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Haida texts and myths

He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side

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[Told by John Sky of Those-born-at-Skedans]

Then she went down to the saltwater and washed her [sore]. There she put medicine upon it. One day, when she was washing, some bloody looking matter stuck out. And she was unable to pull it out. Then she again put medicine upon it and crept up to the house.

Next day she crept down to the water again, and, while she was washing it, she again pulled at it with her finger nails. Lo, she pulled it out. Then she laid it upon a stone, and, after she had put medicine on herself, picked it up and moved toward the house. Then she bent pieces of cedar bark, placed it in them, and put it side of the house outside.

Now she went to bed. While her back was turned to the fire a child cried. Then she rose quickly and, without standing up, ran out. And something inside the thing she had bent together was crying. She looked. A child lay in it. And, after she had taken it out, she washed it. Then she reared it. She had it as a companion.

By and by she made one for him out of real yew. Wā-ā-ā-ā-ā′, it looked red. It was pretty. After he had looked at that, too, for a while he threw it into the fire, and the blunt-pointed arrows along with it.

Then she pounded out copper for him. She hammered a string on so that it could not be removed. She also hammered out two arrows. One had the figure of a weasel. The other had the figure of a mouse on it. When she handed these to him he did not look at them. He at once went off.

Then he stretched his mother’s house. He set up two planks in the rear of the house. Between them he hung the blanket.

After he had lived with her a while, one morning he continued to lie abed. While he was still in bed, something went along under his pillow talking. “He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side, are you awake? Do you not feel that the supernatural beings, whom people are afraid even to think of, are gathering together against you?”

One day he was again lying in bed. Then something passed under his pillow saying the same words as before. Then he seized his bow and went out. After he had looked about on the surface of the salt water he glanced upward. A thunderbird flew about above the town. It carried [his grandfather’s] town in its claws.

Then he went to the old man and said to him: “Grandfather, they are coming after me.” “What is the bow of the canoe like?” “A thunderbird is flying about above the town. He carries a town in his talons.” And the old man said to him: “Now, brave man, shoot it with arrows.”

Again he lay in bed in the morning. Again something, passing beneath his pillow, said: “He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side, are you awake? Do you not feel that the supernatural beings, whom people are afraid even to think of, are coming together against you?” Then he seized his bow quickly and ran out. And around a point at one end of the town came ten canoes with red bows.

Still another time, while he was lying down, something passing under his pillow spoke the same words as before. Then he picked up his bow and ran out. And he looked at those who were coming. The bows of their canoes had vertical stripes.

After another space of time had elapsed, something again said as it had said before: “He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side, are you awake? Do you not feel that the supernatural beings, whom people are afraid even to think of, are coming together against you?” Then he picked up his bow and ran out. Again there were ten canoes with red paintings on their bows.

By and by, something went along under his pillow, saying the same thing it had said before, and he again laid hold of his bow. Again ten canoes with their bows painted red were coming along.

Then he went to the old man. “Grandfather, they are coming to me by sea.” “What do the canoe bows look like?” “The edges of the sky come burning.” “Alas! Alas! I wonder what will happen. Now, brave man, scatter the bones of the town people about in front of the town and stand the sides and ends of the grave boxes on their edges in front of the houses. People always endeavor to stop it that way, brave man.”

And, after it had come along burning for a while, it came to the human bones. After some time had passed it burned through. It burned through in another place. By and by it came landward faster, without having been stopped. When it reached the sides and ends of the grave boxes it stopped there also.

He put on his five blankets and put his mother in his armpit. His wife he put in the knot in his hair. Then he walked about behind [the boxes]. After some time those were also thrown down by the fire. Immediately he started off.

After he had gone toward the middle of this island for a while, something said to him: “This way, grandson; my house is strong.” At once he turned thither. He entered the house and sat down. While he sat there the noise of burning sounded on top of his house. After a while a red hole was burned through the roof of his house. Then they pulled him up. They struck him from behind with their fists. When he bent over to go out one of his blankets was burned off. That was Fallen-tree-lying-with-one-end-in-the-water whose house he was in.

After he had gone on for a while [something said]: “This way, grandson; my house is strong.” Then he entered and sat down. The roof of that was also burned through. Then they pushed him out. When he was burned another blanket was burned off. That was Yellow-cedar’s house, they say.

After he had run for some time longer something else called to him, “This way, grandson; my house is strong.” He entered and sat down. After it had burned on the roof of the house for a while there was again a red hole there. Then they pushed him out. Another one was lost. That was Yew’s house, they say.

And, after he had gone some time longer, something called him in. “This way, grandson; my house is strong.” He entered and sat down. After he had sat there for a while there was another red hole in the roof of the house. Then they drove him out with their fists. When he bent down to go out, a blanket was burned off. His mother was also burned away. That was Rock’s house, they say.

