INDEX

The numbers in Clarendon type refer to the most important places where the subject is considered.

A

Abduction of women, 525, 535, 554

Adoption, 549

Adultery, 525, 529

Æsthetic appreciation, 26, 570, 715

Afterbirth, 190, 323

Age, telling, 416, 469, 480

Alcohol, 476, 581

Ancestor-worship, 446

Ancestors, offerings to, 293, 297, 309 taboo on names of, 462

Anniversary ceremony for the dead, 373

Archæology of Nilgiris, 711, 717

Arrians, 402, 717

Arrow, 280, 333, 586. See also Bow

Ashes, put on face, 269, 324, 326, 579

Astronomy, 592, 634

Atonement, 274, 298, 300, 306, 310, 449

Aunt, paternal, 332, 488, 500

B

Badagas, 6, 15, 29, 90, 98, 102, 108, 133, 137, 160, 181, 237, 261, 323, 336, 342, 377, 541, 550, 559, 589, 594, 598, 604, 616, 624, 680, 694, 705, 723

Barley, 60, 321, 332, 380, 435, 600

Basil, holy, 435

Bastardy, 531, 546, 665

Bathing, ceremonial, 103, 303, 307, 317, 354, 390

Bear, 267

Bees, 118, 191, 196, 198, 266

Begging, 7, 202

Bells, 40, 66 et seq., 197, 208, 235, 352, 376, 383, 389, 419, 424, 447, 712, 725

Betting, 386, 597

Birch, Mr., 472

Blood, 201, 282, 375, 390

Boar, wild, 138

Bones, used in sorcery, 259 as relics of dead, 365, 697

Borrowing, of customs, 319, 377, 410, 424, 435, 451, 555, 579, 594, 633, 686, 702 of words, 484, 602

Bow and arrow, 199, 319 et seq., 366, 376, 381, 392–5, 397, 516 et seq., 533, 539, 547, 586, 639, 697, 705, 715

Brahman, 75

Brahmanism, 4, 718

Breeding of buffaloes, 48

Breeks, Mr. J. W., 14, 16, 103, 184, 199, 203, 207, 211, 287, 313, 365, 377, 385, 423, 428, 444, 473, 559, 572, 579, 596, 604, 609, 610, 612, 613, 630, 635, 636, 639, 640, 712

Bribery, 508, 525

Bride-price, 502, 522

Bronze, 118, 207, 712

Broom, 32, 72, 135, 246, 381, 585, 697

Buddha, 591

Buffaloes, 47 et seq., 428 creation of, 184, 186, 188, 192 giving salt to, 175 killed at funerals, 349, 375, 390 migrations of, 123, 204, 406 offerings of, 292 ownership and inheritance of, 70, 560 pedigrees of, 470

Building, 584

Burial, of children, 324, 391, 479 of afterbirth, 323 of ashes at funeral, 382 vestiges of, 402

Burnell, Mr. A. C., 476

Burton, Sir R., 439

Butter, 50 clarification of, 242

Buttermilk, 50, 64, 107, 166, 209, 242 put on bell, 247

C

Cairns, 219, 444, 451, 619, 712

Caldwell, Bishop, 603

Calendar, 590, 634

Canarese, 494, 602

Caste, 34, 679

Cat, 284, 431, 433

Cat’s cradle, 600

Caul, 324

Caves, 184, 190, 191, 224

Celibacy, 80, 99, 236

Census, 469, 473

Cephalic index, 18, 708

Charms (amulets), 269, 333, 428

Chieftainship, 551, 556

Childbirth, 313, 323

Children, 18, 576 funerals of, 391

Chillies, 103, 266

Christianity, 458

Churning, 52 et seq.

