INDEX.
Reading edition
Aberdeen, Lord, as Foreign Secretary, 524,
condemns Palmerston's foreign policy, 588.
Abolition of slavery in West Indies, 366-368.
Abuses, Poor-law, 361-363.
Acts, Railway, number passed, temp. William IV., 420.
Adelaide, Queen of William IV., 312;
unpopularity during Reform agitation, 350, 351.
Afghanistan, War in, 493.
Aggressive policy of Russia, Debate on the, 411.
Agrarian outrages in England, 325; in Ireland, 560-563.
Agricultural distress in England, 120, 224;
in Ireland, 403-406;
labourers and parish relief, 363.
Agriculture, State of, temp. George III., 187;
state of, in Ireland, 535.
Aix-la-Chapelle, Congress of, 138.
Albert Amadeus I. chosen king of Sicily, 583.
Albert, Prince, 467, 468.
Albuera, Battle of, 16.
Alexander, Mr., libel prosecution, 310.
Alexander of Russia and Bernadotte, 39;
treaty with Prussia, 63.
Algiers, Storming of, 122.
Alien Act, The, 136.
Aliwal, Battle of, 599.
Allies, The, muster against Buonaparte, 67;
preparations to crush him, 70;
severe fighting, 78-82;
enter Paris, 82;
treaty of Paris, 85;
treaty of Vienna, 87;
new treaty of alliance, 89.
Almack's, 439.
Ameers of Scinde. (See Scinde.)
Amelia, Princess, Death of, 8.
America (U.S.), hostility to Britain, 32, 55;
preparations for war, 34;
invasion of Canada, 35, 105-110;
naval victories, 37;
British expedition against, 110-113;
contributions from, for relief of Irish famine, 547.
Anglesey, Marquis of, Viceroy of Ireland, 268;
on the Catholic question, 268-270;
on the state of Ireland, 278-280, 290, 291;
resignation, 292;
second term of office, 326.
Anti-Corn Law League, 481, 508, 509, 514;
literature, 483;
banquet, 484.
Annuities and pensions, Vansittart's proposals, 224.
Apprenticeship, Negro, in the West Indies, 367.
Architecture, State of, temp. George III., 199-201;
temp. William IV., 433.
Arms Bill (Ireland), passed, 527.
Army, Dress of, temp. George III., 203.
Art, Works of, captured by Buonaparte, restored, 118.
Arts and sciences, temp. George III., 199;
temp. William IV., 430.
Articles, the Thirty-nine, Dissenters relieved from subscription to, 159-160.
Ashburton treaty, The, 492.
Ashley, Lord, and factory children, 454;
on the Corn Laws, 519.
Astronomy, temp. George III., 198;
temp. William IV., 430.
Auckland, Lord, Governor-General of India, 497.
Australia, Scheme for government of, 605.
Austria declares war against Buonaparte, 67;
revolution in, and in her dominions, 578-582;
flight of Metternich, 578;
emperor abdicates, 579;
Russia intervenes, 580;
the Italians revolt, 582;
quells the revolution in Italy, 585-587.
Babbage's calculating machines, 431.
Badajoz, Storming of, 226.
Bagration, Prince, command the Cossacks against Buonaparte, 42, 43.
Ballingarry, Battle of, 568.
Bank Charter Act, 524.
Bank notes, Circulation of, 238, 242, 244.
Bank of England, Run on, during passage of Reform Bill, 351.
Barclay de Tolly, opposed to Buonaparte in campaign of 1812, 41-46.
Batavia, Reduction of, 19.
Batthyány, Count, 580.
Bautzen, Battle of, 66.
Bean's attempt on Queen Victoria's life, 491.
Bedchamber question, The, 461.
Belfast, Queen's visit to, 573.
Belgium revolts from France, 319, 320.
Beloochistan, Napier's march across the desert of, 591.
Bentinck, Lord George, proposals for Irish relief, 543.
Bequests, Charitable, on behalf of education, 158.
Beresford, General, in the Peninsular Campaign, 15-18.
Beresina, Passage of the, 52.
Bernadotte elected Crown Prince of Sweden, 6;
opposes Buonaparte, 38;
plans the campaign against Buonaparte, 39.
Birmingham Political Union, 327.
Blanketeers, The, 124-127.
Blucher, Marshal, opposes Buonaparte, 63, 65, 69, 78-82;
in London, 86;
at Ligny, 95;
at Waterloo, 100.
Bogue forts, Capture of, 474.
Bologna, Bombardment of, 586.
Bonner's Fields, Chartists at, 558.
Borodino, Battle of, 46.
Bottle riot, The, 247, 248.
Bounties on various industries, Abolition of, 240.
Bourbons return to France, 83;
flight of Charles X., 318.
Bridge building, temp. George III., 192.
Brienne, Battle of, 78.
Bright, John, and Corn Laws, 482;
eulogy on Sir Robert Peel, 523.
Bristol, Reform riots at, 340-342.
Britain, Great, subsidies to foreign Powers against Buonaparte, 62, 74, 89, 91;
restores her conquests, 86.
Brougham, Lord, defends Queen Caroline, wife of George IV., 211;
on the regency, 312-314;
on the slavery question, 314;
on the French Revolution, 318;
becomes Lord Chancellor, 324;
condemns Palmerston's foreign policy, 588.
Brunel, Sir Mark Isambard, 431.
Brunswick Clubs in Ireland, 283.
