INDEX (continued 4)

— of Wake, N. Carolina, notice of, D. Olmsted, xiv, 243.

—, mode of working mine of, at Borrowdale, xxxi, 177.

— of Ticonderoga, vi, 178.

— at Mount Dunderberg, N. Y., v, 29.

—, for chronometers instead of oil, xviii, 179.

— in Maine, x, 17.

— in New Hampshire, ii, 241; vi, 245.

— in Massachusetts, vi, 248; viii, 54; x, 18; xviii, 377; xxii, 47.

— in Connecticut, i, 239, 354; ii, 238; viii, 259; xxxiii, 164.

— in New York, i, 237; iv, 48; v, 29; vi, 178; ix, 41; xix, 224; xl, 75.

— in New Jersey, v, 246.

— in Pennsylvania, x, 220; xiv, 10, 14.

— in Maryland, xviii, 80.

— in the Carolinas, iv, 53; v, 263, 264, 407; xiv, 243.

— in Canada, viii, 74.

— battery, B. Silliman, Jr., xliii, 393; xliv, 180.^f

Graptolites, remarks on, xlvii, 370.^f

Grasshopper's leg a substitute for frogs in galvanic experiments, J. W. Bailey, xxxi, 292.^f

Grasses, the importance of, to man, W. Darlington, xli, 365.

Gratiola micrantha, v, 287.

— missouriana, x, 258.

Gravel, singular deposit near Troy, A. Eaton, v, 22.

Graves, R., a gelatinous meteor, ii, 335.

—, on a simplification of Wollaston's goniometer, xxiii, 75.^f

Gravity, specific, on the means of taking, R. Hare, xi, 121.^f

—, —, of various minerals, Breithaupt, xxxi, 268.

—, varying in its action, leading to errors in determinations of the earth's figure, xv, 172.

Gray, A., botanical excursions to the mountains of N. Carolina, xlii, 1.

—, notices of European herbaria, especially those interesting to American botanists, xl, 1.

—, selections from the correspondence of Cadwallader Colden, xliv, 85.

—, synonymy of several North American plants of the Orchis tribe, xxxviii, 306.

—, remarks on vegetable fecundation, xxxi, 308.

Grease of wines, xxii, 192.

Greece, modern and ancient, notices of, S. G. Howe, xviii, 250.

—, remarks on the antiquities of, and the efforts to preserve, xxxvi, 192.

—, Grecian Archipelago, iron, rutile, serpentine and heavy spar in, xxxi, 175.

—, model farm in, xix, 193.

Grecian University at Corfu, ii, 348.

Green, H., vegetable organography and physiology, xxxviii, 49.

Green, Jacob, air lamp, inflammable, ii, 330.^f

—, blowpipe, new, iv, 164.^f

—, crystallization instantaneous, instance of, iii, 93.

—, — of snow, ii, 337.^f

—, petrified tree near Chitteningo, New York, v, 251.

—, rattlesnake bones, curious fact concerning, iii, 85.

—, trilobites, notice of a monograph on, xxiii, 395.

—, —, new, xxv, 334.

—, —, structure of, &c., xxxvii, 25.^f

—, —, genus Paradoxides of Brongniart, and on the genus Triarthrus, xxxiii, 341.

—, —, Calymene Rowii, xxxiii, 406.

—, —, Calymene bufo, note on, xxxviii, 410.

—, —, Asaphas diurus, xxxvii, 40.

Green, James, barometer and other instruments, construction of, xxvii, 292.

Green, Schweinfurt's, preparation of, vii, 386.

Green malachite, see Malachite.

— earth in Massachusetts, i, 113.

— paint, a new, for artists, xxviii, 148.

— sand in France, viii, 217.

— — in New Jersey, see Cretaceous.

Greenland, east coast, formerly inhabited by Europeans, xv, 166.

—, subsidence of the coast of, xxx, 379.

—, rocks and country of, xvii, 14.

—, population of, iii, 384.

—, ice, i, 101.

Greenstone in Western Massachusetts, viii, 9.

— of Nova Scotia, xiv, 305.

— of the Connecticut valley, account of, E. Hitchcock, vi, 31, 44.

—, junction of with the sandstone, vi, 47.

—, columnar, Connecticut valley, vi, 53.

—, degradation of, vi, 55.

—, dikes of, Connecticut valley, vi, 47, 56.

—, see further under Trap.

Greek conjugations, J. W. Gibbs, xxxvii, 112.

— correlatives, J. W. Gibbs, xxxiv, 337.

— fire, J. Cutbush on, vi, 302.

— verbal roots in English, J. W. Gibbs, xlv, 284.

Grevilleanum serratum, xi, 183.^f

Greystone, characters of, xv, 32.

Griffith, Mary, on the halo which surrounds all bodies, xxxviii, 22.

Grindstones of Nova Scotia, xv, 148; xxx, 338.

Griscom, J., on botanical fêtes in France, ix, 154.

Griswold, C., submarine explosion, ii, 94.

Gronovius, J. F., letters from, to C. Colden, xliv, 85.

Grooves in rocks, see Scratches.

Grotto del Cane, xxiv, 244.

Grove's voltaic battery, xxxviii, 116.

— — —, experiments with, S. F. B. Morse, xlv, 390.^f

— — —, on the use of carbon in, B. Silliman, Jr., xliii, 393; xliv, 180.^f

Groves of evergreens, their value near gardens, &c., xxii, 158.

Growth of wheat, on the acceleration of, G. W. Hall, xxxi, 345.

— of timber, xxiv, 391.

Guaco, notice of, xxii, 182.

—, medical virtues of, confirmed, W. R. Johnson, xxvii, 171.

—, remedy for hydrophobia, W. R. Johnson, xxiv, 279.

—, note on, xxiv, 388.

Guadaloupe fossil human skeleton, description of the skull of, J. Moultrie, xxxii, 361.

Guano, remarks on, J. E. Teschemacher, xlvi, 203.

—, account and analysis of, xlviii, 181.

—, change in bones in, R. Warrington, xlix, 391.

—, xanthic oxide in, xlix, 200.

—, xanthine in, Unger, xlix, 391.

Guillemin, J. B. A., on the bitterness of vegetables, xxiv, 273.

Gulf of Mexico, accumulation of water in, supposed from the action of the Gulf Stream, v, 353.

Gulf Stream, cause of, v, 353.

— —, existence of, determined by B. Franklin, xlvii, 162.

— —, supposed connection of, with opposite currents on the coast of the United States, W. C. Redfield, xxxii, 349.

— —, extent of, xxxii, 350.

— —, ice of the north brought within the dissolving influence of, on the Newfoundland bank, W. C. Redfield, xxxii, 351.

— —, loss of vessels in, xx, 158.

— —, remarks on, M. F. Maury, xlvii, 161.

Gum, composition of, xxii, 350.

— ammoniacum, xx, 399.

Gun barrels, browning of, xxxiv, 45.

Gunpowder, A. Ure on the composition of, xx, 190.

—, experiments on, A. Mordecai, xlix, 180.

—, inflamed underwater, xxii, 354.

—, method of augmenting the force of, Geo. Gibbs, i, 87.

—, safe process for manufacturing, S. Guthrie, xxi, 292.

Guthrie, S., mode of obtaining chloric ether, xxi, 64; xxii, 105.

—, chemical products by, xxi, 92.

—, fulminating preparations, xxi, 288, 293.

—, gunpowder, safe process, xxi, 292.

—, molasses from the potato, xxi, 93.

—, sugar from potato starch, xxi, 284.

—, purification of turpentine, xxi, 291.

—, pure oil of turpentine, xxi, 93.

—, vaporization of mercury in the fumes of nitric ether, xxi, 90.

Gymnasium at New Haven, xiii, 385; xiv, 400.

Gymnastic science in France, x, 176.

Gymnastics in Switzerland, v, 191.

Gypsies, essay on, xxiv, 342.

— in America, xxvi, 189.

Gypsum, action of, as a manure, xxvi, 181.

—, experiments on the solidification of, J. P. Emmet, xxiii, 209.

—, fertilizing properties of, xxii, 350.

—, origin of, L. Vanuxem, xii, 92.

—, curved, mammoth cave, Ky., xlii, 206.^f

— of the basin of mines, Nova Scotia, xv, 146.

—, localities of, in New York, i, 243; iv, 36; v, 39, 40; xvi, 377; xxxvi, 38.

—, —, in Maryland, xxvii, 8.

—, —, in Ohio, iv, 51, 52; v, 39; vii, 48; xvi, 158.

—, —, in Canada, viii, 71.

—, —, in Michigan, vii, 47.

—, —, in Virginia, i, 62; iv, 52.

—, —, Prince Regent's Inlet, xvii, 10.

—, —, in Nova Scotia, xiv, 229; xv, 146.

—, —, in the Hartz, xix, 111.

—, —, in Sicily, viii, 204.

—, —, in Africa, iv, 33.

— and accompanying marine limestones, in Nova Scotia, age and position of, C. Lyell, xlv, 356.

Gyropodium coccineum, ix, 56.^f

H.

Hæmatoxylin, O. L. Erdman, xliv, 357.

Hail, formation of, xix, 396.

Hail storms, cause of, in warm weather, B. Hallowell, xv, 361.

— —, phenomena and causes of, D. Olmsted, xviii, 1.^f

— —, reply to A. T. Christie on, by D. Olmsted, xx, 373.

— —, A. T. Christie's views on, xx, 373.

— —, A. Jones, xxiii, 35.^f

—, —, remarks on, W. C. Redfield, xxxiii, 55.

—, — in Louisiana, W. M. Carpenter, xxvii, 171.

—, —, rods a protection against, x, 196.

Hail-rods, in France, x, 196; xii, 398.

— —, —, efficacy of, xiv, 37.

Haile, A. B., observations on the magnetic disturbance during an Aurora, Nov., 1837, xxxiv, 270.

Hailstones, structure of, xxiii, 36.^f

— at Clermont, France, large, xxxi, 191.

Haldeman, S. S., on the Melanians of Lamarck, xli, 21; xlii, 216.

—, notice of the zoological writings of the late C. S. Rafinesque, xlii, 280.

—, species of mollusca common to Europe and America, xlvii, 412.

Hale, M., geological notice of Troy, iii, 72.

Hall, F., notice of, xlvii, 139.

—, notes on a tour in France, Italy and Elba, xxxii, 74.

—, on some minerals from Palestine, ix, 337.

—, notice of oriental minerals, xxxiii, 249.

—, ores of iron and manganese in Vermont, iii, 57.

—, waterfall, in the Green Mts., and an excavation in the rocks, vi, 252.

Hall, James, on the crinoidea, xlv, 349.

—, fossils of U. States, general remarks on the distribution of, xlv, 157; xlvii, 117.

—, Paradoxides, species of, xxxiii, 139.^f

—, ripple marks and casts of furrows, xlv, 148.

—, sections at Portage, N. Y., xlv, 329.

—, shells, microscopic, from a marl slate, Cincinnati, xlviii, 292.

Hall, J., Western States, general account of geology of, xlii, 51.

Hall, John, on the staining of wood, and on medical electricity, iii, 166.

Hallowell, B., on the cause of hail in warm weather, xv, 361.

—, blue color of sky, twinkling of stars, and on the deception as to the number in view on a clear evening, xv, 360.

Halos, theory of, E. S. Snell, xlix, 73.^f

—, lunar, West Point, March 20, 1831, xx, 299.

—, solar, seen in N. York, at Cazenovia, J. W. Tyler, xxi, 189.

—, —, ibid, in Otsego Co., Feb. 1823, xx, 297.

—, —, ibid, at Kingston, R. H. Bonnycastle, xxx, 136.

—, —, ibid, at West Point, A. C. Twining, xxxii, 229.

—, —, ibid, New Lebanon, T. Kendall, vii, 337.^f

—, —, seen in Kentucky, August, 1825, xi, 325.^f

—, —, seen in Rhode Island, September, 1816, xi, 328.^f

—, —, seen in Tennessee, at Jackson, x, 368.^f

Hambato, S. America, account of, xxiv, 382.

Hamilton, J., on terrestrial magnetism, xxxvii, 100.

Hamilton, M., earthquakes of S. America, xli, 57.

Hammer, new mineralogical, E. Hitchcock, vii, 175.^f

Hansteen's journey in Siberia, notice of, xvii, 392.

Harden, J. M. B., formula for ascertaining the weight and volume in a mixture of two bodies, xxxvii, 289.

Hare, C., perchloric ether, xl, 50; xlii, 63.

—, on the destructive distillation of the sulphate of etherine, xxxvi, 77.

—, reaction of sulphuric acid with the essential oil of hemlock, xxxvii, 246.

Hare, R., acids and salts, remarks on the nature of, xxvii, 63, 67.

—, —, classes of, xxvii, 69.

—, air pump of a new construction, xxxiii, 237.^f

—, alkanet, as a substitute for litmus, v, 348.

—, ammonia, nitrate, on the preparing of pure, v, 348.

—, atoms, on the views of Faraday, respecting, xlviii, 247.

—, amphide salts, on the existence of radicals in, xlv, 52, 247.

—, barium, strontium and calcium, extrication of, xxxvii, 267; xxxviii, 115; xxxix, 362; xl, 293.^f

—, blasting rocks, by galvanic ignition, xxi, 139; xxvi, 352.^f; xxxviii, 188.

—, blowpipe, improved alcohol, vii, 110.^f

—, —, hydrostatic, xi, 135.^f

—, —, strictures on a publication entitled Clark's gas blowpipe, ii, 281.^f

—, —, oxy-hydrogen, fusion of a large amount of platina with, xxxiii, 195; xxxv, 328.

—, boron, process for evolving, xxii, 189; xxiv, 249.^f

—, calorimotor, i, 413.^f; v, 94.

—, —, for igniting platina in the galvano-ignition apparatus, xxxii, 284.^f

—, carbon, on the fusion of, in reply to L. Vanuxem, viii, 288; x, 111.

—, —, experiments on the fusion of, x, 118.

—, —, —, remarks on, xxxviii, 190.

—, carbonic acid, apparatus for exhibiting some of the properties of, xiv, 358.^f

—, carbonic oxide, apparatus for separating from carbonic acid, xxiv, 252.^f

—, chemical nomenclature, xxvii, 63; xxxii, 259.

