Part 1 — CHAPTER XXVI FOR LAWYERS

In the days when Marshall and Story, on the bench of the Supreme Court at Washington, were listening to Webster’s thunder; when Chancellor Kent was scrutinizing precedents in New York, and Rufus Choate quoting Justinian at Salem, success at the bar depended upon elaborate rhetoric and a close study of the Reports. To-day, sound advice is in greater demand than brilliant oratory, and questions of fact are, as a rule, more important and more perplexing than questions of law.

The Britannica is the one great Digest of Facts. Its articles cover all scientific, industrial, commercial and financial subjects. Fifteen hundred of the world’s foremost specialists, chosen from twenty different countries, deal not only with all knowledge, but with the practical application of knowledge in the laboratory, the machine shop, in the mine, on the ship’s deck and in the ship’s engine-room, in the railroad office and on the railroad line. Bankers and engineers, builders and contractors, physicians and surgeons and manufacturers of every kind describe the work which they have themselves successfully done. They explain to the lawyer the details of his client’s own business, which the client is almost always incapable of explaining. They enable the lawyer to test his client’s knowledge and his client’s good faith. They show the lawyer what he has to hope or to dread from expert evidence.

The Volumes as Used by Lawyers

In a mining town in Alaska, where the workmen were mostly Servians, a lawyer recently had an unusual case. The Servians had a church, which in the absence of the Servian priest, was in the charge of a father or “papa” of the Russian orthodox church, and he tried to exclude from their church the entire congregation because they disobeyed him. The lawyer brought into court the Encyclopaedia Britannica to prove the independence of the Servian Church from the authority of the Russian Church. The Britannica was recognized as an authority by the court, and the Servian congregation won its suit for the use of its church building.

A Buffalo lawyer in a recent letter to the publishers of the Britannica told of his being retained in a case involving the qualities of materials used in the construction of automatic car couplers. He 144read many technical works to get information on this subject, but “the article that to me was most instructive was that on Iron and Steel in the Encyclopaedia Britannica.” He adds, “In my opinion the work is invaluable to any person who desires the means of handy reference to, and accurate information on, any topic.” Similar testimony from lawyers all over the world to the usefulness of the Britannica could be adduced in great volume.

A brief reference to the different parts of this Guide will show in a general way the contents and value of the Britannica in the many fields in which an attorney may need, in connection with the preparation of a case, immediate and authoritative information on subjects not purely legal.

But on legal topics, also, the lawyer or the law student will find much valuable information.

American Law

He should read the stimulating and suggestive article on American Law (Vol. 1, p. 828), by Simeon E. Baldwin, governor of Connecticut, professor of constitutional and private international law at Yale, and formerly chief justice of the Supreme Court of Errors, Connecticut. Governor Baldwin’s article points out the general identity of origin of American and English law, with the important exception of territory formerly French or Spanish,—particularly Louisiana,—a point on which the reader will find fuller information in the articles Louisiana (Vol. 17, p. 57) and Edward Livingston (Vol. 16, p. 811). Besides he calls attention to the fact that the state and not the nation is for the most part the legislative unit and the legislative authority. And this leads to a consideration of the great part played in American jurisprudence by the Civil War and the consequent changes in the Federal Constitution, especially the Fourteenth Amendment, which has been the basis of so many recent cases in the Supreme Court and has “readjusted and reset the whole system of the American law of personal rights” by transferring final jurisdiction from state to Federal courts.

Within the Southern states the Reconstruction period affected local law in various ways: by putting political power into the hands of outsiders (“carpet baggers,” etc.), by the social revolution consequent on the abolition of slavery, and by the commercial assimilation of the South to the North.

Governor Baldwin points out that the judicial department has been made partly administrative by the artificial distribution under most state constitutions of governmental powers into executive, legislative and judicial, overlooking the administrative, and making the courts the interpreters of statutes and giving to them the power of deciding whether or not statutes are constitutional.

That the police powers of the states are more and more liberally interpreted by the Federal Supreme Court is an interesting tendency, especially when the student remembers that in the last year or so certain states (notably Washington, c. 74, Laws 1911, Compensation of Injured Workmen) have definitely stated the police power as the basis of acts which the state supreme court might otherwise have declared unconstitutional as depriving of property without due process of law.

