INDEX

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, Y.

Accuracy, 1, 74 Acknowledgments, viii, xi Aerial photo-hydrography, 99 Aerial photo-topography, 93 Air photographs, how to read, 4; improvements under way, 102; oblique and vertical, 1; value in coast charting, 93, 99, 101 Air photography, application, ix; development, ix; elements to be recorded, 2; outlook, 102 Air Services, co-operation, xi Aircraft, x Airplane photography. See Air photography Aliso Creek, California, 68 Amundsen, Roald, 71 Anacostia flats, D. C., 12 Anacostia River, 13, 22 (ill.); land along, mosaic photograph, opp. 32 (Fig. 13) Animal trails, 29, 39 Annapolis, 7. See also United States Naval Academy Arabian coast, 101 Architects, 7, 11 Architecture, 11 Arizona, southern, 71 Arroyos, 61, 65 (ill.) Atlantic City, N. J., 32 (ill.) Atlantic Coastal Plain, 27; meandering streams, 50; salt marsh areas, 32 (ill.); submarine land forms, 45 Atlantic Ocean, waves and surf, 91 (ill.) Back River, Virginia, 76 Bagley, J. W., xii, 74 Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad bridge, 9 (ill.), 10 Barnegat Bay, 85 Barnegat Inlet, 84 (ill.), 85 Barrier beaches, 41; between Brigantine and Little Egg Inlets, New Jersey, 86 (ill.); cities and surroundings, 32 (ill.); inlet formation through, 81 (ill.); Long Branch, N. J., 18 (ill.); tidal inlet through, Beach Haven, N. J., 85 (ill.). See also Beaches Beach Haven, N. J., cusps, 80 (ill.); inlet formation through barrier beach, 81 (ill.); tidal inlet, 85 (ill.) Beaches, bluff and beach on shore of York River, 77 (ill.); cusps near Beach Haven, 80 (ill.); Far Rockaway, Long Island, 100 (ill.); sandy, with cusps—Sandy Hook, 78 (ill.). See also Barrier beaches Bear’s Cut, Florida coast, 96 (ill.) Belmar, N. J., tidal delta, 82 (ill.) Benning, Camp, opp. 26, opp. 50 Benning, D. C., 13, 22 (ill.) Benning Road, 13 Benning Road Bridge, opp. 22 (ill. and map) Bidwell, Lake, California, 62 (ill.), 63 (map) Bluffs, 83; beach and bluff on shore of York River, 77 (ill.) Board of Surveys and Maps, 72 Boundary disputes, 26; Texas-Oklahoma, 51 (ill.) Braided channels, 50, 51 (ill.) Brigantine Inlet, New Jersey, 86 (ill.), 87; recurved spit, 88 (ill.) Bridges, 11; Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad, 9 (ill.), 10; Benning Road, opp. 22 (ill. and map); Hell Gate, 11, 15 (ill.); Pennsylvania Avenue, opp. 22 (ill. and map) Bronx Borough, Port Morris section, 15 (ill.) Bronx Kill, 15 (ill.) Brooks, A. H., 69, 71 Buildings, construction records, 11; pictures from a new angle, 7 Calabasas, Cal., topographic sheet, 65 Cameras, adaptation, 2; automatic data records, 2; construction experiments, 35; Eastman mapping, recording symbols, 2, 3 (ill.); faithfulness, 23, 26; human eye and, 5, 101; panoramic, xii; stereoscopic, 6; use, x; use in map-making, 72; value in coast charting, 93, 99, 101 Camouflage, 5, 6 Camp Benning, Ga., opp. 26, opp. 50 Canyons, 57; Pecos River, 70 (ill.); Santa Monica Mountains, 66 (ill.), 67 (map) Cape Charles, Virginia, 43; sand bars, 99 (ill.) Capitol, National, frontispiece, 7 Catawba “Island,” Ohio, 72, 73 (ill. and map) Channels, Far Rockaway, Long Island, 100 (ill.); Miami, Fla, 96 (ill.), 97 (ill.), 102; Potomac River, tributary, 101; underwater, 93 (ill.), 94. (ill.), 95 (ill.) Chanute, Octave, ix