Churning-stick, 60, 89, 108, 111, 126, 134, 135, 185, 190

Cicatrices. See Skin-marks

Clans, 16, 34, 186, 505, 631, 643 gods of, 449

Cloth, giving at marriage, 502, 537 699, 705, 717

Cloth-giving ceremony at funeral, 358 et seq., 396, 537, 701, 717

Clothing, 30, 571 ancient, 196, 237, 330, 366 of dairymen, 62 et seq. of dead, 342

Clubs, 381, 383, 586, 715

Coagulation of milk. See Curd

Cochin, 699, 711

Coconuts, 361

Colour-blindness, 532

Communion with the divine, 232

Conception, miraculous, 191, 196

Cooking, 581, 728

Coorg, 114, 697, 705

Corroboration of evidence, 10

Council, 550 of gods, 182, 444

Counting, method of, 590

Cream, 168,

Creation, of buffaloes, 49, 184, 186, 188, 190 of man, 184, 459, 640, 711

Cremation, 337, 343, 361, 403

Crime, 553

Crooke, Mr. W., 586, 696, 698

Cross, 199

Crow, 139, 269

Curd, 49, 64, 171, 242

Cursing, 138, 140, 194, 196

D

Dairy, 38 et seq., 231, 422 as funeral-hut, 339 imitation, 315, 324, 330 offences against, 295, 399 orientation of, 46, 116, 436 purification of, 128, 136, 160, 163, 169, 179, 305

Dairy-vessels, 58, 89, 133 buried, 167, 242, 422 burnt at funeral, 379 imitation, 315, 324 purification of, 109, 136, 163, 168

Dairymen, 38 et seq. gods as, 185, 194, 448 sanctity of, 448, 680

Dancing, 378, 384, 601 devil-, 249

Days, lucky, 410 sacred, 405

Death, origin of, 185, 400

Deathbed, 341

Debt, 566

Deception, 257

Defilement, 181, 234, 315, 426

Deification of mortals, 193, 203, 446

Demon, 269

Descent, female, 546, 709 laws of, 546

Disease, 215

Divination, 249, 309, 384, 392, 450, 635, 703, 725

Division of labour, 249, 271

Divorce, 508, 525, 535

Dog, 196, 267, 433

Dowry, 504, 563

Dravidians, 494

Dubois, the Abbé, 5, 701

Dung, buffalo, 32, 142, 151, 173 et seq., 196, 205, 228, 305, 406, 580, 583, 656

E

Eagle, 196

Ears, of sacrificed calf, 284 split, of calf, 278, 302

Ear-piercing, 334, 391

Earth in ceremonial, 163 et seq., 295, 343 et seq., 390, 402

Earthworm, 265

East, 46, 94, 136

Eclipse, of sun, 592 of moon, 593

Eighteen, 98, 103, 184, 415

Eldest son, special portion for, 560

Elephant, 387, 712

Emblems, 423, 585

Endogamy, 34, 504

Evasion of ceremonial laws, 328, 406, 454, 519, 670

Evil eye, 263, 332, 333, 387, 636

Exchange of brother and sister, 522

Exogamy, 34, 505

Expenses of ceremonial, 305, 335 method of sharing, 544, 558

Expiation, 140, 554

F

Face, ceremony of uncovering a child’s, 331 downwards at cremation, 363

Family, 541, 545, 558 average size of, 474–7

Fasting, 126, 133, 135, 168, 170, 291, 294, 303, 305, 307, 354, 370, 390, 592, 593

Fatherhood, 322, 517, 547, 564

Fawcett, Mr. F., 331, 402, 697, 707, 709, 717

Feasts, 83, 161, 164, 167, 169, 170, 232, 292, 304, 305, 306, 310, 321, 332, 335, 369, 405, 409, 524, 558, 592, 597, 662

Ferns, 58, 128, 129, 180

Fertility, 474–7

Finicio, Father Y., 99, 104, 250, 635, 693, 721

Fire ceremony, 290 making, 437, 581 sanctity of, 437 special wood for, 148, 152, 158, 174, 276, 344, 379, 438

