Introductory material (continued 36)
Reading edition
Finland: 17 July 1919
France: 28 September 1958, amended concerning election of president in 1962, amended to comply with provisions of EC Maastricht Treaty in 1992; amended to tighten immigration laws 1993
French Guiana: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
French Polynesia: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Gabon: adopted 14 March 1991
Gambia, The: 24 April 1970; suspended July 1994; rewritten and approved by national referendum 8 August 1996; reestablished in January 1997
Georgia: adopted 17 October 1995
Germany: 23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united German people 3 October 1990
Ghana: new constitution approved 28 April 1992
Gibraltar: 30 May 1969
Greece: 11 June 1975; amended March 1986
Greenland: 5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Grenada: 19 December 1973
Guadeloupe: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Guam: Organic Act of 1 August 1950
Guatemala: 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended 25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president; amended November 1993
Guernsey: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Guinea: 23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)
Guinea-Bissau: 16 May 1984, amended 4 May 1991, 4 December 1991, 26 February 1993, 9 June 1993, and 1996
Guyana: 6 October 1980
Haiti: approved March 1987; suspended June 1988, with most articles reinstated March 1989; in October 1991, government claimed to be observing the constitution; return to constitutional rule, October 1994
Holy See (Vatican City): Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1 March 1968)
Honduras: 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995
Hong Kong: Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution"
Hungary: 18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system
Iceland: 16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944
India: 26 January 1950
Indonesia: August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959
Iran: 2-3 December 1979; revised 1989 to expand powers of the presidency and eliminate the prime ministership
Iraq: 22 September 1968, effective 16 July 1970 (provisional constitution); new constitution drafted in 1990 but not adopted
Ireland: 29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebiscite
Israel: no formal constitution; some of the functions of a constitution are filled by the Declaration of Establishment (1948), the Basic Laws of the parliament (Knesset), and the Israeli citizenship law
Italy: 1 January 1948
Jamaica: 6 August 1962
Japan: 3 May 1947
Jersey: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Jordan: 8 January 1952
Kazakhstan: adopted by national referendum 30 August 1995; first post-independence constitution was adopted 28 January 1993
Kenya: 12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, and 1997
Kiribati: 12 July 1979
Korea, North: adopted 1948, completely revised 27 December 1972, revised again in April 1992 and September 1998
Korea, South: 25 February 1988
Kuwait: approved and promulgated 11 November 1962
Kyrgyzstan: adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 10 February 1996 significantly expands the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature
Laos: promulgated 14 August 1991
Latvia: the 1991 Constitutional Law which supplements the 1922 constitution, provides for basic rights and freedoms
Lebanon: 23 May 1926, amended a number of times, most recently Charter of Lebanese National Reconciliation (Taif Accord) of October 1989
Lesotho: 2 April 1993
Liberia: 6 January 1986
Libya: 11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977
Liechtenstein: 5 October 1921
Lithuania: adopted 25 October 1992
Luxembourg: 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
Macau: Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of: adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991
note: Democratic Party for Albanians (DPA), which is now a member party of the government, is calling for a rewrite of the constitution to declare ethnic Albanians a constituent national group and allow for greater regional autonomy
Madagascar: 19 August 1992 by national referendum
Malawi: 18 May 1994
Malaysia: 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963
Maldives: adopted January 1998
Mali: adopted 12 January 1992
Malta: 1964 constitution substantially amended on 13 December 1974
Man, Isle of: unwritten; note - The Isle of Man Constitution Act, 1961, does not embody the Manx Constitution
Marshall Islands: 1 May 1979
Martinique: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Mauritania: 12 July 1991
Mauritius: 12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992
Mayotte: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Mexico: 5 February 1917
Micronesia, Federated States of: 10 May 1979
Moldova: new constitution adopted 28 July 1994; replaces old Soviet constitution of 1979
Monaco: 17 December 1962
Mongolia: 12 February 1992
Montserrat: present constitution came into force 19 December 1989
Morocco: 10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create bicameral legislature) September 1996
Mozambique: 30 November 1990
Namibia: ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990
Nauru: 29 January 1968
Nepal: 9 November 1990
Netherlands: adopted 1814; amended many times, last time 17 February 1983
Netherlands Antilles: 29 December 1954, Statute of the Realm of the Netherlands, as amended
New Caledonia: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
New Zealand: consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter
Nicaragua: 9 January 1987, with reforms in 1995 and 2000
Niger: the constitution of January 1993 was revised by national referendum on 12 May 1996 and again by referendum on 18 July 1999
Nigeria: NA 1999 new constitution adopted
Niue: 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Norfolk Island: Norfolk Island Act of 1979
Northern Mariana Islands: Covenant Agreement effective 4 November 1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978
Norway: 17 May 1814, modified in 1884
Oman: none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal decree promulgating a new basic law which, among other things, clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees basic civil liberties for Omani citizens
Pakistan: 10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with amendments 30 December 1985; suspended 15 October 1999
