Index I. Personal (continued 2)

Khān-zāda Begīm (1), Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48.

Khān-zāda Begīm (2), ut supra, daughter of Maṣ‘ūd and Sa‘ādat-bakht—particulars 267; visited by Bābur near Āgra (935) 616.

Khān-zāda Begīm (3), ut supra, daughter of ‘Umar Shaikh and Qūtlūq-nigār—particulars 17; her marriage with Shaibānī (907) 18, 147, ☛ 184; her divorce and remarriage with Sayyid Hādī Khwāja 352 [Ḥ.S. iii], 364; her reunion with Bābur (916) 18, 352, 356; her marriage with Mahdī Khwāja q.v.; her summons to Hindūstān (935) 647; his son Khurram Shāh q.v.; [♰952 AH.-1545 AD.].

Khān-zādā Begīm (4), Tīrmīẕī, wife of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 48; her son Mas‘ūd q.v.; her niece 48.

Khān-zāda Begīm (5), Tīrmīẕī, niece of the above, wife of Maḥmūd—particulars 48, 9; her son Ḥusain q.v.; her five daughters 47-8.

Khān-zāda Begīm (6), Tīrmīẕī, wife of Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 37; Bābur, a child, pulls off her wedding veil (893) 37.

Khān-zāda Khānīm Ḥājī-tarkhānī, daughter of Aḥmad and Badī‘u’l-jamāl (Badka)—particulars 258 n. 2, 329; illegally married by Shaibānī (913) 329; her husband Muzaffar-i-ḥusain Bāī-qarā q.v.

Khawānd Shāh Amīr, (“Mirkhond”), author of the Rauzatu’ṣ-ṣafā—omitted (or lost) from Bābur’s list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

Khiẓr Khwāja Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān’s genealogy 19.

Khwāja Khiẓr Nūḥānī, a merchant—killed by a Mughūl (910) 235 (where for “Lūḥānī” read Nūḥānī).

Khūb-nīgār Khānīm Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas and Aīsān-daulat—particulars 21, 22; her death announced to Bābur (907) 148, 149; her rebel husband forgiven for her sake (912) 319; her husband Muḥammad Ḥusain Dūghlāt, their son Ḥāidar and daughter Ḥabība q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1501-2 AD.].

Khudā-bakhsh Chaghatāī, retainer, (1) of Khusrau Shāh, (2) of Bābur—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334; rebels against Bābur (914) 345.

Khudāī-bīrdī Beg tūghchī, Mughūl—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; made a beg and on service 110; killed at Sar-i-pul 141; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

Khudāī-bīrdī būqāq, Mughūl—killed at Asfara (900) 53 (here ātākām, my guardian); his favour from Bābur 105; his son Qulī chūnāq q.v.; [♰900 AH.-1495 AD.].

Khudāī-bīrdī tūghchī Tīmūr-tāsh—made ‘Umar Shaikh’s Lord-of-the-Gate (cir. 870) 14; particulars 24-5; [♰a few years after 870 AH.-1466 AD.].

Khurram Shāh Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Shaibānī and Khān-zāda—particulars 18; [♰a few years after 916 AH.-1510-11 AD.].

Khūsh-kīldī2903 Mughūl—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

Khusrau, an ancient ruler of Persia—mentioned in a couplet 85.

Khusrau Gāgīānī—waits on Bābur (910) 230 (where insert his name in the last line); taken as a guide 231.

Khusrau Kūkūldāsh—at a household party (906) 131 (where insert his name after that of Shaikh Darwesh); captured by Taṃbal (908) 168; rejoins Bābur (913) 330-1; in the right centre at Qandahār 335; out with Bābur (925) 377, 403; an enquiry 405; ☛ posted in Sīālkot (930) 442; seeming still to hold it (932) 453; on service 465, 471; in the van at Pānīpat 472; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566, 568; given Alūr (Alwar) by mistake 578; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638; at social gatherings 385-7-8.

Amīr Khwāja Khusrau Lāchīn Turk—a couplet of his quoted 503; [♰725 AH.-1325 AD.].

Khusrau Shāh2904 Turkistānī, Qībchāq Turk, —particulars 49-50; takes Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī (æt. 17) to Ḥiṣār (cir. 873) 46-7; referred to as a rival 50; his tolerance of Ḥiṣārī ill-conduct (899) 41-2; expelled from Samarkand on Maḥmūd’s death (900) 51-2; opposes Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 57, 60-1; his rise helped by Bāī-qarā failures 61; supports Mas‘ūd Mīrān-shāhī 64; falls out with him 71, 93; blinds him (903) 95; defeats Badī‘u'-zamān Bāī-qarā 60-1; re-equips him defeated by his father (902) 70; receives well the fugitive Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī (903) 74; makes him pādshāh in Ḥiṣār 93; strangles him (905) 110; a fugitive Tarkhān goes to him (906) 120, 141; his niggardliness to Bābur 129, 130; gives him no help against Shaibānī 138, ☛ 183; Qāsim Beg quchīn takes refuge with him (907) 27; his position less secure (910) 188; followers of his join Bābur 189, 192, 196, 227 n. 3; invited to co-operate with the Tīmūrid Mīrzās against Shaibānī 190; takes the Kābul road on Bābur’s approach 192, 244; offers him service 192; the interview of his submission 193-4; allowed to go towards Khurāsān 194, 195; breaks his pact and is put to flight 197, 243; gets sensible counsel in Herāt 243; makes trouble for Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī in Badakhshān 244-5; beheaded at Qūndūz by the Aūzbegs 244; good results from his death for Bābur 245; Bābur’s reflections on the indiscipline of his followers 199, 230 n. 5, 239, 244-5; his former following rebels (914) 335; his brothers Walī and Bāqī, and nephew Aḥmad-i-qāsim q.v.; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

Khwāja Chishtī var. Ḥusaini—at a feast (935) 631.

‘Abdu’l-lāh Khwājagān-khwāja, fifth son of ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh Aḥrarī—his son ‘Abdu’sh-shahīd 653 n. 4.

Khwājakā Khwāja, Muḥammad-i-‘ubaidu’l-lāh, eldest son of Aḥrarī—protects Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī in the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 62 (where, erroneously, “Khwājakī”); becomes his spiritual guide 63; visited in Farkat by Bābur (907) 149; his brother Yaḥyā q.v.

Khwāja Kalān, descendant of ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh Āḥrarī—☛ a likely recipient of the Mubīn 438, 631 n. 3 (where for “son” read grandson of Yaḥyā); at a feast in Āgra (935) 631; gifts and leave given 632, 641-2; a copy of Bābur-nāma writings sent to him 653.

Mīr Khwāja Kalān, son of Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru’d-dīn—receives Bajaur (925) 370; particulars 370 n. 2; prisoners pardoned at his request 371; out with Bābur 372; returns to Bajaur 376; is recalled on grounds given (926) 422-3; joins Bābur for Hindūstān (932) 447; on service 465-6; in the right wing at Pānīpat 472; helps to secure Āgra 475; of his leaving Hindūstān 520, 531; his offending couplet about leaving, and Bābur’s reply 525-6; has charge of Kābul and Ghaznī 524; conveys money to repair the Ghaznī dam 219, 524 n. 2, 647 n. 1; Bābur’s various writings sent to him, quatrains (925) 372, (932) 525-6, (935) the Wālidiyyah-risāla and Hindūstān poems 642 —letters (925) 411, (935) 604, 618 n. 2, quoted 645-8; commended to Humāyūn as a friend 627; a letter of his mentioned 644; wine parties in his house (925) 371-2, 375; has Ghaznī wine at Milwat (932) 461; urged to renounce wine 648; tells Bābur of a fruitful orange-tree (935) 510, cf. 483 n. 2; ☛ quotation from his ode on Bābur’s death 709.

‘Abdu’l-lāh Khwāja Maulānā-i-qāzī—particulars 29, 89-90; supports Bābur (899) 30; chases off an invader 32; confers with other well-wishers of the boy (900) 43; mediates for Ibrāhīm Sārū 53, for Aūrgūtīs (902) 68; envoy to Aūzūn Ḥasan (903) 87; open-handed to Bābur’s followers 88; entreats him to save Andijān 88-9; Mīr Mughūl aids him in its defence 122; hanged by Taṃbal and Aūzūn Ḥasan 89; ‘Alī-dost fears retaliation for his death (905) 119; his right guidance recalled by Bābur (912) 303; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

Khwājakī Mullā-i-ṣadr, son of Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru’d-dīn, and elder brother of Khwāja Kalān—particulars 67; killed near Yām 67; [♰902 AH.-1497 AD.].

Khwāja Mīr-i-mīrān—speaks boldly at Akhsī (908) 174; in charge of baggage camels (925) 376, 377, and of Bābur’s camp 389, 391; Bābur halts near his Lamghān village (926) 424; given charge of Daulat Khān Yūsuf-khail (932) 459-60; in the left-centre at Pānīpat (973); entrusted with gifts for Kābul 525.

Khwāja Mīr Sult̤ān—he and his son receive gifts (935) 632.

Khwānd-amīr, grandson of Khāwand Shāh Amīr (“Mīrkhond”)—☛ associated with Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā (923) 364-5, 463 n. 3; fleeced by Shaibānī’s order (913) 328 n. 2; his discomforts in Herāt 617 n. 2; waits on Bābur (935) 605; Bābur invites him in verse 693; completes the Ḥabību’s-siyar while at Tīr-mūhānī with Bābur 687 n. 3; his omission (or loss) from Bābur’s list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1; his and Bābur’s varied choice of details 328 n. 2; ☛ his patron Amīr Ghiyās̤u’d-dīn and nephew Ghiyās̤u’d-dīn 436; [♰942 AH.-1535 AD.].

Khwāja Khwānd-sa‘īd—Bābur visits his tomb (925) 407.

Mīr Khāwand—Shāh Amīr (“Mīrkhond”)—author of the Rauzatu’ṣ-ṣafā, grandfather of Khwānd-amīr—his omission (or loss) from Bābur’s list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

Kīchīk ‘Alī—his courage (908) 176; made prisoner (933) 557, 576; shiqdār of Koel 176.

Kīchīk Bāqī dīwāna—suspended (911) 248; killed at Qalāt-i-ghilzāī 248; [♰911 AH.-1505 AD.].

Kīchīk Begīm Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāyanda-sult̤ān—refused in marriage to Mas‘ūd Mīrān-shāhī 265; “afterwards” marries Multā Khwāja 266.2905

Kīchīk Khwāja—on ‘Askarī’s service (935) 681, 682.

Kīchīk Khwāja Beg, son of Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru’d-dīn and elder brother of Khwāja Kalān—in the left wing at Khūbān (905) 113; killed at Qalāt-i-ghilzāī 2482906; [♰911 AH.-1505 AD.].

Kīchīk Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Aḥmad (Mīrzā Sayyidī) and Ākā Bāī-qarā—particulars 257.

Kīchkīna tunqt̤ār—sent with orders to Tramontane begs (925) 406.

Kīpa and Kīpīk, see Kūpūk.

Rāja Kirtī Gūālīārī, see Karna.

Kītīn-qarā Sult̤ān Aūzbeg—in Balkh (932) 545-6; at Jām (935) 622 (where in n. 1 read 935 for “934”); makes complaint to Bābur 649, 645 n. 1.

Kitta Beg Kohbur Chaghatāī, son of Sayyidī Qarā—convoys Yūsuf-khail chiefs to Bhīra (932) 461; on Bābur’s service 465-6, 468, 528, (933) 545, (935) 638; wounded at Bīāna (933) 548.

Kitta Māh and Kīchīk Māh, slaves of Muz̤affar-i-ḥusain Bāī-qarā—offend Bābur by their performance (912) 304.

Kūchūm Khān Sult̤ān—Kūchkūnjī—Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīnqīz-khānid—particulars 632 n. 3; ☛ his force gathered at Qarshī (917) 353; ☛ a principal actor between 926 and 932 AH. 427; his position in relation to ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh (935) 618 n. 6; in the battle of Jām 622; various accounts of his escape or death 623, 636; his envoy to Bābur 631, 632; his sons Abū-sa‘īd and Pulād q.v.; [♰937 AH.-1530-1 AD.].

Kūkī-i[1] Bābā Qāshqa, see Hājī Muḥammad Khān Kūkī.

Kūkī,2907 paternal-uncle of the last-entered (A.N.)—on Bābur’s service (934) 589, (935) 674, 679; in the battle of the Ghogrā 673; [♰940 AH.-1553 AD.?].

Kūpuk Beg, var. Kīpik, Kīpa (hunchbacked)—in Bābur’s service (910) 237; promoted (911) 253; frost-bitten (912) 311; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; envoy to Mīrzā Khān (925) 405.

Kūpuk Bī Aūzbeg var. ut supra—blamed for three murders (906) 128; given Khwārizm by Shaibānī (911) 256; his son Qaṃbar-i-‘alī q.v.

Kūpuk Mīrzā Bāī-qarā, Muḥammad Muḥsin, son of Ḥusain and Lat̤īf-sult̤ān—parentage 262; defeated by his father (904) 260; does not join his brothers against Shaibānī (912) 296-7; defeated and killed 329-30; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

Sayyid Lāchīn—bearer of an urgent message from Bābur (932) 453.

Ḥaẓrat Lām, (Lāmak, Lāmakān), father of Noah—his reputed tomb, 210.

Langar Khān Janjūha—on Bābur’s service (925) 380, 381, 388-9, 412; one of a raft-party 385; waits on Bābur 391, 411.

Langar Khān Nīazāī Afghān—one of a raft-party (925) 412; waits on Bābur (926) 421.

Lat̤īf Begīm Dūldāī Barlās Turk—particulars 37 (where for “916” read 917 AH.).

Lat̤īf-sult̤ān Āghācha Chār-shaṃba’ī, a mistress of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 269; her sons Abū’l-muḥsin and Kūpuk q.v.; [♰before 911 AH.-1506 AD.].

Lope de Vega—a popular use of his name resembling one of Nawā’ī’s 287 n. 3.

Lut̤fī Beg—measures the Ganges-bank on Bābur’s journey (933) 659.

Maghfūr, see Faghfūr.

Māh-afrūz—married by Kāmrān (934) 619 n. 1.

Mah-chūchūq Arghūn, daughter of Muqīm and Zarīf—marries Qāsim Kūkūldāsh (913) 342, 199 n. 1, ☛ 365; their daughter Nahīd q.v.; [♰cir. 975 AH.-1568 AD.].

Mahdī Sult̤ān Aūzbeg, the constant associate (brother?) of Ḥamza—defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 58; enters Bābur’s service 59; deserts 64; defeats ‘Alī Mīrān-shāhī and goes back to Shaibānī 65; his Mughūls are disloyal to Bābur (904) 105; serving Shaibānī (906) 131; at Sar-i-pul 139; at Ḥiṣār (910) 244; ☛ retires before Bābur (916) 352; defeated and killed by him at Pul-i-sangīn (917) 18, 37, 262, 353, 354; his Mīrān-shāhī wife 36; his sons at Jām (935) 622; [♰917 AH.-1511-12 AD.].

Mahdī-Sult̤ān Auzbeg-Shaibān?—his identity discussed 264 n. 1; his son ‘Ādil and grandson ‘Āqil q.v.

Sayyid Mahdī Khwāja, son of Mūsa Khwāja and third husband of Bābur’s sister Khān-zāda—Bābur’s dīwān-begī (916-7) 704 n. 3; ☛ dissuades Muḥammad-i-zamān from accepting Bābur’s invitation to Kābul (after 920) 364; on Bābur’s service (932) 468, 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472, 473; commands troops sent to seize Dihlī 475; gifts made to him 527; given Etāwa 530; orders changed 531; serves as an escort (933) 534, 537; given Bīāna 539; sends news of Sangā’s approach 544; joins Bābur quickly 548; in the left wing at Kānwa 567; given leave for Kābul 579; host to Bābur near Etāwa (935) 644; waits on him returning to Āgra 686; displeases him 688 n. 2, 704 n. 2; summoned to Court 689; later particulars 644 n. 4, 688 n. 2, ☛ 692; ☛ discussion of a plan to make him Pādshāh 703-7; ☛ his name may be a gloss in the story 705; his son Ja‘far q.v.; his inscribed slab at Amīr Khusrau’s tomb 704 n. 1; his surmised Tīrmīzī descent 704; his relation or servant Mīr Muḥammad (925) 381.