—, ibid, in a letter to Berzelius, xlix, 249.

—, Chemistry, compendium of, noticed, xx, 95.

—, chlorine, explosive reaction of hydrogen with, under the sun's rays, xxix, 243.^f

—, —, apparatus for combustion of metals in, xiv, 354.^f

—, chlorohydric acid, preparation of, from the muriatic acid of commerce, xxxix, 371.

—, cold, apparatus for producing ebullition by, xxxiii, 248.^f

—, collapse of a reservoir, xxxiii, 242.^f

—, cryophorus, improved, xxxiii, 244.^f

—, cyanogen, analysis of, xv, 271.^f

—, deflagrator, galvanic, iv, 201; v, 94.^f

—, —, —, improved forms of, and powers, vii, 347^f; xl, 48.

—, deflagrating carburets, phosphurets, &c., in vacuo, mode of, xl, 303.^f

—, De Luc's column, on the construction of, xxv, 136.^f

—, on electricity, vii, 103.^f

—, —, on some inferences from the phenomena of the spark, in Thomson's work on heat and electricity, xxxii, 278.

—, —, on the causes of the diversity in the length of sparks erroneously distinguished by the terms positive and negative, xxxii, 275.^f

—, electrical brush, xxxii, 277.^f

—, electric induction, and letters to Faraday on, xxxviii, 1; xli, 1.

—, — —, M. Faraday in reply to, xxxix, 108; xlii, 291.

—, electrical machine, plate, vii, 108^f; (large) xxxii, 272.^f

—, — —, on the error that they must communicate with the earth, xxiv, 253.

—, electrometer, single leaf, vii, 351^f; viii, 99; xxv, 136.^f

—, —, modification of the single leaf, xxv, 136.^f

—, electrometer, use of, as an electric discriminator, xxv, 136.

—, electro-magnetic and galvanic experiments, viii, 145.

—, ether, hypo-nitro-acetic, xxxv, 329.

—, —, nitrous, new process for, ii, 326.^f

—, —, nitric, process for, xxxiii, 241.^f

—, —, sulphurous, xxxi, 275.

—, etherine, sulphate of, xxxi, 275.

—, eudiometer, a new, ii, 312^f; x, 67^f; xii, 36^f; xxxvii, 383.

—, —, barometer gage, xxxii, 280.^f

—, —, subsidiary, xv, 271.^f

—, eudiometry by means of nitric oxide, xv, 260.^f

—, freezing water by aid of sulphuric acid, apparatus for, xxvii, 132.^f

—, fulminating powder, consisting of cyanogen and calcium, process for, xxxvii, 268.

—, —, silver, injury to, from the explosion of, xxii, 185.

—, galvanic apparatus, new modifications of, iii, 105.^f

—, —, ignition of gunpowder, xxxvii, 269.

—, galvano-ignition apparatus, xxxii, 282.

—, —, ibid, see above, under blasting.

—, galvanism, new theory of, i, 413.^f

—, —, series, new, combining the advantages of the trough and deflagrator, xxxii, 265.^f

—, —, new rotatory multiplier, xxxviii, 339.^f

—, apparatus for regulating the supply of gas by its absorption, xiii, 2.^f

—, gases, a mode of obtaining the specific gravity of, xvi, 293, 295.^f

—, gaseous mixtures, analysis of, xv, 279, 283.

—, gasometers, mode of suspending, iv, 312.^f

—, glass, method of dividing by friction, xiii, 7.^f

—, heat, on the cause of, iv, 142.

—, —, capacities for, apparatus for illustrating, xiii, 6.^f

—, —, —, apparatus for showing an increase of, in air with relaxed pressure, xiii, 5.^f

—, —, reply to D. Olmsted, on the materiality of, xii, 50, 366; xiii, 8.

—, liquids, apparatus for transferring or decanting, xxvi, 358.^f

—, hydrometers, xi, 115.

—, hydrostatic blowpipe, xi, 135.^f

—, laboratory of, xix, 26.^f

—, laudanum, xii, 291.

—, light, means of producing, ii, 172.

—, lightning rods, xiii, 322.

—, litrameter, xi, 133.^f

—, meconic acid, mode of obtaining, xii, 293.

—, matter is heavy as demonstrated by W. Whewell, reply to, xiii, 260.

—, nitrogen, apparatus for obtaining, from the atmosphere, xiv, 356^f; xxviii, 263.^f

—, nitrous oxide, properties of, xvi, 298.

—, —, —, method of obtaining, xvi, 295, 297.^f

—, palm-glass, cold produced by, xiii, 4.^f

—, olefiant gas, on the analysis of, xv, 270.

—, opium, mode of detecting minute quantities of, xii, 290.

—, platina, on the fusion of, xxxiii, 195; xxxv, 328.

—, pneumatic cistern, xiv, 200^f; xxxiii, 246.^f

—, potassium, improved process for, xxxviii, 338.

—, phosphorus, combustion of, in nitrous oxide, xxxii, 290.^f

—, prussic acid, apparatus for the evolution of, xxix, 244.^f

—, sassarubrin, a resin, xxxi, 285.

—, silicon, mode of obtaining, xxii, 189; xl, 28.

—, —, apparatus for evolving from fluo-silicic acid, xxiv, 247.^f

—, silver, nitrate of, preparation of pure, v, 348.

—, on specific gravities, xi, 121.^f

—, storms of the Atlantic coast, v, 352.

—, —, on Redfield's theory of, xlii, 140; xliii, 122.

—, —, on Dové's essay on, xliv, 137; xlviii, 220.

—, —, replies of W. C. Redfield to, xlii, 299; xliii, 250^f; xliv, 384.

—, —, or tornado in R. Island, Aug. 1838, and others, xxxviii, 73.

—, —, tornado and water spout, causes of, xxxii, 153.^f

—, sulphurous acid, reaction of the essential oils with, xxxi, 281.

—, syphons, improved, xxiv, 317.^f

—, valve cock, xxiv, 251.^f

—, volumescope, description of, xv, 275^f; xxviii, 264.^f

—, —, application of, xv, 278.^f

—, volumeter, xii, 38.^f

—, water, apparatus for decomposition and recomposition of, xxxviii, 336.^f

—, Woulfe's apparatus, a substitute for, i, 410^f; xiii, 1.^f

Harlan, R., Arvicola ferrugineus, x, 285.

—, Batracian reptiles, new, with observations on the larvæ of frogs, x, 53.

—, bones from near the mouth of the Mississippi, xiv, 186.

—, lizards, orbicular, notice of, xxxi, 383.

—, mammalia, fossil, from the Brunswick canal, Georgia, xliii, 141.^f

—, mouse, new species of, xxxi, 385.

—, Orycterotherium, xlii, 392; xliv, 69.^f

—, Salamandra pennsylvanica, x, 286.

—, tortoise, freshwater, xxxi, 382.^f

—, Medical and Physical Researches of, noticed, xxx, 188.

—, new fossil mammalia of, R. Owen on, xliv, 341.

—, ibid, in reply to R. Owen, xlv, 208.

Harris, W. S., utility of lightning conductors on ships, xxi, 347.

—, meteorological observations at Plymouth, xliii, 369.

Harris, T. W., North American Sphinges, xxxvi, 282.

—, Report on Insects injurious to vegetation, noticed, xliii, 386.

Hariz, Europe, notices of, T. G. Clemson, xix, 105.^f

Haskins, R. W., examination of the theory of a resisting medium in space, xxxiii, 1.

—, Astronomy of, noticed, xli, 389.

Hassler, F. R., methods and plans of, in the survey of the coast of the United States, xvi, 225.

—, repeating theodolite, description of, C. Wilkes, U.S.N., xvi, 252.^f

Hats, manufacture of, x, 193.

Hawaii, see Sandwich Islands.

Hawkins' Saurian remains purchased, xxix, 367.

Hay, siliceous glass from burning, xix, 395; xxiv, 174.

Hayden, C. B., analysis of the Scott spring, Va., xliv, 409.

—, on the ice mountain of Hampshire Co., Va., xlv, 78.^f

—, on the rock-salt and salines of the Holston, Va., xliv, 173.

Hayden, H. H., Geological Essays of, noticed, iii, 47.

—, on the Bare Hills, near Baltimore, xxiv, 349.^f

—, notices of the geology of the country near Bedford springs, Pennsylvania, xix, 97.

Haydenite, description of, xlvi, 379.^f

—, analysis, by B. Silliman, Jr., xlvi, 380.

Hayes, A. A., chlorine, carbon and hydrogen, two new compounds of, xxii, 141.

—, chromium, combinations of, xiv, 136.

—, columbic acid, investigations on, xlvi, 166.

—, dewpoint, remarks on, xviii, 63.

—, hygrometer, portable, xvii, 351.^f

—, meteoric iron, Alabama, xlviii, 147.

—, microlite and pyrochlore, identity of, xliii, 33; xlvi, 158.

—, tin, action of metallic, on the muriate of, xxxviii, 408.

—, Tarapaca saline minerals, nitrates, iodates, borates, xxxviii, 410.

Hayes, G. E., geology of western New York, with remarks on the causes of its topographical features, xxxi, 241; xxxv, 86.^f

Hayes, J. L., on the geographical distribution and phenomena of volcanoes, xlvii, 127.

—, influence of icebergs upon drift, xlv, 316, 326.

Haymond, R., on remains of Megatherium and Mastodon, xlvi, 294.

Hazard, R. G., method of describing a hyperbola, xxi, 314.^f

Heat, absorption of, Nobili and Melloni on, xxiii, 188.

—, —, apparatus for illustrating, A. D. Bache, xxviii, 320.^f

—, animal, vii, 200.

—, —, influence of the nerves on, x, 390.

—, —, Nobili and Melloni's experiments on insects, &c., xxiii, 185.

— of different animals, x, 382.

—, capacity of gas for, iv, 372.

—, — of air, apparatus for illustrating, R. Hare, xiii, 5^f, 6.^f

—, cause of, R. Hare, iv, 142.

—, of combination, law of, Andrews, xlvi, 397.

—, conduction of, notice of Despretz's investigations, v, 378.

—, —, laws of, Kelland, xlii, 161.

—, —, by water, C. Dewey, xxviii, 151.

—, connection of, with electricity and magnetism, J. F. Dana, vi, 163.

—, diathermancy of rock salt, Melloni, xl, 313.

—, of the earth, iv, 372.

—, —, at different depths, xxiii, 14; xxxvii, 357.

—, —, rate of increase downward, A. De la Rive and F. Marcet, xxvii, 397.

—, —, ibid, L. Cordier, xv, 116.

—, —, detailed analysis of, L. Cordier's essay upon, xv, 109.

—, —, criticism of Poisson's view, J. D. Forbes, xl, 319.

—, —, G. Bischof, xxxvii, 52.

—, —, W. Whewell, xxix, 349.

—, —, and of space, Baron Fourier, xxxii, 1.

—, —, effects of internal and solar, on the temperature of the globe, xxxii, 1.

—, —, in mines, R. W. Fox, xxxiv, 46.

—, effect of, on magnetism, C. Matteucci, xxii, 361.

—, — of long continued, on minerals, experiment to determine, W. V. Harcourt, xxix, 357.

—, — of, on some minerals or rocks in New York, L. C. Beck, xlv, 143; xlvi, 333.

—, moon's, xl, 315.

—, Nobili and Melloni's experiments on, xxiii, 185; xl, 313.

—, polarization of, xxviii, 366, 397.

—, polarized, and on his claims to the discovery of, J. D. Forbes, xl, 317.

—, production of, and of light, J. L. Sullivan, i, 91.

—, —, from combustion, x, 382.

—, —, by compression of glass, xx, 180.

—, —, by friction, cause of, J. T. Watson, viii, 276.

—, —, by combination with oxygen, different for different substances, and amount of, xv, 392.

—, radiated, influence of color on, A. D. Bache, xxx, 16; xxxiv, 39.

—, —, transmission and refraction of, Melloni, xxvii, 228; xl, 313.

—, — —, J. D. Forbes, xl, 315;

refraction of, xxviii, 366.

—, radiation of, apparatus for illustrating, A. D. Bache, xxviii, 320.^f

—, —, Powell's report on, noticed, xl, 313.

—, of space, W. Whewell, xxix, 349.

—, —, Baron Fourier, xxxii, 1.

—, specific, of gases, some of the laws of, xiii, 394.

—, —, of certain solids, method of determining and calculating, W. R. Johnson, xxvii, 267.

—, sun's, W. Whewell, xxix, 349.

—, general views on, x, 78.

— at the bottom of the ocean not necessarily diffused by upward currents, W. C. Redfield, xlv, 138.

— and light, S. Morey, ii, 118, 122.

— and vapor, inquiries respecting, W. R. Johnson, xxi, 304.

—, see further under Meteorology and Temperature.

Heated waters, an agent in producing metamorphic changes, J. D. Dana, xlv, 104.

Heating houses by furnaces below, some important precautions, xxxiv, 84.

Heavy spar, of Berlin, Ct., analysis of, G. T. Bowen, iv, 325.

—, localities of, in Canada, viii, 72.

—, —, in Carolina, iii, 4; v, 257.

—, —, in Connecticut, i, 240; ii, 373; iv, 325; v, 40, 42.^f, 254; vi, 211.

—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 115; vi, 211.

—, —, in New Jersey, xxxvi, 103.

—, —, in New York, i, 237; ii, 173, 368; v, 28; vii, 56; viii, 249; xxv, 346; xxvii, 364; xxviii, 175.

—, —, in Tennessee, i, 63.

—, —, in Virginia, i, 63.

—, —, in Sicily, viii, 205.

Hebrew words, orthography of, J. W. Gibbs, xxiv, 87.

Heckewelder, John, labors of, xxxi, 64, 66.

Height, on the measurement of, by boiling water, xxxvii, 19.

—, mean, of the continents above the sea, xlix, 397.

— of Lake Erie and various places in western New York, C. Dewey, xxxiii, 122.

— of places in Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania and New York, C. Whittlesey, xlv, 12.

— — in Wisconsin, I. A. Lapham, xlvi, 258.

Hematite, see Iron Ore.

Hemlock, reaction of sulphuric with the essential oil of, xxxvii, 246.