Budget, A popular, 238;
Peel's Free Trade, 515.
Buonaparte, Joseph, King of Spain, flies from Madrid, 28;
defeat at Vittoria, and flight, 58;
appointed lieutenant of Paris, 76;
flight from Paris, 82.
Buonaparte, Louis, Abdication of, 4.
Buonaparte, Napoleon, divorces Josephine, 2;
marries Maria Louisa of Austria, 3;
quarrels with his family, 4;
birth of a son, 20;
instability of his empire, 21;
quarrels with the Church, 22;
war preparations, 38;
peace overtures to Britain, 40;
the Russian campaign of 1812, 41-54;
second campaign against Russia, 63;
battles of Lützen and Bautzen, 65, 66;
battles and flight from Leipsic, 68-71;
returns to Paris, 72;
subject kingdoms revolt, 72, 73;
liberates the Pope, 73;
Ferdinand of Spain, 75;
the Allies, 76;
battles at Brienne and La Rothière, 78;
Chatillon conference, 79;
surrender of Paris, 81;
abdicates, 83;
banished to Elba, 84;
escapes, 87;
reception in France, 89, 91;
collects a fresh army, 92;
battles of Ligny and Quatre Bras, 94;
battle of Waterloo, 98-102;
banished to St. Helena, death, 104.
Burdett, Sir Francis, presents a Catholic petition, 251;
his motion on Catholic
emancipation, 270;
attack on Wellington, 308.
Burghs, Scottish, Reforms of, 146.
Burns, Robert, 185.
Butt, Mr., opposes O'Connell's Repeal motion, 525.
Cabul, Retreat from, 495;
sack of, 503.
Calculating machines, Babbage's, 431.
Canada, Invasion of, by United States, 35, 105-110;
disaffection in, 396-400;
rebellion in Lower, 445-448.
Canals, Construction of, temp. George III., 190, 191.
Canning, Mr., on Catholic Emancipation, 223;
becomes Foreign Secretary, 230;
and the Spanish colonies, 236;
Prime Minister, 257;
death, 260.
Capital Punishment, Parliamentary inquiry, 145;
abolition of for various offences, 426.
Captives, English, Rescue of, by Sale, 502.
Carlowitz bombarded, 578.
Caroline, Capture of the, 446.
Caroline, Queen, 205;
arrival in England, 206;
charges against, 207;
inquiry ordered, 208;
Brougham's defence, 211;
claims to be crowned, 214, 215;
illness and death, 216;
funeral procession, 217, 218.
Cash payments, Resumption of, 143;
and currency troubles, 237.
Castlereagh's Coercion Bill, 25.
Catholic Association, 248-251;
effect on the elections, 252;
as a military organisation, 283.
Catholic Emancipation, 12, 248, 251;
Grattan's motions, 146, 166;
efforts for, temp. George III., 165;
Canning on, 223, 252;
Anglesey on, 268, 270, 290;
Burdett's motion, 270;
Wellington's memorandum, 281;
and letter, 290;
excitement in Ireland, 283, 284;
agitation in England, 288;
opposed by king and bishops, 293;
Peel's Bill and debate, 295-297;
becomes law, 299.
Catholic Powers, Agreement between, for defence of Papal territory, 587.
Catholics, Number of, in Britain, 299;
eminent, in Ireland, 428.
Cato Street conspiracy, 154, 155.
Census Commissioners of 1841, Report of the, 416.
Champions and opponents of Reform, 135.
Charitable bequests on behalf of education, 158.
Charles X. of France provokes a revolution, 315;
the revolution of 1830, 316-318;
flight of the king, 318.
Charlotte, Princess, death of, 131.
Chartists, Rise of, 455;
riots, 457, 458;
the monster petition, 555;
the great demonstration, 557;
the petition presented, 558;
trials, 559.
Chatillon, Conference of, 79.
Cheetoo marauders in India, 138.
Chillianwallah, Battle of, 600.
China, War with, 472-475.
Cholera ravages in India, 139;
appearance of in England, 344.
Church, State of, temp. George III., 158-164;
in Scotland, 167;
Wales, 170;
Ireland, 171;
cess, 355, 359;
Temporalities Act (Ireland), 359-361;
reform in England, 407;
rates, 414;
temp. William IV., 428.
Churches and Chapels, Statistics of, 42.
Ciudad Rodrigo, Capture of, 26.
Civil List, the Regent's, debate on, 22;
George IV.'s, 205;
Victoria's, 444.
Civil war or the Reform Bill, 351.
Clare election, The, 271-278, 303
Clarendon, Lord, Viceroy of Ireland, 562, 566.
Clocks and watches, Improvements in the manufacture of, 198.
Coal-gas, Utilisation of, for lighting streets, etc., 198.
Coal mines, Development of, temp. George III., 196;
produce of, temp. William IV., 419;
operatives in, 490.
Coasting Trade, temp. William IV., 422.
Cobbett's Political Register and the Reform Bill, 121;
flight of, 128.
Cobden, Richard, 482;
scene with Peel, 506, 507;
agitation against Corn Laws, 509, 510;
Peel's tribute to, 523.
Coercion Bill, Irish, 373, 375.
Coinage, Improvement of, 198, 202.
Colonial self-government, 600.
Combination Acts (capital and labour), The, 242.
Commerce, temp. George III., 157;
temp. William IV., 417.
Commons, House of, privileges, 468-470.
Conscience, Liberty of, various efforts for, 158-169.