The article on American law is supplemented:

(a) in a general way by the valuable contribution of James Bryce (author of The American Commonwealth, and late British ambassador to the United States) on the Constitution and Government of the United States and of the states (Vol. 27, p. 646—an article which would fill about 50 pages of this Guide).

State Statutes

(b) more particularly, under the articles on the separate states (as well as on Alaska, Hawaii, Philippines and Porto Rico), by the description of the state or local constitution with an outline of characteristic and peculiar statutes. For 145instance, in the article Alabama (Vol. 1, p. 459), the first in the Britannica on a separate state of the Union, there is a general sketch of the constitution and government with particular attention to these points: term of judiciary, 6 years; legislative sessions, quadrennial; law against lobbying; executive may not succeed himself; sheriffs whose prisoners are lynched may be impeached; grandfather clause, practically disfranchising the negro—with a summary of Giles v. Harris, 189 U. S. 474; Jim Crow law; disfranchisement for vote-buying or selling; Australian ballot law; anti-pass law; freight rebate law; homestead exemptions; wife’s earnings separate property; women and child labour laws; peonage; liquor laws.

(c) by special articles, such as Homestead and Exemption Laws (Vol. 13, p. 639), Original Package (Vol. 20, p. 273) and Interstate Commerce (Vol. 14, p. 711; equal to about 10 pages of this Guide), by Prof. Frank A. Fetter of Princeton (formerly Cornell), which deal with purely American legal topics.

(d) by legal sections in general economic articles, for instance: in Railways, the section on American Legislation, by Prof. F. H. Dixon of Dartmouth, author of State Railroad Control; in Trusts, by Prof. J. W. Jenks, the great American authority on the subject; in Employers’ Liability; in Trade Unions and in Strikes and Lockouts, both by Carroll D. Wright, late U. S. Commissioner of Labor; Bankruptcy, by Edward Manson, author of Law of Bankruptcy; and in Insurance (Vol. 14, especially p. 662 c).

(e) by general legal articles like: Common Law; Criminal Law, by W. F. Craies, editor of Archbold On Criminal Pleading; Liquor Laws, by Arthur Shadwell, author of Drink, Temperance and Legislation; Medical Jurisprudence, by H. H. Littlejohn, professor of forensic medicine in the University of Edinburgh; Military Law, by Sir John Scott, former deputy judge-advocate-general, British Army; Navigation Laws, by James Williams, of Lincoln College, Oxford; Press Laws; Seamen, Laws, relating to, etc.

and (f) by sections and paragraphs on American law in hundreds of articles on legal topics—for list see below.

Biographies of Lawyers

The following list of American jurists does not include all American lawyers about whom there are separate articles in the Britannica, but will serve to suggest a brief course of biographical readings which the lawyer could not duplicate even in a special and expensive work on the American bar:

Samuel Sewall (Vol. 24, p. 733)

John Rutledge (Vol. 23, p. 945)

Samuel Chase (Vol. 5, p. 956)

Francis Dana (Vol. 7, p. 792)

John Lowell (Vol. 17, p. 76)

Oliver Ellsworth (Vol. 9, p. 294)

John Jay (Vol. 15, p. 294)

Robert R. Livingston (Vol. 16, p. 812)

Luther Martin (Vol. 17, p. 794)

Theophilus Parsons (Vol. 20, p. 868)

John Marshall (Vol. 17, p. 770)

Edmund Randolph (Vol. 22, p. 886)

James Kent (Vol. 15, p. 735)

Edward Livingston (Vol. 16, p. 811)

Bushrod Washington (Vol. 28, p. 344)

Roger Brooke Taney (Vol. 26, p. 396)

Samuel Hoar (Vol. 13, p. 542)

Horace Binney (Vol. 3, p. 949)

James Wilson (Vol. 28, p. 693)

William Pinkney (Vol. 21, p. 627)

Lemuel Shaw (Vol. 24, p. 813)

Daniel Webster (Vol. 28, p. 459)

Simon Greenleaf (Vol. 12, p. 548)

Henry Wheaton (Vol. 28, p. 583)

Richard Rush (Vol. 23, p. 857)

John Bouvier (Vol. 4, p. 336)