Māhīm Begīm, wife of Bābur—particulars 344 n. 3, 711, ☛ 712, 714; ☛ with Bābur during the Transoxus campaign (916-920) 358; adopts Hind-āl (925) 374, 385, ☛ 715, App. L; ☛ visits Humāyūn in Badakhshān (928) 436; goes to Āgra (935) 640 n. 2, 650650 n. 2, 665, 686-7, 689 n. 2, 690; ☛ her influence probably misused on Humāyūn 694, 707; meets him, sick, in Muttra (937) 701-2; ☛ her care of Bābur’s Āgra tomb (937) 709; [♰940 AH.-1533-4 AD.].

Sayyid Maḥmūd Aūghlāqchī, Mughūl—forced to go on foot (910) 239.

Maḥmūd Beg Nūndākī, Barlās Turk—particulars 51; defends Ḥiṣār against Abā-bikr Mīrān-shāhī ( 873) 51, and against Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (901) 58; negociates with Ḥusain 61.

Sultān Maḥmūd Dūldāī Barlās Turk—expelled from Andijān (900) 44; turns informer (905) 125.

Mulla Maḥmūd Farābī, associated with Khalīfa—reads the Qorān to Bābur (925) 401; rebukes a jest at Khalīfa’s expense 416; reads the Khut̤ba first for Bābur in Dihlī (932) 476; reinforces the right wing [tūlghuma] at Kānwa (933) 569; leads the Morning Prayer at Rāprī (935) 643 (where for “Muḥammad” read Maḥmūd).

Sult̤ān Maḥmūd Ghāzī Ghaznawī Turk—his humble capital Ghaznī 217, 219; his and his descendants’ tombs 218; Dost-i-nāṣir’s tomb near his 396; his dam and Bābur’s gift from Hindūstān for its repairs 219; Būt-khāk traditionally named from his idol-breaking 409 n. 3; mentioned as a conqueror of Hindūstān 479; contrast made between his position and Bābur’s 479; [♰421 AH.-1030 AD.].

Sult̤ān Maḥmūd Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, Khāqān of the Mughūls, elder son of Yūnas and Shāh Begīm—succeeds his father (892) 13; his disaster on the Chīr (895) 31, 34, 39; invades Farghāna (899) 13, 31; thought of as a refuge for Bābur 29, (908) 178; retires from Farghāna 32; attempts Samarkand and is defeated (900) 52, 111, (905) 122; takes Aūrā-tīpā (900) 55-6; demands Andijān (903) 87; is visited by Bābur (900) 54, (903) 90, 92, (907 and 908) 153-159; sends help to Bābur (903) 90, 92, (904) 101, (906) 138, 139; his men abandon Bābur (903) 91, 92; he opposes Bābur (905) 115-6, 116; moves out against Taṃbal (907) 154, 156; numbers his army 154; acclaims his standards 155; ceremonies on his meeting his brother Aḥmad (908) 160; goes with him against Taṃbal 161, 168, 171; they number their armies 161; retires to Tāshkīnt 172; defeated at Archīān by Shaibānī (909) 7, 23, ☛ 182-3; his præ-accession sobriquet Khāmka Khān 23; his summer retreat in Farghānā 5; his Mīrān-shāhī marriage (cir. 892) 13, 35; retainers of his 25, 28; former followers, deported (908) by Shaibānī, return after his death (916) 351; Bābur’s comment on him as a soldier 91, 157, and as a verse-maker 154; ☛ murdered with five young sons by Shaibānī 350; [♰914 AH.-1509 AD.].

Māḥmūd Khān Lūdī Afghān, son of Sikandar—fights for Sangā at Kānwa (933) 562; reported to have taken Bīhar (935) 639, 675; one of three competitors for rule 651 n. 5; gathers an army to oppose Bābur 651-2; it breaks up 654; is near the Son 658; flees before Bābur’s men 662; referred to 664 n. 7, 679 n. 7; on his title Sult̤ān 652 nn. 2, 6, 653-4 n. 1; [♰945 AH.-1543 AD.].

Maḥmūd Khān Nūḥānī Afghān —holding a district from Bābur; taken by ‘Ālam Khān (932) 455, 456; deserts ‘Ālam Khān; waits on Bābur and given revenue from Ghāzīpūr 527; sent against Etāma 530; waits on Bābur (935) 659; searches for a passage through the Ghogrā 668; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669 (here Ghazīpūrī); receives a grant on Bihār 676; on service against Bīban and Bāyazīd 682.

Maḥmūd Khān shikdār of Sikandarpūr—collects boats for Bābur’s passage of the Ghogrā (935) 668.

Maḥmūd Khān Sult̤ān Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—in the battle of Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; receives Qūndūz (910) 244; his protection sought 196 n. 5; dies 244; [♰910 AH.-1504 AD.].

Sult̤ān Maḥmūd Khīlīj Turk, ruler in Mālwā—particulars 482 (where in n. 2 for “GUJRĀT” read Mālwā); his territory (916) 593; his jewels (925 and 935) 612-3; thought of by Raḥīm dād as a refuge 688 n. 2 (where for “Muḥammad” read Maḥmūd); [♰937 AH.-1531 AD.].

Maḥmūd kūndūr-sangak, pīāda—killed fighting 68; [♰902 AH.-1497 AD.].593;

Sult̤ān Maḥmud mīr-akhẉur, see Mīrzā Beg fīrmgī-bāz (58 and n. 4).

Sult̤ān Maḥmūd Mīrzā Ghāzī, Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Abū-sa‘īd—particulars 45-51; defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (865 and 876), 46, 259-60, 268; succeeds his brother Aḥmad (899) 40-1, 86; alienates allegiance 41-2; sends Bābur wedding-gifts (900) 43; his death 27, 45, 50, 52; his family joins Bābur (910) 189; referred to 12 n. 2, 13 n. 5, 190, 194; his Ḥiṣār house 93; [♰900 AH.-1495 AD.].

Sayyid Maḥmūd Ṣaifī, Maulānā ‘Arūẓī—author of the ‘Arūẓ-i-saifī—tutor of Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī 111.

Maḥmūd Sarwānī, son of Fatḥ Khan Khān-i-jahān—ordered to stay at Court (933) 537.

Maḥmūd Shāh Ilyās—his murder mentioned to illustrate a succession custom of Bengal 483.

Sult̤ān Maḥmūd Sharqī, son of Jalālu’d-dīn—Bābur gives him the title of Sult̤ān (935) 652.

Maḥmūd, son of Muḥammad-i-makhdūmī—beheaded in Badakhshān 242; [♰910 AH.-1504-5 AD.?].

(?) Mahndī (415, 473), or Mindī or Hindī (235, 335)—kills an Afghān trader (910) 235; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; wine first given to him (925) 415; in the left wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat (932) 473.

Khwāja Majdu’d-dīn Muḥammad Khawāfī—particulars 281, 282.

Makan Farmūlī(?) Afghān—not submissive to Bābur (932) 529; sent out of the way before Kānwa (933) 547; his son Ḥasan q.v.

Makhdūm-i-‘ālam, Naṣrat Shāh’s Governor in Ḥājīpūr—his defences on the Gandak (935) 663.

Ḥaẓrat Makhdūmī Nūrā—mentioned 641 n. 1.

Makhdūm-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd and Zuhra—in Badakhshān (cir. 935) 48.

Makhdūm-sult̤ān Begīm Qarā-gūz, wife of ‘Umar Shaikh—particulars 18, 24.

Malik-dād Kararānī (Karānī)2908—reprieved (932) 477-8; on service (933) 540, 582, (935) 682; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 557.

Malik-i-muḥammad Mīrzā Mīran-shāhī, nephew of Abū-sa‘īd—aspires to rule (899) 41; murdered 41; his wife 47; his house 146; [♰899 AH.-1494 AD.].

Maliks of Alangār—their garden a halting-place (926) 424.

Malik of Fān—stingy to Bābur (906) 130.

Malik-qulī Kūnārī—Bābur halts at his son’s house (926) 423 (where read qulī for “‘Alī”).

Malik Sharq—returns from service (935) 683.

Mallū Khān of Mālwā—his tank at Chanderī 597 n. 8, 598.

Mamāq Sult̤ān Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid, son of Ḥamza—takes service with Bābur (901) 58, 59; ☛ his death 353; [♰917 AH.-1511-2 AD.].

Māmūm Khalīfa, ‘Abbāsī, son of Hārūnu’r-rashīd—his Observatory and Tables, Author’s Note 79; [♰218 AH.-833 AD.].

Mānik-chand Chauhān Rājpūt—killed at Kānwa 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Rāja Man-sing Gūālīārī, Tūnwar Rājpūt—his buildings 607, 608; his son Bikramājīt q.v.; [♰924 AH.-1518 AD.].

Shāh Manṣūr bakhshī—helps Shaibānī to take Herāt (913) 325; given Khadīja Begīm to loot 326.

Shah Manṣūr Barlās—on service (932) 465-6, 475, 530, (933) 545; in the right centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, 473, and at Kānwa (933) 565, 569; his untimely praise of the Rājpūt army 548, 550.

Sult̤ān Manṣūr Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, eldest son of Aḥmad, Alacha Khān—☛ defeats his half-brother Sa‘īd (914) 349; ☛ mentioned as Khāqān of the Mughūls, Sa‘īd as Khān in Kāshghar 427; [♰950 AH.-1543 AD.].

Manṣūr Mīrzā Bāī-qarā, ‘Umar-shaikhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—mentioned in his son Ḥusain’s genealogy 256; his not-reigning 256; his wife Fīrūza and their children 256, 257; his beg Walī q.v.

Manṣūr Turkmān—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

Malik Shāh Manṣūr Yūsuf-zāī Afghān, son of Sulaimān—envoy of his tribe to Bābur (924) 371; his daughter’s marriage with Bābur (925) 375, App. K; waits on him 399, 400; his brother T̤aus Khān and cousin Aḥmad q.v.; a follower 377.

Maqṣūd sūchī, shārbatchī, karg—in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; his tossing by a rhinoceros (karg) 400.

Marghūb qul—in Mahāwīn (932) 523.

Mīān Ma‘rūf Farmūlī Afghān2909—disaffected to Ibrāhīm and (later) to Bābur (932) 523; his opposition 530; flees 533-4; his son Muḥammad (?) leaves him (934) 598; his sons Muḥammad and Mūsa q.v.

Ma‘rūf Yaq‘ūb-khaīl Dilah-zāk (Dīlazāk) Afghān—waits on Bābur at ‘Alī-masjid (925) 394.

Shaikh Maṣlaḥat Khujandī—his birthplace 8; dreamed of by Bābur (906) 132; his tomb visited by Tīmūr (790) 132 n. 2.

Mastī chuhra—deals with a drunken man (925) 415; intoxicated by beer (926) 423.

Sult̤ān Mas‘ūd Ghaznawī—his tomb 218.

Sult̤ān Mas‘ūd Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Maḥmūd and Khān-zāda I—particulars 47, 48; holding Ḥiṣār (900) 52; opposes Ḥusain Bāī-qarā and flees (901) 57-8, 130; one of three besieging Samarkand; retires with his desired Barlās bride 64; quarrels with Khusrau Shāh (902) 71, and with the Ḥiṣār begs (903) 93; takes refuge with Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 93, 95, 261, 265; returns to Khusrau and is blinded by him 95, 50; goes back to Ḥusain 95, 266; mentioned as older than Bāī-sunghar 110; meets Bābur in Ḥerāt (912) 302; murdered by Aūzbegs (913) 267; his wives Ṣāliḥa-sult̤ān Mīrān-shāhī, and Sa‘ādat-bakht Bāī-qarā q.v.; his betrothed (?) Kīchīk Begīm Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰913 AH.-1507 AD.].

Sult̤ān Mas‘ūd Mīrzā Kābulī, Shāh-rukhī, ut supra—particulars 382; his cherished followers, sons of Mīr ‘Alī Beg q.v.; his son ‘Alī aṣghar q.v.; [deposed 843 AH.-1439-40 AD.].

Mullā Mas‘ūd Sherwānī, of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s Court—no particulars 284.

Ma‘ṣūma-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Aḥmad and Habība-sult̤ān, and wife of Bābur—particulars 36, ☛ 711; her marriage arranged (912) 306, ☛ 714; brought from Ḥerāt (913) 330; married 339; dies in child-bed and her name at once given to her child 36; [♰cir. 915 AH.-1509 AD.].

Ma‘ṣūma-sult̤ān Begīm, ut supra, daughter of Bābur and Ma‘ṣuma-sult̤ān (supra)—her birth 36; with her father in the Transoxus campaign (916-920) 358; her marriage (or betrothal) to Muḥammad-i-zamān Bāī-qarā (923 or 924) 365; gifts made to her servants (935) 633; ☛ in the family-list 705, 706.

Maulānā Sayyidī, or Mashhadī—his chronogram on Humāyūn’s birth (913) 344.

Shaikh Mazīd Beg, Bābur’s first guardian—particulars 26, 27; [♰ before 899 AH.-1494 AD.].

Mīr Mazīd T̤aghāī Kūnjī Mughūl, brother or uncle of Aīsān-daulat—takes part in a sally from Samarkand (906) 142; wounded at Akhsī (908) 168; rebels (921) 363, 397; his relations, ‘Alī-dost, Sherīm, Qul-naẕr q.v.; [♰cir. 923 AH.-1517 AD.].

Mazīd Beg Tarkhān Arghūn, son of Amīr Tarkhān Junaid (Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 359)—his retainer Khusrau Shāh 49; his action in 873 AH. 51; his brother ‘Āshiq-i-muḥammad q.v.

Shaikh Mazīd Kūkūldāsh—envoy of Muḥammad-i-zamān to Bābur (925) 402.

Medinī Rāo var. Mindī etc.—particulars 593 n. 5; his force at Kānwa (933) 562; holding Chanderī (934) 483, 593; Bābur negociates with him 594; his house the scene of a supreme rite 595.

Mihr-angez Begīm Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—married as a captive (913) 329 n. 1.

Mihr-bān Khānīm (see infra)—gifts to and from Bābur (935) 631, 632, 641; her husband Kūchūm Aūzbeg and their son Pūlād q.v.; a verse seeming to be addressed to her (925) 402.

Mihr-bānū Begīm Mīrān-shāhī, half-sister of Bābur (perhaps the Khānīm last entered)—particulars 18.

Mihr-nigār Khānīm Chaghatāī Chingīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas—particulars 21, 149; joins Bābur in Kābul (911) 246; visited by him after her disloyalty (912) 315; goes to Badakhshān (913) 341; dies a prisoner 21.

Millī Sūrdūk—reprieved from death (932) 477, 478.

Mīnglī Bī Āghācha, a mistress of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 269; her sons and daughters 262-3, 266.

Mīnglīk Kūkūldāsh—leaves Samarkand (907) 147.

Minūchihr Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, brother of Abū-sa‘īd—an attributed descendant 24; his son Malik-i-muḥammad q.v.

Minūchihr Khān Turk—delayed in waiting on Bābur by a forcible marriage (925) 386, 388; on Bābur’s service in Bhīra 389; leading Daryā-khānīs (934) 589; his relation Naz̤ar-i-‘alī Turk q.v.

Mīrak—entrusted with building work (935) 642.

Mīrak Kūr Dīwān (or Gūr)—in Ālā-qūrghān when Shaibānī took Herāt (913) 328.

Mīrān-shāh Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī—rebels against his father and goes to Khusrau Shāh 95; sent to Bāmīān 96.

Mīrān-shāh Sult̤ān Mīrzā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, 3rd son of Tīmūr—mentioned in a genealogy 14; his daughter’s son Aḥmad Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰810 AH.-1407-8 AD.].

Mīr Buzurg Tīrmīẕī—his daughter and granddaughter, wives of Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 47-8, 49.

Mīrīm—Mīr Muḥammad?2910—adopted son of Aūzūn Ḥasan—killed fighting against Bābur 170; [♰908 AH.-1502 AD.].

Mīrīm Dīwān—ut supra—captured serving Bābur (904) 106; released (905) 119; discovers a rebel (912) 319.

Mīrīm Lagharī—ut supra—leaves Bābur for home (903) 91; captured serving Bābur (904) 106; killed 167; [♰904 AH.-1499 AD.].

Mīrīm-i-nāṣir Beg—ut supra—enters Bābur’s service (904) 103; one of a household-party (906) 131; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; at social gatherings (925) 385, 388; on service 389, 391; receives his dead brother’s district 397.

Mīrīm Tarkhān—ut supra—drowned while serving Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī 74; [♰903 AH.-1497 AD.].