Constables, Special, and Chartist riots, 556, 558.
Constitution, The New Prussian, 577.
Cookery, temp. William IV., 441.
Corn Law of 1815, 119.
Corn Laws, Agitation against, 147, 479-488;
relaxed, 245;
free trade in corn debates, 513-519;
Times announcement, Peel's resolve, 519;
debates on, 521-523;
Corn Importation Bill becomes law, 523.
Coronation of George IV., 214-216;
of William IV., 343;
of Victoria, 451.
Corporations, Irish, Bill for the regulation of, 390.
Corporations, Municipal, inquiry into state of, 388.
Cotton spinners, Strike of, 138.
Court of George IV., Life at, 220.
Cracow, State of, annexed by Russia, 412.
Crime, Effect of Education on, 427.
Crime in Ireland, 560-562.
Criminal Laws, Amelioration of, 426.
Croatians invade Hungary, 578, 579.
Cumberland, Duke of, Grand Master of the Orange Societies, 394;
proposal to prosecute, 395;
becomes King of Hanover, 443.
Currency difficulties, 11;
paper, and scarcity of gold, 237;
bimetallic, 409.
Curtis, Dr., correspondence with Wellington on Catholic Emancipation, 289-290.
Customs duties, Effect on trade of abolition of, 522.
Custozza, Radetzky's victory at, 585.
Davoust's atrocities in Hamburg, 66.
Dead weight annuity, 224.
Defences of the country, Measures for improving the, 602.
Dennewitz, Ney defeated at, 70.
Disraeli, O'Connell's attack on, 387;
attack on Peel's Government, 511, 514, 516, 522;
leads the Conservative party, 602.
Dissenters, Restrictions on, 159, 160, 164;
eminent, temp. George III., 169, 170;
grievances and relief of, 264-267;
statistics of, temp. William IV., 427.
Distress, Agricultural, 120, 224, 403-406;
trade, 307, 308, 310.
Doyle, Dr., and Catholic Emancipation, 303.
Dramatists, temp. George III., 179-182;
temp. William IV., 439.
Dresden, Buonaparte meets his vassal monarchs at, 40.
Dress and fashion, temp. George III., 203;
temp. William IV., 442.
Drought, The, of 1826, 244.
Drummond, Mr., Assassination of, 506.
Dublin Custom House, Burning of, 376.
Dublin, Queen's visit to, 572.
Duffy, Gavan, Trial of, 570.
Dukes, Royal, Marriages of, 136.
Durham, Lord, mission to Canada, 447.
Earthquake at Jelalabad, The, 499.
Eastern question, 476.
Ecclesiastical Commissioners, Establishment of, 408.
Education, Charitable bequests on behalf of, 158;
Brougham's speech on, 205;
national (Ireland), 356, 359;
temp. William IV., statistics, 424;
effect on crime, 427;
Government scheme for, 463.
Egypt, Affairs in, 475.
Elba, Buonaparte at, 83, 84;
escapes from, 87.
Eldon, Lord, on Marriage Act, 226;
on O'Connell, 270;
on Clare election, 275;
interview with George IV. on Catholic question, 299.
Ellenborough, Lord, Governor-General of India, the Somnauth proclamation, 504;
annexes Scinde, 591;
and Gwalior, 594;
recalled, 595.
Elliott, Ebenezer, and Corn Laws, 483.
Emancipation Bill, Catholic, Peel introduces, 295.
(See Catholic Emancipation.)
Emaum-Ghur, Destruction of the fortress of, 591.
Emigration to America, 245.
Encumbered Estates Act (Ireland), 570.
Engineering, temp. George III., 188-195.
England, Municipal relief in, 387-389.
Engraving, temp. George III., 202.
Episcopalians, Scottish, Relief of, 168.
Etruria, Queen of, Buonaparte's treatment of, 21.
Exmouth, Lord, bombards Algiers, 122.
Expenditure, royal, Debate on, 142.
Exports, temp. William IV., 418.
Factories, Employment of children in, 454.
Famine, The Irish, 536-547.
Fashions in dress, temp. George III., 203.
Ferdinand of Austria abdicates, 579.
Ferdinand VII. of Spain restored, 86.
Ferozeshah, Battle of, 597.
Fiction, temp. George III., 171-174;
temp. William IV., 439.
Financial reforms, 224, 308.
Fire at Dublin Custom House, 376;
at Houses of Parliament, 376.
Foreign Enlistment Act, 146.
Forty-shilling freeholders, 254;
disfranchised, 301;
increase of, 510.
Fouché's intrigues, 85;
joins Buonaparte, 90.
Foundation schools in Ireland, Wyse's Report, 357.
France, relations with Spain, 232;
annexes Society Islands, 524;
interferes in Italian revolution, 586.
(See Buonaparte, French Revolution.)
Francis attempts the Queen's life, 490, 491.
Francis Joseph appointed viceroy of Bohemia, 578;
becomes Emperor of Austria, 579.
Frankfort Parliament offers the imperial crown of Germany the king of Prussia, 577.
Free Trade, effect on the imports, 423;
enunciation of in the Royal Speech, 478;
progress of, 507;
literature, 508;
principles triumph, 523.
French revolution of 1830, 315-318;
effect in England, 318;
of 1848, 550;
effect in Britain, 554;
in Ireland, 564;
in Austria, 578.
Friends, Society of, and abolition of slavery, 366;
and Irish famine, 538.
