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Olympic Victor Monuments and Greek Athletic Art

CONTENTS.

Reading edition

Chapter I.

PAGE

Early Greek Games and Prizes1-42

Sports in Crete1

Athletics in Homer7

Origin of Greek Games in the Cult of the Dead9

Early History of the Four National Games14

Early Prizes for Athletes18

Dedication of Athlete Prizes21

Dedication of Statues at Olympia and Elsewhere24

Honors Paid to Victors by their Native Cities32

Votive Character of Victor Dedications37

Miscellaneous Memorials to Victors40

Honorary Statues41

Chapter II.

General Characteristics of Victor Statues at Olympia43-98

Size of Victor Statues45

Nudity of Victor Statues47

The Athletic Hair-fashion50

Iconic and Aniconic Statues54

Portrait Statues55

Aniconic Statues58

Aesthetic Judgments of Classical Writers58

Greek Originals of Victor Statues62

Canons of Proportion65

Assimilation of Olympic Victor Statues to Types of Gods and Heroes71

Athlete Statues Assimilated to Types of Hermes75

Athlete Statues Assimilated to Types of Apollo88

Athlete Statues Assimilated to Types of Herakles93

Athletes Represented as the Dioskouroi96

Chapter III.

Victor Statues Represented at Rest99-172

The Apollo Type100

The Affiliated Schools of Argos and Sikyon109

The School of Argos109

The School of Sikyon118

Aeginetan Sculptors122

Attic Sculptors126

General Motives of Statues at Rest130

Adoration and Prayer130

Anointing133

Oil-scraping135

Libation-pouring138

Resting after the Contest144

Attributes of Victor Statues147

Primary Attributes of Victor Statues148

The Victor Fillet148

Fillet-binders150

The Crown of Wild Olive155

The Palm-branch160

Secondary Attributes of Victor Statues161

Hoplitodromoi161

Pentathletes164

Boxers165

Wrestlers165

Caps for Boxers, Pancratiasts, and Wrestlers165

The Swollen Ear167

Chapter IV.

Victor Statues Represented in Motion173-256

The Tyrannicides173

Antiquity of Motion Statues in Greece176

Pythagoras and Myron178

Motion Statues representing Victors in Various Contests188

Runners: Stadiodromoi, Diaulodromoi, Dolichodromoi190

The Statue of the Runner Ladas196

Statues of Boy Runners200

Hoplitodromoi203

Pentathletes210

Jumpers214

Diskoboloi218

Akontistai222

Wrestlers228

Boxers234

Pancratiasts246

Chapter V.

Monuments of Hippodrome and Musical Victors257-285

Programme of Hippodrome Events259

Representations of the Chariot-race262

Chariot-groups at Olympia264

Remains of Chariot-groups269

The Apobates Chariot-race272

Statues of Charioteers274

Dedications of Victors in the Horse-race at Olympia and Elsewhere278

Monuments Illustrating the Horse-race280

The Apobates Horse-race282

Dedications of Musical Victors at Olympia and Elsewhere283

Chapter VI.

Two Marble Heads from Victor Statues286-320

The Group of Daochos at Delphi, and Lysippos286

The Apoxyomenos of the Vatican, and Lysippos288

The Agios and the Apoxyomenos compared, and the Style of Lysippos289

The Head from Olympia293

The Olympia Head and that of the Agias294

Identification of the Olympia Head298

The Dates of Philandridas and Lysippos300

Lysippos as a Worker in Marble, and Statue “Doubles”302

The Head of a Statue of a Boy from Sparta, and the Art of Skopas303

Comparison of the Tegea Heads and the Head from Sparta308

The Styles of Skopas and Lysippos Compared311

The Sparta Head Compared with that of the Philandridas316

The Sparta Head an Eclectic Work and an Example of Assimilation318

Chapter VII.

The Materials of Olympic Victor Monuments, and the Oldest-dated Victor Statue321-338

The Case for Bronze321

The Case for Stone323

The Statue of Arrhachion at Phigalia326

Egyptian Influence on Early Greek Sculpture328

Early Victor Statues and the “Apollo” Type334

Chapter VIII.

Positions of Victor Statues in the Altis; Olympic Victor Monuments Erected Outside Olympia; Statistics of Olympic Victor Statuaries339-375

Statues Mentioned by Pausanias339

The First Ephodos of Pausanias341

The Second Ephodos of Pausanias348

Summary of Results352

Statues not Mentioned by Pausanias, but known from Recovered Bases353

Olympic Victor Monuments Erected Outside Olympia361

Summary of Results374

Statistics of Olympic Victor Statuaries375

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