INDEX.
Reading edition
(Pages 1 to 206 are in Part I.: 207 onwards, in Part II.)
Abrachis (Hipparchus), 193
Abul Hazan, 184
Abul Wefa, 183, 194
“Acerba,” 227, 243
Achernar, 12, 155, 156, 295
Achilles, Shield of, 53
Adam, 349, 438
Albategnius, 183, 193, 202, 239, 275
Albertus Magnus, 204, 232, 237, 239, 241, 292, 306, 324, 342, 432, 443, 454
”and meteors, 319
Albert of Saxony, 464, n. 465
Al Betrugi (Alpetragius), 184
Albumassar, 239, 245, 443, 473
Alchabicius, 202
Alchemy, 212-13, 215
Aldebaran, 155, 156
Alexander the Great, 79, 80, 112, 145
Alexandria, 113, 118, 122, 134, 135, 156, 157, 172
”Astronomers of, 122, 124, 137, 153, 163, 171, 175, 288
”Museum and observatory of, 113, 114, 116, 117, 122, 135
”School of, 112 et seq., 163
Alfarcatein, 187, 234
Alfonso X., 195, 203, 242
Alfraganus, 183, 233-37, 243
”editions of, 235, 437, n. 458
”geography of, 337
”writings of, 184 et seq., 193-4
”and climates, 324, 397
” ” colure, 403
” ” Dante, 253, 254, 273, 275, 286, 288-90, 299, 313, 315,
328, 335, 347, 403, n. 403, 436-37, 444, 448-51, 458-9
” and eclipses, 338
” ” meteors, 320
” ” moon, 349, 448-49
” ” precession, 288, 439
” ” Regulus, 406
” ” Ristoro, 245-47
Algazel, 245
Almagest, 114, n. 115, 123, 136, 154, 159, 163, 182, 184, 193, 209, 218, 232, 238
” translations of, 201-2
Al Mamun, 182, 185, 186, 192
‘Almanach Dantis Aligherii,’ 421-23
Al Mansur, 181
Alpha Draconis, 127
” Centauri, 155, 191
” Phœnicis, 156
Amerigo Vespucci, 294
Anaxagoras, 60, 61, 76, 98, 239, 305
Anaximander, 26, 56, 66, 75, 76, 91, 99
Anaximenes, 60, 98
Andrea Corsali, 294
Angelitti, Prof., 281, 410, 415, 417, 423
Angels, 249, 284, 302, 311, 388, 414-15, 441, 477, 482-84, 489, 494
Angelo de Gubernatis, n. 399
Anomaly, of planets, 140, 143
Antæus, 371
Antares, 30
Antichthon, 71, 75, 101, 236
Antipodes, 66, 176, 324
Antonelli, n. 295
Apogee, 119;
of moon, 148, 449, 450;
of sun, 146, 193
Apollonius, 118, 141
Aquarius, 33, n. 36, 145, 149, 156, 277, 290, 385
Aquila, 12
Aquinas, St. Thomas, 201, 204 et seq., 211, 237, 238, 241, 306, 339, 454, 479, 483, 484
Arabs (see also Mahomedan)
” astronomers, 218;
year, 39;
zodiac, 30
” and astrology, 213;
astronomy, 181 et seq.
Aratus, 25 Note, 31, 32, 34, 35, n. 35, 58, 168
Archimedes, 107
Arcturus, 36, 52, 155, 190, 191
Arculf, 176
Argo, n. 36
Aries (see also Ram), 40, n. 43, 265, 279, 281, 290, 325, 356, 368, 373, 374, 387, 398, n. 399
” first point of, 129, 185, 277, 357, 403, 404
” and astrology, 249
” ” Jupiter, 418
” ” Mars, 476
” ” Sun, 277, 278, 281, 323, 325, 333, 367, 368, 383, 396, 398, 402-5, 418, 419, 422, 473
Aristarchus, 107 et seq., 111, 120, 121, 153, 191, 492
Aristophanes, 162
Aristotle, 58, 66, 95 et seq.
” cosmogony of, 101-02, 103 et seq., 123, 160, 201, 204
” influence on science, 80, 136, 182, 184, 193
” translations of, 214, 237
” and Arabs, 184
” ” Averroës, 463
” ” Calippus, 95, 107
” ” the Galaxy, 237, 305, 306
” ” Dante, 235-38, 241, 254-55, 261, 301, n. 321, 342,
431, 442, 451, 454, 464-65, 480-84
” ” gravity, 445
” ” Latin authors, 170
” ” Mars, 310, 433
” ” meteors, 319, 321
” ” music of the spheres, 455
” ” Plato, 85
” ” southern hemisphere, 353
” ” spheres 431, 432, 434, 461
Aruns, 472
Aryabhata, 110-11
Arym, 247, 329
Arzachel, 184, 195
Asdente, 212, 472
Assisi, St. Francis of, 271
Astrolabe, 114, 115, 122, 144, 192, 202, 203, 341
” invention of, 115, 133
Astrologers, 213, 231, 369, 419, 469, 476
” of Brescia, 211;
13th century, 216
Astrology (see also Star Influence, and Astronomy, Judicial), 6, 45, 47, 157, 161, 172, 211 et seq.,
218, 243, 245, 249, 308, 471, 476, 478-9
” Arab, 183, 200, 213
” books on, 202-3
” Egyptian, 113, 157
” Jewish, 213
” professors of, 200
” and planets, 211
Astronomy, Alexandrian, 112 et seq., 218, 231, 288, 335
” Arab, 181 et seq., 190, 204, 232, 239, 243, 245, 461-3
” Babylonian, 40 et seq., 209, 421 (see also Babylonians)
” Chinese, 29 et seq., 115
” Egyptian, 209 (see also Egyptians)
” Greek, 209, 236, 314, 445, 461 (see also Greeks)
” Indian (see Hindu, and India)
” judicial, 124, 213, 233, 261 (see also Astrology)
” Moorish, n. 200, 203
” Persian, 195
” primitive of, 25 et seq.