Fuentes d'Onoro, Battle of, 15.
Furniture, Household, temp. George III., 203.
Game Laws, Bill to amend, rejected, 305.
Garibaldi, General, and Italian revolution, 583;
defeats Neapolitans, defence of Rome, 587.
Gas for street lighting, Introduction of, 198.
George III., Insanity of, 8, 22;
jubilee, Regent appointed, 8;
children of, 135;
Duke of York, his guardian, 142;
death of, 156;
progress of the nation during his reign, 157-203.
George IV., Accession of, 202;
treatment of Queen, 206;
coronation, 214-216;
visits Ireland, 216, 218-220;
visits Scotland, 227-230;
opposes Catholic Emancipation, 292;
agrees to Peel's proposals, 294;
alarm at Peel's Bill, 298;
assents to the Bill, 299;
illness, death, character, 310, 311.
(See Regent.)
Germany, Revolution in, 575.
Gladstone, Mr., attacks Palmerston's foreign policy, 606.
Glasgow, Chartists in, 555, 558.
Glass manufacture, temp. George III., 196.
Goito, Radetzky defeated at, 584.
Goojerat, Battle of, 601.
Görgei, Hungarian patriot, 580, 597.
Gough, Sir Hugh, in India, 594.
Grattan, Henry, motions on Catholic Emancipation, 146, 166;
death of, 205;
his opinion of O'Connell, 271.
Greece, struggles for independence, 262;
high-handed proceedings of, debate, 606.
Grey, Earl, 324;
retires from public life, 373;
character, 374.
Grey, Sir George, on state of Ireland, 560.
Guardians, Poor Law, 365.
Guerrière and Constitution, Naval battle between, 36.
Gwalior, Annexation of, 594.
Habeas Corpus Act suspended, 127.
Hampden Clubs, 120.
Hanover, Separation of, from England, Duke of Cumberland becomes king of, 443.
Hardinge, Sir Henry, Governor-General of India, 595, 597.
Haynau, General, 589.
Hill, Sir Rowland, and postal reform, 470.
Historians, temp. George III., 175-178;
temp. William IV., 435.
Holland, The French driven from, 72.
Holy Alliance and Congress of Verona, 231-236.
Hone satirises the Government, 128, 152;
trial of, 128-130.
Hôtel de Ville, Paris, Revolutionary attack on, 317.
Hume, Mr., his resolution on the Orange Societies, 394.
Hundred Days, the beginning, 87;
end, 104;
cost, 118.
Hungary, Revolution in, Kossuth appointed dictator, 579;
Russian intervention, 580;
debate on, 588.
Hunt, "Orator," 121, 147;
trial of, 156.
Huskisson, Mr., at Board of Trade, 239;
reforms, 239-242;
resigns, 264;
death, 319.
Hyde Park, temp. William IV., 441.
Hyderabad, Surrender of, 592.
Illegitimate children, Maintenance of, 364.
Imports, temp. William IV., 422.
Incendiarism in southern counties, 320.
India, Disturbances in, 138, 139;
consolidation of empire, 141;
affairs in Scinde, 589;
Ellenborough's policy, 590;
Napier's conquests, 590-594;
affairs in the Punjab, 594, 601;
Gwalior captured, 595;
the Sikh war, 595-600.
Industrial progress, temp. William IV., 416, 417.
Industries, Manufacturing, temp. George III., 195-198.
Inhabited houses in Great Britain, temp. William IV., 424.
Ireland, George IV.'s visit to, 218-220;
discontent and disturbances in, 222, 307;
Lord Wellesley, Viceroy, 222, 246;
social condition, 246, 535;
Marquis of Anglesey, Viceroy, 268, 278-280, 326;
the peasantry arming, 283;
distress in, 326, 403-406, 484;
Reform Bill for, 352, 353;
tithe riots, 355;
Clergy Relief Bill, 356;
national education, 356, 359;
church reform, 359, 372;
O'Connell's repeal agitation, 370;
tithe question, 371, 383;
municipal reforms, 390;
workhouse system, 405;
registration of voters (Stanley's Bill), 476;
threatened famine, 517;
the Arms Bill, 529;
the famine in, 536-547;
after the famine, 560;
rebellion in, 563-570;
the Queen's visit to, 571-573.
Irish Church, Mr. Ward's motion, 372.
Irish Confederation, 564.
Irish corporations, Bill for the regulation of, 390.
Irish famine, The, 535-547.
Irish Parliament, O'Connell's proposal to restore, 530.
Irish Poor, Bill for the relief of, 448.
Iron, Improvements in manufacture of, 196-198;
mines, 419.
Isas-zeg, Battle of, 580.
Italy, Revolution in, 582-586;
debate on, 587.
Jamaica Bill, The, 460.
Jelalabad, Defence of, 498;
relief of, 499.
Jellacic, Ban of Croatia, and Austrian revolution, 578;
invades Hungary, 579
Jewish Emancipation Bill, 603-605.
Johnson, Dr. Samuel, 174.
Joseph Buonaparte. (See Buonaparte, Joseph.)
Jubilee of George III., 8.
Junot, Marshal, at Valoutina, 44.
Kennington Common, Chartist meeting on, 555.
Kent, Agricultural outrages in, 325.
Kent, Duke of, The marriage of, 136;
the death of, 156.
Khan, Akbar, 495.
Khyber Pass, 495, 497.
