INDEX

Abbott, James B: 204, footnote, 236, footnote

Abel, Annie Heloise: work cited in footnotes on pages 14, 57, 75, 85, 172, 183, 190, 226, 241, 260

Absentee Shawnees: 205, footnote

Acadians: removal of, 304, footnote

Adair, W. P: 268, footnote, 277, footnote, 326 and footnote

Adams, C. W: 333

Ah-pi-noh-to-me: 108, footnote

Aldrich, Cyrus: 225, footnote, 229, footnote

Alexander, A. M: 267, footnote

Allen's Battery: 146

Allen County (Kans.): 82, footnote

Aluktustenuke: 94, footnote, 108, footnote

Amnesty Proclamation: 322

Anderson, Mrs. Mabel Washbourne: work cited in footnotes on pages 127, 130, 138, 194, 197, 271, 272, 288

Anderson, S. S: 265, footnote

Arapahoes: 274, footnote

Arizona Territory: 61-62

Arkadelphia (Ark.): 261

Arkansans: circulate malicious stories about Pike, 160, footnote; lawless, 264; unable to decide arbitrarily about Indian movements, 326

Arkansas: regards McCulloch as defender, 15; Van Dora's requisition for troops, 25; Federals occupy northern, 34; Pike to call for aid, 36; attack from direction of, expected, 48; left in miserable plight by Van Dorn, 128; army men exploited Pike's command, 150; R.W. Johnson serves as delegate from, 175; R.W. Johnson becomes senator from in the First Congress, 176; Thomas B. Hanly, representative from, introduces bill for establishment of Indian superintendency, 176; disagreeable experiences of Indians in, 177; Pike recommends separation of Indian Territory from both Texas and, 179; unsafe to leave interests of Indian Territory subordinated to those of, 246; political squabbles in, 249, footnote; Indian Home Guards not intended for use in, 259; privilege of writ of habeas corpus suspended, 269; Blunt and Curtis want possession of western counties, 325

Arkansas and Red River Superintendency: 181; territorial limits, 177; officials, 177-178; restrictions upon Indians and white men, 178; Pike recommends organization, 179; Cooper seeks appointment as superintendent, 179

Arkansas Military Board: 15, 16

Arkansas Post (Ark.): loss of, 270

Arkansas River: mentioned, 165, 192, 194, 216, 268, footnote, 272, footnote, 295; Pike's headquarters near junction with Verdigris, 22; Pike to call troops to prevent descent, 36; Indian refugees reach, 85; Indians flee across, 135; Campbell to examine alleged position of enemy south, 136; Federals in possession of country north of, 198; Stand Watie and Cooper pushed below, 220; Phillips to hold line of, 251; Schofield desires control of entire length of course, 260; Blunt patrolling, 293; Stand Watie to move down, to vicinity of Fort Smith,

271, footnote; Osages, Pottawatomies, Cheyennes, and others to gather on, 274-275, footnote; natural line of defence, 315; seizure of supply boat on, 327

Arkansas State Convention: 16

Arkansas Volunteers: 60, footnote

Armstrong Academy (Okla.): meeting of Indian General Council at, 317; unfortunate delay of Scott in reaching, 320; Southern Indians renew pledge of loyalty to Confederate States at, 323

Army of Frontier: under Blunt, 196; regiments of Indian Home Guards part of, 196; encamps on old battlefield of Pea Ridge, 197; gradual retrogression into Missouri, 219, footnote; District of Kansas to be separated from, 248

Atchison and Pike's Peak Railway Company: 230

Atrocities: Pike charged with giving countenance to, 30-31, 31, footnote; degree of Pike's responsibility for, 32; repudiated by Cherokee National Council, 32-33; become subject of correspondence between opposing generals, 33; charged against Indians at Battle of Wilson's Creek, 34, footnote; forbidden by Van Dorn, 36; guerrilla, 44; influenced Halleck regarding use of Indian soldiers, 102; at Battle of Newtonia, 195; Blunts army accused of, 248, footnote; Stand Watie's men commit, 332

Badeau, Adam: work cited, 96, footnote

Baldwin, A.H: 235, footnote

Bankhead, S.P: given command of Northern Sub-District of Texas, 286; Steele applies for assistance, 290; fails to appear, 291; dissatisfaction with, 306, footnote

Barren Fork (Okla.): skirmish on, 312

Bartles, W.L: 237, footnote

Bass's Texas Cavalry: 276, footnote, 303, footnote, 306, footnote

Bassett, Owen A: 123, footnote

Bates County (Mo.): 58, 304, footnote

Baxter Springs (Kans.): location, 121, 125, footnote; Weer leaves Salomon and Doubleday at, 121; Indian encampment at, 125, 129; negro regiment sent to, 259, 284; commissary train expected, 291; massacre at, 304

Bayou Bernard: 163-164

Beauregard, Pierre G.T: devises plans for bringing Van Dorn east, 14, footnote, 34; Hindman takes command under order of, 127, 186, footnote, 190

Belmont (Kansas.): 274, footnote

Benge, Pickens: 132

Benjamin, Judah P: 22, 23, footnote, 24, footnote, 175, footnote

Bennett, Joseph: 269, footnote

Bentonville (Ark.): 29, 216

Big Bend of Arkansas: 73, footnote, 274, footnote

Big Blue Reserve: 235, footnote

Big Hill Camp: 237, footnote

Big Mountain: 148, footnote

Billy Bowlegs: 68, footnote, 108, footnote, 228, footnote

Biographical Congressional Directory: work cited, 59, footnote, 70, footnote

Bishop, Albert Webb: work cited, 219, footnote

Black Beaver Road: 67, footnote

Black Bob: 235, footnote, 236, footnote

Black Bob's Band: 204; to be distinguished from Absentee Shawnees, 204-205, footnote; lands raided by guerrillas, 205

Black Dog: 263, footnote

Blair, Francis P: 49

Blair, W.B: 290, footnote

Bleecker, Anthony: 41, footnote

Blue River (Okla.): 110

Blunt, James G: learns of designs of Drew's Cherokees, 33; avenges burning of Humboldt, 53; succeeds Denver at Fort Scott, 98; in command of reëstablished Department of Kansas, 106; reverses policy of Halleck and Sturgis, 106-107 and footnote; promotion objected to, 107, footnote; ideas on necessary equipment of Indian soldiers, 109; Weer reports on subject of Cherokee relations, 136; forbids Weer to make incursion into adjoining states, 139; orders white troops to support Indian Brigade, 192-193; in charge of Army of Frontier, 196; plans Second Indian Expedition, 196 and footnotes; promises to return refugees to homes, 196, footnote, 203; opinion touching profiteering, 208, 210-211; issue between, and Coffin, 210-211 and footnote; promises return home to refugee Cherokees, 213; vigorous policy, 218; achievements discounted by Schofield, 248, 249; accusation of brutal murders and atrocities, 248, footnote; makes headquarters at Fort Leavenworth, 249; wishes Phillips to advance, 254, 257; advancement of Schofield obnoxious to, 260; undertakes to go to Fort Gibson, 261, 286; in command of District of Frontier, 286; victorious at Honey Springs, 288-289; decides to assume offensive, 293; no faith in Indian soldiery, 294; transfers effects from Fort Scott to Fort Smith, 304; relieved by McNeil, 305; summoned to Washington for conference, 322 and footnote; restored to command, 324; controversy with Thayer, 324

Bob Deer: 68, footnote

Boggs, W.R: 286, footnote

Boggy Depot (Okla.): 162, 284, 295, footnote, 296 and footnote

Bogy, Lewis V: 235, footnote

Bonham (Texas): 302-303

Border Warfare: 16-17, 44

Boston Mountains: McCulloch and Price retreating towards, 26, footnote; to push Confederate line northward of, 192

Boudinot, Elias C: Cherokee delegate in Confederate Congress, 180; submits proposals to Cherokees, 279; active in Congress, 299, footnote; coadjutor of Cooper and relative of Stand Watie, 300; Steele forwards letter from, 307, footnote; Steele believes, responsible for opposition, 311; urges plan of brigading upon Davis, 317; suggests attaching Indian Territory to Missouri, 317, footnote, 318, 321, footnote; reports to Davis, 321

Bourland, James: 312, footnote

Bowman, Charles S: 108

Branch, H.B: 48, footnote, 51, footnote, 74, footnote, 116; charges against, 234, footnote

Breck, S: 324, footnote

Britton, Wiley: work cited in footnotes on pages 20, 22, 30, 35, 50, 51, 52, 55, 113, 118, 126, 131, 132, 146, 194, 196, 197, 198, 216, 218, 237, 249, 250, 257, 260, 271, 273

Brooken Creek (Okla.): 295, footnote

Brooks, William: 46, footnote, 47, footnote

Brown, E.B: 119, footnote, 127

Brown, John: 42, footnote

Browne, William M: 172, footnote

Bryan, G.M: 292, footnote

Buchanan, James: 41, 70, footnote

Buffalo Hump: 65, footnote

Burbank, Robert: 77, footnote

Bureau of Indian Affairs: created in Confederate War Dept, 172 and footnote

Burlington (Kans.): 80

Burns, Robert: 26

Bushwhackers: 125, 236, footnote, 239, footnote, 260, 266, footnote

Buster, M.W: 194, footnote

Cabell, A.S: 270, footnote

Cabell, W.L: 277, footnote, 284 and footnote, 287, 289, 292, 297

Cabin Creek (Okla.): 131, 283-286 and footnote, 332

Caddoes: reported loyal to U.S., 66, footnote; in First Indian Expedition, 115, footnote; encamped at Big Bend, 274, footnote

Calhoun, James S: 260, footnote

Camden Campaign (Ark.): 326-327

Cameron, Simon: 56, 60, footnote, 72

Camp Bowen: 219, footnote

Camp Imochiah: 288, footnote

Camp McIntosh: 112, 153

Camp Quapaw: 146

Camp Radziwintski (Radziminski?): 153

Camp Ross, 255

Camp Stephens: 32, 35

Campbell, A.B: 81

Campbell, W.T: sent to reconnoitre, 136; halts at Fort Gibson, 136

Canadian River: 129, 162, 164, 293, 327

Canby, E.R.S: 335

Cane Hill (Ark.): 28, footnote, 218

Cantonment Davis (Okla.): established as Pike's headquarters, 22; Indians gather at, 27; Cooper at, 169; Cooper's force flee to, 198

Carey's Ferry (Okla.): 192

Carey's Ford (Okla.): 126

Carney, Thomas: 211, footnote; named as suitable commissioner, 233, footnote

Carr, Eugene A: 30, footnote

Carriage Point: 111, footnote

Carrington, W.T: 296, footnote

Carruth, E.H: teacher among Indians, 59, 64, footnote; furthers plan for inter-tribal council, 69; suspected of stirring up Indian refugees against Coffin, 87-88 and footnote; refugee Creeks want as agent, 89; satisfied with appointment to Wichita Agency, 89; sent on mission, 122 and footnote, 133; in Cherokee Nation, 195, footnote; disapproves of attempting return of refugees, 209; Martin and, arrange for inter-tribal council, 273-275, footnote

Carter, J.C: 208, footnote

Cass County (Mo.): 304, footnote

Cassville (Mo.): 293

Century Company's War Book: work cited, 13, footnote

Central Superintendent: 116-117

Chapman, J.B: 222 and footnote, 229, footnote

Chap-Pia-Ke: 69, footnote

Charles Johnnycake: 64, footnote

Chatterton, Charles W: 214, footnote

Cherokee Brigade: 309

Cherokee country: 193, 194

Cherokee Delegate: 111, footnote, 180

Cherokee Expedition: 73, footnote

Cherokee Nation: 47, footnote, 74, footnote, 111, footnote; Clarkson to take command of all forces within, 130; future attitude under consideration, 133; Weer suggests resumption of allegiance to U.S., 134; Weer proposes abolition of slavery by vote, 134, footnote; intention to remain true to Confederacy, 135; cattle plentiful, 145; Hindman designs to stop operations of wandering mercantile companies, 156; maintenance of order necessary, 192; archives and treasury seized, 193; Carruth and Martin in, 195, footnote; Delaware District of, 197; deplorable condition of country, 217; Boudinot, delegate in Congress from, 299, footnote; Quantrill and his band pass into, 304

Cherokee National Council: ratifies treaty with Confederacy, 28, footnote; opposed to atrocities, 32-33; resolutions against atrocities, 33; assemblies, 255-256, legislative work, 256-257; Federal victory at

Webber's Falls prevents convening, 271 and footnote; passage of bill relative to feeding destitute Indians, 277, footnote; adopts resolutions commendatory of Blunt's work, 305, footnote; Stand Watie proposes enactment of conscription law, 329

Cherokee Neutral Lands (Kans.): 47, footnote, 53, 121, 125, footnote; refugee Cherokees collect on, 213; refugees refuse to vacate, 214; Pomeroy advocates confiscation of, 224; John Ross and associates ready to consider retrocession of, 231-232 and footnote

Cherokee Strip (Kans.): 79

Cherokee Treaty with Confederacy: ratified by National Council, 28, footnote; Indians stipulated to fight in own fashion, 32