” in Spain, 183, 194
” taught by Church, 176
” personified, 217
” and Dante, 1
Atlas, 98; Mt. Atlas, 53
Augustine, St., 175, 238, 239, 479
Augustus, Emperor, 171, 175, 319, 359
Auriga (Charioteer), 144
Averroës, 184, 204, 232, 239, 246, 342, 432, 462
Avicenna, 202, 239, 247, 305
Babylon, 69, 80, 156, 181
Babylonia, 18, 36, 81
Babylonians, 36-38;
astronomers, 110, 125, 127, 144, 161
” and astronomy, 43-4
”” calendar, 40 et seq.
”” cosmogony, 45, 46, 47, 48, 55, 57
”” day division, 27
”” eclipse records, 80, 81, 144
”” gnomon, 26
”” occultations of planets, 105
Bacon, Roger, 202, 249, 275, 292, 342, 343
Baghdad, 141-3, 181 et seq., 245, 432
” astronomers, 194-5
” observatory, 142 (see also Arab Astronomers)
Bartolommeo della Scala, 226, 227
Bear: Great, 12, 25, 36, 52, 56, 157, 187, 297-8, 334;
Little, 25, 56, 187, 297-98, 334 (see also Ursa Major and Minor)
Beatrice, 1, 253, 237, 284, 376, 390, 392, 394, 401, 441, 455, 473
” age of, 253, 288, 413-4
” death of, 224, 253, 254, 314, 316, 414
” Dante’s first meeting with, 253, 272, 273
” guiding Dante, 262, 330, 367, 373, 392, 393, 400, 401
” and Moon, 462, 475
” ” Sun, 271, 392
Beazley, n. 342, n. 384
Bede, 178, 250, 454
Belacqua, 376
Benet Naax, 187, 234
Benevento, 242
Benvenuto da Imola, 383, 418
Betelgeux, 155
Boccaccio, 224, 225, 228, 231, 274, 413, 414, 418, 422
Boëthius, 1, 177, 284, 296
Boffito, Prof., 423
Bologna, 199 et seq., 227, 277 (see also Universities)
Boötes, 52, 284, 298
Borneo, natives of, and gnomon, 26
British Astronomical Association, Journal of, n. 29, n. 34
” Museum, 36, 40
Brown, Robert, 24 Note, 32, n. 34, 35, 156
Brunetto Latini, 218, 225-6, 241-2, 248-9, 274-5, 292, n. 349, 369, 414, 470, 473, 481
Bull, see Taurus
Cacciaguida, 3, 313
Calendar, 29, 36, 47; Ancient, 33, 34
” Arab, 39, 184
” Babylonian, 40, 41, 127
” Berber, Persian, Syrian, 184
” Chinese, 39
” Ecclesiastical, 176, 203
” Egyptian, 39, 184
” Greek, 161, 162, n. 172
” Hindu and Parsee, 127
” Julian, and Roman, 171, 176, 184, 274 et seq.
” luni-solar, 176
” Mahomedan, 39
Calippus, 93, 107, 145, 162; cycle, 172
Callisthenes, 80
Campaldino, 224
Cancer, 145, 174, 185, 269, 277, 280-2, 325, 394, 397
Can Grande della Scala, 416, 426, 441, 473
Canopus, 12, 67, 134, 155, 295
Canton, 27
Capella (star), 155
” Martianus, 170, 177
Capricornus, 33, 43, 144, 185, 277, 282, 325, 342, 360, 374
Carnac, 29
Casella, 374, 414, 426
Cassiodorus, 177
Cassiopeia, 12
Castor and Pollux, 43, 290, 333
Catalano, Friar, 227
Cato, 373-4
Cecco d’ Ascoli, 200, 216, 226, n. 227, 241-4, 249, 478
Celestial Movements, 9-20, 25, 28, 29, 38, 47, 56, 62, 65, 86, 102-3, 105,
136 et seq., 159, 174, 209, 248, 261-4, 299,
357, 367, 409, 429, 430, 432, 438, 457, 483, 487
”direct, 16, 147
”and Alfraganus, 185 et seq.
” ” astrology, 211
” ” Brunetto Latini, 243
” ” tables of, 22, 23
” ” daily, 13
” ” retrograde, 16, 18, 44, 116, 147
Centaur, n. 36, 294; Alpha Centauri, 155
Central Fire, 75, 85, 101, 102, 109, 159
Cetus, n.36
Chalcidius, 238
Chaldea, 172
Charioteer, see Auriga
Charlemagne, 178, 182
Charles of Hungary, 256
Charles of Valois, 318
Chinese, and comets, 45;
gnomon, 20, 114;
year, 38;
zodiac, 29, 31
China, 291, 343
Christian Era, Introduction of, 177
Church, Catholic, 210, 216, 219, 335, 346-8, 410, 419, 431, 432, 480, 483;
and spheres, 433
Cicero, 1, 109, 167-8, 171, 217, 237-9
Cleanthes, 496
Cleomedes, 135, 457
Clepsydra, 27, 115, 122, 133, 141
Climates, 158, 186, 187, 247-8, 324, 347, 397
Clocks, pendulum, 16;
water, 27, 115 (see also Clepsydra)
Colure, 185, 403
Comets, 45, 66, 103, 174, 175, 176, 262,
318 et seq., 487, 490, 491
“Composizione del Mondo,” 244 et seq., 292
Conjunction, 24, 142, 191
“Consolations of Philosophy,” 1
Constantine, 262
Constantinople, 201
Constellations, 454;
ancient, 33, 34, 80
” Arab, 30, 188, 234
” Egyptian, 34;
Hebrew, 34;
Hindu, 30
” figures of, 115, 154-55, 168, 246, 248, 289, 443, 451
” influences of, 246, 451
” naming and origins of, 24 Note, 32, 33, 36, 47, 51, 80, 161
” southern, 246
” and Astrology, 211
“Convivio,” 255, 258, 357, 464, 466, 468, 476
Copernicus, 66, 111, 136, 210
Cordova, 183
Corona Borealis, 299
Corsica, 344, 383, 384
Corvino, 293, 343
Corvus, n. 36
Cosmas Indicopleustes, 175
Cosmogonies, Ancient, 45, 63, 160;
Babylonian, 45, 53, 57;
Egyptian, 45, 53, 83, 109;
Hebrew, 45, 47;
Hindu, 45;
Homeric, 53 do. of Anaximander 58-59;
Aristotle, 103;
Cosmas, 175;
Democritus, 63;
Eudoxus, 88;
Leucippus, 63;
Philolaus, 70;
Plato, 83;
Ptolemy, 150;
Pythagorean, 66-75;
Thales, 55, 56
Coulton, n. 212
Creation, 403, 411, 419
Crystal Spheres, 74, 159 (see also Spheres)
Cunizza, 415, 426, 472
Cycles, 45, 55
Cyprus, 102
Dante, birth of, 211, 273, 413, 426;
childhood, 223;
as Councillor, 224, 414;
as Prior, 224;
in exile, 224;
in Ravenna, 224, 273;
in Mantua, 444;
in Rome, 224, 318;
in Verona, 256, 444;
death, 165, 216, 224, 273
” studies, 223 et seq.;
quoted, 25
” shadow of, in Purgatory, 374, 387-8
” wife of, 224-5
” and Alfraganus, 234, 254, 289, 449; Asdente, 212
” ” Aristotle, 96, 102, 105, 235, 241, 254, 480, 482
” ” ancient writers, 57, 62, 70, 82, 86
” ” astrology, 261; and astronomy, 25
” ” Brunetto Latini, 225, 226, 242
” ” Beatrice, 1, 273
” ” calendar, 274, 275
” ” Date of Vision, 357, 409 et seq.