Kossuth, Louis, appointed dictator of Hungary, 579;
escapes to Turkey, 581;
takes refuge in England, 583.
Kutusoff, Russian general, opposes Buonaparte, 46-53.
Labédoyère, Execution of, 115.
Lamartine and French revolution, 553;
and Irish rebellion, 566.
Lamberg, Count, Assassination of, 579.
Landed Estates Court (Ireland), 570.
Lawless, Mr., a leader of the Irish rebellion, 283.
Lawrence, John and Henry, 600, 601.
Leinster declaration, The, 288.
Leipsic, Battle of, 71.
Liberators, The Order of, 286.
Lichfield House compact, 380.
Ligny, Battle of, 94, 95.
Literature, temp. George III., 171-187;
temp. William IV., 434-439;
of Anti-Corn Law League, 508;
Free Trade, 508.
Liverpool, Lord, death and character, 256.
Locomotive steam-engine, The, 194.
London, Anti-Corn Law agitation in, 484;
Chartist riots in, 558.
Londonderry, Lord, 227, 382.
Lords, House of, Petition for reform of, 392.
Louis XVIII. restored to France, 83;
flight of, 90;
returns, 104.
Louis-Philippe, King of France, 318;
the Spanish marriages, 548;
outbreak of the revolution, 550;
abdication, flight, death, 551.
Luddite riots, 25.
Lützen, Battle of, 65.
Machinery destroyed by rioters, 25, 244.
Macnaghten, Sir William, Assassination of, 495.
Madison, President (U.S.), attempt on Canada, 35, 105;
at capture of Washington, 110;
anxiety for peace, 114.
Madrid, Wellington enters, 28.
Mabrattas, Power of the, broken, 141;
conquest of Gwalior, 594, 595.
Malt Tax, Proposed abolition, 381, 382.
Manchester, Reform meetings at, 147-151;
opening of railway, 319;
Corn Law agitation at, 481-484.
Manin and the siege of Venice, 586.
Manners and customs, temp. George III., 202;
temp. William IV., 439, 440.
Manufactures, temp. George III., 196-198;
prosperous state of, 237;
temp. William IV., 418.
Manufacturing districts, Depression in, 147.
Maria Louisa, of Austria, marries Buonaparte, 3;
appointed regent, 64, 76;
flies from Paris, 81.
Marmont in the Peninsular campaign, 26.
Marriage laws, Reforms in, 225;
and Dissenters, 382;
Act, 409.
Marriage of Queen Victoria, 471.
Massacre, The Peterloo, 151, 152.
Massena in the Peninsular Campaign, 12-16.
Mathematical Science, temp. William IV., 430.
Mathew, Father, and temperance reform in Ireland, 526;
and the Irish famine, 537, 546.
Maynooth Grant, The, for educating Roman Catholic priests, 524.
Mazzini and Italian revolution, 582;
one of the triumvirate, 583.
Meeanee, Battle of, 592.
Meerpoor, Capture of, 592.
Melbourne, Lord, Prime Minister, 373, 386, 444;
and Queen Victoria, 478.
Messina bombarded, 583.
Metropolitan police, Establishment of, 323.
Metternich, Prince, and Buonaparte, 67;
and Austrian revolution, 578.
Milan, Revolutionary fighting in, 582;
Radetzky captures, 585.
Ministry, The Reform, 323.
(See Reform Bill.)
Miscellaneous writers and literature, temp. George III., 178;
temp. William IV., 435.
Monster meetings, O'Connell's, 526, 530.
Moodkee, Battle of, 597.
Moolraj, Defeat of, 60.
Mooltan, Capture of, 601.
Mortality during Irish famine, 541.
Moscow, Russians evacuate, 46;
burning of, 47;
French retreat from, 48-54.
Mulgrave, Lord, Viceroy of Ireland, 395.
Municipal reform, 387-389;
corporations, inquiry commission, 388;
in Ireland, 390, 414, 450;
in Scotland, 391;
Reform Act, 444.
Murat, Marshal, at Moscow, 48;
deserts Buonaparte, 63;
revolutionary attempt at Naples, 105, 117;
execution, 117.
Music and musicians, temp. George III., 199.
Napier, Sir Charles, conquest of Scinde, 591-593.
Napoleon, Louis, elected to National Assembly, 552;
president of republic, 554;
special constable in London during Chartist riots, 556.
National Gallery, Inception of, 240.
National wealth, Increase of, temp. William IV., 418.
National workshops, French, Failure of the, 553.
Nation, The, Irish Repeal newspaper, 563.
Naval supremacy of Britain, 19;
battles during American war, 35-38.
Navarino, Battle of, 262.
Navigation Laws, Changes in, 239;
repealed, 602.
Navy, State of the, 407.
Neapolitans defeated by Garibaldi, 587.
Negro slaves in the colonies, 366.
Newspaper stamp duty, 401.
Ney, Marshal, in the Russian campaign, 50, 51;
deserts Louis Philippe, 90;
at Waterloo, 99;
Execution of, 115.
Nonconformists and Marriage Laws, 382;
statistics of, 427.
Norbury, Lord, Assassination of, 458.
Normanby, Lord, on crime and outrage in Ireland, 459.
Northumberland, Duke of, Viceroy of Ireland, 292.
Notes, bank, Circulation of, 238, 242, 244.
Novara, Charles Albert defeated at, 586.
Novelists, temp. George III., 171-174;
temp. William IV., 439.
