INDEX

Abdominal Surgery, 243-8

Achondroplasia, 17

Adrenals, 325

Aesculapius (Asklepios), 4, 7, 8, 11, 49, 51

Ague, see Malaria.

Air, Nature of, 151-6

Air-Pump, Boyle’s, 125-6

Albinus, Bernard Siegfried (1697-1770), 140-1

Albucasis the Moor (11th cent.), 67, 70

Alchemy, 122-6

Alcoholism, 291

Alexander the Great, 27, 36

Alexandria, 52

Alexandrian School, 36-41

Alkaloids, 325-7

Almond Oil, 322

Aloes, 322

Alum, 322

American Civil War, 300

Ammoniacum, 322

Amputation, 240, 336

Amyl nitrite, 329

Anaerobic bacteria, 257

Anaesthesia, 162, 235-7

Analgesia, 237

Anatomy, 122, 138;

of Galen, 55-6;

Medieval, 72-6;

Renaissance, 82-92;

earlier 19th cent., 204;

Morbid, 156-9

Anatomy Act (1832), 193

Aneurysm, 166

Animal Spirit, 58

Animism, see Nature-Worship

Aniseed, 322

Ann Arbor, 328

Anthrax, 229-34, 250-1, 261

Antibodies, 262, 268-9, 330, 333

Antidiphtheritic serum, 264

Antirachitics, 312-13

Antiseptic Surgery, 235, 237-43.

Antiseptics, 162

Antitoxins, 264-5, 325

Antoninus, Emperor, Statute of (160), 46

Apertorium, the, 164

Aphorisms, the, 256

Appendicitis, 336

Aqueducts, Roman, 46

Arabic Drugs, 323

Arabic Medicine, 66-8

Aricia, 12

Aristophanes, 29

Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), 1, 14, 27-35, 37, 69, 86

Arles, 42

Arsenic, 331

Asclepiades of Bithynia (d. c. 40 B.C.), 41-2

Aseptic Surgery, 235, 237-43

Asklepios, see Aesculapius

Aspirin, 327

Assyria, 6;