Hemming's safety tube, J. W. Webster, xxxvii, 104.

Hemorrhage, remedy for, v, 409.

Hemp, Manilla, account of, xli, 200.^f

Hemprich and Ehrenberg, notice of journey by, in Northern Africa, vii, 195.

Henry, J., electro-dynamic induction, xxxviii, 209^f; xli, 117.^f

—, large, xix, 408.^f

—, electro-magnetic experiments, by, xxii, 403.

—, — apparatus, application of galvanic multiplier to, xix, 400.^f

—, — —, remarks in confirmation of, J. W. Webster and R. Hare, xx, 143.

—, magnetism, production of currents of electricity and sparks from, xxii, 403.

—, magnetic attraction and repulsion, reciprocating motion of, xx, 340.^f

—, — needle, disturbance during an Aurora, xxii, 143.

—, soap-bubble, experiments with, on molecular attraction, xlviii, 215.

—, spark from a long conductor in a galvanic battery, xxviii, 327.

—, spiral conductor, action of, xxviii, 329.

Henry, W., on the disinfecting powers of increased temperatures, xxi, 392; xxii, 111.^f

—, philosophical character of Priestley, xxiv, 28.

Hentz, N. M., on North American spiders, xxi, 99.^f

—, a new sub-genus of spiders, xli, 116.^f

Hepatic blende, xlii, 387.

Herbaria, European, notices of, xl, 1.

Herculaneum manuscripts, ii, 340.

Herrick, E. C., Argulus catostomi, description of, xxxi, 297.^f

—, Aurora Borealis, in summer, with abstract of Huxham's auroral register, xxxiii, 297.

—, — —, February, 1837, xxxii, 396.

—, — —, July, 1837, xxxiii, 144.

—, — —, ibid, needle agitated during, xxxiii, 146.

—, — —, Nov. 14, 1837, influence of, on the magnetic needle, xxxiv, 270.

—, — —, of Sept. 1839, xxxviii, 260.

—, — —, April, 1842, xliii, 213.

—, — —, August, 1844, New Haven, xlviii, 319.

—, — —, belt of May, 1840, xxxix, 194, 383.

—, great comet of 1843, xliv, 412; xlv, 191, 229.

—, elm tree moth, parasite of the eggs of, xxxviii, 385; xl, 211.

—, Hessian fly and its parasites, xli, 153.

—, meteorite of Missouri, xxxvii, 385.

—, meteor of Dec. 14, 1837, xxxvii, 130.

—, Weston meteorite, Dec. 1807, xxxvii, 132.

—, shooting stars, facts showing the probable annual occurrence in August, xxxiii, 177, 354, 401.

—, — —, probable periods of showers, in October, June, January, February, July, September, xxxv, 366.

—, — —, April and November showers, cycle of, xl, 365.

—, — —, August showers, characteristics of, xxxiii, 359.

—, — —, nature, motions, numbers of, xxxiii, 360.

—, — —, theory of, xxxiii, 363; xxxv, 367.

—, — —, contributions towards a history of the showers, of former times, xl, 349; (errata) xlviii, 319.

—, — —, of April, 1095, 1122 and 1803, xxxvi, 358, 361.

—, — —, of June, various instances of showers in former times, xlii, 201.

—, — —, of January, 1825, 1838 and 1839, xxxix, 334.

—, — —, of August, 1837, xxxiii, 176; xxxiv, 180.

—, — —, of April, 1838, xxxiv, 398.

—, — —, of August, 1838, xxxv, 167.

—, — —, of December, 1838, xxxv, 361; xxxvi, 355; xlii, 398.

—, — —, of April, 1839, xxxvi, 361.

—, — —, of August, 1839, xxxvii, 325.

—, — —, of August, 1840, xxxix, 328; xl, 201.

—, — —, of October and December, 1840, xl, 203.

—, — —, of April, 1841, xlii, 397.

—, — —, of August, 1841, xli, 399; xlii, 202.

—, — —, of April, 1842, xliii, 212.

—, — —, of August, 1842, xliii, 377; xliv, 208.

—, — —, of November, 1842, xliv, 209.

—, — —, of December, 1842, xliv, 210.

—, — —, of April, 1843, xlv, 230.

—, — —, of August, 1844, xlviii, 316.

Herring, the mode of curing of, when discovered, xx, 183.

Herschel, J. F. W., astronomical observations at the Cape of Good Hope, xxxv, 283.

—, remarkable phenomena of Halley's comet, xxxv, 285.

—, photographic process by which dormant pictures are made that may be developed by the breath, xlvi, 393.

—, on meteoric iron from South Africa, xxxvi, 213.

Hessian fly, some account of, J. E. Muse, xxii, 71.

—, observations on, M. H. Morris, xl, 381.

—, account of, E. C. Herrick, xli, 153.

Heterosite, analysis of, xix, 371.

Heulandite of Paterson and Bound Brook, N.J., L. C. Beck, xliv, 59.^f

—, locality in New Jersey, xliv, 59.

—, — in Nova Scotia, xxx, 345, 349.

—, Beaumontite and Lincolnite identical with, F. Alger, xlvi, 233.^f

Heuvel, J. C. vanden, on the honey bees of America, iii, 79.

Hewitson, W., notice of a work on Oology, by, xxxvii, 166.

Hibbert, S., on the fresh water limestone of Burdie House, near Edinburgh, xxviii, 365.

Hieroglyphical investigations, T. Young, xxii, 245.

Highlands of New York and New Jersey, geology and mineralogy of, v. 26.

Hildreth, S. P., on the Cicada Septemdecem, or seventeen year locust, xviii, 47.^f

—, meteorological register and calendar, with various memoranda, for 1828, at Marietta, Ohio, xvi, 44.

—, ibid, for 1829, xviii, 368.

—, ibid, for 1830, xx, 126.

—, ibid, for 1831, xxii, 109.

—, ibid, for 1832, xxiv, 132.

—, ibid, for 1833, xxvi, 84.

—, ibid, for 1834, xxviii, 160.

—, ibid, for 1835, xxx, 56.

—, ibid, for 1836, xxxii, 95.

—, ibid, for 1837, xxxiv, 132.

—, ibid, for 1838, xxxvi, 78.

—, ibid, for 1839, xxxviii, 273.

—, ibid, for 1840, xl, 345.

—, ibid, for 1841, xlii, 344.

—, ibid, for 1842, xliv, 347.

—, ibid, for 1843, xlvi, 277.

—, ibid, for 1844, xlviii, 287.

—, Ohio, notes on, x, 152, 319; xi, 231.

—, —, ten days in, xxv, 217.

—, —, miscellaneous observations, on a tour to the falls of the Cuyahoga, in 1835, xxxi, 1.^f

—, —, miscellaneous notices of rocks and minerals, xvi, 154.

—, —, flight of pigeons, xxiv, 134.

—, —, climate and productions of Washington Co., xii, 206.

—, —, disease among shell fish, xxxii, 97.

—, —, geology of parts of, x, 1.

—, —, coal of, xiii, 38.

—, —, fossil trees near Gallipolis, xii, 205.

—, — valley, on the coal deposits and accompanying organic remains of, xxix, 1.^f

—, — —, saliferous rock formation, xxiv, 46.

—, —, shells of some rivers, xiv, 276.^f

—, —, report on, noticed, xxxii, 190; xxxiv, 196, 350.

—, Pennsylvania, bituminous coal of, xxix, 77.

—, Tennessee, coal measures of, xxix, 141.

—, the West, lias of, xxx, 395.

Himalaya Mountains, height of, v, 384; ix, 384.

—, quadruped fossil remains, xxxiii, 103, 211.

Hitchcock, E., Botrychium simplex, a new species of fern, vi, 103.^f

—, coal in Massachusetts, xxii, 41; xxxvi, 377.

—, drift, in the U. States, xli, 248; xlv, 331.

—, —, influence of ice in, xlv, 324.

—, —, on the glacier theory, xliii, 396.

—, —, singular case of, in Berkshire Co., Mass., xlvii, 132; xlix, 258.^f

—, —, copper in, Massachusetts, xlv, 331.

—, Fasciculite, vi, 226.^f

—, Flinders' large birds' nests in New Holland, xlvii, 217; xlviii, 61.

—, frost, disruption of the ground by, i, 286.^f

—, fossil fish, in the Connecticut valley, iii, 222, 365; vi, 76.^f

—, fossil vertebral remains in the Connecticut valley sandstone, xxix, 330.

—, — footprints, description of, (ornithichnology) xxix, 307.^f

—, — — in Connecticut, xxxi, 174.

—, — — of Connecticut valley, Report of Committee on, xli, 165.

—, — —, general review of, xxxii, 174; xlvii, 113, 292.^f

—, — —, miscellaneous notices of, xlviii, 61.

—, — —, reply to J. Deane on the discovery of, xlvii, 390.

—, geology and mineralogy of Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Vermont, i, 105.^f

—, —, of the regions about the Connecticut, with a map, vi, 1^f, 201^f; vii, 1.^f

—, — of Massachusetts, report on, with a map, xxii, 1.

—, — —, Report noticed, xxiii, 389; xxvi, 213; xxxvi, 363; xli, 384.

—, — —, economical review of, xxxvi, 363.

—, — of Connecticut valley sandstone, xxix, 329.

—, — —, trap tufa or volcanic grit, xlvii, 103.

—, — U. States, general review of, xli, 239.

—, —, historical notice of State surveys, xli, 235.

—, Geological Association, address before, xli, 232.

—, Gyropodium coccineum, physiology of, ix, 56.^f

—, Lincolnite, xlvii, 416; xlviii, 64.

—, longitude, on F. Baily's method of determining, ix, 107.

—, hammer, new mineralogical, vii, 175.^f

—, meteors of Nov. 13, 1833, xxv, 354

–their connection with the Aurora Borealis, 357.

—, —, on a supposed gelatinous, of Amherst, xxv, 362.

—, tin ore, at Goshen, Mass., xvi, 188.

—, topaz at Goshen, ix, 180.

—, wines from Palestine, analysis of, xlvi, 249.

—, yttrocerite in Massachusetts, xlv, 331.

Hodge, J. T., on the secondary and tertiary formations of the Southern Atlantic, xli, 332.

—, on the Wisconsin and Missouri lead region, xliii, 35.^f

Hodgkinson, E., on the strength of stones and other materials, xliv, 168.

Hoffman, F., obituary notice of, xxxiii, 76.

Hog, curious instinct of, iv, 309.

Holcomb's manufacture of telescopes, xxiii, 403.

Holmesite, T. Thomson, xxxi, 172.

Holyoke, Mt., scenery of, vii, 5.

—, geological structure of, vi, 53.

Homer's Iliad, notice of a copy of, of the fourth century, ii, 343.

Hones, stone for, at Lake Memphremagog, v, 406.

—, —, in Massachusetts, xxii, 34.

Hone-slate of N. Carolina, xiv, 238.

Hooker, W. J., on the Botany of America, ix, 263.

Hop, chemical examination of, A. W. Ives, ii, 302.

Hops, analysis of, vi, 393.

—, lupuline from, xii, 388.

Hopkins, M., on mystery, xiii, 217.

Hopkins, on the geological phenomena of elevation, xxxi, 365.

—, views on dislocations and fractures of the earth's surface, xxxiii, 83.

Horns, manufactured articles from, xx, 394.

Hornblende, localities of, in Connecticut, x, 14.

—, —, in Massachusetts, vi, 226.

—, —, in New Hampshire, vi, 245; xviii, 129.

—, —, in New Jersey, v, 246; ix, 245.

—, —, in New York, ix, 40, 41, 251; xix, 226; xxi, 324.^f

—, —, in Pennsylvania, xiv, 4, 17.

—, —, in R. Island, iv, 285.

— rocks, of western Massachusetts, viii, 9.

— slate, of the Connecticut valley, vi, 20.

Horse, anecdote of, xlvi, 243.

—, a Filaria in the eye of, xxxix, 278.^f

—, fed with bread in Silesia, xi, 397.

—, fossil bones of, in Louisiana, W. M. Carpenter, xxxiv, 201.^f

—, power of, xxi, 167.

Horse latitudes, xxxiii, 64.

Horticultural experiments, J. T. Plummer, xl, 197.

Horticulture, propagation of fruit trees and vines, xxvii, 288.

Hospital of Mt. St. Bernard, v, 393.

Hospitals in France, v, 191.

—, foundling, in Europe, xvii, 393.

Hot blast, in the manufacture of iron, T. Clark, xxxi, 180.

— —, saving by, xxviii, 71.

— springs or baths, see Springs.

Hough, H.G., inquiries into the principles of liquid attraction, xvii, 86.^f

Houghton, D., geology of Michigan, xxxiv, 190.

—, mining region of Michigan, xli, 183.

Houses, improvements in laying out grounds, arranging and building, &c., E. Lord, xxv, 304.

—, double doors and double windows for, xxv, 294.

—, mode of heating, xxv, 295.

—, on securing from fire, Lord Mahon's experiments, xxv, 290, 298; xxvi, 286.

—, ibid, D. Hartley's experiments, xxv, 300.

—, mode of supplying cisterns with water for extinguishing fires, xxv, 301; xxvi, 293.

Houstonia, notice of species of, x, 262, 263.

Howard, W., description of a differential thermometer, ii, 327.^f

—, on the stopping of astronomical clocks, viii, 277.

Howe, S. G., notices of ancient and modern Greece, xviii, 250.

Howell, S., on the shad fisheries of the Delaware, xxxii, 134.

Huaco, an Indian remedy for the hydrophobia, W. R. Johnson, xxiv, 279, 388.

—, L. Feuchtwanger, xxii, 182.

Hubbard, O. P., chemical examination of the bituminous coal of Chesterfield Co., Va., xlii, 369.

—, geological and mineralogical notices, xxxii, 230.^f

—, calcareous rocks at Boonville, N. Y., xxxii, 230.

—, — —, ibid, rhomboidal structure in, xxxii, 232.^f

—, boulders at Boonville, xxxii, 233.

—, locality of crystallized calc spar, Boonville, N. Y., xxxii, 234.

—, — of green coccolite and tabular spar, at Boonville, N. Y., xiii, 198; xxxii, 234.