Charting, 72; coast, 83, 88 Chattahoochee River, opp. 50 (ill. and map) Cherry Point, Virginia, 46 (ill.), 47 (map) Chesapeake Bay, xi; Lambs Creek on, 48 (ill.); low lands along, 87; marshlands difficult to chart, 76 (ill.); wavy surface, 90 (ill.). Cinder Cone, California, 57, 62 (ill.), 63 (map); top, 64 (ill.) City geography, 17 (ill.), opp. 26, 54 (ill.), opp. 74, 79 City planners, 1, 11 City planning, 12 (ill.); Columbus, Ga., opp. 26 (ill. and map) Clouds Rest, California, 60 (ill.) Coast Charting, 83, 88 Coast surveys, experiments in mapping in United States, France, etc., 88 Coastal mud flats. See Mud flats Colonial Beach, Va., 83, 87 Color screen, 102 Columbus, Ga., opp. 26 (ill. and map); meanders near, 50, opp. 50 (ill. and map) Columbus, Ga.-Ala., topographic sheet, opp. 50 Construction records, 11 Controls, 74 Coral islands, 93 Corona, Cal., topographic sheet, 68 Corsons Inlet, New Jersey, 28 (ill.) Cousaic Marsh, Virginia, 34 (ill.), 35 (map); details, 31 (ill.) Craters, 27, 57; Cinder Cone, California, 62 (ill.), 63 (map), 64 (ill.) Cusps, Beach Haven, New Jersey, 80 (ill.); Sandy Hook, 78 (ill.) Dayton, Ohio, 56 Deanewood, D. C., 13 Deltas, underwater, 33 (ill.), 45, 82 (ill.), 83 (ill.), 84 (ill.), 85 (ill.) Depressions and elevations, interpreting, 4, 5 District of Columbia, Anacostia flats, 12 Drainage systems, 27; Lee Marsh, Virginia, 30 (ill.). See also Marsh drainage Drowned topography, 45; terraces at mouth of Piankatank River, 46 (ills.); valley—Lambs Creek, Virginia, 48 (ill.); valley—Roberts Creek, Virginia, 94 (ill.), 102 East Rockaway Inlet, Long Island, 100 (ill.) Eastern Shore of Virginia, 41; mud-flat area, stream system, 42 (ill.), 43 (ill.) Eastman mapping camera, opp. 74; recording symbols, 2, 3 (ill.) El Capitan, 60 (ill.) Elevations and depressions, interpreting, 4, 5 Ellipse, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Eltham Marsh, Virginia, 36 (ill.), 37 (map), 39 Emulsions, 102 Engineering, 11; projects covering large areas, 12, opp. 22 (ill. and map) Erie, Lake, 72, 73 (ill. and map) Erosion, headward, 57, 65 (ill.), 68 (ill.) Everglades, 27 Exploration, 71 Exposure, 102 Eye versus camera, 5, 101 Far Rockaway, Long Island, 100 (ill.) Filters, 102 Fishing Bay, Virginia, 46 (ill.), 47 (map) Flats. See Mud flats Flood plain, 33 (ill.) Florida coast, channels and shoals near Miami, 96 (ill.), 97 (ill.), 102; coral heads and pinnacle rocks, 93 Flowerfield, Mich., 52 (ill.), 53 (map) Forests, 23 Gardens, 12 Genesee River, opp. 74 (ill. and map) Geologic maps, 69 Geology, 69 Glacial drift plain, 52 (ill.) 55 Glaciers, 57; glacial gorge, Mt. Shasta, 59 (ill.); Mt. Shasta, 58 (ill.) Gloucester Point, Va., 77, 83 Goddard, G. W., 72 Gorges, 57, 61; Genesee River, opp. 74. (ill. and map); glacial gorge on Mt. Shasta, 59 (ill.); San Joaquin Hills, California, 68 (ill.); Yosemite Valley, 60 (ill.) Grand Trunk Railway, near Schoolcraft, Mich., 56 (ill.) Great Plains, 50; river channel—Red River, 51 (ill.) Gwynn Island, Virginia, 46 (ill.), 47 (map) Half Dome, 60 (ill.) Hampton, Va., small stream near, 33 (ill.) Headward erosion, 57, 65 (ill.), 68 (ill.) Hell Gate Bridge, 11, 15 (ill.) Hereford Inlet, New Jersey, 98 (ill.) Hill Marsh, Virginia, 34 (ill.), 35 (map), 38 Hooks. See under Spits Hotlum Glacier, Mt. Shasta, 