Medical Tablets in, 322

Astigmatism (Irregular Sight), 317-19

Astrology, 54

Astronomy, 103-5, 122, 135-6

Atomic Structure, 37, 126

Atropine, 326

Auenbrugger, Leopold (1722-1809), 160

Augustus, Emperor (reigned 27 B.C.-A.D. 14), 42

Aural Surgery, 188

Avicenna, the Persian (980-1036), 67, 70, 72, 74, 82, 180

Avignon, 76

Babylonians, the, 6-7

Bacon, Roger (1214-84), 318

Bacteria, 120, 121, 227

Bacteriology, 249-53

Bacteriolysins, 269

Baer, Karl Ernst von (1792-1876), 204

Bagdad, 66

Baillie, Matthew (1761-1823), 158

Balfour, Francis Maitland (1851-82), 204

Bayer, 205, 332

Beaumont, William (1785-1853), 148

Bedlam, 286

Behring, Emil von (1854-1917), 264, 266

Bell, Sir Charles (1774-1842), 145, 207, 213

Belladonna, 322

Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832), 178, 190-2, 192-3

Bergmann, Ernst von (1836-1907), 248

Beri-Beri, 272, 313

Berlin, 222, 230, 248, 321

Bernard, Claude (1813-78), 213-15, 229, 326

Bethlem Hospital, 286

Biggs, Hermann M., 202

Binz, Karl (1832-1912), 328

Biology, 132, 139

Bismuth, 325

Bitumen, 322

Black, Joseph (1728-99), 151-3

Black Death, the, 80-1

Blood, Circulation of, 111-20, 146

Blood-letting, 39

Blood-poisoning, 239

Blood-pump, mercurial, 218

Board of Health, 194-6

Boerhaave, Hermann (1668-1738), 122, 139-42, 151, 156-7, 169-70

Bologna, 71-4, 76, 116, 149

Bonn, 205, 222

Bordeaux, 42

Bordet, Jules (1870-), 269

Borelli, Giovanni Alfonso (1608-79), 39, 129-31

Boston, Mass., 198

Botany, 95-6, 138

Boyle, Robert (1627-91), 35, 101, 124-6, 151

Brahe, Tycho (1546-1601), 103, 135

Brain, Aristotle on, 29-30

Bretonneau, Pierre (1771-1862), 185, 253

Broca, Paul (1824-80), 211

Brownlee, John (1868-1927), 348-9

Bruce, David (1885-), 255

Bruno, Giordano (1548-1600), 102-3

Brunton, T. Lauder (1844-1916), 329

Brussels, 85

Bubonic Plague, 201

Caesar, Julius (102-44 B.C.), 45, 46

Caesarean Section, 45

Caffeine, 326

Cambridge, 111, 311

Camomile, 322

Canada, 290

Cancers, 223-4, 337-9, 359

Cannabis indica, 322

Caraway, 322

Carbohydrates, 311

Carbolic Acid, 239-40

Carbon dioxide, 153, 155-6

Cardamoms, 322

Carpenter, Mary (1807-77), 300

Carrel, Alexis (1873-), 248

Carrier Problem, 269-70

Cassia fistula, 322

Castor Oil, 322

Cataract of the Eye, 320-1

Catechu, 322

Cattle-plague, 344

Cavendish, Henry (1731-1810), 153, 156

Caventou, Joseph (1795-1878), 326

Cell Theory, 219-24

Cellular Pathology, 219-24

Celsus, 43-4, 320

Census system, 168

Cerebral Haemorrhage, 338, 340

Cerebrospinal Meningitis, 269-70

Chadwick, Edwin (1800-90), 171, 178, 193-6, 202

Charcot, Jean Marie (1825-93), 211

Charles V, Emperor, 88

Chemotherapy, 329-33

Chester, 182

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration, 25-6

Chicago, 248

Child Life, 18th c., 180-1

Children in Factories, 191, 194

Chloroform, 235, 236

Cholera, 194-5, 198, 201, 234;

chicken, 234, 261

Cholestrol, 312-13

Christianity, 61-2

Chyle, 56

Cinchona, 95, 281-2, 323, 326, 330

Cinnamon, 323

Claudius, Emperor (reigned 41-54), 49

Cleopatra, 36, 41

Clinical Medicine, 100;

Methods and Instruments, 159-61;

Teaching, Rise of, 138-42

Clinical Thermometer, 159

Cloaca Maxima, 45

Cnidus, 8

Cocaine, 236-7, 326

Coffee, 326

Cohnheim, Julius (1839-84), 238

Colchicum, 323

Colocynth, 323

Constantine (d. 1087), 64-5

Constantinople, 183

Consumption, 234

Contagious Diseases in 19th cent., 201

Cook, James (1728-79), 170

Cope, E. D. (1840-97), 204

Copernicus, Nicholas (1473-1543), 88, 102

Coriander, 322

Corning, J. L. (1855-), 236

Cos, 8, 14

Cretinism, 304

Crile, G. W. (1864-), 237, 310-11

Crimean War (1854), 298

Crocus, 323

Curve of Error, 345-9

Cushing, Harvey (1869-), 236, 249

Cushny, A. R. (1866-1926), 329

Cuvier, Georges (1769-1832), 204

Cytology, 223

Cyto-Pathology, 223

Darwin, Charles (1809-82), 204, 227, 293

Datura stramonium, 322

Daviel, J. (1696-1762), 320

de Baillou, Guillaume (1538-1616), 96, 98-9

de Chauliac, Guy (1300-68), 76-7

Delirium, early case of, 25

Dementia praecox, 292

Democritus (c. 400 B.C.), 37

Demography, 188

de Mondeville, Henri (c. 1270-1320), 72, 74

Dengue, 272

Derosne, Charles (1780-1846), 326

Descartes, René (1596-1650), 39, 103-4, 127-9, 207-8, 355

Diabetes, 306

Diarrhoea, 347

Diderot, D. (1713-84), 131

Digestion, 146-8, 214-15

Digitalis (Foxglove), 323, 328

Dill, 322

Dioscorides, 43, 322

Diphtheria, 24, 185, 201, 253;