Mīr Khurd bakāwal—one of a boat-party (925) 388; ordered to catch pheasants 404; made Hind-āl’s guardian 408; on service (935) 640.

Mīr Mughūl, son of ‘Abdu’l-wahhāb shaghāwal—helps to defend Andijān (903) 122; his son killed (904) 102 (here Mughūl Beg); sent by Tarkhāns to invite Bābur to Samarkand (905) 122, 123; on service (925) 389 (here Beg Muḥammad Mughūl); measures Bābur’s marches (935) 658 (here Mughūl Beg); in the battle of the Ghogrā 673-4 (here Mughūl-i ‘Abdu’l-wahhāb).

Mīr Sang-tarāsh—entrusted with building-work (935) 642.

Mīrzā Beg firīngī-bāz—in Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s service (901) 58.

Mīrzā Beg Kaī-khusrawī—in Ālā-qūrghān when Shaibānī took Herī (913) 328.

Mīrzā Beg T̤aghāī, see Sl. ‘Alī M. T̤aghāī Begchīk.

Mīrzā Beg Tarkhān—in the left centre at Pānīpat (932) 472.

Wais Mīrzā Khān Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—Khān Mīrzā—son of Maḥmūd and Sult̤ān-nigār Chaghatāī—particulars 47; sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd Chaghatāī) against Samarkand (905) 122; in Tāshkīnt (908) 159; at Khusrau Shāh’s audience of submission (910) 193; demands vengeance on him 194; on service 234; disloyal (912) 313-20; captured and banished 320; rejoins Bābur from Herāt (913) 331; in the right wing at Qandahār 334; his loot 338; goes to Badakhshān on Shāh Begīm’s insistance 340-1, 342; his claim to rule in it 698 nn. 1-3; serves as a refuge for Sa‘īd Chaghatāī (915) 349 and Ḥaidar Dūghlāt 350; sends Bābur news of Shaibānī’s defeat at Merv (916) 350; invites his help in recovering their ancestral lands ib.; messenger of Bābur to Ismā‘īl Ṣafawī 352; helps him to defend Ḥiṣār (918) 359; receives him plundered 362; sends him an envoy (925) 402; loses lands to Sa‘īd Chaghatāī 695; ☛ mentioned 427; his death announced to Bābur (927) 433, 621 n. 5; his titles 21 n. 5; his guardians 26, 122; [♰927 AH.-1521 AD.].

Mīr-zādas of Khwāst—wait on Bābur (925) 399.

Mīrzā-i-malū Qārlūq?—his son Shāh Ḥusain or Ḥasan q.v.

Mīrzā Mughūl, son of Daulat-qadam-i-turk—conveys letters (932) 526-7.

Mohan Mundāhir Rājpūt—☛ a punitive expedition against him (936) 700-1; [♰936 AH.-1529 AD.?].

The Mother of the Head-man of Dikh-kat—particulars 150.

Ibrāhīm Lūdī’s Mother—receives an allowance from Bābur (932) 478; attempts to poison him (933) 541; started under guard for Kābul 543; her grandson sent to Kāmrān 544; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Mīrzā-qulī Kūkūldāsh (Mīrzā’s servant?)—with Jahāngīr (æt. 9) in Akhsī (899) 32; one of three with Bābur (908) 166, 396; fights for him in Akhsī 174-5; one of eight in flight 177; his horse fails 178; at social gatherings (925) 385, 387, 388; out with Bābur 403; behaves in his own fashion 407.

Mūātūkān Chaghatāī Chīngīs-khānid—mentioned in Yūnās Khān’s genealogy 19.

Bībī Mubāraka Yūsuf-zāī Afghān, a wife of Bābur—referred to 367 n. 3; her courtship App. K; asked and given in marriage 375, 376; a couplet suiting her 411; accompanies Mahīm to Āgra (935) 689 n. 5; ☛ her probable charge of conveying Bābur’s body to Kābul 709-10; her brother Jamāl App. K, xli; [♰ early under Akbar 963 AH.-1556 AD.].

Mubārak Khān Jilwānī—killed serving Bīban (935) 685.

Mubārak Shāh Muz̤affarī—rises in Badakhshān against Shaibānī (cir. 910) 242; invites Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī 242, 243; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 294-5; defeats Nāṣir 321; in force (913) Author’s Note 340; invites Mīrzā Khān to Qila‘i-z̤afar 21; [♰cir. 913 AH.-1508 AD.].

Mughūl Beg, amīr of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 275.

A Mughūl servant—aims an arrow at Bābur (912) 316.

Mūḥammad, the Prophet—reference to 75; a saying on travel 184; his edicts do not include the imposition of the tamghā 555; on the duty of a wazīr 556; mentioned in the farmān and the fatḥ-nāma (933) 553, 559-574.

Khwāja Muḥammad, an old tailor of ‘Umar Shaikh’s—allays anxiety for Bābur (899) 30.

Mīr Muḥammad-i-Mahdī Khwāja—on service (925) 381.

Pahlawān Ḥajī Muḥammad—gifts made to him (935) 633.

Ustad Sult̤ān Muḥammad, a Kābul builder—orders for his work (935) 646-7.

Muḥammad ‘Alī, son of Ḥaidar kikābdār—brings a gift (925) 418; summons Humāyūn (933) 537-8; sent out for news (935) 661, 662.

Muḥammad ‘Alī bakhshī—on Abū-sa‘īd’s service and defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (868) 259.

Muḥammad ‘Alī Jang-jang—in the centre at Bajaur (925) 370; at boat-parties 387, 388; his servant’s service 391, 392; his districts 392-3, 530; reinforced 412; waits on Bābur 403, 419, (932) 458; at Milwat (932) 460, 461; at Hiṣār-fīrūza 465-6; wounded 471; in the van at Pānīpat 472; on service 530, (933) 549, 550, 576, 582; in the left wing at Kānwa 557; acts unsuccessfully against Bīban and Bāyazīd (934) 589, 594, 598; pursues from near Qānūj 601; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638; his brother Arghūn and sons Tardī-muḥammad and Nan-roz q.v.

Khwāja Muḥammad ‘Alī kitābdār—messenger to Khwāja Yaḥyā (905) 124; confuses a pass word (908) 164 (here sāīrt-kīshī = sārt); captured by Taṃbal 168; fights against rebels (912) 315; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335; in charge of treasure 338; at entertainments (925) 410, 411, 413; ☛ at Kalanūr (930) 442 (here Tājik = Sārt).

Mūḥammad ‘Alī Mubashir-beg—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; at Khūbān (905) 113; in the flight from Akhsī (908) 163; captured by Taṃbal 168; killed on service 252; his servant Sulaimān 175; [♰911 AH.-1506 AD.].

Muḥammad ‘Alī pīāda—deserts Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (913) 343.

Khwāja Muḥammad ‘Alī T̤aghāī—‘Asas—brother of Mahīm Begīm?—in the van at Qandahār (913) 335; meets Bābur at a crisis (914) 346; waits on Bābur (925) 399, 403; answers a military summons 408; the first to follow Bābur in renouncing wine (933) 552; at various entertainments (925) 387, 388, 400, 412, (926) 423, (935) 683; on his identity 522 n. 4; ☛ in charge of Bābur’s Āgra tomb (937) 709. Khwāja Muḥammad-amīn—out with Bābur (910) 230; deserts from Qandahār (913) 343; at a garden-wine-party (925) 418; his servant Imām-i-muḥammad ib.

Muḥammad-āmīn Khān Qāzānī, Jūgī Chīngīz-khānid—Shaibānī sends him a Herāt musician 292; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

Ustād Muḥammad-amīn jībachī—attention for him desired from Khwāja Kalān (935) 647.

Muḥammad Andijānī—sent to Kābul (912) 313-4.

Muḥammad Arghūn—with Mughūls against Bābur (904) 106.

Sayyid Muḥammad-i-aūrūs Arghūn, son of Aūrūs—particulars 279.

Shāh Sult̤ān Muḥammad Badakhshī—his claim to Greek descent and his six daughters 22. (Cf. T.R. trs. p. 107.)

Mīir Muḥammad Badakhshī of Ishkīmīsh—particulars 288-9; waits on Bābur (917) 289.

Muḥammad bakhshī—on service at Qandahār (913) 338.

Muḥammad Bāqir Beg Andijānī—with Jahāngīr (899) 32; disloyal to Bābur (900) 44; with Bāī-sunghar (902) 65; leaves Bābur for home (903) 91; in Akhsī and seen in the flight (908) 189, 181; ☛ 182; his son Dost q.v.

Muḥammad Barandūq Beg Barlās Turk—particulars 270; on Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s service (901) 58; retorts on Khusrau Shāh (910) 243; retainer of Muz̤affar-i-ḥusain Bāī-qarā (911) 274, 293; acts against Shaibānī (912) 296, 297; at a feast 298; concerning Bābur’s reception at the Herī Court 299; presses him to winter in Herī 307; his plan of defence rejected (913) 326.

Muḥammad Beg Begchīk, brother of Ayūb—in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334.

Pahlawān Muḥammad Bū-sa‘īd—particulars 292.

Shāh Muḥammad dīwāna, receives a fugitive Bāī-qarā 263; his son brings Bābur news of Bīban and Bāyazīd (935) 681.

Muḥammad-dost T̤aghāī Kūnjī Mughūl, son of ‘Alī-dost—with Bābur (900) 53; remains at a crisis (903) 91; captured by Taṃbal (904) 106; released (905) 119; his self-aggrandizment 119; deserts to Taṃbal 125; negociates for him with Bābur (908) 173; blinded by the Aūzbegs 125.

Sayyid Muḥammad Dūghlāt Ḥiṣārī—enters Bābur’s service (901) 58, 59; his Mughūls desert Bābur (904) 105; conspires against Taṃbal and goes to The Khān (Maḥmūd) (907) 154; sent with Bābur against Taṃbal (908) 161.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Dūldāī, Barlās Turk—Bābur’s messenger to Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (912) 294; returns with news of Ḥusain’s death 295; in the right centre at Qandahār (913) 335; waits on Bābur from Bajaur (925) 401; overtakes him at Jūī-shāhī 410; at a wine-party ib.; at Ḥiṣār-fīrūza (932) 465-6; in the right-wing at Pānīpat 472; given Qanūj 530; abandons it (933) 557; unwilling to return there 582; sent against Balūchīs (935) 638; ordered to Āgra 676.

Shāh Muḥammad Farmūlī Afghān, son of Ma‘rūf—particulars 675; Bābur gives him Sārūn (934) 603, 675; waits on Bābur (935) 675, 679.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Galpuk, Itārachī Mughūl—opposing Bābur (908) 165.

Shaikh Muḥammad Ghaus̤—particulars 539; helps Bābur to gain Gūālīār (933) 539-40; intercedes for Raḥīm-dād (936) 688, 690.

Muḥammad Ḥaidar Mīrzā Dūghlāt, see Ḥaidar.

Muḥammad Ḥusain Mīrzā Kūrkān Dūghlāt, receives Aūrā-tīpā (900) 56; effects Qāsim qūchīn’s dismissal (903) 90; sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd) to help Bābur 92; lends him Pashāghar (904) 97, and Dikh-kat (907) 148; sent against Samarkand (905) 122; keeps back Aūrā-tīpā from Bābur (907) 149; goes to him in Kābul (911) 246; incites a Mughūl revolt against him (912) 313-17; captured and banished 319; ungrateful for leniency ib.; Shaibānī avenges Bābur ib.; his son Ḥaidar’s excuses for him 317 n. 3; his wife Khūb-nigār, son Ḥaidar, daughter Ḥabība q.v.; [♰914 AH.-1508 AD.].

Muḥammad Ḥusain, brother of Abū’l-ḥasan qūr-begī—joins Mīrzā Khān (912) 315; on Bābur’s service (925) 413 (here qūrchī).

Muḥammad-i-ḥusain Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 262, 268; hostile to his father (903) 94; his flight into ‘Irāq 262.

Mīr Muḥammad jāla-bān—examines a ford through the Sind-water (Indus) (925) 378; selects a site for a pontoon-bridge across the Ganges (934) 599; examines fords above Aūd (Oudh) 602; advises about crossing the Sarū (Goghrā) 674; rewarded for his pontoon-bridge (935) 635; his raft-mishaps (925) 407, 423.

Muḥammad Jān, Najm S̤ānī’s Lord-of-the-Gate—☛ envoy to Bābur and discontented with his reception (917) 355.

Muḥammad Khalīl akhta-begī—sent raiding (933) 538; at Kānwa (933) 569.

Muḥammad Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān’s genealogy 19.

Muḥammadī Kūkūldāsh, kinsman of Bābā Qashqa (?—q.v.)—seen with Bābur by Khān-zāda (before 907 and in 916) 18; on service at Milwat (932) 458, 460; in the right centre at Pānīpat 472, 473, 475; sent against Dūlpūr 530; receives Samāna 528; in the right wing at Kānwa (933) 566, 569, 576; sends news of a second2911 Balūchī incursion (935) 605 n. 3, 638; reports action 675; ordered to Āgra 676; at various entertainments (925) 385, 388, 412.

Muḥammad-i-makhdūmī—his son Maḥmūd q.v.

Muḥammad Ma‘ṣum Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Mīnglī—particulars 264, 269; his wife Bega Mīrān-shāhī q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1501-2 AD. See ḤS. iii, 290].

Mullā Muḥammad Maẕhab—profers support to Bābur (932) 463; Bābur’s envoy to Bengal (935) 637.

Muḥammad Mazīd Tarkhān Arghūn Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aūrdū-būghā—particulars 39; has charge of Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (899) 32; leaves Samarkand after the Tarkhān rebellion (901) 62; displeases ‘Alī Mīrān-shāhī (905) 121; plotted against ib.; invites Mīrzā Khān and Bābur 122, 123; welcomes Bābur 40, 124; joins Khusrau Shāh (906) 129; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139; takes refuge with Khusrau Shāh 141; at Kūl-i-malik (918) ☛ 357; killed there 39; his house a post of Bābur’s 143; [♰918 AH.-1512 AD.].

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—parentage 257.

Sayyid Muḥammad Mīrzā Dūghlāt, uncle of Ḥaidar—sent to help Bābur (906) 139; envoy of Sa‘īd Chaghatāī to him (917) 22; escorts his niece to Kāshghar ib.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī, grandson of Tīmūr—his son Abū-sa‘īd q.v.

Sultan Muḥammad Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid—his father Abū-sa‘īd q.v.

Muḥammad mīskīn, Dūldāī Barlās, son of Ḥafiẓ—captured by Bābur’s men (903) 72.

Muḥammad Muḥsin Bāī-qarā, see Kūpūk.

Muḥammad Muqīm Beg Arghūn, son of Ẕū’n-nūn—takes possession of Kābul (908) 195 n. 3; loses it to Bābur (910) 198, 199, 227, 246246 n. 3; loses Qalāt-i-ghilzāī to him (911) 248-9; seeks his co-operation against Shaibānī (913) 330; withdraws and fails in etiquette 331-2; opposed to Bābur at Qandahār 333-7; flees in defeat 339.

Khwāja Muḥammad Muqīm Herāwī, father of Niz̤āmu’d-dīn Aḥmad the historian—☛ mentioned 691 n. 1, ☛ 692; ☛ his story of a plan to supersede Humāyūn as Pādshāh in 937 AH. 703; discussion of it 704-7; its incredibility as told 704-5.

Muḥammad Mūmin Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Badī‘u’z-zamān—Astarābād claimed for him (902) 69; defeated by an uncle 71 (where delete the ‘aīn from his name); his murder attributed to Khadīja Begim 268.

Shaikh Muḥammad Muṣalmān, ancestor of the Farmūlī Shaikh-zādas—his tomb and descendants 220.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Muz̤affar Gujrātī, Tānk Rājpūt—particulars 481-2; his death 481; his sons Sikandar Shāh and Bahādur Khān q.v.; [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

Muḥammad Nūḥānī, see Bihār Khān.

Mullā Muḥammad Pargharī—loquacious (932) 453.

Muḥammad-i-qāsim Barlās—comes accidentally on Bābur (925) 417.

Muḥammad-i-qāsim Mīrzā Arlāt, son of Abū’l-qāsim (Ḥ.S. iii, 327)—his Bāī-qarā wife and their child 265; his sons (?) Bābur and Murād q.v.

Muḥammad-i-qāsim Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, son of Ḥusain and Pāpā—parentage 265.

Muḥammad-i-qāsim Nabīra, grandson of Muḥammad Sīghal—made prisoner when opposing Bābur (903) 72.