Joseph Story (Vol. 25, p. 969)

Levi Woodbury (Vol. 28, p. 790)

James Hall (Vol. 12, p. 847)

Reverdy Johnson (Vol. 15, p. 462)

Hugh S. Legaré (Vol. 16, p. 373)

Rufus Choate (Vol. 6, p. 258)

Benjamin F. Butler (Vol. 4, p. 881)

David Dudley Field (Vol. 10, p. 321)

146S. P. Chase (Vol. 5, p. 955)

John J. Crittenden (Vol. 7, p. 471)

Hamilton Fish (Vol. 10, p. 427)

Benjamin R. Curtis (Vol. 7, p. 652)

J. S. Black (Vol. 4, p. 18)

Judah P. Benjamin (Vol. 3, p. 739)

John Y. Mason (Vol. 17, p. 840)

George Ticknor Curtis (Vol. 7, p. 651)

R. H. Dana (Vol. 7, p. 792)

Samuel J. Tilden (Vol. 26, p. 970)

Samuel F. Miller (Vol. 18, p. 464).

Stephen J. Field (Vol. 10, p. 322)

W. M. Evarts (Vol. 10, p. 4)

Francis Wharton (Vol. 28, p. 575)

Morrison R. Waite (Vol. 28, p. 246)

T. W. Dwight (Vol. 8, p. 741)

E. J. Phelps (Vol. 21, p. 363)

Stanley Matthews (Vol. 17, p. 899)

L. Q. C. Lamar (Vol. 16, p. 100)

C. C. Langdell (Vol. 16, p. 172)

D. W. Voorhees (Vol. 28, p. 211)

T. F. Bayard (Vol. 3, p. 554)

Horace Gray (Vol. 12, p. 391)

Joseph Hodges Choate (Vol. 6, p. 258)

Melville W. Fuller (Vol. 11, p. 296)

Wayne MacVeagh (Vol. 17, p. 269)

John Marshall Harlan (Vol. 12, p. 954)

Richard Olney (Vol. 20, p. 91)

Cushman K. Davis (Vol. 7, p. 866)

Oliver Wendell Holmes (Vol. 13, p. 616)

David Bennett Hill (Vol. 13, p. 464)

Elihu Root (Vol. 23, p. 711)

Philander C. Knox (Vol. 15, p. 882)

Of great value to the student of law, as widening his scope, would be a course of more general reading. This should include:

(a) the articles Law, Jurisprudence and Comparative Jurisprudence, by Paul Vinogradoff, Corpus professor of jurisprudence at Oxford.

(b) articles on national and other legal systems, such as

English Law, History, by the late Frederick W. Maitland, Downing professor of English law at Cambridge.

Anglo-Saxon Law, by Paul Vinogradoff.

Germanic Laws, Early, by Professor Christian Pfister, of the Sorbonne.

Code Napoléon, by Jean Paul Esmein, professor of law in the University of Paris, and Roman Law, probably one of the most remarkable articles in the new edition and of the utmost importance (as in a less degree are the articles Code and Code Napoléon) to the student of civil law. It is based on the well-known article contributed to the Ninth Edition of the Britannica by James Muirhead, professor of civil law, Edinburgh; but the article is actually the work of the reviser, Henry Goudy, regius professor of civil law, Oxford, and it may well be called the best present treatment of the subject. The article is a brief text-book in itself, containing matter equivalent in length to nearly 200 pages of this Guide. The treatment is historical, beginning with the almost mythical regal period and throwing light on the laws before the XII Tables, but this does not mean that the later period, legally more important, is not treated with proper fullness so that the practical as well as the theoretical is considered.

Some Legal Systems

Slightly remoter systems are the subjects of separate articles: Salic Law, by Professor Pfister of the Sorbonne; Brehon Laws, by Lawrence Ginnell, M. P., author of a monograph on the subject; Welsh Laws; an elaborate article on the little-known subject Greek Law, by John Edwin Sandys of Cambridge, author of History of Classical Scholarship; Indian Law, by Sir William Markby, reader in Indian Law at Oxford, formerly judge of the High Court of Calcutta; Mahommedan Law (a subject no longer alien to the American because of the large number of Mahommedans in the Philippines), by D. B. Macdonald, professor in Hartford Theological Seminary, and author of Development of Muslim Theology; and Babylonian Law (by C. H. W. Johns, Master of St. Catharine’s, Cambridge, author of The Oldest Code of Laws, etc.), 147containing a summary of the famous code of King Khammurabi.