immunization, 262-7

Dispensary Movement, 178, 180

Dix, Dorothea Lynde (1802-87), 290

Donders, Frans Cornelis (1818-89), 319, 320

Dorians, the, 4

Dorpat, 328

Drugs, 95, 322-33

Ductless Glands, 302-8

Dürer, A., 83

Düsseldorf, 50

Dumas, Jean-Baptiste (1800-84), 326

Dysentery, 271, 330

Eberth, Karl Joseph (1835-1927), 258

Edinburgh, 235

Egyptian Civilization, 7

Egyptian Medical Papyri, 322

Ehrlich, Paul (1854-1915), 269, 330-1

Electricity, 149-51

Elements, the Four, 34, 124

Embryology, 30-2, 110, 117-18, 120-1, 204

Emetine, 330, 332

Emphysema, 158

Encyclopédie (1751-72), 130

Endotoxins, 260, 266

Entelechy, ix, x, 33, 356

Epicurus (342-270 B.C.), 37

Epidaurus, 11

Epidemics, 182-5, 198, 200-1, 342-50

Epidemiology, 138

Epileptics, 292

Erasistratus of Chios (c. 300 B.C.), 36, 37-40

Erysipelas, 239

Esquirol, Jean Étienne D. (1772-1840), 288-9

Ether, 235, 237

Evolution, Organic, 27, 31

—, theory of, 204

Exotoxins, 260, 266

Experimental Medicine, 211-19

Eye, the, and its Disorders, 313-22

Fabricius, Jerome, of Aquapendente (1537-1619), 109-11

‘Far Sight’, 316-18

Farr, W. (1807-83), 343-5

Fat, 311

Federal Health Service, 200

Fennel, 322

Fermentation, 225-8, 230, 239

Ferrier, D. (1843-), 211

Fevers, 67, 101, 169, 171-2, 174, 185, 194, 200-1, 243, 254-5, 258-9;

see also specific fevers (Malaria, Typhoid, Yellow, &c.)

Fliedner, Frederica (1800-42), 297

Fliedner, Theodor (1800-64), 297

Floyer, Sir J. (1649-1734), 159

Foxglove, see Digitalis

Fracastoro, Girolamo (1483-1553), 96, 98

Fractures, 246-8

Frankfurt, 330

Franklin, Benjamin (1706-90), 171

Freud, S. (1856-), 293

Fry, Elizabeth (1780-1845), 171, 297

Galbanum, 322

Galen of Pergamum (130-200), 1, 39, 50-3, 320;

his Medical System, 53-60;

