gardner & Company. He still gives careful personal supervision to his extensive interests and ranks as one of the capitalists of Walla Walla county.

Mr. Davin was married in 1892 to Miss Mary Ayraud, also a native of France. To them have been born eight children: Alix, the wife of Captain August Stemer, U. S. A.; Mary, at home; Sarah, the wife of Peter Reno; Bertha, who is a graduate of the Walla Walla high school and is at home; Anna; Ida; Joseph, Jr.; and Margaret.

Mr. Davin, although faithful in the discharge of the duties devolving upon him as a citizen, has never had the time nor inclination to seek office. His political views accord in the main with the principles of the democratic party, and its candidates receive his support. He and his wife both belong to the Catholic church and take a considerable interest in the furtherance of its work. There are few men in Walla Walla with a wider acquaintance than he, and his genuine worth is indicated by the fact that those who have been most closely connected with him hold him in the highest esteem.

CHARLES J. BROUGHTON.

Charles J. Broughton, a capitalist of Dayton, was born in Maryland, September 7, 1854, a son of Elijah S. and Harriett A. (Buck) Broughton, the former a native of Maryland, while the latter was born in Vermont. Both passed away, however, in the state of Maryland. In their family were four children, of whom three are yet living.

Charles J. Broughton was reared and educated in the state of his nativity and started out in life on his own account when a youth of seventeen years. He made his way westward to the Pacific coast and acted as cook for a pack train for six months, working at a salary of forty dollars per month. He afterward became clerk in a store and was thus engaged for three years. In 1877 he purchased a pony and thus came to Walla Walla. After reaching his destination he obtained a position at Dayton in the employ of Alexander McDonald, who was proprietor of a general store and with whom he remained for ten years. On the expiration of that period he purchased a half interest in the business, which he continued to carry on and develop for thirteen years, the firm being known during that period as Fallbacher & Broughton. At the end of that time he purchased the interest of his partner in the business and thus became sole owner. He carried on the store for five years longer and then sold the stock but is still owner of the store building. As the years have passed and he has prospered in his undertakings he has added to his holdings from time to time and he now owns over eight thousand acres of wheat land in the northwest. He is also the president of the Broughton Bank of Dayton, which was organized in 1909.

In 1890 Mr. Broughton was united in marriage to Miss Ina McCleary and to them have been born eleven children: Mary, who is a graduate of Smith College of Massachusetts; Charles; Hattie, who is now in college in Massachusetts; E. Van, a high school pupil; Helen, also attending high school; Francis; Ruth; James; Elizabeth; and two who have passed away. Mrs. Broughton is a member of the Congregational church. Mr. Broughton is a republican in his political views and for one term served as county treasurer but has never been ambitious to hold office, preferring to concentrate his efforts and attention upon his business affairs, which have been wisely conducted and have brought to him a substantial measure of success. His plans have always been carefully formulated and promptly executed, and his sound judgment has been manifest in his judicious investments, which have made him one of the capitalists of his section of the state. Fraternally he is identified with the Masons, belonging to the blue lodge and also to the commandery at Walla Walla, in which he has filled some of the chairs.

MAX BAUMEISTER.

Max Baumeister was for many years a prominent figure in real estate, insurance and loan circles in Walla Walla and belonged to that class of men whose business enterprise and ability won them prominence and success. His indefatigable energy, his marked strength of character and his persistency of purpose featured largely in the attainment of the handsome competence which he ultimately won. A native of Germany, he was born on the 13th of March, 1840, a son of Dr. Ernest Baumeister, who crossed the Atlantic to the new world with his family when his son Max was a youth of fourteen years. At the time of the Civil war he responded to the call of his adopted country for military aid and was killed on the field of battle, his remains being laid to rest in the National cemetery at Arlington.

Max Baumeister spent the first fourteen years of his life in his native country and during that period attended the public schools after reaching the age of six years. He then left Germany for the United States in company with his parents, the family home being established in New York city, where he remained until after he had attained his majority. It was in 1859 that he came to the Pacific northwest by way of the Panama route to California, and after residing in that state for two years he returned to New York and thence made his way to Europe, where he traveled extensively. At a later period, however, he once more went to San Francisco and in 1862 established his home at Portland, Oregon, where he remained for a brief period and then removed to Walla Walla, coming up the river by boat to Wallula and thence walking across the country with Henry Ankeny. At that early day there was but little employment to be had and in order to provide for his own support he opened a barber shop after he had worked for a time in other connections. He had but fifteen dollars when he reached Walla Walla. He was of a saving disposition and was a hard worker. He understood but little English at the time of his arrival and thus encountered some difficulties owing to lack of knowledge of the language. However, he was quick to learn and he made the best possible use of his opportunities. He often worked from three o'clock in the morning until nine o'clock at night and on Saturdays until midnight. At 3:00 A. M. he would rise to heat water for the miners' baths. For a time he acted as hired man but after three months he bought out his employer and thus began laying the foundation of his later success. He conducted his barber shop until about 1882, after which he engaged for a little time in merchandising and later established himself in the real estate, loan and insurance business. He also engaged in farming quite extensively. He readily recognized and utilized opportunities and such were ever to him the call to action, to which he made immediate response. He was prominently identified with real estate, loan and insurance interests up to the time of his demise, which occurred February 3, 1909, and through all these years he occupied a prominent position in business circles because of the enterprise which he displayed, by reason of his initiative and also owing to his thorough reliability.

In Walla Walla, in 1864, Mr. Baumeister was united in marriage to Miss Anna Hauer, who passed away in 1879. The following year Mr. Baumeister was again married, his second union being celebrated on Long Island, Miss Alvine Schweiker becoming his wife. They had been acquainted during the period of Mr. Baumeister's residence in New York, when his wife was but a little girl, and after returning to New York he renewed his acquaintance with his former friend and they were married, after which he brought his bride to Walla Walla. They became the parents of six children: Charlotte Anna, the wife of B. F. Thompson, of Walla Walla; Alvin Garfield, living in Walla Walla; Max E., who is engaged in trout growing at Stevenson, Washington; Olga S., the wife of Clifton N. Draper, of Schenectady, New York; Werner W., who is a student in Whitman College; and Karl Edward, who is attending high school.

The old home of the family was on Alder street. As the years passed on Mr. Baumeister made extensive investments in property and acquired between five and six thousand acres of wheat land in Garfield county. He afterward disposed of that and purchased a farm of several hundred acres now just outside the city limits of Walla Walla. In 1900 he erected thereon the present beautiful home of Mrs. Baumeister, which has since been occupied by the family. The house, spacious, modern and attractive in style of architecture, is surrounded by thirteen acres of ground laid out in beautiful lawns shaded by fine trees and with well planned drives.