” ” Classical authors, 237 et seq.
” ” Frederick II., 214
” ” Greek astronomy, 105, 262, 306
” ” philosophers, 461
” ” Homer, 209
” ” geography, 337, 339 et seq.
” ” Jerusalem, 176
” ” Michael Scot, 215
” ” Milton, 210
” ” Moon, 265 et seq.
” ” music of the Spheres, 455-6
” ” precession, 274 et seq., 439
” ” Philosophy, 255
” ” Ptolemy, 135, 154, 209, 232, 256, 458-9, 468
” ” Roman Empire, 167, 178
” ” science, 1, 219, 258
” ” the Acerba, 244
” ” stars, 283 et seq.
” ” southern stars, 293-5
” ” universities, 226 et seq.
“Dante e gli Astronomi Italiani,” n. 235, n. 315
Day, Arab, 253; definitions of, 14, 22, 25, 26;
divisions of, 52, 161;
length of, 186;
sidereal, 12,
definition of, 22;
solar, 12;
Church, 348
Decimal Notation, introduced, 182
Declination, definition of, 126
“De Cœlo” (“On the Heavens”), of Aristotle, 96, n. 96, 105, 170, n. 232, 236, 431, 464
translations of, 214
“De Cœlo” of Albertus Magnus, n. 232, 342
Deferent, definition of, 138; 145, n. 149, 193
Degrees, invention of, 44
Delambre, n. 35, n. 126, 149, 156, n. 460
Della Lana, Jacopo, 418
Della Valle, n. 398
Del Virgilio, 227
Democritus, 64 et seq., 98, 239, 305
Denebola, 155
“De Substantia Orbis,” 184
Dicuil, 178
Dilgan, 40, 42, 127
Dionysius Exiguus, 177
” the Academician, 239
” ” Areopagite, 483
Direct Motion, 16
Divine Comedy, 237-8, 353, 402, 409
Dominicans, 204, 241
Domitian, 171
Dream of Scipio, 109, 169, 237
Dreyer, n. 460
Dupuis, 34
Earth, 393, 395, 398-401, 490, 491
” centre of, 353, 372, 424, 481
” ” of universe, 66, 75, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 96, 98, 99, 100, 109, 112, 120, 137,
160, 169, 185, 203, 205, 209, 219, 431, 444, 461, 489
” Counter-, see Antichthon
” dimensions of, 71, 102, 117, 118, 134, 157, 160, 169, 182, 185, 186, 190, 216, 458, 487, 490
” distance from sun, 108, 189
” form of, 56, 59, 63, 66, 67-8, 71, 72, 83, 91, 96, 98, 100, 160, 175, 185, 186
” habitable part, 205, 247, 248, 335, 342, 353, 369, 372, 391, 397, 398, 436, 444, 446, 451, 487
” in equilibrium, 100
” measurement of, 103, 117, 134
” motion of, 17, 66, 70, 71, 85, 88, 99, 101, 142, 186;
” movement of, 431, 438
” resting on air, 63; on water, 56, 98
” revolution round sun, 13, 66, 107, 109, 110, 120, 146, 159, 210, 256, 492
” rotation on axis, 13, 72, 75, 85, 88, 101, 108, 110, 136, 159, 210, 492
” shadow of, 67, 96, 191, 346, 459, 460
” spherical form of (see also form of earth), 102, 209, 219, 237, 487
Earthly Paradise, see Eden
Easter, 176, 177, 203, 275, 405, 418, 420, 422, 424
” year, 415
Ebn Jounis, 183
Eccentrics, 118, 119, 121, 141 et seq., 193, 210, 235
Eclipses, 18, 55, 57, 67, n. 76, 117, 168, 174, 175, 192, 203, 262, 255 et seq., 266, 465
” annular, 44
” Babylonian records, 80, 96, 113, 144
” lunar, 44, 45, 55, 67, 125, 185, 338, 340, 341, 469
” solar, 245, 338
Ecliptic, 18, 55, 117, 126, 129, 130, 145, 147, 185, 279, 312, 325, 330, 331, 333, 397, 403, 404, 476
Ecphantus, 75, 102
Eden, 205, 295, 296, 334, 349, 353, 394, 401, 453, 454
” Richard, 299
‘Egyptian System,’ 109, 120
” year, 38, 45
Egyptians (also Egypt), 27, 28, 36, 45, 67
” astronomers, 55, 56, 105, 124, 125, 144
” astrology, 113, 120, 156
” astronomy, 34, 45, 46, 51, 80, 113, 184
” cosmogony, 45, 53, 55
” and Eudoxus, 66, 88, 100, 151
” ” Pythagoras, 67
” ” eclipses, 45
‘Elementa Astronomica,’ 184, 234, 253, 273, 313, 320, 347
” translations of, 234
Elements, The Four, 62, 83, 103, 236, 441 et seq. , 461, 478
” ” creation of, 441
” ” and Aristotle, 236, 442
Ellipse, n. 94
Elongation, Greatest, E. and W., 142; definition of, 15
Empedocles, 60, 62, 98, 369
Empyrean, 204, n. 232, 253, 296, 313, 353, 393, 401, 433, 440, 444, 462, 447, 484, 210, 235, 256,
Epicycles, def. of, 138 et seq., 121, n. 149, 187, 193, 194,
314, 429, 435, 449, 457, 466, 483, 488, 492
” of Venus, 142, 435
Epping and Strassmeier, n. 36
Equator (celestial), 10 et seq., 18, 35, n. 35, 65, 115, 126, 130, 185, 323,
330, 334, 368, 383, 392, 397, 403, 404, 439, 448, 476