—, on the removal of carbonic acid from wells, xxxviii, 206; xlii, 165.

—, spontaneous combustion in wood ashes, xlii, 165.

—, geological observations on an excursion to the White Mts., numerous trap dykes, minerals, granite veins, &c., xxxiv, 105.^f

—, Third Geological Report of New York, notice of, xxxix, 95.

—, Geological Reports of Ohio, Indiana and Michigan, noticed by, xl, 126.

Huber, F., life and writings of, xxiii, 117.

Hudson river, northern sources of, W. C. Redfield, xxxiii, 301.^f

— —, fish of, xx, 151.

— bay, rocks and country in the vicinity of, xvii, 11.

Hudson's series of investigations with the barometer, xxiv, 393.

Hudsonite, L. C. Beck, xlvi, 32.

Human bones, fossil, v, 171.

— —, of the præ-historic world, in S. America, xliv, 277.

— skeleton, fossil, of Guadaloupe, skull of, J. Moultrie, xxxii, 361.

— footprints of the Mississippi valley, in limestone, v, 223^f; xxxiii, 398.

— —, ibid, in limestone, D. D. Owen, xliii, 14.^f

— —, ibid, W. A. Adams, xliv, 200.

— race, stature of, J. G. St. Hilaire, xxii, 357.

— —, law of increase in stature, Quetelet, xxii, 376.

— —, varieties of, xiv, 372.

— —, singular variety of, in Peru and Bolivia, xxviii, 78.

Humboldt, A., expedition to Siberia, xvii, 405.

—, on the invention of the mariner's compass, xl, 242.

—, mean height of the continents above the sea, xlix, 397.

Humboldtilite, xi, 251.^f

Humboldtine, v, 193.

Hume, Sir Abraham, notice of, xxxvii, 118.

Hungary, observations on Beudant's geological travels in, vii, 256.

—, tribe of Scotacks in, v, 384.

Hunt, R., on the chromatype, xlvi, 396.

—, influence of light on the germination of seeds, xliv, 352.

—, influence of light on the growth of plants, xliv, 352; xlvi, 397.

—, influence of ferro-cyanate of potash on iodide of silver, xlii, 317.

Huraulite, analysis of, xix, 371.

Huronite, xxx, 241.

Huron race of Indians, S. G. Morton, xxxviii, 368.^f

Hurricane, see Wind.

Hutton's table of products, errors in, xliii, 116.

Huxham's Auroral Register, xxxiii, 297.

Hyalite, in Florida, xxv, 165.

—, at West Point, N. Y., xxxii, 87.

Hybernation, I. Lea, ix, 75.

—, S. Woodruff, xxiv, 363.

Hydrargillite, C. Dewey, iii, 239.

Hydrate of magnesia, from Shetland, vii, 365.

Hydraulic cement in N. York State, xxxvi, 45.

— limestones of N. York, xxxix, 96; xlvi, 29.

— — in the Appalachian chain, xxxvii, 381.

— —, magnesian character of, xxxvii, 381.

— machine, new, ii, 345.

— ram, new, iii, 381.

— volcano, xxii, 358.

Hydriodic acid, preparation of, xvi, 383; xlvii, 192.

Hydroboracite, analysis of, xxviii, 394.

Hydrobromic acid, xlvii, 192.

Hydro-carbo-sulphuric acid, how prepared, vii, 187.

Hydrochloric acid, notice of experiments with reference to, Macaire and De la Rive, xi, 393.

— —, mode of preparing pure, from muriatic acid of commerce, R. Hare, xxxix, 371.

— —, fumigation with, at Plattsburgh, in 1819, viii, 200.

— —, condensation of, M. Faraday, vii, 357.

Hydrocyanic acid, F. Magendie on, ii, 81.

— —, memoir on, B. L. Oliver, iii, 182.

— —, —, Orfila, xviii, 157.

— —, effect of muriatic and sulphuric acids on, xviii, 146.

— —, apparatus for the evolution of, R. Hare, xxix, 244.^f

— —, extraordinary production of, A. A. Hayes, xviii, 201.

— —, preservation of, xvi, 260.

— —, cases in which administered, ii, 83; iii, 187.

— —, efficacy in asthma, vi, 366.

— —, effects on a horse, xii, 385.

— —, effects of, on vegetation, x, 190.

— —, chlorine, an antidote for, xvii, 174; xxi, 157.

Hydrogen, combustion of, under pressure, xxii, 352.

—, —, in water, being a new application of Hare's blowpipe, v, 347.

—, mixed with oxygen, effect of breathing, viii, 375.

—, a new carburetted, xxx, 180.

—, gas apparatus, vii, 392.

—, self regulating reservoir for, R. Hare, xi, 140.^f

—, peroxyd of, action of, xvii, 34.

—, and chlorine, iii, 341.

Hydromagnesite of Hoboken, Wachtmeister, analysis of, xviii, 167.

Hydrometers, opinion on, R. Hare, xi, 115.

Hydrophobia, remarks on, ii, 359; iv, 385; v, 177; xvii, 204.

—, singular case of, xvii, 205.

—, account of cases of deaths by, xxiii, 143.

—, cured, x, 385.

—, —, by means of mercurial ointment, xix, 204.

—, —, by Huaco, an Indian remedy, W. R. Johnson, xxiv, 279.

Hydrosilicite, xv, 388.

Hydrostatic balance, xix, 185.

—, press, xix, 185.

Hydrous anthophyllite of N. York, T. Thomson, xix, 359.

Hydroxanthic acid, vii, 376.

Hygrometer, Daniell's, remarks on, E. Loomis, xlvii, 19; xlix, 277.

—, portable, A. A. Hayes, xvii, 351.^f

Hygrometric Register at Western Reserve College, E. Loomis, Sept.-Nov. 1838, xxxvi, 166;

–1838-1840, xli, 315;

–1841-44 xlix, 271.

— —, at Hudson, Ohio, compared with those at Greenwich, E. Loomis, xlix, 276.

— observations, mean of, at Malvern, in Worcestershire, xxxviii, 102.

— —, at Matanzas, A. Mallory, xxxi, 287.

— —, at New Orleans, Barton, xxxi, 400.

—, see farther under Meteorology.

Hygrometry, a method of experimenting in, x, 387.

Hyperbola, method of describing, R. G. Hazard, xxi, 314.^f

Hypersthene of N. York, analysis of, L. C. Beck, xlvi, 35.

—, in Massachusetts, iv, 55.

Hyssopus anisatus, iv, 65.

I.

Ice, artificial preparation of, xviii, 145.

—, evaporation of, xvi, 390.

—, formation of, in still water, iii, 179.

—, —, at the bottom of rivers, H. W. Sheffey, xxxvi, 186.

—, —, ibid, T. Stratton, xl, 407.

—, —, sparks given out during, xxvi, 178.

— in a well, xxxvi, 184.

— of the sea, characters of, and remarks on, v, 131.

—, Greenland, i, 101.

— of the Alps, J. D. Forbes, xlvi, 173;

–veined structure and motion consequence of its viscous condition, xlvi, 174, 175.

Icebergs, remarks on, v, 131.

—, formation of, C. Wilkes, xlvii, 114.

—, J. P. Couthouy, xliii, 154.

—, character of, and facts concerning, J. L. Hayes, xlv, 316.

— and currents of the North Atlantic, W. C. Redfield, xlviii, 373.^f

— in low latitudes, xxii, 200.

—, theory of drift, see Drift.

Ice houses, natural, iv, 174.

— —, —, in Salisbury, Ct., viii, 254.

— —, —, near Williamstown, Mass., iv, 331; v, 398.

— —, —, of St. Ouen, xii, 184.

Ice mountain of Hampshire Co., Va., C. B. Hayden, xlv, 78.^f

— — in Vermont, S. P. Lathrop, xlvi, 331.

— water, drinking of, xv, 194.

Iceland, notice of, xvii, 15.

—, geysers, springs, &c. of, E. Robert, xxxi, 167; xxxii, 196.

—, —, remarks on, G. Bischof, xxxvi, 255.

Ichnolithology, see Footprints.

Ichthyolites, see Fish.

Ichthyosaurus, largest, found by Mary Anning, xxviii, 369.

—, in U. States, xxvii, 353.

— at Strensham, England, xxxviii, 126.

Ichthyosauri, T. Hawkins, xxvii, 413.

Iconography, xxxiii, 184.

Ideler, J. L., views of, on meteorites, shooting stars and Auroras, xxviii, 288.

Idocrase, analysis of, T. Richardson, xxxviii, 120.

—, of Skye, xxviii, 395.

—, American, first detected, W. Meade, vii, 50.

—, crystal, from Amherst, N. H., xlvi, 381.^f

—, in Connecticut, ix, 44.

—, in Massachusetts, viii, 44; x, 11.

—, in N. York, xvii, 145; xxi, 327; xlvi, 35.

—, in Rhode Island, viii, 230.

Idria quicksilver mines, xxix, 219.

Igneous action, as indicated by certain minerals in New York, L. C. Beck, xlvi, 333.

— origin of some trap rocks, B. Silliman, xvii, 119.

— — ibid, T. Cooper, iv, 205.

— theory of the earth, remarks on, W. Maclure, xvi, 351.

— — —, as connected with the secular variation of the magnetic needle, J. H. Lathrop, xxxviii, 68.

— — —, applications of, ibid, xxxix, 90.

Ignis fatuus, observations on, J. Mitchell, xvi, 246.

Iguanodon, bones of, in Mantell's Museum, xxiii, 165.

—, discovery of, xxvii, 355.^f

—, Maidstone, xxvii, 420.

Ilicine, in fevers, xxii, 349.

Ilex laurifolia, v, 289.

Illinois, geology of Upper, C. U. Shepard, xxxiv, 134.^f

—, —, ibid, coal formation, xxxiv, 142.^f

—, Lake shore near Chicago, xxxiv, 134.

—, route, expense, &c., of the Michigan and Illinois canal, xxxiv, 138.

—, mineral and brine springs, xxxiv, 157.

Ilmenite, (Crichtonite,) localities of, in Connecticut, xii, 161, 170; xxxv, 179; xliii, 364.^f

—, in Pennsylvania, xiv, 6, 7.

—, in Rhode Island, xxxv, 180.

Impression in marble near Philadelphia, notice of, J. B. Browne, xix, 361.^f

Incas, dominion of, xxxviii, 365.

Inclined planes, on, J. Thomson, xxiii, 107.

Indelible coloring, xxiv, 373.

—, ink, see Ink.

India, culture of cotton in, attempted, xl, 40.

India rubber carpets, xxvi, 191.

Indian attacks on Wheeling, xxxi, 3.

— axe of hornblende rock, xliii, 31.^f

— cemetery, Ohio, S. P. Hildreth, xxxi, 69.

— corn, origin of, xix, 186.

— —, oil of, xliii, 403.

— mounds of the West, xxii, 124.

— —, crania, &c., Dr. Warren, xxxiv, 47.

— —, and earthworks in the form of animal effigies, R. C. Taylor, xxxiv, 88.^f

— —, and other remains in Iowa and Wisconsin, S. Taylor, xliv, 21.^f

— —, Col. Whittlesey, xxxiv, 361.

— —, and relics, near Natchez, C. G. Forshey, xl, 376.

— —, in Louisiana, C. G. Forshey, xlix, 38.^f

— —, in Indiana, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 313.

— mummies and remains in the caves of Tennessee, xxii, 124.

— remains, skeleton, &c., xxxiv, 47.

— races of America, characteristics of, S. G. Morton, xxxviii, 347; xlvii, 408.

— —, ancient Peruvian, xxxviii, 360.^f

— —, Araucanian, xxxviii, 368.^f

— —, Huron, xxxviii, 368.^f

— —, remarks on, R. C. Taylor, xxxiv, 88.

— sepulchre and remains, xxxi, 8.^f

— summer, remarks on, xviii, 66.

— —, remarks on, L. Foot, xxx, 8.

— —, essay on, xxvii, 140.

— utensil, ancient, W. R. Johnson, xxiii, 65.^f

— words in the English language, J. W. Gibbs, xli, 28.

— —, names of beasts, birds and insects, origin of, J. W. Gibbs, xli, 39.

Indians, Esquimaux, remarks on, xvi, 145.

—, Seminole, ix, 132.

—, adventure of Lewis Wetzel among, xxxi, 14.

—, murder of Logan's family by, xxxi, 11.

Indiana, sketch of the geology and mineralogy of, W. B. Stilson, i, 131.

—, ibid, cave near Corydon, containing Epsom salts, i, 133.

—, geological report on, by D. D. Owen, noticed, xxxiv, 193; xl, 133.

—, suburban geology of Richmond, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 281.^f

—, pisolitic rocks, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 283.^f

—, phosphate of iron, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 287.

—, fossil including fossil fuci, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 290.^f

—, ancient wood and stumps of trees, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 302.

—, boulders in, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 303.

—, magnesia in the water of, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 307.

—, soil of, J. T. Plummer, xl, 198; xliv, 310.

—, mounds of, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 313.

Indigo, J. Dalton's mode of testing the value of, ix, 385.

—, analysis of, xviii, 241.

—, mode of assaying, S. L. Dana, xlii, 320.

—, on the manufacture of, in the U. States, W. Partridge, xviii, 237.

Induction, electrical, see Electrical.

Inertia, remarks on, Z., xiv, 50.

Infinites, on, I. Orr, v, 326.

Infusoria, Turpin, on siliceous, xxxii, 400.

—, C. G. Ehrenherg's discoveries in relation to fossil and recent, xxxiii, 111; xxxv, 371^f; xxxvii, 116.

—, —, in volcanic rocks, xlix, 397.

—, —, in argillaceous formation, at Berlin, xlii, 388.

—, —, conclusions on, xxxviii, 405; xlvii, 208.

—, C. G. Ehrenberg, on American, xliii, 393; xlvi, 297.

—, —, near Richmond, Virginia, xlvi, 300.

—, —, Maryland and Virginia, xlviii, 201.

—, —, near West Point, New York, xlvi, 302; xxxix, 191.