Fire-sticks, 60, 291, 438, 582

Five, 91, 257, 413

Flesh, eating, 209, 285, 290, 640, 727 of sambhar, 309, 432, 456

Floods, 215

Flowers, telling time by, 321 telling age by, 415

Folk-tales, 47, 114, 664, 676. See also Mythology

Food, 580 for the dead, 361, 380, 382 restrictions on, 102, 370, 406

Fords, 131, 418

Frenzy during divination, 253

Fright, remedy for, 268

Frog, 265

Funeral ceremonies, 337 et seq., 727

Future life, 397, 403

G

Gall-bladder, 281, 284

Games, 385, 596

Genealogical method, 11, 461, 465, 483, 619, 691

Genealogies, 461, 565 of buffaloes, 470, 548

Geographical position, 4

Ghi. See Butter

Gifts, of buffaloes, 320, 332, 336, 396, 562 of money, 329, 335, 396

God, a supreme, 386, 456, 595

Gods, 182, 443 Hindu, 211, 251, 273, 457

Gourd, 203

Government, 101, 550. See Council

Great Bear, 594

Greetings, 497. See Salutations

Grigg, Mr. H. B., 472, 557, 679

Guimet Museum, 75

H

Haddon, Dr. A. C., 3

Hair, as funeral relic, 364, 379 cutting, 103, 333 in magic, 257, 267 methods of wearing, 369, 574, 724 tying, in ceremonial, 92, 221

Hairiness of Todas, 18, 708

Half-breeds, existence of, 532

Hand-burning, ceremony of, 313 et seq., 366, 394

Hare, 592

Harkness, Capt. H., 14, 15, 26, 159, 287, 422, 427, 429, 437, 473, 516, 536, 563, 574, 579, 610, 620, 630, 632, 650, 664, 672, 695

Head, covering the, 345, 365, 367, 369, 394

Hell, 399

Hero-worship, 446, 452

Hills, fire ceremony on, 290 relation of gods to, 183 et seq., 443

Hinduism, 269, 457, 696

Hindus, customs borrowed from, 273, 410, 579 objects borrowed from, 90, 108, 381, 572

Hoe, 268, 402

Homicide, 195, 197, 261, 262, 555

Honey, 191, 266, 291, 321, 361, 500, 580, 592, 642

Hos, 697

Hough, Rev. J., 365, 472, 695

House. See Hut

Hunter, Sir W. W., 604

Hut, 28, 220, 583 funeral, 339 et seq. imitated in ceremony, 328 mud, 313, 584 ownership of, 558

Hypnotic condition, 254

I

Idols, 426

Illness, 251, 256, 297, 306, 309, 371, 399, 408, 525, 557, 578, 626

Images, 458

Impurity, 102, 131, 135, 244, 326, 327, 368, 403, 567

Incantations. See Spells

Incest, 156, 505, 530

Infant marriage, 502, 523

Infanticide, 478, 518, 520, 554, 691

Inheritance, 11, 560. See also Descent of magical powers, 249, 256 of youngest son, 559

Insects, 215, 265

Intelligence, 20, 531, 551, 567

Intermediaries, 234, 258

Invocation of deities, 229

Irulas, 6, 191, 210, 642

Izhavas, 700

J

Jackal, 432

Jaggery. See Sugar

Jealousy, 194, 399, 516, 530

Jervis, Lieut. H., 431

Jews, 459, 710

Journey to the next world, 398

Jupiter, 595

K

Kanisans, 699

Keloid, 578

Keys, Mr. W., 1, 472, 694

Kidneys, 281

Killing calf at sacrifice, 279

Kin, salutations to, 320 duties of, 498

Kinship, 483

Kite, 204 et seq.