The following list does not include the biographies of lawyers and is not a complete list of all topics pertaining to law in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, but it will give some idea of the scope of the legal department of the work.

Abandonment

Abatement

Abdication

Abduction

Abettor

Abeyance

Abjuration

Abode

Abrogation

Abscond

Abstract of Title

Acceptance

Acceptilation

Access

Accession

Accessory

Accommodation Bill

Accomplice

Accord

Accountant-General

Accretion

Accumulation

Accusation

Acknowledgment

Act

Action

Act of Parliament

Act of Petition

Address, The

Ademption

Adjournment

Adjudication

Adjustment

Administration

Administrator

Admiralty, High Court

Admiralty Jurisdiction

Admission

Adoption

Adscript

Adultery

Advancement

Adventure

Advocate

Advocates, Faculty of

Advowson

Affidavit

Affiliation

Affinity

Affray

Affreightment

Age

Agent

Agistment

Agnates

Alabama Arbitration

Alderman

Alias

Alibi

Alien

Alienation

Aliment

Alimony

Allegiance

Alliance

Allocatur

Allodium

Allonge

Allotment

Allowance

Alluvion

Ambiguity

Amendment

Amercement

American Law

Amicus Curiae

Amnesty

Amortization

Analyst

Ancient Lights

Angary

Anglo-Saxon Law

Annates

Annexation

Annoy

Answer

Apology

Appanage

Apparitor

Appeal

Appearance

Appointment, Power of

Apportionment

Apportionment Bill

Appraiser

Appropriation

Appurtenances

Aram, Eugene

Arbitration

Arbitration, International

Arches, Court of

Aristocracy

Arraignment

Array

Arrest

Arrestment

Arrondissment

Arson

Art and Part

Articles of Association

Assault

Assembly, Unlawful

Assessment

Assessor

Assets

Assignment, Assignation, Assignee

Assize

Associate

Assumpsit

Asylum, Right of

Attachment

Attainder

Attaint, Writ of

Attempt

Attestation

Attorney

Attorney-General

Attornment

Auctions

Audience

Autocracy

Autonomy

Average

Avizandum

Award

Babylonian Law

Back-bond

Bail

Bailiff and Bailie

Bailment

Ballot

Bank Holidays

Bankruptcy

Banns of Marriage

Bar, The

Bargain and Sale

Barmote Court

Barratry

Barrington, George

Base fee

Basilica

Basoche

Bastard

Bastinado

Baylo

Beadle

Beheading

Belligerency

Bench

Benefice

Beneficiary

Bequest

Bering Sea Arbitration

Bet and Betting

Betterment

Bigamy

Bill

Bill of Exchange

Bill of Sale

Birth

Blackmail

Black Rod

Blanch Fee, or Blanch Holding

Blasphemy

Blinding

Blockade

Blue-book

Boarding-house

Bocland

Body-snatching

Boiling to Death

Bona Fide

Bond

Boot

Borough

Borough English

Bottomry

Bound, or Boundary

Brachylogus

Branding

Branks

Brawling

Breach

Brehon Laws

Breviary of Alaric

Bribery

Brief

Britton

Burgage

Burgess

Burglary

Burial and Burial Acts

Burke, William

Burning to Death

By-law

Cabinet

Cadastre

Camera

Cangue

Canon Law

Canton

Capital Punishment

Capitulary

Capitulation

Caption

Captive

Capture

Cargo

Carrier

Case

Casus Belli

Caucus

Caveat

Cemetery

Cessio Bonorum

Cestui, Cestuy

Challenge

Chamberlain

Chambers

Champerty, or Champarty

Chance-medley

148Chancery

Chantage

Chargé d’affaires

Charging Order

Charter

Chartered Companies

Charter-Party

Chattel

Cheating

Children, Law relating to

Children’s Courts

Chiltern Hundreds

Chose

Church Rate

Churchwarden

Churchyard

Cinque Ports

Circuit

Citation

Citizen

City

Civil Law

Civil List

Civil Service

Clergy, Benefit of

Clerk

Closure

Code