in the Renaissance, 82-90

Galilei, Galileo (1564-1642), 103, 104-8, 108-9, 115, 135-6, 138, 159, 356

Galls, 323

Galvani, Luigi (1737-98), 149-51

Galvanism, 149-51

Gastric Juice, 148, 303

Gay-Lussac, Joseph (1778-1850), 326

Gegenbaur, Karl (1826-1903), 204

Geneva, 300

Gengou, O. (1875-), 269

Gentian, 323

Gerhard, William (1809-72), 258

Germ Origin of Disease, 224-37

Giessen, 205

Gilbert, W. (1544-1603), 103

Ginger, 323

Glands, Ductless, 302-8

Glasgow, 249

Glucosides, 327-8

Glycogen, 214

Godlee, Rickman (1849-1925), 248

Goitre, 303-4

Golden Bough, The, 12-13

Gorgas, William C. (1854-1920), 279

Gout, 99

Graefe, Albrecht von (1828-70), 320-1

Gravity, 136

Greek Medical Lore, 322

Greek Medicine, 1-13

Guayaquil, 273

Haffkine, Waldemar (1860-), 266

Hales, Stephen (1677-1761), 145-6, 147, 171, 180

Hall, Marshall (1790-1857), 207, 208

Haller, Albrecht von (1708-77), 139, 142-5, 151

Halley, Edmund (1656-1742), 167

Halsted, W. S. (1852-), 236, 248

Hartford, Conn., 237

Harvey, W. (1578-1657), 32, 103, 111-15, 135

Hashish, 322

Health of Towns Association (1840), 194

Heart, Aristotle on, 29, 31

Heberden, W., the elder (1710-1801), his Commentaries, 22

Helmholtz, Hermann von (1821-94), 213, 319-20

Herbs, 322-3

Hering, E. (1834-1918), 212

Herophilus of Chalcedon (c. 300 B.C.), 36-7

Hippocrates, 1, 8, 14-18, 102, 267, 342, 358-9

Hippocratic Collection, 9-10, 13-18, 22-3, 26, 95, 256, 342

Hippocratic facies, 26

Hippocratic Oath, 17-18

Hippocratic Practice, 18-26

Hippolytus, 11

Histology, 219, 222

Holmes, Oliver Wendell (1809-94), 237, 243

Hong Kong, 253

Hopkins, Sir Frederick Gowland, 311

Hormones, 307-8

Horsley, V. (1857-1916), 248

Hospital Gangrene, 239

Hospitals, 48-50, 77-81, 178-80, 198, 200

Howard, John (1726-90), 171, 180, 182

Humors, the Four, 34

Hunter, John (1728-93), 162, 165-6

Hunter, William (1718-83), 158, 165

Hunterian Museum, 166

Hygiene, 40, 169-72;

Roman, 45;

Medieval, 77-81;

18th cent., 174 sqq.;

19th cent., 192-203;

Tropical, 270 sqq.

Hyoscyamus, 323

Hypodermic Syringe, 329

Iatrochemistry, 127, 131-2

Iatrophysics, 127-31

Imhotep, 7, 8

Immunity, 184, 234, 252, 259-70, 276

Indian Hemp, 322

Indian Medicine, Early, 322

Industrial Revolution, 172-81

Infantile Paralysis, 270, 274

Infectious Diseases, 96, 98, 102, 201, 234-5, 358

Infirmaries, Roman, 49

Inflammation, 238-9

Influenza, 270, 280, 349, 359

Inoculation, 183-4, 261

Insanity, 286-93

Insulin, 306

Internal Medicine, 77, 95-102

Internal Secretions, 302-8

International Health Legislation, 193

International Red Cross Committee, 300

Invisible College, the, 124

Ionians, the, 4

Ipecacuanha, 95, 323, 330

‘Irregular Sight’, see Astigmatism

Isaac of Kairouan (852-952), 67, 70

Jackson, Hughlings (1834-1911), 211

Jamaica, 278

Jena, 220

Jenner, E. (1749-1823), 183

Johnson, Dr. (1709-84), 158

Jung, C. G. (1875-), 293-4

Juniper, 322

Justinian, Emperor, 46

Kaiserswerth, 297-8

Kalar-azar, 272

Kepler, Johannes (1571-1630), 103, 104, 136, 319

Kitasato, Shibasaburo (c. 1860-), 253, 257, 264, 266

Klebs, E. (1834-1913), 253

Klebs-Loeffler Bacillus, 253

Koch, Robert (1843-1910), 184, 202, 229-30, 232, 234, 249-51, 253, 321, 330

Kocher, T. (1841-1917), 303

Kölliker, Albrecht von (1817-1905), 222

Koronis, 11

Kymograph, the, 216-17

Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe (1781-1826), 160-1, 219

Laughing Gas, 237

Lavender, 323

Laveran, A. (1845-), 283

Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent (1743-94), 155-6, 205

Law, Reign of, 135-8

Lazarettos, 182

Lazear, 279

Leeuwenhoek, A. von (1632-1723), 39, 118, 120-1

Leipzig, 215

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1518), 83-5

Leprosy, 78-80, 98, 162, 271

Lesions, 157, 160

Licorice, 322

Liebig, Justus von (1803-73), 205-7, 225, 235, 326

Lind, James (1716-94), 170-1, 180-1

Linseed, 323

Leyden, 131, 139-42

Lister, Lord (1827-1912), 184, 229, 237-43, 248, 321, 336

Liverpool, 196

Lockjaw, see Tetanus, 256-8

Loeffler, Friedrich (1852-1915), 253

London Hospital, 178

Louisiana, 202

Louvain, 85

Ludwig, Karl (1816-95), 215-19

Lyons, 42

Macewen, William (1848-1926), 248-9

Magendie, François (1783-1855), 238, 326

Magic, 3, 16

Malaria, 174, 251, 271, 330;

history, 280-6

Male Fern, 323

Mallow, 323

Malpighi, Marcello (1628-94), 114, 116-20, 302

Malta Fever, 254-6, 268

Manson, Patrick (1844-1922), 283

Marburg, 215

Marine Hospital Service, 200, 201

Marjoram, 323

Marseilles, 42, 182

Massachusetts, 202, 235

Massage, 247, 248

Mather, Cotton (1663-1728);

