INDEX (continued 2)

Tazaken, village of, Northern Armenia, i. 119

Teghtap Su, tributary of Bingöl Su (Khinis), ii. 256

Teghurt or Seghurt, village on Nimrud, ii. 299

Tekke, village near Gümüshkhaneh, ii. 243

Tekman, district of, ii. 247–251; 190–193, 200, 202, 398

Tekman Dagh, see Akh Dagh

Telfer, Commander J. B., i. 107, 201, 264, 268, 388, notes

Temran, village of, ii. 392

Tendurek Dagh, solfatara, Bayazid district, ii. 401; 385, 388

Tergukasoff, General, i. 465 and note

Terjan, district of, ii. 376, 386, 416; i. 294, 348

Ter-Mikelean, Dr. A., i. 256, 271, 273; 277, 291, 301, 313, 314, notes

Ter-Mosesean, Dr. Mesrop, librarian at Edgmiatsin, i. 249, 250

Texier, C., i. 23, 33, ii. 210; i. 368, 390, ii. 212, notes

Thaddeus, Saint, said to have been sent by Christ to King Abgar of Edessa, and intimately associated with the earliest Christianity in Armenia, i. 277–299; 239, ii. 293. His relics preserved at Edgmiatsin, i. 269

Thamar, queen of Georgia, i. 338, 366; 55, 80, 83

Thekla, Saint, i. 264

Theodosius I., Roman emperor, i. 293

Theodosius II., Roman emperor, ii. 221

Thonraki (Thonraketzi), Armenian heretics, i. 285

Tian-shan Mts., Central Asia, their connection with the structural system of Asia, i. 424, 426

Tiflis, capital of Georgia, Armenian convent there, i. 253. Pop., 449. Glances at the history of, 337, 343, 365. Communications with Armenia, 39–40, 73 (Borjom gorge), 89, 133, 226, 433, 437

Tiflis, Govt. of, its pop., i. 447, 449, 451. German colonies there, 97 and cp. 410

Tigranes, Arsakid king of Armenia introduces Jews into Armenia, i. 299 note 3, 305, ii. 77

Tigranocerta, disputed site of, 319 note 2

Tigris River, accounts of by Strabo and Pliny, ii. 40–42. Course between Diarbekr and Jezireh-ibn-Omar, 395, 396

Tikma, Little, village of German colonists, Kars district, i. 400, 410

Til, statue of Nanea at, destroyed by St. Gregory, i. 294

Timur, or Tamerlan, reputed to have captured Kars, i. 396, and Van, ii. 76, 78. His wassail on the Bingöl Dagh, ii. 365. His method of warfare against the Georgians, i. 81

Tiran, Arsakid king of Armenia, i. 303–304

Tirdat, Armenian architect, restores S. Sophia at Constantinople, i. 373 note 4

Tiridates, Arsakid king of Armenia, restored by the Romans, founder of Christianity in Armenia as a State religion, i. 289–301; 264

Tirkavank, village of, Mush plain, ii. 166

Titgir, village of, Erzerum district, ii. 209 note 1

Toghrul, Seljuk sultan, i. 357, 358, 363

Toghrul Ben Kilijarslan, ii. 223

Top Dagh, fortified hill near Erzerum, ii. 201

Toporovan, Lake, Northern Armenia, i. 87, 95

Toporovan River. See Akhalkalaki River

Toprak Kala, low limestone hills north of Van, ii. 62; excavations there in 1879 and 1880, and again in 1898, 63. Site of the City of Rusas or New Van, 64. The site visited, 113; 80

Tortan, Erzinjan district, temple at destroyed by St. Gregory, i. 294; 348 note

Tortum, Lake and district of, i. 456, ii. 417, 433

Tournefort, P. de, i. 33, 182, 185; 183, 256, 318, ii. 205, notes

Tozer, Rev. H. F., i. 33; ii. 283, 327, 392, notes

Trebizond (Trapezus), ancient Greek city and flourishing town on the Black Sea, visited and described, i. 7–36. Glance at the history of the Grand-Comneni or emperors of Trebizond, 34–36. Pop., 32 note. Trade, 32, and cp. under Tabriz. Tabriz-Trebizond trade route, 361, 378, 431, ii. 236, 272–273. Armenian inhabitants, 427. Plans, 13, 30

Trialethian Mts., i. 87, 89, 433, 434, 438, 442, 443

Tripoli, town on Black Sea coast, i. 18

Troitskoy, Russian village on Lake Madatapa, i. 118

Tsaghkotz (Alaja Chai), Ani, i. 368, 377, 379 note

Tsaghkotzadzor, Valley of the Flower-garden, Ani, i. 368, 381, 382; 355

Tsinis, village of, near Akhaltsykh, i. 73

Tuman, Lake, i. 87

Tunus, quarter of Akhlat, ii. 284

Turkomanchai, Treaty of, i. 125. Exodus of Armenian population from the frontier districts of Persia as a result of, i. 454, ii. 206; i. 233

Tutakh, town on the Murad, ii. 14, 266. Mileage to Melazkert, 264 note. Do. to Karakilisa and Akantz, 12

Uch Kilisa, see Edgmiatsin and Surb Karapet (Diadin)

Uran Gazi, Circassian settlement on the slopes of Sipan, ii. 330–331, 340–341. Mileage to Gop, 341 note

Urardhu or Urarthu, name by which the country of the Vannic kings was known to their Assyrian contemporaries, ii. 57. Tendency of the term to travel north, i. 197. The Ararat of Scripture, ibid. Urardhians = Alarodians of Herodotus, ii. 67

Uravel River, tributary to the Kur, i. 73

Urmi Lake, Azerbaijan, ii. 40, 42–43; fluctuations in level, 48, 49, 52; analysis of water, 469. How known in the Assyrian inscriptions, 58. Elevation and area, 43