Code Napoléon

Codicil

Coercion

Cognizance

Coif

Coinage Offences

Collateral

Collusion

Colony

Comity

Commercial Court

Commercial Law

Commission

Commissioner

Commitment

Common Law

Common Lodging-House

Common Pleas, Court of

Commons

Commonwealth

Company

Compensation

Compromise

Comptroller

Compurgation

Conacre

Concert

Conditional Fee

Conditional Limitation

Confarreatio

Confession and Avoidance

Confiscation

Congé d’Elire

Congress

Conjugal Rights

Conquest

Consanguinity, or Kindred

Conseil de famille

Conservator

Consideration

Consignment

Consistory Courts

Consolidation Acts

Consort

Conspiracy

Constable

Constituency

Constitution and Constitutional Law

Consul

Consulate of the Sea

Contempt of Court

Contraband

Contract

Contumacy

Conversion

Conveyancing

Convoy

Coparcenary

Copyhold

Copyright

Co-respondent

Coroner

Corporal Punishment

Corporation

Corpse

Corrupt Practices

Costs

Counsel and Counsellor

Counterfeiting

County

County Court

Court

Court Baron

Court Leet

Court-martial

Covenant

Coverture

Covin

Credentials

Crime

Criminal Law

Criminology

Crimp

Crown Debt

Crown Land

Cruelty

Culprit

Curator

Curtesy

Curtilage

Custom

Customary Freehold

Custos Rotulorum

Cy-près

Damages

Day

Death

Debentures

Debt

Declaration

Declaration of Paris

Declarator

Decree

De Donis Conditionalibus

Deed

Defamation

Default

Defeasance

Defence

Defendant

Del Credere

Demesne

Demise

Democracy

Demurrage

Demurrer

Denizen

Deodand

Department

Deportation or Transportation

Deposit

Deputy

Derelict

Desertion

Detainer

Detinue

Digest

Dilapidation

Diligence

Diplomacy

Directors

Disability

Discharge

Disclaimer

Discovery

Disorderly House

Dissolution

Distress

District

Divorce

Doctors’ Commons

Document

Domestic Relations

Domicile

Donatio Mortis Causa

Dower

Dowry

Dragoman

Drawing and Quartering

Droit

Duke of Exeter’s Daughter

Durbar

Duress

Earl Marshal

Earnest

Easement

Eavesdrip

Ecclesiastical Commissioners

Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction

Ecclesiastical Law

Edict

Ejectment

Election

Elections

Electrocution

Elegit

Embargo

Embassy

Embezzlement

Emblements

Embracery

Eminent Domain

Emperor

Enclave

English Law

Englishry

Entail

Envoy

Equity

Error

Escheat

Estate

Estate and House Agents

Estate Duty

Estoppel

Estovers

Estreat

Evidence

Execution

Executors and Administrators

Exequatur

Exhumation

Exile

Expatriation

Expert

Express

Expropriation

Expulsion

Extenuating Circumstances

Exterritoriality

Extortion

Extradition

Factor

Faculty

False Pretences

Faubourg

Federal Government

Fee

Felo De Se

Felony

Feoffment

Ferry

Fetters and Handcuffs

Feu

Fictions

Fiduciary

Fieri Facias

Fine

Finger Prints

Fishery, Law of

Fixtures

Fiat

Fleet Prison

Fleta

Flotsam, Jetsam and Ligan

Foreclosure

Foreign Office

Foreshore

149Forest Laws

Forfeiture

Forgery

Franchise

Frank-almoign

Frank-marriage

Fraud

Freebench

Freehold

Freeman

Freight

Fuero

Gallows, or Gibbet

Game Laws

Gaming and Wagering

Garnish

Garrote

Gavelkind

Geneva Convention

Germanic Laws, Early

Gift

Glebe

Goodwill

Government

Grant

Gravamen

Greek Law

Gross

Ground Rent

Guarantee

Guardian

Guerrilla

Guillotine

Habeas Corpus

Hanging

Hanaper

Handwriting

Haro, Clameur de

Hegemony

Heir

Heirloom

Hereditament

Heriot

Heritable Jurisdictions

High Seas