58 (ill.), 59 Hudson River and West Point, 8 (ill.) Ice cap, 57 Inclinometer, 2, 3 (ill.) Index map showing areas photographed, 75 Inlets, formation through barrier beach, 81 (ill.); Hereford Inlet, New Jersey, 98 (ill.); River, New Jersey, 82 (ill.); tidal—Beach Haven, N. J., 85 (ill.) Introduction, ix Iroquois, Lake, opp. 74 Islands, tied, 77 (ill.); at Napatree Point, Rhode Island, 92 (ill.) Ives, H. E., 6, 79 James River and Mulberry Island, 24 (ill.), 25 (map) Jones, E. Lester, 74, 88 Jones, John Paul, 7; mausoleum, 9 (ill.) Kenilworth, D. C., 13 Kettleholes, 52 (ill.), 53 (map), 55, 56 (ill.) Kilmarnock, Va., topographic sheet, 47 Lambs Creek, Virginia, 48 (ill.) Land forms, submerged, 45 Landscape gardeners, 1, 11 Landscape gardening, 11, 12 (ill.), 13 (ill.); Long Branch, N. J., 18 (ill.) Langley, S. P., ix Langley Field, xi Lassen Peak, 57, 62 (ill.), 63 (map) Lassen Peak, Cal., topographic sheet, 63 Lava, 62 Lee, Robert E., statue, 12 (ill.) Lee Marsh, Virginia, 36 (ill.); details, 30 (ill.) Library of Congress, 7 Little Egg Harbor, New Jersey, 81, 85 Little Egg Inlet, New Jersey, 86 (ill.), 87, 91 (ill.) Little Hell Gate, 15 (ill.) Long Beach, Long Island, 100 (ill.) Long Beach, New Jersey, 84 (ill.), 85 Long Branch, N. J., part, showing barrier beach development, 18 (ill.) Long Island, East Rockaway Inlet, 100 (ill.); Far Rockaway bars, channels, beaches, and marsh, 100 (ill.); Rockaway Beach, 11, 17 (ill.); Hell Gate Bridge to, 15 (ill.) Los Angeles, 79; map of region between Santa Monica and, 67 Lower Cedar Point, Maryland, 87 (ill.) Ludlam Beach, New Jersey, 28 (ill.) Map, index of photographed areas, 75 Mapping, city, 79; from the air, 72 Mapping camera, opp. 22; experiment with, 53, 56 Maps, air mapping and, 74; air photograph adjustment, 35; use of air photographs in revising, 79 Marsh drainage, 27, 29 Marshes, 27; Chesapeake Bay, difficult to chart, 76 (ill.); details of drainage, 30 (ill.); details of frequently submerged, 31 (ill.); Far Rockaway, Long Island, 100 (ill.); salt marsh areas of coastal plain, 32 (ill.); salt marsh features, 92; stream development in tidal marsh, 28 (ill.) Mathews, Va., topographic sheet, 47 Mattaponi River, 29, 36, 38 Meanders, 33 (ill.), 38; abandoned, 50; Chattahoochee River, opp. 50 (ill. and map); marsh, 27 Menoher, C. T., xi Mexican border, 71 Miami, Fla, channels and shoals, 96 (ill.), 102; dredged channel, 97 (ill.), 102 Michigan, glacial drift plain, 52 (ill.), 53 (map) Military Academy. See United States Military Academy Military observation, 4, 6 Mjöberg, Eric, 71 Monument Avenue, Richmond, Va., 12 (ill.) Moraines, 52 (ill.), 53 (map), 55, 57; Mt. Shasta, 59 (ill.) Mosaics, 12, 20, 22 (ill.); Anacostia River, D. C., land along, opp. 22 (Fig. 13); Columbus, Ga., opp. 26 (Fig. 17); Mulberry Island, Virginia, 24 (ill.); Rochester, N. Y., opp. 74 (ill. and map) Mountains, 22, 27; features, 57; of volcanic origin—Cinder Cone, etc., California, 62 (ill.), 63 (map) Mud flats, 36; coastal, 41; stream channels and, 42 (ill.), 43 (ill.) Mulberry Island, Virginia, 24 (ill.), 25 (map) Mumfort Islands, Virginia, 77 Muskrats, 29, 39 Napatree Point, Rhode Island, 92 (ill.) Naval Academy. See United States Naval Academy New angles, 7 New Guinea, 7 New Kent, Va., topographic sheet, 27, 35, 37 New