And, after he had gone on a while longer, something else called him in, “This way, grandson; my house is very strong.” Then he went in and sat down. The noise of fire was heard on the roof for a while, and, when it stopped, he went out. That was Swamp’s house, they say.

After he had wandered about upon this island for a while he heard the sound of a hammer. He went thither. Lo! an old man was repairing a canoe with cedar limbs. Where it had not had a crack he split it with his wedge. He made holes about this with his gimlet and sewed the place together again.

After he had looked at him a while, he stole his gimlet and went under a clump of ferns with it. Then the old man hunted for his gimlet. Then he put his finger nails into his mouth. Presently he said: “Grandson, if it is you, come to me. News has come about you that Burning-sky pursued you for your five blankets.”

So [Heron] flew away. He sat on a kelp floating about in front of the burned town. After he had sat watching for a while he speared something with his beak. An eel was moving in his mouth. He swallowed it. Then he flew away again and sat near the canoe.

Then he said to him: “Now, grandson, come with me. Go out and look for your blankets again. Those on the other side are not chiefs. Now, grandson, go and get the canoe. You are going to see your blankets.” The old man got into the stern also, and they went oceanward.

And he gave him these directions: “When I go in look toward the rear of the house. After your poor nephew has danced go over and get your blankets. And you will also get your mother neatly.”

Then he landed. He went up. And he had a little box in his hand. He had a baton. When he got inside, he stretched himself. Lo! his blankets were hung in the rear of the house. His mother also sat in front of them. He sat down in the middle of the side of the house. The house had ten rows of retaining timbers.

Then he hunted in his small box. He took his nephew out of it, wā-ā-ā-ā-ā. And he stood him up. He began dancing. He took the end of his wing in his mouth. After he had moved backward a while, the people in the house [said] “S-s-s-s-s-s” [with pleasure]. Those on the top step went to sleep at the sight.

Then he took his baton and put it back into the box. “Enough. I think he has danced a long time.” He put him away. Then He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side went to the rear of the house, put on his blankets, and took his mother. Then the old man went out quickly. They got into the canoe and went off.

When they were halfway home it came burning after them again. When it got near, he breathed toward it, and it stopped. Then they came home, and he went up.

Again his five blankets were burned off, and his mother as well. He reached for his wife. She, too, was gone. They took her away from him to marry her, they say.

Then he wandered on aimlessly. After he had gone along a while he let himself fall to the ground and wept. He looked toward the forest. All the trees wept with him. Then he looked seaward. All the fishes beneath its surface wept with him. Now he had his fill of crying and went on again.

After he had wandered on for a while [he heard] some people laughing and talking. And he went thither. They were trying to shoot leaves off of a big tree. As soon as they had shot one down they ate it. When he got there they moved back from it. “He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side is going to shoot,” they said.

Then they sent for her, and she came by canoe. She took all of its eggs. These she began to plant. They were spread all over this island.

This short story is given as if it were a purely Haida myth, but from an abstract of another version obtained in 1878 by Dr. G. M. Dawson it would seem possible that it came originally from the mainland. The abstract referred to runs as follows:

“Long ago the Indians (first people or ancient people—thlin-thloo-hait) had no tobacco, and one plant only existed, growing somewhere far inland in the interior of the Stickeen country. This plant was caused to grow by the deity, and was like a tree, very large and tall. With a bow and arrows a man shot at its summit, where the seed was, and at last brought down one or two seeds, which he carried away, carefully preserved, and sowed in the following spring. From the plants thus procured all the tobacco afterward cultivated sprung.” (Dawson’s Report on the Queen Charlotte Islands, Montreal, 1880.)