Muḥammad-i-qāsim Qībchāq Turk, son of Bāqī Chaghānīānī—leaves his family in Ajar (910) 191; father (?) of Aḥmad-i-qāsim q.v.

Muḥammad-qulī qūchīn—Mīr Shāh qūchīn—helps Bāī-sunghar’s escape from Samarkand (901) 62; with Bābur at Samarkand and wounded (902) 68; stays with him at a crisis (903) 91; captured (904) and released by Taṃbal (905) 119; in the van at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; besieged in Samarkand 142-144; with Bābur when surprised by Taṃbal (908) 163; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334; in a raid (925) 403.

Muḥammad qūrchī, retainer of Khusrau Shāh—rises against the Aūzbeg occupation of Badakhshān (910) 242; expels Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī (912) 321; keeping up his head (913) 340.

Ustād Muḥammad sabz-banā—his son Banā’ī q.v.

Maulānā Muḥammad Ṣadru’d-dīn Andijānī—his six sons’ service to Bābur 370 n. 2; his sons Khwājaka Mullā-i-ṣadr, Kīchīk Khwāja, Khwāja Kalān q.v.

Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ Mīrzā Khwārizmī, author of the Shaibānī-nāma—in Khwāja Yaḥyā’s service2912 and waits on Bābur (901) 64; leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; enters Shaibānī’s service 65 n. 3; on Shaibānī’s service (910) 196 n. 5; couplets of his quoted by Bābur 120-1, 448; [♰941 AH.-1534-5 AD.].

Ustād Shāh Muḥammad sang-tarāsh—cuts an inscription (913) 343; receives orders for work (933) 585, 606, (935) 642.

Muḥammad Shāh Khīljī Turk, son of Nāṣiru’d-dīn of Mālwā—takes Chanderī and seeks Ibrāhīm Lūdī’s protection (916) 593; his young son Aḥmad q.v.; [♰931 AH.-1524 AD.?].

Muḥammad Shāh Pādshāh Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—his change of name for an orange 511 n. 4; [♰1161 AH.-1748 AD.].

Muḥammad Shaibānī, see Shaibānī.

Shaikh Muḥammad-i Shaikh Bhakarī (?)—on service (933) 382.

Shāh Muḥammad Shaikh-zāda Farmūlī Afghān, son of Ma‘rūf—leaves his Afghān associates (934) 598 (no name here); favoured by Bābur 603, 675; compelled to act with Bīban and Bāyazīd (935) 675; writes dutifully to Bābur ib.; waits on ‘Askarī and Bābur ib. and 679.

Muḥammad Sharīf munajjim (astrologer)—comes to Kābul (925) 399 and to Āgra (933) 551; augurs defeat at Kānwa 551, 576; offers congratulations on victory, blamed and banished with a gift 576.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Sīghal, Chaghatāī—his descendants Muḥammad-i-qāsim and Ḥasan q.v. (Cf. 66 n. 4 and Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 275 for tribe and title resp.).

Muḥammad Sult̤ān bakhshī—left behind to catch pheasants (925) 404; in a night-attack on Ibrāhīm’s camp (932) 471; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472; has custody of the cook who poisoned Bābur (933) 542; staff-officers at Kānwa 568; host to Bābur (935) 629; introduces a Kābul messenger 644; brings news of Maḥmūd Lūdī 653-4; writes that Bābur’s family is on its way from Kābul 657; waits on Bābur 606; his servant Shāh Qāsim q.v.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Sult̤ān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—Sult̤ānīm and Khānika—eldest son of The Khān (Maḥmūd)—sent to help Bābur (903) 92; his guardian and he oppose Bābur (905) 116; his part in acclaiming the standards (907) 155; goes out to meet his uncle Aḥmad (Alacha Khān) (908) 159; ☛ murdered 350; [♰914 AH.-1508 AD.].

Muhammad Sult̤ān-i-jahāngīr Mīrzā Jahāngīrī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—Samarkand given to him by his grandfather Tīmūr 85; his college 78.

Muḥammad Sult̤ān Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Wais and Sult̤ānīm—particulars 265; waits on Bābur at Kalānūr (932) 458; on Bābur’s service 468, 471, 475, 530, 534, (933) 545, 548, 582, (934) 589, (935) 682; in the left wing at Pānīpat (932) 472 and at Kānwa (933) 567, 570; gifts to him 527; given Qānūj 582; joins Bābur (935) 651; in the battle of the Ghogrā 671, 672, 674; ☛ mentioned 706 (where wrongly classed with half-Tīmūrids); once owner of the Elphinstone Codex 706 n. 3.

Beg Muḥammad ta‘alluqchī—conveys gifts to Humāyūn (Muḥ. 934) and returns (Rabī‘I, 935) 621; Bābur complains of his detention.

Muḥammad T̤āhir—captured (903) 74.

Muḥammad Tīmūr Sult̤ān Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Shaibānī—at Samarkand (906) 128; at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 139; defeats and kills two Bāī-qarā Mīrzās (913) 263, 329-30; leaves Samarkand on Bābur’s approach (917) 354; at Ghaj-davān (918) 360; his marriages with captives 24, 36, 328 n. 1.

Mullā Muhammad t̤ālib-mu‘ammāī—an enigmatist of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s Court—particulars 201 n. 72913; a couplet of his quoted 201-2; [♰918 AH.-1512 AD.].

Pahlawān Ḥājī Muḥammad tufang-andāzī—receives gifts (935) 633.

Mullā Muḥammad Turkistānī, retainer of Khusrau Shāh—makes Qūndūz safe for Shaibānī Khān (910) 192.

Muhammad-i-‘ubaidu’l-lāh, son of Aḥrārī, see Khwāja Khwāja.

Sult̤ān Muḥammad Wais—waits on Bābur (902) 66; runs away and is suspected (907) 156; serving Bābur at Akhsī (908) 174; his retainer Kīchīk ‘Alī q.v. Muḥammad Walī Beg—particulars 277; on Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s service (901) 57, (902) 70, (903) 94.

Muḥammad-i-yūsuf Aūghlāqchī, elder son of Yūsuf—waits on Bābur (905) 125.

Mīr Muḥammad-i-yūsuf—particulars 285; waits on Bābur in Herāt (912) 285; Shaibānī instructs him in exposition (913) 329.

Muḥammad Zaitūn2914—opposing Bābur (932) 523; written to and makes false excuse 529, 530; waits on Bābur (933) 540; sent out of the way before Kānwa 547.

Khwāja Muḥammad Ẕakariya,2915 son of Yaḥyā—murdered 128; [906 AH.-1500 AD.].

Muḥammad-i-zamān Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, grandson and last surviving heir of Ḥusain—particulars 261, 269 n. 6, 279; spared by Shaibānī 263; his wanderings and association with Khwānd-amīr 364-5, 463 n. 3; sent to Bābur and married to his daughter Ma‘ṣūma-sult̤ān (923-4) 365; in Balkh 365, 522; dutiful letters and tribute sent by him to Bābur (925) 385, 402, ☛ 427, ☛ (926-932) 428; with Bābur (935) 606, 631, 639, 659; objects to the Bihār command 661-2; does homage for it and is given insignia of royalty 662, ☛ 706; starts for Bihār but is recalled 663, 664; in the battle of the Ghogrā 668, 669, 671; ☛ given Jūnpūr 682; pursues Bīban and Bāyazīd 682; grounds for surmising in Bābur the intention to leave him as ruler in Hindūstān 705-7; ☛ of his later uprisings against Humāyūn 714 n. 1; [♰drowned at Chausa 946 AH.-1539 AD.].

Muḥibb-i-‘alī Khān Barlās Turk, son of Khalīfa—☛ marries Nāhid Begim (930) 443; in a night-attack (932) 471; in the left centre at Pānīpat 472, 473; and at Kānwa (933) 565; unhorsed in ‘Abdu’l-‘azīz’ discomfiture 549-50; on service (934) 601.

Muḥibb-i-‘alī qūrchī—on Khusrau Shāh’s service (901) 60, (902) 71; joins Bābur (910) 188; Bābur’s praise of him (912) 307, 308; loyal 313, (914) 346; in the van at Qandahār (913) 335; collector of an impost (925) 384; at Ḥiṣār-fīrūza (932) 465-6; at an entertainment 410.

Muḥibb-sult̤ān Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48, 49.

Sāqī Muḥsin—wrestles (935) 660.

Muḥsin Dūldāī Barlās—at Chanderī (934) 590.

Muīnu’d-dīn al Zamjī—omitted (or lost) from Bābur’s list of Herāt celebrities 283 n. 1.

Mujāhid Khān Multānī—on Bābur’s service (933) 540.

The Mulla, see ‘Abdu’r-raḥmān Jāmī.

Mullā Bābā Farkatī—brings Bābur news of Shaibānī (913) 343.

Mullā Bihishtī—conveys gifts to Hind-al (935) 642.

Mullā Bābā Pashāgharī, Chaghatāī—comes into one of Bābur’s dreams (906) 132; at Sar-i-pul 141; envoy for Bābur to Khusrau Shāh (910) 188; loyal (912) 313, (914) 346; ☛ disloyal in Ghaznī (921) 363; deserts Humāyūn (932) 545; joins the Aūzbegs; his proceedings 546; his brother Bābā Shaikh q.v.; his Kābul garden 315.

Mullā Hijrī, a poet—waits on Bābur (907) 153.

Mullā Kabīr—his devious route to wait on Bābur (925) 399.

Mullā Khwājakā—prescribes for Bābur (925) 399 (where read Khwajakā).

Mullā Khwāja-i Sayyid Ātā—his Bāī-qarā wife 265-6.

Mullā Tabrīzī—conveys gifts (935) 642.

Mullā T̤aghāī—envoy to Bābur of Abū-sa‘īd Aūzbeg (935) 631, 632, 641.

Mūmin—suspected of the death of Nūyān Kūkūldāsh (907) 151-2.

Mūmin-i-‘alī tawāchī—conveys orders (932) 451; conveys the Kānwa Letter-of-victory to Kābul (933) 580.

Mūmin Ātākā—out with Bābur (925) 404; on service (932) 465, 534; in the left wing (tūlghuma) at Kānwa (933) 568, 569; his brethren (935) 679.

Khwāja Munīr Aūshī—incites attack on Bukhāra (902) 65.

Sayyid Murād Aūghlāqchī2916—referred to as father of Yūsūf 39 and Ḥasan 279; [♰874 AH.-1469-70 AD.].

Mūrād Beg Bāyandarī Turkmān—his joining Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (908) 280, 336.

Murād Mīrzā Arlāt, son of Muḥammad-i-qāsim and Rābi‘a-sult̤ān Mīrān-shāhī—his Bāī-qarā (?) marriage 266.2917

Murād Qajar Turkmān, qūrchī—‘Irāqī envoy to Bābur (935) 666, 688, 689, n. 4.

Mullā Khwāja Murshid ‘Irāqī—envoy of Bābur to Ibrāhīm Lūdī (925) 385, ☛ 427 n. 3; made Dīwān of Bihār (935) 661, 662.

Mīr Mūrtāẓa—particulars 284.

Musā Khwāja—whispers of Mughūl rebellion (914) 346.

Malik Musā Dilah-zāk (Dilazāk) Afghān—receives gifts (925) 394; brings tribute 409.

Musā Sult̤ān Farmūlī, son of Ma‘rūf—waits on Bābur (935) 685; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669.

Muṣt̤afa Shaikh-zāda Farmūlī Afghān—on service for Ibrāhīm Lūdī (932) 527; his brother Bāyazīd q.v.; [♰932 AH.-1525-6 AD.].

Muṣt̤afa Rūmī, tawāchī—his culverin-discharge at Pānīpat (932) 474; has carts made for defence at Kānwa (933) 550; at Kānwa 550, 568-9; at the Gangas bridge (934) 599; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 668, 669, 670.

Mū’yad—leading Daryā-khānīs for Bābur (933) 582.

Shāh Muz̤affar—particulars 291; his artist-training owed to Nawā’ī 272.

Muz̤affar Barlās—particulars 270-1.

Sult̤ān Muz̤affar Gujrātī—his death and successor 534 (where for [Jumāda II] “and” read 932); [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

Muz̤affar-i-ḥusāin Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Khadīja—particulars 262, 268; serving under his father (901) 58, (902) 71; given Astarābād (902) 61, 69; made joint-ruler in Herī (911) 292-3; combines in action against Shaibānī (912) 296-7 and withdraws 301; fails in etiquette 297; in social relation with Bābur 298, 299, 300, 302-3; plain speech to him from Qāsim Beg 304; a false report of him in Kābul 313; irresolute in opposing Shaibānī (913) 326; his army defeated 327; flees (to Astarābād) abandoning his family ib.; his wife Khān-zāda Khānīm q.v.

Sult̤ān Muz̤affar Shāh Ḥabshī, mentioned in illustration of a Bengal custom 483.

Mīrzā Yār-i-aḥmad Najm S̤ānī̤, wazīr of Ismā‘īl Ṣafawī—his killing Sohrāb Bāī-qarā 262; ☛ his commission to correct Bābur (918) 355, 359; ☛ his massacre in Qarshī 360; ☛ slain at Ghaj-dawān 262 n. 4, 361; Bābur’s alleged failure to support him 361; his retainer Muḥammad Jān q.v.; [♰918 AH.-1512 AD.].

Nādir Shāh Afshārid—his birthplace (mod.) Qalāt-i-nādirī 329 n. 4; [♰1160 AH.-1747 AD.].

Nahār, son of Ḥasan Khān Mewātī—released by Bābur from capture (933) 545; returns to Court 578; escapes 581.

Nāhid Begīm—☛ her marriage (930) 443.

Na‘man Chuhra—captured by Taṃbal (908) 168; at a wine-party (925) 385.

Gurū Nānak Shāh—his relations with Daulat Khān Yūsuf-khail and traditionally with Bābur 461 n. 3; [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

Napoleon—☛ his problem of creed in Egypt less difficult than that of Bābur with Shī‘a support 356.

Nārpat Hāra Chauhān Rājpūt—his force at Kānwa (933) 562.

Nāṣir Beg—makes over Andijān to Bābur (904) 103; counsels him (908) 165; captured by Taṃbal 168; his sons Dost-, Mīrīm-, and Shāhīm-i-nāṣir; his brother-in-law Aūzūn Ḥasan q.v.

Naṣīr Khān Nūḥānī Afghān—particulars 659 n. 4; disaffected to Ibrāhīm Lūdī and unsubmissive to Bābur (932) 523; discussion of his movements 530; assembles a force but flees before Bābur’s 533-4, 544; his son Farīd q.v.

Nāṣir Mīrzā] Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of ‘Umar Shaikh—particulars 17; in Kāsān (æt. 8) (899) 32; taken to his uncle Aḥmad 32; meets Bābur (908) 172, 178; at the capture of Kābul (910) 198, 199; Zurmut hostility 220; given Nīngnahār 227; misconduct 229, 241-2; accepts an invitation to Badakhshān 242-3; has an imbroglio with Khusrau Shāh 243; clans which had left him 255; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 295; defeated by Badakhshīs and goes to Bābur 321; Bābur’s reflections on the situation 322; out with Bābur (913) 324; in the van at Qandahār 335; his loot and command and beleaguerment in Qandahār 339-40; goes to Ghaznī 343, 344; ☛ given Kābul (917) 363; ☛ returns it to Bābur (920) 363; dies in Ghaznī (921) 363; his sister Mihr-bānū and wife Qarā-gūz Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰921 AH.-1515 AD.].

Khwāja Naṣīru’d-dīn T̤ūsī—his Astronomical Tables 79; [♰672 AH.-1274 AD.].

Sult̤ān Nāṣiru’d-dīn Khīljī Turk, Sult̤ān of Malwā—events following his death 593; his son Maḥmūd q.v.; [♰916 AH.-1510 AD.].

Naṣrat Shāh Ḥusain-shāhī, Sult̤ān in Bengal—particulars 482-3; reported friendly to Bābur (935) 628, 637; sends him an envoy 637; negociations with him 661, 664, 676; referred to as at peace with Bābur 665; mentioned 667, 677, 679; his troops defeated on the Ghogrā 671-4; peace made 676; [♰939 AH.-1532 AD.].

Naṣrat Shāh Tūghlūq Turk—receives Dihlī from Tīmūr 481 n. 4.

Naurang Beg—☛ punishes the Mundāhirs (936) 700, 701.