” terrestrial, 238, 246, 247, 322, 324, 329, 336, 337, 342
Equinox, 30, 124, 126, 274, 278, 282, 326, 330, 334, 340, 347, 348, 349,
354, 356, 368, 372, 383, 387, 392, 402-7, 410, 418, 420-3
” date of, 26, 176, 177, 185
” definition of, 12
” observation of, 39, 94, 116, 124, 125
” position of, n. 44, 185
” precession of, 23, 24, 35, 125, 133, 135, 137, 161, 193, 194,
232, 275, 287, 356, 384, 432, 435, 439, 483, 488
” and Alfraganus, 439
Eratosthenes, 117, 134, 240
Eridanus, (“The River”) n. 35, n. 36, 155, 156
Eridu, 46
Esdras, 342
Ether, 104, 110, 137, 159, 193, 433, 461, 466, 480, 488, 491
Ethiopia, 336; Ethiopians, 53
Euclid, 118, 202
Euctemon, 93, 161
Eudoxus, 66 et seq., 34, 80, 235;
spheres of, 90, 106, 107, 109, 112, 113, 118, 123, 141, 159, 161, 170
” and Calippus, 93, 94; and Egypt, 80, 100, 159; and Plato, 81, 88, 159
Eunoe, 366, 390, 392
Evection, 147
Farinata, 413, 417
Fergil, 178
Filelfo, 471
Fire; Central, 431;
sphere or region of, 58, 308, 442, 480, 487
First Mover, 106, 159, 204, 254, 444, 478, 483, 484, 489
Fishes (see Pisces)
Florence, 1, 158, 201, 211, 215, 216, 224, 225, 226, 242,
283, 318, 345, 350, 406, 411-14, 417, 421, 471
Folco, 346, 459, 472
Fomalhaut, 155, 156
Forese, 367
Forest, The, 266, 358, 367, 369, 378, 386, 406
Francis, St., 271
Frederick II., 202, 213 et seq.
Gades, 340, 345, 366, 395, 397
Galaxy, 61, 103, 115, 154, 168, 232, 239, 301, 303 et seq., 477
Galileo, 107, 210
Gallus, Sulpicius, 167
Ganges, 205, 340-5, 360, 365, 388, 397, 400
Gardner, E. G., 228
Gemini (see also Twins), 43, 44, 145, 149, 273, 280-1, 290,
333, 366, 387, 393, 394, 397, n. 399, 404, 461, 473
Geminus, n. 93, 134
Genoa, 293
Geography, 240, 344;
Arab, 246, 247;
Alfraganus’, 186;
Ptolemy’s, 146, 157, 186
Geryon, 369
Ghibellines, 213, 227
Giambullari, 419
Giuliani, 280
Gnomon, defined, 13, 26, 28, 47, 56, 114, 116, 122, 125, 161
” introduced into Greece, 26
” and Babylonians, 26;
Chinese, 29, 114;
Borneo, 26
Goat, see Capricorn
Golius, 235
Good Friday, 423-26
Gravity, 100, 137, 160, 169, 191, 237, 445, 447, 482, 493
Greek Astronomers and Astronomy, 27, 28, 36, 51 et seq., 112, 159, 168, 171,
172, 176, 178, 200, 204, 433, 446, 463, 495
Gruppe, n. 76
Guelfs, 413
Guido Bonatti, 213, 472
Guido Cavalcanti, 416, 426
Guido of Montefeltro, 213
Hades, 54
Hammurabi, 40
Haroun al Raschid, 182
He, and Ho, Chinese astronomers, 30
Heath, n. 75-76
Heaven, eighth, 366, 402, 475
” fourth, 284
” ninth, 233
” seventh, 284, 455
” third, 429, 483
” of fire, 58 (see also fire)
” of Jupiter, 393
” of Mars, 303, 313, 393
” of Mercury, 332, 441
” of the Moon, 392, 431, 447, 455, 484
” of Saturn, 301, 393, 407
” of Stars, 288, 304, 393
” of the Sun, 240, 256, 272, 373, 381, 431
” of Venus, 256, 393, 429, 435, 459, 483
Heavens (see also Star sphere), 58, 59, 67, 91, 209, 253, 254, 256, 262,
300, 393, 429, 431, 435, 484, 447
” influence of, 266
” revolution of, 9, 18, 20, 51, 57, 62, 63, 70, 74, 75, 82, 85,
88, 98, 102, 104, 108, 124, 136, 137, 185
(see also Celestial motions)
Hebrew cosmogony, 46, 57; year, 39
Heinrich of Mainz, 343, 384
Heliacal rising, 39, 40, 44, 45, 52, 191
Hell, 205, 353, 358, 367 to 371, 390, 423
Hemisphere, Southern, 286, 322, 329, 330, 334, 336, 339, 353, 407, 443, 447
Henry VII., Emperor, 271
Heracleides, 74, 75, 102, 109
Hercules, Pillars of, 34, 54, 103, 205, 340, 344, 345
Herodotus, 55
Hesiod, 51, 52, 161
Hesperus, 52
Hicetas, 74, 75
Hindu arithmetic, 182;
astronomy, 181;
calendar, 127;
constellations, 30;
cosmogony, 45;
zodiac, 30
Hindus and eclipses, 45
Hipparchus, 50, 122 et seq., 138, 143, 153, 189, 191, 193, 233, 240, 275, 287, 288, 432, 493
” Star Catalogue of, 123, 144, n. 188
” and Ptolemy, 133-5, 137, 143, 158
Homer, 34, 51, 52, 72
Horoscope, 173, 174, 201, 203, 216, 226
Hose, Dr., 27
Hours, Church, 347, 348;
“Equal,” 27, 347, 356;
“Temporary,” 27, 347, 356
Hyades, 43, 44
Hypatia, 163
Imbriani, n. 227, n. 414
India (see also Hindu), 103, 111, 181, 339, 343
Inferno, 283, 307, 367 et seq., 409-10