Increase (1639-1723), 183

Mayo, Charles & William, 248

Mayow John (1645-79), 126, 151-2, 189

Mead, Dr. Richard (1673-1754), 183

Measles, 67, 252, 349, 359

Mechanics, 106, 122, 138

Medical Theorists in the Renaissance, 126-34

Medical Research Council, 197, 348

Medieval Medical Revival, 68-72

— Anatomy, &c., 72-7

— Hospitals and Hygiene, 77-81

Mendel, 222

Mercury, 162, 322, 325, 330

Mesopotamian peoples, 7

Metabolism, 107, 108, 220

Metschnikoff, Élie (1845-1916), 223

Mezger, Johann (1839-19-), 247

Michael Scot (d. 1235), 68

Michelangelo, 83

Microscope, 105, 115-22, 159

Microscopic Analysis, 115-22, 138

Midwives, 295

Milan, 81

Military Medicine, 169-70

Mill, J. S. (1806-73), 191

Ministry of Health, 197, 291

Minoans, the, 3-5

Mint, 322

Mitchell, S. Weir (1830-1914), 318

Mohl, Hugo von (1805-72), 220-1

Moivre, Abraham de (1667-1754), 167

Mondino di Luzzi (c. 1270-1326), 74, 76

Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley (1689-1762), 183

Montpellier, 74, 76

Morgagni, Giovanni Battista (1682-1771), 157-8

Morphine, 326

Morton, William Thomas Green (1819-68), 235

Mosquito Net, 45

Mosquitoes, 273-80

Müller, Johannes (1807-58), 28, 211-13, 356

Murphy, J. B. (1857-1916), 248

Mustard, 323

Mustelus laevis, 28-9

Myrrh, 322

Myxoedema, 304-5

Nägeli, Karl v. (1817-91), 221-2

Nature-Worship (Animism), 3, 12, 16

Natural Spirit, 56

Naval Medicine, 170-1

Near Sight, 317, 318

Nervous Integration, 308-11

Nestorians, the, 66

New York, 202, 248

Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), 104, 136-8, 186

Nightingale, Florence (1820-1910), 291, 298-301

Nîmes, 42

Noguchi, 273-5

Norfolk, Va., 198

Nursing, 180, 295-301

Nutrition, 311-13

Nux vomica, 322, 326

Obstetrics, 161-6, 236, 243

Oil of Wintergreen, 327

‘Old Sight’, 316, 319

Ophthalmic Surgery, 320-2

Ophthalmoscope, 213, 319, 321

Opium, 326

Owen, R. (1804-92), 204

Oxygen, 126, 154, 156, 189

Padua, 75, 86, 108, 110, 139, 157

Panama, 286

Pancreas, the, 215, 306, 325

Paré, Ambroise (1517-90), 92-4, 162, 247

Paris, 76, 85, 160, 288

Park, W. H. (1863), 266

Pasteur, Louis (1822-95), 148, 184, 202, 225-35, 239, 249, 253, 261, 321

Pathology, Medieval, 77;

Modern, 301-13;

Cellular, 219-24;

Comparative, 251-2

Pavia, 149

Peel, Sir Robert (1750-1830), 191

Pelletier, Pierre Joseph (1788-1842), 326

Percival, Thomas (1740-1804), 170-1, 180

Percussion, 160

Pergamum, 52

Pest Houses, 180, 181

Petty, Sir William (1623-87), 166-7, 169

Pflüger, E. F. W. (1829-1910), 205

Pharmacology, 323, 328-9

Philadelphia, 171-2, 258

Philip of Macedon, 27

Philosopher’s Stone, the, 124

Phlogiston, 132, 151-4

Phthisis, 341-3

Physical Synthesis, 102-8

Physiological Synthesis, 203-11

Physiology: of Galen, 56-60;

Medieval, 77, 129;

Renaissance, 95, 99, 100, 108-15;

Earlier 19th cent., &c., 207-19;