Nau-roz, brother of Muḥammad-‘alī Jang-jang—at Bajaur (925) 370.

Naukar Hindū, see Tūka.

Naz̤ar-i-‘alī Turk—on Bābur’s service (925) 389; his relation Minūchihr q.v.

Naz̤ar Bahādur—killed on Khusrau Shāh’s service 93, 94, 279; [♰903 AH.-1497-8 AD.].

Naz̤ar Bahādur Aūzbeg—one of five champions worsted by Bābur in single combat (914) 349 n. 1.

Shāh Naz̤ar Turkmān—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; rebels (914) 345.

Ni‘amat Arghūn—his defeat 34.

Mullā Ni‘amat—killed in a surprise by Sangā 549; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Khwāja Ni‘amatu’l-lāh—his son Āṣafī 286 n. 2.

Nīgārsī, see Dankūsī.

Niz̤ām Khān Bīāna’ī—not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; receives letters and a quatrain from him 529; defeats Bābur’s troops (933) 538-9; waits on Bābur 539; in the left wing at Kānwa 567; on service (935) 678.

Khwājā Niz̤āmu’d-dīn Aḥṃad, the author of the Ṭabaqāt-i-akbarī, son of Muḥammad Muqīm—☛ discussion of his story of the intended supersession of Bābur’s sons 702-8; [♰1003 AH.-1594 AD.].

Sayyid Niz̤āmu’d-dīn ‘Alī Khalīfa Marghīlānī, Barlās Turk son of Junaid—escapes from prison and death (900) 55; driven from Bābur’s presence (903) 90, (905) 119; defends Kābul (912) 313; mediates (914) 345; hears rumours of Mughūl revolt 346; in the left centre at Bajaur (925) 369 and at Pānīpat (932) 473; given charge of Ibrāhīm’s corpse 474 n. 1; at Kānwa (933) 556, 558, 564-5; on service 384, 395, 666; communicates bad news at Chanderī (934) 594 and (935) 639; mediates for Raḥīm-dād 689; ☛ declines the Badakhshān government (936) 697; ☛ discussion of his plan to set Humāyūn aside (in Hindūstān?) 702-8; his seat at a feast 631; host to Bābur 408; his sons Muḥibb-i-‘alī, Ḥusamu’d-dīn-i-‘alī, Ḥamza and daughter Gul-barg q.v.

Shaikh Niz̤āmū’d-dīn Auliyā—his tomb visited by Bābur (932) 475; [♰725 AH.-1325 AD.].

Niz̤āmu’l-mulk Khawāfī, Dīwān in Herī—arrested and put to death 282; [♰903 AH.-1497-8 AD.].

Hazrat Nuḥ (Noah)—his father Lām q.v.

Nūr Beg (perhaps Sayyid Nūru’d-dīn Chaghānīānī infra)—disobeys the Law, plays the lute (925) 395; joins Bābur in an autumn garden 418; his brethren on service (932) 446; with Bābur in the East (935) 653; in the battle of the Ghogrā 673; sent to allay Rahīm-dād’s fears 688-9; his brother Shāham q.v.

Sayyid Nūru’d-dīn Chaghānīānī—Sayyid Amīr—a son-in-law of Bābur and father of Salīma-sult̤ān ☛ 713; perhaps Nūr Beg supra.

Shaikh Nūru’d-dīn Beg Turkistānī, Qībchāq Turk—grandfather, through a daughter, of Yūnas Chaghatāī 19 (see T.R. trs. p. 64).

Nūru’l-lāh t̤ambūrchī—his experience in an earthquake (911) 247.

Sayyid Nūyān Beg Tīrmīẕī—particulars 273; his son Ḥasan-i-ya‘qūb q.v.

Nūyān Kūkūldāsh Tīrmīẕī—makes a right guess (906) 131-2; on service against Shaibānī 142; his sword sent as a gift to Taṃbal (907) 150; that sword wounds Bābur’s head (908) 151, 167, 396; his suspicious death 151-152; Bābur’s grief 152; Nūyān’s uncle Ḥaq-naz̤ar q.v.; [♰907 AH.-1502 AD.].

Padmāwatī, wife of Rānā Sangā—in Rantanbhūr (935) 612; mentioned 613 n. 1; her son Bikramājīt and kinsman Asūk-māl q.v.

Pahār Khān Lūdī, see Bihār.

Pahār Mīrza, a father-in-law of Jahāngīr Mīrān-shāhī—his daughter brings her son Pir-i-muḥammad to Bābur (913) 331.

Pahlawān Aūdī (Oudhī)—wrestles (935) 683, 688.

Pahlawān Lāhorī, a boatman—wrestles (935) 656.

Pāpa Āghācha, a mistress of Ḥuṣain Bāī-qarā—particulars 266, 268-9; her five sons and three daughters ib.2918

Pāpā-aūghūlī, of Bābur’s household—out with Bābur (910) 234; at Qandahār (913) 335.

Parbat Kakar—conveys tribute to Bābur (925) 391, 392, 393.

Pasha Begīm Bahārlū, Āq-qūīlūq Turkmān, daughter of ‘Alī-shukr Beg—particulars 49; her nephew Yār-‘alī Balāl q.v.2919

Pāyanda-muḥammad Qīplān—out with Bābur (925) 404.

Pāyanda-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa‘īd and wife of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 263, 265, 268; her son Ḥaidar and her daughters ib.; visited in Herāt by Bābur (912) 301; arranges a marriage for him 306; captured by Shaibānī (913) 327.

Pietro della Vallé—an illustration drawn from his recorded morning-draught (1623 AD.) 395.

Khwāja Pir Aḥmad Khawāfī—his son 281.

Pir Budāgh Sult̤ān, Khāqān in Desht Qībchāq (Ḥ.S. iii, 232)—his Bāī-qarā marriage 258 n. 2.

Mīr Pīr Darwesh Hazār-aspī—in charge of Balkh (857) 50; fights there ib.

Pīrī Beg Turkmān—joins Bābur (913) 336; particulars Author’s Note, 336.

Pīr Kānū of Sakhī-sarwār—Bābur halts at his tomb (910) 238.

Pīr Muḥammad Aīlchī-būghā, qūchīn—particulars 50 and nn.; drowned 48 n. 4, 50; [895 AH.-1490 AD.].

Pīr Muḥammad Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Jahāngīr—brought by his widowed mother to Bābur (913) 331.

Pīr-qulī Sīstānī—in the right wing at Pānīpat (932) 472, and at Kānwa (933) 566; on service (932) 530.

Pīr Sult̤ān Pashāī—one of Bābur’s guides (912) 308.

Prester John, Wang Khān [T.R. trs. 16], Ong Khān [Abu’l-ghāzī, Desmaisons’ trs. p. 55]—his title 23 n. 3.

Pulād Sult̤ān Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—son of Kūchūm—Bābur sends him his earliest-mentioned Dīwān (925) 402, 632 n. 3; at Jām (934) 622; an envoy goes from him to Bābur (935) 631, 632, 641.

Pūrān (Allāh-bīrdī or Allāh-qulī)—out with Bābur (910) 234; wounded (913) 342; his father-in-law Qāsim qūchīn q.v.

Qābil (Cain)—Bābur goes alone to his tomb (925) 415.

Qādīr-bīrdī Ghainī—spoken to by Bābur when in hiding (908) 180-1.

Qāītmās Turkmān, retainer of Jahāngīr—drowned (910) 237.2920

Qalandar pīāda—on Bābur’s service (932) 529.

Qaṃbar-i-‘alī Arghūn—on Bābur’s service (935) 688.

Qaṃbar-i-‘alī Beg—mobilizes the Hindūstān army by Abū-sa‘īd’s order (873?) 46;

expelled from Khurāsān with Maḥmū Mīrān-shāhī 47.

Qaṃbar-i-‘alī Beg qūchīn, son of Qāsim—races with Bābur (?) (907) 147; wounded, brings Bābur a message (908) 174; one of the eight in flight from Akhsī 177; gives Bābur his horse 177-8; beats down snow for a road (912) 308-9; fights rebels in Kābul 315; at Qandahār (913) 334; wounded 336; hurries from Qūndūz against rebels in Ghaznī (921) 364; brings Bābur a letter from Balkh (?) (925) 385.

Qaṃbār-i-‘alī Beg Silākh, Mughūl—particulars 28; his inconvenient absence (904) 106; recalled (905) 108; goes away 110; returns 112; in the van at Khūbān 113; goes away 115; returns and is ill-tempered 117; his districts 115, 124; his ill-timed pacificism 118; his misconduct 123; goes to Taṃbal, made prisoner, escapes to Bābur 124; on Bābur’s service (906) 130, 131; at Sar-i-pul 138, 139; sends his family out of Samarkand 141; ? races with Bābur (907) 147; ? leaves Bābur in Dikh-kat 150 n. 3; conspires against Taṃbal and goes to The Khān (Maḥmūd) 154; serves Bābur against Taṃbal (908) 161, 162, 165, 166; counsels Bābur distastefully and flees 168, 170; talks to him of peace with Taṃbal 173; made prisoner in Akhsī against Bābur’s wish 174; leaves Khusrau Shah for Bābur (910) 189; dismissed by Bābur and why 192, 532 n. 1; his son ‘Abdu'-shukūr q.v.

Qaṃbar Bī Aūzbeg—blamed by Shaibānī for three murders (906) 128; on service for him (910) 242, 244; defeated by T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī’s men (934) 622.

Qarā Aḥmad yūrūnchī—Bābur’s messenger to the Kābul begs (912) 314.

Qarā Barlās—leaves Samarkand with the Tarkhāns (905) 121; fights for Bābur at Sar-i-pul (906) 139; besieged and holds out to the end 143, 144.

Sayyid Qarā Beg Kohbur Chaghatāī—remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; invited into Akhsī (for Bābur) (904) 101; escapes after defeat 106; at Khūbān (905) 113; released 1192921; his (?) hasty retreat to entrenchments (906) 138, 232 n. 4; his son ‘Abdu’l-qadūs q.v.

Qarā Bīlūt—surrenders Qalāt-i-ghilzāī to Bābur (911) 248-9.

Qaracha Khān—punished for disobedience (925) 390-1; on service (934) 602, (935) 638; his messenger with news of Mahīm’s journey 650, 659.

Qārā-gūz Begīm Arlāt—her marriage with Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī 265.

Qarā-gūz Begīm, see (1) Makhdūma, (2) Rābi‘a-sult̤ān.

Qarā-qūzī—on Bābur’s service (932) 471; in the left-wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat 473.

Qārlūghāch Bakhshī kills Mughūl Beg’s son (904) 102.

Qashqa Maḥmūd (or Qāshqa), Beg of the Chīrās tūmān of Mughūls—sent to help Bābur (906) 138; quarrels with a Begchīk for the military post of honour (907) 155. (He may be “Bābā Qashqa” q.v.)

Mullā Qāsim—building work given to him (935) 642.

Sayyid Qāsim (p. 96), see Sayyid Kāmal.

Qāsim-i-‘ajab Beg—remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; promoted to beg’s rank (904) 104; captured by Taṃbal’s men (905) 115-6; released 119.

Qāsim-i-‘alī tariyākī—musician at entertainments (925) 385, 387, 388.

Qāsim Beg qūchīn—particulars 26; supports Bābur (899) 30, (900) 43; his appointments 43, 44 (where delete Sayyid as his title); punishes misconducted Mughūls (902) 66-7, 153 and has to leave Bābur (907) 27, 67; on missions (903) 90, (904) 100, 101; remains with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; defeated by Mughūls (904) 105-6; in the centre at Khūbān (905) 113; banished from Andijān by ‘Alī-dost 119; rejoins Bābur for Samarkand 123, (906) 130; suspects Banā’ī 136; in the centre at Sar-i-pul 139; defending Samarkand 141, 142, 143, 144; races with Bābur (907) 147; advises a tactful gift 150; out with Bābur (910) 234; rewarded (911) 252; goes with a punitive force to Nigr-aū 253; a saying of his twisted for ill 254; defeats Aūzbegs (912) 295; insists in Herāt on ceremony due to Bābur 298; angered by Bābur’s being pressed to drink wine 304; mistaken as to a route 308-9; mistakenly compassionate 313; allowed to keep his Fifth of spoil (913) 324; in the left wing at Qandahār 334, 335; wounded 336; retainers allotted to him 339; his counsel 339-40; mediates for suspects (914) 345; waits on Bābur returned from Hindūstān (925) 395; mediates for Tramontane clans to leave Kābul 402; Bābur breaks fast at his house 408; his sons Ḥamza, Tīngrī-bīrdī, Qaṃbar-i-‘alī q.v.; his ill-conducted nephew 414; a servant 313; a father-in-law Banda-i-‘alī q.v.; [♰928 AH.-1522 AD.].

Qāsim Duldāī, Barlās Turk—serving Bāī-sunghar Mīrān-shāhī (902) 65;

joins Bābur 66.

Qāsim-i-ḥusain Aūzbeg-Shaibān, son of Qāsim and ‘Āyisha-sult̤ān Bāī-qarā—particulars 267, 298; joins Bābur (933) 550; at Kānwa 556, 559; receives Badāūn 582; on service 582, (934) 589, (935) 682; in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 669; mentioned 631 n. 4, ☛ 706.

Sayyid Qāsim Jalāīr—wins the Champion’s Portion at Asfara (900) 53; takes it at Shāhrukhiya 53; stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; joins him for Samarkand (905) 123-4; at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) (906) 139; his strange doings in Pāp (908) 171; his unseasonable arrival in Akhsī 174; defeats an Aūzbeg raider (910) 195; out with Bābur 234, (925) 403; drunk 415; Bābur pays him a consolation-visit 418; a party in his country-house (926) 420; assigned to reinforce Khwājā Kalān in Kābul (935) 647.

Qāsim Khān Qāzzāq, Jūjī Chīngīz-khānid—his marriage with Sult̤ān-nigār Chaghatāī 23; his good administration 23-4; [♰924 AH.-1518 AD.].

Qāsim Khītka (?) Arghūn, (var. Jangeh)—in Akhsī (908) 171.

Qāsim Khwāja—succeeds in his brother Yakka’s appointments (935) 674; on service 682.

Qāsim Kūkūldāsh—at a household party (906) 131 (his name is omitted from the Ḥai. MS. f. 83 and from my text); helps Bābur at his mother’s burial (911) 246; at Qandahār (913) 335; his Arghūn marriage 342, 199 n. 1, ☛ 443.

Qāsim Mīr-akhẉūr—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; on service (933) 548.

Malik Qāsim Mughūl, brother (p. 568) of Bābā Qashqa—in the right-wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat (932) 473, and at Kānwa (933) 568; on service with his brethren (932) 528, (933) 558, 582, (934) 589; his good service near Qanūj and his death 599; his kinsmen, see s.n. Bābā Qashqa; [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.].

Shāh Qāsim pīāda—sent on a second mission to Bābur’s kinsfolk in Khurāsān (935) 617.

Qāsim Saṃbhalī—not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; surrenders 528, 529; sent out of the way before Kānwa (933) 547 (where the Ḥai. MS. adds “Beg”, by clerical? error).

Qāsim Sult̤ān Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—his Bāī-qarā marriage 267; at a reception (912) 298; his son Qāsim-i-ḥusain q.v.

Qātāq Begīm, wife of Aḥmad Mīrān-shāhī—particulars 36; of Aḥmad’s escape from her dominance 36 n. 1.

Qayyām Beg—Aūrdū (Ūrdū) Shāh—out with Bābur (925) 403; waits on Bābur as Governor of Nīngnahār (926) 421; joins him in Hindūstān (933) 550 (here Qawwām Aūrdū-shāh); at Kānwa 556, 569.

Qāẓī Bihzādī—Bābur forbids unlawful drinks in his house (925) 398.

Qāẓī Ghulām—escapes death by pretending to be a slave (904) 102.

Qāẓī Jīā—waits on Bābur (932) 527; on service 530, (933) 544, (935) 639; joins Bābur 667; on service 668, 682.

Qāẓī of Kābul—waits on Bābur (925) 395.

Qāẓī of Samāna—☛ complains of Mundāhir attack (936) 693, 700.

Qismatāī Mīrzā—on Bābur’s service in Hindūstān (932) 474, (933) 545, 546-7, 548; his untimely praise of the Rājpūt army 548, 550.

Qilka Kāshgharī—escapes death (904) 102.

Qīzīl tawāchī—messenger of Shāh Beg Arghūn to Bābur (925) 395.