Point Comfort, spit, 90 (ill.) New York Connecting Railroad Bridge. See Hell Gate Bridge New York Harbor, xi Newport News, Va., xi, 11; shipyards, 14 (ill.) Oblique photographs, 1 Ocean City, N. J., 32 (ill.); hook, 89 (ill.) Oil, prospecting for, 71 Ores, 69 Orientation, 61 Oxbows, 33 (ill.), 50 Pamunkey River, 29, 36, 38; Cousaic Marsh, 31 (ill.); Eltham Marsh, 36 (ill.), 37 (map): marshes, 27; Sweet Hall Marsh, 34 (ill.), 35 (map) Panchromatic film, opp. 74 Paris, mapping, 79 Pecos River, 70 (ill.) Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge, 13, opp. 22 (ill. and map) Perry, Commodore, 72 Photographs, mosaic. See Mosaics Photography, airplane. See Air photography Piankatank River, Virginia, drowned terraces at mouth, 46 (ills.) Pictures from new angles, 7 Plains, glacial drift, 55; glacial drift, Michigan, 52 (ill.), 53 (map); photographing from the air, 50 Popes Creek, Virginia, 83 (ill.) Poquoson River, Virginia, 76, 94 (ill.) Port Clinton, Ohio, 72, 73 (ill. and map) Potomac Park, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Potomac River, xi, 16 (ill.); channels, tributary, 101; Lower Cedar Point, spit, 87 (ill.); Popes Creek and, 83 (ill.); Powells Creek and, 93 (ill.); Quantico Creek and, 95 Potter, Lieutenant, opp. 74 Powells Creek, Virginia, 93 (ill.), 101 Put-in-Bay, 72, 73 (ill. and map) Quantico Bay, 95 (ill.) Quantico Creek, 95 (ill.) Rahbeg, Arabia, 101 Railroads, 23 Randalls Island, 15 (ill.) Ray filter, 102 Reconnaissance work, 69, 71 Red River, Texas-Oklahoma, 50, 51 (ill.) Relief, means for showing, 5; representation on maps, 66 Revision of maps, 79 Richmond, Va., Monument Ave., etc., 12 (ill.) Rivers, 22; Plains—Red River, 50; miniature system, 33 (ill.) Roads, 23 Roberts Creek, Virginia, 94 (ill.) Rochester, N. Y., 2, opp. 74 (ill. and map) Rochester, N. Y., topographic sheet, opp. 74 Rockaway Beach, Long Island, 11; part, showing development, 17 (ill.) Rocks, Florida coast experiment, 93; sedimentary, 69, 70 (ill.); study of, 69 Royal Arches, California, 60 (ill.) San Joaquin Hills, California, 68 (ill.) Sand bars, 45, 46 (ill.); Cape Charles, Virginia, 99 (ill.); Far Rockaway, Long Island, 100 (ill.) Sandy Hook, N. J., 78 (ill.) Santa Monica, Cal., 65, 66; map of region between Los Angeles and, 67 Santa Monica Mountains, 57, 66 (ill.), 67 (map) Santa Monica, Cal., topographic sheet, 67, 79 Scale in vertical photographs, viii, 74 Schoolcraft, Mich., 54 (ill.), 55 (map), 56, 72; kettleholes near, 56 (ill.) Schoolcraft, Mich., topographic sheet, 53, 55 Seashore, 22 Sedge grass, 29, 30, 38 Sentinel Rock, 60 (ill.) Sepulveda Canyon, California, 66 (ill.), 67 (map) Sevenmile Beach, New Jersey, spit and shoal, 98 (ill.) Severn River, Virginia, 7, 9 (ill.) Shadows, 5, 61 Shark River Inlet, New Jersey, 82 (ill.) Shasta, Mt., 57, 58 (ill.); glacial gorge on, 59 (ill.) Shipyards, 11; Newport News, 14 (ill.) Shoals, 45, 84 (ill.), 85, 94 (ill.); Hereford Inlet, New Jersey, 98 (ill.); Miami, Fla., 96 (ill.), 97 (ill.), 102 Shore features, 83 Shrubbery, 13 (ill.) Sierra Nevada Mountains, Cal., 62 (ill.), 63 (map) Silt, 29, 36, 39 Simi Hills, California, 65 (ill.) Simons, J. W., Jr., xi Sky, cloudy and overcast, 49 Spa Creek, Maryland, 7, 9 (ill.) Spits, lines of growth, Tucker Beach, New Jersey, 91 (ill.); recurved, 88 (ill.), 89 (ill.), 90 (ill.); Sevenmile Beach, New Jersey, 98 (ill.); simple spit, 87 (ill.) State-War-Navy Building, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Stereoscopic camera, 6 Stevens, A. W., opp. 74, 89 Stone Canyon, California, 66 (ill.), 67 (map) Stonington, Conn., 92 Stove Point Neck, Virginia, 46 (ill.), 47 (map) Stream channels and mud flats, 41, 42 (ill.) Streams, development in tidal marsh, 28 (ill.) See also Rivers Submarine geography, 45 Submarines, 101 Submerged land forms, 45 Submerged objects, detection, 101 Sunken mines, 101 Sunlight, 49 Surface, general aspects as seen from the air, 22 Swamps, 27 Sweet Hall Marsh, Virginia, 34 (ill.), 35 (map), 39 Swiss school of hill shading, 66 Terraces, underwater, 15, 94 (ill.) Texas-Oklahoma boundary, 51 (ill.) Thomas, H. H., 101 Thoroughfares, 34 (ill.), 35 (map), 39; Eltham Marsh, 36 (ill.) Tidal Basin, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Tidal deltas, 82 (ill.), 83 (ill.); Barnegat Inlet, 84 (ill.), 85 Tidal inlet, Beach Haven, N. J., 85 (ill.) Tidal marshes, stream development, 28 (ill.) Tied island, 77 (ill.); development—Napatree Point, Rhode Island, 92 (ill.) Tombolos, 92 (ill.) Topographic mapping, 72 Treasury Building, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Trees, 13 (ill.) Tucker Beach, New Jersey, spit, 91 (ill.) Underwater topography, 45; best conditions for photographing, 47; channel in Quantico Bay, 95 (ill.); channels (natural) at Miami, Fla., 96 (ill.), 102; channels, shoals, terraces—Roberts Creek, Virginia, 94 (ill.); Chesapeake Bay, 90 (ill.) United States Army Air Service, viii, xi, xii United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, 74; coast line charting, 87, 88; Florida coast experiment, 93 United States Geological Survey, co-operation, xii United States Land Office, 56 United States Military Academy, 8 (ill.) United States Naval Academy, 7, 9 (ill.) United States Naval Observatory, 13 (ill.) United States Navy Air Service, viii, xi, xii Vertical photographs, 1; scale, viii, 74; horizontal control, 74 Viewpoint, 1 Village, prototype, 54 (ill.) Virginia, Eastern Shore mud-flat area, stream system, 41, 42 (ill.), 43 (ill.); tidewater portion, 38 Visibility under water, 102 Volcanic craters. See Craters Volmat, J., 99, 101 War and Navy offices, new, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Wards Island, 15 (ill.) Warwick Creek and Mulberry Island, Virginia, 24 (ill.), 25 (map) Washington, D. C., Capitol, frontispiece, 7; Library of Congress, 7; mapping, 79; part showing White House, Treasury, and many familiar features, 16 (ill.); topographic map, part, opp. 22; United States Naval Observatory, 13 (ill.) Washington Column, California, 60 (ill.) Washington Monument, 16 (ill.) Wash-overs, 81 (ill.), 86 (ill.) Watch Hill, R. I., 92 Water, Visibility under, 102 West Point, N. Y., United States Military Academy at, 2, 8 (ill.) West Point, Va., 36 (ill.), 38; marshes, 29, 30 (ill.) White House, Washington, D. C., 16 (ill.) Wichita Falls, Tex., 51 Wildwood, N. J., 98 Wintun Glacier, 58 (ill.) Wright, Orville, ix Wright, Wilbur, ix York River, 38, 76, 83, 87; shoreline, 77 (ill.) Yosemite and Mt. Lyell topographic sheets, 61 Yosemite Valley, 60 (ill.), 61 (map)

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