Knee-cap, 365

Knife, 280, 333, 381, 585

Kois, 698

Kotas, 6, 48, 52, 108, 121, 195, 197, 200, 364, 377, 397, 585, 635, 715

Kurumbas, 6, 185, 191, 200, 201, 209, 262, 378, 555, 632, 640, 641

L

Lameness, 199, 210, 251

Laments, funeral, 356, 384 et seq., 490

Land, ownership of, 6, 557, 632

Language, 602

Leaf-cup, 75

Leeches, 399

Left hand or side, 92, 145, 239, 273, 342, 355, 366, 528

Levirate, 519

Life-token, 423

Light, reverence to, 34, 213, 437

Limes, used in sorcery, 259

Liver, 281, 284, 286

Lizard, 265

Luck. See Days and Omens.

M

Macpherson, Lieut., 694

Magic, 249. See Sorcery

Malabar, 378, 459, 641, 688, 696, 698

Malayalam, 250, 254–5, 602, 702

Manu, 698

Marriage, 313, 321, 502 after death, 366, 392, 514, 701 communal, 531

Marshall, Col., 14, 48, 91, 159, 211, 341, 363, 427, 434, 470, 479, 483, 548, 610, 612

Measures, 588

Medicine, 209, 323, 634

Medicine-men, 271

Memorials of dead, 440

Migrations of buffaloes, 123

Milk, given to the dead, 342 restrictions on use of, 68, 102, 370, 406 sanctity of, 68, 231, 239, 429 water regarded as, 318, 327, 329

Milking, 53, 118

Money, 114, 325, 329, 360, 361, 380, 396, 405–6, 590, 659 Venetian, 590

Monsoon, 188

Months, 590

Moon, new, 132, 157, 167, 169, 170, 175, 291, 300, 315, 319, 327, 368, 389, 390, 411, 436, 590, 592 full, 411, 436, 592 figure in the, 592

Morality, 23, 476, 529

Morgan, Mr. L., 494

Mother-right, 547

Mourning, 339, 343, 355–6, 365, 374, 378, 380, 382 for buffaloes, 356

Mud-house, 313

Mundahs, 697

Murder. See Homicide

Music, 364, 382, 600, 638

Muzzy, Rev. C. F., 15, 287

Mysore, 108, 187, 193, 705

Mythology, 3, 77, 111, 116, 118, 121, 122, 182, 219, 228, 287, 400, 431, 439, 592, 595, 640, 647, 664

N

Naickers, 698

Nails (of fingers), 103, 268–9, 365, 406

Nairs, 331, 699 et seq., 707, 722

Nambutiris, 699, 701, 707

Name, change of, 625 giving, 332

Names of bells, 115, 117, 120, 208, 656 et seq. bows, 320 buffaloes, 47, 69, 71, 81, 113 dairies, 43, 113, 117, 119, 649 et seq. personal, 619 sacred, 216, 614 taboo on, 626

Nasal index, 18, 708

Nicknames, 624

Nine, 160, 415

Numbers, sacred, 412 et seq. uneven, 154, 412 See also Three, Five, Six, Seven Nine, Sixteen, Eighteen

Numerals, 588

O

Offerings, 274, 292 to Hindu gods, 457

Omens, 185, 201, 273

Omentum, 283

Opium, 476, 555, 581

Ordination, 144 et seq., 168, 276, 389, 406

Orientation, of houses, 583–4 of dairies, 46, 116, 436

Origin of Todas, 693

Ornaments, 103, 155, 322, 341, 361 376, 382, 528, 563, 579, 728 man wears woman’s, 376, 381