—, J. W. Bailey, in peat earth, West Point, xxxv, 118.^f

—, —, from Oregon, Bermudas, Virginia and Maryland, catalogue of, xlviii, 321.^f

—, —, Connecticut, New Haven harbor, xlviii, 337.^f

—, —, S. Carolina, Charleston harbor, xlviii, 338.^f

—, —, Virginia, xli, 214; xlv, 313; xlvi, 137^f; xlviii, 330.^f

—, —, Nova Scotia, xlviii, 339.

—, —, with bones of Mastodon, xlviii, 339.

—, —, of the family Baccillaria, xli, 284^f; xlii, 88^f; xliii, 321^f;

–localities, xliii, 328, 329.

—, E. Hitchcock, remarks on the discoveries of, xli, 258.

—, W. B. Rogers, stratum of, near Richmond, Virginia, xlv, 313; xlvi, 141.

Infusorial vegetable remains in England, J. E. Bowman, xl, 174.

Injection, venous, improved instrument for, xxiii, 114.^f

Ink, antediluvian, J. T. Plummer, xliv, 287.

—, black writing, improvement in, J. Bostoch, xx, 195.

—, receipt for, xxx, 169.

—, made with chesnut bark, ix, 202.

—, India, substitute for, xxvi, 189.

—, indelible, xxiii, 201.

—, —, composition of, Traill, xxxvi, 209.

—, —, H. Braconnot's, xvii, 172, 371.

—, —, stain from, discharged by corrosive sublimate, xxvi, 392.

—, sympathetic, xviii, 148.

Inking machine, Wood's, xxiii, 103.^f

Insanity, B. W. Dwight's cases of, i, 431.

—, connection of civilization with, xxii, 379.

Insects, circulation in, xxx, 186.

—, miscellaneous observations on, J. T. Plummer, xl, 146.

—, a means of protecting trees from, x, 204.

—, method of destroying, xxxiii, 273.

—, on the preservation of, T. Roger, xix, 213.

—, produced, as supposed, by galvanism, A. Crosse, xxxii, 374^f; xxxv, 125.^f

—, ibid, W. H. Weekes, xliii, 395.

—, not produced by galvanism, xxxiii, 272; xlix, 227.

Inspiration of inflammable gas, xiv, 370.

Institute, Albany, transactions of, noticed, xvii, 208, 415; xix, 173, 360.

—, Mechanic's, New York, notice of proceedings, xxxi, 415.

—, National, a society established at Washington, xli, 203.

Interest, new mode of computing, G. R. Perkins, xlvii, 51.

Interference of light, new case of, Powell, xxxviii, 107.

— —, apparatus for experiments on, E. S. Snell, xlix, 26.^f

Iodate of soda, iodate of magnesia, and a borate, &c., Tarapaca, A. A. Hayes, xxxviii, 410; xxxix, 378; xliv, 6.

Iodic acid, crystallization of, xx, 185.

—, action of, with morphine, xx, 184.

— —, combinations of, with vegetable alkalies, xix, 371.

— —, preparation of, xxviii, 136.

Iodide of azote, preparation of, Serullas, xviii, 154.

— of calcium and potassium, xvii, 177.

— of lead, decomposition of, xv, 188.

Iodine, iii, 386.

—, acidification of, by nitric acid, xxi, 376.

—, atomic weight of, J. J. Berzelius, xix, 383.

—, crystallization of, xvii, 168.

—, —, W. W. Mather, xviii, 84.^f

—, action of, on the protochloride of mercury, xvi, 395.

—, a reagent for hydrosulphuric acid, A. du Pasquier, xl, 123.

—, used as a dye, xv, 394.

—, medical uses of, iii, 386; vi, 383.

—, — — of tincture of, xx, 196.

—, — —, ibid, in a report by Dumeril and Magendie, xx, 386.

—, — —, in Anguina pectoris, xx, 411.

—, — —, in causing disappearance of the breasts, xi, 395.

—, — —, in gout and Anguina pectoris, xvi, 176.

—, — —, as a cure for the goitre and scrofula, v, 387.

—, occurrence of, in coal, Bussy, xl, 217.

— and bromine in mineral waters, remarks on, C. Daubeny, xxi, 366.

— in a mineral spring in Italy, vii, 387.

— in the Saratoga mineral water, xvi, 217; J. H. Steel, xvi, 242.

— in the Kenawha waters, xviii, 260.

— and bromine in the salt springs of Athens, Ohio, W. W. Mather, xlix, 211.

— in plants and mosses, xlv, 227.

— in sponges, ii, 363.

—, in an ore of zinc, xvi, 389.

—, cyanide of, a mode of obtaining, xiii, 181.

—, fluoride of, H. B. Leeson, xlix, 205.

— and phosphorus, heat from, xxvii, 200.

— and oxygen, new compound of, (hyperiodic acid) xxviii, 141.

Iolite, analyses of, xlvi, 383.

—, in Connecticut, xxii, 389.

—, in Massachusetts, xxxiii, 399.

—, decomposed varieties of, C. U. Shepard, xli, 354.

Iowa, mounds of various imitative shapes in, S. Taylor, xliv, 21.^f

Ipecacuana, analysis of, xvii, 385.

Ireland, geographical distribution of plants in, xxxi, 367.

Iridium, method of obtaining, from the platinum residue, F. Wöhler, xxvi, 371.

—, means of obtaining pure, Fremy, xlviii, 185.

Iris, affords a good test liquor, v, 408.

Iris Duerinckii, xlv, 176.

— lacustris, iv, 57.

Iriscope, Reade's experiments with, xl, 334.

Iron, action of, on ammonia, xviii, 146.

—, action of air and water on, Mallet, xliv, 355.

—, steel and cast iron, remarks on, xxxviii, 121.

—, method of bronzing, xxx, 173.

—, — of browning, ix, 168.

—, cementation of, by carburetted hydrogen, xxviii, 362.

—, cold short, method of purifying, xxx, 173.

—, chlorine in, C. U. Shepard, xliii, 359.

—, corrosion of, by salt water, xxxiii, 286.

— when cutting, action of, in motion, on tempered steel, ix, 324; x, 127; xi, 384.

—, deoxidation of the salts of the peroxide of, C. F. Schönbein, xlix, 203.

—, experiments on two varieties made from the magnetic ores of Essex Co., N. Y., W. R. Johnson, xxxvi, 94.^f

—, manufacture of, by use of anthracite, xxxiii, 266.

—, —, with the hot blast, xxix, 356.

—, —, with the hot blast, T. Clark, xxxi, 180.

—, —, by the hot and cold blast, comparative strength of, Fairburn, xxxiii, 292.

—, —, ibid, comparative composition of, T. Thomson, xxxiv, 21.

—, —, gas obtained by water applied in, J. S. Dawes, xxxv, 303.

—, oxides of, separation of, J. Liebig, xxiii, 379.

—, —, effect of, on soil, xli, 159.

— for railways, D. Mushet, xxxiv, 15.

—, separation of, from manganese, xiii, 173.

—, method of silvering, xxx, 169.

—, on the different states of, xiii, 159.

—, state of, in soils, R. Phillips, Jr., xlix, 394.

—, use of, for stereotyping, xxvi, 192.

—, sulphur in bar, xxviii, 71.

—, sulphuret of, formation of, xxxi, 74.

— boat, iii, 371.

— bridge in Prussia, xii, 197.

— cement, xxx, 171.

— conduit pipes, vi, 173.

— furnaces, number in England and Scotland, xvi, 395.

— mountain of Missouri, iii, 63.

— — ibid, J. T. Hodge, xliii, 58.

— spikes, experiments on the adhesion of, W. R. Johnson, xxxii, 34.^f

— trade of Great Britain, amount of, xx, 176.

— — of Wales, xx, 182.

— works of Sweden, amount of exports from, in 1828, xviii, 173.

— — of Glasgow, xli, 48.

— — of Russia, improvements in, xxx, 181.

— — of McIntyre, Essex Co., N. Y., W. C. Redfield, xxxiii, 303.

— —, statistics of, in the U. States, xxii, 179.

— —, —, in Connecticut, C. U. Shepard, xxxiii, 157.

— —, —, in Maryland, (1834,) xxvii, 15.

—, meteoric, see Meteoric.

—, native, see Meteoric.

— from Bedford Co., Pa., supposed native, chemical examination of, xiv, 183.

— ores, reduction of, W. W. Mather, xxi, 212.

— —, —, in Connecticut, ii, 207.

Localities.

Iron ores, in Greece, xxxii, 175.

— — in Canada, viii, 75, 76.

— — in Nova Scotia, xv, 157, 159, 201, 210, 213.

— — in United States.

— —, in New England, western, viii, 30.

— —, —, in Maine, C. T. Jackson, xxxvi, 147, 150.

— —, —, in New Hampshire, at Franconia, viii, 180.

— —, —, ibid, C. U. Shepard, xviii, 134, 289.

— —, —, in Massachusetts, southern, and northern Connecticut, (bog) x, 14.

— —, —, ibid, notice of some, xxxvi, 378.

— —, —, general account of, E. Hitchcock, xxii, 50.

— —, —, ibid, of Hawley, vi, 208.

— —, —, ibid, of Kent, Richmond, &c., v, 20.

— —, —, of New Braintree, vi, 209.

— —, —, in New England, in Vermont, F. Hall, iii, 57; iv, 23.

— —, —, ibid, at Bennington, C. Dewey, v, 249.

— —, —, ibid, at Plymouth, (spathic) ix, 22.

— —, —, ibid, ibid, T. G. Clemson, xxiv, 170.

— —, —, in Rhode Island, xl, 185.

— —, —, in Connecticut, C. U. Shepard, xxxiii, 152.

— —, —, ibid, at New Milford, (spathic) vi, 209; xix, 311.^f

— —, —, in Kent, hematite, ii, 216; vi, 209.

— —, —, in Salisbury, ii, 212; vi, 208; xix, 322.

— —, —, in New York, xlvi, 25.

— —, —, ibid, of Clinton group of rocks, (argillaceous) xlviii, 301.

— —, —, ibid, of Columbia and Dutchess Cos., xxxvi, 21.

— —, —, ibid, of Crown Point, iv, 48.

— —, —, ibid, of Essex Co., xxxvi, 26; xl, 81.

— —, —, ibid, at Hillsdale and Amenia, viii, 243.

— —, —, ibid, in Orange Co., xvii, 203.

— —, —, ibid, in Jefferson and St. Lawrence Cos., xl, 81.

— —, —, ibid, in Scoharie Co., xxviii, 176.

— —, —, ibid, in St. Lawrence Co., J. Finch, xix, 220.

— —, —, in New Jersey, at Franklin, v, 243.

— —, —, ibid, at Pompton Plains, v, 28.

— —, —, ibid, in Morris Co., v, 28.

— —, —, in Pennsylvania, analyses of, W. R. Johnson, xxxviii, 383; xxxix, 142.

— —, —, in Maryland, Ducatel and Alexander, xxvii, 7, 13, 32.

— —, —, near Baltimore, titanic, T. G. Clemson, xvii, 42.

— —, —, in Ohio valley and Ohio, S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 129^f, 137; xxxi, 61, 68.

— —, —, in Michigan, xxxiv, 192.

— —, —, in Illinois, C. U. Shepard, xxxiv, 159.

— —, —, in Missouri and the West, iii, 26, 63; xliii, 67.

— —, —, in North Carolina, v, 417; xiv, 235; xli, 183, 348.

— —, —, in Alabama, xlviii, 399.

—, arsenical, in New Hampshire, xxiv, 386; xlvi, 384.

—, —, in Connecticut, vi, 232.

—, —, in New York, xxi, 326.

—, bog, in Maine, x, 18.

—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 343; ix, 43; x, 14; xxii, 55.

—, —, in Connecticut, x, 14; xxxiii, 156, 160.

—, —, in New York, v, 270; xxviii, 176.

—, —, in New Jersey, H. Seybert, with an analysis, viii, 298.

—, —, in Pennsylvania, iv, 4; xiv, 5.

—, —, in Maryland, xxvii, 7.

—, —, in North Carolina, xiv, 235.

—, —, in Michigan, xxxiv, 192.

—, —, in Canada, viii, 76.

—, argillaceous, in Massachusetts, iv, 285; xxii, 55.

—, —, in New York, xlviii, 301.

—, —, in Ohio, xvi, 156.

—, —, in Maryland, xxvii, 32.

—, —, in Delaware, xiv, 11.

—, —, in Canada, viii, 76.

—, carbonate of, or spathic, in New Hampshire, vi, 245.

—, —, in Vermont, Plymouth, ix, 22; xxiv, 170, (with analysis.)

—, —, in Massachusetts, v, 269; ix, 54; xxii, 50.

—, —, in Connecticut, ii, 226; vi, 209; xix, 311^f, (New Milford); xxxiii, 160.

—, chromic, in Vermont, xxviii, 383.

—, —, in Massachusetts, vi; 248; viii, 56; xxiv, 397.

—, —, in Connecticut, vi, 233.

—, —, in New York, ix, 243.

—, —, in Pennsylvania, viii, 239; ix, 45; xiv, 7, 10.

—, —, in Maryland, xxvii, 18.

—, hematite or brown, in Vermont, iii, 57; iv, 23; v, 249.

—, —, in Massachusetts, iv, 285; v, 269; viii, 55; xxii, 54.

—, —, in R. Island, iv, 285.

—, —, in Connecticut, ii, 209, 212, 216; vi, 208; viii, 260; xix, 322; xxxiii, 156.

—, —, in New York, i, 144; iv, 47.

—, —, in Pennsylvania, i, 236; xiv, 14.

—, magnetic, igneous origin indicated by jointed structure, xli, 173.

—, —, connection with trap dikes, E. Emmons, xl, 81.

—, —, at Mount Etna, xxx, 186.

—, —, in New Hampshire, xviii, 130.

—, —, in Vermont, iii, 76; vi, 232.

—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 115, 344; v, 269; vi, 208; vii, 255; viii, 55; ix, 43; x, 13, 18; xxii, 52.

—, —, in Rhode Island, (native magnet) iv, 285; v, 402.

—, —, in Connecticut, v, 41; viii, 259; xxxiii, 155; xlvi, 365,^f (distorted crystal.)

—, —, in New York, iv, 48; v, 28; ix, 41, 252; xxv, 350; xl, 81.

—, —, in Pennsylvania, viii, 238; x, 219; xiv, 10, 18.