” and Brunetto Latini, 226
” ” Michael Scot, 214
Instruments, astronomical, 13, 113, 133, 135, 182, 203, 218
Intelligences, 249, 483
Isaiah, 34, 175
Isidore, 178, 243, 250
Japanese, 38
Jerusalem, 157, 333, 339, 340, 345, 360, 373,
374, 388, 395, 397, 400, 401;
centre of earth, 176, 341, 343, 344, 353, 369;
latitude of, 387, 406
Jews, 25, 213, 216;
astrologer, 202;
astronomers, 203, 421
Job, 34
Johannes Hispalensis, n. 235
Jowett, n. 82
Jubilee year (1300 a.d.), 415
Julius Cæsar, 170, 175, 274
Jupiter, 16, 120, 141, 145, 150, 169, 189, 310, 311, 407, 418, 451, 491
” colour, 17, 311, 467, 473, 477; dimensions, 488, 490
” period, 23, 69, 91, 109, 142, 436, 437
” and astrology, 174, 243, 468, 473, 476, 477
Justinian, 300
Kepler, n. 94
King, L. W., n. 37
Knobel, n. 30
Kugler, n. 35
Leo, 31, 43, 144, 155, 174, 290, 313, n. 399, 406,
407, 410, 411, 418, 420, 422, 423, 473, 476
Lethe, 390
Leucippus, 62, 63
Libra, 31, 185, 265, 278, 325, 365, 378, 380, 388
” and moon, 367, 379, 383, 384, 402, 406, 418
” and sun, 278, 323, 382
Lignières, De, Canons of, 202
“Libros de Saber,” 195
Lion, see Leo
Lionardo Bruni, 223, 225, 236, 413
Livy, 238
Lockyer, Sir Norman, 29, 155
Lodestone (see also magnet), 211, 291
Longfellow, n. 393
Longitude, 338, 339
Lucifer, 371, 372
Lubin, n. 236, n. 315
Lucan, 238, 239, 324, n. 330
Lucia (imaginary city), 323-27
” the lady, 380
Macrobius, 109
Magnet (see also lodestone), 211, 291, 292, 443, 451
Mahaffy, n. 113
Mahomedans, 39, 209, 216
Malacoda, 370, n. 370, 410-12, 426
Malaspina, 278, 279, 473
Manfred, 242, 318, 376
Manilius, 168
Maps, 205, 343, 344, 384;
climate maps, 247, 248;
Greek maps, 247
Marco Lombardo, 479
Marco Polo, 293, 342
Mars, 3, 16, 17, 23, 69, 90, 93, 109, 112, 118, 120, 138,
150, 169, 173, 189, 248, 310, 321, 411, 418, 420,
451, 467, 468, 476, 488, 490
” colour of, 17; dimensions, 488
” period, 436
” occultation of, 105, 310, 433
” sphere of, 477
” and astrology, 174, 243, 473, 477
Mathematics, 79, 81, 105, 107, 121, 135, 151, 184, 203
Matilda, 453
Maunder, E. W., 24 Note, 35, 127
Mediterranean, 395, 398
Mercury, 15, 16, 23, 69, 70, 91, 93, 109, 121, 142 et seq., 144, 169, 189,
245, 249, 309 et seq., 407, 418, 451, 467, 490
” diameter, 236;
dimensions, 458, 477, 488;
period, 436
” and astrology, 173
Meridian, 22, 26, 280, 338, 346, 349, 361, 365, 368, 371, 387, 390, 394-7, n. 398, 439
Meroe, 118
Meteors, 61, 174, 239, 318, 319, 473, 476, 493; meteorites, 490
Meteorology, 236
Meton, 93, 145, 161, 162, 172, 177, 419
Michael Scot, 213 et seq., 237, 306, 472
Milky Way, see Galaxy
Milton, 66, 210, 420, 456
Mimnermus, 53
Montaperti, 242, 413
Month, Babylonian, 41;
Egyptian, 144;
Roman, 253;
Syrian, 253
” defined, 22, 30
” anomalistic, 23;
intercalary, 38, 170;
sidereal, 22, 30
” names of, 171
” synodic, 15, 20, 30, 52, 162, 163
” and moon, 266, 350, 436
Moon, 308, 402, 406, 407, 418, 419, 456, 469, 491
” apogee of, 449
” distance, 105, 108, 148 et seq., 150, 152, 160, 189 et seq., 488
” dimensions of, 56, 114, 152 et seq., 160, 188 et seq.
” ecclesiastical, 419-422
” eclipses, 55
” epicycle, 449
” god, 37
” influence of, 237, 266, 450, 473, 489
” inhabited, 71
” mansions of, 30
” markings on, 61, 231, 248, 266, 269, 392, 393, 462 et seq., 469, 476
” movements of, 13, 14, 18, 29, 100, 105, 114, 117, 146 et seq., 219,
257, 264, 265, 339, 350, 383, 402 et seq.
” orbit, 256
” perigee of, 448, 449
” nodes of, 147
” periods:—sidereal, 264, 436, 437; synodic, 437
” phases of, 14, n. 76, 191, 264, 266, 469, 476;
full, 14, 264, 266, 367, 386, 371, 406, 410, 411, 419, 423;
gibbous, 264, 266;
half, 108, 446;
new, 14, 29, 40, 52, 264
” positions of, 402
” rising, 14, 263, 266, 350
” ” in Purgatory, 363, 378-80, 389
” setting, 14, 263, 265, 350, 367, 369
” ” in Purgatory, 380
” sphere of, 169, 308, 449, 465, 477, 484, 487
” substance, 55, 71, 114, 463 et seq., 494
” waning, 262, 266, 380
” worship of, 25
” and astrology, 173, 174, 249, 268, 407, 419, 450, 472 et seq.
” ” Dante, 261 et seq.