Qublāī Khān, great-grandson of Chīngīz Khān—his building at Qarshī 84 n. 2; [♰693 AH.-1294 AD.].

Qūch Beg (Qūj), son of Aḥmad qarāwal—in the left wing at Khūbān (905) 113; his courage at Bīshkharān 118; leaves Bābur for Ḥiṣār (906) 129; ? reprieved at Qāsim qūchīn’s request (914) 345; on Bābur’s service (925) 374, (925) 384; at Parhāla 390; comes on summons to Kābul 409; referred to as dead (933) 565; his brother Tardī Beg q.v.

Qūch Arghūn—allotted in Qalāt to Qāsim qūchīn (913) 339.

Qūch Beg Kohbur Chaghatāī, son of Ḥaidar-i-qāsim—at Sar-i-pul (906) 139; in Samarkand besieged 142, 143, 144.

Qul-arūk—drowned in the Sind-water (910) 237.

Qul-bāyazīd bakāwal—particulars 237; swims the Sind-water (910) 237; at Qandahār (913) 335, 338; his son Tīzak q.v.; his tomb near Kābul 198.

Qulī Beg Arghūn—known as attached to Bābur (913) 337; returns from an embassy to Kāshghar (925) 415; his brother Aḥmad-‘alī Tarkhān q.v.

Qūlij Bahādur Aūzbeg—mentioned in T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawi’s account of Jām (935) 636 n. 2.

Mīrzā Qūlī Kūkūldāsh, see Mīrzā-qulī.

Qulī-muḥammad Būghdā qūchīn—particulars 40.

Ustād Qul-muḥammad ‘Aūdī]—particulars 291; his musical training owed to Nawa’ī 272.

Qul-nachāq—holding Balkh for the Bāī-qarās (912) 294, 296; surrenders it to Shaibānī 300.

Qul-naz̤ar of T̤aghāī Beg—sallies out from Samarkand (906) 142; does well 144.

Qurbān Chīrkhī—sent into Bhīra (925) 381; a false rumour about him as invited into Balkh (935) 625; gifts to his servants 633; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669; on service 678.

Qus̤am ibn ‘Abbās, one of the Companions—his tomb at Samarkand 75.

Qusum-nāī (?)—on service (932) 534.

Qut̤b Khān Sarwānī—not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; Mahdī Khwāja sent against him in Etāwa 530; takes Chandwār (933) 557; abandons both places 579, 582; defeated 587.

Khwāja Qut̤bu’d-dīn Aūshī (Ūshī)—his birthplace in Farghāna 475 n. 6; Bābur visits his tomb in Dihlī (932) 475; [♰633 AH.-1235 AD.].

Qūtlūq Khwāja Kūkūldāsh—with Bābur in Samarkand (906) 143, 144; host to Bābur (925) 398, 407; held up as an example 406.

Qūtlūq-muḥammad Kūkūldāsh, foster-brother of Daulat-sult̤ān Khānīm—brings Bābur letters from Kāshghar (925) 409 (where for “Daulat” read Qūtlūq).

Qūtlūq-nigār Khānīm Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, mother of Bābur—particulars 21; mentioned 17, 19; in Andijān (900) 43; entreats her son’s help (903) 88, 89; sent to join him in Khujand 92, and in Aūrā-tīpā (905) 136; her Mughūls rebel (904) 105; with Bābur in Samarkand (906) 136; leaves the town with him (907) 147; hears of a sister’s death 148-9; goes to her own family in Tāshkīnt 149; her dangerous illness ib.; her safety leaves Bābur free (908) 157, 158; ☛ with him in Sūkh 184; uses his tent in the exodus from Farghāna (910) 188; left in Kāhmard 189; crosses Hindū-kush and rejoins him in Kābul 197; her death (911) 21, 246; her treatment as a refugee in Tāshkīnt (908) contrasted with that of her refugee-relations in Kābul (912) 318; her concern for her son’s marriage affairs (905) 120, (910) 48; her old governess 148; [♰911 AH.-1505 AD.].

Qūtlūq-qadam qarāwal—out with Bābur (910) 236-7; in the left-centre at Qandahār (913) 335; on service (925) 403, (932) 458, 460, 468, 471, 530; in the left wing at Pānīpat 472 and at Kānwa (933) 567, 570; on service 475; host to Bābur (926) 424; his tomb and bridge near Kābul 198, 204; [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.?].

Qūtlūq-sult̤ān Begīm, daughter of Mīrān-shāh son of Tīmūr—wife of Ḥusain Qānjūt 256 n. 5.

Rābi‘a-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—Qarā-gūz Begīm—daughter of Aḥmad—particulars 13, 35.

Sayyid Rafī‘u’d-dīn Ṣafawī—Mullā Rafī‘—mediates for Niz̤ām Khān with Bābur (933) 539; concocts tonic powders (935) 606; at a feast 631.

Khwāja Raḥīm-dād, paternal-nephew of Mahdī Khwāja—receives and obtains possession of Gūālīar (933) 539, 540, 547; his quarters and constructions there (935) 607, 610, 613; Bābur sleeps in his flower-garden 612, 613; action against him as seditious 688-9, (936) 690; his son held as hostage and escapes (935) 688-9; ☛ Ibn Batuta’s account of him 692 n. 1; ☛ no sequel of his rebellion mentioned in the Akbar-nāma 692.

Raḥmat pīāda—conveys letters to Kābul (932) 466.

Rāja of Kahlūr—☛ waits on Bābur (936) 699.

Rajab-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Maḥmūd—particulars 48, 49.

Ramẓān lūlī—a musician at parties (925) 387, 388.

Rāo Sarwānī, see Dāūd.

Sult̤ān Rashīd Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Sa‘īd and Makhtūm Qālūchī (T.R. trs. p. 187)—his Qāzzāq marriage 23.

Mr. Thomas Rastel—an illustration drawn from his morning-draught recorded [1623 AD.] 395.

Rānā Ratan-sī—successor of his father Sangā in Chītor 613; mentioned in connection with the Khīljī jewels ib.; his younger brother Bikramājīt q.v.

Rauḥ-dam—musician at entertainments (925) 385, 387, 388; in a raft-misadventure 407.

Rawū’ī Sarwānī (Rāo)—serving Bābur (933) 538 (here read as Dāūd), (935) 682; host to Bābur (934) 588.

Rīnīsh (var. Zīnīsh) Aūzbeg—his defeat by T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī (934) 618, 622 (where in n. 1 for “934” read 935 as the date of the battle of Jām); [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.].

A Rūmī prescribes for Bābur (935) 657, 660.

Rāja Rūp-narāin—included in Bābur’s Revenue List 521.

Ruqaiya Aghā, wife of Badī‘u’z-zamān Bāī-qarā—captured in Herāt and married by Tīmūr Aūzbeg 328.

Ruqaiya-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of ‘Umar Shaikh—particulars 18, 19; [♰cir. 935 AH.-1528 AD.].

Rūstam-i-‘alī Turkmān—in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; on service (925) 377, (933) 538; in the tūlghuma of the left-wing at Kānwa 568, 569.

Rustam Khān—Ilīās (p. 576)—captures Bābur’s commander at Kūl (Koel) (933) 557, 576; captured and flayed alive 576.

Sa‘ādat-bakht Begīm—Begīm Sult̤ān—Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain—particulars 266-7.

Nāṣiru’d-dīn Sabuktīgīn Ghaznawī Turk—the humble status of his capital 217; a legend concerning him 219; his son Maḥmūd q.v.; [♰387 AH.-997 AD.].

Sadharān Tānk Rājpūt—his acceptance of Islām 481 n. 5.

Pahlawān Ṣādiq—made to wrestle (935) 650; forbidden as an antagonist 653; wrestles 688.

Mullā Sa‘du’d-dīn Mas‘ūd Taftazānī—a descendant of 283; [♰792 AH.-1390 AD.].

Sult̤ān Sa‘īd Khān Ghāzī, Chaghatāī Chīnqīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad—particulars 698 nn. 2, 3, 349; meets Bābur (908) 159; stays with him in Kābul (914) 318, 349-50; receives Andijān from him (916) 318, 357; loyal to him 344 n. 2, ☛ 351-2; sends an envoy to him (917) 22; Ḥaidar Dūghlāt goes from Bābur to Sa‘īd (918) 362; two kinswomen take refuge with him (923 and 924) 24 (where in n. 1 delete the second sentence); reported to have designs on Badakhshān (925) 412; an envoy to him returns 415; ☛ named as a principal actor between 926 and 932 AH. 427; writes and sends gifts to Bābur (932) 446; ☛ invades Badakhshān (936) 695-6; ☛ gist of a letter from Bābur to him 697-8; ☛ Bābur moves menacingly for the North-west 698; his full-brother Khalīl, his son Rashīd, his wife Ḥabība, and kūkūldāsh Yāngī Beg q.v.; [♰939 AH.-1533 AD.].

Sa‘īdlīq Sa‘d Turkmān—defeated by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (873?) 260.

Saif-i-‘alī Beg Bahārlū Qarā-qūīlūq Turkmān, father of Bairām Khān-i-khānān—particulars 91 n. 3.2922

Maulānā Saifī Bukhārī—‘Arūẓī—particulars 288; [♰909 AH.-1503-4 AD.].

Saif Khān Nūḥānī, son of Daryā Khān—deserts ‘Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 457.

Saifu’d-dīn Aḥmad, Shaikhu’l-islām in Herāt—particulars 283; takes the keys of Herāt to Shaibānī (913) 328; his pupil Muḥammad-i-yūsuf q.v.; killed by Shāh Ismā‘īl 283; [♰916 AH.-1510 A.D.].

Ḥājī Saifu’d-dīn Beg, ? uncle of Tīmūr—his descendant Walī Beg 272.

Sakma Mughūl—rebels against Bābur (914) 345.

Ṣalāḥu’d-dīn (Silhādī)—particulars 562 n. 3, 614 n. 2; his force at Kānwā (933) 562; attack on him planned and abandoned (934) 598; Bābur visits village near his birthplace (935) 614; mentioned 628 n. 2.

Ṣāliḥa-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī, daughter of Maḥmūd and Pasha, wife of Bābur—(name not now in the Turkī text) 47; ☛ the likelihood that she and “Dil-dār” were one 713 (where read Ṣāliḥa).

Ṣāliḥa-sult̤ān Mīrān-shāhī—Āq Begīm—daughter of Aḥmad and Qātāq—particulars 35; gifts from her wedding reach Bābur (900) 43.

Salīma-sult̤ān Begīm—☛ her parentage 713.

Sult̤ān Sālīm Rūmī—takes Badī‘u-z-zamān Bāī-qarā, a captive, to Constantinople (920) 327 n. 5; ☛ defeats Ismā‘īl Ṣafawī at Chāldirān (920) 443, 469; [♰926 AH.-1520 AD.].

Ṣamad Mīnglīghī—wounded and dies 106; [♰904 AH.-1499 AD.].

Mehtar Saṃbhal, slave of Shāh Beg Arghūn—particulars 338 n. 2; captured at Qandahār and escapes (913) 338; ☛ Commander in Qandahār and revictuals it for Shāh Beg 432.

Sult̤ān Sanjar Barlās Turk, son of ‘Abdu’l-lāh—incites a Mughūl revolt in Kābul (912) 313-17; spared on family grounds 317.

Sult̤ān Sanjar Mīrzā Mervī—his daughter Bega Sult̤ān Begīm’s Bāī-qarā marriage (cir. 860) 267.

Rānā Sangā Mewārī—particulars 483, 558 n. 2; his capture of Chanderī 593; proffers Bābur co-operation against Ibrāhīm Lūdī (931?) 426, 529; fails him (932) 529; takes Kandār 530, 539; Bābur’s attack on him deferred 530-1 and determined (933) 538; his strength and approach 544, 547; defeated at Kānwa 559-574; escapes 576; references to the battle 267, 533, 579, 582, 583, 599, 600, 630 n. 4, 637, 663; his lands not invaded, on climatic grounds 577, 578; Bābur’s planned attack on him in Chītor frustrated (934) 598; his wife Padmāwatī and sons Ratan-sī and Bikramājīt̤ q.v.; his trusted man Medinī Rāo q.v.; [♰934 AH.-1528 AD.].2923

Sangur Khān Janjūha—waits on Bābur (925) 383; on service 389, 419; killed in a sally from Bīāna 548; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Mīr Sar-i-barhana, see Shamsu’d-dīn Muḥammad.

Sārīgh-bāsh Mīrza Itārachī—sent by The Khān (Maḥmūd) to help Bābur (908) 161, 170.

Mullā Sarsān—Kāmrān’s messenger and custodian of Ibrāhīm Lūdī’s son (933) 544.

Sar-u-pā Gujūr—Bābur’s guide to Parhāla (925) 389, 391.

Satrvī Kachī—his force at Kānwa (933) 562.

Sult̤ān Sātūq-būghra Khān Ghāzī Pādshāh (b. 384 AH.-994 AD.).—a surmised descendant 29 n. 8; his style Pādshāh 344 n. 2.

Sayyid Amīr, see Nūru’d-dīn Chaghanīānī.

Sayyid Dakkanī—Shāh T̤āhir Khwāndī Dakkani—present at a feast (935) 631.2924

Sayyid Daknī Shīrāzī, or Ruknī, or Zaknī—receives honours and orders (935) 619; on his name and work ib. n. 2, 634 n. 1; (see supra).

Sayyidī Beg T̤aghāī, see Sherīm T̤aghāī.

Sayyidīm ‘Alī darbān (? Muhammad-‘alī), son of Bābā ‘Alī Beg—particulars 307; serving Khusrau Shāh (901) 60-1; leads the Rustā-hazāra to join Bābur (910) 196; a follower punished 197; takes Bāī-qarā service (912) 307; drowned by Badī‘u’z-zamān 307-8; [♰cir. 913 AH.-1507 AD.].

Sayyid Mashhadī (var. Masnadī)—brings Bābur news of Khwāja Raḥīmdād’s sedition (935) 688.

Sayyid Mīrzā Andikhūdī, ? brother of Apāq Begīm—his two Bāī-qarā marriages 267.

Sayyid Rūmī—at a feast (935) 631.

Sayyid T̤abīb Khurāsānī—attends Bābur’s mother (911) 247.

Shād Begīm Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—particulars 263-4; her husband ‘Ādil Sult̤ān Aūzbeg q.v.

Shādī, a reciter—his son Ghulām-i-shadī 292.

Shādī Khān Kīwī Afghān—fights and submits to Bābur (910) 233.

Shādmān chuhra—wrestles (935) 660.

Shāh Bābā bīldār—entrusted with building work (935) 642.

Shah-bāz qalandar—his tomb destroyed by Bābur (925) 377.

Shah-bāz Qārlūq—serving Taṃbal (908) 170.

Shāh Beg Arghūn—Shuja‘ Beg—son of Ẕū’n-nūn—his close association with his father 274; mentioned as with him in Qandahār (902) 71, (910) 198, 227; they give refuge to Badī‘u’z-zamān Bāī-qarā (902) 71, (913) 307; act with the Mīrzā (903) 94, 95; favoured by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 264; his dominance ib.; proffers and renounces co-operation with Bābur against Shaibānī (913) 330, 331-2; loses Qandahār to him 337-8; ☛ released from Ṣafawī imprisonment by his slave Saṃbhal’s devotion (917) 338 n. 2, 365; news of his taking Kāhān reaches Bābur (925) 395; his interpretation of Bābur’s reiterated attack on Qandahār 365, ☛ 427; other suggestions for the attack of 926 AH. 430; ☛ action of his checks an expedition into Hindūstān (926) 428, 429, 430; ☛ his position and political relations 429; Bābur’s campaign against Qandahār (926-928) 366, 430-436, App. J. xxxiv; ☛ final surrender to Bābur (928) ib.; ☛ his death 437, 443; his son Shāh Ḥasan, brother Muḥammad Muqīm, slave Mehtar, commissary Qīzīl q.v.; [♰930 AH.-1524 AD.?].

Shāh Begīm Badakhshī, wife of Yūnas Khān Chaghatāī—particulars 22-3; visited by Bābur (903) 92, (907) 149, (908) 157; delays to accept his plans 158; meets her younger son Aḥmad 159; ☛ ordered by Shaibānī to stay in Tāshkīnt 184; comes to Bābur in Kābul (911) 246; disloyal (912) 317; his reflections on her conduct 318-9; goes to Badakhshān (913) 21, 35, 341; captured by Abā-bikr Kāshgharī; her sons Maḥmūd and Aḥmad, her daughter Daulat-sult̤ān, her nephew Sanjar Barlās; her grandsons Mīrzā Khān and Sa‘īd (and his brothers) q.v.