Highway

Hinterland

Hire-Purchase Agreement

Hiring

Holiday

Homage

Home Office

Homicide

Horning, Letters of

Hotch-pot

Household, Royal

Hue and Cry

Hundred

Husband and Wife

Hypothec

Identification

Ignoramus

Ignorance

Immunity

Impeachment

Impotence

Impressment

Incendiarism

Incest

Inclosure

Incorporation

Indemnity

Indenture

Indian Law

Indictment

Indorsement

Inebriety, Law of

Infamy

Infant

Infanticide

In Forma Pauperis

Information

Informer

Inheritance

Inhibition

Initials

Injunction

Inn and Innkeeper

Inns of Court

Innuendo

Inquest

Insanity

Instalment

Instrument

Intent

Interdiction

Interesse Termini

Interest

International Law

Interpellation

Interpleader

Interpretation

Interstate Commerce

Intestacy

Intransigent

Inventory

I. O. U.

Jactitation

Joinder

Joint

Jointure

Jougs, Juggs, or Joggs

Judge

Judge-Advocate-General

Judgment

Judgment Debtor

Judgment Summons

Judicature Acts

Jurat

Jurisdiction

Jurisprudence

Jurisprudence, Comparative

Jury

Jus primae noctis

Jus Relictae

Justice

Justice of the Peace

Justiciary, High Court

Justification

Juvenile Offenders

Ketch, John

Kidnapping

King’s Bench, Court of

Knight-Service

Knout

Kurbash

Laches

Lading, Bill of

Landlord and Tenant

Land Registration

Lapse

Larceny

Law

Law Merchant

Lease

Legacy

Legation

Legitim

Legitimacy and Legitimation

Lesion

Letters Patent

Libel and Slander

Liberty

Licence

Lien

Limitation, Statutes of

Liquidation

Liquor Laws

Local Government

Local Government Board

Lodger and Lodgings

Lord Advocate

Lord Chamberlain

Lord Chief Justice

Lord Great Chamberlain

Lord High Chancellor

Lord High Constable

Lord High Steward

Lord High Treasurer

Lord Justice Clerk

Lord Justice-General

Lord Keeper of the Great Seal

Lord President of the Council

Lords Justices of Appeal

Lords of Appeal

Lord Steward

Lost Property

Lotteries

Lynch Law

Magistrate

Mahommedan Law

Maiden

Maiming

Maintenance

Majority

Mandamus, Writ of

Mandarin

Mandate

Manifest

Manor

Mansion

Manslaughter

Man-traps

Mare Clausum and Mare Liberum

Maritime Territory

Marriage

Marshalsea

Martial Law

Master and Servant

Master of the Horse

Master of the Rolls

Maxims, Legal

Mayhem

Mayor

Mediation

Medical Jurisprudence

Meeting

Memorandum of Association

Merger

Mesne

Messuage

Military Law

Ministry

Miscarriage

Misdemeanour

Misprision

Mistake

Monarchy

Monition

Mortgage

Mortmain

Motion

Multiplepoinding

Municipality

Muniment

Murder

Mutiny

Nationality

Naturalization

Navigation Laws

Negligence

Negotiable Instrument

Neutrality

Next Friend

Nisi Prius

Noise

Nolle Prosequi

Nonconformity, Law relating to

Nonfeasance, Misfeasance, Malfeasance

Nonsuit

North Sea Fisheries Convention

Notary or Notary Public

Notice

Novation

Nuisance

Nullification

Oath

Obiter Dictum

Obligation

Obscenity

Office

Oligarchy

Ordeal

Order in Council

Ordinance

Ordinary

Original Package

150Ouster

Outlawry

Overt Act

Oyer and Terminer

Pacific Blockade

Pandects

Paraphernalia

Pardon

Parish

Parlement

Parliament

Parricide

Parson

Partition

Partnership

Party Wall

Passport

Patents

Patents of Precedence

Patron and Client

Paymaster-General

Payment

Payment of Members

Peace

Peace, Breach of

Peace Conferences

Peine forte et dure

Peerage

Penalty

Penology

Pension

Perjury

Perpetuity

Person, Offences against the