Modern, 122, 127, 138, 142-51, 301-13

Pinel, Philippe (1745-1826), 288

Pisa, 104, 105

Plague, 80-1, 182, 185, 200-1;

Bacilli of, 253-5;

Immunization, 266

Plaster of Paris, 246

Plato, 14, 27, 29

Plethora, 39

Pneumatism, 38, 56, 58

Political Economy, 166-7

Polypharmacy, 324

Poppy, 323

Population, 176

Post-mortems, 156-9

Pravaz, C. (1791-1853), 329

Preventive Medicine, 192-203

Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804), 154-5, 189-90

Pringle, Sir John (1707-82), 169-70, 171, 180

Prison Medicine, 171-2

Prophylaxis, 265

Proteids, 215

Proteins, 206, 311

Protoplasm, 221-2

Prout, W. (1785-1850), 148

Psyche, the, 31-3, 133

Psycho-analysis, 293-5

Psychology, 293-5

Ptomaine, 259

Ptolemy, 36, 40

Public Health, 192-203

Puerperal Fever, 243

Pulmonary Tuberculosis, 341-3

Pulse Watch, 159

Pulsimeter, 109

Putrefaction, 225-8, 231-2, 239

Pyaemia, 239

Qualities, the Four Primary, 33-4

Quarantine, 173, 182, 194, 197

Quetelet, Lambert (1796-1874), 168

Quinine, 281-2, 326, 330, 332

Radcliffe Infirmary, 296

Radiography, 245

Ragusa, 81

Raphael, 83

Réaumur, René Antoine de (1683-1757), 146-7, 148

Reed, W. (1851-1902), 279

Registration Act (1838), 195

Research, Method and Meaning of, 135

Respiration, 151-6, 205

Reymond, E. Du Bois-, (1818-96), 151

Rhazes of Basra (860-932), 67, 70

Rheumatism, 98, 358-9

Rhubarb, 323

Rickets, 181, 312, 313

Rochester, Minn., 248

Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad (1845-1923), 244-5

Röntgen Rays, 244-5

Rokitansky, Karl (1804-78), 158-9

Roman Empire: Medical Teaching, 41-4;

Medical Services, 45-8;

Hospitals, 48-50

Ross, Ronald (1857-), 283

Roux, Pierre (1853-), 263

Royal Society, 104, 118, 124, 167

Rush, Benjamin (1745-1813), 171-2

St. Luke, 63

St. Bartholomew I., 49, 51

St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, 178-9

St. Gall, 50

St. Thomas’s Hospital, 298

Salerno, 64-5

Salicin, 327

Salts of Copper, 322

Salts of Lead, 322

San Francisco, 201

Sanctorius (1561-1636), 107-9, 159

Sanitary Commission, 195

Sanitation, 45, 194

Saragossa, 42

Scarlet Fever, 185, 201, 270, 349

Schaudinn, Fritz (1871-1906), 331-2

Schick, B., 264

Schiff, Moritz (1823-90), 304

Schleiden, Matthias Jakob (1804-81), 219-20

Schmiedeberg, Oswald (1834-1921), 328

Schultze, M. (1825-74), 222

Schwann, T. (1810-82), 220-1

Scurvy, 170, 181, 313

Seamen’s Hospital Society, 198

Secretions, Internal, 302-8

Semmelweis, Ignaz (1818-65), 243

Septicaemia, 239

Serpent, Cult, 4-5, 8, 11

Sertürner, Adolf (1783-1841), 326

Sesame, 323

Sex organs, 306

Shaftesbury, 7th Earl (1801-85), 290

Shakespeare, William, 26

Shattuck, Lemuel (1793-1859), 202

Sherrington, Sir Charles, 309

‘Shock’, Nervous, 310-11

Sierra Leone, 276, 278

Sight, Deficient, 316-20

Simon, Sir John (1816-1904), 196-7

Simpson, Sir James Young (1811-70), 235

606, 332

Sleeping Sickness, 234, 272, 332

Sleepy Sickness, 272

Small-pox, 182-5, 198, 200, 261, 265, 343

Smith, Thomas S. (1788-1861), 171, 178, 193-6

Smyrna, 52

Spallanzani, Lazaro (1729-99), 147-8

Specialization, Scientific, 186-92, 359

Specific Energies, Law of, 212-13

Speculum matricis, 164

Spencer Wells, see Wells

Spencer Wells Forceps, 244

Spinal anaesthesia, 236-7

Spirochaeta pallida, 331-2

Spotted Fever, 269-70

Sprue, 272

Stahl, George Ernest (1660-1734), 132-3, 151, 288

Starling, E. H. (1866-1927), 308

Statistics, Medical, 334-50;