Shāh-i-gharīb Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Ḥusain and Khadīja—particulars 261, 268; his retainer Āhī the poet 289 n. 3; [♰902 AH.-1496-7 AD.—Ḥ.S. lith. ed. iii, 260].

Shāhī qalandar—plays the ribāb (925) 417.

Shāhī t̤amghāchī—appointed clerk (935) 629.

Shāhīm (Shāh Muḥammad?)—sent for news (932) 454; climbs into Chanderī (934) 595 (here yūz-bāshī); his brother Nūr Beg q.v.

Shahīm-i-nāṣir—one of eight fugitives from Akhsī (908) 177.

Shāh-jahān Pādshāh Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—☛ 184; his imitation of Bābur (1030) 298 n. 3; ☛ his work in Bābur’s burial-garden 710, App. V, lxxx; [♰1076 AH.-1666 AD.].

Shāh Muhammad muhrdār, son of Bābā Qashqa—on Bābur’s service (925) 388, (935) 688; his kinsmen see s.n. Bābā Qashqa; [♰958 AH.-1551 AD.].2925

Shāh-qulī ghichakī—a guitar-player—particulars 291.

Shāh-qulī Kūl-ābī—goes into Ḥiṣāt (935) 640; his brother Wais q.v.

Shāh-qulī, ? servant of Div Sult̤ān (p. 635)—sent to give Bābur a report of the battle of Jām (935) 649; conveys from Bābur an acceptance of excuse to T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī 649.

Shahrak—conveys letters and a copy of Bābur-nāma writings (935) 652, 653.

Shahr-bānū Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa‘īd—particulars 268; married to Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (cir. 873) and divorced (876) 21 n. 1, 268.

Shahr-bānū Begīm Mīrān-shāhī, (ut supra), daughter of ‘Umar Shaikh, wife of Junaid Barlās—particulars 18.

Shāhrūkh Mīrza Barlās Turk, son of Tīmūr—mentioned in a genealogy 14; ruling in Herāt when Ḥusain Bāī-qarā was born there (842) 256; his wazīr serves Ḥusain (after 873) 281; [♰850 AH.-1447 AD.].

Shāhrukh-Sult̤ān Afshār Turk—commands a reinforcement for Bābur from Ismā‘īl Ṣafawī (917) 354.

Shāh Ṣufī—does well in Samarkand (906) 144.

Shāh Sult̤ān Begīm (? Arghūn), wife of Ābū-sa‘īd Mīrān-shāhī and mother of ‘Umar Shaikh—her parentage not stated 13 n. 5,2926 45 n. 1; goes from Akhsī to Andijān when widowed (899) 32; a mediator (905) 113; her death announced (907) 149; [♰906 AH.-1501 AD.].

Shāh-suwār Mughūl—fights in single combat (904) 106.

Shāh T̤ahir Khwāndī Dakkanī, see Sayyid Dakkanī.

Shāh-zāda, ? Shāh Ḥasan Arghūn—(926) 417, 418.

Shāh-zādā Mungīrī, son of Naṣrat Shāh—negociates with Bābur (935) 676 (where the note reference “5” should follow Mungir).

Shaibak pīāda—brings news of Hind-āl’s birth (925) 385.

A Shaibān-Aūzbeg Sult̤ān’s marriage 23.

Muḥammad Shaibānī Khān—Shaibāq Khān2927—Aūzbeg-Shaibān Chīngīz-khānid—his relations with Ḥamza and Mahdī Sult̤āns q.v.; invited to help Bāī-sunghar (903) 73; raids Shīrāz 92; defeats Tarkhāns in Dabūsī (905) 40, 124, (906) 137; takes Bukhārā 125; is given Samarkand by ‘Alī Mīrān-shāhī 125; murders the Mīrzā (906) 128; his men murder Khwāja Yaḥyā and two sons 128; loses Samarkand by Bābur’s surprise attack 131, 132, 134; Bābur’s comparison of this capture with Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s of Herāt 135; Bābur’s estimate of Shaibāni’s position 137-8; defeats Bābur at Sar-i-pul (Khwāja Kārdzan) 138-141; besieges Samarkand and effects its surrender (906) 142-7; receives an envoy from Ḥusain Bāī-qarā 145; crosses the frozen Saiḥūn and raids Shahrukhiya 151; plunders Aūrā-tīpā 152-3; referred to (908) 158, 168; invited into Farghāna 172; defeats the Chaghatāī Khāns and Bābur at Archīān 18, ☛ 183; captures Andijān (909?) 192; beheads Walī Qībchāq (910) 196; takes Khwārizin (911) 242, 255-6; co-operation against him invited by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā (910) 190, (911) 255; his men beaten in Badakhshān (911-2) 294-5; takes Balkh 300; his capture of Herāt (913) 263, 275, 296-7, 325-330; besieges Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī in Qandahār and retires 339-40, 343; a recognized menace to Kābul 21 n. 4, 340, 342; orders Sa‘īd Chaghatāī’s death (914) 349; ☛ murders Chaghatāī and Dughlāt chiefs 350; war begun with Shāh Ismā‘īl (915) 350; defeated and killed at Merv 350; his wives Mihr-nigār Chaghatāī, Khān-zāda Mīrān-shāhī, Zuhra Aūzbeg q.v.; his sons Tīmūr and Khurram q.v.; Banā’ī his retainer (906) 136; creates a Tarkhān 133; [♰915 AH.-Dec. 1510 AD.].

Shaikhī—receives gifts (935) 633.

Shaikhīm Beg, amīr and poet of Ḥusain Bāī-qarā—particulars 277, 286; [♰918 AH.-1512-3 AD.].

Shaikhīm Mīrzā Aūzbeg—holding Qarshī for his nephew ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh (918) 360.

Shaikhīm mīr-shikār—loses one of Bābur’s good hawks (925) 394.

Shaikhī nāyī, flautist in Ḥusain Bāī-qarā’s Court—particulars 291; owed his training to Nawā’ī 272.

Shaikh Sharaf Qarā-bāghī—his arrest for sedition (935) 687-8.

Shaikh Sharafu’d-dīn Munīrī—his father Shaikh Yaḥyā Chishtī 666; his writings read aloud to Akbar 666 n. 7; [♰782 AH.-1380 AD.].

Shāmī (Syrian)—deserts from Qandahār (913) 343.

Sher-afgan, brother of Tardī and Qūj Begs—on Bābur’s service (933) 538.

Sher-i-aḥmad—belittled as good company (935) 648.

Sherak Beg Argūn (var. Sher, Sherka)—serving Muqīm Arghūn (910) 195; defeated and takes service with Bābur 196, 198; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335.

Sher-i-‘alī Aūghlān,2928 Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khanīd—mentioned in Yūnas Khān’s genealogy 19.

Sher-i-‘alī chuhra (a brave?)—deserts Bābur (906) 129; put to death under suspicion (911) 248.

Mīr Sher Ḥājī Beg Kūnjī Mughūl—his daughter’s marriage with Yūnas Khān 20 (where for “‘Alī-sher” read Sher Ḥājī).

Sherīm (Sher-i-muhammad?) chuhra, a brave?—defends Ḥiṣār (910) 244; killed at Qūndūz ib.; [♰910 AH.-1505 AD.].

Sherīm T̤aghāī Kūnjī Mughūl—T̤aghāī Beg—maternal uncle of Bābur’s mother—supports Bābur (899) 29, (903) 91, 98; captured by Taṃbal (905) 110; released 119; in Samarkand (906) 141, 143, 188; Bābur’s reflections on his conduct 141, 188; thinks of leaving Bābur (910) 188; on his service 194, 197, 234; loses an index-finger 235; his post against rebels (912) 314; an opinion on game (kiyīk) (913) 325; in the right wing at Qandahār (913) 334, 337; counsels a retreat to Badakhshān from Kābul 340; ☛ disloyal (916) 351; heads Mughūl revolt in Ghaznī (921) 363; defeated 364, 397; takes refuge with Bābur 364; his son Tūqā q.v.; his (and other) abbreviated names 29 n. 2.

Sherīm Z̤ikr Beg—put to death in Kābul under ‘Abdu’r-razzāq (909?) 195 n. 3.

Sher Khān Lūdī Afghān, son of ‘Ālam Khān—on his father’s service (932) 455.

Sher Khān Sūr Afghān—Farīd Khān—Sher Shāh—favoured by Bābur (934) 652; serving Maḥmūd Lūdī (935) 652; co-guardian of Jalāl Khān Nūḥānī with Dūdū Bībī 652 n. 1, 664 n. 2; writes dutifully to Bābur 659; his training, cognomen and one of his marriages 664 n. 2, 659659 n. 4; his victory over Humāyūn (1540) 652 n. 3.

Sher Khān Tarkalānī—host to Bābur (926) 424.

Sher-qulī qarāwal Mughūl—loyal to Bābur (912) 315; at Qandahār (913) 333, 335; rebels (914) 345.

Bābā Sher-zād, see Bābā Sher-zād.

Mullā Shams—very riotous (932) 453.

Sult̤ān Shamsu’d-dīn Āīltmīsh2929 (Altamsh) of the Slave dynasty in Dihlī—his buildings in Gūālīār 610, 611; [♰633 AH.-1236 AD.].

Sayyid Shamsu’d-dīn Muḥammad—Mīr Sar-i-barahna—particulars 280.

Shamsu’d-dīn Muḥammad—bearer of letters between Khwāja Kalān and Bābur (935) 644, 645, 649.

Maulānā Shihāb mu‘ammāī—arrives in Āgra from Herāt (935) 605; invited in verse by Bābur 683; [♰942 AH.-1535 AD.].

Khusrau’s Shihabu’d-dīn—on Bābur’s service (935) 689, (936) 690.

Shaikh Shihābu’d-dīn ‘Arab—at a feast (935) 631.

Mu‘z̤z̤u’d-dīn Shihābu’d-dīn Muḥammad Ghūrī—his capital Ghaznī 217; mentioned as a conqueror of Hindūstān 479; his position contrasted with Bābur’s 479-80, 481; [♰602 AH.-1206 AD.].

Shāh Sikandar—on Bābur’s service (932-3) 546; sent to Bihār (935) 664.

Sikandar-i-Filkūs—Alexander of Macedon—Badakhshī chiefs claim of descent from him 22; a surmise that he founded Samarkand 75; his supposition that the Indus was the Nile a probable root of a geographical crux 206 n. 3; [♰327 B.C.].

Sult̤ān Sikandar Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, nephew of Ḥusain—parentage 257; his wife Sult̤ān-niẕhad q.v.; [♰908 AH.-1502-3 AD.].

Sult̤ān Sikandar Lūdī Afghān, son of Buhlūl—over-lord in Bhīra (910) 382, 383; his treasure 470, exhausted (935) 617; his siege of Gūālīār 477; his capture of Jūnpūr and Dihlī (881) 481, 571 n. 5; Bābur visits his tomb (932) 476; his brother ‘Ālam Khān and sons Ibrāhīm and Maḥmūd q.v.; ☛ his death and its date 427 and n. 3; [♰923 AH.-1517 AD.].

Sikandar Shāh Gujrātī—his accession and murder 534-5 (where for “2nd” read 932); [♰932 AH.-1526 AD.].

Sīktū Hindū—father of Dīwa q.v.

Sīūndūk Turkmān—his hands frost-bitten (912) 311; in the centre at Qandahār (913) 335; rebels against Bābur (914) 355.

Sīūnjuk Sult̤ān Khān Aūzbeg-Shaibān, Chīngīz-khānid, son of Abu’l-khair—☛ besieges Tāshkīnt (918) 358, 396; his son Bārāq at Jām (935) 622.

Sohrāb Mīrzā Bāī-qarā, son of Abū-turāb—particulars 262.

The Spanish Ambassadors—the place of their first interview with Tīmūr 78 n. 2.

Sulaimān—offers his horse to a wounded man (908) 175.

Sulaimān Āqā Turkmān—envoy of T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī to Bābur (933) 540, 583; in the right wing at Kānwa 566.

Sulaimān Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrzā Khān (Wais)2930—☛ brought to Kābul on his father’s death (927) 433 n. 1; in the right centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, and at Kānwa (933) 565; ☛ sent to govern Badakhshān (936) 697-8, 699; ☛ Bābur’s protective warning to Sa‘īd Chaghatāī 697-8 (here styled Shāh Mīrzā); on his descent 698 nn. 2, 3; meets his rebel grandson Shāhrukh (cir. 983) 191 n. 2; [♰997 AH.-1589 AD.].

Mīān Sūlaimān Shaikh-zāda Farmūlī Afghān—reinforces ‘Ālam Khān Lūdī (932) 456; gives him 4 laks 457; Bābur dismounts at his Dihlī home 476.

Malik Shāh Sulaimān Yūsuf-zāī Afghān—murdered by Aūlūgh Beg Kābulī App. K, xxxvi; his sons Manṣūr and T̤āūs, his nephew Aḥmad q.v.

Sult̤ān-bakht Begīm Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Abū-sa‘īd—her daughter visited by Bābur (935) 616.

Sult̤ānīm Begīm Mīrān-shāhī (ut supra), daughter of Aḥmad and Qātāq—particulars 36.

Sultānīm Begīm Bāī-qarā (ut supra), daughter of Ḥusain and Chūlī Begīm—particulars 265; arrives in Kābul (925) 397; dies on her way to Āgra (933) 265; her husbands Wais Bāī-qarā and ‘Abdu’l-bāqī Mīrān-shāhī, her son Muḥammad

Sult̤ān Mīrzā and grandson Aūlūgh Mīrzā (265 n. 5) q.v.; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Sult̤ān Malik Kāshgharī, Duldāī Barlās Turk—his sons Ḥāfiz Muḥammad and Aḥmad Ḥājī Beg, his brother Jānī Beg q.v.

Sult̤ān-nigār Khānīm Chaghatāī Chingīz-khānid, daughter of Yūnas Khān and Shāh Begīm—particulars 23; long parted from a half sister (907) 149; meets her brother Aḥmad (908) 159; mentioned in Bābur’s reflection on disloyal kinsfolk (912) 318; writes to him from Kāshghar (932) 446 n. 2; her son Wais [Mīrzā Khān] and grandson Sulaimān q.v.2931; [♰934 AH.-1527-8 AD.].

Sult̤ān-niẕhād Begīm Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, daughter of Ḥusain and Pāpā—particulars 266; her husband Sikandar Bāī-qarā q.v.

Sultān-qulī and Sult̤ān ‘Alī, see Bābā-qulī and Bābā ‘Alī.

Sult̤ān-qulī chūnāq, Mughūl—his fidelity (904) and treachery(?) (914 and 921) 105, 109 n. 5; falls into a pit outside Kābul (910) 198; does a bold deed 236; out with Bābur (911) 252-3; rejoins Bābur from Herāt (913) 330-1; in the Mughūl rebellion at Ghaznī (921) 364 n. 1.

Sult̤ān Suyūrghatmīsh Mīrzā Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Shāh-rukh—mentioned in his son Mas‘ūd’s genealogy 382.

T̤aghāī Beg, see Sherīm T̤aghāī.

T̤aghāī Shāh bakhshī—put in charge of Shāh Beg’s treasury (913) 338.

Tāham-tan Turkmān—particulars 279; his grandson Muḥammad-i-zamān q.v.

T̤āhir Beg Dūldāī Barlās Turk, son of Ḥāfiẓ-i-muḥammad—joint governor of Mīrzā Khān (905) 122; feeds the famished Bābur (907) 148.

T̤āhir tībrī—finds Ibrāhīm Lūdī’s body (932) 475; surprised by Rājpūts (933) 549.

Shāh-zāda2932 T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī ‘Arab, son of Ismā’īl—☛ mentioned as reigning from 930-932 AH. 427; Bābur’s envoy to him (930) returns with gifts (933) 540, 560560 n. 2, 538, ☛ 712; his campaigns against the Aūzbegs (934) 618, (935) the battle of Jām 617 n. 3, 622-4 (where on p. 622 n. 1 read 935 for “934”), 625 n. 4, 635-6; his own account of the battle 635-6; desires peace 639 n. 3; his envoys in Āgra 630, 632; his friendship enjoined on Kāmrān 645; [♰984 AH.-1576 AD.].