—, —, in Maryland, xviii, 81.

—, —, in Canada, viii, 75.

—, micaceous, in Vermont, iii, 76; vi, 208, 233.

—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 115; iv, 53; vi, 27, 207, 233, 248; xxii, 53.

—, —, in Rhode Island, viii, 231, 232.

—, —, in New York, xxv, 350.

—, —, in Pennsylvania, iv, 4; viii, 238.

—, —, in Virginia, iii, 232.

—, phosphate of, Cornwall, analysis of, vii, 369.

— pyrites, cause of decomposition of, xix, 387.

— —, specific gravity of, xix, 388.

— —, occurrence of, in fossiliferous rocks, xxxi, 74.

— —, in New Hampshire, xviii, 129, 131.

— —, in Vermont, i, 115; vi, 245.

— —, in Massachusetts, viii, 54; x, 18; xxii, 51.

— —, in Rhode Island, viii, 199.

— —, in Connecticut, i, 49; v, 44; vii, 56; x, 13; xxxiii, 160.

— —, in New York, v, 12, xix, 224; xxv, 350; xxviii, 172^f; xlvi, 36.^f

— —, in Pennsylvania, iv, 4; viii, 239; x, 222; xiv, 5, 6, 8, 13.

— —, in Ohio, xvi, 156.

— —, in New Jersey, v, 28.

— —, in Maryland, xviii, 80.

— pyrites, in North and South Carolina, iii, 3; v, 262; xli, 183.

— —, in Alabama, xxiv, 9.

— —, in Canada, viii, 75.

— —, in Nova Scotia, xv, 213.

— sand, in Massachusetts, i, 115.

— —, in Connecticut, vi, 232.

— —, in Canada, viii, 75.

—, silicate of, Bodenmais, xviii, 164.

—, specular, association of, in Jefferson and St. Lawrence Cos., E. Emmons, xl, 81.

—, —, of volcanic origin, theory of formation of, G. Bischof, xxxvi, 237.

—, —, ibid, Mitscherlich, xxxvi, 237.

—, —, in Canada, viii, 76.

—, —, in Maine, x, 17.

—, —, in Massachusetts, i, 115, 438.

—, —, in New Hampshire, xviii, 131.

—, —, in New York, iv, 250; xxi, 329; xl, 81.

—, —, in Pennsylvania, iv, 4; xiv, 9.

—, —, in Rhode Island, ix, 46.

—, sulphate of, in Massachusetts, i, 115; viii, 56.

—, —, in Connecticut, v, 36; viii, 260; x, 13.

—, —, in New York, iv, 250; xv, 243.

—, —, in New Jersey, v, 265.

—, titanic, near Baltimore, Maryland, T. G. Clemson, xvii, 42.

Irradiation, notice of B. F. Joslin's memoir on, xxvii, 389.

Ischil, salt mines of, xxix, 225.

Islands, floating, A. Pettengill, xii, 122.

—, sudden formation of, from volcanic action, G. Bischof, xxxvi, 267.

—, volcanic, near Sicily, thrown up, xxi, 399.^f

Isomeric compounds, xix, 383.

— bodies, J. J. Berzelius on, xxvi, 178.

Isomerism, remarks on, xxviii, 356.

Isomorphism, H. Kopp's views on, xlvi, 369.

—, exceptions to the law of, xxxv, 302.

Isopyre, analysis of, xv, 388.

Italy, see Vesuvius and Volcano.

Ives, A. W., chemical examination of hop, ii, 302.

Ives, Eli, on a species of Limosella, i, 74.

—, on the amount of nutritious matter afforded by an acre of land cultivated with potatoes or wheat, i, 297.

—, new species of Asclepias, i, 252.^f

—, on spring pasture, iii, 355.

Ivory paper, iii, 370.

—, vegetable, xlix, 400.

J.

Jackson, C. T., analysis of mineral waters from the Azores, xxxi, 94, 96.

—, — of the serpentine marble of Vermont, xxxviii, 198.

—, — of meteoric iron from Claiborne, Alabama, xxxiv, 332; xlviii, 145.

—, — of Catlinite, xxxv, 388; xxxvii, 393.

—, composition of some kinds of grains, xlv, 339.

—, on the copper and silver of Kewenaw Point, Lake Superior, xlix, 81.

—, remarks on drift, xlv, 320.

—, geology and mineralogy of a part of Nova Scotia, xiv, 305^f; xv, 132^f, 201.

—, on certain portions of the geology of Maine, xxxiv, 69.

—, geological reports on Maine, noticed, xxxii, 193; xxxv, 387; xxxvi, 143; xxxvii, 376.

—, — — on N. Hampshire, xli, 383; xlviii, 393; xlix, 27.

—, on the geology of Maine and the public lands, review of, xxxvi, 143.

—, on geological specimens and surveys, xxx, 203.

—, notice of some metamorphic rocks in New Hampshire, xlv, 145.

—, organic matters in soils, xlv, 337.

Jacobi, on electro-magnetism as a moving power, xl, 339.

Jameson's Mineralogy, announced, ii, 167.

Jarman, T., on gas lights, iii, 170.

Jasper in Canada, viii, 64.

— in Connecticut, v, 36.

— in Massachusetts, i, 113, 343.

— in Mississippi valley, iii, 71.

— in New Jersey, ii, 197.

— in North Carolina, v, 261.

Jaundice, use of phosphoric acid in, iv, 162.

Java, native sulphur of, i, 58.

—, sulphuric acid of, i, 58.

Jeffersonite, analysis of, v, 402.

—, identity of, with pyroxene, H. Seybert, vii, 145.

Jenyns, L., notice of the works of, xxxvii, 165.

Jewelry, composition of the powder used in giving the fine color to gold, xii, 188.

Johnson, E. F., canal surveys in the state of New York, xxiv, 19.^f

—, on the height of the mountains of New York, xxxvii, 84.

—, on the present mode of conducting land surveys in the U. States, xix, 131.

—, on the epicycloid, xxi, 280.^f

Johnson, S. L., ascent of Mt. Etna, xxvi, 1.

Johnson, W. R., economy of fuel, in its domestic applications, xxiii, 318.^f

—, electricity, experiments in, xxv, 57.

—, heating power of various coals, xlix, 166, 310.

—, heat and vapor, inquiries respecting, xxi, 304.

—, method of determining and calculating the specific heats of certain solids, xxvii, 267.

—, huaco a remedy for hydrophobia, xxiv, 279, 388.

—, confirmatory notice of the medical virtues of guaco, xxvii, 171.

—, iron from the Adirondack iron works, experiments on two varieties, xxxvi, 94.^f

—, iron ore and coal of Pennsylvania, analyses of, xxxviii, 382.

—, on the coal field of Carbon creek, xxxix, 137.

—, iron spikes, experiments on the adhesion of, in different kinds of timber, xxxii, 34.^f

—, rotascope, description of, xxi, 265.^f

—, rotation of liquids of different specific gravities, placed upon each other, xxvii, 84.^f

—, on the rapid production of steam in contact with metals highly heated, xix, 292; xx, 308, 418.

—, action between water and hot iron, xxi, 71.^f

—, description of a steam pyrometer, xxii, 96.^f

—, the strength of cylindrical steam boilers, xxiii, 68.

—, notice of an ancient American utensil, xxiii, 65.^f

Johnston, J., improved air pump, xxxiv, 86.^f

—, apparatus for solidifying carbonic acid, xxxviii, 297^f; xlii, 203.

—, new crystals of beryl, from Middlelown, xl, 401.^f

—, on a large crystal of columbite from Middletown, Ct., xxx, 387.^f

—, sketch of the early history of Count Rumford, xxxiii, 21.

—, on shrinkage marks in sandstone, xlv, 315.

Johnston, J. F. W., blank form for statistical information on chemical education, xxxi, 414.

—, work by, on agriculture, noticed, xlii, 187.

Joints in rocks, W. W. Mather, xli, 172.

Jones, A., steamboats protected from lightning, xxii, 106.

—, on hail storms, xxiii, 35.^f

Jones, G., on the use of anthracite in blacksmith shops, xviii, 303.

—, remarks on prairies, xxxiii, 226.

—, Naval Sketches, citation from, xvi, 168, 320.^f

—, excursion to Cairo, &c., xxxi, 412.

Jones, W. G., description of a new compensating pendulum, xxxviii, 274.^f

Joslin, B. F., on the atmospheric origin of the Aurora, xxx, 390; xxxv, 145.

—, polarity of crystals indicated by rotation, while forming, as seen under solar microscope, xxxv, 150.

—, on the tails of Halley's comet, xxxi, 142, 324.

—, electro-magnetic apparatus, xxi, 86.^f

—, on the causes of the earth's magnetism, xix, 398.

—, memoir on irradiation noticed, xxvii, 389.

Journals of Science, remark on British and American, xxvi, 174.

Journey, scientific, by Seiber, in Abyssinia, announced, iv, 383.

Juncus cylindricus, xlii, 83.

— Greenei, xlv, 37.

Juniperus repens, iv, 69.

Jussieua tenuifolia, v, 294.

Justicia lætivirens, xlv, 176.

K.

Kaatskill mountains, see Catskill.

Kain, J. H., on the mineralogy and geology of part of Virginia and Tennessee, i, 60.

—, mounds and caves in Tennessee, i, 428.

—, hurricane at Shelbyville, Tenn., June, 1830, xxxi, 252.

Kakodyl, Bunsen, xli, 51; xlii, 324.

Kalmia cuneata, xxvi, 314.

Kamschatka, notice of, xvii, 30.

Kaolin, bed of, in Chester Co., Penn., xiv, 7.

—, in Maryland, xxvii, 19.

—, in New Jersey, ii, 368.

—, in North Carolina, v, 6.

Karsten, experiments by, on the formation of "images of Möser," xlv, 228.

Katahdin mountain, excursion to, J. W. Bailey, xxxii, 20.^f

—, height of, xxxii, 31.

Keely, G. W., on the resistance of fluids, xxviii, 318.^f

Kelley, E. G., geological features of Hawaii, xl, 117.^f

Kellogg, E., on the passage of lightning, ix, 84.

Kenawha gas, J. A. Lewis, xlix, 209.

— river and valley, S. P. Hildreth, xxix, 83, 87.

—, climate of, xxix, 89.

— brines, xviii, 260; xxiv, 51, 66; xxix, 84, 113.

Kendall, E. O., on the comet of 1843, xlv, 188.^f

Kendall, T., Halo at New Lebanon, a notice of, vii, 337.^f

—, improvements in the surveyor's compass, xix, 337.^f

Kent, E. N., new process for preparing gallic acid, xlvi, 78.

Kentucky, fossil bones at Big Bone Lick, xviii, 139.

—, — ibid, report on, by Messrs. Cooper, Smith and De Kay, xx, 370.

—, geology of the region near Louisville and Shippingsport canal, I. A. Lapham, xiv, 65.^f

—, caves in, containing nitre, viii, 323.

—, marbles of, iii, 234.

Kerolite, xviii, 391.

— of Westchester, N. Y., analysis of, xlvi, 34.

Kilauea, Hawaii, notice of volcano of, xi, 1, 362; xvi, 345.

—, —, ibid, C. S. Stewart, xx, 228.

—, —, ibid, J. Goodrich, xxv, 199.

—, —, ibid, E. G. Kelley, xl, 117.^f

King, A. T., footprints in Westmoreland Co., Pa., xlviii, 217, 343^f; xlix, 216.^f

—, on a halo, xl, 25.^f

King, H., on the geology of the valley of the Mississippi, xlvii, 12 8.

Kinic acid, detection of, J. Stenhouse, xlix, 391.

Kirkdale caverns, bones of, &c., examined by W. Buckland, viii, 158, 317.

Kirtland, J. P., on the sexual characters of the Naiades, xxvi, 117.^f

—, habits of the Naiades, xxxix, 164.^f

—, miscellaneous notices in Ornithology, xl, 19.

—, notice of, xxxi, 22.

Kite, for electro-meteorological observations, xxxii, 304.^f

—, for communicating with stranded vessels, x, 184.

Kobell, F. von, on galvanography, xlviii, 221.^f

Kobresia filiformis, xxix, 253.^f

— globularis, xxix, 253.^f

Kœnig's transparent paintings, ii, 348.

Kopp, H., on isomorphism, xlvi, 369.

Kuhlmann, on the use of sulphate of copper, alum, &c. in the making of bread, xx, 269.

Kunker, a tufaceous deposit in India, Newbold, xlix, 398.

Kurile Islands, xvii, 32.

Kyanite, analysis by C. H. Rockwell, xlvi, 383.

—, compared crystallographically with Sillimanite, C. U. Shepard, xii, 159.^f

—, in Connecticut, i, 352; ii, 238; vi, 219; vii, 253; xviii, 361.

—, in Massachusetts, i, 114; vi, 219; vii, 255; ix, 252; xiv, 216.

—, in New Hampshire, v, 40.

—, in New York, vi, 364.

—, in Pennsylvania, v, 41; ix, 246; x, 220, 222; xiv, 8, 12, 14, 18.

—, in Rhode Island, v, 403.

—, in Vermont, vi, 219, 245, 249.

L.

Laboratory of Dr. Hare, description of, xix, 26.^f

Labradorite of Essex Co., N. Y., W. C. Redfield, xxxiii, 303.

—, in Canada, viii, 66.

Lachrymatories from Milo, xvi, 333.^f

Lacker for brass, receipt for, ix, 169.

Lagrange, J. L., works and life of, notice of, xxx, 64; xxxi, 97.

— formulæ for determining the motions of any systems of bodies about a state of equilibrium, correction of an error in, H. J. A., xi, 398.

Lakes, North American, origin of, J. B. Gibson, xxix, 208.

—, — —, action of, H. Schoolcraft, xliv, 368;

–drift sand deposits, 369.

—, — —, raised beaches of, C. Lyell, xlvi, 314.

—, — —, on the changes of level, H. A. S. Dearborn, xvi, 78.^f

—, — —, dimensions of, xlvii, 21.

—, — —, influence of, on climate, xlvii, 21.

—, — —, remarks on the supposed tides of, H. Whiting, xx, 205.

—, — —, tides in, D. Ruggles, xlv, 18.