Ouchterlony, Capt., 472, 477

P

Padfield, Mr. J. E., 698

Pandavas, 613, 695, 699

Panyas, 210, 264, 642

Paramours, 366, 526

Pasturage, 123

Paternity, 548. See also Fatherhood

Paths, 26, 86, 105, 126, 224, 225

Pedigrees. See Genealogies

Personification, of dairy, 423 of bells, 426–7 of forces of nature, 447

Perumals, 710

Phallic worship, 447

Phonetics, 605

Physical characters of Todas, 18, 707

Pigments, 579

Pigs, 398

Pleiades, 593

Poetry, 600

Polyandry, 2, 464, 515, 531, 533 et seq., 538, 568, 696, 699, 705, 725, 727

Polygyny, 464, 519, 521, 549

Polynesia, 461

Pope, Rev. G. U., 435, 603–4, 610, 702

Population, 471

Porcupine, 267, 594

Possession, of men by gods, 200, 451 of buffaloes, 451

Pot broken at funeral, 383, 698, 701

Pounder, 32, 72, 135, 195, 246, 381–2, 399, 440, 585, 697

Prayer, 65, 76, 92, 94, 96, 98, 114, 126, 128, 135, 136, 137, 138, 149, 163, 168, 173, 174, 180, 182, 192, 204, 207, 211, 213, 235, 270, 278, 286, 288–9, 291, 303, 306, 307, 310, 312, 323, 334, 401, 422, 450, 453, 457, 571, 614, 621, 639, 647 relation to spell, 272

Pregnancy, ceremonies of, 313 et seq., 696

Property, 40, 70, 311, 392, 464, 541, 549, 557

Prophecy, 198

Propitiation, 274, 292, 311, 401, 449

Punishment, 298, 310, 449 vicarious, 351

Punnett, Mr. R. C., 474, 532, 691

Purgatory, 399

Purification, 92, 144 et seq., 367, 377, 389, 433, 684. See also Dairy, Dairy-vessels, Bathing

Purity, 244

Q

Quarrels, 257, 260, 295–6, 554

R

Rain, praying for, 215

Rangachari, Mr. K., 494, 738

Rats, 398, 431

Red cloth, 254, 361 pigments, 579

Reddies, 698

Relics, 364, 367, 373 et seq., 428

Religion, 442 degeneration of, 312, 453, 460, 714 relation to magic, 272, 459

Rib, creation of woman from, 184, 458

Rice, Mr. Lewis, 114

Riddles, 599

Right hand or side, 239, 273, 325, 342, 348, 386

Rings, 174, 185, 201, 306, 361, 366, 428, 579

Ritual, 38, 231, 452, 718

River-gods, 187, 250, 418, 444

Rivers, 418, 501

S

Sabbath, 411–2, 459

Sacrifice, 210, 219, 241, 274

Salt, 142, 166, 174, 175 et seq., 232, 263–4, 285, 321, 335, 726, 727

Salutations, 31, 34, 65, 95, 101, 189, 258, 278, 304, 320, 332, 356, 399, 417, 419, 496, 502, 528, 630, 636, 641 to buffaloes, 355, 429 to the dead, 343, 370, 379, 498 to jackal, 432 to tiger, 431

Sambhar, 49, 71, 191, 201, 309, 387, 432, 630

Saoras, 697

Sastri, Mr. Natesa, 321, 334, 358

Schmid, B., 15, 591, 602

Sea, 121, 425

Seclusion, after childbirth, 245, 295, 324, 697, 705, 717 at puberty, 538 during pregnancy, 313

Servitude, 566

Seven, 57, 145 et seq., 228, 349, 385, 387, 414

Sexes, proportion of the, 472, 477

Shaving head, 195, 268, 391, 576, 663, 684, 727 of child, 18, 268, 332, 457, 576

Sickle, 141, 714, 724

Sieve, 32, 72, 135, 246, 381, 397, 585, 639, 697

Sin, 292, 300, 310, 377, 399, 554

Sin-bearer, 377

Sirius, 594

Sister’s son, 395, 397, 498

Six, 334, 385, 414

Sixteen, 415

Skin-colour, 18

Skin-marks, 576, 633

Smallpox, 209

Snake, 138, 216, 265, 267, 419, 593, 595, 710

Snake-bite, cure for, 267

Social organisation, 34

Sorcery, 171, 229, 255, 298, 450, 545, 632, 635, 690 of Irulas, 642 of Kurumbas, 185, 309, 555, 641