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Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · The Northwestern Flicker (Colaptes cafer saturatior, Ridgw.). ↑Note 2 · These two sentences, which sound ridiculous in English, are rendered necessary here by the fact that Haida has only one personal pronoun forNote 3 · The ancient doorway through the foot of the house pole was closed by a plank hinged at the top. ↑Note 4 · Ḷ indicates the shape of a bow. When a supernatural being was born he grew up quickly, and soon cried for a bow, but would only be satisfiedNote 5 · The Western Winter Wren (Troglodytes hiemalis pacificus, Baird). ↑Note 6 · The Rusty Song Sparrow (Melospiza fasciata guttata, Nutt.). ↑Note 7 · Anas boschas, Linn. ↑Note 8 · The Canada Goose (Branta canadensis, Linn.). ↑Note 9 · See the story of Sacred-one-standing-and-moving, note 2. ↑Note 10 · Or Harbor Seal (Phoca largha, Pallas). ↑Note 11 · Balænoptera retifera, Cope. ↑Note 12 · The name for all woodpeckers is the same. ↑ a bNote 13 · Louisiana Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana, Wils.). ↑Note 14 · I have not identified this bird. It is said to be small. ↑Note 15 · The word for blue jay here is rather unusual and is so nearly like that applied to the kinglet (łtᴀ′ndjîget) that my interpreter may have maNote 16 · His story comes next. ↑Note 17 · A variety of the Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias, Linn.). ↑Note 18 · Letting out the bones of the inhabitants of this town whom he had swallowed. Perhaps the story of how this town was destroyed should have prNote 19 · A low plant with white seed vessels. There are said to be sharp points around the bottom of its stalk, referred to as Î′nłîñ-tcꜝîñ or Î′nłîñNote 20 · Or Cohoe (Onchorynchus kisutch, Walbaum). ↑Note 21 · Onchorynchus keta, Walbaum. ↑Note 22 · I do not know just what insects are referred to under the names of ku′ndax̣uñ and sqā′-i. ↑ a bNote 23 · Compare the story of Łᴀguadjî′na. ↑Note 24 · This is the commonest Haida tree, the word for spruce and that for tree being, indeed, identical. ↑Note 25 · That is, “human beings.” ↑Note 26 · That is, he instructs Heron how he is to act in future times, or how men are to see him. ↑Note 27 · Grus mexicana, Mull. ↑Note 28 · Haida, ʟga. ↑Note 29 · Certhia familiaris occidentalis, Ridgw. This identification of the Haida name is a little uncertain. ↑Note 30 · The word for cousin indicates a woman of the other clan, which in this case must have been the Eagle clan, the hero being himself a Raven. INote 31 · She was a chief’s child. She was a woman.1 When she went out, they braced the hanging door open for her, and she went out frequently.2 One dNote 32 · And very soon he began to creep. Before he had eaten anything he began to walk. One day he started to cry. He said: “Ha ʟ̣”3 Then she made aNote 33 · After he had been gone for some time, he brought in some wrens4 and said to his mother: “Pick and eat them.” Then his mother picked them andNote 34 · Then he again went off. He came back. He brought many song sparrows,5 and his mother steamed them and ate. But he did not eat. Next day he wNote 35 · And next day he started off again. He brought in a number of geese.7 He went off the next day. He brought a white porpoise,8 and he brought Note 36 · Then he started off again. He stayed away longer than usual and brought in many flickers.11 Then he said to his mother: “After you have skinNote 37 · Next day he went out and brought home woodpeckers.12 Then she treated those in the same way in order to make a blanket. After she had finishNote 38 · And he again picked him up and threw him at the baton. He became a woodpecker12 and climbed up it. Again those in the house said, “S-s-s-s-sNote 39 · Then he again set out. After he had stayed away longer than before he brought in a bunch of tanagers.13 Those, too, his mother made [into a Note 40 · Next day he started off again and brought home a bunch of sixᴀsʟdᴀ′lgaña.14 Those his mother also sewed into a blanket. And, when it was finNote 41 · The next day he went out again. [He got] blue jays,15 and his mother sewed those together.Note 42 · After that he again started off. After he had been absent for some time he returned with the daughter of He-who-travels-behind-us,16 whom heNote 43 · Then he ran out. He saw nothing. And he went out again. He pulled along an old man and made him sit at the end of the town. That was Heron,1Note 44 · Now he shot it with the one that had the figure of a mouse upon it, and it dropped the town. Lo and behold! he (the thunderbird) burst.18 HeNote 45 · Then he went over to his grandfather. “Grandfather, they are coming to fight with me by sea.” And his grandfather asked him what the bows ofNote 46 · Then he again went to his grandfather. “They are coming by sea to fight with me.” And he said: “Stop! brave man, what are the bows of their Note 47 · Then he went to his grandfather. “They are coming after me by sea, grandfather.” “Stop! brave man, what are the bows of their canoes like?” Note 48 · Then he started off to his grandfather. “They are coming against me by sea.” “What, brave man, what do the bows of their canoes look like?” Note 49 · And he again lay in bed. Something passed hurriedly under his pillow. “He-who-was-born-from-his-mother’s-side, are you awake? Do you not feeNote 50 · After he had run about something else called him in. “Come in, grandson; my house is strong.” And he went in and sat down. After he had sat Note 51 · Then he went to him. He gave him his gimlet. It was old and rotten, they say. Then he made one for him. He also gave him a whetstone. Then hNote 52 · They went, went, went a while and came to his town, to Burning-sky’s town. Then they came down to meet him. Part of them also filled the houNote 53 · After he had danced a while, he stuck his baton up, took [his nephew] and threw him at it. At once he was a weasel28 climbing up on it. AgaiNote 54 · By and by he picked him up again. He threw him at it. He climbed up as a California creeper.29 Again [they said], “S-s-s-s-s-s.” Again [a roNote 55 · Then he shot at it. He shot it near the base. It began to fall. He made the supernatural beings rejoice by his shot. And he said, “Take care
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