” ” Mars, 310, 433
” ” month, 13, 14, 15, 28, 30, 38, 41, 52, 171
” ” sun, balancing, 265;
contrasted, 268
” ” tides, 189 et seq., 237, 445
” ” time, 266, 349, 367, 369, 370, 406, 419, 488
” ” zodiac, 265
Moore, Dr. E., 236, n. 236, n. 237, 308, n. 326, n. 330, 334, n. 340,
n. 380, 384, n. 411, n. 415, 419, 448, n. 452, n. 469, 471, n. 471
Moors, 201, 203, 214
Morning Star, 312, 314, 373, 410, 420, 421, 422, 470, 477
Morocco, 340, 361
Motion, Law of, 93, 100, 121, 159, 480
Movers, see First Mover, and Spheres
Mulmul, 41
Music of the Spheres, 67, 104
Nabonassar, 144
Naples, 240
Nasir-ed-din, 195
Nestorians, 181, 182, 209
Nero, 171
Newton, 100, 481
Nineveh, 34, 44
Night personified, 278
Nino, 378, 416, 426
Nile, 344
Nones, 219, 348
Observatories, Alexandria, 113, 116, 135;
Baghdad, 182;
Greenwich, 153;
Pekin, 114;
Persian, 195;
The Cape, 153;
of Eudoxus, 88;
of Hipparchus, 122
“Observatory, The,” n. 24, 34
“On the Heavens,“ see De Cælo
Occultations, 105, 145
Omons, 218
Opposition, defined, 174, 119, 141
Orion, 12, 36, 52, 155
Orosius, 240, 341, 343, 384, 438
Ottimo, 273, 418, n. 473
Ovid, 168, 238, 239, 297, 305
Padua, 227
Paradise (see also Eden), Earthly, 285, 295, 344, 345, 353,
366, 373, 385, 390, n. 391, n. 399, 401, 482
Paradise Lost, 210
Parallax, 153, 191
Paris, 158, 201, 204;
University, 154, 228, 241, 242
Parmenides, n. 76, 428
Parsis, 127
Pekin, 114, 116
Pericles, n. 61
Perigee, 23, 119, 148, 150, 448-51
Persia, 209
Petrarch, n. 332
Phaëton, 303, 333
“Phainomena,” of Aratus, 32, 35
Philolaus, 70, 85, 431
Philosophy, 255, 281, 314, 315, 346
Phœnicians, 25, 56
Phosphor, 68, 80
Piccarda, 300
Pietro d’ Abano, 342
Pinches, T. C., 48
Pisces (see also Fishes), 32, 129, 138, 290, 295, 307, 309, 359,
360, 368, 370, 373, n. 380, 383, 385, n. 399,
403, 406, 407, 410, 411, 418, 420, 423, 494-95
Planets, defined, 16, 45, 52, 58, 60, 63, 65, 68, 70, 79, 219, 254, 257, 269, 279,
289, 307 et seq., 312, n. 399, 419, 461, 466, 468, 488, 494-95
” aspects of, 200, 476
” astrology and, 173-4, 211, 219, 243, 249, 405
” distances of, 150, 189, 194
” houses of, 174, 476, n. 473
” influences of, 254, 472, 473, 474
” movements of, 15, 16, 29, 44, 58, 68, 69, 70, 79, 80, 88-90,
104, 118, 123, 138, 159, 248, 312, 330, 331
” names of, 80, 83
” nature of, 461
” periods of, 23, 29, 69, 83, 89, 91, 100, 109, 141, 219, 313, 436
” positions of, 402 et seq., 419
” shadows cast by, n. 280
” varying velocity of, 94, n. 94
” and the sciences, 312
Plato, 80 et seq., 85, 91, 98, 101, 104, 159, 217, 238,
239, 313, 431, 444, 462, 479, 482, 483
Pleiades, 28, 29, 35, 40, 52, 155
” and Australian legend, 28
” ” Tahitan natives, 28
Pliny, 50, 123, 170, 342
Plunkett, Miss, 34
Plutarch, 85, 107, 137, 463
Pole, celestial, 12, 18, 51, 65, 105, 157, 185, 186, 187, 286,
287, 289, 297, 302, 323, 335, 434, 439, 477;
north, 373;
south, 286, 292, 293, 335, 373, 378, 489
” terrestrial, 247, 322;
north, 323, 370;
south, 323
Pole star, 9, 67, 127, 291, 323
Popes, 276, 316;
Boniface VIII., 415, 416;
Gregory IX., 213;
Honorarius II., 214;
Urban IV., 318, 413
Poseidonius, 134, 157, 170, 240
Precession of Equinoxes, see Equinox
Prickard, n. 463
Primum Mobile, 194, 204, 210, 299, n. 232, 291, 308, 313, 381, 400,
401, 432-434, 436, 440, 451, 455, 456, 477, 484
Proclus, 170
Proctor, R. A., n.24, 34, 35
Procyon, 155, 187
Ptolemy, 5, 24 n. 24 n. 34, 134 et seq., 154, 156, 160, 163, 170, 178, 182,
186, 202, 209, 210, 218, 242, 245, 261, 275, 288, 290, 291, 305, 333, 350
” Almagest, 113, 115, 123, 182, 184, 201
” dimensions of earth, 182;
of heavenly bodies, 191
” geography of, 157, 205, 337, 341
” quoted, 134
” system of, 381, 431, 432, 491
” ” ” epicycles, 256, 315
” works by, 156, 157, 182
” and Apollonius, 118
” ” Aristarchus, 107
” ” Arabs, 147, 152, 183, 188, 192-4
” ” colure, 403
” ” Dante, 232, 235, 239, 459, 468
” ” eclipses, 338; and ecliptic, 185
” ” Hipparchus, 126, 133, 143, 146
” ” moon, 146, 448, 449
” ” precession, 187, 193, 432
” ” Regulus, 406
” ” stars, 292, 294, 339
” ” Venus, 315
Ptolemy Philadelphus, 144
” Ptolemies, Royal, 113
Purgatory, 105, 205, 295, 345, 360, 367, 370, 372, 373, 390, 401, 407, 453, 454
” gate of, 362, 380, 385, 453
” latitude of, 286, 353, 387
” Mountain of, 105, 262, 286, 295, 311, 312, 332-5, 353, 360 et seq., 373,