Oaths, Parliamentary, Lord John Russell's Bill, 602, 603.
O'Brien. (See Smith O'Brien.)
O'Connell, Daniel, and Catholic Association, 249;
as barrister, 270, 271;
Grattan's opinion of, 271;
the Clare election, 271-275, 303;
influence on the Irish peasantry, 286, 287;
refuses to take the oaths, 302;
arrested for sedition, 327;
agitates for Repeal, 370, 459, 525, 526, 530;
his quarrels, 385, 387;
crusade against House of Lords, 392;
desires to revive the Irish Parliament, 530;
trial, etc., 531, 532;
rejoicings on his liberation, 532;
parliamentary debate on the trial, 534;
Young Ireland party secede from, 534;
death and character, 561, 562.
O'Connor, Feargus, the Chartist, 455, 456, 482, 555.
Oliver the spy, and the rioters, 125.
Omerkote, Capture of, 592.
Operas, temp. George III., 199.
Opium war, The, 472-475.
Orange, Prince of, becomes King of Holland, 72.
Orange Societies in Ireland, 247;
riots in Ireland, 307;
lodges, 393, 394;
Duke of Cumberland Grand Master of, 394;
dissolution of the, 395.
Oregon boundary settled, 524.
Orleans dynasty, End of, 551.
Orleans, New, Pakenham's failure at, 111.
Orthez, Battle of, 75.
Outrages in Ireland, 458;
debate on, 459.
Outram, General, 590.
Overland route to India, 421.
Over-trading and speculation, 410, 411.
Oxford's attempt on Queen's life, 471.
Pacifico, Don, Case of, 606.
Painters and painting, temp. George III., 201;
temp. William IV., 432.
Palmerston, Lord, foreign policy, 374, 548;
interference in Spain, 574;
and Austrian revolution, 581;
and Italian revolution, 585;
debates on, 587, 589, 606;
testimonial to, 607.
Papal States, Revolution in, 583, 586;
Catholic powers restore the Pope, 587.
Paper, Reduction of duty on, 407.
Paris, Capture of, by the Allies, 81, 82;
treaties of, 89, 119;
the Allies enter, 103;
rioting in, 554.
Parliament, changes made by Reform Bill in, 354;
first reformed, 359;
Houses of, burnt, 376;
privilege of reports, 468-70.
Parliamentary Reform, Motions on, 148, 223, 320;
popular excitement, 322.
(See Reform Bill.)
Peel, Sir Robert, on Catholic Emancipation, 249;
Clare election, 275-278;
Catholic
Emancipation Bill, 294, 295;
general election, 378, 380;
Bedchamber question, 462;
Corn Laws, the sliding scale, 487;
on Free Trade, 489, 507, 513;
scene with Cobden, 506;
Cabinet memorandum, 518;
on state of Ireland, 529;
his last speech, death, 607;
Wellington's testimony to, 608.
(See Anti-Corn Law League, Corn Laws.)
Peers, Roman Catholic, Canning's motion for admission of, to Parliament, 222.
Perceval, Mr., Assassination of, 23.
Periodical literature, temp. George III., 179;
temp. William IV., 435.
Peterloo massacre, 151;
debates, 152.
Petition, The Chartist, 558.
Picton, Sir Thomas, Death of, at Waterloo, 99.
Pindarrees, The, and the Mahratta wars, 138-141.
Pius IX., Pope, as reformer, 582;
his reforms, flight, 583;
restored by the Catholic powers, 587.
Plays and dramatists, temp. George III., 180;
temp. William IV., 439.
Poets, temp. George III., 181-187;
temp. William IV., 435.
Poland, Buonaparte promises to restore the kingdom of, 40;
enthusiasm of the Poles, 42.
Police, Metropolitan, Establishment of, 323.
Political parties, Changes in, 359.
Political Register, Cobbett's, and the Reform Bill, 121.
Political Union, The Birmingham, 327.
Poniatowski, Fate of, 71.
Poor, Irish, Relief of the, 403;
inquiry into state of, 404;
Bill for, 414.
Poor Law abuses, 361-363;
reform, 364-366;
Irish, Bill, 448.
Poor Law Act, Operation of the, 410.
Population, Agricultural, State of, temp. George III., 158.
Population, Increase of, in the United Kingdom, 416.
Portugal, Revolution in, 306, 412, 549.
Portuguese expedition, 255.
Postage, Penny, Establishment of, 464.
Potato crop, signs of failure, 516, 520;
precarious nature of, 536;
failure of, 536, 537.
(See Famine, The Irish.)
Pottery, temp. George III., 195, 196.
Pottinger, Eldred, 494, 495, 590.
Press, Growing power of, 121;
liberty of the, 128;
influence on Reform Bill, 334.
Prevost, Sir George, an incompetent commander, 105, 107, 108.
Printing and allied arts, Improvements in, 198.
Privileges of the House of Commons, 468-470.
Progress of the nation, temp. George III., 157-203;
temp. William IV., 416-442.
Prosperity, Proofs of the national, temp. William IV., 418-424.
Protective duties, Abolition of, debate, 521.
Protestant schools in Ireland, 357.
Prussia declares war against Buonaparte, 63;
revolution in, 575.
Punjab, Disturbances in, 593;
annexation of, 601.
Pyrenees, Battle of the, 59.
Quadrilateral Alliance, 475.
Quakers, efforts to procure relief for, 163.
(See Friends, Society of.)
Quatre Bras, Battle of, 95.