—, bursting of, through mountains, iii, 252.

—, ancient, along the Connecticut valley, vii, 16.

Lake, Chautauque, height of, above the sea, xlv, 17.

— Erie, coast of, xxix, 204.

— —, degradation on, xxxiv, 349.

—, on the eruption of Long and Mud Lake, Vt., S. E. Dwight, xi, 39.^f

— of the Highlands, N. Y., v, 32.

— Huron, account of, and of fossils about, iii, 254^f, 270^f, 271.^f

— Ontario, beaches of, and height, xxxvi, 43.

— —, height of, above tide level, depth and temperature, xxxiii, 403.

— —, C. Dewey, xxxvii, 242.

— of the Woods, position of, determined astronomically, by J. L. Tiarks, xv, 41.

Lalande, medals founded by, xxv, 190.

Lamp, aphlogistic, iv, 328.^f

—, —, platina, xx, 385.

—, new astral, v, 386.

—, hydrostatic, xvii, 161.

—, a new, with inflammable air, J. Green, ii, 330.^f

—, new, without flame, i, 207.

—, monochromatic, of D. Brewster, vii, 363.

—, oil gas, xxii, 387.

—, portable gas, iii, 371.

—, Rumford, xix, 40.

—, voltaic, J. Cutbush, ii, 332.

— black, analysis of, xi, 387.

— glasses, to prevent the cracking of, xxi, 165.

Land and water, distribution of, xiv, 375.

Land surveys in the U. States, present mode of conducting, xix, 131.

Languages, F. Adelung's work on, iii, 376.

—, number of, on the earth, x, 383.

— of signs, observations on, S. Akerly, viii, 348.

Lanthanium, a new metal, xxxvii, 192.

—, atomic weight of, xlvii, 190.

Lapham, D., problems relating to canals, xxvii, 127.^f

—, plan of the canal locks at Cincinnati, Ohio, xxiv, 70.^f

Lapham, D. and I. A., observations on boulders in Ohio, xxii, 300.

Lapham, I. A., statement of elevations in Wisconsin, xlvi, 258.

—, notice of the Louisville and Shippingsport canal, and of the geology of its vicinity, xiv, 65.^f

Laplace, P. S., eulogy on, xxv, 1.

Larkin's Geometry, ii, 359.

Latent heat of vapors, ii, 361.

Laterrade, J. F., on the unicorn, xxi, 123.

Lathrop, J. H., applications of the igneous theory of the earth, xxxviii, 68; xxxix, 90.

Lathrop, S. P., ice mountain in Vermont, xlvi, 331.

Latitudes, on determining, xlix, 232.

Latitude, reduction of, T. J. Cram, xxxi, 222.

— of the Hudson (Ohio) observatory, xxxix, 362.

— of Mt. Washington, xli, 384.

— and longitude of Yale College observatory, xxxiv, 309.

Latrobite, analysis of, Gmelin, ix, 330.

Laudanum, denarcotized, mode of preparing, R. Hare, xii, 291.

Laumonite, in Delaware, ix, 246.

—, in New York, vi, 365; ix, 41.

—, in Nova Scotia, xxx, 345.

—, moving rocks in a lake in Salisbury, ix, 239.

Lea, H. C., description of eight new species of shells, xlii, 106.^f

—, new tertiary shells from Alabama, xl, 92.^f

—, examination of the peroxide of manganese, xlii, 81.

Lea, I., contributions to geology, noticed, xxv, 414.

—, causes and effects of earthquakes, ix, 209.

—, on hybernation, ix, 75.

—, impression in sandstone, v, 155.^f

—, on the Naiades, notice of, xvi, 378; xxii, 169; xxvii, 371; xxxv, 184; xlvii, 104.

—, on the northwest passage, x, 138.

—, New Grenada and Cuba, oolitic strata in, xl, 41.

—, Alabama tertiary and list of fossils, xxv, 417, 419.

—, on the Unionidæ, xxii, 170; xxvii, 371.

—, on the genus Unio, &c., notice of, xxxv, 184.

—, on the study of natural history, xi, 218.

—, a halo and parhelia, x, 368.^f

Lea, M. C., on the first or southern coal field of Pennsylvania, xl, 370.

Lead, sheet, Chinese process of making, vii, 391.

—, on the use of the hot blast in smelting, xlii, 169.^f

—, action of water on, xxxiv, 25; xlvi, 398.

— in sulphuric acid, test for, xvii, 195.

—, sulphate of, action of some alkaline salts on, J. L. Smith, xlvii, 81.

—, tartrate of, a pyrophorus, ix, 207.

—, native, in Europe, x, 191.

— mines of the Hartz, xix, 113.

— — of the United States, proceeds from, x, 398.

— — of the West, J. Locke, xliii, 147.

— — of the West, remarks on the position and origin of, xlvii, 106.

— —, rock of, of the West, identical with the Niagara limestone, J. Hall, xlii, 59.

— — of Lubec, in Maine, xxx, 332.

— — of Massachusetts, ix, 166; xxii, 56.

— — of Hampshire Co., Mass., notices of, A. Nash, xii, 238.^f

— — of Southampton, Mass., i, 136; vi, 201.

— — of Whately and Leverett, Mass., vi, 204.

— — of Middletown and Bethlehem, Ct., vi, 205.

— — and ores in New York, xlvi, 28.

— — at Ancram, New York, notice of, C. A. Lee, viii, 247.

— — of northern New York, xxxvi, 24.

— — and ores of Davidson Co., N. C., xli, 183, 348.

— region of Missouri, H. R. Schoolcraft, iii, 248.

— — and ores of Missouri, Troost and Lesueur, xii, 379.

— — of Missouri, J. N. Nicollet, xlv, 340.

— — of La Motte, the ore of, not argentiferous, xliii, 64.

— — of the upper Mississippi, notice of Chandler's map of, xvii, 416.

— — of Wisconsin and Missouri, J. T. Hodge, xliii, 35.^f

— — of Wisconsin, and mode of working, J. T. Hodge, xliii, 41.^f

— ores, observations on, iii, 176.

— —, price of, and of lead in Wisconsin, xliii, 72.

— — of the La Motte mine, Mo., not argentiferous, xliii, 64.

—, native carbonate of, Davidson Co., N. C., analysis of, xli, 183, 348.

—, — —, in Massachusetts, vi, 201; ix, 249.

—, — —, in Missouri, xii, 379.

—, — —, in Wythe Co., Va., xliii, 169.

—, — chloride of, in Massachusetts, vi, 201.

—, — native cupreous sulphato-carbonate of, iv, 29.

—, — diarseniate of, T. Thomson, xxxv, 297.

—, — molybdate of, in Massachusetts, vi, 201.

—, — —, in New York, viii, 249.

—, — red and yellow oxide of, in Wythe Co., Va., xliii, 169.

—, — phosphate of, in Massachusetts, vi, 201.

—, — —, in North Carolina, xli, 183, 348.

—, — sulphato-carbonate of, iv, 29.

—, — sulphato-tri-carbonate of, iv, 29.

—, — sulphuret of, (Galena) crystals, distorted, from Rossie, xlvii, 417.

—, — —, argentiferous ore of Lane's mine, analysis of silver from, W. W. Mather, xxvii, 256.

—, — —, in Canada, viii, 76.

—, — —, in Connecticut, i, 316; iii, 173; v, 44^f; xxvii, 256; xxxiii, 162.

—, — —, in Maine, xxx, 332.

—, — —, in Massachusetts, i, 115, 137, 343, 437; vi, 201, 204; viii, 57; xii, 251; xxii, 56.

—, — —, in Missouri and the West, see above, under Lead Mines.

—, — —, in New Hampshire, vi, 245; viii, 235; xxxiv, 114.

—, — —, in New York, v, 21, 30; vii, 254; viii, 260; xxv, 350; xl, 76; xlvii, 417.

—, — —, in Rhode Island, viii, 231.

—, — —, in Tennessee, i, 63.

—, — —, in Virginia, i, 63; xliii, 169.

— pipes, strength of, xii, 189; xiv, 369.

—, — used as an aqueduct, hydrogen in, N. Walkly, xxxiv, 393.

—, —, Ewbank's tinned, notice of, xxvi, 210.

—, —, protected by tin, safety of, xxvi, 400.

—, and tin, combustion of the alloy of, xxi, 375.

—, pots, manufacture of, by Messrs. Dixon, xxi, 196.

Leafing of plants, xliv, 419.

Leather, fabrication of Russian, iv, 193.

Leavenworth, M. C., four new plants from Alabama, vii, 61.

—, list of the rarer plants of Alabama, ix, 74.

—, description of the Tullia pycnanthemoides, xx, 343.^f

—, on some new species of plants, xlix, 127.

Lebanon, Mt., coal mine of, xxviii, 32.

Lederer's cabinet of minerals for sale, xxix, 392.

Ledererite, supposed new mineral, C. T. Jackson and A. A. Hayes, xxv, 78^f, 80.

—, description of, xlvii, 339, 350.

Lederite, a supposed new mineral species, C. U. Shepard, xxxix, 357^f; xlviii, 176.

—, of Shepard identical with Sphene, xlvi, 36.^f

—, identical with Sphene, B. Silliman, Jr., xlviii, 180.

—, measurements of, by J. D. Dana, xlviii, 180.

Lee, C. A., sketch of the geology and mineralogy of Salisbury, Ct., viii, 252.

—, notice of the Ancram lead mine, viii, 247.

Leech, account of, x, 389; xxiv, 160.

Leeches, mortality of, during storms, xvii, 186.

Leedom, E. C., an astronomical machine, xlii, 338.^f

Leghorn hats, on the cultivation of the material for, xxii, 363.

Leguminous fruits, flour or meal from, vii, 189.

Leibnitz, G. W. von, notice of life of, xlix, 187.

—, Protogæa of, or his views on the formation of the earth, xx, 56; xxxix, 15.

Leipsic fair, notice of, iv, 392; vii, 381; xxiii, 182.

Leitner, E. T., on double flowers, xxiii, 45.

Lens, crystalline, of animals, how preserved for future examination, xxvi, 216.

Lenz on the saltness of the ocean at different depths, xxiii, 10.

Lepidanche, new genus, G. Engelmann, xliii, 343.

—, appressa, xlv, 77.

—, compositarum, xliii, 344^f; xlv, 77.

Lepidolite, analysis of, Gmelin, ix, 329.

—, in Maine, x, 16; xviii, 293.

—, in Massachusetts, i, 350.

Lester, W., geological map of New London and Windham Cos., Ct., xxiii, 404.

Level of the Dead Sea, barometrical observations made to determine, xlii, 214.

—, difference of, between the Black and Caspian Seas, xl, 320.

—, change of, during earthquakes in Calabria, Chile, Scandinavia, Finland, &c., G. Bischof, xxxvi, 273.

—, —, various examples of, W. W. Mather, xlix, 294.

—, —, in Chile, xxviii, 236.

—, —, —, and elsewhere in S. America, C. Darwin, xxxiii, 100.

—, —, at Ceylon, vi, 194.

—, —, in Great Britain, xxxiii, 97; xxxiv, 27.

—, —, about the North American Lakes, C. Lyell, xlvi, 314.

—, —, about Lake Huron, indicated by ancient beaches, iii, 257.

—, —, about Lake Ontario, ibid, G. E. Hayes, xxxv, 104.

—, —, in Maine, C. T. Jackson, xxxvi, 154.

—, —, in New York, about Canaan mountain, v, 15.

—, —, —, in the Mohawk valley, xxxvi, 31.

—, —, in Palestine, J. D. Sherwood, xlviii, 15.

—, —, on the Scandinavian coast, L. Beamish, xlvii, 184.

—, —, in Sweden, C. Lyell, xxviii, 72, 387.

—, —, in United States and California during the tertiary epoch, T. A. Conrad, xxxv, 245.

—, causes of changes of, G. Bischof, xxxvi, 278.

—, — ibid, W. W. Mather, xlix, 284.

—, — ibid, H. D. and W. B. Rogers, xliv, 360.

Lewis, J. A., Kenawha gas, xlix, 209.

Lewis, W. J., involution of polynomials, xlii, 239.

Lexicography, contributions to English, J. W. Gibbs, xxxiii, 324; xli, 28, 32; xlv, 96.

Leyden jar, effect of freezing water in, viii, 374.

— —, on the discharge of, xxxviii, 6.

Lezch, J. U., volatile acids of butter, xlix, 202.

Lias of the west, S. P. Hildreth, xxx, 395.

Liatris flexuosa, xxxvii, 388.^f

— fruticosa, v, 299.

— oppositifolia, v, 299.

— scariosa, iv, 67.

— squarrosa, iv, 66.

Library, Royal, at Paris, size of, viii, 376.

— of Yale College, donation to, from England, xxvii, 184.

Libraries of the world, comparative table of, xxxi, 178.

—, circulating, in England, v, 175.

— of St. Petersburg, v, 177.

Lichen rocella, coloring matter of, xviii, 151.

Liebig, J., on creosote, xxviii, 131.

— and Wöhler, on the radical of benzoic acid, xxvi, 261.^f

—, on bitter almond oil, xxvi, 263.

Life, on the functions of vegetable, G. T. Burnett, xxi, 153.

—, mean term of, among the Romans, xvii, 188.

—, mean term of, in France and England, xvii, 188.

—, probability of, from registers kept at Geneva, xv, 187.

— of a molluscous animal, singular preservation of, xxviii, 355.

— apparatus, notice of Murray's, xxviii, 70.

— preservers, xiv, 189.

Light and heat, S. Morey, ii, 118, 122.

— and magnetism, connexion between, G. Gibbs, i, 89.

—, observations and experiments on, S. Adams, xlii, 123.

—, absorption of, by the atmosphere, xlvi, 201.

—, action of, chemical, xvii, 376.

—, —, in producing chemical changes, J. W. Döbereiner, xxii, 352.

—, —, in decomposing carbonic acid and alkaline carbonates, J. W. Draper, xlvi, 398.

—, —, on the color and movement of plants, D. P. Gardner, xlvi, 1.^f

—, —, on an elementary substance, producing, as supposed, a change, J. W. Draper, xlvi, 390.

—, —, on an iodized silver plate, producing electricity, xlvii, 190.