Spear, 203, 428, 712, 714

Spells, 257, 259, 264, 270, 272

Spirits, malignant, 403

Spleen, 274, 282, 284, 433

Springs, 85, 185, 219, 227–8

Squirrel, 265

Stars, 379, 593

Stone implement, 376, 390, 434, 585

Stone, lifting, 252, 406, 439, 597

Stones, in magic, 257, 267 memorial, 439, 597 people turned to, 187, 440 sacred, 438

Succession. See Descent

Suffocation of sacrificial animal, 288

Sugar, 137, 174, 321, 335, 361, 366, 380

Suicide, 202, 555

Sullivan, Mr., 556

Sun, 94, 126, 128, 206, 214, 223, 226, 324, 328, 331, 397, 436, 447, 592, 594

Survivals, 312, 315, 330, 402, 403, 428, 445, 574, 585, 586, 685, 688, 702

Symbolism, 363, 375

Syphilis, 476

T

Taboo, 231, 241, 494 on names, 462, 494, 624, 625, 626

Tail, cut, 278, 302

Tali, tying the, 321

Tamarind, 331, 702

Tamil, 602, 702

Tattooing, 578, 585

Teak wood, 349

Telegu, 494

Thanksgiving, 232

Thatch, 258, 268, 291, 326

Theft, 295, 555

Thorns, as needles, 585

Thread bridge, 399

Three, 67 et seq., 238, 264 et seq., 278, 303 et seq., 315, 343 et seq., 412, 501, 698

Threshold, 65, 92, 128, 145 et seq., 303 et seq., 315, 331, 423, 548

Thurston, Mr. E., 2, 14, 18, 255, 262, 321, 323, 345, 363, 373, 374, 377, 379, 384, 557, 574, 578, 580, 592, 596–7, 601, 610, 641, 642, 707, 738

Tiger, 138, 185, 189, 194, 214, 216, 267, 417, 431

Time, telling by means of flowers, 321

Tiyans, 699

Tobacco, 167, 295, 335, 361, 581

Torres Straits, 3, 461, 464, 530, 567, 599

Totemism, 432, 455, 540

Toys, 598

Transmigration, 204

Trees, 67, 185, 219, 433

Truthfulness, 10, 13, 156, 439, 466 test of, 421

Turban, 419, 574

Twins, 480

U

Uganda, 461

Umbilical cord, 323

Umbrella, 324, 381

Uncle, maternal, 190, 211, 226, 332, 333, 334, 336, 395, 444, 499, 500, 547, 619, 630

V

Vedic sacrifice, 288

Venus, 591, 593, 594, 620

Village, 23, 644, 734 ownership of, 558 sanctity of, 419

Villages extinct, 620, 651, 655, 675

Vows, 293, 298, 306, 575–6

W

Wainad, 188, 190, 200, 209, 225, 250, 338, 361, 381, 399, 420

Walhouse, Mr. M. J., 255, 345, 363, 383–4

Ward, Captain B. S., 472, 528, 694

Weapons, 381, 586, 716

Wells. See Springs

Whey, 50

Whitehouse, Rev. Thomas, 693

Widow, 241, 365, 367, 369, 370

Widower, 241, 365, 369, 370, 394, 519, 523, 571

Wives, transference of, 309, 523, 533 et seq., 554

Women, and magic, 272 exclusion from ceremonial, 135, 245, 285, 300, 354 intelligence, 22, 567 position of, 566 relations with dairymen, 62, 68, 72, 78, 99, 103, 155, 236 special paths for, 27, 673 special work of, 32, 49, 263, 567

Wood, special for fires, 148, 152, 158, 174, 276, 438, 582 special for funeral pyre, 344, 379

Worms, 266

Worship, 213, 441, 442, 448, 452, 453

Y

Yama, 397

Youngest son, special portion for, 559, 560.

R. CLAY AND SONS, LTD., BREAD ST. HILL, E.C., AND BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.