375, 378, 381, 382, 385, 386, 388, 390, 452, 453, 455
Pyramids, 45, 81, 127
Pythagoras, 66 et seq., 236, 238, 302, 431
Pythagoreans, 62, 66 et seq., 75, n. 76, 79, 85, 88, 91, 96, 100, 101, 102, 104, 110, 111, 304, 490
Quadrivium, 177
‘Quæstio de Aqua et Terra,’ 256, 258, 340, 444, 452
Ram (see Aries), 279
Ravenna, n. 227, 273
Regulus, 43, 144, 155, 187, 290, 406, 411, 420
Retrograde Motion, 16
Rhodes, 67, 122, 134, 158
Rigel, 155
Ristoro, 217, 241 et seq., 257, 268, 274, 292, 288, 300, 328, 329, 444, n. 451, 464, n. 478
” and comet, 318;
constellations, 443, 451;
eclipses, 317;
ecliptic, 331;
habitable earth, 446;
meteors, 319
Rizzacasa d’Orsogna, Prof., 400
Rome, 111, 157, 241, 316, 319, 323, 345, 383, 385, 396, 415
” Church of, influence on astronomy, 175, 178
” Empire of, 262; influence on astronomy, 138, 167, 172, 178
Rome, and calendar, 172, 175
Rubruquis, Friar, 342
Sacrobosco, 202, 249
Sagittarius, 279, 281, 290, 380, 383, 385
St. Bernard, 312, 354, 401
St. John, 282, 317
St. Louis, King, 342
St. Paul, 32, 483
St. Peter, 396, 468
Salimbene, 212
Saracens, 214
Sardinia, 344, 364, 383, 384
Saturn, 16, 23, 69, 91, 105, 109, 120, 141, 169, 189, 279, 281, 311, 364, 389, 393,
n. 398, 406, 407, 410, 411, 417, 420, 422, 423, 450, 456, 468, 469, 490
” dimensions, 488; movements, 311;
period, 436
Scales, see Libra
Scartazzini, 379, n. 455
Schiaparelli, n. 35, n. 39, n. 236
Schwary, 34
Scipio, 168-69, 393; Dream of, 168, 237
Scorpio, 30, 31, 43, 365, 378, 379, 380, 383, 384, 385, 387, 405, 476, 489
Seleucus, 110
Seneca, 66, 169, 174, 237, 239, 342, 473;
and meteors, 319
Shakespear, 456
Sheol, 46
Sigieri, 228
Simplicius, 90, 170
Sirius, 39, 52, 67, 115, 155, 187
Socrates, 82, 83, 239
Solstice, definition of, 11, 26, 29, 107, 117, 127, 185, 277, 394
Sordello, 378, 382
Sosigines, 171
Southern Cross, 12, 156, 294
Spain, 339-42, 388
Spheres, 9, 57, 58, 62, 65, 68, 83, 84, 104, 137, 169, 184, 187,
204, 219, 249, 254, 257, 262, 302, 358, 392, 393, n. 399,
429 et seq., 444, 452, 457, 473, 478, 418
” crystalline, 433
” eighth sphere, 466
” elevating power of, 443
” homocentric, 112
” influence of, 239, 249, 254, 478, 479, 485, 488, 494
” movement of, 395, 400, 453
” movers of, 106, 159, 204, 254, 400, 482, 483, 484, 496
” music of, 67, 68, 104, 169, 302, 392, 455, 456
” ninth, 432-3
” sky as a, 51
” substance of, 95, 104, 193, 433, 461
” ‘unrolling,’ 95, 102, 106
” of air, 442, 452
” of Eudoxus, 88, 89, 94, 106, 107, 112
” of fire, 103, 159, 308, 392, 442, 453, 455, 490
” of moon, 103, 308, 477
” of sun, 88, 93, 253
” of stars, 13, 67, 70, 72, 89, 94, 95, 96, 109, 129, 137, 152,
160, 187, 253, 313, 356, 433, 437, 438, 456, 476, 477
” of water, 442, 443
” and Arabs, 194
” ” Roger Bacon, 118, 202
” ” time, 401
Spica, 124-6, 130, 155
Stars, 219, 283 et seq., 489, 402, 493-94
” brightness of, 123, 154, 187
” catalogues, 123, 133, 144, 154, 187, 288;
Abu Hazan’s, 184;
Hipparchus’, 188;
Ptolemy’s, 187
” Dante’s ‘quindici stelle,’ 155
” dimensions of, 190, 488
” globes, 115
” distance of, 17, 108, 153, n. 190, 488, 492-93
” influence of, 211, 254, 256, 443, 450, 473, 475, 478, 479, 488
” magnitudes of, 154, 187, 188, 234, 289, 299, 488;
first-magnitude, 154, 187
” movements of, 9, 51, 52, 83, 84, 86, 97, 136, 187, 284,
286, 287, 289, 301, 354, 424, 495, 496
” new, 123
” number of, 123, 187, 288, 477, 495
” Pole, 291, 299
” positions of, 42, 123, 126, 193
” shooting, 103, 185, 262, 301, 319, 487, 490
” southern, 283, 293, 373, 378, 489
” substance of, 103, 104, 136
” worship of, 37, 38, 51
” and human souls, 86
” ” Milky Way, 103
” ” time, 257, 285, 289, 367, 488
Stationary points, 16, 44, 121
Statius, 385-7, 453
Stilbon, 80
Stoics, 112, 134, 463
Stobæus, 107
Stonehenge, 29
Strabo, 170, 240
Styx, 54
Sumerians, 36, 38;
year, 38
Sun, boat of, 45, 46
” brightness of, 270, 282, 462, 477, 488, 469
” centre of universe, 101, 110
” dimensions of, 56, 110, 146, 153, 188, 457-8, 469, 488, 491
” distance of, 108, 146, 153, 189, 193, 457-8
” door of, 46
” god, 37, 48, 54
” heaven of, see Heavens
” Lake of, 54
” movements of, 10, 13, 39, 53, 55, 62, 115, 116, 120, 145, 146, 185, 187,
247, 256, 272-4, 276, 322 et seq., 338, 346, 349, 390-2, 402, 403
” perigee of, 448
” period of, 436
” positions of, during Vision, 402 et seq.