—, — of solar spectrum, chemical, xxxi, 260.

—, — — —, on sensitive paper, J. F. W. Herschel, xxxviii, 110.

—, — of gaseous and other media on the solar spectrum, xlii, 157.

—, blanching effects of, obviated, xxxv, 338.

—, halo of, which surrounds all bodies, Mary Griffith, xxxviii, 22.

—, influence of, on germination, R. Hunt, xliv, 352.

—, —, on the growth of plants, xliv, 352; xlvi, 397.

—, intensity of, how measured, xv, 184.

—, new case of interference of, Powell, xxxviii, 107.

—, apparatus for experiments on inflection and interference of, E. S. Snell, xlix, 26.^f

—, latent, J. W. Draper, xliv, 202.

— lines seen at regular intervals, a new property, D. Brewster, xxxiv, 20.

—, magnetic influence of the violet ray of, xviii, 171.

—, — — of the solar rays, xiii, 188.

—, on the deflection of, xviii, 176.

—, monochromatic, for microscopic observations, xiii, 190.

—, oxy-hydrogen, for light-houses, improvement in, by use of sulphate of lime, xxviii, 355.

—, a new kind of polarity in homogeneous, D. Brewster, xxxv, 292.

—, polarization of, by reflection, D. Brewster, xxii, 277.^f

—, —, by refraction, laws of, D. Brewster, xxiii, 225.^f

—, —, elliptic, of reflected, Powell, xliv, 171; xlvi, 390.

—, —, rings produced in specimens of decomposed glass, D. Brewster, xl, 325.

—, on the passage of, through small apertures, and on the cause of prismatic analysis, C. C. Conwell, xx, 350.

—, on the production of, R. Hare, ii, 172.

—, —, J. L. Sullivan, i, 91.^f

—, —, from quicklime, xiv, 385.

—, —, ibid, for geodetical operations, xiii, 188.

—, on the production of, from quicklime, for light-houses, T. Drummond, xxi, 366.

—, reflection of, from different surfaces, Potter, xxviii, 59.

—, action of second surfaces of transparent plates on, D. Brewster, xxiii, 28.^f

—, solar, curious effect of, xii, 164.

—, —, as compared with that of the moon and fixed stars, xvii, 362.

—, —, chemical action of, see above.

—, zodiacal, see Zodiacal.

Lights, northern, see Aurora Borealis.

Light-houses, ix, 199.

—, lighted by means of lime, T. Drummond, xxi, 366.

Lighting by gas, see Gas.

— of apartments, new method in Venice, x, 385.

Lightning, cure of asthma by, vi, 329.

—, a case of paralytic affection cured by, iii, 100.

—, effect of a stroke of, xvii, 193; xlvi, 215.

—, effects of a stroke of, in Wethersfield, Ct., xi, 359.

—, — —, J. H. Linsley, xlii, 393.

—, — —, upon the packet ship New York, C. Rich, xxxvii, 321.

—, — —, on three ships, xxxviii, 112.

—, several strokes of, from the same explosion, v, 125.

—, passage of, E. Kellogg, ix, 84.

—, protection of steamboats from, A. Jones, xxii, 106.

—, wet or damp clothes, good conductors of, v, 121.^f

—, heat, xix, 187.

—, conductors in ships, utility of, W. S. Harris, xxi, 347.

— rods, R. Hare on, xiii, 322.

— —, J. Murray, xix, 186.

— —, observations on, J. Van Rensselaer, ix, 331.

— —, on the action of, xxxiv, 8, 18.

— —, mode of adjusting, xviii, 361.

— tubes in sand, see Fulgurite.

Lignite, at Auteuil, in France, ii, 351.

—, on the carbonization of, xviii, 371.

— of the ferruginous sand formation, U. States, xviii, 246.

—, in North Carolina, v, 407; xiv, 250.

— of the McKenzie river and northern America, xvii, 4.

—, in Texas, xxxvii, 216.

Ligustrum vulgare, x, 258.

Lilium canadense, xi, 177.

— Catesbæi, xi, 177.

Lime, intense light produced by means of, xiii, 188; xiv, 385; xxi, 366.

—, quantity used in Baltimore in 1832, xxvii, 17.

—, chloride of, x, 386; xv, 391; xvi, 387; xix, 166.

—, —, used in psora, xvi, 395.

—, —, use of, in the navy, xix, 164.

—, —, action of, in alcohol, E. Soubeiran, xxiii, 134.

—, —, manufacture of, at Glasgow, T. Thomson, xli, 48.

—, —, —, G. W. Carpenter, xvi, 177.

—, —, estimation of the bleaching power of, xvii, 170; xxii, 354.

—, —, disinfecting power of, xix, 177.

—, —, disinfection at the Morgue, in Paris, xxi, 149.

—, common and hydraulic, iv, 373.

—, nitrate of, i, 133.

—, phosphate of, see Apatite.

—, sulphate of, from steam boilers, J. F. W. Johnston, xxxv, 300.

—, —, and not carbonate in the waters of Pyrmont, xv, 185.

—, —, used with the oxy-hydrogen flame for light-houses, xxviii, 355.

—, —, see Gypsum.

Limestone, basaltiform, of Kingston, U. C., R. H. Bonnycastle, xxiv, 97; xxx, 233.^f

—, ibid, containing shells, penetrated with syenite, R. H. Bonnycastle, xxx, 243.^f

—, in Massachusetts, xxii, 24.

—, fertilizing properties of, xxx, 383.

—, compact, in eastern N. York, viii, 21.

—, —, dove-colored, N. Y., iv, 44.

—, —, rhomboidal structure of, at Boonville, N. Y., O. P. Hubbard, xxxii, 231.^f

—, —, from St. Louis, Mo., analysis of, xliii, 21.

—, —, of N. Carolina, analysis of, J. T. Hodge, xli, 334.

—, fetid, iii, 234.

—, granular, in the U. States, xli, 240.

—, —, —, in Maine, C. T. Jackson, xxxvi, 145, 147.

—, —, singular conformation near Williamstown, Mass., C. Dewey, ix, 19.^f

—, —, in Bolton, Mass., vii, 52.

—, —, ranges of, through western Massachusetts, viii, 13, 28.

—, —, ibid, alternation with mica slate, viii, 15.

—, —, of the Connecticut valley, vi, 37; viii, 240.

—, —, ibid, alternating with mica slate, viii, 240.

—, of Connecticut, at Salisbury, viii, 240.

—, —, of New York, v, 266.

—, —, of Pennsylvania, v, 41.

—, —, &c., near Hudson's Bay, xvii, 13.

—, —, of Maryland, fossils in, xxvi, 222.

—, granular, of New Jersey, minerals of, v, 239.

—, —, ibid, alternating with granite rocks, v, 247.

—, —, passing above into a secondary fossiliferous limestone, v, 247.

—, effect of trap dikes on, xxix, 351.

—, hydraulic, of New York, xxxix, 96; xlvi, 29.

—, —, in the Appalachian chain, xxxvii, 381.

—, —, magnesian character of, xxxvii, 381.

—, polished, of Rochester, C. Dewey, xxxvii, 240.

—, siliceous, (argentine) in Massachusetts, v, 268.

Limonia acidissima, v, 295.

Lincoln, B., notice of a water spout, xiv, 171.^f

Lincolnite, E. Hitchcock, xlvii, 416; xlviii, 64.

—, C. U. Shepard, xlviii, 175.

—, B. Silliman, Jr., xlviii, 180.

— identical with Heulandite, F. Alger, xlvi, 233.^f

Lindernia saxicola, xliv, 83.

Lindley, J., review of the natural system of Botany of, xxxii, 292.

—, effect of the frost of the winter 1837-38, on plants in England, xxxix, 18.

Linen, a substitute for, found at Salem, Mass., xxvii, 179.

Lingula, fossil, indicating marine currents, near Lockport, N. Y., xxxvi, 37.

Linnæus, C., notice of an autobiography of, iii, 379.

—, life and works of, C. Fox, xxxvii, 142.

—, Systema Vegetabilium, a new edition of, Romer, i, 435.

—, letters from, to C. Colden, xliv, 111.

—, memoir of, xxv, 151.

—, notice of the herbarium of, xl, 2.

Linsley, J. H., catalogue of the birds of Connecticut, xliv, 249.

—, catalogue of the fishes of Connecticut, xlvii, 55.

—, catalogue of the mammalia of Connecticut, xliii, 345.

—, catalogue of the reptiles of Connecticut, xlvi, 37.

—, on a stroke of lightning, xlii, 393.

—, obituary notice of, xlvi, 216.

Liquefaction of gases, M. Faraday, vii, 352; xlix, 373.

— —, J. Torrey, xxxv, 374.

— —, J. K. Mitchell, xxxv, 346.^f

Liquids, principles of the resistance of, L. R. Gibbes, xxvii, 135.

—, — —, A. Bourne, xxviii, 231.

—, — —, G. W. Keely, xxviii, 318^f; xxx, 164; xxxi, 111.

—, — —, E. W. Blake, xxix, 274; xxx, 359.

—, — —, Russel, xxix, 351.

—, revolving motion in, xix, 391.

— of different specific gravities together, rotation of, W. R. Johnson, xxvii, 84.^f

—, on the upward forces of, E. C. Genet, xi, 110, 339^f; xii, 94, 310; xiii, 377.

—, ibid, reply by T. P. Jones, xiii, 79.

Lister, Martin, notice of, C. Fox, xxxvii, 137.

Lithia, a new alkali, i, 309.

—, blowpipe test, when mixed with soda, xlviii, 193.

—, new process for obtaining, Quesneville, xx, 194.

Lithographic establishment in Portugal, ix, 366.

— impressions of leaves of plants, v, 170.

— paper, iii, 370.

— printing of MSS., iv, 197.

— stone, new locality of, in Spain, v, 386.

— —, locality in the French Pyrenees, xlix, 401.

Lithography, notice of, iv, 169.

Litmus paper, as prepared by Gay Lussac, xvii, 165.

Litrameter, on the, xi, 133.^f

Litton, A., a double sulphite of the protoxide of platinum and soda, xliv, 274.

Liver pies of Strasburgh, xxii, 194.

Liverpool, objects of interest in, xxxiv, 52.

Living molecules, R. Brown's, xvii, 390.

— particles in all kinds of matter, motion of, xix, 393.

Lizards in chalk, xxxvii, 402.

—, see under Zoology, Reptiles.

Lobelia aphylla, v, 297.

Locke, J., alabaster of the mammoth cave of Kentucky, xlii, 206.^f

—, a new botanical press, xxx, 54.^f

—, microscopic compass, xxiii, 237.^f

—, on the manipulations of the dipping compass, xlii, 235.

—, electro-magnetic multiplier, xxvi, 380.

—, notice of a galvanometer, xxvi, 103.^f

—, improvements on his galvanometer, xxvi, 378^f;

experiments with, 379, 381.

—, on a large thermoscopic galvanometer, xxxiii, 365.

—, geology of the U. States, west of the Allegany Mountains, xli, 160.

—, lead region of the West, xliii, 147.

—, magnetic dip in the United States, xli, 15.

—, — — at Baltimore, xlii, 258.

—, on magneto-electricity, and electro-magnetic machines, xxxiv, 125.^f

—, connection between geology and magnetism, xlvii, 101.

—, on manufacture of maple sugar, ii, 259.

—, notice of a new trilobite, Ceraurus crosotus, xliv, 346^f; xlv, 222.^f

—, Isotelus megistus, a new trilobite, xlii, 366.^f

Lockwood, M. B., variation of the magnetic needle at Providence, R. I., xliv, 314.

Locust, seventeen year, habits of, xiii, 224.

—, — —, notice of, S. P. Hildreth, xviii, 47.^f

—, — —, remarks on, D. Thomas, xxi, 188.

Locusts in China, xxxi, 193.

Lodoicea sechellarum, notice of, J. E. Teschemacher, xxxvii, 396.

Logan, murder of the family of, xxxi, 11.

Logarithmic tables, corrections in Hassler's, xxii, 181.

— and exponential theorems, new mode of obtaining, T. Strong, xlviii, 36.

Logwood, on hæmatoxylin the coloring principle of, xliv, 357.

Long's expedition to the Rocky Mountains, vi, 374.

Long, G. W., description of a frame bridge, xviii, 123.^f

—, on the origin of springs and fountains, xvii, 336.

—, a parasite tree, xxvi, 106.^f

Long lake and Mud lake, Vt., on the eruption of, S. E. Dwight, xi, 39.^f

Longevity of trees, xxii, 379.

— of the yew tree, xxix, 353.

— — —, Bowman, xxxi, 358.

Longitude, notice of F. Baily's method of determining, by the culmination of the moon and stars, ix, 107.

—, determination of, by means of shooting stars, xxxix, 372; xlii, 399.

—, arc of, between Dublin and Armagh, xxxviii, 113.

— deduced from the eclipse of Sept. 18, 1838, xxxix, 367.

— of New York, v, 143.

— of New York City Hall, xxxviii, 113; xl, 43.

— of Alexandria, D. C., xxxix, 368.

— of Boston, xl, 43.

— of Brooklyn, N.Y., xxxix, 369; xl, 43.

— of Burlington, N.J., xxxix, 368.

— of Dorchester Observatory, Mass., xxxix, 369; xl, 43.

— of Dover, Ohio, xxxix, 368; xl, 43.

— of Germantown, Penn., xxxix, 368.

— of Haverford School, Penn., xxxix, 368.

— of New Haven, xxxiv, 309; xxxix, 369; xl, 43.

— of Hudson Observatory, Ohio, xl, 43.

— of Philadelphia State House, xxxix, 368; xl, 43.

— of Philadelphia High School Observatory, xl, 43.

— of Princeton, N.J., xxxix, 368; xl, 43.

— of Southwick, Mass., xxxix, 369; xl, 43.

— and latitude of Turtle Island, Lake Erie and South Bend lake, Michigan, xxxviii, 154.

— of Washington capitol, xxxix, 368; xl, 43;

–marine observatory, xl, 43.

— of Weasel mountain, N. J., xxxix, 368.

— of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Ct., xxxix, 369.

— of Williamstown College, Mass., xxxix, 369.

— of Western Reserve College, Ohio, xxxix, 368.