Vital, 166-8

Stavesacre, 323

Stethoscope, the, 160-1

Stoic Philosophy, 54

Stomach, Ruminant, 28

Storax, 323

Strychnine, 326

Sublimation, 294-5

Superstition, 3, 6

Suprarenal bodies, 306-7

Surgery: Greek, 49;

Medieval, 76-7;

Renaissance, 92-4;

18th cent., 161-6;

Modern, 243-9

Süssmilch, J. P. (1707-82), 167-8

Swammerdam, J. J. (1637-80), 39, 121-3, 140, 143

Switzerland, 303

Sydenham, Thomas (1624-89), 96, 100-2, 282, 342

Sylvius, Franciscus (1614-72), 131-2, 139, 148

Syphilis, 98-9, 162, 251, 269, 291, 330-2, 337

Telescope, the, 105

Temperaments, Four, 97

Terebinth, 323

Tetanus (Lockjaw), 23, 256-8, 260, 264, 265;

immunization, 266-7

Thaddeus of Florence (1223-1303), 72

Theophrastus (372-287 B.C.), 35

Thermometer, the, 108-9;

clinical, 159

Theseus, 12

Thessaly, 14

Thyroid Gland, 303-6, 325

Thyroxin, 305

Tiberius, Emperor (1st c.), 42

Tobacco, 95, 99, 323

Toulon, 182

Tours, 185, 253

Toxins, 259-60, 262-7, 330-3

Trachoma, 321-2

Tragacanth, 323

Trephining, 18-19, 20, 63, 64, 72

Tropical Diseases, 198

Tropical Hygiene and Medicine, 170, 270-86

Tuberculosis, 234, 250, 330, 359

Tübingen, 220

Tuke, W. (1732-1822), 288

Turpentine, 322

205, 332

Typhoid Fever, 185, 201, 258-61, 265;

immunization, 267-70;

death-rate, 271;

state, the, 25

Typhus, 98, 258-9, 271

United States, 171, 290;

Preventive Medicine in, 197-203;

Public Health Service (1912), 201;

Sanitary Commission, 300

Universities, Medieval, 70-2

Urea, 205, 214

Uterus, Aristotle’s nomenclature of, 28, 29

Utilitarian Philosophy, 190

Vaccination, 184

Vaccines, 261-2, 265, 266, 268, 325

Vaso-Motor Mechanism, 215

Venereal Disease, see Syphilis

Venice, 81

Ventilation, 146, 147

Vesalius, Andreas (1514-64), 85-92, 108, 135, 140

Vespasian, Emperor (1st cent.), 42

Victoria, Queen, 195

Vienna, 158, 160, 215, 236, 243

Virchow, R. (1821-1902), 222, 238, 253, 258, 264

Vital Spirit, 58

Vital Statistics, 166-8

Vitalism, 127, 132-3

Vitamins, 311-13

Volta, Alessandro (1745-1827), 149-50

Voltaic pile, 149

Waller, A. V. (1816-70), 238

Wassermann, August von (1866-), 269

Water, 156

Water Supply, 178

Wells, Horace (1815-45), 237

Wells, Thomas Spencer (1818-97), 243-5

Whooping Cough, 98

Widal, F. (1862-), 268

William of Saliceto (1215?-1280?), 72

Withering, W. (1741-99), 328

Wöhler, Friedrich (1800-82), 206, 214, 327

Wormwood, 323

Wright, A. (1861-), 223

Würzburg, 222

X-rays, 244-5, 247

Xavier, Marie François (1771-1802), 219

Yellow Fever, 172, 194, 198, 200, 201, 272;

history of, 273-80

Yersin, Alexandre (1863-), 253, 263

York, 288-9

Young, Thomas (1773-1829), 217, 319-20

Zürich, 215, 253, 294