” rise, 10, 13, 14, 25, 28, 54, 267, 270, 271, 273, 339, 346, 348, 356, n. 356, 406
” rise in Forest, 354, 358, 367, 369
” ” in Purgatory, 271, 360, 362, 363, 364, 366, 374, 385, 389, 406
” set, 10, 13, 14, 48, 253, 262, 271, 273, 279, 280,
282, 294, 339, n. 336, 350, 356, 383, 385
” ” in Purgatory, 271, 361, 363 to 366, 378, 382, 388
” source of all light, 470, 477, 488
” worship of, 25, 37, 45
” and astrology, 173, 473, 477
” ” comets, 103
” ” Dante, 267, 270 et seq.
” ” stars, 254, 470, 477
” ” time, 219, 254, 257, 349, 367, 372, 488
Sundial, 27, 115, 158, 182, 192, 219
Syene, 117, 156
Sylvester II., 203
Synodic revolution, 22, 30
‘Syntaxis’ (see Almagest), n. 125, 136, 157, 182, 193, 209
Tabit ben Korrah, 194
Tables:—
” Alfonsine, 195, 202, 203, 242, 275, 341;
astronomical, 203, 242, 245;
Greek, 117;
Hakemite, 183;
Toledo, 184, n. 202, 421
” of constellations, 31, 154;
Days of the Vision, and positions of sun, etc., 425;
Ptolemy’s first-magnitude stars, 155;
planetary distances and dimensions, 189;
positions of sun and moon, 190;
planetary periods, 91, 436;
planets in zodiac, 325;
revolutions of sun, moon, and planets, 22, 23;
time references in the Divine Comedy, 358-66
Tartarus, 54
Taurus, n. 35, 43, n. 43, 144, 148, 149,
365, 387, 399, 403, 410, 422
“Tesoretto,” 226, 242
“Tetrabiblios,” 156, 233, 234
Thales, 50, 55 et seq., 60, 61, n. 76, 98, 238, 239, 297
Theon of Alexandria, 163
Theon of Smyrna, 135, 144
Tides, 134, 257, 445
Tierce, 220, 347, 348, 372
Timæus, 82, 101, 238
Time, measurement of, 25, 47, 84, 86, 161, 162, 170, 186
Thule, 157
Timocharis, 124, 125, 144
Toledo, 202, 213
” tables of, 184, n. 202, 421
Toynbee, Paget, n. 225, n. 236, n. 241, n. 417, n. 437, n. 464
Tozer, H. F., n. 476
Trepidation, 194, n. 232-3
“Trèsor, Li Louvres dou,” 218, 226, 243
Trigonometry, spherical, 113, 123, 153, 183;
invention of, 133
Trivium and Quadrivium, 177, 261, 312
Twins, see also Gemini, 279, 400
Tycho Brahè, 120
Ulysses, 51, 52, 292, 335, 340, 370, 395
Universe (see Cosmogonies), 97;
dimensions, 390, 459;
of Dante, 257, 258, 353 et seq., 489
Universities,
Bologna, 199, 216, 226, 227, 241, 478;
mediæval, 199 et seq.;
Naples 240;
Padua, 227;
Paris, 199, 213, 228, 241;
Oxford, 199, 213;
Rome, 241
Ur, 37
Urban IV., 201
Ursa, Major, (see also Bear, and Wain), 234, 295 et seq., 322, 368
” Minor, 234, 297, n. 299
Varaha Mihira, n. 111
Vega, 155, 187
Venturi, 453
Venus, 3, 15, 17, 23, 69, 80, 90, 93, 109, 112, 121, 144, 150,
169, 279, 281, 286, 300, 307, 309, 314, 373, 389,
n. 399, 406-11, 418-25, 481-66
” dimensions, 488
” distance, 458 et seq.
” goddess of, 38
” movements of, 314, 315, 435, 477
” movers of, 483
” phases of, 492
” period of, 314, 315, 436
” and astrology, 173, 189, 472, 477
” as evening star, 52, 142
” as morning star, 15, 52, 64, 68, 142
Verona, 226, 256, 444
Vespers, 219, 348
Villani, 213, 223, 226, 319
Virgil, 167, 168, 239, 271, 328, 374, 381, 441
” quoted, 173, 279
” works of, 238
” as guide, 286, 354, 367, 371, 387, 409, 481
” and sun, 271, 333, 381, 392
Virgin, Virgo, 12, 32, 124, 141, 144, 290, 384, 418
Vision, date of Dante’s, 357, 407 et seq.;
duration of 354-7, 401
‘Vita Nuova,’ 253, 257, 411, 432
Wain, The (see also Bear), 293, 295, 359, 368, 373
Wellhausen, n. 39
Wicksteed, P. H., n. 277, 306, 447
World-soul, 98, 159
Xenophanes, 98
Yaou, Emperor, 29;
Canon of, 38
Year, 253; definition of, 23
” Arab, 39;
Babylonian, 40, 128, 161;
Chinese, 38;
Egyptian, 39, 45;
Hebrew, 39;
Greek, 161, 162, n. 172;
Mahomedan, 39;
Persian, 313;
Roman, 170;
Sumerian, 38
” civil, 22;
luni-solar, 38, 39, 93;
lunar, 39;
sidereal, 22, 128;
solar, 22, 56, 128, 163;
tropical, 22, 129, 161, 162, 171, 193, 274, 275
” leap, 171, 276
” length of, 187, 274
” and Hipparchus, 128, 135
Ziggurat, 37
Zodiac, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 23, 28, 30, 31, 43, n. 43, 69,
119, 143, 185, 265, 272, 278, 280, 289, 300, 309, 311,
333, 349, 382, 384, 402, 405, 448, 470, 488
” age of, 34
” Chinese and Hindu, 29, 30
” constellations of, 31, 42, 43, 47, 129, 219, 248,
290, 356, 368, 402, 476
” lunar, 30
” signs of, 129, 174, 185, 186, 245, 329, 356, 368, 379, 383, 402
” sun in, 276, 282
” and months, 276, 281, 282
Zodiacal revolutions, 23
Zoroaster, 218
Footnotes: