Index III. General

Abbreviated names 29.

Abdu’l-wahhāb Ghaj-dāvānī see Wāqi‘-nāma-i-pādshāhī.

Ablution—before death 188; reservoirs 208, 217, 580, 639, 683.

Abū-t̤ālib Ḥusainī or Abū’l-ḥusain Turbatī see Malfūzāt-i-tīmūri.

Abūshqa, a Turki—Turkish Dict.—quotes verses as Bābur’s 438; quotes Khw. Kalān 526; the Bāburī-script App. Q, lxiii.

Account-rolls of palm leaves 510.

Adoption—of a son 170; præ-natal 374, App. L.

Afghanistan and the Afghans, H. W. Bellew—vine-culture 210; decoy-ducks 225 (where, in n. 5, read title as above).

Afghan Poets of the XVII Century, C. E. Biddulph—Khūsh-āb Khattak mentions Bābur 439.

Afẓal Khān Khattak—(Raverty’s Notes q.v.)—Nīl-āb (ferry-station) 206.

Agriculture—seed-corn and money advances 86; young millet grazed 215; methods of vine culture 210; water-raising appliances 388, 486-7; irrigation, “running waters”:—Farghāna 4, 5, 7, Samarkand 76-7, 147; Hindūstān 486-7, 519-31-81, Qandahār 332-6, Chandīrī 596; —canals:—Farghāna 67, Samarkand 76, 147; —grain, corn:—Farghāna 2, 3, 55, 114-46, Kābul 203, 228, 373-4, [green corn] 394, Qandahār 333, Hash-nagar 410, Bārā 414, Bhīra 381; —raft of corn seized on the Sind 392; horse-corn fails on a march 238-9; (rice) 342-74-94, 410.

Akbar-nāma, Shaikh Abū’l-faẓl ‘Allāmīy, (trs. H. Beveridge)—(see notes on pp. given) meanings:—bāt-qāq 31; nihilam and tasqāwal 45; Tardīka 568; Tarkhān 34; fīl-i-daryā’i App. M. xlvii; —persons:—13, 22, 263-4, 346, 552, 562, 641, 657; —various places:—191, 206, 441, 523, App. J, xxxv; —winter access to Farghāna 2; Niz̤āmī quoted 44; an inscription of Bābur’s 343; Rūmi defences 469; the(Koh-i-nūr) diamond 477; a cognomen 566; risks to MSS. App. D, x; Akbar-nāma material *441-5, *691-3; Bābur supplemented 639; length of work on it *692 n.; Mubīn passage translated in the “Fragments” (q.v.) *437-8; Bābur’s self-devotion *701; his choice of a successor *702 to 705, mentioned Preface xxxiii; translated from by Jahāngīr (?) xlv.

‘Alī-sher Nawā’ī’s comforts 287.

Allgemeine Erdkunde, Carl Ritter—Barā-koh 5; Bābur’s farsī-gūī useful 7; Akhsī distances App. A, v.

‘Amal-i-ṣāliḥ, Muḥ. Ṣāliḥ—Shāh-jahān’s destruction of wine 298; tūīgūn (bird) 418.

Amanitates exoticae, Engelbertus Kæmpfer—Ijtihād 284.

Amusements see Games.

Ancient Geography of India, Major-Gen. Sir Alex. Cunningham—(see nn. on pp. named) Shibr-tu 205; Nīl-āb 206; Kohistān villages 214; Gūrkhattri 230; Bigrām 230; Udyān-apūra App. E, xxi.

Annals and Antiquities of Rajastan Col. James Tod—Sangā’s force 547; negociations with Bābur 550; appearance 558; Ṣalāḥu’d-dīn (Silhādi) 562.

Antidotes—lime-juice 511,

Lemnian earth 543.

Anwar-i-suhailī, Ḥusain Wā‘iz̤u ‘l-kāshīfī—quoted 22; Firdausi quoted 557, Add. N, P. 557.

Apostates 577-8, 590-1.

Arabic Sciences 283-5.

‘arāq see fermented drinks, s.n. Wine.

Archery2949—[see nn. on pp. named], good bowmen 16, 22, 26, 34 (2), cross-bowman 53, 263; remarkable feats 276, 279; —archer’s marks:—ilbāsūn (duck), qabāq (gourd), tūqūq (hen) 34, takhta (target); qabāq-maidān 276;— arrows:—aūq 22, 34, 255, etc., giz 213, 225, khadang (white poplar) 13, tīr-giz 11 (where preface n. 2 by the name), 34; arrow-barb, paikān 22, -notch, gosha App. C, -flight 8, 140; flights of arrows 52; rain of, 138; quiver T. sāghdāq 160, 166, P. tarkash 526; an arrow-borne letter 361; —bows:—Chāchī bow (kamān) 13; cross-bow takhsh-andāz, kamān-i-guroha 55, 263; narmdīk yāī, an easy-bow 420; qātīq yāī, a stiff-bow 490; —bows ruined by Hindūstān climate 519, *700; —various:—chaprās, daur, gosha, kamān-khāna, kardāng explained App. C; gosha-gīr, a repairing-tool 166, App. C; Turkish bow-making a fine craft App. C, ix; dismounting to shoot 52; —to bow-string (T. kīrīsh sālmāq) 110.

Architecture Timuriya and Timurid Pr. xxxi.

Archiv für Asiatische Litteratur H. J. Klaproth (q.v.)—Kasan gardens 10; his extracts from the Bukhara Compilation MSS. Pr. xxxix, xlvii.

Ariana Antiqua, H. H. Wilson—Masson’s art. Actīnapūr Region 227, Nagarāhāra App. E, xvii.

Army of the Indian Moghuls, W. Irvine—trepanning 109; misled 470; on muljār (q.v.) 592; “shātur” explained 593; firingi (gun) 473, pontoon-bridges 600.

‘Arūz-i-saifi, Maulāna Sayyid Maḥmūd Saifi of Bukhāra, (trs. Blochmann and Ranking)—a note by Rieu 288; Saifi’s pupil Bāī-sunghar 111; his high number of rubā’i measures App. Q, lxvi.

Asia Portuguesa, Manuel de Faria y Sousa—Habshi succession custom 482.

Astronomy and Astrology—Tables and Observatories 74, 79, Pr. xxx; Canopus (Suhail) 195; forecasts 139, 551; houses of Scorpio 633; Pole-star a guide 323, its altitude at Chandīrī 597; Capricorn 597.

Ayīn-i-akbarī, Abū-faẓl (trs. Blochmann, Jarrett)—(see nn. on pp. named); Climates 1; qīlīj (cognomen) 29; observatories 79; guns 473; clepsydra 516; kitchen rules 541; fruits 3, 501-3-4-5, 512; chalma 624; hunting deer 630; baḥrī (falcon) 632; mīlak (gold, cloth) 641; yak-tai (unlined) 652; —(weights and measures) khar-war 228, tānāb 630, sang=tāsh 632; —a title 209; a child traveller 265; Barlās begs 270; (places) Kābul 207, 221; Kacha-kot 250; Sidhpūr 429; Nagarāhāra App. E, xxiii; Buhlūlpūr 454; Kanwāhīn 458; Milwat (Malot) 461; Jahān-nāma 485; Chausath 581; Lakhnūr 582; Sikandra Rao 587, Godi, Gūī 601; —(persons) 285, 653, 666, App. P, lvi; —Bābur’s expedition to Kashmīr 693.

Agār-i-sanādīd, Sayyid Aḥmad Khān—places Bābur visited 475; Mahdī Khwāja and Amīr Khusrau’s tomb 704.

Noticeable words:—

P. āb-duzd 109 = P. dū-tahī 62, 595-6;

aīkī-sū-ārā = P. miyān-dū-āb (Mesopotamia) i.a 88;

aīmāq (clan) 51, 196, 207-15-55, Add. Note P. 49;

M. ālāchī whence Alacha 23;

arghamchī 614;

āsh-kīna (stew) 4;

aūdālīq (odalisque) = P. ghūnchachī q.v.;

aūghlān (child, boy, non-regnant chief) 19;

aūgh-lāqchī 39;

aūrchīn 44, 88;

aūng, ūng (Prester John’s title) 23;

aūpchīn 176, 282;

Aūz-beg, -khān, -kīnt, i.a 162, (see A.N. trs. i, 160, 170);

āyīk-aūt = P. mihr-giyāh (mandrake) 11.

The Bābur-nāma, Z̤ahīru’d-dīn Muḥ. Bābur (Lion) Mīrzā and (later) Pādshāh Ghāzī. I. Sections of the Book:— (The record of præ-accession years is lost Pr. xxxvi); (1) Farghāna 1-182, (Trs. N. [bridging a gap] 182-185); (2) Kābul 187-346, (Trs. N. 347-366), 367-425, (Trs. N. 426-444); (3) Hindustān 445-602, (Trs. N. 603-4), 605-690, (Trs. N. 691-716); Sub-sections:— (a) Descriptions of Farghāna 1-12, Kābul 199-227, Herāt 304-5, Hindustān 480-521, Chandīrī 592, 596, Gūālīār 605-614; (b) Biographies of Yūnas Khān 19-24 (see infra, displacements), of Mīrān-shāhīs viz. ‘Umar Shaikh 13-19, 24-28, Aḥmad 33-40, Maḥmūd 45-51, Bāī-sunghar 110-112, of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 256-292, of amīrs etc. 24, 37, 49, 270; II. Lacunæ:—(other than mentioned above); minor in 935 AH. see dating and nn. on pp. 617, 621, 630, 636, 687, and for surmised patching from fragments of 934 AH. 654, 655, 680; (1) References to events of the gaps see nn. on pp. 105, 364—208, 441, 575—381—408, 422—(of 934 AH.) 603, 617, 618, 621—an Akbar-nāma indication 639; (2) Varia concerning the gaps:—Causes of, Pr. xxxiv; misinterpreted xxxv; results in present displacement xxxvi; III. Varia Concerning the Book:— (1) Date of composition, [see nn. on pp. named]; 48, 50, 79, 98—102, 105—139, 154, 176, 190 (l. 5 fr. ft.) 198—203-4-6-8—214-18-19-20 (para. 3), 269-76-78-85—313 (“now” para. 2), 314 (“now” l. 4), 315 (l. 2), 318 (para. 2), 337 (l. 16), 373 (l. 8 fr. ft.), 374; (2) Literary style and idiom:— plain diction 2, precise wording e.g. 5, 79, 475, 485, appreciation of words 67, 265, 283, 627, comments on style e.g. 22, 67, and pronunciation 210, 484, early diary differs in wording from the narrative 367; lapses into courtly Persian 445, 537, 539; (3) Grammatical details:— relatives not used Add. Note, P. 167; uses of “we” and “I” 104, 118; distinctions of meaning expressed by Ar. and T. plurals e.g. 5, 80; uses of the presumptive tense 37, 75, 162, 167, 577 (cf. Shaw’s Grammar); examples of idiom 29, 44, 66, 75, Add. Note, P. 167 (gharīcha); (4) Varied information see Preface passim; (5) Bābur’s notes: —Khwāja Maulānā-i-qāẓī 29 —Ibrāhīm Sārū 52 —Champion’s portion 53 —Gūk-sarāī 63 —Fāzīl Tarkhān 133 —Aūz-kīnt 163 —Pass-words 169 —Multā-kundī 211 —Military terms 334 —Pīrī Beg 336 —Badakhshān 340 —Sl. Ma‘sūd M. 382 —Campaign of 910 AH. 382 —Daulat Khān 383 —daqīqa 516 —pol 517 —Mullā Apāq 526 —kuroh (from the Mubīn) 630 —tāsh weight 632; IV. Work Done on the Book:— (1) Turki Codices see Preface, Cap. III, Part II and Table xli;— (a) Haidar Mīrzā’s Codex—its importance Pr. xxxiv, xxxv, xxxviii, xli, xlii (No. iv); (b) Elphinstone Codex—archetypes 405, Pr. xli, xlii, xliii (No. v); its losses of pages 445; defacement 129, 325, 415, 548; Erskine’s use of it Add. Note, P. 287; reliance on it in loco 1, 187, 445; preserves Humayun’s attested notes 447-52-67, 510-14 and attributed notes 216, 494, 507—also a quatrain on Mughūls 140; “Rescue-passage” not in it App. D; divergency from it in the Kasan Imprint ib. xiv; a former owner 706; referred to in nn. on pp. 7, 10, 12, 14, 23-6-8, 31-6, 44-7-8, 60-4, 75, 88, 112-3, 133 (Shaibāq), 143-8, 154 (dīm), 159, 161-4-9; Preface xli, xlii, xliii (No. v), xlvii; cf. JRAS Notes infra; (c) Haidarabad Codex, published in Facsimile by the Gibb Trust, ed. A. S. Beveridge—basis of the B.N. in English 1, 187, 445, Preface xxvii; appears a direct copy of Bābur’s autograph Codex 47, 103, 515; contains (Jahangir’s?) Rescue-passage App. D; divergency of Kasan Imprint from it ib. xiv; referred to in nn. on pp. 2, 8, 9, 10, 12, 133 (Shaibāq), 14, 18, 23 (careful pointing clears away a doubt), 28, 31, 36, 40 (Bāghdād corrected to Būghdā), 60-4, 75, 88, 132, 140-6-8, 153 (a mistake?), 154 (dīm), 159, 164 (sāīrt kīshī), 165, 168, 177 (Pers. dictum), App. A, i (Akhsī); Preface xxvii, xxxiii (title), xxxv, xli (Table), xlvi (No. x), xlvii;—2950 (2) Persian work:— (a) Tabaqāt-i-bāburī, described 445; made known to Erskine 520; its deference to Bābur App. P, lvii; shews a date 496; shews nature of an illness (B.’s) 446; specifies drinking-days 447, 450; gives a useful pen-name 448; Buhlūlpūr 454; of a gun 489; Varsak and Khwāstis 523; Naukar or Tuka 525; Bābur points “Sīkrī” to read shukrī 548; styles him “Nawāb” 560 etc.; describes a porpoise as baḥrī App. M, xlvii; helps as to “Luknūr” App. T, lxxiv; (b) Wāqi‘āt-i-bāburī (Acts of Bābur), (the first Pers. Trs. 1583), Pāyanda-ḥasan Mughūl of Ghaznī and Muḥ-qulī Mughūl of Ḥiṣār—explicit 187, 198; useful variants 267, 624, 645; a puzzling phrase 549, and passage 617; title Pr. xxxiii; described liii (No. vi); (c) Wāqi‘āt-i-bāburī (Acts of Bābur), (the second Pers. Trs. 1589), ‘Abdu’r-raḥīm M. Turkmān—misleading glosses 2 n. 1, 3 n. 1; tāsh misread 312 etc.; verses doubtfully Babur’s 312; a gloss unsupported 337; a difficult passage 617; a fine illustrated copy (B.M. 3714) 155, 298, 325; Erskine’s account of its diction (quoted) Pr. xliv (No. vii); on its title xxxiii; (3) Persian-English work:—The Memoirs of Baber, Leyden and Erskine (1826)—[see nn. on pp. named]; Varia:— Leyden’s slight collaboration 287, 367, 380, Add. Note, P. 287, Pr. xlviii, Cap. iv, [L. and E. Memoirs]; two notes by Leyden 10, 219; not fully representative of Bābur’s autobiography 2, Cap. iv; advance in help (MSS. and other) since Erskine worked 347, 620-22, App. T, lxxiii; his own MSS. 680; Indian guidance 632, 661; dating agrees with Bābur’s 629; misled by his Persian source [q.v. 3 etc.] and by a scribe’s slip 544; his help to Ilminski 1, 187, 326, Pr. lv; misleads by uniform “Luknow” App. T; omissions 2, 632, 468, 559 (important); a prayer reproduced in its words 316; quoted 715; —questioned readings:—143, 223-5-9, 324-7, 333-7, 369, 400-16, Add. Note, P. 416, 446-49-57-62-67 (shaving-passage), 478, 523-34-49-55-59-61, 608-9, 617-19-26-38-40-46-47; —[Numerous verbal explanations and other notes are reproduced as Erskine’s and each identified]; (4) Turki-English work:—The Bābur-nāma in English (Memoirs of Babūr), Annette S. Beveridge—see Preface and other contents of these volumes. Bābar, Stanley Lane Poole—the Eight Stars 139; a misled note 468. Bābur und Abu’l-faẓl, Teufel [ZDMG, 1862]—an opinion negatived 119; useful critique on “Fragments” (q.v.) Preface Cap. III, Part III and App. D; Mubīn MS. used by Berézine 438; Babur-nama title 653, Pr. xxxiii. Bahar-i-‘ajam (Pers. Dict.) see Dictionaries. Bāz-nāma (Book of Sport), Muḥibb-i-‘alī Barlās—its author’s descent 276; l exchanged with n (cf. Luḥānī and Nuḥānī) ib. Bélin M.—[Journal Asiatique xvi, xvii] 257-8, 271-82-92. Bengali Household Stories, Macculoch—a sign of obedience 275. Beveridge Annette S.—JRAS. Notes in referred to in loco:—MSS. of the B.N. Turki text 1900; Further Notes 1902, Haidarabad Codex and all others 1905, 1906; Elphinstone Codex 1907 Material for a definitive text and account of Kehr’s Codex and its Persian alloy 1908; Kehr’s Latin Version of part of his source i.e. the Wāqi‘-nāma-i-pādshāhī (Bukhara Compilation q.v.) 1908, Klaproth’s Archiv 1909, and (expected) on the confused identity of the Bukhārā Compilation with the Bābur-nāma 1922; —(2) Grounds for making a new translation Preface Cap. IV; the mistaken identity of Kehr’s source (supra) Cap. III2951; of the Bābur-nāma, Preface passim. Beveridge Henry—(1) Notes in loco:—tabalghū 11; Bābā-i-kābulī 14; Quintets 15, 288; a mistake by Firishta 15; Lotus-eaters 42; Daulat-shāh 46; Ḥāfiẓ parodied 201; Byron’s tambourgī 247; Jāmī plagiarized 258; Khazīnatu’l-asfiyā quoted 211; Tīmūr’s burial-position 266; syphilis 279; an illegal marriage 329; Bābur’s satirical verse and Shaikh Zain 448; Z̤afar-nāma (?) quoted 485; “kaka” 502; Khw. Khusrau’s couplet 503; the name “Cintra” for an orange 512; Tīmūr on Hindūstān 526; fate of Ibrāhim Lūdī’s mother 543; t̤amghā 553; a pun 571; versus traced 571, 625-6; Ibn Batūta quoted 591; date of Bābur’s visit to Lāhor from Āgra 604; Khwānd-amīr 605; Raḥīm-dād 608, 688; Mahdi Khw. 704; Scorpio and Libra 623; Battle of Jām 635; “bulky Oolak” 663; Kashmīr expedition 693; a poor MS. App. P, lv; Shaikh Zain’s deference ib. lvii; —(2) Translations: —(a) Akbar-nāma q.v. and Tūzūk-i-jahāngīrī q.v. —(b) revision of Persian farmān 553, and the Kānwa Letter-of-victory 559; —(3) Articles referred to: —(a) A.Q.R. 1899, Bābur’s Diamond, was it the Koh-i-nūr? 447; 1901, An Afghān Legend 375, App. K; 1910, Paper-mills of Samarkand 81; 1911, Oriental Cross-bows 140, 142; Bābur’s Dīwān (Rāmpūr MS.) 439; Some verses by the Emperor Bābur 439 —1915, Silhādī and the Mirāt-i-sikandari 614; —(b) Calcutta Review 1884, the Patna Massacre 672; —JASB. 1898, Bāyazīd Bīyāt 691; —1905, The Emperor Bābur’s legendary son 558; —1884, Authorship of the Dabistān; —1916, Tārīkh-i-salāt̤īn-i-afāghana 693; —(c) JRAS. 1900, On the word nihilam 45, 224 —1901, Pers. MSS. in Indian Libraries 348 —1910, On the word mutaiyīm 16, 275 —1913-14, Coinage of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā App. H, xxvi —1916, Rashaḥāt-i-‘ainu’l-ḥayāt 620; —(4) Other related articles:— (a) A. S. Q.—Emperor Bābur and the Habību’s-siyar 1906; Emp. B. and Khwānd-amīr 1909 (2 parts); Emp. B.’s opinion of India 1917; Attempt to poison B. ib.; Was ‘Abdu’r-raḥīm the translator of B.’s Mems. into Persian? 1900 (2 parts); (b) JRAS.—The B.N. “Fragments” 1908; Date of Shāh Ḥasan Arghūn’s death 1914; An obscure quatrain by Banā’i 1917; The Mongol title Tarkhān ib.; Tarkhān and Tarquinius 19182952; —(5) His help: see Postscript of Thanks, Preface lxi.