Personal Property

Personation

Petition

Picketing

Pillory

Pirate and Piracy

Plaintiff

Pleading

Plebiscite

Pledge

Plurality

Plutocracy

Police

Police Courts

Posse Comitatus

Possession

Post & Postal Service

Potwalloper

Power of Attorney

Praemunire

Preamble

Prerogative

Prerogative Courts

Prescription

Press Laws

Prime Minister

Primogeniture

Principal and Agent

Prison

Privateer

Privilege

Privy Council

Privy Purse

Privy Seal

Prize or Prize of War

Probate

Probation

Procedure

Process

Procès-verbal

Proclamation

Proctor

Procuration

Procurator

Profanity

Prohibition

Promoter

Property

Prorogation

Prosecution

Prospectus

Protectorate

Provisional Order

Provost

Proxy

Public House

Puisne

Purchase

Quantum Meruit

Quarantine

Quare Impedit

Quarter Sessions

Queen Anne’s Bounty

Quorum

Quo Warranto

Rack

Ragman Rolls

Raid

Rape

Rate

Real Property

Rebellion

Receipt

Receiver

Recess

Recidivism

Recognizance

Record

Recorder

Reeve

Referee

Referendum and Initiative

Refresher

Regent

Register

Registration

Release

Remainder, Reversion

Remand

Remembrancer

Rent

Repairs

Repeal

Replevin

Representation

Reprieve

Reprisals

Request, Letters of

Requests, Court of

Rescue

Reservation

Residence

Resident

Residue

Respite

Respondent

Restraint

Retainer

Reward

Ridings

Riot

Robbery

Roman Law

Rundale

Sacrilege

Salary

Sale of Goods

Salic Law and other Frankish Laws

Salvage

Sanction

Satisfaction

Scandal

Scavenger’s Daughter

Schedule

Scire Facias

Scot and Lot

Scrip

Scrutiny

Sea Laws

Seamen, Laws relating to

Search or Visit and Search

Secession

Secret

Secretary of State

Security

Sederunt, Act of

Sedition

Seduction

Seignory or Seigniory

Seisin

Senate

Sentence

Sequestration

Sergeant-at-Law

Serjeanty

Servitude

Session

Set-off

Settlement

Sexton

Share

Shelley’s Case, Rule in

Sheppard, John (Jack)

Sheriff

Shire

Sign Manual, Royal

Simony

Slander

Socage

Soke

Solicitor

Solicitor-General

Sovereignty

Speaker

Specification

Specific Performance

Spheres of Influence

Spring-gun

Spy

State

State, Great Officers of

State Rights

State Trials

Statute

Stipend

Stocks

Stocks and Shares

Stolen Goods

Subinfeudation

Succession

Succession Duty

Suffrage

Summary Jurisdiction

Summons

Sunday

Superannuation

Supercargo

Supply

Supreme Court of Judicature

Surety

Surrender

Surrogate

Suzerainty

Swearing

Syndic

Syndicate

Taille

Tally

Tanistry

Tenant

Tenant-right

Tenement

Tenure

Term

Theatre

Theft

Thegn

Threat

Tichborne Claimant

Ticket-of-leave

Time

Tipstaff

Tithes

Tithing

Toleration

Toll

Tort

Torture

Town

Trade, Board of

Transfer

Tread-mill

Treason

Treasure Trove

Treasury

Treaties

Trespass

Trial

Tribute

Trover

Truck

Trust and Trustees

151Turpin, Richard

Twelve Tables

Udal

Ukaz or Ukase

Ultimatum

Underwriter

University Courts

Uses

Valuation and Valuers

Venue

Verdict

Vestry

Veto

Vicar

Vice-Chancellor

Viceroy

Vidocq, F. E.

Vigilance Committee

Vizier

Vote and Voting

Voucher

Wager

Wainewright, T. G.

War, Laws of

Warden

Warrant

Warrant of Attorney

Warranty

Warren

Waste

Water Rights

Waters, Territorial

Welsh Laws

Wergild

Westminster Statutes

Wheel, Breaking on the

Whig and Tory

Whip

Whipping or Flogging

Wild, Jonathan

Will or Testament

Witness

Woolsack

Works and Public Buildings, Board of

Wreck

Writ

Writers to the Signet