Urut, village of, Northern Armenia, i. 443

Ussher, J., i. 405, ii. 121, 134, notes

Vagharshapat, afterwards Edgmiatsin, royal residence during Arsakid period, i. 257–262; 286–314. Sacked by Shapur, 305, 264 note 5, 266, 272, 382. Site near the present monastery, 242

Vagharshapat River, see Kasagh River

Vagharshapat, Synod of, i. 313 and note

Vahan Mamikonean, i. 264 note 5, 265

Vahan Kamsarakan, tomb at Surb Karapet, ii. 179

Vahan the Wolf, tomb at Surb Karapet, ii. 179

Vahram, Pahlavuni, i. 361, 362, 382. Builds monastery of Marmashen, 132, 355. Builds at Ani, 382

Van (Dhuspas, Turuspa, Buana, Iban), fortress and town of gardens on the eastern shore of Lake Van, visited and described, ii. 36, 37, 38, 39, 53, 76–113. Pop., 79; of the Govt. excluding Hakkiari, 412, 424. History, 54–76, 77, 78, 116, 117, and see Vaspurakan. Communications, 11, 89, 397 note 1. Education, see under Education. Plan, 81, view of, 53

Van, Lake (Thospitis, Arsene, Arethusa, Areesa or Arsissa), ii. 39–53. Fluctuations in level, 47–53. Analyses of water, 468. How known in the Assyrian inscriptions, 58. Elevation, 43, 394. Area, 39. Character of the scenery about its shores, 31–36, 116, 279, 281, 282, 300, 325, 327, 338

Vanand, Province (Kars), i. 396

Vanik Cape, Lake Van, ii. 141

Varag, Mt., ii. 36, 38, 39, 64, 111, 113 (Fig. 135), 282, 401. Cloister on, see Yedi Kilisa

Vardzia, troglodyte city of remote antiquity, i. 80, believed to have been the favourite residence of Queen Thamar of Georgia, visited and described, i. 80–84

Varzahan, ancient Armenian village in the plain of the Chorokh, ii. 233, with ruins of three fine buildings, ibid.

Vaspurakan, ancient Armenian province of which Van was the capital. The seat of the Artsruni dynasty during the Middle Ages, i. 337–364, ii. 117 note 1

Vavuk Mt. and Pass, i. 430, ii. 234, 235, 240, 243, 402

Verthanes, katholikos, eldest son of St. Gregory, i. 303

Vladikars, colony of Russian sectaries, Molokans, near Kars, i. 410

Vostan, district of gardens about the spurs of Mt. Ardos, Lake Van, ii. 123–126; i. 357

Wagner, Dr. M., i. 184, 187, 188, 193; ii. 44, 121, 203, 209, notes

Wilbraham, R., i. 210, 235, 367, 406, notes

Williams General F., of Kars, i. 393, 397–399

Wünsch, Prof., ii. 53 note

Xenophon, opposed by a body of Chaldæan (=Khaldian) mercenaries at the passage of the Bohtan branch of the Tigris, ii. 69. His interesting account in the Cyropædeia of the contemporary relations of the Armenians with the remnant of the Khaldians, 68–70. Site of his camp near Trebizond, i. 31. Extent of his feat, 285

Xerxes, trilingual tablet of at Van, ii. 66, 106; 55

Yaralmish, Circassian village near Melazkert, ii. 277

Yedi Kilisa (Varag), monastery on the slopes of Mt. Varag, ii. 113–115; i. 237, 240, 359

Yeni Keui, village of, plain of Khinis, ii. 256

Yezdegerd II. of Persia, persecutes the Armenians, i. 312

Yezidis, so-called devil-worshippers, ii. 187, 430

Yungali, village of, Bulanik, ii. 346

Yusik, grandson of St. Gregory and katholikos in the reign of Tiran, i. 303, 304

Yusuf, governor of Azerbaijan, i. 343–352

Yusuf Bey, chief of the Sipkanli at Köshk, ii. 16, 17

Yusuf Pasha, chief of all Sipkanli Kurds, ii. 268

Zab the Great (Stranga), i. 277 note 2, 279 note 3, ii. 69, 148, 388, 395, 397

Zado, hamlet near Tutakh, ii. 12

Zagros Range, i. 423, ii. 385, 397 note 2, 419

Zakare or Zakarea, name of certain Georgian rulers of Ani, i. 370 note 3, 375, 376, 377, 388

Zalka Plateau, Northern Armenia, i. 433

Zanga River (Hrazdan), tributary to the Araxes, i. 208, 211, 212, 215, 216, 229, 357, ii. 44, 49

Zaremba, missionary from Basle, i. 98–100

Zaza, language of the Kizilbashes, ii. 393

Zeda Tmogvi, ruined fortress near Vardzia, i. 80

Zeidikan, Alashkert, village and pass of, ii. 266

Zeitun, mountainous district in Asia Minor inhabited by Armenians, ii. 427

Zemzem Dagh, hills near Van, ii. 111

Zenobius of Glak, Armenian writer, ii. 178

Zernak (Kala-i-Zerin, Zernishan), Ruins of an ancient city near Akantz, ii. 25 and note 2

Ziaret, village of, Mush plain, ii. 176

Zigag, village and Promontory, Lake Van, ii. 279, 284

Zigana Dagh, ii. 241

Zigana Pass, ii. 236, 242

Zigana, villages, ii. 242

Zikar Pass (Zikarski Perival), i. 51, 55, 430, 437

Zirket, village of, Mush plain, ii. 164

Zirnek Dagh, Khamur heights, ii. 258, 347, 403

Zoe, Byzantine empress, i. 373

Zokh, town in Kurdistan, ii. 396, 430 note 1

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