Cherokees: unwilling to have Indian Territory occupied by Confederate troops, 15; civil war impending, 29; disturbances stirred up by bad white men, 47, footnote, 48; effect of Federal defeat at Wilson's Creek, 49; attitude towards secession, 63, footnote; in First Indian Expedition, 115, footnote; driven from country, 116; flee across Arkansas River, 135; exasperated by Pike's retirement to confines of Indian Territory, 159; outlawed, participate in Wichita Agency tragedy, 183; demoralizing effect of Ross's departure, 193; secessionist, call convention, 193; should be protected against plundering, 195, footnote; refugee, on Drywood Creek, 209, footnote, 213; repudiate alliance with Confederacy, 232; approached by Steele through medium of necessities, 276; charge Confederacy with bad faith, 279-281; asked to give military land grants to white men in return for protection, 279-281; Blunt thinks superior to Kansas tribes, 294; intent upon recovery of Fort Gibson, 311; troops pass resolution of reënlistment for war, 328-329

Chicago Tribune: 75, footnote

Chickasaw Battalion: 152, 155; Tonkawas to furnish guides for, 184, footnote

Chickasaw Home Guards: 184, footnote

Chickasaw Legislature: 306, footnote, 329, footnote

Chickasaw Nation: Pike arrested at Tishomingo, 200; funds drawn upon for support of John Ross and others, 215, footnote; Phillips communicates with governor, 323, footnote

Chickasaws: discord within ranks, 29; attitude towards secession, 63, footnote; delegation of, and Creeks, and Kininola, 65, footnote; plundered by Osages and Comanches, 207, footnote; refugee, given temporary home, 213; dissatisfied with Cooper, 265, footnote; disperse, 323

Chiekies: 66, footnote

Chillicothe Band of Shawnees: 236, footnote

Chilton, W.P: 173, footnote

Chipman, N.P: 207, footnote

Chippewas: 212

Choctaw and Chickasaw Battalion: 25, 32

Choctaw Battalion: 152, 155

Choctaw Council: considers Blunt's proposals, 302; disposition towards neutrality, 306, footnote; Phillips sends communication to, 323, footnote

Choctaw Militia: 311-312, 312, footnote

Choctaw Nation: Pike withdraws into, 110; Robert M. Jones, delegate from, in Congress, 299, footnote; proposed conscription within, 328

Choctaws: discord bred by unscrupulous merchants, 29; attitude

towards secession, 63, footnote; refugee, given temporary home, 213; waver in allegiance to South, 220; sounded by Phillips, 254; little recruiting possible while Fort Smith is in Confederate hands, 258-259; Steele entrusts recruiting to Tandy Walker, 265; no tribe so completely secessionist as, 290; protest against failure to supply with arms and ammunition, 301; proposals from Blunt known to have reached, 302; cotton, 308-309, footnote; bestir themselves as in first days of war, 311; principal chief opposes projects of Armstrong Academy council, 321; want confederacy separate and distinct from Southern, 321, footnote; do excellent service in Camden campaign, 326

Choo-Loo-Foe-Lop-Hah Choe: talk, 68, footnote; signature, 69, footnote

Chouteau's Trading House: 329, footnote

Christie: 305, footnote

Chustenahlah (Okla.): 79

Cincinnati (Ark.): 28, 35

Cincinnati Gazette: 58, footnote, 88, footnote

Clarimore: 238, footnote

Clark, Charles T: 82, footnote

Clark, George W: 158 and footnote

Clark, Sidney: 104, footnote

Clarke, G.W: 22

Clarkson, J.J: assigned to supreme command in northern part of Indian Territory, 129-130; applies for permission to intercept trains on Santa Fé road, 129, footnote; at Locust Grove, 131; surprised in camp, 131, footnote; made prisoner, 132; Pike's reference to, 158; placed in Cherokee country, 159, footnote

Clarksville (Ark.): 287-288, footnote

Clay, Clement C: 176, footnote

Cloud, William F: 193, 297

Cochrane, John: 56-57

Coffee, J.T: 113 and footnote, 125

Coffin, O.S: letter, 82 and footnote

Coffin, S.D: 208

Coffin, William G: testifies to disturbances among Osages, 46, footnote; pays visit to ruins of Humboldt, 54, footnote; plans for inter-tribal council, 69; orders countermanded for enlistment of Indians, 77; learns of refugees in Kansas, 80; compelled by settlers to seek new abiding-place for refugees, 86; refugees lodge complaint against, 87 and footnote; military enrollment of Indians conducted under authority of Interior Department, 105 and footnote; applies for new instructions regarding First Indian Expedition, 105; dispute with Elder, 116-117, 207, footnote; anxious to have Osage offer accepted by refugee Creeks, 207-208, footnote; disapproves of Blunt's plan for early return of refugees, 209; issue between Blunt and, 210-211; contract with Stettaner Bros. approved by Dole, 211, footnote; urges removal of refugees to Sac and Fox Agency, 212; visits refugee Cherokees on Neutral Lands, 213; details Harlan and Proctor to care for refugee Cherokees at Neosho, 214; drafts Osage treaty of cession, 229; suggests location for Indian colonization, 233; would reward Osage massacrers, 238, footnote; prevails upon Jim Ned to stop jayhawking, 274, footnote

Colbert, Holmes: 207, footnote

Colbert, Winchester: 184, footnote

Coleman, Isaac: 209

Collamore, George W: career, 87, footnote; investigation into condition of refugees, 87, footnote

Colorado Territory: likely to be menaced by Southern Indians, 61; conditions in, 61, footnote; recruiting officers massacred by Osages,

238, footnote; political squabbles in, 249, footnote; harassed by Indians of Plains, 320; made part of restored Department of Kansas, 321

Comanches: Pike's negotiation with, 63, footnote, 65, footnote, 173, footnote; peaceable and quiet, 112; this side of Staked Plains friendly, 153; Osages and, plunder Chickasaws, 207, footnote; reported encamped at Big Bend, 274, footnote

Confederates: disposition to over-estimate size of enemy, 30, footnote; defeat at Pea Ridge decisive, 34; should concentrate on saving country east of Mississippi, 34; retreat from Pea Ridge, 35; possible to fraternize with Federals, 44; victorious at Drywood Creek, 51-52; in vicinity of Neosho, 127; no forces at hand to resist invasion of Indian Territory, 147; defeat at Locust Grove counted against Pike, 161; Cherokee country abandoned to, 193; in possession as far north as Moravian Mission, 194; victory at Newtonia, 194-195 and footnotes; ill-success on Cowskin River and at Shirley's Ford, 197; flee to Cantonment Davis, 198; officers massacred by Osages, 237-238, footnote; grants to Indian Territory, 250; foraging and scouting occupy, 253; distributing relief to indigents, 258

Congress, Confederate: authorizes Partisan Rangers, 112; Arkansas delegates testify to Van Dorn's aversion for Indians, 148, footnote; act of regulating intercourse with Indians, 169; act for establishing Arkansas and Red River Superintendency, 177-178; concedes rights and privileges to Indian delegates, 299, footnote

Congress, United States: 71, 76, footnote, 86 and footnote, 99; circumstances of refugees well-aired in, 209; gives president discretionary power for relief of refugees, 209; Osages memorialize for civil government, 229 and footnote; act authorizing negotiations with Indian tribes, 231; decides to relieve Kansas of Indian encumbrance, 294

Connelley, William E: work cited, 42 and footnotes on pages 51, 101, 205, 239

Conway, Martin F: 72, footnote, 88, footnote, 107, footnote

Cooley, D.N: 205, footnote

Cooper, Douglas H: colonel of First Regiment Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles, 25; communicates with Pike, 29, footnote; objects to keeping Indians at home, 31, footnote; arrives at Camp Stephens, 32, 35; protects baggage train on way to Elm Springs, 35; recommends Indians as guerrillas, 112; ordered to repair to country north of Canadian River, 129, 154; orders Indian leaders to report at Fort Davis, 137; regiment goes out of service, 153; views on employment of Indians, 159 and footnote; Pike to hand over command to, 162; transmits Pike's circular, 167, 169; orders arrest of Pike, 169; calls for troops from all Indian nations, 174, footnote; seeks to become superintendent of Indian affairs, 179; appointment withheld because of inebriety, 181; to attempt to reënter southwest Missouri, 194; after Battle of Newtonia obliged to fall back into Arkansas, 197; under orders from Rains, plans invasion of Kansas, 197; defeated in Battle of Fort Wayne, 197-198; in disgrace, 198; Steele preferred to, 246; not ranking officer of Steele, 247, footnote, 300, footnote; force poorly equipped, 248, footnote;

apparently bent upon annoying Steele, 265; can get plenty of beef, 272; influences to advance, at expense of Steele, 278, 306 and footnote; orders Stand Watie to take position at Cabin Creek, 284-285; ammunition worthless at Honey Springs, 288; Boudinot and, intrigue together, 300; headquarters at Fort Washita, 303, footnote; manifests great activity in own interests, 303; Quantrill and band reach camp of, 304; plans recovery of Fort Smith, 309; opposed to idea of separating white auxiliary from Indian forces, 310; raises objection to two brigade idea, 316; Boudinot and, advise formation of three distinct Indian brigades, 317; placed in command of all Indian troops in Trans-Mississippi Department on borders of Arkansas, 319; declared subordinate to Maxey, 319; begins work of undermining Maxey, 333-334

Cooper, S: 29, footnote, 128, footnote

Corwin, David B: 144

Corwin, Robert S: 231, footnote

Cottonwood River (Kans.): 85, footnote

Cowskin Prairie (Mo. and Okla.): Stand Watie's engagement at, 113; encampment on, 119, 120, footnote; affair at, erroneously reported as Federal victory, 119, footnote; Round Grove on, 126; scouts called in at, 138

Cowskin River: 197

Crawford, John: 48, 214, footnote

Crawford, Samuel J: work cited, 101, footnote, 194, footnote, 197, footnote; at Battle of Fort Wayne, 197

Crawford Seminary: 46, 50

Creek and Seminole Battalion: 25

Creek Nation: 62, footnote, 111, footnote; Clarkson to take command of all forces within, 130; Pike negotiates treaty with, 173, footnote

Creeks: delegation of, and Chickasaws and Kininola seek help at Leroy, 65, footnote; desert Opoeth-le-yo-ho-la, 76, footnote; constitute main body of refugees in Kansas, 81; compose First Regiment Indian Home Guards, 114 and footnote; company authorized by Pike, 173, footnote; refugee, offered home by Osages, 207 and footnote; refugee, given temporary home by Sacs and Foxes of Mississippi, 213; unionist element attempts tribal re-organization, 228; views regarding accommodation of other Indians upon lands, 233; Senate ratifies treaty with, 234; reject treaty, 235; Phillips sounds, 254; Phillips learns that defection has begun, 256; refuse to charge, 272; nature and extent of disaffection among, 272-273 and footnote; address Davis, 278; bad conduct complained of by Steele, 285, footnote; inevitable effect of Battle of Honey Springs upon, 290; Blunt's offensive and Steele's defensive, 301; proposals of Blunt known to have reached, 302; disperse among fastnesses of mountains, 323

Cross Timber Hollow (Ark.): 30, footnote

Currier, C.F: 67, footnote

Curtis, Samuel R: in charge of Southwestern District of Missouri, 26-27; estimate of number of troops contributed by Pike, 30, footnote; instructed to report on Confederate use of Indians, 33, footnote; victory at Pea Ridge complete, 34; surmise with respect to movements of Stand Watie and others, 120, footnote; resents insinuations against military capacity of Blunt and Herron, 249; Lane opposed to Gamble, Schofield, and, 249, footnote; regrets sacrifice of red men

in white man's quarrel, 250; calls for Phillips to return, 259; succeeded by Schofield, 260; in command of restored Department of Kansas, 321; arrives at Fort Gibson, 324

Cutler, George A: council held at Leroy by, 62, footnote; at Fort Leavenworth, 74, footnote; ordered by Lane to transfer council to Fort Scott, 74, footnote; reports Opoeth-le-yo-ho-la in distress, 76, footnote; refugees complain of treatment, 87; approves of early return of refugees, 209; calls Creek chiefs to consider draft of treaty, 233

Dana, Charles A: 126, footnote, 324, footnote

Danley, C.C: 15

Davis, Jefferson: work cited, 14, footnote; urged to send second general officer out, 15-16; McCulloch's sacrifice of Confederate interests in Missouri reported to, 18; unfavorable to Price and to his method of fighting, 18-19; report of Pike submitted to, 21; Cooper, in name of, orders Ross to issue proclamation calling for fighting men, 137; correspondence with Pike, 167-168; recommends creation of bureau of Indian affairs, 172; appoints Pike diplomatic agent to Indian tribes, 173, footnote; signs bill for establishment of southern superintendency, 176; Pike makes important suggestions to, 179; offers explanation for non-payment of Indian moneys, 179, footnote; inconsistentcy of, 187; refusal to accept Pike's resignation, 190; orders adjutant-general to accept Pike's resignation, 200; lack of candor in explaining matters to Holmes, 269; Creeks address, 278; replies to protest from Flanagin, 287, footnote; opposed to surrendering part to save whole, 297, footnote; considers resolutions of Armstrong Academy council, 317; addresses Indians through principal chiefs, 318 and footnote; objects making Indian Territory separate department, 318-319; knowledge of economic and strategic importance of Indian Territory, 331

Davis, John S: 80, footnote

Davis, William P: 80, footnote

Dawson, C.L: 150, footnote, 152, 153, 154, footnote

Deitzler, George W: 97, footnote

Delahay, M.W: 222, footnote

Delaware Reservation (Kans.): location, 206; store of Carney and Co. on, 211, footnote

Delawares: interview of Dole with, 77, footnote; in First Indian Expedition, 113, footnote, 115, footnote; from Cherokee country made refugees, 116, 206; wandering, implicated in tragedy at Wichita Agency, 183; eager to enlist, 207; request removal of Agent Johnson and Carney and Co. from reservation, 211, footnote; wild, involved in serious trouble with Osages, 274, footnote

Democratic Party: 47, footnote

De Morse, Charles: 266, footnote, 330, footnote

Denver, James W: career, 70; popular rejoicing over prospect of recall, 72, footnote; learns of presence of refugees in Kansas, 80; assigned by Halleck to command of District of Kansas, 97; Lane and Pomeroy protest against appointment, 97; later movements, 98 and footnote; coöperates with Steele and Coffin to advance preparations for First Indian Expedition, 102; removal from District of Kansas inaugurated "Sturgis' military despotism," 104

Department no. 2: 19

Department of Arkansas: 322

Department of Indian Territory: Pike in command, 20; relation to other military units, 21; Pike deplores absorption of, 151; Pike's appointment displeasing to Elias Rector, 181, footnote; created at suggestion from Pike, 189

Department of Kansas: Hunter in command, 27, 61, 70; consolidated with Department of Missouri, 96; reëstablished, 106 and footnote; Blunt assigned to command, 106, 118; restored, Curtis in command, 321

Department of Mississippi: 96, 105

Department of Missouri: Halleck in command, 27, 61; consolidated with Department of Kansas, 96

Department of Mountain: 96

Department of Potomac: 96

Department of West: 27, 61

De Smet, Father: 234

De Soto (Kans.): 236, footnote

Dickey, M.C: 226 and footnote

District of Arkansas: Hindman in command, 192; Price in command during illness of Holmes, 299, footnote; Price succeeds Holmes, 326

District of Frontier: Blunt in command, 286; McNeil relieves Blunt, 305; Schofield institutes investigation, 305, footnote

District of Kansas: Denver assigned to command of, 97; Sturgis assigned to, 98; checks progress of First Indian Expedition, 105; Schofield advises complete separation from Army of Frontier, 248; re-constituted with headquarters at Fort Leavenworth, 249

District of Texas: 306, footnote, 318, footnote

Dole, R.W: 74, footnote, 114, footnote

Dole, William P: 53, footnote, 54, footnote; absent on mission to West, 60; submits new evidence of serious state of affairs among Indians, 61; authority of U.S. over Indians to be maintained, 61; Lane's plans appeal to, 72-73; disappointed over Stanton's reversal of policy for use of Indian troops, 76; countermands orders for enlistment of Indians, 77; warned that army supplies to refugees to be discontinued, 83; Coffin and Ritchie apply for new instructions regarding First Indian Expedition, 105-106; reports adversely upon subject of Lane's motion, 223; motives considered, 225; submits views on Pomeroy's project for concentration of tribes, 230, footnote; undertakes mission to West, 234; treaties made by, 234 et seq.; detained by Delawares and by Quantrill's raid upon Lawrence, 238-239 and footnote; negotiates with Osages at Leroy, 239 and footnote; treaties impeachable, 241

Dorn, Andrew J: mentioned, 263, footnote, 264, footnote; avowed secessionist, 47, footnote

Doubleday, Charles: 114, footnote; colonel of Second Ohio Cavalry, 118; Weer to supersede, 119; proposes to attempt to reach Fort Gibson, 119; desirous of checking Stand Watie, 119; indecisive engagement on Cowskin Prairie, 119 and footnote; ordered not to go into Indian Territory, 120; left at Baxter Springs by Weer, 121

Downing, Lewis: 231, footnote, 255, 256

Drew, John: dispersion of regiment, 24, 132; movements of men at Pea Ridge, 32; finds refuge at Camp Stephens, 35; authorized to furlough men, 111, footnote; regiment stationed in vicinity of Park Hill, 111, footnote; desires

Clarkson placed in Cherokee country, 159, footnote

Drywood Creek (Kans.): Federal defeat at, 51 and footnote; Price breaks camp at, 52, footnote; fugitive Indians on, 195, footnote, 209, footnote; Cherokee camp raided by guerrillas, 213-214

Du Bose, J.J: 288, footnote

Duval, B.G: 266, footnote

Dwight's Mission: 217

East Boggy (Okla.): 296

Eaton, Rachel Caroline: work cited, 257, footnote

Echo Harjo: 278, footnote

Edgar County (Ill.): 84, footnote

Edwards, John Newman: work cited in footnotes on pages 14, 151, 194, 198

Elder, Peter P: 48, footnote, 204; makes Fort Scott headquarters of Neosho Agency, 50; disputes with Coffin, 116-117, 207, footnote; prevails upon Ottawas to extend hospitality to refugees, 213, footnote; suspicious of Coffin, 229

Elk Creek (Okla.): Kiowas select home on, 153; Cooper encamps on, 287, footnote

Elkhorn Tavern (Ark.): 30 and footnote

Ellithorpe, A.C: 105, footnote, 115, footnote, 131, footnote; with detachment at Vann's Ford, 144; disapproves of attempting to return refugees at early date, 209-211 and footnote; complains of Opoeth-le-yo-ho-la, 219, footnote; opinion about Indian Home Guards, 251

Elm Springs (Ark.): 35

El Paso (Tex.): 48

Emancipation Proclamation: Frémont's, 57; Lincoln's, 234

Evansville (Ark.): 28

Ewing, Thomas: 304, footnote, 321, footnote

"Extremists": 305, footnote

Fairhaven (Mass.): 31, footnote

Fall River (Kans.): 79, 81, 82, footnote, 84-85, 273, footnote

False Wichita (Washita) River (Okla.): 153

Farnsworth, H.W: 205, footnote, 236, footnote

Fayetteville (Ark.): 28, footnote, 256; battle of, 218, footnote

Federals: early encounter with, anticipated by Van Dorn, 20; expulsion from Missouri planned by Van Dorn, 26; drive back Confederates under McCulloch and Price, 26; disposition to over-estimate number of enemy, 30, footnote; attempt to recover battery seized by Indians at Leetown, 31; in occupation of northern Arkansas, 34; defeat at Wilson's Creek, 49; defeat at Drywood Creek, 51-52 and footnote; showing unwonted vigor on northeastern border of Cherokee country, 112, footnote; flight, 113, footnote; Stand Watie on watch for, 130; defeat in Battle of Newtonia, 194-195 and footnotes; direct efforts towards arresting Hindman's progress, 218; grants to Indian Territory, 250; foraging and scouting, 253; in possession of Fort Smith, 290; Steele places drive from Fort Smith to Red River, 311; fail to pursue Stand Watie, 312

First Choctaw Regiment: under Col. Sampson Folsom, 152; ordered to Fort Gibson, 155; men unanimously reënlist for duration of war, 328; demands, 328

First Creek Regiment: commanded by D.N. McIntosh, 25; men gather at Cantonment Davis, 27; two hundred men gather at Camp Stephens, 32; about to make extended scout westward, 112; under orders to advance up Verdigris toward Santa Fé road, 152

First Indian Brigade: 327

First Indian Expedition: had beginnings in Lane's project, 41; revival of interest in, 99; Denver, Steele, and Coffin coöperate to advance, 102; arms go forward to Leroy and Humboldt, 102; time propitious for, 103; policy of Sturgis not yet revealed, 103-104; Steele, Denver, and Wright in dark regarding, 103, footnote; Steele issues order against enlistment of Indians, 105; vigor restored by re-establishment of Department of Kansas, 106; orders for resuming enlistment of Indians, 106-107; organization proceeding apace, 113 and footnote; outfit of Indians decidedly inferior, 117; Weer appointed to command of, 117 and footnote; Doubleday proposed for command of, 118; existence ignored by Missourians, 119, footnote; destruction planned by Stand Watie and others, 120 and footnote; Weer attempts to expedite movement, 121; special agents accompany, 121-122 and footnote; component parts encamp at Baxter Springs, 125; First Brigade put under Salomon, 125; Second Brigade put under Judson, 125; advance enters Indian Territory unmolested, 126; forward march and route, 126; Hindman proposes to check progress, 129; march, 130; delicate position with respect to U.S. Indian policy, 134; troubles begin, 138; supplies insufficient, 138; in original form brought to abrupt end, 143; Pike's depreciatory opinion, 164 and footnote; Osages join conditionally, 207 and footnote; Gillpatrick serves ends of diplomacy between John Ross and, 271

First Kansas: 97, footnote

First Missouri Cavalry: 113

First Regiment Cherokee Mounted Rifles: commanded by John Drew, 25; joins Pike at Smith's Mill, 28; movements and conduct at Pea Ridge, 32; iniquitous designs, 33; stationed in vicinity of Park Hill, 111, footnote; defection after defeat at Locust Grove, 132

First Regiment Choctaw and Chickasaw Mounted Rifles: commanded by Cooper, 25; gathers at Camp Stephens, 32; goes out of service, 153; two companies post themselves in upper part of Indian Territory, 155; eight companies encamp near Fort McCulloch, 155; fights valiantly at Battle of Newtonia, 194

Flanagin, Harris: 270, footnote, 287, footnote

Folsom, Sampson: 152, 155

Folsom, Simpson N: 152

Foreman, John A: 144, 284, 285

Formby, John: work cited, 19, footnote

Fort Arbuckle (Okla.): 15, 60, footnote, 184 and footnote

Fort Blunt (Okla.): 260

Fort Cobb (Okla.): 15, 60, footnote, 112, 153, 275, footnote; about to be abandoned by Texan volunteers, 173, footnote; McKuska appointed to take charge of remaining property, 174, footnote

Fort Davis (Okla.): Campbell discovers strong Confederate force at, 136; Cooper orders Indians to report at, 137; many of buildings destroyed by order of Phillips, 220 and footnote, 254

Fort Gibson (Okla.): Pike's headquarters not far from, 22; Choctaw troops guard road by Perryville towards, 112; Hindman orders Pike to establish headquarters at, 128, footnote; Campbell halts at, 136; Weer inclined to wander from straight road to, 139; newly-fortified, given name of Fort Blunt, 260; Blunt undertakes to go to,

261; Cooper learns of approach of train of supplies for, 272, footnote; Creeks obliged to stay at, 273, footnote; Phillips despatches Foreman to reënforce Williams, 284; Steele's equipment inadequate to taking of Fort Gibson, 286, 290-291; Phillips continues in charge at, 305; Cherokees intent upon recovery, 311; Phillips to complete fortifications at, 325; rapid changing of commands at, 333, 335

Fort Larned (Kans.): 112, 152

Fort Leavenworth (Kans.): 73, footnote, 123, footnote; protected, 45; Prince in charge at, 55; troops ordered to, 60, footnote; Hunter stationed at, 69, footnote; arms for Indian Expedition to be delivered at, 100

Fort Lincoln (Kans.): 52

Fort McCulloch (Okla.): constructed under Pike's direction, 110; Pike to advance from, 119, footnote; Pike's force at, not to be despised, 128; Cherokees exasperated by Pike's continued stay at, 159; Pike departs from, 162

Fort Roe (Kans.): 80, 85

Fort Scott (Kans.): 213, 214; Lane at, 45, 51; chief Federal stronghold in middle Southwest, 46; temporary headquarters for Neosho Agency, 50; abandoned by Lane in anticipation of attack by Price, 52; Indian council transferred to, 74, footnote; Blunt succeeds Denver at, 98; tri-weekly post between St. Joseph and, 116; supply train from, waited for, 126; Indians mustered in at, 132; Weer cautioned against allowing communication to be cut off, 138-139; Phillips's communication with, threatened, 272; Steele plans to take, 286

Fort Smith (Ark.): Drew's Cherokees marching from, to Fayetteville, 28, footnote; troops ordered withdrawn from, 60, footnote; Choctaw troops watch road to, 112; indignation in, against Pike, 158; martial law instituted in, 162, footnote; attempt to make permanent headquarters for Arkansas and Red River Superintendency, 176-177; plans to push Confederate line northward of, 192; conditions in and around, 247, 269, footnote; Phillips despairs of Choctaw recruiting while in Confederate hands, 258-259; Steele takes command at, 261; door of Choctaw country, 290; becomes Blunt's headquarters, 304; Steele expects Federals to attempt a drive from, to Red River, 311; included within restored Department of Kansas, 321; dispute over jurisdiction of, 324; included within re-organized Department of Arkansas, 325; Indian raids around, 331

Fort Smith Papers: work cited, 150, footnote

Fort Towson (Okla.): 330

Fort Washita (Okla.): 15, 60, footnote, 303, footnote

Fort Wayne (Okla.): in Delaware District of Cherokee Nation, 197; battle of, October 22, 1862, 197, 211, 216, 249

Fort Wise (Colo.): 152

Foster, R.D: 47, footnote

Foster, Robert: 47, footnote

Foulke, William Dudley: work cited, 43, footnote

Fourteenth Kansas Cavalry: 322

Fourteenth Missouri State Militia: 113

Fourth Kansas Volunteers: 117, footnote

Franklin County (Kans.): 50, footnote

Frémont, John C: removal of, 13; sends out emergency call for men, 48; failure to support Lyon, 49; no coördination of parts of army

of, 56; emancipation proclamation, 57; put in charge of Department of Mountain, 96

Frontier Guards: 45, footnote

Fuller, Perry: 88 and footnote, 211, footnote, 212, 233

Furnas, Robert W: 105, footnote; letter to Dole, 107-108; becomes ranking officer in field, 143; made commander of Indian Brigade, 144

Gamble, Hamilton R: 119, footnote, 249, footnote, 260

Gano, Richard M: 306, footnote, 332

Gano's Brigade: 306, footnote

Garland, A.H: 148, footnote, 270, footnote

Garland, Samuel: 312, footnote, 321

Gillpatrick, Doctor: sent under flag of truce to Ross, 135; bearer of verbal instructions, 193, 217, footnote; death, 271

Granby (Mo.): lead mines, 20; abandoned, 20, footnote; plan for recovery, 194

Grand Falls: 47, footnote

Grand River (Okla.): 284; Cowskin Prairie on, 119; Second Indian Home Guards to examine country, 126; Salomon places Indians as corps of observation on, 142, 144;

Grand Saline (Okla.): 112, 131, footnote, 139

Grayson County (Texas): 190

Great Father: 46, footnote, 240-241, footnote, 272-273, footnote

Greene, Francis Vinton: work cited, 14, footnote

Greenleaf Prairie (Okla.): 272

Greeno, H.S: 136, 137

Greenwood, A.B: 222, footnote

Guerrillas: Indian approved by Pike, 22 and footnote, 112; not present in Sherman's march, 44; Halleck interested in suppression of, 101; operations checked by Hindman in Indian Territory, 194; Quantrill and, raid Black Bob lands and Olathe, 205; policy of Confederate government towards, 205, footnote; attacks disturb Shawnees, 236, footnote; raid Cherokee refugee camp on Drywood Creek, 213-214; everywhere on Indian frontier, 260; perpetrate Baxter Springs Massacre, 304; are recruiting stations in certain counties of Missouri, 304, footnote

Hadley, Jeremiah: 236, footnote

Halleck, Henry W: in command of Department of Missouri, 27; plans for Denver, 71; disparaging remarks, 75, footnote; probable reason for objecting to use of Indians in war, 75, footnote; in charge of Department of Mississippi, 96; Lincoln's estimate of, 96; instructed regarding First Indian Expedition, 100; opposed to arming Indians, 101; interested in suppression of jayhawkers and guerrillas, 101; well rid of Kansas, 106, footnote; disregard of orders respecting Indian Expedition, 109; calls for men, 259

Hallum, John: work cited, 149, footnote

Halpine, Charles G: 96

Hanly, Thomas B: 176

Hardin, Captain: 276, footnote

Harlan, David M: 232, footnote

Harlan, James: 214 and footnote

Harper's Ferry Investigating Committee: 226-227

Harrell, J.M: work cited in footnotes on pages 23, 149, 188, 190, 194, 249, 251, 284, 289

Harris, Cyrus: 63, footnote

Harris, John: 207, footnote

Harris, J.D: 152

Harrison, J.E: 267, footnote

Harrison, LaRue: 259

Harrisonville (Mo.): 55

Hart's Company: 266, footnote

Hart's Spies: 153

Hay, John: work cited in footnotes on pages 41, 45, 96

Hébert, Louis: 34

Helena (Ark.): 283

Henning, B.S: 207, footnote

Herndon, W.H: 214, footnote

Herron, Francis J: 249, 260

Heth, Henry: 19

Hindman, Thomas C: 119, footnote; appointment, 127, footnote; assumes command of Trans-Mississippi District, 128, 186; disparagement of Pike's command, 128, footnote; orders Pike's white auxiliary to move to Little Rock, 147; begins controversy with Pike, 156; starts new attack upon Pike, 161; justification for treatment of Pike, 162; impossible to be reconciled to Pike, 163; withdraws approval of Pike's resignation, 169; placed in charge of District of Arkansas, 192; appears in Tahlequah, 193; summoned by Holmes, 194; instructed to let Pike go free, 200; resorts to save expense, 247; recall demanded by Arkansas delegation, 270; associates appraised by, 270, footnote; asks for assignment to Indian Territory, 270, footnote; feeds indigents at cost of army commissary, 307

Hitchcock, E.A: 98, footnote

Ho-go-bo-foh-yah: 82

Holmes, Theophilus H: 127, footnote, 166, footnote; appointed to command of Trans-Mississippi Department, 187; develops prejudice against Pike, 188; grants Pike leave of absence, 190; real reasons for unfriendliness to Pike, 198-199; orders arrest of Pike, 199; forced to concede Indian claim to some consideration, 200; command placed under supervision of Kirby Smith, 269; relations with Hindman, 269; displacement demanded by Arkansas delegation, 270; Price commands in District of Arkansas during illness, 299, footnote; not friend of Steele, 311

Honey Springs (Ark.): 288

Horse Creek (Mo.): 145

Horton, Albert W: 230, footnote

Hoseca X Maria: 65, footnote

Hubbard, David: 172, footnote

Hudson's Crossing (Okla.): 126, 143

Humboldt (Kans.): 69, 79; proposed headquarters of Neosho Agency, 52; sacked and burnt by marauders, 53; Coffin's account of burning of, 54, footnote; Kansas Seventh ordered to give relief to refugees, 82, footnote; Kansas Tenth at, 82, footnote; Jennison with First Kansas Cavalry at, 99, footnote

Hunter, David: falls back upon Sedalia and Rolla, 13, 26; in command of Department of Kansas, 27, 65-66; Lane places men at disposal, 41, footnote; guards White House, 45, footnote; appointment distasteful to Lane, 66-69; stationed at Fort Leavenworth, 69, footnote; orders relief of refugees, 73, footnote; issues passes to Indian delegation, 73, footnote; interviewed at Planter's House in St. Louis, 74, footnote; friction between Lane and, 74-76; suggests mustering in of Kansas Indians, 74-75, footnote; Halleck's strictures upon command, 75, footnote; sends relief to refugees, 81; warns that army supplies to refugees must cease, 83; relieved from command, 96; troubles mostly due to local politics, 97

Hutchinson, C.C: 55, footnote, 212, 213, footnote

Illinois Creek: battle of, 218, footnote

Illinois River: 28, 312

Indian Alliance with Confederacy: conditioned by stress of

circumstances, 134; Creeks and Choctaws disgusted with, 254; Cherokee National Council revokes, 256; Indians fear mistake, 273-274; effect of Battle of Honey Springs upon, 290; strengthened by formation of Indian league, 317; revitalized by Maxey's reforms, 326

Indian Confederacy: formed by Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks, Seminoles and Caddoes, 317; Choctaws want separate from Southern, 321, footnote

Indian Brigade: formed, 144; scouting of component parts of, 145-146; white troops ordered to support of, 192-193; Phillips given command, 249; integral parts, 249, 250, footnote; assigned service, 250; regarded by Phillips as in sad state, 251

Indian Delegation: 62, footnote, 73, footnote, 74, footnote; Dole interviewed in Leavenworth, 94; Osage wants conference with Great Father, 240, footnote; Creek, confers with Steele, 262, footnote; Davis disregards, 318 and footnote

Indian Home Guards: Fifth Regiment, 219 and footnote; First Regiment, Furnas, colonel commanding, 107, 143; muster roll, 108-109, footnote; composed of Creeks and Seminoles, 114; ordered to take position in vicinity of Vann's Ford, 144; demoralization, 145; component part of Phillips's Indian Brigade, 249; composed mainly of Creeks, 251; fought dismounted at Honey Springs, 288; Fourth Regiment, 219 and footnote; Second Regiment, 125; Third Regiment, formation, 132; Phillips commissioned colonel of, 132; detachment at Fort Gibson, 144; engagement, 163-164, 194, 197; component part of Phillips's Indian Brigade, 249; largely Cherokee in composition, 252; innovations introduced into, 252; part placed at Scullyville, 325

Indian Protectorate: 175

Indian Indigents: 247, 262, 307-308 and footnote

Indian Refugees: Opoeth-le-yo-ho-la and his men, 79; numbers justified use of Indian soldiery, 79; numbers exaggerated, 81, 209 and footnote; destitution, 81; Dr. Campbell ministers to needs, 81-82; Seventh Kansas gives relief, 82, footnote; Coffin describes pitiable state, 82 and footnote; Snow furnishes details of destitution of Seminole, 83, footnote; army supplies to be discontinued, 83; Kile made special distributing agent, 84; much-diseased, 85; hominy, chief food, 85, footnote; Neosho Valley selected as suitable place for, 86; complain of treatment, 87; Collamore and Jones investigate condition, 87, footnote; unwilling to remove to Sac and Fox reservation, 88 and footnote; Creek request appointment of Carruth as agent, 89; manifest confidence in Lane's power, 94; unassuaged grief, 95; subsistence becomes matter of serious moment, 99; Congress applies Indian annuity money to support of, 99; want to assist in recovery of Indian Territory, 99; to furnish troops for First Indian Expedition, 100; Halleck opposed to arming of, 101; Blunt advises early return to own country, 136; numbers increase as result of Salomon's retrograde movement, 146, footnote, 203; Blunt promises to restore to homes, 196, 203; of Neosho Agency, 204-207 and footnotes; Creek offered home by Osages, 207 and footnote; conditions among, 208; Cherokee on Drywood Creek, 209; distributed over Sac and Fox Agency,

212-213; collect on Neutral Lands, 213 and footnote; camp of Cherokee raided by guerrillas, 213-214; Harland and Proctor to look out for, at Neosho, 214; claim of Sacs and Foxes against Creek, 235, footnote; Phillips's reasons for returning to homes, 258; at Neosho returned to homes, 273 and footnote; cattle stolen, 274, footnote; on return journey preyed upon by compatriots, 332

Indian Representation in Confederate Congress: 180, 279, 298-299, footnote

Indian Soldiers (Confederate): as Home Guard, 23-24; as possible guerrillas to prey upon Kansas, 23 and footnote; as corps of observation, 25; refuse to move until paid, 27; conduct at Battle of Pea Ridge, 30-33; not included in Van Dorn's scheme of things, 35; Van Dorn orders return to own country, 35; order to cut off supplies from Missouri and Kansas, 35-36; may be rewarded by Pike, 36; Pike's report on activity, 112; Hindman's appraisement, 128, footnote; stigma attaching to use, 148, footnote; organized in military way for own protection, 159; do scouting, 163; Smith to raise and command certain, 173, footnote; Pike to receive five companies from Seminoles, 173, footnote; Leeper to enlist from Reserve tribes, 173-174, footnote; Cooper calls from all Indian nations, 174, footnote; as Home Guard, 189; privations and desertions, 200; threw away guns at Battle of Honey Springs, 288; recruiting, 317, 319; results under best conditions, 326-327; consider reënlistment, 328; recognition of services, 330

Indian Soldiers (Federal): feasibility of, 50, 57; Frémont and Robinson not in favor of, 57; Hunter suggests making, out of Kansas tribes, 74-75, footnote; Stanton refuses to employ, 76 and footnote; use justified, 79; economy, 99; to form larger part of First Indian Expedition, 100; Halleck opposed to, 101, 102; Dole instructs officers to report at Fort Leavenworth, 102, footnote; necessary equipment, 109; final preparations, 121; appearance, 123 and footnote; excellent for scouting, 125; at Locust Grove, 131, footnote; accused of outrages committed by white men, 135, footnote; do scouting, 163; tribute of praise for, 195, footnote; made part of Army of Frontier, 196; diverted to service in Missouri, 196; desertions, 203 and footnote; do well at Cane Hill and Prairie Grove, 218-219; disposed to take leave of absence, 252; to help secure Indian Territory, 294; negro regiment compared with Indian, 295

Indian Springs (Ga.): treaty, 255, footnote

Indian Territory: McCulloch expected to secure, 15; included within Trans-Mississippi District, 20; troops of, 25; Pike to endeavour to maintain, 36; attack, from, expected, 48; Frémont calls for aid, 48; situation delicate, 59-60; left destitute of protection, 60; Hunter's suggestion, 75, footnote; first refugees from, 79; "home," 93; early return promised, 94; expeditions to recover, projected, 95 and footnote; refugees want to recover, 99; Stand Watie returns into, 113; Carruth and Martin to take note of conditions in, 122 and footnote; Pike's force for defence of, exclusively, 129; Indian Brigade holding its own there, 146; Pike's Indian force ordered to northern

border, 148; Pike attempts justification of retirement to southern part, 151; Pike declares Indian officers peers of white, 158-159; defence regarded by Pike as chief duty, 159; strategic importance not unappreciated by Confederate government, 171; attached for judicial purposes to western district of Arkansas, 177; Confederate government fails to carry out promise, 177, footnote; Pike advises complete separation of, 179; Scott to investigate conditions in, 181; Pike returns to, 190; included within District of Arkansas, 192; guerrilla warfare in, suppressed, 194; Federals in undisputed possession of, 198; Holmes exploiting, 199; Indian alliance valuable, 201; Absentee Shawnees expelled from, 205, footnote; Blunt advises speedy return of refugees, 209; Confederates plan recovery, 218; Lane introduces resolution for adding, to Kansas, 223; Dole objects to regular territorial form of government in, 223; Kansas tribes willing to exchange lands for homes in, 227; project for concentration of tribes in, 230, footnote; negotiations for removal of Kansas tribes to, 231; depletion of resources, 245, 247; organized as separate military command, 245 and footnote; troops to be all unmounted,## 247; advertised as lost to Confederate cause, 250; conception of responsibility to, 253; Phillips's plans for recovery not at present practicable, 257; strategic importance unappreciated by Halleck and Curtis, 259; Curtis to take consequences of giving up 259; privilege of writ of habeas corpus suspended in, 269; Hindman asks for assignment to, 270, footnote; is mere buffer, 276; Cooper poses as friend of, 278, 300; Creeks complaint to Davis, 279; Confederate operations confined to attacks upon supply trains, 283; removal of all Kansas Indians to, 294; roads and highways in, 295-296, footnote; necessary to Confederacy, 298, footnote; Scott enters, 300; command devolved upon Cooper, 303; made distinct from Arkansas, 303; Magruder wants attached to District of Texas, 306, footnote; war measures applied to, 308-309; Maxey in command of, 311; Indian Home Guards only Federal forces in, 312; granary of Trans-Mississippi Department, 315; Boudinot's suggestions regarding, 317, footnote; council requests be made separate department, 318; Davis objects, 318-319; included within restored Department of Kansas, 321; Phillips starts upon expedition through, 322; Price asks for loan of troops from, 326; strategic importance of, 331; scandalous performances in, 333

Indian Trust Funds: 173-174

Indians of Plains: regarding alliance with, 320, 335; harass Kansas and Colorado, 320 and footnote, 335

Interior Department: 73, footnote, 105 and footnote; profiteering among employees, 208; Lane and Wilder make request, 230, footnote

Inter-tribal Council: at Leroy, 62-69, footnotes; Lane's plans for at headquarters, 69; Leroy selected as the place for, 69; sessions of, 69-70; Hunter's plans for, at Fort Leavenworth, 70, 74, footnote; Lane orders transfer to Fort Scott, 74, footnote; at Belmont, 237, footnote; at Armstrong Academy, 317, 320, 323

Iola (Kans.): 88, footnote; Doubleday concentrates near, 120, footnote; Osages advance as far as, 207 footnote

Ionies: 274, footnote

Iowas: 77, footnote

Ironeyes: 115, footnote

Iroquois: 79

Jackson, Claiborne: 16, 17, 50, footnote

Jackson County (Mo.): 304, footnote

Jacksonport (Ark.): 25

Jan-neh: 109, footnote

Jayhawkers: 41, footnote, 97, 101, 251, 266, 268, footnote, 269, 273, footnote

Jayhawking Expedition: 73, footnote 274, footnote

Jennison, C.R: 50, footnote, 52, footnote 99, footnote, 104, footnote

Jewell, Lewis R: 131

Jim Ned: 274, footnote

Jim Pockmark: 65, footnote

John Jumper: in command of Creek and Seminole Battalion, 25; on side of Confederacy, 62, footnote; ordered to take Fort Larned, 112; Seminole Battalion in motion toward Salt Plains, 152; honour conferred upon, by Provisional Congress, 174, footnote; renegade members from Seminole Battalion of, involved in tragedy at Wichita Agency, 183; loyal to Pike, 200; member of delegation to Davis, 318, footnote; Phillips sends communication to, 323, footnote

John Ross Papers: work cited, 28, footnote

Johnson and Grimes: 308, footnote

Johnson, F: 207 and footnote, 211

Johnson, Robert W: 24, footnote, 25, footnote, 175, 176

Johnson County (Kans.): 204, 235, footnote

Johnston, Albert Sidney: 14, footnote, 19 and footnote, 26

Joint Committee on Conduct of War: 33, 33, footnote

Jones, Evan: 64, footnote, 73, footnote; investigates conditions among refugees, 87, footnote; accompanies Weer, 121; entrusted with confidential message to John Ross, 121-122; pleads for justice to Indians, 225 and footnote; offers to negotiate about Neutral Lands, 231

Jones, J.T: 213, footnote

Jones, Robert M: 180 and footnote

Jon-neh: 108, footnote

Jordan, A.M: 214, footnote

Jordan, Thomas: 128, footnote

Journal of the Confederate Congress: work cited in footnotes on pages 172, 173, 174, 175, 278

Judson, William R: 134; in charge of Second Brigade of First Indian Expedition, 125

Kansans: fighting methods, 17, 44; implacable and dreaded foes of Missouri, 18; fears attack from direction of Indian Territory, 48; profiteering among, 208; covet Indian lands, 221, 224

Kansas: Indians on predatory expeditions into, 23; Indians to form battalion, 23, footnote; Indians to cut off supplies from, 35-36; bill for admission signed by Buchanan, 41; exposed to danger, 45; troops called to Missouri, 48; Price has no immediate intention of invading, 52; Indian enlistment, 57; likely to be menaced by Southern Indians, 61; Territory, 70; refugees afflicted sorely, 93; desire to recover Indian Territory, 95; Halpine makes derogatory remarks about, 96; not desired in Halleck's command, 96, footnote; revolution to have been expected, 104, footnote; Pike's Indians to repel invasion of Indian Territory from, 148; Pike tries to prevent cattle-driving to, 173, footnote; failure of corn crop in southern part, 209; people want refugees removed from southern, 212; refugees

plundering in, 218; resolution for extending southern boundary, 223; proposition to confederate tribes of Nebraska and of, 227; negotiations begun to relieve, of Indian encumbrance, 228; project to concentrate tribes of, in Indian Territory, 230, footnote; negotiations with tribes of, 231; political squabbles, 249, footnote; Wells's command on western frontier, 267, footnote; stolen property brought into, 273, footnote; Steele plans to invade, 286; advisability of making raid considered, 320; Stand Watie contemplates an invasion, 332 Kansas Brigade: See Lane's Kansas Brigade Kansas Legislature: 42, 71, footnote, 225 Kansas Militia: 50, footnote Kansas River: 206 Kansas Seventh: 82, footnote Kansas-Nebraska Bill: 17, 44 Kansas Tenth: 82, footnote Kaws: 226, 236 and footnote Kaw Agency (Kans.): 55, 205 Kechees (Keeches?): 115, footnote Ke-Had-A-Wah: 65, footnote Keith, O.B: 230 Ketchum, W. Scott: 119, footnote Kickapoos: reported almost unanimously loyal to U.S, 66, footnote; in First Indian Expedition, 115, footnote; implicated in tragedy at Wichita Agency, 183; fraudulent negotiation with, 230 and footnote; confer with Carruth, 274, footnote Kile, William: special agent to refugees, 84; refuses appointment as quartermaster, 115, footnote; misunderstanding with Ritchie, 115, footnote; estrangement between Coffin and, 208 and footnote; resignation, 208, footnote; advises speedy return of refugees, 209 Killebrew, James: 50, footnote King, John: 269, footnote Kininola: 65, footnote Kiowas: 112; select home on Elk Creek, 153; friendly, 153, footnote; confer with Carruth, 274, footnote Knights of Golden Circle: 111, footnote

Lane, H.S: 146, footnote Lane, James Henry: character, 41, 56; enthusiasm, 41, 49; influence with Lincoln, 41-42; elected senator from Kansas, 42; accepts colonelcy and begins recruiting, 43; not to be taken as type, 45; redoubles efforts for organizing brigade, 49; empowered to recruit, 50; conceives idea of utilizing Indians, 50, 57; abandons Fort Scott, 52; throws up breastworks at Fort Lincoln, 52; proceeds to seek revenge in spite of Robinson's opposition, 55; burns Osceola, 55; attitude towards slavery, 56; suggests re-organization of military districts on frontier, 58; disconcerted by appointment of Hunter, 66-69; plans for inter-tribal council, 69; Denver had measured swords with, 70; control over Federal patronage in Kansas, 71; nominated brigadier-general, 71; friction between Hunter and, 74-76; instructed by anti-Coffin conspirators, 88, footnote; protests to Lincoln against appointment of Denver, 97; succeeds in preventing appointment of Denver, 98; responsible for Blunt's promotion, 107, footnote; Phillips appointed on staff, 126, footnote; endorses request of Agent Johnson, 207, footnote; introduces resolution for extending southern boundary of Kansas, 223; denounces Stevens as defaulter, 226, footnote; opposed to Gamble, Schofield, and Curtis, 249, footnote; belongs to party of

Extremists, 305, footnote; requests that Blunt be summoned to Washington for conference, 322, footnote

Lane, W.P: 266, footnote

Lane's Kansas Brigade: 41, 43, 49, 51, 58, 59, 71; relation to Hunter's command, 72 and footnote; marauding committed, 75, footnote; prospective Indian element dispensed with, 77

Lawler, J.J: 204, footnote

Lawrence (Kans.): 62, footnote, 73, footnote; Quantrill's raid upon, 238, footnote; Dole detained by raid upon, 239

Lawrenceburg (Ind.): 43, footnote

Lawrence Republican: 58, footnote

Leased District (Okla.): 181-182, 198

Leavenworth Daily Conservative: 58, footnote

Lee, Robert E: 186, footnote, 187

Lee, R.W: 307, footnote

Leeper, Matthew: authorized to enlist men, 173, footnote; departs for Texas, 183; murder, 183

Leetown (Ark.): 30, 31

Leroy (Kans.): 86, 229, 239 and footnote; arrangements for keeping cattle, 54, footnote; Lane builds stockades, 55; council held by Cutler at, 62, footnote; substituted for Humboldt as place for council, 69; sessions of council, 69-70; Indian Brigade left, for Humboldt, 115, footnote; Weer returns to, 121; some Quapaws at, 204, footnote; Osages at, 207; Blunt thinks refugees not properly cared for, 215; Dole negotiates with Osages at, 239 and footnote

Lexington (Mo.): 52, footnote, 55

Limestone Gap: 111, footnote

Limestone Prairie: 328

Lincoln, Abraham: 71, 72 and footnote, 211, footnote; suggests Hunter's falling back, 13; calls for volunteers, 41; approached by Phelps and Blair, 49; popularity asserted, 54, footnote; fears Frémont's supineness, 56; Lane urged to seek interview with, 58; appointment of Cameron mistake, 60; attention solicited by Dole, 61; sickness in family, 76, footnote; refugees appeal to, 87 and footnote; estimate of Halleck, 96; protests to, against appointment of Denver, 97; wires Halleck to defer assignment of Denver, 97-98; responsible for Blunt's promotion, 107, footnote; Ross to intercede with, 192, footnote; inquires into practicability of occupying Cherokee country, 216; selects Schofield to succeed Curtis, 260; Amnesty Proclamation distributed among Indians, 322

Lindsay's Prairie: 216

Linn County (Kans.): 101, footnote

Lipans: 274, footnote

Little Arkansas River: 275, footnote

Little Bear: 240, footnote

Little Bear Band of Osages: 238, footnote

Little Blue River (Okla.): 151, footnote

Little Boggy (Okla.): 112

Little Osage River: 45, 52

Little Rock (Ark.): 36, 63, footnote, 190; Van Dorn assumes command at, 25; Hindman assumes command at, 128; Hindman orders Pike to move part of forces to, 147; Scott endeavours to interview Holmes in, 299

Livermore, William Roscoe: work cited in footnotes on 260, 269, 270

Locust Grove (Okla.): skirmish at, 33, 131-132; Clarkson's commissary captured at, 138; defeat of Confederates at, counted heavily against Pike, 161

Lo-ka-la-chi-ha-go: 109, footnote

Lo-ga-po-koh: 109, footnote

Long Tiger: 103, footnote

Longtown Creek (Okla.): 295, footnote

Louisiana: portion included within Trans-Mississippi District, 20; requisition upon, for troops, 25; portion included within Trans-Mississippi Department, 192 and footnote; western, detached from Trans-Mississippi Department, 246

Love, William DeLoss: work cited in footnotes on pages 118, 138

Lower Creeks: 62, footnote

Lyon, Nathaniel: work to be repeated, 14; insight into Indian character, 48; death, 49

McClellan, George B: 13, 75, footnote, 96

McClish, Fraser: 62, footnote

McCulloch, Ben: refuses to coöperate with Price, 14, 56; takes position in Arkansas, 15; relations with leading Confederates in Arkansas and Missouri, 16; little in common with Price, 17; indifference towards Missouri, 18; proceeds to Richmond to discuss matters in controversy, 19; driven back into northwestern Arkansas, 26; death, 31, 34; had approved of using Indians against Kansas, 31, footnote; commission from, found on John Matthews, 54, footnote; had diverted Pike's supplies, 147-148

McCulloch, Henry E: in command of Northern Sub-district of Texas, 302; opinion of conditions in Indian Territory, 306, footnote

McCurtain, J: 312, footnote

McDaniel, James: 231, footnote

McDonald, Hugh: 173, footnote

McGee's Residence: 47, footnote

McIntosh, Chilly: 25, 62, footnote, 152

McIntosh, D.N: colonel in command of First Creek Regiment, 25; arrives at Camp Stephens, 32; under orders to advance up Verdigris toward Santa Fé road, 152; conduct as commander, 285, footnote; commanded First and Second Creek at Honey Springs, 288

McIntosh, James: 29, footnote; death, 31, 34; defeated Opoeth-le-yo-ho-la in Battle of Chustenahlah, 79

McIntosh, Unee: 62, footnote

McIntosh, William: 255, footnote

Mackey's Salt Works (Okla.): 325

McNeil, John: 297 and footnote, 305

Magazine Mountains: 266, footnote

Magruder, John Bankhead: to command Trans-Mississippi Department, 186; delay, 186, footnote; appointment, rescinded, 187; orders Bankhead to Steele's assistance, 291-292; proposes consolidation of commands for recovery of Forts Smith and Gibson, 302; tries to deprive Steele of white force, 306, 311, footnote; wants Indian Territory attached to Texas, 306, footnote

Manypenny, George W: 221

Marmaduke, John S: 251, 327

Marston, B.W: 329, footnote

Marque and Reprisal Law: 21

Martial Law: 162 and footnote

Martin, George W: work cited, 59, footnote

Martin, H.W: entrusted with mission by Coffin, 122 and footnote, 133; opinion regarding refugees, 209, 217-218; arrangements for inter-tribal council, 273, footnote

Martin's Regiment: 308, footnote

Marysville (Okla.): 112

Matthews, John: incensing Osages and Cherokees against U.S. government, 47, footnote; death, 53 and footnote; had commission from McCuIloch, 54, footnote

Maxey, Samuel B: assigned to command of Indian Territory, 311; project for sweeping reforms, 315 and footnote; delivers address at Armstrong Academy council, 320

and footnote; thinks Indians best adapted for irregular warfare, 326; coöperates with Price willingly, 326-327; rulings, 329-330, footnote; sets up printing-press for propaganda work, 330; speaks in own defense, 334; superseded by Cooper, 334

Maysville (Ark.): 131, 197

Maremec River (Mo.): 27

Methodist Episcopal Church South: 236, footnote

Mexican War: 70; Roane's conduct in, criticised by Pike, 149

Mexico: Lane in, 42, footnote; teams hauling cotton to, 266, footnote

Miamies: 77, footnote

Mico Hatki: 62, footnote, 64, footnote, 108, footnote, 234

Middle Boggy (Okla.): 152, 296

Miles, W. Porcher: 278, footnote

Mills, James K.: 113

Mississippi River: 14, footnote, 26, footnote, 34, 268, footnote

Missouri: 17, 173, footnote; decisive result of Battle of Pea Ridge, 13; expected Confederacy to force situation for her, 18; requisition upon, for troops, 25; relief planned by Van Dorn, 26, 34; Indians to cut off supplies from, 35; fight for, on border, 43-44; troops from Kansas called to, 48; Denver served in, 70; activity of secessionists, 110; Payton, senator from, 176, footnote; Hindman and others plan to reënter southwest, 194, 218; Delaware Reservation not far distant from, 206; Martin refuses to consider refugees living upon impoverished people of, 217-218; political squabbles in, 249, footnote; Watie succeeds in entering southwestern, 312; Boudinot suggests arrangements for, 317, footnote

Missouri Commandery: work cited, 148, footnote

Missouri River: 53

Missouri State Guard: 17, 158

Missouri State Guards: Eighth Division, 130, footnote

Missourians: customary fighting methods during period of border warfare, 17, 44; refugee, in Lane's Kansas Brigade, 51; inroads resented by various tribes, 77, footnote; intent upon ignoring First Indian Expedition, 119, footnote; battalion of, at Locust Grove, 131

Mitchell, Robert B: appointment by Robinson, 46, footnote; raises volunteers to go against Indians, 46, footnote; needed by Halleck, 101 and footnote

Mix, Charles E: 52, footnote, 60, 208, footnote

"Moderates": 304, footnote

Mograin, Charles: 207, footnote, 241, footnote

Moneka: 46, footnote

Montgomery, James: 15 and footnote, 45, 53, footnote

Moonlight, Thomas: 322

Moore, Charles: 206, footnote

Moore, Frank: work cited in footnotes on pages 83, 84, 135, 184, 257, 287

Moore, Thomas O: 192, footnote

Moravian Mission: 194

Morgan, A.S: 291, footnote, 293

Morton, Oliver P: 43 and footnote

Moty Kennard: footnotes on pages 62, 65, 262, 278, 302, 320

Mundy Durant: 235, footnote

Munsees: 212

Muskogee (Okla.): 288

Murrow, J.S: 162, footnote

Napier's Peninsular War: Pike's study of, 163

Nebraska Territory: 227, 231

Neosho (Mo.): defeat of Federals at, 113; Ratliff despatched to, 127; Cherokee refugees removed from Drywood Creek to, 214, 217, 218; refugees at, 257, footnote, 273 and footnote

Neosho Agency: headquarters, 46, 50, 52; tribes included within, 48; in great confusion, 115-116; changes in location of, 116-117

Neosho Falls (Kans.): 213

Neosho Valley: suitable place for refugees, 86; refugees object to leaving, 88; Steele plans to replenish resources from, 286; Stand Watie makes daring cavalry raid into, 312

New Albany: 80, footnote

New England Relief Society: 87, footnote

New Mexico: 61, 113, 152, 238, footnote

Newton, Robert C: 266, footnote

Newton County (Mo.): 47, footnote

Newtonia (Mo.): battle of, 194-195 and footnotes

New York Indian Lands: 79; intruded upon by white squatters, 80, 85; refugees upon, 79, 85; controversy over, 85, footnote; Dole makes treaty concerning, 235-236

New York Tribune: 31, footnote, 126, footnote, 226

Nicolay, John G: 42, footnote

Nineteenth Regiment of Arkansas Volunteers: 150, footnote

Ninth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry: 119, footnote; Frederick Salomon, colonel, 118; part attached to First Brigade of First Indian Expedition, 126

North, The: 42, footnote, 171, 245; indifference towards West, 43; reconstruction measures in favor of, 228; Indian Territory came too late into reckonings of, 250

North Fork of the Canadian (Okla.): 173, footnote

North Fork Village (Okla.): 173, footnote

Northern Sub-District of Texas: 286, 302

Ock-tah-har-sas Harjo: 228, footnote; elected principal chief by refugee Creeks, 89; addresses "Our Father," 233

Office of Indian Affairs: prompt action needed, 47, footnote; approval sought, 52; appeal to War Department for restoration of military force in Indian Territory, 60; Carruth, special agent of, accompanies First Indian Expedition, 122 and footnote; agents ignored by military men of First Indian Expedition, 133 and footnote; profiteering among employees, 208; Wattles sent out by, 226; not yet prepared to treat with John Ross for retrocession of Neutral Lands, 231

Oh-Chen-Yah-Hoe-Lah: 69, footnote

Oke-Tah-hah-shah-haw Choe: talk, 66, footnote

Olathe (Kans.): 205

Old George: 203

Oldham, Williamson S: 157 and footnote, 176, footnote

Opoeth-le-yo-ho-la: 24, 63, footnote, 73, footnote, 76 and footnote, 79; defeated by McIntosh in Battle of Chustenahlah, 79; lodges complaint against Coffin, 87; friends oppose election of Ock-tah-har-sas Harjo as principal chief, 89; interviews Lane, 94; Coffin talks with, on subject of Indian Expedition, 102-103, footnote; wants "wagons that shoot," 117; Creeks under, offered home by Osages, 207 and footnote, 229; Ellithorpe complains of, 219, footnote; death, 234

Osage County (Kans.): 80

Osage Nation: 47, footnote

Osage Reservation (Kans.): exposed condition of, 55; refugees cross, 79; intruders upon, 222 and footnote; owners unwilling to cede part of, 229-230

Osage River: 27

Osages: 252; bad white men interfering with, 46; disturbances

among, 46, footnote, 47, footnote; Mitchell schemes to negotiate treaty with, 47, footnote; offer assistance to U.S., 49; John Matthews, trader among, 53, footnote; loyalty asserted, 54, footnote; Coffin to coöperate with Elder in negotiating with, 87-88, footnote; attempt to persuade enlistment for First Indian Expedition, 115, 207; approached for cession of lands, 116, 222; abandon Confederate cause, 121; Weer promotes enlistment of, 121; service rendered by, 207, footnote; offer home to Creeks, 207 and footnote, 229, 237-238; memorialize Congress, 229; disgusted with Coffin's draft of treaty of cession, 229; Dole makes treaty with, 235, 239 and footnote; massacre of Confederate officers, 237-238, footnote; council of Great and Little, 237, footnote; unfair advantage taken by representatives of U.S. government, 238; terms of Dole's treaty with, 239, footnote; makes propositions to Dole, 240-241, footnote; Dorn reported to have funds for, 264, footnote; Jim Ned's band involved in serious difficulties with, 274, footnote; invited to inter-tribal council, 274-275, footnote

Osceola (Mo.): Lane burns, 55

Ottawas: included within Sac and Fox Agency, 212; receive refugees upon certain conditions, 212-213; extend further hospitality to refugees, 213, footnote

Pagy, A.T: 65, footnote

Park Hill (Okla.): Pike tarries at, 28; Drew's regiment stationed near in, footnote; Greene sent with detachment to Tahlequah and, 136; Blunt's expeditionary force reaches, 193; Phillips has camp at, 258

Parke County (Ind.): 80, footnote

Parks, R.C: 113, footnote

Parks, Thomas J: 248, footnote

Parsons, Luke F: 285

Partisan Rangers: authorized by Confederate government, 112; W.P. Lane's company of Texas, 266, footnote

Paschal Fish: 205, footnote, 236, footnote

Pascofa: 62, footnote

Patton, James: 47, footnote

Pawnee Fork: 112

"Paw Paws": 304, footnote

Payton, R.L.Y: 176, footnote

Pea-o-pop-i-cult: 65, footnote

Pearce, N. Bart: 16, 22, 156, 158

Pea Ridge (Ark.): 13, 29, 34, 36, 197

Pegg, Thomas: 256

Pelzer, Louis: work cited, 260, footnote

Peorias: 77, footnote

Perryville (Okla.): 112, 295-296

Pheasant Bluff (Okla.): 271, 327

Phelps, John S: 49, 199-200

Phil David: 68, footnote

Phillips, James A: 126, footnote

Phillips, William A: 126, 321; footnote; biographical sketch, 126, footnote; commissioned colonel of Third Indian, 132; forces engage with those of Stand Watie, 163-164; Indians under, fought well in Battle of Newtonia, 194, 195, footnote; reconnoissances, 218; orders buildings at Fort Davis destroyed, 220, footnote; given command of Indian Brigade by Blunt, 249; reports Indian Brigade in sad state, 251; large view of responsibilities to Indian Territory, 253; makes overtures to Indians, 254; expostulates against delay in attempting recovery of Indian Territory, 257; reasons for returning refugees, 258; moves over border, 258; communication with Fort Scott threatened, 272; continues in charge at Fort Gibson, 305; Indian Home

Guards under, only Federal troops left in Indian Territory, 312; undertakes extended expedition through Indian Territory, 322; gives own interpretation to Lincoln's Amnesty Proclamation, 322-323; differences between Blunt and, 325; removed from command at Fort Gibson, 333; restored to command, 335

Phisterer, Frederick: work cited in footnotes on pages 30, 288

Piankeshaws: 77, footnote

Pickett Papers: work cited in footnotes on pages 171, 172, 175

Pike, Albert: 128; assigned to command of Department of Indian Territory, 20; report submitted to Davis, 21; report to be found in U.S. War Department, 21, footnote; makes headquarters at Cantonment Davis, 22; anxious to save Indian Territory for South, 22-23; ordered to join Van Dorn with Indians, 27; becomes ranking officer in field, 31; criticism in New York Tribune, 31, footnote; authorizes Indian fighting at Pea Ridge, 32; rejoins army at Cincinnati, 35; receives orders from Maury, 36; talk with Comanches, 65, footnote; negotiations with Upper Creeks, 66, footnote; negotiations with Seminoles, 68, footnote; intrenches himself at Fort McCulloch, 110; report on Indian military activity, 112; ordered to send more important of forces to Little Rock, 147; protests against orders of May 31 and June 17, 154-156; objects to appointment of Pearce, 156; reports grievances to Randolph, 156; Cherokees exasperated by stay at Fort McCulloch, 159; letter to Stand Watie, 159, footnote; John Ross complains of, 160; prepares resignation, 161; indites conciliatory letter to Hindman, 162-163; student of art of war, 163; publishes circular address to Southern Indians, 165; effect of circular, 166 and footnote; correspondence with Davis, 167-168; arrested by Cooper, 169; entered upon diplomatic career as agent of Confederate State Department, 171-172 and footnote; exceeded instructions in assuming financial obligations, 174, footnote; considers remuneration, 175, footnote; makes important recommendations to Davis, 179; applies to Holmes for leave of absence, 190; resignation, 191 and footnote; reënters Indian Territory, 198; rumors of conspiracy with unionists in Texas, 199; arrested, 200; sums up grievances in letter to Holmes, 201, Appendix; Kirby Smith attempts to reëmploy for service among Indians of Plains, 201, 335; Steele takes umbrage at published statement, 286, footnote

"Pins": 193, 268, footnote

Planter's House: 74, footnote, 94, footnote

Pocahontas (Ark.): 25

Poison Spring (Ark.): battle of, 326-327

Pomeroy, Samuel C: 41, footnote; elected senator from Kansas, 42; John Brown's opinion of, 42, footnote; endorses principle underlying Frémont's emancipation proclamation, 56-57 instructed by anti-Coffin conspirators, 88, footnote; protests against appointment of Denver, 97; succeeds in preventing appointment of Denver, 98; responsibility for Blunt's promotion, 107, footnote; advocates confiscation of Cherokee Neutral Lands, 224; recommends concentration of tribes of West in Indian Territory, 230, footnote; in company of Dole at Leroy, 239, footnote

Pontiac: 31, footnote

Portlock, E.E: 329, footnote

Poteau River (Okla.): 297, footnote

Pottawatomies: 234 and footnote, 274-275, footnote

Prairie Creek (Ark.): 216

Prairie d'Ane (Ark.): 326

Prairie Grove (Ark.): battle of, 218 and footnote, 249

Prairie Springs: 279

Price, Sterling: 16, 17, 26, 29, 52, 55, 56, 127, footnote, 185, 317, footnote; tries to induce Quantrill and his men to enter regular service, 205, footnote; Hindman's opinion of, 270, footnote; commands in District of Arkansas, 299, footnote, 326

Prince, William E: 55, 58

Proctor, A.G: 214, 234, footnote

Provisional Congress: refuses to confirm nomination of Heth, 19; calls for information on McCulloch-Price controversy, 19; established precedents of good faith in Indian relations, 172; resolution authorizing Davis to send a commissioner to Indian nations, 172, footnote, 173, footnote; work of, 173-175 and footnotes; confers honour upon John Jumper, 174, footnote; considerations of committees regarding Indian superintendency, 175, 176

Pryor, Nathaniel: 145, footnote

Pryor Creek (Okla.): 142, 145

Quantrill, W.C: 45; guerrillas raid Black Bob Lands and Olathe, 205; raid upon Lawrence, 238, footnote, 239; work scorned and repudiated by McCulloch, 303, footnote; perpetrates Baxter Springs massacre, 304; movements, 304 and footnote; Maxey feels no repugnance for services of, 326

Quapaw Agency: 53, footnote

Quapaw Nation: 46, 50, footnote

Quapaws: 48, in First Indian Expedition, 115, footnote; driven into exile, 116 and footnote; become refugees or are drawn into ranks of Federal army, 204; some, not bona fide refugees, 204, footnote; no longer in Second Regiment of Indian Home Guards, 252

Quapaw Strip (Kans.): 126

Quesenbury, William: 158, 248, footnote

Rabb's Battery: 114, footnote

"Radicals": 305, footnote

Rains, James S: 125; makes Tahlequah headquarters of Eighth Division Missouri State Guard, 130, footnote; to attempt to reënter southwest Missouri, 194; Cooper acts under orders from, 197; in disgrace, 198

Randolph, J.L: 267, footnote, 309, footnote

Randolph, George W: Pike makes complaint against Hindman, 156-158; sympathy for Pike, 168; desires to terminate Magruder's delay, 186; suggests that Price serve as second in command under Magruder, 186, footnote; reassures Pike, 187, 189; instructions to Holmes, 189

Ratliff, Robert W: 121, footnote, 127

Rector, Elias: 175, 181, footnote

Rector, H.M: 185, footnote

"Red Legs": 305, footnote

Red River: 20, 36, 248, 311, 315

Reserve Indians: 112; Pike negotiates successfully with, 173, footnote; volunteers authorized, 173-174, footnote; disorders among, 182; uprising against and murder of Leeper undertaken by, 182-183; Tonkawas almost exterminated by, 184; companies organized among, 266, footnote; fed by contract, 308, footnote

Reynolds, Thomas C: 287, footnote

Richardson, James D; work cited in footnotes on pages 21, 172, 278, 322

Richardson, John M: 113

Riddle's Station (Okla.): 276, footnote 293, 295, footnote

Ritchie, John: applies to Dole for new instructions, 106; appraisement of, 106, footnote; dilatory in movements, 114, footnote; disagreement with Kile, 115, footnote; slow in putting in appearance at Humboldt, 115; commands Second Regiment Indian Home Guards, 115; conducts prisoners to Fort Leavenworth, 144; allows men to run amuck at Shirley's Ford, 197; dismissal from service recommended, 197; Phillip's ranking officer, 325

Roane, J.S: Arkansas left in care of, 128, 149; asks forces of Pike, 149; conduct in Mexican War criticised by Pike, 149, footnote; fights duel with Pike, 149, footnote; character, 199; arrests Pike, 200

Roberts, S.A: 308, footnote, 320, footnote

Robertson, W.S: 225 and footnote

Robinson, Charles: work cited in footnotes on pages 15, 70, 97, 98, 226; appointment of Mitchell, 46, footnote; opposed to Lane's plans for revenge, 55; approves of principle underlying Frémont's proclamation, 56-57; opposed to enlistment of Indians, 57; seeks aid of Prince, 58; responsible for Stanton's contesting of Lane's seat, 59, footnote; Lane has no intention of obliging, 71, footnote; commissions for First Indian Expedition pouring in, 123, footnote; calls for volunteers against guerrillas, 205, footnote; relations with Stevens, 226, footnote

Robinson, William: 62, footnote

Rocky Creek (Clear Creek): 184, footnote

Rolla (Mo.): 13, 26

Roman, Alfred: work cited, 14, footnote, 34, footnote

Roman Catholic Mission: 87, footnote, 121, 241, footnote

Rosengarten, Joseph George: work cited, 118, footnote

Ross, John: attitude of faction of, towards proposed Confederate military occupation of Indian Territory, 15; communicates with Pike on movements of Cherokee troops, 28, footnote; opposed to secession, 63, footnote; reported to have host ready to do service for U.S., 66, footnote; loyal to U.S., 74, footnote; communication from Weer, 134 and footnote, 135; reply to Weer, 135-136; submits documents justifying his own and tribal actions, 136; receives peremptory order from Cooper, 137; arrested by Greeno, 137; suspected of collusion with captor, 137-138, 192; addresses himself to Hindman against Pike, 160; on mission to Washington, 192 and footnote; formally deposed by convention called by secessionist Cherokees, 193; receives monetary assistance, 214 and footnote; makes personal appeal to Lincoln to enable refugees to be returned to homes, 215-216; and associates ready to negotiate for retrocession of Neutral Lands, 231; Gillpatrick medium of diplomatic intercourse between, and First Indian Expedition, 271

Ross, Mrs. W.P: work cited, 111, footnote

Ross, W.W: 234, footnote

Round Grove (Okla.): 126

Russell, O.F: 152-153

Sac and Fox Agency (Kans.): 54, footnote, 114, footnote; suggested removal of refugees to, 212; tribes included within, 212; Osages repair to, to confer with Dole, 238 and footnote

Sacs and Foxes of Mississippi: encounter refugees from Indian

Territory, 80; offer home to refugees, 86; reservation, 87; receive Creeks, Choctaws, and Chickasaws, 213; scheme of building houses for, 226 and footnote; Dole makes treaty with, 235; claim against Creek refugees, 235, footnote; some Sacs confer with Carruth, 274, footnote; invited to inter-tribal council, 274-275. footnote

St. Francis River: 20

St. Joe (St. Joseph): 74, footnote, 116, 230

St Louis Republican: 75, footnote

Salomon, Frederick: colonel of Ninth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, 118; in command at Fort Scott, 118; left in command at Baxter Springs by Weer, 121; in charge of First Brigade, First Indian Expedition, 125; instructions to, with respect to Indian policy of U.S. government, 134; deplorable equipment of troops, 138; arrests Weer, 139; gives reasons arrest, 140-142; retrograde movement of, 142, 143, 147, 203; establishes himself at Camp Quapaw, 146; ordered by Blunt to send troops to support of Indian Brigade, 192-193

Salt Plains: 152, 153

Sam Checote: 62, footnote

Santa Fé Trail: to intercept trains on, 129, footnote, 267, footnote; Creek regiment to advance toward, 152

Scales, J.A: 268, footnote, 277, footnote

Schaumburg, W.C: 305, footnote

Schoenmaker, John: 241, footnote

Schofield, John M: 106, footnote, 119, footnote, 196, 248, 249 and footnote, 260, 261, 293, 304 and footnote

Schurz, Carl: 41 and footnote, 42, footnote

Scott, S.S: acting commissioner of Indian affairs, 172, footnote; remarks of, 177, footnote; to investigate conditions in Indian Territory, 181; hurries to Leased District, 184; asks Governor Colbert to harbor fugitive Tonkawas, 184, footnote; sets out upon tour of inspection, 299; made full commissioner, 299, footnote; reports to Holmes concerning neglect of Indian Territory, 300; reports to Seddon prospects for three Indian brigades, 329

Scott, T.M: 316, footnote

Scott, W.H: 287, footnote

Scott, Winfield S: 48, 56, 69, footnote

Scott County (Ark.): 20

Scullyville (Okla.): 155, 325, and footnote

Second Brigade, First Indian Expedition: put under Judson, 125

Second Choctaw Regiment: 312, footnote

Second Indian Brigade: 327

Second Indian Expedition: Carruth and Martin act in anticipation of, 133, footnote; Blunt making plans for, 196 and footnote, 208, footnote; Blunt discovers that Indians stipulate care of families during absence, 215

Second Indiana Battery: 118, 125

Second Ohio Cavalry: 118, 119, footnote, 125-126

Second Regiment Cherokee Mounted Rifles: commanded by Stand Watie, 25; joins Pike at Cincinnati, 28; takes position to observe enemy, 32; guiltless of atrocities committed at Pea Ridge, 32; makes way to Camp Stephens, 35; detail sent with ammunition to main army, 35; scouting along northern line of Cherokee country, 112; desertions from, 145

Second Regiment Indian Home Guards: miscellaneous in composition, 114 and footnote; men not yet mustered in, 121; fills up after defeat of Confederates at Locust Grove, 132; Corwin takes

command of, 144; engagement at Shirley's Ford, 197; component part of Phillips's Indian Brigade, 249; Cherokee in composition, 252; fought dismounted at Honey Springs, 288; stationed at Mackey's Salt Works, 325

Sedalia (Mo.): 13

Seddon, James A: 270, footnote, 299, footnote, 317, footnote; instructs Scott to attend meeting of council at Armstrong Academy, 320; Scott reports prospects of forming three Indian brigades, 329

Seminole Battalion: 152, 312, footnote

Seminole Nation: 130

Seminoles (Confederate): Murrow, agent, 162, footnote; Pike negotiates treaty with, 173, footnote; agree to furnish five companies of mounted volunteers, 173, footnote; Creeks and, want separate military department made of Indian Territory, 278-279; disperse, 323

Seminoles (Federal or Unionist): Carruth teacher among, 59; destitution of refugee, 83, footnote; in First Regiment Indian Home Guards, 114 and footnote; attempt tribal reörganization, 228

Senate Committee on Indian Affairs (Confederate): Johnson's bill, 176; members, 176, footnote

Senecas: 48, 204 and footnote

Seneca-Shawnees: refugees, 116, 204; object to Wyandot treaty, 237, footnote

Shawnee Agency (Kans.): 236, footnote

Shawnee Reserve (Kans.): 205 and footnote

Shawnees: 48; loyal to U.S., 66, footnote; in First Indian Expedition, 113, footnote; from Cherokee country made refugees, 116; implicated in tragedy at Wichita Agency, 183; Neosho Agency Indians seek refuge among, 204; are depredated upon, 204, 205, footnote; Dole makes treaty with, 235

Shelby, Jo: 45, 194, 200

Sheridan, Philip H: work cited, 296, footnote

Sherman (Tex.): 190

Sherman, William T: 44

Shians (Cheyennes): 274, footnote

Shirley's Ford (Mo.): 197

Shoal Creek (Mo.): 118, 120, footnote

Shoe-Nock-Me-Koe: 68, footnote

Shreveport (La.): 303, footnote

Sigel, Franz: 29

Simms, W.E: 176, footnote

Sixth Kansas Cavalry: 249

Slavery: 298, footnote

Smith, James M.C: 173, footnote

Smith, Caleb P: 60, footnote, 61, 99; authorizes expenditure of funds for relief of refugees, 83

Smith, John: 62, footnote

Smith, E. Kirby: 317; seeks to reëmploy Pike for service among Indians, 201, 335 and footnote; assigned to command, 269; approves Steele's adoption of Fabian policy, 297; reply to Stand Watie, 297-298, footnote; detaches command of Indian Territory from that of Arkansas, 303; subscribes to idea of forming two Indian brigades, 310; is stanchest of Steele's friends, 311; opposed to three brigade plan and to promotion of Cooper implicit in it, 318; commends work of Steele, 318; address emended by Maxey, 330; friend of Maxey, 334; holds in abeyance orders for retirement of Maxey, 334, footnote; enters into convention with Canby, 335

Smith's Mill: 28

Snead, Thomas L: work cited, 15, footnote, 296, footnote

Snow, George C: 80, footnote, 83, footnote

Soda Springs (Okla.): 291, footnote

South, The: indifference towards West, 43; love of home state, great bulwark of, 187-188; Choctaws reported as wavering in allegiance to, 220; Indian Territory as separate military entity comes too late into reckonings, 250

Southern Confederacy: decisive results of battle of Pea Ridge, 13; expected by Missouri to force situation for her, 18; relation of Indian Territory determined by treaties of alliance, 21; Pike's great purpose to save Indian Territory for, 22-23; Weer suggests that Cherokee Nation dissolve its alliance with, 134; management of Indian affairs of, 149-150, 171; view of obligations towards Indians, 174, footnote; policy with respect to guerrillas, 205, footnote; Wyandots refuse to throw in lot with, 206; Kansas politicians want to punish Indians for going over to, 224; Cherokees repudiate alliance with, 232; Indians losing faith in, 273-274; charged with bad faith by Cherokees, 279-281; Indian devotion to, re-asserted, 317; Indians pledge anew loyalty to, 323

Southern Expedition: 73 and footnote

Southern Indian Regiments: 24-25

Southern Superintendency (Confederate): establishment delayed by prolongation of Pike's mission, 175; bill for establishment of, 176

Southern Superintendency (Federal): 117, footnote

Southwest, The: 46, 70

Southwestern District of Missouri: 26-27

Southwestern Division of District of Missouri: 127

Spavinaw Creek (Okla.): 130, 138

Spavinaw Hills (Okla.): 127

Spears, John: 279

Speer, John: 43, footnote

Speight, J.W: brigade of, 246, footnote, 267, footnote

Springfield (Mo.): 26, 51

Spring, Leverett: work cited in footnotes on pages 15, 52, 97

Spring River: 119, 126; Shirley's Ford on, 197

Staked Plains: 153

Stand Watie: 159, footnote; colonel of Second Regiment Cherokee Mounted Rifles, 25; men in poor trim and undisciplined, 28; men take position as corps of observation, 32; makes way to Camp Stephens, 35; scouting, 112, 127; engagements, 112, 113, 119 and footnote; encampment on Cowskin Prairie, 119; home of, 127; successful skirmishing commented upon, 152; elected Principal Chief, 193; Phillips compels, to re-cross Arkansas, 218; in command of First Cherokee Regiment, 262, footnote; Steele's great reliance upon, 270; cavalry raids, 272, 312; forced to retire from Cabin Creek, 285; commanded First and Second Cherokee at Honey Springs, 288; complaints to Kirby Smith, 297, footnote; related to Boudinot, 300; makes reports and appeals, 301; proposed advancement, 309; authorizes formation of Cherokee Brigade, 309; Steele's appraisement of, 310; skirmish at Barren Fork, 312; has command of First Indian Brigade, 327; all Cherokee military units summoned to camp on Limestone Prairie, 328; name becomes source of terror, 331; last great raid of, 332

Stanton, Edwin M: 75, footnote, 76; refuses to countenance use of Indians as soldiers, 76 and footnote; efficient administration of, 96; deprecates interference in military affairs in Kansas, 98 and footnote

Stanton, Frederick P: 59, 72, footnote

State Department (Confederate): 171, 172, footnote

State Rights: 18

Statutes at Large of Provisional Government: work cited, 174, footnote

Stearns, Frank Preston: work cited, in footnotes on pages 42, 87

Steele, Frederick: in command of Department of Arkansas, 322; argues over military status of Fort Smith, 321-322

Steele, James: special agent, 100; infers Halleck unfavorable to Indian expedition, 101; presents credentials at arsenal at Fort Leavenworth, 101; Sac and Fox chiefs willing to abide by decision, 235, footnote

Steele, William: 247; to report to Holmes for duty, 245, footnote; preferred to Cooper, 246; sends most of troops in direction of Red River, 248; takes large view of responsibilities to Indian Territory, 253; difficulties and embarrassments, 261-269; appeal for loyalty to Confederate cause, 267-268, footnote; ex officio superintendent of Indian affairs, 275-276; regards Indian Territory as buffer, 276; influences to undermine, 278; makes stand in Creek country, 291; opposition to, 310; command in bad condition, 292; crosses from Creek into Choctaw country, 295; journeys to Bonham to consult with McCulloch, 302-303; command detached from that of Arkansas, 303; size of force, 305, footnote; work discredited and disparaged by Cooper, 306; policy and practice in matter of feeding indigents and refugees, 307 and footnote; relieved of command of Indian Territory, 311; Kirby Smith commends work, 318

Stettaner Bros: 211, footnote

Stevens, Robert S: 211, footnote, 212, 226 and footnote

Stevens, Thaddeus: 57, 60, footnote

Stidham, George W: 62, footnote, 173, footnote

Stockton's Hall: 58 and footnote

Sturgis, S.D: Lane ordered to coöperate with, 56; placed in command of District of Kansas, 98; policy with respect to First Indian Expedition, 103-104; opposed to idea of Indian expedition, 104; military despotism, 104; forbids enlistment of Indians, 105; refusal to reinstate Weer, 117, footnote

Sugar Creek (Ark.): 30, footnote

Sumner, E.V: 260, footnote

Susquehanna River: 232

Tahlequah (Okla.): 132, 136; Rains makes headquarters, 130, footnote; Hindman places white cavalry at, 192; Blunt's expeditionary force seizes archives and treasury of Cherokee Nation, 193; Hindman appears in, 193; steamer, 263, footnote

Talliaferro (Taliaferro?), T.D: 267, footnote

Tandy Walker: supporter of Cooper, 265; recruits among Choctaws, 265; appointment, 265, footnote; asks for establishment of Indian Territory as separate military department, 279; commanded Regiment of Choctaws and Chickasaws at Honey Springs, 288; indulging in petty graft, 306, footnote; service of Choctaws under, in Camden campaign, 326; has command of Second Indian Brigade, 327

Tawa Kuwus: 274, footnote

Taylor, N.G: 207, footnote

Taylor, R: 297, footnote

Taylor, Samuel M: 279

Tecumseh: 73, footnote

Te-Nah: 65, footnote

Tenth Kansas Infantry: 117, 118

Texans: assist Indians at Leetown

engagement, 31; away fighting "the cold weather people," 65, footnote; circulate malicious stories about Pike, 160, footnote; disposition towards self-sacrifice, 268; not possible to deal with Indians arbitrarily, 326

Texas: 179; requisition upon, for troops, 25; Pike to call for troops from, 36; way to, likely to be blocked by Southern Indians, 61; Pike wants to be near, 151; anti-Pike reports spreading through, 169; road from Missouri to, 173, footnote; Oldham, senator from, 176, footnote; rumors current that Pike is conspiring with unionists, in, 199; detached from Trans-Mississippi Department, 245-246; cotton speculation alluring men with ready money, 248, footnote; public feeling towards deserters, 266, footnote; great commissary depot west of Mississippi, 268, footnote; Bankhead becomes alarmed for safety of, 287, 292; virtual chaos in, 303; Steele contracts for clothing in northern, 308

Thayer, John M: 324 and footnote

Thayer, William Roscoe: work cited in footnotes on pages 41, 45, 96

Third Choctaw Regiment: 321

Thomas, L: 74-75, footnote, 100, 109, footnote

Throckmorton, James W: 335, footnote

Thurston's House: 54, footnote

Timiny Barnet: 62, footnote

Tishomingo (Okla.): 200

Toe-Lad-Ke: talk, 67, footnote; signature, 69, footnote

Tonkawas: negotiations with Pike, 182; about one-half of, butchered, 184; surviving, flee to Fort Arbuckle, 184 and footnote

Toombs, Robert: 171, footnote, 173, footnote

Totten, James: 197

Trans-Mississippi Department: 128, footnote, 149, 168, 186, 187, 192, 245-246, 269, 270 and footnote, 315, 318-319

Trans-Mississippi District of Department no. 2: 14, 19, 20, 25, 127, footnote, 128, footnote, 190, 191

Treaties of Alliance: 21, 23 and footnote, 173 and footnote

Trench, E.B: 215, footnote

Turner, E.P: 292, footnote

Turner, John W: 83 and footnote

Tus-te-nu-ke-ema-ela: 108, footnote

Tus-te-nuk-ke: 108, footnote

Upper Creeks: 62, footnote

Usher, John P: 231, 239, footnote

Van Buren (Ark.): 162, footnote, 177

Van Dorn, Earl: 14, footnote, 20, 25, 26, 34, 35, 36; appointment, 19; failure to credit Indians in report, 31 and footnote, 148; orders Indians to harass enemy on border of own country, 35-36, 110; telegraphic request to Davis, 127, footnote, 186; diverts and appropriates Pike's supplies, 147-148 and footnote; hopes Price will be successor, 185

Vann's Ford: 144

Vaughan, Champion: 305, footnote

Vaughn, Richard C: 218, footnote

Verdigris River: 76, 79, 80, 85, 142, 144, 145, 210-211, footnote, 273, footnote; tributary of Arkansas, 22

Verdigris Valley: 79, 85

Vernon County (Mo.): 304, footnote

Vicksburg (Miss.): 188, footnote, 259, 260, 283, 301, footnote

Villard, Henry: work cited, 45, footnote

Villard, Oswald Garrison: work cited, 226, footnote

Vore, Israel G: 302 and footnote

Wakoes (Wacoes): 66, footnote; sent out as runners, 274, footnote

Walker, L.P: 172, footnote

Walnut Creek (Kans.): 79, 85, 152, 205, footnote

Walnut Grove: 35

Walworth, E: 329, footnote

War Department (Confederate): 127, 172 and footnote, 186, 318

War Department (Federal): 60 and footnote, 73, footnote, 76, 99, 100

Warren (Tex.): 190

Warrensburg (Mo.): 58

Washington (George): 65, footnote

Washington Territory: 232

Wattles, Augustus: 46, footnote, 54, footnote, 57, 225-228

Wattles, Stephen H: 131, footnote, 333 and footnote

Weas: 77, footnote

Webber's Falls (Okla.): 216, 255, 260, 271, 276, 287, footnote

Weed, Thurlow: work cited, 60, footnote

Weer, William: 117 and footnote, 119, 120, 121, 130, 133; ideas on Indian relations with U.S. government, 133, footnote; communication with Ross, 134; proposes Cherokee Nation abolish slavery by vote, 134, footnote; sends out two detachments to reconnoitre, 136; joins Campbell at Fort Gibson, 136-137; faults and failures, 139, 140-142; arrested by Salomon, 139; Ritchie's men run amuck and attack their comrades in brigade of, 197

Welch, O.G: 29

Wells, J.W: 267, footnote

West, The: indifference towards, 43; character of war in, 44; character of leaders, 45; criticism of Confederate management of Indian affairs in, 149-150; establishment of Indian superintendency left unsettled by Provisional Government, 174-175; Price submits plan of operations for, 186, footnote; circumstances and conditions concerning migrations of eastern tribes, 227; project for concentrating tribes in Indian Territory, 230, footnote; keep too many men needlessly in, 259; desertions, 292 and footnote

Western Military District: 43, 47, footnote

West's Battery: 267, footnote

Whistler, W: 69, footnote

White, George E: 157, footnote

White Auxiliary (Confederate): urged by Pike, 24 and footnote; ordered to Little Rock, 129, 147; Kirby Smith thinks possible to separate from Indian troops, 310

White Auxiliary (Federal): Dole's recommendation regarding, 99; Stanton's instructions regarding, 100; not heard from, 102; orders for, 109 and footnote; Indians ask for evidence of existence, 118; composition, 118; comparison with Indians, 123 and footnote; brigaded with Indian Home Guards, 125; retrograde movement, 143, 203; Blunt orders Salomon to send to support of Indian Brigade, 192-193, 203

White Chief: 68, footnote

White Cloud: 77, footnote

White Hair: 207, footnote, 238, footnote; principal chief of Osages, 240, footnote

Whitney, H.C: 50, footnote, 52, footnote, 54, footnote

Wichita Agency: 64, footnote; tragedy, 183-184; Belmont, temporary, 274, footnote

Wichita Mountains: 153

Wigfall, Louis T: 264, footnote, 277, footnote

Wilder, A. Carter: 230, footnote, 322, footnote

Wilder, D.W: 58, footnote, 305, footnote

Willamette River: 232

Williams, James M: 284, 285

Williams, the: 327

Williamson, George: 327

Wilson, Hill P: work cited, 226, footnote

Wilson's Creek (Mo.): battle of, 34, footnote, 49

Wolcott, Edward: 83, footnote

Wolf Creek (Ark.): 135, 136, 145, 164

Wood, W.D: 218, footnote

Woodburn, James Albert: work cited, 57, footnote, 60, footnote

Woodruff's Battery: 147, 150, 154

Wright, Marcus J: work cited, 19, footnote, 187, footnote

Wyandot City (Kans.): 204, footnote

Wyandots: robbed by secessionist Indians, 206 and footnote; escape into Kansas, 206; want to render military service, 206, footnote; Dole's abortive treaty with, 236-237, footnote