Radetzky, General, 579, 582, 586.
Railways, Commencement of, 194;
the first, 319;
progress of, 420.
Ramnuggur, British defeated at, 600.
Rate in aid, Ireland, 570.
Rebellion in Canada, 445-448;
in Ireland, 563-568.
Reciprocity Acts, 239.
Reform, Demands for, 120;
attempts at, 135.
Reform Bill, The, Ministry, 324;
preparing the Bill, 328;
introduced to Parliament, 330;
excitement in the country, 331, 334;
dissolution of Parliament, 333;
influence of the press, 333;
the new Parliament, 335;
the Bill re-introduced, 336-338;
rejected by the Lords, 339;
riots, 339, 340;
negotiations, 345;
passed by the Commons, 347;
threatened rejection by the Lords, 350;
finally passed, 352.
Reform, Poor Law, 364, 365.
Regency, Appointment of, 8, 10, 22;
question of, on accession of William IV., 312-314.
Regent, George, Prince of Wales appointed, 8;
Brougham's philippic against the, 120;
unpopularity of, 123;
death of his daughter, Princess Charlotte, 131;
royal expenditure, debates on, 142;
succeeds as George IV., 204.
Registration of births, marriages, and deaths, 410.
Religion, Progress of, temp. George III., 158-171;
temp. William IV., 427;
in Ireland, 428.
Religious freedom, Efforts for, 158-169.
(See Catholic emancipation.)
Repeal of the Union, Mr. Butt opposes, 525;
Queen's Speech denounces, 529.
(See O'Connell.)
Republic established in France, 552.
Retreat from Moscow, The French, 48-54.
Retrenching official salaries, 308.
Revenue and taxation, temp. William IV. 423, 424.
Revolution in Portugal, 306, 412, 549;
France, 315, 550;
Spain, 412;
Germany, Prussia, 575;
Austria, 578;
Hungary, 579;
Italy, 582.
Revolution of 1848, Palmerston on the causes of, 588.
Riots, Chartist, 457.
Roads, Construction of, temp. George III., 190;
temp. William IV., 420.
Roebuck, Mr., opposes Colonial Government Bill, 605;
on the Government's foreign policy, 606.
Rome, French capture, 587.
Rossi, Count, Murder of, 583.
Rothière, La, Battle of, 78.
Rothschild, Baron, and the abjuration oath, 603.
Runjeet Singh, 595.
Russell, Lord John, motion on Parliamentary Reform, 223;
obtains repeal of Test and Corporation Acts, 264;
introduces Reform Bill, 330, 336;
on the Tithe Question, 383;
on the Marriage Bill, 400;
on the Corn Laws, 519;
on the Jewish Emancipation Bill, 602, 604;
on the Colonial Government Bill, 605.
Russia, war with France, 38, 40-48;
heads the alliance against Buonaparte, 63;
and the Eastern Question, 411;
and the Hungarian revolution, 580, 583.
Sackett's Harbour, Attack on, 108.
Safety lamp, Miner's, 196.
Salamanca, Battle of, 27.
Sale, Sir Robert, rescues English captives, 502.
Salomans, Alderman, and the abjuration oath, 603.
San Sebastian, Storming of, 60.
Savings banks, Depositors in, 417;
as a proof of progress, 424.
Saw-mills introduced into Great Britain, 198.
Schools, temp. George III., 158;
temp. William IV., 425, 426.
Science, Progress of, temp. George III., 199;
temp. William IV., 430.
Scinde, Annexation of, 590-593.
Scotland, Attempt at insurrection, 155;
lay patronage in, 167;
relief of Episcopalians in, 168;
George IV.'s visit to, 227-230;
Reform Bill for, 353;
municipal relief in, 391;
famine in the north of, 540.
Scott, Sir Walter, 175, 436;
and George IV.'s visit to Scotland, 227.
Scottish burgh reforms, 146;
Reform Bill, 353.
Scottish Churches, eminent members of the, temp. William IV., 428.
Sculpture, temp. George III., 202.
Search, The right of, 33, 492.
Self-government, Colonial, 600.
Settlement, The Act of, 362;
changes in the law of, 364.
Shakespeare forgeries, The, 184.
Shere Mahommed defeated by Sir Charles Napier, 592.
Shipping, Progress of, temp. George III., 157;
steam vessels, temp. William IV., 417, 421.
Sicilian expedition to Spain, 29.
Sicily, Revolution in, 583.
Sikh War, The, 597-600.
Silk duties, Reduction of the, 241;
trade riots, 304;
state of trade, temp. William IV., 418.
Six Acts, The, 151, 152.
Slavery in the Colonies, debate, 314;
abolition of, in the West Indies, 366-368;
and the right of search, 492.
Sliding scale, Peel's (corn duties), 487.
Smith O'Brien on the state of Ireland, 527;
joins the Repeal Association, 533;
the Irish rebellion, 564;
capture of, 569;
trial, 570.
Smolensk, Storming of, 44.
Sobraon, Battle of, 599.
Social reforms, 145.
Society Islands annexed by France, 524.
Society of Friends and Irish famine, 474.
Somnauth proclamation, Ellenborough, 504.
Soult, Marshal, in the Peninsular Campaign, 12, 26, 30, 59, 75.
Sovereigns, Allied in London, 86.
Spain, Wellington's campaign in, 55-60, 75;
and her revolted colonies, 231, 236;
relations with France, 232;
revolution in, 412;
Palmerston's interference with, 574.