The Bible—untrimmed beard 552; moon-stroke 608.

Bibliothèque Orientale, B. d’Herbélot—(see nn. on pp. named), ‘Umar Shaikh 13; Sātūq-būghrā Khān 29; Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46; Mātarīdiyah and Ash‘ariyah Sects 75-6; Ismā‘īl Khartank 76; Naṣīru’d-dīn Tūsī 79; Nīl-āb 206; “Qīzīl-bāsh” explained 630.

Biographie Universelle, Langlésart. Babour xlv.

Biographies of Ladies (Sprenger’s Cat.)—two women-poets 286.

Birds of India, T. C. Jerdon—partridge-tippets 496; cries ib.; bustard 498; mānek 499; likhh (florican) App. N; kabg-i-darīand chīūrtīka (snow-cock) ib.

“Blessed Ten” 562.

Blochmann H. (JASB. 1873)—Bābur’s Mosque in Saṃbhal 687; see Āyīn-i-akbari.

Blood-ransom 461; retaliation 64, 102, 119, 194, 251-53, 424.

Boats—383-5-7-8, 407-10-22-23-54, 589, 652-4-5-6-8-9, 660, 662; Bābur names his Ganges flotilla 663, 669, 670-1-4-9, 681-4; pontoon bridge 599, 633.

Book-names—Akhsīkīt = Akhsī 9; Banākat = Shāhrukhiya 76; Chāch and Shāsh = Tāsh-kīnt 13, 76; Gālīūr or Gālīwar = Gūālīār 605; Nashaf and Nakhshab = Qarshī 84; Nagarahāra = Nīng-nahār 207; Tarāz = Yāngī 2.

Book-room—Ghāzī Khān Lūdī’s 460.

Books (no titles)—Exposition of the Nafaḥāt 284; On Jurisprudence 285, —prosody 271, —rhyme 285, —riddles 289.

Botany of the Afghan Delimitation Commission, Aitchison—regional grasses 222; qarqand = sax-aol(?) 223.

Brahminical thread 561.

Bridge of boats see Boats.

Buddhist Records, S. Beal—Greater Udyāna-pūra App. E, xxi; sugarcane in Lāmghān 203 (where read Beal).

Browne, Professor Edward Granville—the Ḥaidarābād Codex Facsimile, Preface xlvi (No. x).

Building-stone—Samarkand 83, Kābul 710, Chandīrī 597, Dūlpūr 606, Gūālīār 608, Bīāna 611.

“Bukhārā Compilation,” known as “Bābur-nāma” see Wāqī‘nāma-i-pādshāhī.

Bullies of Marghīnān (Marghīlān) 7 (where in line 1, add, “They are notorious in Mā-warā’u’n-nahr for their bullyings”).

Burhān-i-qāt̤i‘ (Pers. Dict.) see Dictionaries.

Buried Cities of Khotan, Sir M. Aurel Stein—Aq-būrā-rūd 4.

Bū-stān, Sa‘dī—couplets quoted 139, 152, 626.

Noticeable words:— (P.-Ar.-T.) bāghāt, bāghlār, bāghchā and begāt, beglār 5, 80, 478; bāghīsh 59, 69; bakhshī (in M. surgeon) 169; bāshlīqlār (commanders) 119; bātmān (a weight) 261; bātqāq (slough of despond) 31; bāī (rich man) 127; bāīrī (old servant) 30; bī = beg 127-8; bīldūrga 225; b:d-hindī = P. sih-bandī (Byde Horse) 470; bīlāk 446; būghū-marāl 8, 10; būghdā (cutlass) 40; būlāk and balūq 196, 17 and 221; būsh (bosh) 507.

Cabool (Kabul), Sir Alex. Burns—(see nn. on pp. named); wind and running sands 201, 215; climate 204; kabg-i-darī 213; Kohistān 214; millet 215; Bābur’s Burial-garden 710.

Cadell, Jessie E.—quoted Preface xxvii.

Cadet-corps formed 28, App. H, xxvii.

Cairn i.e. “Bābur Pādshāh’s Stone-heap” 446, Preface xxxvii.

Candles and candlesticks—none in Hind 518; offensive substitutes ib.

Canopus see Suhail.

Capitals of Farghāna—Andijān 3,

Akhsi 10,

Aūz-kīnt 162.

Caravans—15, 202, 250, 331.

Carruthers, Mr. Douglas—help from App. B, vii.

Carving—Bābur no carver 304.

Caste-names—518.

Catalogues:—(see nn. on pp. named);

Ca”lo Coins of the Shahs of Persia (B.M.), R. S. Poole—Bābur’s surmised vassal coin 355, App. H, xxx, Preface xxxv;

Ca”lo Feronia Nursery Calcutta, Seth—Jack-fruit 506; sang-tarā orange 511;

Ca”lo Library of the King of Oudh, A. Sprenger—Biographies of Ladies 286; Shāh u Darwesh 290; Ahlī 290;

Ca”lo Library of Tippoo Sult̤ān, C. Stewart—T̤abaqāt-i-naṣīrī 479;

Ca”lo Manuscrits Turcs de l’Institut des langues orientales, W. D. Smirnov—Malfūzāt-i-tīmūri 653; Bābur’s writings ib.

Ca”lo Persian MSS. (B.M.), C. Rieu—Shāsh and Fanākat 2, 7; Khw. Kamāl 8; Akhsīkītī 9; ‘Abdu’l-lāh Barlās 51; Saifī 111, 288; Halwa-spring 260; Niẓāmī 271; Daulat-shah 274; Bāz-nāma 276; Suhailī 277; Marwārīd 278; Amīr Ḥamza 280; ‘Atā’u’l-lāh 282; Taftazānī 283; Khamsatīn 288; Husain Nishapūrī 288; Yūsuf of Farghāna 289; Hilālī 290; a scribe-poet 291; Sūlūku’l-mulūk 348; Nawā’ī’s Dīwāns arranged 419; Histories of T̤ahmāsp 622; Ḥabibu’s-siyar finished 687; Tārīkh-i-ṣalātīn-i-afāghāna 693, 701; —Kasan Imprint misleads 259; a questioned reading 266;

Ca”lo Persian MSS. in the I.O. Library, H. Ethé—Khw. Hijrī 153; Ḥusain Nishapūrī 288; Shāh u Darwesh 290; a scribe-poet 2932953;

Ca”lo Turki MS. in B.M., C. Rieu—the author of the Sang-lākh App. A, v; the Shaibānī-nāma 289.

Catamites 26, 42-5-9, 278, 396 (cf. 174 n.).

Cathay and the way thither, ed. Sir H. Yule (Hakluyt Society vol. i, p. 20)—running-sands 215.

Caubul (Kābul), Hon. Mountstewart Elphinstone—millet 215; Judas-tree 216; Indus ford (Nīl-āb) 378; “Nangrahaur” App. E, xix.

“Chaghatāī Castles” 208.

Chaghatāī families—‘Alī-sher Nawā’ī a member of one, Preface xxxi.

Chaghatāī-Osmanisches Wörterbüch see Dictionaries.

Chaghatāīsche Sprach-studien, H. Vambéry—(mil.) pass-words (aūrān) 219; meaning of gepanzert 221, bīldurga 225, sīghnāq App. Q, lxiv.

Champion’s portion won and explained 53.

Charikar, T. C. Haughton—Kohistan of Kabul 214-5.

Charles XII’s sobriquet Iron-head 14.

Chār-ūlūs (Four hordes), Aulugh Beg Mirza, Preface xxx.

Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage—tambourgi 247.

Chinese Turkistan, P. W. Church—marāl 8.

Chīngīz-tūrā (ordinances) respected 155, 298.

Chīnīūt, D. G. Barkley [JRAS. 1899]—its position 380.

Chirkas sword 65.

Chishti order 666.

Chrestomathie Turque, Berézine—the Mubīn quoted 438, 630.

Chronograms 85, 135, 152, 217, 344, 427, 575, 596.

Cider 83.

Circumcision 14, 69.

Coincidences 71, 123, 261, 686.

Coins—ashrafī 446-60; dām 383; kipkī 296; sikka (coined money ?) 277; shāhrukhi 379-83, 400, 408, 417-46-78-9, 523; tang 641; tanka “black” (i.e. copper) 521, “white” (i.e. silver) 338-9, 344, 446, 521-7, 641, App. P, lvii; “red and white” (money) 522; Bābur’s “vassal coins” 354-5-6, App. H, xxx.

Confections—ma‘jūn:—used in excess 16; gifts of 373; parties on non-drinking-days 447; eating of 377-83-84-88-93, 410-12-15-16-18, 420-2, 448-50, 580-8, 615-50-59-83; kamālī 373.

Congregational Prayer—unbroken attendance at 283.

Countermark [Bih-būd] on coins 277, App. H, xxv, xxvi, xxix.

Cross-bow, Sir W. F. Payne-Gallwey—archers’ marks 34; bow-shot distances 140; what may apply to Bābur’s z̤arb-zan and tūfang 667.

Cunningham, Maj.-Gen. Sir Alex. see Indian Eras and Reports on Arch. Survey.

Customs—Musalmān scruples about burial-places 246; the Champion’s-portion 53; circumambulation of tombs 54, 285, 301-5-6, 475, and of the sick 701; amongst combatants’ wives 22, 268; dipping 16 times in bathing 151; levirate marriage 23; mourning rites 32, 246, 293; a nativity-feast 344; nine a mystic number see s.n. nine; an ordeal of virtue 211; divining from sheep-blade-bones 233; pillars of heads 232, i.a. 573-6; rock-inscription 153; signs of submission 53, 232-3, 248; succession in Bengal 482-3 n. 5; unveiling a bride 37; gifts from those marrying 43, 400; gifts by wives q.v.

Cyclopædia of Archery see Kulliyatu’r-rāmī.

Czar Vassili III—Bābur’s embassy to, App. Q, lxiii.

Noticeable words:— Chāchī 13; chāghīr 83, 298; chāpūk, slash-face 68; P. chār-dara 80, 629; chaughān (polo) 26; P. chalma 624; H. chaukandī = Ar. ghurfat and P. chār-dara (?) 629-63; chāpkūn 324; chiqār (exit) 44; yinka-chīcha 616; chuhra-jīrga 50, 227, App. H, xxvi-vii.

Dabistān, Mir Ẕū’l-fiqār ‘Alī’u’l-ḥusaini (pen-name Mūbad)—Nānak founder of the Sikh religion 461; Rādiyān sect 622; [concerning the authorship of the book see JRAS. H.B.’s art. q.v.s.n.].

Darwesh-life—soldiering abandoned for 262; return to 583.

Dating by events:—Battle of the Goat-leap 16, Dispersion of Aīrzīn 20, Battle of Kānbāī 111-2 [T.R. trs. 119]; the dating of 935 AH. 605, App. S.

Defrémery C.—[J. des Savans 1873], art. Les Mémoires de Baber (P. de C.) 562.

De Paris à Samarcande, Madame Ujfalvy—(see nn. on pp. named); Barā-koh 5, 6; Samarkand 74-5; qarā yīghāch (hard-wood elm) 81; paper-pulping mortars 81.

De Saçy, A. L. Silvestre (Nat. et Ex. 265, 285)—Ḥusain Shaikh Tīmūr 273 (cf. Daulat-shah (Browne) 538-9); date of Hilāli’s death 290.

Dialects of the Hindu-kush, Col. J. Biddulph—Khowārī 211; forms of “nine” App. E, xix.

Dictionaries, Lexicons, Vocabularies:—[see nn. on pp. named];

Di”ct of Antiquities, W. W. Smith—clepsydra 516;

Di”ct Arabic-English Lexicon, E. W. Lane—akhmail 336;

Di”ct Arabes, Supplèment aux Dictionnaires, R. Dozy—baḥri (a falcon) App. M, xlvi;

Di”ct Bahār-i-‘ajam (Pers. Dict.), Rāī Tikchana Bahār—a sign of fear 232; the Taftazānī Shaikhs of Islām 283;

Di”ct Burhān-i-qāti‘ (Pers. Dict.), Muḥ. Ḥusain b. Khalfa’u’t-tabrīzī—izāra (dado) 80;

Di”ct Chaghatāī-osmanisches Wörterbuch, Shaikh Sulaiman Effendi (ed. Kunos)—tunqit̤ār 464; qūtān App. N, 1; sīghnāq App. Q, lxiv;

Di”ct English-Persian, A. N. Wollaston—a rare meaning 648;

Di”ct Hindustani-English, D. Forbes—changed name of an orange 511; “needle-melting” citron 513; great millet (maize?) 514; names of days 516; gongman ib.;

Di”ct Hindustani-English, J. Taylor [ed. W. Hunter]—“sang-tara” and “Cintra” App. O lii;

Di”ct of Islām, J. P. Hughes—turbans 15; eating of food 44; maẕhab 463; the Eight Paradises 646; legal endowment 701;

Di”ct Oriental Biographical, T. W. Beale [ed. Keene]—Khw. Naṣīr Tūsī 79;

Di”ct of Oriental Quotations, C. Field—a common couplet 22;

Di”ct Persian-English, F. Steingass—176, 202, 286, (metres) 514, 527, 630, qīzil-bāsh 643;

Di”ct Persico-Latinum Lexicon, I. A. Vullers—shash-par 160; kaka 502; gharau 514; rād (whence Rādagān) 622;

Di”ct Pushtū-English, H. J. Raverty—Multakund 211;

Di”ct Sang-lākh (Turki-Persian), Muḥ. Mahdi Khān—described App. B, v; kharpala (the “Qarshi birdie”) ib.; contains verses entered as by Bābur 439;

Di”ct Sanscrit-Bengali-English, Haughton—a stork 499; gula-prawn 502;

Di”ct of Towns (Majama‘u’l-buldān), Yāqūt—“Akhsīkīs̤” 9, 10;

Di”ct Turc Orientale, A. Pavet de Courteille—Bābur’s verses quoted 439, 526; a wag-tail 501; a meaning 626; Bābur’s script App. Q, lxiii;

” Turki Vocabulary, R. B. Shaw—kūk-būrā (a game) 39; qūrūgh, reserved land 81; aūpchīnlīk, 4 horse-shoes and their nails 176; chārūq, brogues, and chāpān, long coat 187; qālpāq, felt wide-awake 258; qūsh-begi, a Court official 278; shaghāwal ib. 463; jīrān, a deer 491; qīn, scabbard 503; akhta-begi, master-gelder 538; būljār, a rendezvous etc. 592; —Part II. J. Scully—qodan, water-hen 224; kīklīk (caccabis, chikūr) 496; ‘aqqa, magpie 501; qīrīch, swift 501; būīā, a plant 505; amān-qarā (perhaps maize) 504; aīrkāk-qūmūsh, male-reed 514.

Diseases and accidents:—(a) Babur’s saddle turns 147; sciatica 253-4; boils 254, 657-60; dislocated wrist 409-13-20; tooth breaks 424; ear-ache 310, 601-8-15; fall of river bank 655; fall of tent 678; wounds of head 150-167, —leg 167-9, —arm-pit 176; his illnesses:—unspecified (923) 365; catarrhal discharge (rezāndalīk) 446-49-51; fever (903 AH.) 88-9, (911) 247, (925) 399 to 401, (934) 585-6-8, 603-4, (935) 619-20, (937) 702-3-5; (b) Of others:—child-birth 36; small-pox 48; “violent illness” 45; frost-bite 116, 311; cold 151; ulcerated hand 125; siphylis 279; pestilence 524; paralysis 620; malarial fever 4, 8; fever 33, 246.

Diversity of place-names through trs. see (e.g.) Qīzīl = Surkh, Safed = Spīn.

Dividing line of the Afghāns and Khurāsān 200.

Divorces 267-8, 329.

Dīwān-i Bābur Pādshāh, [ed. Sir E. D. Ross]—not Bābur’s earliest collection 438-9, 447; appears referred to 642; verses suiting his moods and deeds 604, 626-44, 705; verses of the Dīwān in the B.N. 526-75-84-89; the Wālidiyyah-risala and B.’s new ruler 643; Elizabethan conceits 645; concerning the Rāmpūr MS. App. Q, (illustration); 585; 635.

Dīwān-i Khwāja Ḥāfiẓ [ed. H. Brockhaus, trs. W. Clarke]—a couplet 411.

Dīwān-i Nūru’d-dīn ‘Abdu’r-raḥmān Jāmī—a quatrain plagiarized 257.

Dīwān-writers mentioned by Bābur—Āhī 289; Ahlī 290; ‘Alī-sher Nawā’ī (Pers.) 272; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (Turkī) 259; Kāmī 290; Saifī 288; Suhailī 277; Maḥmūd Barlās 51; Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46.

Domestic animals—ass 144; buffalo 231, 393, 454, 490; camel:—khachar 74, 249, tīwa 232-5, 240, 376-91; camels counted 391; flesh eaten 251; cost of keep 489; gift of 382; —cattle 150, 231-4-5-8, 333-96, 454; symbol of submission 232; —dog 144, 224; elephant s.n. Nat. Hist.; horse see s.n.; mule 194, 338; sheep 50-5, 71, 228, 234-5-8-9, 249-50, 394; swine 211; yāk 55, 490 (here baḥrī-qūtās) App. M; —fowls 82, 213; goose 82; pigeon 13, 259, 401.

Domestic appliances—china 80, 195, 407; festal ornament 304, App. I; drinking cups 489, 298 and 552; fuel 223, 311; goatskins 371, 421; gong 515; knife 44; lamp 518; litter 254 and 401, 331 n. 3, 268; rope 509; spoon 44, 73 n. 1, 407, 509; table-cloth 44, 132; tooth-pick 407; torch 213-34, 387-8, 518.

Dreams—Bābur’s 132, (attributed) 132 n. 2, App. D, xi; another’s App. D, xii.

Dress, articles of—bāsh-ayāq = sar-u-pā (head to foot) i.a. 159, 393; bathing-cloth (fūt̤a) 275, 527; brogues (chārūq) 187; caps:—black lambskin (qarā-qūzī būrk) 258, ermine (ās būrk) 150, Mughūl būrk 15, 179; muftūl or mūftūnlūq Mughūl būrk 159; helm-cap (dūwulgha būrk) 167; —chār-qab 304, 527; clasp (qulāb) 156; girdle (tak-bund) 156, (bīl-bāgh lit. waist-band) 298, (kamr-bund) 642; cymar (khimār) 561; coats and tunics:—jāma 652, surtout (jība) 303, 632, long coat (chāpān) 187, sheep-skin coat (postīn) 181; short tunic (nīmcha) 652; tunic and coat (tūn) 14, 51, 159, 166, 371, 400; clothes-in-wear (artmāq, artmāq) 339; torque (t̤auq) 561; head-wear (bāshlīq) 632; lung (dhoti) 519; rain-cloak (kīpīng) 389; feather tippet 496; turban 14, 33, 101, 258; turban-aigrette 225, 325; wide-awake (qālpāq); vest (kūnglāk) 171.

Drums—nagaret 144, 155, 250, 337, 369, 628; of departure 235, morning 392, saddle 163-4; drumming sound [at the Running Sands] 315; dismissal of 595; tambour-player 247.

Durch Asien’s Wüsten, Sven Hedin—Farghāna wind 9.

Dynasties—Bāhmani 482; Qīlīch 29; Tūghlūq 451; Shaibānī’s destruction of 39; “Mughūl Dynasty” a misnomer in Hind 158 (see s.nn. Turk and Mughūl).

Noticeable words:— dābān, a difficult defile; dādā 157 (see t̤aghāī); Ar. daur, warp of a bow, App. C; dīm [T root de, telling] = P. san, numbering 1542954, 161, 468, Add. Note, P. 54.

Ear-rings 510 (where add (in l. 5) an omitted passage entered in App. O, liv).

Economic Products of India, Watts—date-plum 210; fish-drugs 226; oranges var. 512.

Editors mentioned in loco—A. S. Beveridge, G. B.’s Humāyūn-nāma, and Fac-simile of the Ḥaidarābād Codex; H. Brockhaus, Die Lieder des Hafis; E. G. Browne, Taẕkirātu’sh-shu‘arā (Memoirs of Poets), Tārīkh-i-guzīda (Select History); C. M. Fræhn, Shajarat-i Turk (Genealogical Tree of the Turk); N. I. Ilminski, Bāber-nāma (Kasan Imprint); I. Kūnos, Shaikh Sulaimān Effendī’s Vocabulary; D. C. Phillott, Taẕkirāt-i T̤ahmāsp; E. D. Ross, Bābur’s Dīwān (Rāmpūr MS.), and Three Turkī MSS. from Kashghar; C. Schafer, Siyāsat-nāma; R. C. Temple, Peter Munday’s Travels; F. Veliaminof-Zernov, Abūshqa; H. Yule, Wood’s Journey.

Einblicke in das Farghana Thal—A. I. v. Middendorf—winds 9.

Elphinstone, Hon. M.—his Codex see s.n. Bābur-nāma.

Embassy from Bābur to Moscow App. Q, lxiii.

Embassy to Timur, Ruy Gonsalves di Clavigo (trs. Sir C. Markham)—Hindustan the Less 46; kneeling in greeting 54; Samarkand 74-5-8; Kesh 83.

Encyclopædia Britannica—range of temperature 204; Farīdu’d-dīn ‘At̤t̤ār 271; rhinohorns 408; maize when first in Asia 509.

Encyclopædia of Islām—Réné Basset’s art. Al-buṣīrī 620.

Erskine William—Preface xxxiii, xliii-iv-viii-ix, Cap. IV, [see Memoirs of Baber and History of India].

Essays, Lord Bacon—Ismā‘īl Ṣafawī’s personal beauty 441.

Etiquette and decorum—well-mannered 45, 271-3-6, 303; knees not crossed 33; feet hidden 34; deference to elders 303; epistolary 332; farewell 330; —Interviews:—kneeling 61-9, 301, 408; looking one another in the eyes (i.a.) 54, 64; embrace 160; —Meetings:—The Khāns with Bābur 54, 159, 169; the two Khāns 160; Tīmūriya reception 59; Bābur and the Bāī-qarā Mīrzās 297-8-9, and elder Begims 301-97; his reception of Khusrau Shāh 193, Daulat Khān 459, Naṣrat Shāh’s envoy 640-1.

Exemplars of Bābur—Preface, Cap. I.

Expédition scientifique Française, C. E. Ujfalvy—yīghāch (measure) 4; Aūsh (Ūsh) 5; Barā-koh 5; Bābur’s serviceable “Farsī-gūī” 7; misreading (?) App. A, ii; distances near old Akhsī ib. v; Samarkand 74; Āb-burdan 152.

Explorations in Turkistan, R. Pumpelly—Āq-būrā-rūd (Huntingdon’s art.) 5; Akhsī App. A, i, v.

Fair at Sakhī-sarwār, Michael Macauliffe—238.

Famous Monuments of Central India, Sir Lepel H. Griffin—Gūālīār 605.

Fān-valley, W. R. Rickmers—[JRGS. 1907], Sara-tāq-dābān 129;

Āb-burdan 152.

Farhang-i-az̤farī [Turki-Pers. Dict.] nihilam explained 45.

Fauna of British India, Oates and Blanford—flying-squirrel and snow-cock 213 nn. 5, 6, 7; various birds 495, 497, 501.

Festivals—Bābur’s Rāmẓān rule 584; Īd-i-fit̤r 66, 235, 311, 351, 410, 584, 683, 689; Īd-i-qurb-ān 154; Nū-roz 236; approximation of Nū-roz and Īd-i-fit̤r 236.

Fifth-share (Khams) 324.

Five-days’ World 50, 128, 328.

Flora Indica, W. Roxburgh—spikenard 392; mahuwā 505; gūlar 508; chirūnji ib.; kīūrā 514.

“Florio Beg Beneveni”, Secretary to a Russian Mission, Preface xliv.

Folk-lore—test of a dead woman’s virtue 212; blizzard-raising spring 219; “commerce with the Spheres” 275; eye-bewitchment 664; omen as to sex of an unborn babe App. L; succession customs 482.

Food (ex. birds and fruits)—bread 148 (cf. A.N. trs. i, 421 for spiced bread, also Memoirs p. 144 n.); brochettes (kabāb) 148, 415; betel 440; camel-flesh 493; carrots 542; cheese 394; meat cold 411; date-palm cheese 508; dried meat 542; fritters 541; haggis 506; hare 542; honey 203, 409, 440; lotus seed 660; mango preserve 440; millet porridge 181; pistachio nuts 508 (cf. s.n. Nat. Hist.).

A Frontier Campaign, Lord Fincastle—khahr = shahr 367; Katgola and Panj-kūra 374.

Frontier-posts 213.

Games and amusements—acrobats 635; cards 584; chess 38, 275-84-87; dancing 276-99, 303; dancing-girls 522, 634; dice 16, 275-8; draughts 16, 278; feats of archery q.v.; fights of cocks 259, rams 259, elephants 631, camels 631; improvisation and recitation of verse 16, 26, Preface xxx; kūk-būrā 39; leap-frog 26; pigeon-flying 13, 259; polo (chaughān) 26; wrestling 292, 660-83, Index I. s. nn. Dost-i-yāsīn, Ṣādīq; hawking and fowling see s.n.

Gardens—Andijān:—Chār-bāgh 29, Ḥāfiẓ Beg’s 108, Birds’ 168, Aūsh 5, Asfara 7, Kāsān 10; Tāshkīnt:—Ḥaidar Kūkūl-dāsh’s 54, Poplar 145, 146; Samarkand:—Heart-expanding 78, 82, New 62, 138, North, Paradise, Plane-tree 78, Plain’s 92, Porcelain, World-picture 78, Darwesh Tarkhān’s 80, 81; Kābul:—Almshouse 315, Avenue 647, Bābur’s Burial-garden 709 see illustrations, Chār-bāgh 249-51-54, 346-97-98, 416-7-8, Ḥaidar Tāqī’s 198, 401, Khalīfa’s 315, Little 198, Paradise 315-6-7, Plane-tree 401, 418, Private 346-97, Rendezvous (?) 346, Violet 395, 415-7; Koh-dāman:—Istālif 216-7, 398, 416, New Year’s 246, Royal 418; Nīng-nahār:—447, Adīnapūr 207 and n. 5, Chār-bāgh, Fidelity 207 n. 5, 208, 394, 409, 414-21-22, 443-7; Qarā-tu 395; Herāt:—‘Alī-sher’s 305, Marigold, Town, White 306, Raven’s 134, 306; Hindustan:—Ṣafā (purity) 381, 665, (Agra), Chār-bāgh, Eight-paradises 531-3-7, 543-4, 548, 616-34-86, Gold-scattering 640-41, 689 n. 3, *708, Garden of Rest 709, (Dūlpūr) Chār-bāgh 603-6-15, Lotus 639, (on the Gagar) 465, (Sīkrī) 581-4, (Gūālīār) 607-10-12-13-14.

Gardening see “Indian” and “Manual”.

The Gate—Lordship in 24; Bābur’s 26, 32; the place of judgment 24, 197, 259; Gate-house 43; between-the-doors 24, 100, 133; waiting in 277; gate-ward post 166.

Gates of India, Sir T. H. Holdich—a Central Asian claim to Greek descent 22; headwaters in Koh-i-baba 216; a route 310.

Gazetteers:—[see nn. on pp. named];

Ga”ze of India [ed. 1908-9]—Observatories 79; Nīl-āb 206; Gūr-khattri 230; Pīr Kānū 238; Sawātī 378; Parhāla 387; Nagarahāra App. E, xvii, xx (Bellew); the Gagar (Kakar, Ghagghar) 465; Bāgar 573; Chandawār, Chandwār 581-9, 643; Lukhnūr 582; Sarwān 587; Sikandra Rao ib.; Gūālīār 605, 610, 611; Parsarūr 684;—Gujūr 250; Kakar 386; Luḥānī (var.) 455; Mundāhir 700; —brackish streams 384; a ruined range 486; a hunting-ground (Bārī) 509; Jūna(h)pūr = Junpūr 676; —tree squirrel 492; frogs 503; yāk App. M, xlvii.

Ga”ze District Gs. of India:—Allahabad, (H. G. Neville), 653; ‘Azamgarh, (”), 680; Ballia, (”), 664, 667; Etawa, (Drake-Brockmann), 644 nn. 2, 6; Fathpur, (H. G. Neville), 651; Fyzabad, (”) 656, App. U; Ghazipur, (Drake-Brockmann), 658; Gualiar, C. E. Luard, 590-4-7, 605-9, 610-12-13-14; Gurgaon, (F. Cunningham), 578-80; Jihlam, (”), 452, 461; Mainpuri, (E. R. Neave), 643-4; Rawalpindi, (F. A. Robertson), 452; Saran, (L. L. S. O’Malley), 664; Shahabad (D. B. Allen), 664; Sultanpur, (H. G. Neville), 683; Ulwar, Alwar (P. W. Powlett), 557-8.

Gazetteers of the Province of Oude, App. T, lxxv, lxxvi.

Ga”ze of the Turkistan Region, Col. L. F. Kostenko —Farghāna:—passes 2; fruits 3; cooking recipe 4; fever 4; running-waters 5; Āq-būrā-rūd 5; Khujand 7, 8; Mogol-tau 8; Sang-ferry 176; —Samarkand:—74; extent of town 75, 145; Kohīk-sū 76; paper-making 81; Āb-burdan 15; three passes 83, 90, 129; Lake Iskandar 129; —distances 4, 6, 75, 84; ravines App. A, ii; various ib. v; rapid riding 25; kūk-būrā 37; Sārts and their tongues 6, 7; Central Asian claim to Greek descent 22.

Géographie, Abū’l-feda [trs. Reinaud]—land cultivated by the Zar-afshān (Kohik) 76; Naṣīr Tūsī 79; names of Qarshī 84.

Geography and History of Bengal, H. Blochmann—Habshi succession-customs 452.

Ge”og of the Qandahār Inscription, T. Beames [JRAS. 1898]—revision incomplete App. T. xxxiv.

Ge”og Oriental [Ashkālu’l-bilād] Ibn Ḥauqāl, [trs. Ouseley]—absorption of the Sīr 3; “Banakas̤” 9; Akhsī App. A, ii, iii; Kohik irrigation 76; Samarkand Gates 77; Qarshi names 84.

Geographical unit, [village and its cultivated land] 3.

Geschichte von schönen Redekünste Persiens, Freiherr v. Hammer-Purgstall—Hilālī 290; Shāh u Darwesh 290; Sām Mīrzā’s jeer 648.

Ghiyās̤u’l-lughāt (Pers. Dict.), Muḥ. Ghiyās̤u’d-dīn Rāmpūrī—kardi-peach 504.

Ghulām-i-muḥammad (collaborator with Raverty)—Nijr-au 213; Nīl-āb 206; Bābur’s frontier-posts 213; a route 208.

Gibb, E. J. Wilkinson, Memorial Trust—Preface xlvii.

Glossary of Terms, H. H. Wilson—ser (sīr)-measure 517; tanāb-measure 630.

The Golden Bough, T. G. Frazer—a succession custom 482.

Goswara Inscription, Kittoe and Kielhorn [I.A. 1888]—App. E, xviii-ix, xxii.

Grant, Mr. Ogilvie—his help App. B, vii.

Great Diamonds of the World, E. W. Streeter—its Koh-i-nūr account incomplete 477.

Greek descent, 22, 341.

Guest-begs 141, 227.

Gul-badan Begīm (Lady Rosebody) see H. N.

Gulistān, Sa‘dī [trs. Eastwick]—quoted 42, 152-8, 190, 313.

Gulzār-i-Bihār, Ajodhya Prasad—rulers in Tirhut and Darbanga App. P, lvii; varied by Sir G. A. Grierson (I. A. 1885) ib. n. 1.

Noticeable words:— P. gosha, bow-tip and notch App. C; P. gosha-gīr, an archer’s repairing-tool 160-6, App. C, = chaprās and kadāng; P. ghūnchachī 17.

Ḥabību’s-siyar, Khwānd-amīr—[see nn. on pp. named]; relations with the Bābur-nāma 57, 127, 256, 328; value as a source 70, 348, 426; not used for The Memoirs 347; used by Bābur 11, 256-91; completion of 687; —Kinsmen of Bābur 13,2955 18, 34-5, 46-8, 50, 61, 90, 111, 127; —Bābur 29, 147, 184, 297, 354-7, 432-7, 704; —various persons 25, 38, 47, 50-4-8, 72, 98, 111, 128, 249, 396; [Bih-būd] 227 and App. H, xxvi, 579, 621; varia 133, 244-96, 327-8-9, 463 (n. where read Tamarisk), 469, 617-22; —Herāt 305; Chār-shaṃba 71; kīsāk 66; Niz̤āmī 85 (where in n. read l. 2), Ḥ.S. iii, 44, 167.

Haft Iqlīm, Amīn Aḥmad Rāzī—celebrities of Chīrkh 217.

Hand-book to Dihli, H. J. Keene—places visited by Bābur 475.

” to Bengal, Murray’s—observatories 79; Dihli 475, 704. ” to the Panj-āb, Murray’s—Qandahār Inscription App. J, xxxiii.

Hawking and fowling—experts in 31-8, 40-5, 67, 270-3-6; birds with dogs 224; a story 254; lost hawk 394; Bābur’s gift of a goshawk (qārchīgha) 385; Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī and goshawks 34, Add. Note, P. 34.

Herāt’s high standard of proficiency 283, Preface xxx; see Index II.

Herat, On the city of, Col. C. E. Yule [JASB. 1887]—280, 305-6.

” B. de Meynard (J. A. xvi)—257, 305-6-7, 326.

Hidāyat, Burhānu’d-dīn ‘Alī Qīlīch (trs. C. Hamilton)—its author’s birth-place 7, 76; held in honour 76; his descendant 29; Khams, the Fifth 324.

Hidāyatu’r-rāmī (The Archer’s Guide), Amīnu’d-dīn (T. O. MS. 2768)—nāwak 142; gosha-gīr App. C, viii; (cf. AQR. 1911, H.B.’s art. Oriental Cross-bows).

High Tartary, R. Shaw—tanga, (coin) App. P, lvii.

Hindū-shāhī rulers in Kābul 200.

Hindustani uses of “Khurāsān” 202 and other words 455-88-91-92-99 (where for yak-rang read bak-ding); pronunciation 380, 484.

Hinks, Mr. A. E. (R.G.S.), estimate of distance from Kishm to Qandahār 621.

Histoire de Chingiz Khan, F. Pétis de la Croix, the elder—Gūk-sarāī 63, Ascension Stone 77.

Histoire du Khanat de Khokand, L. Cahun—Farghāna winds 9.

Hi”st du Khanat de Khokand, Gen. V. R. Nalivkine—Sarts 6; Akhsī App. A, i, iv, v; tradition of Bābur’s abandoned child 358.

Hi”st de Timur Beg, F. Pétis de la Croix, the younger—Samarkand Gates and walls 77 (see Z̤afar-nāma).

Historical Sketches, Col. Mark Wilks—wulsa (flight en masse) 486-7 (where for “ūlwash” read ūlwan); Add. Notes, P. 487.

Histories:—(see nn. on pp. named).

Hi”st of Bukhara, A. Vambéry—descent of chiefs 244.

Hi”st of Gujrāt, E. C. Bayley trs. see Mirāt.

Hi”st of India, Elliott and Dowson—Tarkhāns 31 (where add (n. 4) references vol. i, 300, 320-1, 498); Farmūlis 456, 675; Bugīāls 452; varia 274, 440-77, 652-9, 693; places 191, 219, 457, 582, 699; earthquake 247; Mīān = Shaikh 457; a B. N. source 348, 428-39, 621; The Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī 653; supers-session of B.’s sons proposed 703. Hi”st of India, Baber, W. Erskine—148-94, 247, 332-8, 343-6, 361, 440-78, 520-2, 562, 651, 702; gunpowder 369; coins and Revenue List 446-78, 520-22, 627, App. P, lv; value of the book 428. Hi”st of Musical Sounds, C. Carus-Wilson—215. Hi”st of Ottoman Poetry, E. J. Gibbs—double meaning in composition App. Q, lxiv. Hobson-Jobson, Sir H. Yule (ed. Crookes)—(see nn. on pp. named), Byde (var.) Horse 470; the Koh-i-nūr 477; black-buck 491; gynee-cow 492; partridge cries 496; rock-pigeon (bāghrī-qarā?) 498; coucal 500; koel 501; mango 503; plantain 504; “mohwa” 505; kīshmīsh 505; jambū 506; jack-fruit 506; toddy 509; an orange 511; shoe-flower 513; ghurry (clepsydra) 516; ser (measure) 517; “bowly” (baoli) 533; “talookdār” 621; “cuscuss”-grass 631; “moonaul” (monal) App. N, xlix; “choki” App. V, lxxxi. Holy War—against Kāfiristān 46; Bābur’s against Sangā 547 et seq. and Chandīrī 589; references to 579-83, 637.

Horse-accoutrement—Mughūl 160; mail 140-67, 380; saddle-bags 338.

Horses—tīpūchāqs;—a breeder of 38; mentioned 235, 303 and 336 (grey), 383 (almond-coloured), 401, captured at Qandahār 338; —Kābul horse-trade 202; horses bred for sale 235; how fed in a siege 145; eaten on a journey 148; swim the Zarafshān in mail 140; in snow 253, 308-11; single-file in snow 314; women’s use of during a battle 268; murrians 31; abandoned 239, 379; invalided to Kābul 376-8; trodden down by elephants 457; restorative treatment 666; —tribute in 228, etc.; raided by Bābur 313; galloping-ground for 222; steps counted to estimate a distance 666; —qūsh-āt, a change-horse led by a rider 453; corn and grass for 186, 221-2-3, 238; 311, 394; unfit grass 222; anatomical similarity with the rhinoceros 490.

Hot-bath, ḥammān—Samarkand 78, Akhsī 173, Kābul 346, Bābur finds none in Hindūstān 518, constructs in Agra, 532, 634, in Dūlpūr 614, 639.

Households and families—various 32, 123, 125-9, 141; Bābur’s sent to him 71-2, 151-3; (B.’s) 184, 306; marching for Kābul 189, 191-7; Mughūls’ come to B.’s army 192-4; B. safeguards 199, 460-1; driven like sheep 242 (2); Bāī-qarās desert 327; Shaibānī anxious about 135, 343; B.’s come to Hind 645-6, 650-7-8, 665-75-89; his wives and children 711-4.

Houses—high 221, windowed 201; in Chandīrī 597; in Gūālīār 608.

Huma, a fabulous bird 26.

Hunting:—circle (jīrga) 114, 325, 424-50, 657; Babur’s hunting 296, 602, 707.

Humāyūn-nāma, Bāyazīd Bīyāt—a commanded book 691.

Humāyūn-nāma, Gul-badan Begīm—(trs. and ed. A. S. Beveridge)—[see nn. on pp. named]; Adik Sl. 23; a betrothal 48; Khān-zāda 147; Māh-chūchūk 199, 342; Apāq B. 301; Mahdī Khw. 381, 688, 703-4, 579; ‘Asas (1) 387, (2) 552; Māmā Atūn 148, 407; various men 408 and 640, 526; a begīm’s manly pursuits 263; Māhim B. 344, 686; Mirzā Khān 433 (where, l. 2 fr. ft. read grand-“mother”); Bābur’s sons 436, App. J, xxxv, 619, App. L, xliii, 545; B.’s daughters 441, 522, 708, 713; Bābur’s wounds 167, 524, 616, 630; his self-devotion 701, (illustration 702, Preface xxxii;) his death 708-9; removal of body to Kābul 709; —references to the H.N. 347, 689, 691-4, Pref. xxviii; its Biographical App. 13, 705, 711.

Ibn Batuta see Travels.

Hi”st Ḥauqāl see Geography.

Illustrated London News—fortress gun and stone ammunition 595; rafts 673.

Indian Eras, Sir Alex. Cunningham—intercalary months 515; discrepant dates App. S, lxxi.

Indian Forest Trees, D. Brandis—[see nn. on pp. named], date-plum 210; cypress 222; weeping-willow App. I, xxxii; “mohwa” 505; bullace-plum 507; orange-like fruits 510; ebony-tree 585.

Indian Hand-book of Gardening, G. T. F. Speede—sinjid (jujube) 203; amlūk (date-plum) 210; saṃbal (spikenard) 392; “keeras” (cherry) 501; kamrak (averrhoa carambola) 506; sang-tāra (orange) 511; under-ground jack-fruit App. O, lii.

Inscriptions—Bābur’s atĀb-burdan 152, Bād-i-pīch pass 343, Qandahār App. T; —on Ajodhya Mosque App. U; on B.’s tomb 710.

Inscriptions de Caboul, J. Darmesteter [J.A. 1888]—in Bābur’s Burial-garden 710.

Intercession—Bābur’s, through Aḥrārī 620; through Imām ‘Alī, 702.

“Islam”’s foes killed 370; its army 564; Ivory 489.

Jogis—at Gūr-khattrī 230.

Journal of Travel, W. Griffiths—red apple 507; cicadæ s. of Ghazni App. N, l.

Journey from Bengal to England, G. Forster—division of climates 229 (where for “Travels” read Journey).

Journey to the Sources of the Oxus, J. Wood (ed. Yule)—Kābul 199; Running-sands 201, 215; Hindu-kush passes (Yule’s Introduction) 204; dun sheep 224; Nagarahāra regions App. E, xxiii.

Journeys in Biluchistan, Afghanistan and the Panj-ab, E. Masson—(see nn. on pp. named), Kābul 199, 200, 201, (fruits) 203-4; Shibr 215; Panjhīr 205; Nīl-āb (in Ghūr-bund) 216; Adīnapūr 207; Chaghatāī castles 208; a meaning of “Lām” 210; Running-sands 215; Judas-tree 216; —places 405, 412-17-45, 647; routes 231, 417; sign of submission 232; Nagarahāra App. E, xvii; “Babur Padshah’s stone-heap” (cairn) 416; Preface p. xxxviii.

Journey to India overland, A. Conolly—Kābul 199; rawāj (rhubarb) 203.

Kabul see “Cabool” and “Caubul”.

“Kāfir”—uses of the word 481-3; 518, 577.

Kafirs of the Hindu-kush, Robertson—their wines 212.

Kaiser Akbar, Count F. v. Noer (trs. A. S. Beveridge)—finance reform 282.

Kehr, Dr. G. J. [scribe of the Pet. F. O. School Codex of the “Bukhārā Bābur-nāma”] see Wāqi‘-nāma-i-pādshāhī.

The Khamsatīn (Two Quintets)—a reader of 15; imitated 288.

Khazīnatu’l-asfiyā [Treasury of Saints], Ghulām-i-sarwār—Khwājakī Khw. 67; Mīr Sayyid ‘Alī Ḥamadānī’s grave 211; Pīr Kānū 238; Jālalu’d-dīn Pūrānī 306; Sharafu’d-dīn Munīrī 666.

Khut̤ba—read disloyally 52, 328; Bābur’s compact 354-6; read in Dihli for him 476.

The (Koh-i-nūr) diamond 477, 702.

Klaproth Jules—Preface xxxix, xlvii; [see Archiv and Mémoires relatifs etc.].

Kulliyatu’r-rāmī (Cyclopædia of Archery), Muḥ. Budhā’ī—nāwak 142; gosha-gīr App. C, viii; (cf. Oriental Cross-bows, H.B. AQR. 1911).

Noticeable words:— khachar 74, 249; khāk-bīla (leap-frog) 26; Khān-dāda; kīsāk (old person) 66; kīm (yeast) 423; kīyīk 6, 8, 10, 224, 491; khimār = cymar (scarf) 561; kūīlāk syn. kūnglāk (pullover vest, jersey) 171-5; kūkbūrā see aūghlāqchī; kūr-khāna; Qarshī = Ar. qaṣr 84; kūrūsh, looking in the eyes, interviewing i.a. 54, 64, 640 (cf. qūchūsh, embracing); kusarū[?] 369; kūshlūq 250.

La Grande inscription de Qandahar, J. Darmesteter (JAS. 1890), App. J, xxxiii-iv.

Lahor to Yaṛkand, Hume and Henderson—yāk App. M, xlvii.

Laidlaw (JASB 1848)—nasal utterance App. E.

Lane’s Lexicon see Dictionaries.

Langlés art. Babour Preface xiv.

Law (Muḥammad’s)—on blood-vengeance 194, 251-8; Shaibānī’s disregard of 329; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s regard for 258; Bābur’s orthodox observance shown e.g. 25, 44, 111, 262, 370-7, 483, 547-51-74-89-96, and in the Mubīn and Wālidiyyaḥ-risāla q.v.; his orthodox reputation (epitaph) 711; his observance as to intoxicants 302, beyond his 23rd year 299, 302-3-4; his return to obedience (933) in 44th year 551-5; referred to 203 (verse) 645-7-8; his breaches of Law:—against types of verse 447, repented 448; against wine, see s.n. Wine.

Les Mosquées de Samarcande, Pet. Archeol. S.—74-8-7.

Les six voyages en Turquie, en Perse, et aux Indes, Jean Baptiste le Tavernier—the coin casbeke, kipkī 296.

Letters of Lady Mary W. Montagne—lovers’ marks 16.

Letters—Nawā’ī’s imitation of Jāmī’s collection 271; Bābur keeps a letter of 910 to 935 AH. 190; his royal-letters (farmān) 463-4, 526, 617 (with autograph marginal couplet), others (khat̤t̤) 331-2; to Khw. Kalān 411 (with autograph couplet), 603 n. 3, 627, and (reproduced) 645; to Humāyūn (reproduced) 624; to Kāmrān 645-6, Preface xxxv, xliii; to Māhīm 374, 541; Letters-of-victory:—Kābul 319, Bajaur 371, Ḥiṣar-fīrūza 466, Kānwa 559-74, 580.

Levirate marriage 23, 267.

Levy on stipendiaries 617.

Lexicon Persico-Latinum, I. A. Vullers see Dictionaries.

Leyden John—tentative trs. of the Bukhara Compilation, Preface xlvii-viii-ix, lviii.

Life and Letters of Ogier G. de Busbecq [trs. Forster & Daniel]—explains “Sult̤anīm” 29.

L’Inde des Rajas, L. Rousselet—Gūālīār 605.

Linguistic Survey of India, Sir G. A. Grierson—forms of “nine” App. E, xviii.

Loess 3, 30, App. A, ii.

Looting of assigned individuals 328.

Lord [JASB 1838]—Ghūrbund 205; Running-sands 215.

“Lords of the Elephant” 563-73.

Lordship in the Gate see Gate.

Lotophagi, a fruit they ate 210; quoted 42.

Lover’s-marks 16, Add. Note, P. 16.

Lubbut’t-tawārīkh, Yaḥya Kazwīnī—an early (brief) source 349; dates the battle of Ghaj-dāvān 361.

Noticeable words:— lām (fort) 210; likh, lūja, lūkha (a bird) 498, App. N, xlvii.

Ma‘āṣir-i-raḥīmī (a Life of ‘Abdu’r-raḥīm Mirza q.v.), ‘Abdu’l-bāqī Nahavandī—Bābur’s wife Ṣalḥa 713.

Ma‘āsiru’l-‘umrā, Shāh-navāz-Khān—Mu’az̤z̤am-nagar = Dīn-kot 206.

McGregor, Col. H. G.—meaning of “ningrahar” and “nungnihar” = 9 streams, App. E, xix.

Magic—rain making with the jade-stone (yada-tāsh) 27, 67, 654; the stone used to ensure victory 623; Bābur’s talisman to stop rain 423.

Majālis-i-nafā’is, ‘Alī-sher Nawā’ī—mentions ‘Abdu’l-lāh Barlās 51.

Making of a Frontier, A. G. A. Durand—Greek descent 22.

Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī (Tīmūr’s Turki Annals)—not discredited by no-mention in the mutilated B.N. 653; Yūnas Khān and the book Preface xxix; an incentive to Bābur xxx, perhaps also at xxxii; their acceptance in a Persian translation by Shāh-jahān xlvi.2956

Mammals of India, T. E. Jerdon—hog-deer 491.

Manners and customs of the modern Egyptians, E. W. Lane—drinkables 298.

Manual of Gardening, Firminger—cherries 203; kamrak fruit 506; an orange 511; sadā-fal 512.

Manufactures of Samarkand, cramoisy and paper 81, 305.

Marmion (Scott’s Notes to), wild geese checked in flight 214.

Marriage, compelled 386; levirate 23, 267; legitimate 269; illegal 329.

The Maṣnawī of Jalālu’d-dīn Rūmī (trs. E. H. Whinfield)—read by ‘Umar Shaikh 15, Preface xxx.

Materials for the History of India, Nassau Lees—amongst the sources for filling out Bābur-nāma gaps 428.

Mat̤la‘u’s-sa‘dain, ‘Abdu’r-razzāq (N. et Ex. xiv)—Timurid suzerainty acknowledged in Dihli [in 814-1411] 459.

Meal-hours—big breakfast 389; nooning 614-861.

Measures—Linear:—aīlīk (finger-breadth) 489, 630; arghamchī (rope) 614; arrow’s-flight (i.a. bow-shot), i.a. 8, 640; from gate-ward to Gate 316; gaz 611 n. 3; kuroh i.a. 76; qadam (step, pace) 75, 630, (of a horse) 666; qārī 7, 208-9, 489, 550, 611-29-30-31; qārīsh (inch) 489; qūlāch 406-93; shar‘ī 76, 200; spear’s length 196, 377, 474; tanāb (rope) 630; tūtām (hand-breadth) 630; yīghāch (Prs. trs. farsang) 4, 7, 9, 10, 25, 55, 76, 82-3-4, 99, 138, 208-17-18, 323, App. A, v. n. 1; —Time:—Hindūstān divisions of the year 515 to 517; boiling of milk 175, 237; —Weight:—bātmān 263, 276; mān 699; miṣqāl 421-77, 632; ratī 477 n. 6, 517; tāsh (stone, silver & gold) 632; Kābul sīr (ser) 632, 546; Table of weights of Hind 517-8; tūla 517-41; —ass-load (kharwar) 228, 338-9, 374; —Numeration (Indian) 518; —Capacity:—x mills water-power i.a. 208, 216, 462-5, 581; (coins by the) quiverful 632.

Medical and surgical remedies:—dried plums (prunes) 82; water dropped from cotton 89; trepanning 106-9; seton, bandage (yīldīz) 169; powder for bone-growing 169; water-melon and narcissus 246, 399, 401; rose-water (jūl-āb) 400; antidotes to poison 511, 543; tonic powders 606; opium 608, 661; quicksilver 618; pepper-steaming 657, 660.

Mediæval geography and history of Central and Western Asia, E. Bretschneider—Ālmālīgh and other old towns 2; Sīmīz-kīnt [Fat-village], a name of Samarkand 75; Nūyān explained 131.

Mémoires relatifs à l’Asie (ii, 134), J. Klaproth—its valuable extracts from the Bukhara Compilation, Preface, Cap. III, Part III; Bābur’s letter to Kāmrān, App. J, xxxv, (see Archivs).

Memory, retentive, 290.

Merv Oasis, O’Donovan—Rādagān 622.

Metamorphoses, Ovid—Scorpio and Libra 623.

Migration enforced—of Mughūls of the Horde 20, 350-1; of Tramontane tribes 202-70, 322; of villagers to Bajaur 375, and planned to Sīālkot.

Military:—Armies, size of:—Maḥmūd (Ghazni) 479; Shihābu’d-dīn Ghurī 480; Aūz-beg 480; Daulat Khān Lūdī 451; Bābur, Qandahār 334, Bhīra 480, Pānipat 452-80; Ibrahim Lūdī 463-80; Sangā 547; T̤ahmāsp at Jām 635; —Bābur’s force in various encounters (200 to 300) 91; (240) 100; (1000) 87; (240) 334-7; (10 to 15) 140; (100) 147; (10 to 15) 166; (3) ib.; (1) 167; (100) 173; (20 to 25) 177; (1) 178; —Commands:—Mīnglīgh (1000) 52; Nūyān (Mughūli) 151; Tūmān-begi (10,000) 17; Yūz-atlīk (Centurion of horse) 143; Qūchīn 32; —Army array:—108-13-55-98; 234-381; 468-71, 557-8; Bābur’s organization and terms 334; flanking-movement (tūlghuma) 139, described 140, 473, 568; rallying-point 547; rendezvous (buljār) 122-3, 592, 638; at the Sind-ferry 461-2; postings 113-39, 372, 595, 662-68; —Various:—A.S. Corps 674; army-list 451-2; camp-bāzār 67-8; Corps of Braves 28, App. H, xxvii; discipline 66-7; necessaries for holding a fort 145; numbering (dīm) 154-61, 468, (san) 451-2; pass-words 164; pillars of heads 232, 324-71, 404; war-cries 138-44-55-63-66; ways and means 228, 617; —Rājpūt fighting customs 595; massacres of “Pagans” 370, 484, 596; —Appliances and constructions:—axe (tool) 108, 379; catapult 59; camp defence:—ditch and branch 60-1, 110-17, 138, (908 AH.) 162, Rūmī defence of linked carts infra (932 AH.) 469-70, 550-58; draw-bridge (pul-i-rawān) 171-76; flaming-fire 595; guns see fire-arms; ladders (shātū) 130-31-43-71, 368-70, 593; mantelet (tūrā) 108-13-55, 368, 469, 593; mines 53-9, 343-70; moat 10; pit 198; head-strike (sar-kob) 53-9; spade or shovel (kītmān) 108; smoke 59; wheeled-tripod 550-7; —Armour:—helm 166-7, 396; cuirass (mail or wadded) i.a. 195, 315-96; the word jība 495; Qālmāq jība 175; coat of mail (joshan) 195; horse-mail (kīchīm) see horse; arm-protector, the 4 plates of mail, attachment (gharīcha) 167, 315, 396; —Arms:—battle-axe (bāltū) 160, 370; broad dagger (jaṃdar) 528; hanger (khanjar) 528; Hindū knife (kārd) 528; lance (neza) 370; six-flanged mace (shash-par) 160; rugged mace (piyāzī, Sanglākh Dict. f. 312b, kisgīn) 160; casse-tâte mace (kistīn) 160; scabbard (qīn) 167; sword (qīlīch) 160-61-67, 315-70-96, 453; broad sword (yāsī qīlīch) 150; (see Archery); —Carts (arāba) for Rūmī defence:—(Pānīpat) ordered collected 468; 700 brought and used as described 468-9; —misleading omission from (E.’s) Memoirs 468 n. 3; —progress of the defences 469-70; mantelets used 469; (position of guns 473-74); —(Kānwa) carts supplemented by wheeled tripods 550; place of carts in the march out 550-57-58; carts the frontal protection 550-58; well-made in Rūmī fashion 550; [posts of matchlockmen and canoneers along the line of carts 569]; carts in the battle 564-697, 471; centre troops move from behind them 570-71; carts advanced in front of Bābur 571; —(Jām) T̤ahmāsp’s Rūmī defence 623, 635-36; —Fire-arms:—firingi (swivel-gun, pierrier) 472, 667; mortars (qāzān) 59 —the Ghāzī cast 536, tested 547 —used 570-99 —ineffective at Chandīrī 592-5 —its elephant-traction 489; mortars and (add) carts landed 651 —used in the Gogra battle (where “tope”) 669-70-71; a larger mortar made, bursts 588; —ẓarb-zan (culverin) 473 —used at Pānīpat 474, Kānwa 564-9, 71, the Ganges-bridge 599, Eastern campaign 651-6; —tūfang, tūfak (matchlock) used 368-9, 466-9, 558-64-70-71-73, 599, 628-67-8-9; T̤ahmāsp’s 622-35; —gunners and matchlockmen 368, their pay 617 and wellbeing 647; “fire-working” Bengalis 672; —muljār (gun emplacement) 593, 628 (for būljār?), 668; —Stone-missiles:—hurled by hand 109, 370, 595; legendary dropping of by birds 563; discharged from catapults 59, from mortars and matchlocks 109, 369, 431-73, 571-88-93-95-99, 617-67-70-79; —Transport:—pack animals 235; camels 232-5, 378, (counted) 391, 601-56 (see Domestic animals); elephants 489; carts (baggage) 237, 376-77, 468, 636, 700, (gun) 592-99, (unspecified) 601-51-56.

Minerals:—ribbon jasper 6; turquoise 8, 12; iron 12; jade 27, 67; ruby 194; silver and lapis-lazuli 214; lead and copper 485.

Mirāt-i-jahān-numā, Shaikh Muḥ. Baqā—Khwānd-amīr’s journey to Hind 505.

Mirāt-i-sikandarī, ‘Alī Muḥ. Khān (trs. E. Clive Bayley)—Gujrāt affairs 535; persons 562 and 614, 612; Gūālīār jewels 613.

Mirror-stone, (Farghāna) 7.

Miscellaneous Works, Greaves—Observatories 79.

Mohl, Jules—date of revision of Tārīkh-i-firishta 694 (E. and D.’s Hist. of India iv, 209).

Mongolia, N. Prejevalsky (trs. E. Delmar-Morgan)—aīmāq 49, explained Add. Notes P. 49.

Moon-stroke 608.

Mountain-passes leading into the valley of Bamian, Lt.-Gen. E. Kaye, C.B. [PRGS. 1879]—birds 213.

Mubīn (Exposition), Bābur—date of composition (928 AH.) 426, 437; described 437-8; Bābur’s choice of its title 630, 653; thought during its composition 449; quoted 630; sent to Samarkand 653.

Mughūls and Bābur:—a faithful Mughūl 87-8; Mughūls enter his service 58-9, 189, 190-2-4, 245; support Jahāngīr against him see i.a. snn. Taṃbal, ‘Alī-dost; offer to supplant him by Sa‘īd Chaghatāī 351; sent to help him 101-4, oppose him 115; desert him 86-7, 104-5; Five Rebellions against him 105, 208, 313-4, 345-9, 361-2-3, 397; his following purged of them 427; his comments on them 66, 104-5, 115-40, 172; a Mughūl chief’s dying comment on them 363; “Mughūl dynasty” a misnomer 158.

Muhammadan Dynasties, Stanley Lane-Poole—Table of Timurids 262; various 479-82; certain Aūzbeg deaths 636.

Mu’inu’d-dīn al Zamji (J.A. xvi, 476, de Meynara’s art.)—Kīchīk Mīrzā’s Egyptian information 257.

Muntakhabu’l-lubāb, Muḥ. Hāshim Kh(aw)āfī Khān—[see nn. on pp. named], a source for filling Bābur-nāma gaps 208; Sihrind, Sar-i-hind 383; siege of Chandīrī 596; varies Bābur’s chronogram of the victory 596.

Muntakhabu’t-tawārīkh, ‘Abdu’l-qādir Badāyūnī (trs. Ranking, Lowe) Ḥasan Hijri 153; Bābur’s Script 228, App. Q, lxii, arrow-sped couplet 361; Mubīn 437-8; Chronogram of Sikandar Ludi’s death 427; the haunted field of Pānīpat 472; Ḥasan Miwāti 523; Shaikh Gūran 526; Fārighī 621; Muh. Ghaus̤ 690; quotes Bābur’s Funeral Ode 709.

“Musalmān” as used by Bābur 99, 104, 268, 481, and by Shaikh Zain 553-5.

Musalman Numismatics, O. Codrington—various coins 632 [see JRAS. 1913-4].

Music—instruments:—‘aūd (lute) 292, 395; chang (jews'-harp) 303; drum see s.n.; ghachak (guitar) 291; nāī (flute) 291, 303; qānūm (dulcimer) 278; qūbūz (guitar) 39; —modes:—76 n. 5, 136, 287, 422; —performers:—39, 278, 286-7, 291, 292, 422 (Bābur); at entertainments passim; —Banā’ī’s rapid progress as a musician 287.

Noticeable words:— āīmāq 51 etc. Add. Note P. 51; mīng = P. hazāra 52; mīng-begī see qūchīn; mihman-beg 227.

Nadir Shāh Pref. xlvii.

Nagarahāra, Simpson [JASB. xiii?]—App. E. xxiii.

Narrative of the Journey of the Embassy to Kashghar (Yarkand), H. W. Bellew—Satūq-būghrā Khān 29.

Nasal utterance—its seeming products “nīng” (var.) = nine, App. E, xviii, xix, and “Tānk” = Tāq 233.

Natural History—Beasts:—those common to Kābul and Hind 222; wild ass 224, 325; wild buffalo 490, 657; būghū-marāl 8, 10, 114, 373, 491, 500; —elephant described 488, encounters with rhino and camel 451, 631, 657, in battle 463-70, 457-66-68, 529, 668, in hunting 657, killed by a fleeing foe 662, killed in Makka 563, statues of, at Gūālīār 609, various 590, 628-58; —ermine-weasel 492; yellow fox 114; flying-fox (bat) 500 (and n. 6 where read f. 135); gainī cattle 492; goat 16, 83; hare 10, 114; —kīyīk:—black buck, hog-deer and a smaller deer 222, 491, āq kīyīk (white) 6, 8, 10, 491, qīzīl kīyīk, arqārghalcha (dun sheep) 224, 491; —tree-mouse 492; monkey, ape 211, 222, 492; musk-rat 214; nīl-gau 222, 490; pig 114; qūchqār (ram) 492; karg (rhinoceros) 378, 450-1-89, 557; squirrel 492; flying squirrel 2132957; tiger 393, 664; yāk (qūtās) 55, 155, baḥrī qūtūs 485, 490, App. M. —Birds:—migration 220-4; catching 220-4-5; common to Hind and Kābul 220; decoy-birds 225; impeded flight 214, 496; special notes on App. B and N; combined sex-name 500; dīng (adjutant) 398, 498; bak-dīng2958 (adjutant) 499; bāghrī-qarā see sand-grouse and App. N.; Indian bustard and Great bustard 498; Large buzak (black ibis) 499; white buzak 499, 500 l. 2; buzzard (T. sār) 499, 5002959; chameleon-bird see lūkha; cranes var. 224, 499; crow var. 500; ducks var. 224, 500; egret (qarqara) 224; golden eagle (būrgūt) 373, 500; florican 4982960; goshawk (T. qārchīgha and qīrghīcha) 34, Add. Note, P. 34, 385; grey heron (aūqār) 224, 499; jungle-fowl var. 497; kabg-i-darī 214, 496-7, App. N, xlix (see lūkha); kūīl, koel 501; Indian loriquet 494 n. 5; lūkha var. 213, 222, 496, Add. Note, P. 496 (see kabg-i-darī); magpie 500; green magpie 501; mānek (beef-steak bird) 499; monal 496, 497, App. N, phūl-paikar 497; bulbul (nightingale) 420, 501; northern-swallow 495; parrot var. 493-4; partridge var. 421-93-96-97; peacock 493; pelican (qūt̤ān) 224, App. N, 1; pheasant (qīr-ghāwal) 3, 8, 10, 34, 114, 493-97 (chīr); qīl-qūyirūgh (Qarshī-birdie) 84, App. B; quail var. 34, 497-8; sand-grouse (bāghrī-qarā) 84, 498,2961 App. B; sārīgh-aūsh2962 373; sharak; —Himālayan starling? 495 n. 3; pindāwati 495; house-mīna 495 (add n. ref. 5); pied-mīna ib.—sparrow (chūchūq) 8; snow-cock 213, 421, App. N, 1, (see lūkha and chīūrtīka ib.); white stork 499; karcha (swift) 501; wag-tail 498, 501; wild fowl 497; little green wood-pecker 501; zummaj 500 (“eagle,” add Its colour is black); —Fish and amphibia:—migration 225; catching 225-7, 406, 682; of Hindustan fish 503; cray fish 502; unnamed 663; frog 503; porpoise 502; crocodile var. 501-2, 663; —Various:—lizard 501-2; locust (chīūrtīka) 421, App. N, 1; mosquito 204; snakes, 8, 147, 406; Flowers:—Farghāna 5, 10; Kābul 215-7; Peshāwār 393; Hind 513-5; —arghwān (red, the Judas-tree) 216-7, 305, (yellow) 217; hibiscus 513; jasmine 515; oleander 514, 580, 610; roses 5, 321 (couplet), 513; screw-pine 516; tulips 5, 215, 321; violets 5; —Fruits:—Farghāna 2, 3, 6, 8, 10; Samarkand 77, 82-4; Kābul 202-3-8-9-10-12-16-18-20-21; Hind 503 to 513, App. O; —‘ain-ālū 506; almond 6, 7, 9, 223, 507-8; ālū-bālū 203; apple 2, 8, 77, 202-20, 507; apricot 6, 202; badrang 203; plantain (banāna) 208, 504; cherry 203; chīrūnjī 508; citron var. 203-8-10, 501-11; clustered-fig 508; coco-nut 509; colocynth-apple (wild gourd) 410-11 (where for khunt̤al read ḥunz̤al); coriander 211; corinda 507; date-palm 410-24, 506-8; date-plum (T. qarā-yīmīsh) 203-10; fig 508; grape 3, 77, 202-3-10-12-18-21, 507-8, 646-86-87; jack-fruit 506; jāman 506, 606; jīlghūza (pine-seeds) 203-13; jujube (sinjid) 196, 203; chīkdā 506; kamrak 506 (where add, It has no stone); lemon 512, 614; lime var. 512; lote-fruit 507; lotus-seed (dūdah) 666; mango 503; melon var. 10, 82-4, 92, 411, 645-6, 686-7; mimusops 505; myrobalan 508; nāshpāti 3; orange var. 203-10-11, 414, 510, 512, Add. N. P. 512, 614, App. O, liii; pear 203; peach 203; pistachio 508; plum 82; monkey-jack 506-7; pomegranate 6, 8, 77, 202-8, 507; quince 202, 507-12; tamarind 505 (n. ref. to būīā); walnut 203, 508; —Trees and plants:—amān-qarā, maize (?) 504, small almond 233, būīā 505, būtā-kūh 221, clover, trefoil, sih-barga, yūrūnchqā 6, 209, 346, conifers, archa, 221-2, cypress 81, 222, dhak 472; ebony-tree 585, 614, hardwood-elm 81, grass (cuscus) 631 n. 2, holm-oak 213-16-23, madder 218, mahuwā 505-8, male-reed 514, mandrake and its similars 11, mastic 213-23, millet 81, 215, mulberry (tūt) 248, 494, olive 222, palmyra palm 509, App. O, liv, Pinus Gerardiana, jilghūza 203-13, plane 216, 398, poplar var. 13, 15, (tūrūk) 145 and 156, 414 (where for “purslain” read poplar), qarqand 223, reed 514, rice 210, 342, rhubarb 203, 345, 507, spikenard 392, sugar-cane 208, 388, tabalghū 11, tamarisk 14, 463 (where, wrongly, “Tamarind”); —willow 217, 306, (weeping) 304, App. I, (amāl-bīd) 512; —Physical various—Climate:—change on the Kīndīrlīk-pass (?) 2; meeting places of hot and cold in Kābul 208 and 229, 220; both near the town 202; good climate Aūsh 4-6, Kāsān 10, Soghd 84, Kābul 263; —Climes:—Farghāna and Samarkand in the 5th 1, 74; Kābul in the 4th 199; —cold, Akhsī 116, Hasht-yak 151, Ghazni 219, 526, Khwārizm 219, upper Herī-rūd valley 311, Kābul 314; —Various:—dust-storm 520, 32-6; earthquake 247, 367; solar eclipse 659; ice,—Sīr-daryā crossed on 151; Kābul ice-houses 215; near Parhāla 452; none had in Hind 518; —malaria:—Andijān 4, Khujand 8; —rain:—384, 425; rain-making see magic; rain-talisman 423; rainy season (various) 405, 507, 514-19, 677-8; —snow:—208, 215, 252, 314, 373; Himālayan snows 485; perilous journey in snow 309-11; snowfall of Samarkand and Kābul compared 77; —wind:—Farghāna 9 and n. 2, 151; Kābul 201; upper Herī-rūd valley 310; Hind 520, pestilential 524, 532, 654-7, does damage to Bābur’s writings 658.

Nestorian Church 2.

New account of the East Indies (Edin. 1727), Alex. Hamilton—Malabar succession customs 482.

Nigār-nāma-i-hind, Sayyid Ghulām-i-‘alī—a British monument at Pānīpat 472.

Nine a mystic number—9 Tarkhān privileges 250; 9 allowed offences 250; gifts by nines; [Cf. Shajaratu’l-atrāk, Miles trs. p. 530, for the root of reverence for the number nine].

Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan, H. G. Raverty—[see nn. on pp. named], Kābul rulers and river 200; river called Nīl-āb 206; ‘Aqabain 201; Adīnapūr-region 207; Ghazni magic spring 219; migration of fowlers 225; Tīmūr’s pillars of heads 232; place of Ẕū’n-nūn’s death 327; “Kakar” 386; “Pātakh” (= bāt-qaq = quagmire) 403; But -khāk a vahāra-site 409; —Various places 206, 220, (Gūm-rahān) 236, 238-47-48 (2), “Chāriākar” (Chār-yak-kār) 295, 345-73, 403, (Zābul) 405; —Routes 206-9, 212, 228-35-54; book needs revision 330-67; a collaborator 213.

Notes on the Chugani and neighbouring tribes of Kafiristan, Col. H. S. Tanner (JRGS. 1881)—map mentioned 209; Dara-i-nūr 210, App. F; Nīng-nahār App. E, xix. [Cf. Index II s.n. chīqān.]

Notes on some monuments in Afghanistan, H. H. Hayden—Bābur’s Grave (illustration) 710, App. V, lxxx.

Nouvelle Géographie; L’Asie Antérieure, Réclus—[see nn. on pp. named], Farghāna 4, 5, 9; distances (Akhsī) App. A, v, (Tīrmiẕ-Ḥiṣār) 57; Samarkand 74, 83, 88; Mīl-i-rādagān 622; Kadgar (i.a. Qajar) 666; sīghnāq = fort App. Q, lxiv; dābān and other pass-names 54.

Noticeable words:— P. nabīra 66, 72; nihilam (game-driving) 45; M. nūyān 131, 224-73.

Observatories see Astronomy.

Omens— of the sex of an unborn child App. L; of success 466, 558.

Onau, Sir Charles Elliot—Badshāh-nagar named from Bābur’s halt 675.

“Oolak” (baggage-boat), perhaps from T. aūlūgh, great 663.

Open-table, maintainers of 39, 45-9, 119, 227.

Opium-eater 385.

Oriental Biographical Dictionary, T. W. Beale (ed. Keene) see Dictionaries.

Oriental Proverbs, T. Roebuck—the “five-days’ world” 50.

Noticeable words:— M. Oghlāt = T. Dūghlāt = Qūngūr-āt of Aūzbegs 22.

Pādshāh—uses of the word 1; title assumed by Bābur 344.

Pādshāh-nāma, ‘Abdu’l-ḥamīd—lacunæ in an early copy of the Bābur-nāma App. D, x.

Pādshāh-nāma, Muḥammad Amīn Kazwīnī—Bābur’s gardens in and near Kābul App. V; [cf. Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī].

Pagan see Kāfir.

Painting and painters—22, 78, 111, 272-91.

Painting and Painters of Persia, Martin—Bih-zād 291.

Pargiter, Mr. F. E.—on “wulsa” 487-8, Add. Note, P. 487.

Pass-names 54.

Pass-words see Military.

Penmanship and scripts—good writers 28, 111, 278, 291; the Bāburī-script 228, 642, App. Q, lxii.

Pen-names—‘Adilī 111, Ahī 289, Ahlī 290, ‘Arūzī 288, Badakhshī 288, Banā’ī 286, Bayānī 278, Fānī and Nawā’ī 272, Farāqī 137, Gharbatī 261, Hātifī 288, Hilālī 290, Ḥusainī 259, Kāmī 290, Sharaf 448, Suhailī 277, Tufailī 278, Wafā’ī 38, etc.

Persia and the Persian Question, Lord Curzon—its “Radkan” explained 622.

Persian Grammar, J. T. Platts (ed. Ranking) lunar months App. L, lxx.

Persian Poets, Sir W. Ouseley—Khwāja Kamāl 8.

“Pharoah” used as an epithet 39.

Poems of Niz̤āmī (Meçon and Lahor eds.)—Haft Paikar quoted 6; Khusrau u Shīrīn:—parricide 85, Add. Note, P. 85; death inevitable 182 [here Turkī], App. D, xi [here Pers.; Maçon ed. iii, 1589]; Fate an avenging servitor 251, Add. Note, P. 251 [f. 281 in MS. of 317 ff.]; swift action a maker of victory 625; lovers’ marks Add. Note, P. 16; —the Khamsatīn 15, 288.2963

Poems of Nūru’d-dīn ‘Abdu’r-raḥmān Jāmī—an exposition of the Nafaḥāt 284; the metre of the Subḥatu’l-abrār adopted in the Shaibānī-nāma 289, and in the Wālidiyyah-risāla 620 (where read raḥmān for “raḥīm”).

Poems of Kipling—“My Lord the Elephant” 208; “The Border-thief” 308; “If——” 320.

Poison—suspected 302, 576; given to Bābur 541; revealed by rhino-horn 489; antidotes, lime-juice 511, Lemnian Earth 543.

Political Mission to Afghanistan and Seistan, H. W. Bellew—birds at Āb-istāda 240; Qandahār 430, App. J, xxxiii.

Polyglot List of Birds, E. Denison Ross, Ph. D.—373, 495-6-7-8, 500, App. M, xlvi.

Popular Religion of Northern India, W. Crooks—Sarsāwa 467.

Prayers, The Five—‘Umar Shaikh’s observance of 15; voluntary Sunnat-prayer 100; Bābur (æt. 12) less neglects the after-midnight prayer 44; Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī observes on drinking-days 33; a reverse case 111; Erskine on their “performance” 258; time expressed by their names passim.

Prisoners—rebels killed 69, 113; war-captives killed 233, 466-8; set free 37, 237, 313, 371, 413; traitors pardoned 317-9, 320, 345.

Projectile-throwing engines of the ancients, Sir W. F. Payne-Gallwey—stone ammunition 667.

Promotions—to begs rank from the household-circle 104; household beg to Great Beg 86, 104; yasāwal to beg 273; to begship 87, 114, 278; qūrchī to qūr-begī 252; brave to beg 396; —a beg self-made 118; (‘Askari) to preside in Dīwān 628; (a Mīrzā) to royal insigna 662, 706; to use of the tūgh (standard), frequent.

Proverbs and sayings—90, 117, 24-5-8, 145-66-77-82-84-90-93, 223-7-8, 254, 310, 453-94, 542-3, 703.

Punishments—beard shaved off 404; blinding 50, 63, 95, 194, 266; bow-stringing 110, 194; quartering 238, 454, 543; hanging 345; impalement 341; nose-slitting 234, 383; parade mutilated 404, 234; shooting 543; skinning alive 542; for disloyalty 70, 113.

Puns and Quips—44, 115, 136-7, 150, 189, 287, 391, 529, 648.

Noticeable words:— P. pahr and pās distinguished 634; postīn 10.

Qandahar in 1879 AD., Le Mesurier—the old town 431; stone-ammunition ib.

Qandahar see La grande inscription de Q.

Qaṣidatu’l-burda, Al-buṣīrī—Bābur works from its motive 620; [cf. Réné Basset].

qibla—discrepancy 79.

qizil-bash (red-head) 266, 618-22-30-35.

The Qoran (trs. G. Sale)—quoted by Bābur 194, 316, 449; read by or to him, remedially, 401, Add. Note, P. 401, 585; copied by him in his Script 228; obeyed as to the Khams (5th) of booty 324; referred to by him 517; —‘Umar Shaikh a reader of 15, Preface xxx; transcribers of 38, 481; recited 246, 301; frequent quotations by Shaikh Zain 553 to 6, 559 to 74; quoted on a Samarkand arch 77; sworn on 179, 557; Shaibānī makes exposition of 329; a collection of homonymous verses 285; Sale’s Intro, referred to 562-3.

Quatremère, E.—(N. et Ex.) 446-59, (J. des Savans, 1843) 605.

Qirānu’s-sa‘dain, Amīr Khusrau—a couplet quoted 503 (H.B.).

Noticeable words:— qābāq 34; qāchār (punned on) 44; qārī (a measure) 7; qarā-tīyāq 101, 103; qāzāqlar (guerilla times) 35; qāptāl (part of a saddle) 253; qūba-yūzlūq (fat-faced) 14; qurchī (armourer, life-guardsman) i.a. 188, 288; qūchīn = mīng-begī 26, 40; qūrghān (walled-town) i.a. 3, 5, 8, 10; qūrūq (reserved land) 81, 168, 197; qūshūq (improvised dance and song) 24; qumīz (fermented mare-milk) 155; qūchūsh (embrace) 160; qūlāch (a measure) 406.

Races of Afghanistan, H. W. Bellew—Khīlīch 29 (where read title as above).

Raft—(Farghāna) 161, 180; (Kābul) 410-11-12-21-22-23, 447-8.

Rāmacārita, H. Sastri (Memoirs, AS Bengal) Nagarahāra App. E, xxiii.

Rāmpūr MS. of Bābur’s Diwān, Preface 1, App. Q.

Rapid travel—Aūrā-tīpa to Bābā Khākī 25; Kishm to Qandahār 621; Kābul to Āgra 621.

Rashaḥāt-i-‘ainu’l-ḥayāt [Tricklings from the Fount of Life] ‘Alī Kāshifī— Khwājakī Khwāja 62; Aḥrārī 620; [not known to Erskine].

Rauẓatu’s-ṣafā, Mīr Khwānd—referred to (?) 11; Bābā-i-kābulī 14; Hazārāspī 50; a chronogram 85; the Chaghatāī Khāns (908 AH.) 161.

Récueils d’Itinéraires, Th. Radloff—fruit as food in C. Asia 3, 114; position of Yītī-kīnt 11; elevation to Khānship 21; Pul-i-mougak 68 (Khorochkine’s art.); battle-cries 163.

Reports:—

Hi”st on the Ghilzai country, J. S. Broadfoot [ed. W. Broadfoot]—birds at Āb-istāda 240;

Hi”st of the Indian Archeological Survey, Cunningham & Ferguson—[see nn. on pp. named], places Bābur visited 475-6; a Gūālīār dynasty’s term of rule 477; Chandīrī 592-7, App. R, (plan); Gūālīār 605-7 to 13; App. R, (plan); Saṃbhal 687; —Annual Report 1914—kos-mīnār 629;

Hi”st on Karnal, D. Ibbetson—Mundāhirs 700;

Hi”st of Mission to Kāshghar, Col. J. Biddulph’s art.—marāl 8;

Hi”st” Persian Boundary Commission, W. T. Blanford’s art.—Pteroclas arenarius App. B, vi; —A. Gérard’s art.—irrigation-channels of Aūsh (Ūsh) 4;

Hi”st” Settlement Operations etc., Reid—old alluvium on the Gogrā 667; narrowing of the river 669;

Reports (I. O. Library) I, VI, VII, J. Wood—vine-culture 210; Ghūr-bund 214; bootr (a plant) 222; climate-shed 229; —VI, VII, D. Leach—204-5-6-13-38; —IX, X, Alex. Burnes—Kābul 199; unchanging trade-habits of Luḥānīs 235.

“Rescue-passage” 182, App. D; Preface xlv (No. viii).

Revenue Accounts (Bengal), F. Gladwin—dating of 935 AH. 629, App. S; tanāb-measure 630.

Revenue resources of the Mughal Empire, E. Thomas—coin-values 446; t̤amghā 553; Sikandarī tanka 577.

Revenues various—Farghāna 12, Tātār Khān Lūdī’s 383, Kābul-town 250, Hindustān 520, App. P.

Rhétorique, Garçin de Tassy—combinaisons énigmatiques 202.

Ride from Samarkand to Herat, N. Grodekoff (trs. Marvin)—Pul-i-chīrāgh 69; Chār-shaṃba 71.

Riyazu’s-salāt̤īn, Ghulām-i-husain—a Lūdī alliance 482.

Roads measured—Agra-Kabul 629; Munīr to camp by horse-paces 666; Chunār eastwards 659.

ruler, mist̤ār—a new one for copying the Wālidiyyah-risāla 643.

Russian Policy in Central Asia, Grigorief (Schuyler’s Turkistan App. IV)—Bābur’s embassy to Moscow App. Q, lxiii; Peter the Great’s embassy to Bukhara Preface p. liii.

Sachau, C.—on the Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī 653. Ṣāḥih-i-bukhārī, Ismā‘īl Khartank—his native land 76.

Sainthood—courage a witness to 90.

Siyaru’l-muta‘akhirīn, Ghulām-i-ḥusain Khān—trepanning 105.

Salt, fidelity to 125, 440.

Samarkand begs—action of 52, 62, 86, 124-5.

Samarkandis—displeased with a Mīrzā 42; overjoyed at his death 52; no scarcity in a siege 64; move against Bukhārā 65; oppose Bābur 72; their orthodoxy 75; joy at Bābur’s return 131-3.

Sanctuary 63.

Sang-lākh see Dictionaries.

Sārt, Sāīrt—Bābur’s serviceable use of the name 6, 7, 149; a “Sāīrt”’s blunder 169.

Science of Language, Max Müller—guest-tribes 227.

Scottish service for the Bābur-nāma, Preface xlvii, xlviii.

Second Afghan War (Official Account)—its maps 201-6, 229, 314-32; Chār-dih 200; Qandahār App. J, xxxiii; ‘Alī-masjid 450; a valuable book in following Babur’s campaigns, 333.

Second Journey through Persia, J. J. Morier (Ḥājī Bābā)—a bird App. B, vi.

Sects, Muḥammadan—Mātarīdiyah, Ash‘ariyah, Abū Ḥanīfa’s 75-6, Shafi‘ī 283; Radīyān 625.

Shāhī Kings of Kābul, Sir Aurel Stein—200.

Shāh-nāma, Firdausī [trs. Warner] Chāchī bow, khadang arrows 13; much read 15; Bāqī Tarkhān sketched 40; a couplet 557; a quatrain 571.

Shaibānī-nāma, Muḥ. Ṣāliḥ Mīrzā [ed. Vambéry]—[see nn. on pp. named], writes “Shaibānī” not Shaibāq 12; Sh.’s marriages, with Bābur’s sister 17-8, 147, and with Zuhra Aūzbeg 126-8; his dealings with Zuhra’s son ‘Alī 126-8, with Bābur 144-6-7, with the Chaghatāī Khāns 182-3-4; later action 191-2; —Taṃbal 145, 244; others 40, 62, 101, 196; Chīn Ṣūfī 242-56; Khusrau Shāh’s jewels 144; Oghlāt (Dūghlāt) 22; Chirkas sword 65; Khwāst a hell 221, bāghrī qarā App. B, v, vii; the book and its author 64, 120-1-7 [cf. Tuḥfa-i-Sāmī I.O. 655, f. 342].

Shajarat-i Turk, Abū’l-ghāzī Mīrzā [ed. Fræhn, trs. Désmaisons]—[see nn. on pp. named], “Nurīm” Sherīm etc. 29; an archer’s mark 34; san = dīm 154; tūghāī, tūqāī (bend of a river) 643; a Shabān sult̤ān 265; of Bābur’s descent see its Introduction.

Shajaratu’l-atrāk, Aūlugh Beg Shahrukhī (trs. Miles)—Bābur’s descent see its Introduction.

Sharaf-nāma, Sharaf Khān (trs. F. E. Charmoy)—Battle of Jām 635.

Sharafu’d-dīn ‘Alī Yazdī—his book on enigmas 201; his Z̤afar-nāma (see s.n.) Preface xxix.

Shaving—Bābur’s first 187; Humāyūn notes his in the B.N. 466; beard shaved as punishment 404; untrimmed by vow 552; head shaved 408, 649.

Shī‘a heresy—instances 258-62-86, 111 (and return); Bābur’s fatal Shī‘a alliance, 347-54-55-61, Preface xxxv.

Sikh religion—Nānak’s exposition to Bābur 461; Nānak and Daulat Khān ib.

Siyāsat-nāma [Traité de gouvernement], Wazīr Niẕamu’l-mulk, [ed. C. Schefer]—use of a whip in making count of an army 154.

Slaves—slave-women retaliate on their owner’s murderers 63, are captured at the Samarkand ditch 73, taken by crocodiles 502; slave-agents in poisoning Bābur 541; —Shāh Beg’s faithful slave see Saṃbhal; the chief-slave 346; slave-trade between Hind and Kābul 202; —Mīnglī Bībī, a slave-woman 269.

Song by Wordsworth recalled—the “undying fish” 305.

Spanish Literature, Ticknor—Montalvan on Lope de Vega 287.

Sport and politics under an Eastern sky, Lord Ronaldshay—marāl 8.

” and Travel, F. C. Selous—marāl 8.

Square seal—Abū-sa‘īd’s 28.

Standards (tūgh, qūtās-tūgh)—acclaimed 155; bestowed 372 etc.;

Bābur’s 140-66 etc.

Sūlūku’l-mulūk, Faẓl b. Ruzbahān Isfahānī—value as a source 348; supports the form “Bābur” 356.

Supplément etc., R. Dozy see Dictionaries.

Swimming—man and horse in mail 140, 237; man and horse bare 237; competition 401; on bundles of reeds 673; Bābur’s (in mail) 140, 603-55-660-61.

Noticeable words:— P. sar-i-sabz, green-head 66, 703; P. sar-kob 53-92964; sangur 232; sīghnāq, a script App. Q, lxiii.

T̤abaqāt-i-akbarī, Niz̤āmu’d-dīn Ahṃad—[see nn. on pp. named], Bāburī Script 228, App. Q, lxii; Jang-jang 370; date of Shāh Beg’s death 437; Hazāras serve Bābur 457; Gujrāt affairs 535; Multan affairs 699; Bābur’s Kashmīr force 692-8; the author’s father 691; proposed supersession in Hind of Bābur’s sons 644-88-92-93, discussed 702 ff.; the book plagiarized 693.

Hi”st -i-bāburi, Shaikh Zainu’d-dīn Khawāfī see B.N. and Zain.

Hi”st -i-nāṣirī, Minhaj [trs. Raverty] Sātūq-būghrā Khān 29 [where read T̤abaqāt]; Chandwāl 537; quoted by Bābur 479; described by Erskine 279; used in Appendix E, xxiii.

t̤amghā (lit. stamp), a transit or customs duty 250; forms the revenue of Kābul town ib.; Ḥusain Bai-qarā marks his stamps Bih bud (valid) 271; remission of 553-95; a t̤amghāchī clerk 629.

Tārīkh-i-‘ālam-arāī, Mīr Sikandar—[see nn. on pp. named], its Ṣafawī outlook 349; T̤ahmasp’s Aūzbeg campaign 622; Battle of Jām 623; insignificant appearance of ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh 636.

Hi”st -i-badāyūnī see Muntakhabu’t-tawārīkh.

Hi”st -i-daudī, ‘Abdu’l-lāh—“Shaikh” and “Mīān” interchangeable titles 457.

Hi”st -i-firishta, Muḥ. Qāsim Firishta [trs. Major-Gen. J. Briggs]—‘Umar Shaikh 13; a mistake 15; Bābur’s reluctance to rank himself with Tīmūr 134; his single combats 329; his sobriquet Qalandar 523; his Embassy to Persia 540; his siege of Chandīrī 596; —Yar-i-‘alī Balāl 91; Ghāzī Khan’s literary culture 460; the cognomen jān-dār 566; Badrū-ferry over Gogrā 667; —value of the book as a source 208, 349, 694; date of its revision 694.

Tārīkh-i-Gūālīārwār, Jalāl Ḥiṣārī and Hirā-man—Gūālīār 605;

Khw. Raḥīm-dād 607, 688, 704.

Hi”st -i-Hājī Muḥ. ‘Ārīf Qandahārī—account of Qandahār 348.

Hi”st -i-Khān-i-jahān Lūdī, Ni‘amatu’l-lāh—helped in his book by Haibat Khan 693.

Hi”st -i-rashīdī, [Muḥ. ] Haidar Mirza Dūghlāt [ed. Ney Elias, trs. E. D. Ross]—Places:—Ālmalīgh 2; Yītī-kīnt 11; Qilāt-i-nādarī 263; Qila‘-i-z̤afar 21; Herāt 306; Qandahār [Insc.] App. J, xxxv; Tribes etc.:—tūmān-begs 17; qūchīn 26; chuhra-jirga App. H, xxvii; Chaghatāīs and Mughūls distinguished 320; Chaghatāī or Timurid supremacy 344, Begchīks 50, 712 or Chīrās 155; Tarkhāns 31; Greek descent 317; Jīgrāks 55; Turkmān Hazāras 311; Persons:—12—App. A, iii; 21, 23, 32, 48, 62; Jahāngīr 183, 254-94-302, 195-242-56, 249-272, 273; 330-41-96-7, 409, 641; 694-6; Varia:—fruit as food 3; yāk, qūt̤ās App. M, xlvii; on joint-rule 293; epoch-making events 20, 35, 158, 182, 350; Bābur:—name 17; character 194, 320; Script App. Q, lxii; disastrous expedition (910 AH.) 241; relationships 246; single combats 349; Tramontane campaign 349 to 366; hospitality to exiles 350; a frontier affair 412; onset of last illness 706; Haidar:—his life saved 21; descent and other particulars 22; excuses his father 317; his list of tribes and chiefs valuable 415; his book of great and, perhaps, unique value for Bābur’s lacunæ 347-8; referred to Preface xxxiv, xxxviii; his Codex xli, xlii (No. iv).

Hi”st -i-salāt̤īn-i-afāghana, Aḥmad Yādgār [part-trs. E. & D. vol. I]—Hindustan in 929 AH. 439-40; Pānīpat 474; Bābur’s visit to Lāhor (936 AH.) 604-98 to 700, 703-6; Mundāhirs 700; anachronism 707; Bābur’s “selection” of a successor 707; importance of its contribution for filling a lacuna 693, 702-6.

Hi”st -i-shahrukhī, Niyāz Muḥ. Khukandī—tradition of a babe abandoned 358.

Hi”st -i-sher-shāhī, ‘Abbas Khān Sarwānī—“Shaikh” and “Mīān” 457; ‘Aẕam Humāyūn 477; Sher Khān Sūr 659, 664.

Hi”st -i-Sind, Muḥ. Ma‘ṣūm Bhakkarī—a chief authority 336, 428; Shāh Beg 338, 427, (death) 437; sieges of Qandahār 431 to 436; the Inscription App. J, xxxiii.

Tarkhān—suitable meaning 31 [where add ref. E. & D.’s H. of I. i, 300, 20, 21, 498] privileges nine 250; not given to all Arghūn chiefs 249 n. 2; a merchant Tarkhān 133; marriages 49, Preface xxviii; revolt 61 to 64, 86, 112; see s.n. Nine & H. Beveridge’s note on Etruscan names.

Tarkhān-nāma or Arghūn-nāma, Sayyid Jamāl—a useful source 428.

Tawārīkh-i-guzīda—(Select Histories)—fashions of sitting and kneeling 33, 54-9; Tūlūn Khwāja Mughūl 66; supplements the B. N. 127.

Hi”st -i-ḥāfī-i-raḥmat-khānī (part-trs. H. Beveridge AQR. 1901)—Bībī Mubār-ika’s marriage with Bābur 375, App. K, An Afghan Legend.

Taz̤kirātu’sh-shu‘arā (Memoirs of Poets) Daulat-shāh (ed. Browne)—[see nn. on pp. named], Akhsīkītī 9; dates of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī’s boyhood 46; Aḥmad Mushtāq 47; Hazārāspī 50; a couplet 85; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 259-60-73; Gāzur-gāhi’s good birth 281; Rabāt-i-sangbast 301-30; Bih-būd Beg App. H, xxvi-vii; Rādagān-(town) 622; Jamī’s birthplace 623; —the author in the battle of Chīkmān-sarāī 46; one of his collaterals 274.

Hi”st -i-Sul[t]ān Sātūq-būghrā Khān—a seeming descendant 29.

Hi”st -i-Tahmāsp, Shāh T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī (ed. D. C. Phillott)—Div Sult̤ān 635; battle of Jām 636.

Hi”st -i-Wāqi‘āt (var.) Jauhar (trs. C. Stewart)—outside literary criticism 619; a date at which Bābur’s body lay near Kābul 709.

Tents—ālāchūq 188; aūtāgh 339; aq-awi = chādar 169-88, 239, (flooded) 339, 678; chār-tāq 264; khar-gāh ( = kibītka, and ālāchuq ?) 239, 678; —shamīāna (awning) 358; tūnglūq (roof-flap) 678; pesh-khāna 678.

Thesaurus, Meninsky—bāghrīqarā cry App. B, vi; baḥrī-qūt̤ās App. M, xlvi.

Thomas, F. W., Ph.D.—his help App. J, lxxiv with Preface lii.

Thorn-defences 487.

‘-pūlād, buys a Codex of the W’āqi‘nāma-i-padshahī q.v.

Three (Turkī) MSS. from Kāshghar [ed. Sir E. Denison Ross]—the title Jūn-wang 567.

Through unknown Pamirs, O. Olufsen—yāk App. M, xlvii.

The Times—on diverse names of a single place 209.

Tongues and utterance—Andijān Turkī 4; Farsī (Persian)-speaking Sārts of Asfara 7; Kābul’s polyglot tongues 207; Mughūlī-speaking Hazāras; Bābur on clipped Hindustanī utterance 380, and on the words Kās and Sawālak 485.

Trade—202-35, 331, 416-85.

Traditions—4, 5;

one versed in 283-4.

Translators:—Bābur [Wal.-ris.]; E. C. Bayley (Mirāt); A. S. Beveridge [s.n.]; H. Beveridge [s.n.]; H. Blochmann [s.n.]; H. S. Jarrett [Ayīn]; J. Briggs [Tar.-i-fir.]; F. C. Charmoy [Sharaf-n.]; W. Clarke [Dīwān-i-Ḥ.]; A. P. de Courteille [Méms.]; Delmar-Morgan [Mong.]; Desmaisons [Shaj.-i-Turk]; E. B. Eastwick [Gul.]; H. M. Elliot and J. Dowson [H. of I.]; Forster & Daniel [Life of O. de B.]; C. Hamilton [Hidāyat]; W. H. Lowe & G. S. A. Ranking [Munt.]; H. E. Lloyd [Travels]; G. du Laurens [Voyages]; C. E. Markham [Embassy]; R. Marvin [Ride]; W. Ouseley [Or. Geo.]; F. Pélis de la Croix, elder & younger [Histoire]; G. S. A. Ranking [see Lowe; and ‘Arūz]; H. G. Raverty [T̤ab.-i-n.]; M. Reinaud [Geo.]; G. Sale [Qorān]; B. R. Sanguinetti & T. Lee [Travels]; H. Sastri [Rama.]; C. Stewart [Taẕ.]; A. Vambéry [Shai.-n.]; Warner [Shāh-n.]; E. H. Whinfield [Mas. and ‘Umar].

Transliteration 2.

Transmigration 518.

Travels in Bukhara, Sir Alex. Barnes—[see nn. on pp. named], nuzla, a Panj-āb disease 446; water-fall fishing 227;

Tr”vel in Europe and Asia, Peter Mundy (ed. Sir R. Temple)—baoli (a well) 533; Gūālīār 605.

Tr”vel in India, Pietro della Vallé—the morning-draught 395.

Tr”vel of Ibn Batūta (trs. Sanguinetti & Lee)—Samarkand the Protected City 75, Add. N.P. 75; Kajwarra 590; Raḥīm-dād 693; 704.

Tr”vel in Kashmir, G. T. Vigne—yāk and kosh-gau App. M, xlv-vii.

Tr”vel in Panj-āb (etc.), Mohan Lall—Herāt 305-6; Qandahār Insc. App. J; Bābur’s burial-place 710.

Tr”vel of the Russian Mission, G. Timkovsky [trs. H. E. Lloyd] fruit as food 3.

Tr”vel on the Upper and Lower Amoor, T. W. Atkinson—marāl 8.

Tribes and Castes of the N. W. P. and Oude, W. Crooke—Jats 454; Nuḥānī (or Luhānī) 455; Jaghat (serpent) 456; Tānk 481.

Tribes and other groups:— Afghān:—‘Abdu’r-raḥmān 403; Afrīdī 411-2; Aūghān 217-20; Aūrūq-zāī 526; Bīlūt 248; Bīrkī 207; Dilah-zāk 231, 367-94, 412-3; Dilah-zāk Ya‘qūb-khail 394; Gagīānī 251; Ghiljī 323-31; ‘Isa-khail 233; Jasawāl var. Jaswān 462; Jalwānī see Index I; Khattak 439; Khirilchī 208-20-49-413; Khiẓr-khail 413; Khūgīānī 220; Kīwī 233; Kūrānī, Kārānī, Kararānī 233, 477; Landar 220; Lūdī 481, Index I; Lūdī khaṣa-khail i.e. Sahū-khail 465; Lūdī Sarang-khānī 540, 654; Luḥānī see Nuḥanī; Mahmand 221, 323-31-45; Muḥammad-zāī 376 (where read as here); Nīā-zāī 233; Nuḥānī 235 (cf. 455 n. 3), Index I; Pānī 540; Pashāī(?) 207; Samū-khail (Khīrīlchī?) 412; Sūr 233; Tarkalānī 242, 424; Tūrī 220; Wazīrī 413; Yūsuf-zāī 231, 371-3-5-6, 400-10-19; —Afghāns of Bhīra 399, Ghazni 218, Sind riverain 218-36, Kābul 207-21; —Afghān thieves 208, 341; Afghān warrings in Hind 426, and power 480-1; serving Bābur 522; bad-mannered 451;— Aūz-beg (“Ūzbeg”):—2, 37, 135, 622, Index I; Aūz-beg Qāzzāq (“Cossack”) 23; Aūz-beg Mankfīt 195;— Chaghatāī (i.e. Chaghatāī Khān’s tribal appanage):—extinct but for their Khāns in 1547 (953 AH.) Tār. Rash. trs. 149; near Herī 320, 689; its Kohbur clan 55; high families in, Sighal 66, 72, Nawā’ī’s (Index I); distinguished from Mughūls 320, 351, Turks 340;— Mughūls of the Horde:—105-92; tūmans (groups of 10,000):—Bārīn 19, 473; Begchīk 155; Chīrās 158; Sāghārīchī 20; sub-divisions (?):—Bīshāghī (var.) 473; Darbān 60; Itārajī 161, 415; Jalair 91; Kūnchī 20; Qālmāq 23; Manghīt 1012965; —Mughūl devastation 2, 98, 172, 362; faithlessness 105, 140 etc.; conduct on the Chīr 17, 31-4; the Horde divided 19; its dislike for cultivated lands 12; its āīmāqs in open land 221-54-55; return from enforced migration 20, 350-1;— Turk:—Afshār 354; Aūīghūr (Awīghūr, Uīghūr) 40, 118; its Ishrit clan 40, 65; Barlās 51, 429, Index I; Barlās Dūldāī 25, 37; Daryā-khānī 231, 589; Istiljū 353; Khilij 482; Qīpchāq 19, 49; —Turks of Andijān 4, Kabul-lowlands 207-15-21; early Turk rulers of Kābul 200; contrasted with Sārts 149; —Uses of the name, “Mughūl and Turk” 158, 402, “Chaghatāī and Turk” 340; “Turk and Tīmūrid” one 380-2-4-8-9; probable statement of B.’s descent 320; his claim to rule in Hind, based on Turk descent 380-2-4, 476-9; Turk warning to Bīāna 529;— Turkmān:—White-sheep Horde 49 (where read White for “Black”); —its Bahārlū clan 49; its Balāl 91 and Bayandar 279; —Black-sheep Horde 10; Qajar 666; Turkmāns serve Bābur 47, 279, 361; —features 111; —Hazāras (infra); Tūrūq-shār 101;— Various:—‘Arab 207, 522, 631; Arlāt (Turk?) 265; Ashpārī 101; Asiqānchī [var. Saqānchī] 197; Balūchī 383, 459, 522; Bengali (race) 482; Būgīāl 452; Kāfir 212-3, 342-72, 421; Kakar (var.) 387-9; Kas 484; Kīb (or Kītib) 393; Meos 577; Farsī (Persian, race) 7, 207, 507-55; Ghiyās-wāl (or -dāl) 393; Gūjūr 250, 379-87, 454; Habshi 483; Janjuha-khail and Jūd-khail 379-80-87; Jats 250, 387, 454; Jīgrāk (var.) 55, 101; Nīkdīrī (var.) 196-7, 200-1-7, 275, 326, 430 (cf. E. & D. iv, 304, Tukdari) Nīl-ābī 379 (see Index II); Parājī 207;— Rājpūt;— Chūhān 573, Tānk sept 481;— Tājik 6, 207, 420, 535;— Hazāra (1000):—Gadāī or Kīdī 250, Qārlūq 391-3, 403; Rustāq [or Rusta] 196; Sl. Mas‘ūdī 221-8, 525; Turkmān 27, 214-51, 311 to 313; Hazāras:—w. of Kābul 200-7-22, 430; e. of the Sind 457, 522; in the open country of Ghazni 218, Kābul 221, Heri-rūd valley 308; refuge taken amongst 95; traversed 254.

Tribute—Jīgrāk 55, Ghazni 240, Yūsuf-zāī 375, Bhīra 384, Kakar 391, Bajaur and Sawād 400, Balkh 402; Nijr-aū 421; Koh-i-jūd 379.

Tuḥfa-i-sāmī (a Turkī anthology), Sām M. Ṣafawi—Marwārīd 278; syphilis 279; a jeer 648.

The twelve Imāms, 258, 354.

Turkī tongue, Preface xxvii, Cap. iv.

Turkistan, Alex. Petzhold—Ṣārts 6.

Hi”st E. Schuyler—[see nn. on pp. named], Farghāna:—extent of 2, various 5, 6, 8; (wind) 9; (out-of-doors life) 29; kūk-būrā (a game) 39; Old Akhsī App. A; Ṣārts 6;— Samarkand:—67, 74-5-7, 83, (Aūrgūt) 68; Kesh 83; Various:—Sarā-tāq pass 129; Lake Iskandar ib. Hazrat Turkistan (shrine) 356; a distance 9; a lizard 501;— Bābur’s Moscow Embassy App. Q, lxiii; Gregorief’s Russian Policy, (App. iv trs.) Preface, liii.

Hi”st Franz v. Schwarz—autumn fever 4; running-waters 4, recipe for ma‘jūn 16; yīghāch (measure) 4; a Kīrghis measure 196; loess constructions 30; charkh (a hunting bird) 224; Mogol-tau 8; duties of the Lord of the Gate 24; kūk būrā, baiga 39; Greek descent 22; various App. A, v.

Tūzūk-i-jahāngīrī, Jahāngīr Pādshāh (trs. Rogers and Beveridge)—Bugials 452; Daulat Khān Lūdī 461; measures 189; birds 497; kīshmīsh 515; couplet 670; metrical amusement App. Q, lxvi-vii; its titles for Bābur varied ib. lxi; Jahāngīr’s additions to the B.N. App. D, xiii, Preface xlv (No. viii), lii; his pilgrimage to B.’s burial-garden App. V, lxxx; his stay in B.’s Garden ib.

Noticeable words:— tabalghū, a tree 11; tāsh-chantāī, outside bag (?) 160; t̤āsh, stone confused with tāsh, outer 3, 43, 78, 80, 160; t̤aūrī, complete, enclosed 109, 280, 501 (where this better describes the koel’s song); tipūchāq a horse and its points 38; tīr-gīẓ, arrow 34; tīrik 36, 362; P. tū, turn of a hill 205-8 etc.; tūlūk vegetable food, other than grain 114; tūn-yārīm, half-dark 100; tūrā (ordinances) 38, tūrā (army mantelets) 108-13-55, 368, 469, 593; tūmān, 10,000, a district command 17; tūq-bāī, one using a standard 313; tūlghuma s.n. Military; tusqāwal 224, 314; tūghāī and tuqāī 643.

‘Umar Khayyām’s Quatrains (trs. E. H. Whinfield)—a couplet Babur’s words recall 203.

Upper Basin of the Kābul-river, Sir C. Markham (PRGS. 1879)—Hindu-kush passes 204, maps of Koh-i-baba 216.

Veliaminof-Zernof, editor of the Sharaf-nāma 635 and Abūshqa App. Q, lxiii.

Vergleichunge-Tabellen des Muh. and Christlichen Zeitrechnung, F. Wüstenfeld—dates of 935 AH. 629, App. S.

Verses:—of untraced authorship 332, 316 and 670; verse-making 15, 22, 38-9, 46, 54, 111, 136-7, 154; Bābur’s opinion of Nawā’ī’s Turkī verse 271; Shaibanī’s verses made public 329; composition on a model 448;— Metrical amusements 585-6, App. Q, lxv-vi.

Vikramāditya Era 79 (where read began).

Virgil—citron-juice as an antidote 511; Scorpio and Libra 623.

Visit to Ghuzni (etc.), G. T. Vigne—[see nn. on pp. named], boundary between Afghāns and Khurāsān 200; Kābul-river ib.; ‘Uqābain 201; rhubarb 203; ṣāḥibī-grapes 203; Dūr-nāma 215; Running-sands 215; Pāmghān villages 216; arghwān 217;— various:—218-9, 224, 227; “Tānk” for Tāq 233; routes 208, 235; Bīlah on the Indus 237; see App. E, xxiii.

Visit to Kafiristan, W. W. Macnair (PRGS. 1884)—Nīng-nahār App. E, xxiii.

Voyage dans le Turkistan, Fedtschenko (trs. G. du Laurens)—Sang-aina, Mirror-stone, 7.

Hi”st dans l’Asie septentrionale, P. S. Pallas—āq kīyīk, argālī (Ovis poli) 6.

Hi”st des Pélerins Bouddhistes, S. A. Julien—Nanganahāra App. E, xviii.

Voyages en Perse et autres lieux d’Orient, Jean Chardin—lovers’-marks 16; square seal 28; Sīkīz-yīldūz, Eight-stars 139; kipkī “casbeké” (a coin) 296; epistolary etiquette 332.

Wāqi‘-nāma-i-pādshāhī (Record of Royal Acts), ‘Abdu’l-wahhāb akhund of Ghajdāvān (1709)—(found mentioned as the Bābur-nāma, the “Bukhārā Bābur-nāma” and the “Bukhārā Compilation”)—for its seeming author’s colophon JRAS. 1900, p. 474 and Preface lvii; its divergence from the true text Preface xxxix, its element of true text (Kāmrān’s tattered Codex) li; its dual purpose xxxix, lxii; its character xl; its stop-gaps xlv; its use by Leyden xlviii; Described (as it is in Kehr’s transcript):—Preface, Cap. III, Parts I and III; its history liii, author and colophon lvii, (cf. JRAS. 1900, p. 474); its identity confused with Bābur’s true text Preface, Cap. III, Part III; Its descendants and offtakes Table lvii;— (a) Petrograd F. O. Codex (an indirect copy (?)), described by purchaser as Bābur-nāma, Preface xliii-iv; (b) Pet. F. O. School of Oriental Languages Codex, entitled Bābur-nāma, scribe G. J. Kehr—referred to in loco:—diction of the Farghāna Section 1, of the Kābul Sect. 187, of the Hindūstān Sect. 445; its Persified character exemplified 147, 150, 167, and Add. Note, 177, (cf. JRAS. 1908, pp. 76, 88); its Latin version App. J, xxxv, Preface liv;— Other references 9, 18, 19, 44-8, 88, 164, 169; Full contents:—Preface lii; their reconstruction by Ilminski lii-iv, (cf. his own Preface JRAS. 1900 and a separate form in B.M., I.O., R.A.S. Libraries, etc.); the “Fragments” Preface xlv (No. viii), lii, (in loco) 438, 549, (a discussion) 574, 630, 640 (cf. JRAS. 1900-6-8); (c) The “Bābur-nāma” Imprint (constructed and edited by) N. I. Ilminski—referred to in loco, App. D, 227-59, 336, 420, App. I, xxxii; modelled on the L. and E. Memoirs of Baber 326, 337, App. T, lxxiv, Preface lii (cf. Ilminski’s Preface ref. supra), 574; Preface:—its Kasan publication li; its deviation from its sole basis (Kehr’s Codex) lii; Ilminski’s work and some results lii, with n. 1 mid-page, liv; his doubts and achievement of a Turki reading book see his own Preface ref. supra; (d) Mémoires de Bāber, (French trs. of Ilminski’s Bābur-nāma) A. Pavet de Courteille—referred to in loco, 215, 227, 346, 347, 407, 446, 478, 489, 559, 632, App. T, lxxviii, App. M, xlv;— the Mubīn not recognized 449, 630; an illness 619; mistakenly controverted 468; surmised ground on which it accepted the “Rescue Passage” App. D, xiv; its help in considering Shaikh Zain’s compositions 553, 559;— questioned readings 223-5, 327-33-69, 421 (chīūrtīka), 462-70, 534, 617-19-38-40-47; a surmise discussed 574;— reviewed by Defrémery 562; its title Preface xxxiii, translation li, source liv, diction lix.

Water—water-thief 109, -road 595; dug for 234; under-ground courses of 417.

Wedding-gifts—43, 400.

Wednesday (Chār-shaṃba)—coincidences of the day 71.

Wells—chambered (wāīn, baoli) 532-3; dug 548, 552; purified when new 634.

White cloth—traded 202; booty 233-4-5-7-8.

Whiteway, Mr. R. S.—his help App. B, vii.

Wilāyat = Kābul 414.

With the Kuram Field-Force, J. A. S. Colquhoun—a route 231.

Wine (i.e. any fermented liquor)—‘arāq (spirit) 385-6-7-8, 453-61-76; mahuwa-flower 505; beer 423; cider (chagīr) 83, Add. Note, P. 83; wines of Bukhārā 83, Herī 265, Kābul:—Ālā-sāī 221, Dara-i-nūr 210, 410, App. G; Ghazni 461, Kābul-tumān 203, Nijr-aū 213;— Kāfiristan 211-12, 372;— rules in use:—drinking-days 33-4, 111, 447; one liquor only 386; no-pressure on a non-drinker 406-10; wine-parties:—Bābur protests against excess 398; excludes drunkards 419, is disgusted by drunken uproar 386 and by beer-intoxication 423; gives his followers freedom to do as Herātīs did 304; givers of “wines”, Khw. Kalān 371-5, 461, Shāh Beg 400, the Bāī-qarā Mirzas 299, 302, Khw. Muḥ. ‘Alī 411 (a business-party), 413;— Bābur’s breaches of Law not committed till cir. his 28th year 83, 355; resisted temptation in Herāt 299, etc.— his parties associated with beauty of scene, e.g. autumnal 414-16-18; in his gardens 412, 406 and 420; under a plane-tree 405, at Istālīf 406, near an illuminated camp 450; after and before long marches (frequent); mention made of (925 AH.) 375-85-88, 408-10-14-15-16-17-19; (926 AH.) 420-1-2-3-4; (932 AH.) 447, 450-53-61; (933 AH.) 537;— drinks a few cups to console 418, out of courtesy in a charmless place 424; “morning” 395-8, 415-20-22; gallops when not sober 388-98;— Other Law-breakers Preface xxix, 16, 33-4, 45, 70, 134, 259-68-73, (woman) 36, 417; Herātīs 259, Ḥiṣāris 42, Pich-Kāfirs 22;— Parties accompanied by improvisation 26, dancing 299, music (usually); (for return to obedience see Law and Index I s.n. Bābur).

Wordsworth’s “undying fish” recalled 305.

Workmen—Tīmūr’s 77, 520;

Bābur’s 520, 634.

Wray, Mr. Cecil and Mr. Leonard—their help 495, 502.

Yajuj and Majuj (Gog and Magog) 560.

Yāqūt see Dictionary of Towns.

Noticeable words:— Yada-tāsh, jade-stone see Magic; yāghrūnchī, divination from sheep’s-blades 233; yīghāch, tree, wood 11, 81; yīghāch see Measures; yīgīt, a brave 16, 53, 70, App. H, xxvii; yīlāq, alp see i.a. Yār- and Būrka-; yīnka-chīcha, maternal-uncle’s mother-in-law (?); yīnkalīk, levirate 23, 267, 306, 616; yūkūnmāk, to bend the knee 301; yūsūnlūq, hereditary 23.

Z̤afar-nāma (Book of Victory i.e. Tīmūr’s) Maulana Sharafu’d-dīn ‘Ali Yazdī—[see nn. on pp. named], places 10, 74-8, 83-4; persons 39, 272; meaning of Sawālak 485; Tīmūr’s capture of Qarshī 134; his burial at a saint’s feet 266; his workmen 77, 520; partly translated in Histoire de Tīmūr Beg q.v.; the book and its main basis, the Malfūzāt-i-tīmūrī Preface xxix, xxx, its author xxxiii.

Zainu’d-dīn Khawāfī (Shaikh Zain)’s writings— (1) T̤abaqāt-i-bāburī q.v.; (2) Mubīn, a Commentary on Bābur’s Mubīn 438; (3) Farmān announcing Bābur’s renouncement of wine and remission of t̤amghā-tax 553; (4) Fatḥ-nāma of the victory at Kānwa 559 to 574; Bābur’s reason for inserting it (4) in his book 559; the sole Letter of victory so preserved 561; grounds against supposing Bābur wrote a plain Turkī account of the battle 574.