Tāj Khān Sārang-khānī Afghān—sends Bābur news that Maḥmūd Lūdī’s army has broken up (935) 654; waits on Bābur 657; brings news which prevents hunting 658; sent on service 682; superseded in Chunār by Junaid Barlās 683.

Tāju’d-dīn Maḥmūd Arghūn—holding Qalāt for Muqīm (913) 339; waits on Bābur (925) 418.

Sult̤ān Aḥmad Taṃbal Itārachī Mughūl—with Bābur at Asfara (900) 53; wounded near Samarkand (902) 67; promoted (903) 86; deserts Bābur under privation 86, 87; joins Aūzūn Ḥasan in supporting Jahāngīr in Farghāna 87-8; induces The Khān (Maḥmūd) to withdraw support from Bābur 91; his tyranny (904) 100-1; brings Jahāngīr against Bābur in Marghīnān 101; his men drubbed out of Akhsī and defeated at the ferry 101-2; loses Andijān 103; is joined by anxious Mughūls 105; takes Jahāngīr against Andijān and retires 106-7; Bābur’s campaign against him (905) 108-110, 112-5; defeated at Khūbān 113; helped feebly by The Khān 115-6; opposes Bābur at Archīān 117 and at Bīshkārān 118; terms made 118-9; waits on Bābur 119; his ill-influence 119, 125; makes Qaṃbar-i-‘alī prisoner 124; deserters to him 118, 125, 156; moves against The Khān (906) 145, 154; an uncle’s rough comment on him 145; is sent Nūyān’s sword by Bābur (907) 150-1; conspiracy against him 154; the two Khāns join Bābur against him (908) 161-176; wounds Bābur with Nūyān’s sword 166-7, 396; terms with him repudiated by Bābur 169, 171; invites Shaibānī into Farghāna 172; occupies Akhsī citadel 173; left by Jahāngīr 173-174; mentioned to Bābur in the flight from Akhsī 178, 182; ☛ helped by Shaibānī 183; defeated by him and killed 244 and n. 3; a couplet of Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ’s about him 289; his brothers Beg Tīlba, Khalīl, Muḥammad and Bāyazīd q.v.; [♰909 AH.-1504 AD.].

Tāng-ātmīsh Sult̤ān Aūzbeg-Shaibān?—at a feast (935) 631; his descent 631 n. 4; in the battle of the Ghogrā 669.

Tardī Beg, brother of Qūj (Qūch) and Sher-afgān—in the left centre at Pānīpat (932) 472, 473, and at Kānwa (933) 565; on service 538-9, 582, (934) 590, 602; [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

Tardī Beg khāksār—Bābur visits him (925) 417-8; makes verse dropping down the Kābul-river (932) 448; praises a spring and receives a district 467, 581; returns to the darwesh-life (933) 583; conveys a gift to Kāmrān in Qandahār 583.

Tardīka—Tardi yakka (568 n. 1)—on service (932) 462; in the right wing [tūlghuma] at Kānwa (933) 568, 579; joins Bābur at Dugdugī (935) 651; on service 678.

Tardī-muḥammad Jang-jang, son of Muḥammad Jang-jang—sent into Bhīra (935) 661, 664.

Tardī-muḥammad Qībchāq—at entertainments (925) 386, 400.

Tarkhān Begīm Arghūn Chīngīz-khānid, daughter of ‘Abdu’l-‘alī—particulars 36.

Tarsam Bahādur—punishes the Mundāhirs (936) 700-1.

Tarsūn-muḥammad Sult̤ān—serving Humāyūn (935) 640.

Malik T̤āūs Yūsuf-zāī Afghān—escorts his sister Mubāraka to her wedding with Bābur (925) 375.

Tātār Khān Kākār (or Gakar)—particulars 387; detains one travelling to Bābur (925) 386; killed by his cousin Hātī 387, 389; Bābur dismounts at his house in Pauhāla 390; [♰925 AH.-1519 AD.].

Tātār Khān Sārang-khāni Afghān—Khān-i-jahān—in Gūālīār and not submissive to Bābur (932) 523; surrenders (933) 539-40; on Bābur’s service (935) 582 (here Khān-i-jahān).

Tātār Khān Yūsuf-khail Lūdī Afghān—particulars 382, 383; his son Daulat Khān q.v.; [♰a few years before 910 AH.-1504-5 AD.].

Amīr Tīmūr Beg Barlās Turk—Ṣaḥib-i-qirān—mentioned in genealogies 14, 256; his birthplace Kesh 83; Samarkand his capital 75, 77, 78; his description of Soghd 84; his removal of the body of Sayyid Barka to Samarkand 266 n. 4; circumambulates Shaikh Māṣlaḥat’s tomb (790) 132 n. 2; and Aḥmad Yassawī’s (799) 356; captures of Qarshī 134 n. 1; his example followed in the bestowal of Farghāna 14; his gifts of the governments of Dihlī 487 and Samarkand 85; his descendants styled Mīrzā down to 913 AH. 344; Ḥusain Bāī-qarā the best swordsman of his line 259 and greatest in his lands 191; a descendant 567; favoured begs 19, 39; one of his old soldiers 150; a descendant effects the migration of fowlers to Multān 225; Bābur’s victory where his had been at Pul-i-sangīn 352; his and his descendants rule in Hindūstān 382; their loss of lands to the Aūzbegs 340; his builders and Bābur’s numerically compared 520; [♰807 AH.-1405 AD.].

Tīmūr ‘Us̤mān Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk—mentioned 280.

Tīngrī-bīrdī Bashaghī (?) Mughūl—in the left wing [tūlghumā] at Pānīpat (932) 473.

Tīngrī-bīrdī Beg, son of Qāsim qūchīn—helps to beat down snow for a road (912) 308-9; in the left wing at Qandahār (913) 334, 336; his servant at Bajaur (925) 361; entertains Bābur 401; returns to his districts Khwāst and Andar-āb 403; overtakes Bābur at Jūī-shāhī 410; acts swiftly for him (932-3) 546.

Tīngrī-qūlī, a musician—plays at Bābur’s entertainments (925) 385, 386, 388; upset into the Parwān-water 407; first given wine 415.

Tīrahī Sult̤ān—takes a letter to Khwāja Kalān (925) 411.

Mulla Tirik-i-‘alī (= Pers. Jān-i-‘alī ?)—fights for Bābur at Bajaur (925) 368 and (on his name) n. 5; on service (933) 551 (where read Tirik).

Tīzak, son of Qūl-i-bāyazīd bakāwal—captured as a child and kept 4 years (910) 197.

T̤ūfān Arghūn—joins Bābur and so creates a good omen (913) 333.

Sayyid T̤ufān—on Bābur’s service (932) 453.

Tūghlūq-tīmūr Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid—mentioned in Yūnas Khān’s genealogy 19.

Tūka Hindū (var. Nau-kār)—given charge of gifts for Kābul (932) 525.

Tūkhtā-būghā Sult̤ān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Aḥmad (Alacha Khān)—waits on Bābur (934) 601; at a feast (935) 631; referred to as serving Bābur 318; works magic 654; in the battle of the Ghogrā 672, 673; receives praise, thanks, and guerdon 674, 677; on service 682; [♰cir. 940 AH.-1533-4 AD.].

Tūlik Kūkūldāsh2933—Taṃbal strikes him with Bābur’s sword (912) 316; defeats Aūzbegs in Badakhshān (925) 408; on Humāyūn’s service (935) 640; his servant Barlās Jūkī q.v.

Tūlmīsh Aūzbeg—in the battle of the Ghogrā (935) 669; on service 678.

Tūlūn Khwāja Beg, Bārīn Mughūl—particulars 87; on Bābur’s service (902) 66, (903) 88; killed 88; [♰903 AH.-1498 AD.].

Tūn-sult̤ān (var. Yūn) Mughūl—ghūnchachī of ‘Umar Shaikh 24.

Tūqā Beg, son of Sherīm T̤aghāī—captured by Taṃbal when serving Bābur (904) 106; killed as a prisoner 107; [♰904 AH.-1499 AD.]

Khwāja ‘Ubāidu’l-lāh Aḥrārī Naqshbandī—his righteous influence in Samarkand 42; his intervention for peace between ‘Umar Shaikh and kinsmen 62 and n. 1; Pashāghar once his village 97; disciples named by Bābur, Aḥmad and ‘Umar Shaikh Mīrān-shāhī, Darwesh Beg Tarkhān, and Maulānā-i-qāẓī q.v.; held in slight esteem by Maḥmūd Mīrān-shāhī 46; his family ill-treated by Maḥmūd (899) 41; dreamed of by Bābur (906) 132; his Wālidiyyah-risāla versified by Bābur 619-20, 468 n. 4, ☛ 604; his sons [Muḥammad ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh] Khwājakā Khwāja and Yaḥya q.v.; [♰895 AH.-1491 AD.].

‘Ubaidu’l-lāh Sult̤ān Khān Aūzbeg, Shaibānī Chīngīz-khānid, son of Maḥmūd and nephew of Shaibānī—defeats two pairs of Bāī-qarā Mīrzās (913) 263, 329-30; defeated at Merv (917) 354; defeated north of Bukhārā ib.; his vow and return to obedience 348, 356; victorious over Bābur at Kūl-i-malik (918) 201 n. 7, 357-8; routs Najm S̤ānī at Ghaj-davān 360-1; avenges Mughūl tyranny in Ḥiṣār 362; attacks Herāt (927) 434; takes Merv (932) 534, 617 n. 2; takes Mashhad (933) 534, 623 n. 3; attacked by T̤ahmāsp Ṣafawī (934) 618, 622; defeated at Jām (935) 622 (where in n. 1 for “934” read 935), 635-6; T̤aḥmāsp’s description of him 636 n. 22934; his wives by capture Ḥabība Dūghlāt and Mihr-angez Bāī-qarā q.v.; [♰946 AH.-1539 AD.].

Rāwāl Ūdai-singh Bāgarī—his force at Kānwa (933) 562; his death 573; [♰933 AH.-1527 AD.].

Ūlugh, Ūlūs, see Aūlūgh, Aūlūs.

Mīr ‘Umar Beg Turkmān—particulars 279; his sons Abū’l-fatḥ and ‘Alī Khān q.v.

‘Umar Mīrzā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Mīrān-shāh—mentioned 262 n. 3.

‘Umar Shaikh Mīrzā I, son of Tīmūr—mentioned 14 (where in l. 3 for “and” read who); receives Farghāna 14; [♰797 AH.-1395 AD.].

‘Umar Shaikh Mīrzā II Mīrān-shāhī, father of Bābur—particulars 16-19, 24-28; his lands 17, 24, 50, 55, 95 n. 2, 103; Akhsī his capital 10; his ambition 12; his family relations 12; betroths Bābur 35, 120; Farghāna invaded (899) 13; his death 13, 29, 32, App. A, i, iii; his house used by Bābur (908) 172 and his tomb visited (900) 54, (908) 173; his mother Shāh Sult̤ān Begīm q.v.; his retainers Tūlūn Khwāja, ‘Abdu’l-wahhāb, Khwājakī Khwāja q.v.; his old tailor 30; mentioned 6; [♰899 AH.-1494 AD.].

Umīd Āghācha Andijānī, ghūnchachī of ‘Umar Shaikh—her son Nāṣir q.v.; [♰before 899 AH.-1494 AD.].

‘Us̤mān, the Third Khalif—Bābur surmised that Samarkand became Musalmān in his reign 75; [♰murdered 35 AH.-665 AD.].

Mullā-zāda Mullā ‘Us̤mān—particulars 284; his birthplace Chīrkh 217.

Amīr Wāḥid—his tomb in Herāt visited by Bābur (912) 306; [♰35 AH.-655-6 AD. ?]

Beg Wais—brings news from Kābul to Āgra (933) 536.

Pīr (or Mīr) Wais—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; released (905) 119; leaves Samarkand during the siege (906-7) 146.

Shaikh Wais—stays with Bābur at a crisis (903) 91; leaves Samarkand during the siege (906-7) 146.

Wais Ātāka—his canal at Kābul 200.

Wais Khān Chaghatāī Chīngīz-khānid, father of Yūnas Khān—mentioned 19; his sons Yūnas and Aīsān-būghā q.v.; [♰832 AH.-1428-9 AD.].

Sult̤ān Wais Kūlābī—his friendship recommended to Humāyūn (935) 627; ☛ reinforces Qila‘-i-z̤afar (935 or 936) 696; his daughter Ḥaram Begīm q.v.

Wais Lāgharī Beg tūghchī—particulars 28; joins The Khān (Maḥmūd) (899) 32; safe-guards his ward Nāṣir Mīrān-shāhī ib.; on service for Bāī-sunghar (902) 65; waits on Bābur 66; stays with him at a crisis (903) 91; on his service (904) 98, 100, 101, 106; at Khūbān (905) 113; advises 117; plundered by ‘Alī-dost 119; leaves Samarkand during the siege (906-7) 146; his son (?) Beggīna q.v.

Wais Mīrān-shāhī, see Mīrzā Khān.

Sult̤ān Wais Mīrzā Bāī-qarā Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Bāī-qarā II—parentage 257; his cousin and wife Sult̤anīm q.v.

Sult̤ān Wais Sawādī—mentioned 372; sent to collect a tax he had fixed (925) 374; receives gifts and leave 376.2935

Sult̤ān Wālāma Taklū—mentioned in Shāh T̤ahmāsp’s account of the battle of Jām (935) 626 n. 2.

Pīr Walī Bārlas Turk—☛ loses Sīwīstān to Shāh Beg (cir. 917) 429 n. 1.

Walī Beg Barlās—particulars 272-3; his son Muḥammad-i-Walī q.v.; [♰973 AH.].

Walī Beg Qībchāq Turk, brother of Khusrau Shāh2936—particulars 51; on his brother’s service (901) 60, 64, (902) 71, (903) 93-4; mentioned (906) 129, (910) 191 by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā; inquired for from Khusrau by Bābur 193; defeated by Aīmaqs 196; his death 51, 196; his former followers gathered together 242; [♰910 AH.-1504 AD.].

Walī khazānchī, Qarā-qūzī—captured by Taṃbal in Akhsī (908) 181; in the left centre at Qandahār (913) 335; his matchlock shooting at Bajaur (925) 369; on service 391, (932) 458, 465-6, 471; in the right wing at Pānīpat 472, 475, and at Kanwā (933) 566; his ill-behaviour in the heats 524.

Walī pārschī (cheeta-keeper)—receives a gift (935) 633.

Walī Qīzīl Mughūl—rebuked (932) 453; in the right-wing [tūlghuma] at Pānīpat 473; made shiq-dār of Dihlī 476; on service (934) 601, (935) 638.

Yādgār-i-muḥammad2937 Mīrzā Shāh-rukhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Muḥammad—his capture of Herāt referred to 278; his defeat by Ḥusain Bāī-qarā at Chanārān (874) 260; his loss of Herāt to Ḥusain (875) 260, 279, compared with Shaibānī’s of Samarkand to Bābur (906) 134-5; the date of his death referred to 259 n. 1; his Master-of-horse Mīr (Qambar-i-)‘alī q.v.; [♰875 AH.-1470-1 AD.].

Yādgār-i-nāsir Mīrzā Mīrān-shāhī Tīmūrid, Barlās Turk, son of Nāṣir—gifts made to him (935) 632; [♰953 AH.-1546 AD.].

Yādgār-i-sult̤ān Begīm Mīrān-shāhī (ut supra), daughter of ‘Umar Shaikh—particulars 18; her Aūzbeg marriage (908) 18, 356; her return to Bābur (917) 356.

Yādgār T̤aghāī—his daughter Bega Begīm q.v.

Khwāja Yaḥyā, younger son of ‘Ubaidu’l-lāh Aḥrārī—his part in the Tarkhān revolt (901) 63; treats with Bābur (904) 98; welcomes him to Samarkand (905) 124; waits on Shaibānī (906) 127; banished by him and murdered with two sons 128, 147 n. 4; his house mentioned 133; his sons Muḥammad Zakariya and Bāqī, his grandsons ‘Abdu’sh-shahīd and Khwāja Kalān q.v.; [♰906 AH.-1500 AD.].

Shaikh Yaḥyā Chīshtī—his tomb visited by Bābur (935) 666; his son Sharafu’d-dīn Munīrī q.v.

Yaḥyā Nūḥānī, at the head of Hindūstān traders—allowed to leave Kābul (925) 416.

Yaḥyā Nūḥānī (perhaps the man last entered)—waits on Bābur (935) 676; a grant and leave given 683; his younger brother (no name) 683.