Spanish legion, The, 452-454.
Spanish marriages, The, 548.
Speculation, over-trading, etc., 242-244, 410, 411;
Parliamentary inquiry into, 254.
Spencean philanthropists, The, 121.
Stamp duty, Newspaper, 401;
revision of the stamp duties, 401, 402.
Stanhope, Earl, and religious freedom, 160-163.
Stanley, Mr., secretary to Irish Viceroy, 332;
his character, 354;
plan for national education (Ireland), 356, 359;
on abolition of slavery, 366;
on the Corn Laws, 518.
Steam, Application of, to travelling and to machinery, 194-196;
applied to vessels, temp. William IV., 421.
Steamboats, The first, in Great Britain, 195.
Street fighting in Milan, 582.
Subsidies to Continental Powers against Buonaparte, 62, 74, 89, 91.
Sugar duties, The, 512.
Sunday schools, temp. William IV., 424.
"Surrender" banquet at Derry, The, 288.
Suspension Act, Repeal of the, 132.
Switzerland, The French driven from, 73.
Syrian dispute, The, 475.
Taxation and Revenue, temp. William IV., 423, 424.
Taxes, Large reductions of, 488.
Temperance reform in Ireland, 526;
and the Repeal agitation, 527, 530;
and the Irish famine, 537.
Test and Corporation Acts, Lord John Russell's motion for repeal of, 264;
debate on, 266;
repeal of, celebrated, 267.
(See University.)
Thames Tunnel, Construction of the, 431.
Theological literature, temp. George III., 178.
Thistlewood and the Cato Street conspiracy, 154.
Tithe Commissioners, Establishment of, 409.
Tithe Commutation Act, 248;
riots in Ireland, 355;
the tithe question, debates on, etc., 371, 382, 409;
Bill (Irish), 450.
Toulouse, Battle of, 75, 76.
Trade, State of, 396;
depression of, 455, 485.
Trades unions and strikes, 368-370.
Turner, J. M. W., 431.
Tuscany, End of the revolution in, 586.
Ulster, the Orangemen in, 396.
Union of Great Britain and Ireland, Repeal of. (See O'Connell.)
Union of parishes for poor-law relief, 364, 365.
United Irishman, The, advocates rebellion, 564.
United States of America. (See America.)
University tests, debate in Parliament, 375, 382.
Unlawful Societies in Ireland Bill, 250.
Valoutina, Battle of, 44.
Venice, Revolution in, 582;
siege and capitulation of, 586.
Verona, Congress of, 231-236.
Vessels, Steam, temp. William IV., 421.
Viceroy of Ireland, Qualifications necessary for a, 245.
Victoria, Princess, Birth of, 156;
youth of, 310.
Victoria, Queen, Accession of, 443;
Lord Melbourne her mentor, 444;
the Civil List, her first Parliament, 444, 445;
her coronation, 451-452;
Melbourne Ministry resign, 459;
the Bedchamber question, 461;
disloyalty of the Tories, loyalty of O'Connell, 466;
approaching marriage announced, 467;
Bill for naturalising Prince Albert, debate, 467, 468;
Prince Albert's income, 468;
the marriage, 471;
attempts on the Queen's life, 471, 490, 491;
letter to the French queen on the Spanish marriages, 548;
visit to Ireland, 571-573.
Vienna, Congress at, 87, 117;
the bombardment of, 579.
Villiers, Mr., motions on the Corn Laws, 479, 484, 511, 523.
Vittoria, Battle of, 58.
Wales, Princess of, regent, 9.
Washington, U.S., captured by British, 110.
Waterloo, Field of, 96;
battle of, 98-102.
Wealth of the nation temp. George III., 157;
temp. William IV., 418.
Wedgwood, Josiah, and improvements in pottery, 196.
Wellesley, Marquis of, Viceroy of Ireland, 222, 246.
Wellington, Duke of, Peninsular campaign, 12-75;
prepares for Buonaparte, 98;
battle of Waterloo, 98-102;
plenipotentiary at Verona congress, 231-236;
Prime Minister, 262;
on the Catholic question, 281;
duel with Earl of Winchilsea, 300;
financial reforms, 309;
declares against Parliamentary Reform, 320, 321;
his Ministry defeated, 324;
on the state of Ireland, 527;
his testimony to Peel's character, 608.
West Indies, Abolition of slavery in, 366-368;
and sugar duties, 512.
Wetherell, Sir Charles, and the Bristol rioters, 340, 341.
William III., his statue blown up, 396.
William IV., Accession, 312;
popularity, 312, 314;
question of regency, 313;
and the Reform Bill, 340;
coronation, 343;
unpopularity, 350;
on the Irish Church, 372;
death and character, 414, 415;
progress of the nation during reign of, 416-442.
William IV. of Prussia and the revolution, 576;
a new constitution, 577;
declines imperial crown of Germany, 578.
Windischgrätz, General, 579.
Wool, Reduction of duties on, 241;
state of the trade, temp. William IV., 418.
Workhouses in England, 362-365;
in Ireland, 405.
Working classes, temp. George III., 157.
Wyse, Mr., Report on Foundation schools in Ireland, 357.
York, Duke of, Commander-in-Chief, 111;
becomes guardian of George III., 142;
declares against Catholic Emancipation, 251;
death, 254.
Young Ireland party, 533;
secede from O'Connell, 534;
history of, 563.
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