Palau: 1 January 1981
Panama: 11 October 1972; major reforms adopted 1978, 1983 and 1994
Papua New Guinea: 16 September 1975
Paraguay: promulgated 20 June 1992
Peru: 31 December 1993
Philippines: 2 February 1987, effective 11 February 1987
Pitcairn Islands: 1838; reformed 1904 with additional reforms in 1940; further refined by the Local Government Ordinance of 1964
Poland: 16 October 1997; adopted by the National Assembly 2 April 1997; passed by national referendum 23 May 1997
Portugal: 25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982, 1 June 1989, 5 November 1992, and 3 September 1997
Puerto Rico: ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July 1952; effective 25 July 1952
Qatar: provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution
Reunion: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Romania: 8 December 1991
Russia: adopted 12 December 1993
Rwanda: on 5 May 1995, the Transitional National Assembly adopted as Fundamental Law the constitution of 18 June 1991, provisions of the 1993 Arusha peace accord, the July 1994 Declaration by the Rwanda Patriotic Front, and the November 1994 multiparty protocol of understanding
Saint Helena: 1 January 1989
Saint Kitts and Nevis: 19 September 1983
Saint Lucia: 22 February 1979
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 27 October 1979
Samoa: 1 January 1962
San Marino: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Sao Tome and Principe: approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990
Saudi Arabia: governed according to Shari'a (Islamic law); the Basic Law that articulates the government's rights and responsibilities was introduced in 1993
Senegal: 3 March 1963, revised 1991
Seychelles: 18 June 1993
Sierra Leone: 1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times
Singapore: 3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution)
Slovakia: ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993; changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president; amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership
Slovenia: adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991
Solomon Islands: 7 July 1978
Somalia: 25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979
note: the Transitional National Government formed in October 2000 has a mandate to create a new constitution and hold elections within three years
South Africa: 10 December 1996; this new constitution was certified by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996, was signed by then President MANDELA on 10 December 1996, and entered into effect on 3 February 1997; it is being implemented in phases
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands: adopted 3 October 1985
Spain: 6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978
Sri Lanka: adopted 16 August 1978
Sudan: 12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985; interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of 30 June 1989; new constitution implemented on 30 June 1998 partially suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR
Suriname: ratified 30 September 1987
Swaziland: none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been accepted
Sweden: 1 January 1975
Switzerland: 29 May 1874
Syria: 13 March 1973
Tajikistan: 6 November 1994
Tanzania: 25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984
Thailand: new constitution signed by King PHUMIPHON on 11 October 1997
Togo: multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992
Tokelau: administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970
Tonga: 4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967
Trinidad and Tobago: 1 August 1976
Tunisia: 1 June 1959; amended 12 July 1988
Turkey: 7 November 1982
Turkmenistan: adopted 18 May 1992
Turks and Caicos Islands: introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Tuvalu: 1 October 1978
Uganda: 8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995
Ukraine: adopted 28 June 1996
United Arab Emirates: 2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996)
United Kingdom: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
United States: 17 September 1787, effective 4 March 1789
Uruguay: 27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997
Uzbekistan: new constitution adopted 8 December 1992
Vanuatu: 30 July 1980
Venezuela: 30 December 1999
Vietnam: 15 April 1992
Virgin Islands: Revised Organic Act of 22 July 1954
Wallis and Futuna: 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Yemen: 16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001
Yugoslavia: 27 April 1992
Zambia: 2 August 1991
Zimbabwe: 21 December 1979
Taiwan: 1 January 1947, amended in 1992, 1994, 1997, and 1999
======================================================================
@Country name
Afghanistan: conventional long form: Islamic State of Afghanistan; note - the self-proclaimed Taliban government refers to the country as Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
conventional short form: Afghanistan
local long form: Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan
local short form: Afghanestan
former: Republic of Afghanistan
Albania: conventional long form: Republic of Albania
conventional short form: Albania
local long form: Republika e Shqiperise
local short form: Shqiperia
former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania
Algeria: conventional long form: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
conventional short form: Algeria
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyah
local short form: Al Jaza'ir
American Samoa: conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa
conventional short form: American Samoa
abbreviation: AS
Andorra: conventional long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra
Angola: conventional long form: Republic of Angola
conventional short form: Angola
local long form: Republica de Angola
local short form: Angola
former: People's Republic of Angola
Anguilla: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Anguilla
Antarctica: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Antarctica
Antigua and Barbuda: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina: conventional long form: Argentine Republic
conventional short form: Argentina
local long form: Republica Argentina
local short form: Argentina
Armenia: conventional long form: Republic of Armenia
conventional short form: Armenia
local long form: Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun
local short form: Hayastan
former: Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic; Armenian Republic
Aruba: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Aruba
Ashmore and Cartier Islands: conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands
conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Australia: conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia
conventional short form: Australia
Austria: conventional long form: Republic of Austria
conventional short form: Austria
local long form: Republik Oesterreich
local short form: Oesterreich
Azerbaijan: conventional long form: Republic of Azerbaijan
conventional short form: Azerbaijan
local long form: Azarbaycan Respublikasi
local short form: none
former: Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
Bahamas, The: conventional long form: Commonwealth of The Bahamas
conventional short form: The Bahamas
Bahrain: conventional long form: State of Bahrain
conventional short form: Bahrain
local long form: Dawlat al Bahrayn
local short form: Al Bahrayn
former: Dilmun
Baker Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Baker Island
Bangladesh: conventional long form: People's Republic of Bangladesh
conventional short form: Bangladesh
former: East Pakistan
Barbados: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Barbados
Bassas da India: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Bassas da India
Belarus: conventional long form: Republic of Belarus
conventional short form: Belarus
local long form: Respublika Byelarus'
local short form: none
former: Belorussian (Byelorussian) Soviet Socialist Republic
Belgium: conventional long form: Kingdom of Belgium
conventional short form: Belgium
local long form: Royaume de Belgique/Koninkrijk Belgie
local short form: Belgique/Belgie
Belize: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Belize
former: British Honduras
Benin: conventional long form: Republic of Benin
conventional short form: Benin
local long form: Republique du Benin
local short form: Benin
former: Dahomey
Bermuda: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Bermuda
former: Somers Islands
Bhutan: conventional long form: Kingdom of Bhutan
conventional short form: Bhutan
Bolivia: conventional long form: Republic of Bolivia
conventional short form: Bolivia
local long form: Republica de Bolivia
local short form: Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Bosnia and Herzegovina
local long form: none
local short form: Bosna i Hercegovina
Botswana: conventional long form: Republic of Botswana
conventional short form: Botswana
former: Bechuanaland
Bouvet Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Bouvet Island
Brazil: conventional long form: Federative Republic of Brazil
conventional short form: Brazil
local long form: Republica Federativa do Brasil
local short form: Brasil
British Indian Ocean Territory: conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory
conventional short form: none
abbreviation: BIOT
British Virgin Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: British Virgin Islands
abbreviation: BVI
Brunei: conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam
conventional short form: Brunei
Bulgaria: conventional long form: Republic of Bulgaria
conventional short form: Bulgaria
Burkina Faso: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Burkina Faso
former: Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta
Burma: conventional long form: Union of Burma
conventional short form: Burma
local long form: Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw (translated by the US Government as Union of Myanma and by the Burmese as Union of Myanmar)
local short form: Myanma Naingngandaw
former: Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
Burundi: conventional long form: Republic of Burundi
conventional short form: Burundi
local long form: Republika y'u Burundi
local short form: Burundi
former: Urundi
Cambodia: conventional long form: Kingdom of Cambodia
conventional short form: Cambodia
local long form: Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea
local short form: Kampuchea
former: Khmer Republic, Kampuchea Republic
Cameroon: conventional long form: Republic of Cameroon
conventional short form: Cameroon
former: French Cameroon
Canada: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Canada
Cape Verde: conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde
conventional short form: Cape Verde
local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde
local short form: Cabo Verde
Cayman Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Cayman Islands
Central African Republic: conventional long form: Central African Republic
conventional short form: none
local long form: Republique Centrafricaine
local short form: none
former: Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire
abbreviation: CAR
Chad: conventional long form: Republic of Chad
conventional short form: Chad
local long form: Republique du Tchad
local short form: Tchad
Chile: conventional long form: Republic of Chile
conventional short form: Chile
local long form: Republica de Chile
local short form: Chile
China: conventional long form: People's Republic of China
conventional short form: China
local long form: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo
local short form: Zhong Guo
abbreviation: PRC
Christmas Island: conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island
Clipperton Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Clipperton Island
local long form: none
local short form: Ile Clipperton
former: sometimes called Ile de la Passion
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Colombia: conventional long form: Republic of Colombia
conventional short form: Colombia
local long form: Republica de Colombia
local short form: Colombia
Comoros: conventional long form: Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros
conventional short form: Comoros
local long form: Republique Federale Islamique des Comores
local short form: Comores
Congo, Democratic Republic of the: conventional long form: Democratic Republic of the Congo
conventional short form: none
local long form: Republique Democratique du Congo
local short form: none
former: Congo Free State, Belgian Congo, Congo/Leopoldville, Congo/Kinshasa, Zaire
abbreviation: DROC
Congo, Republic of the: conventional long form: Republic of the Congo
conventional short form: none
local long form: Republique du Congo
local short form: none
former: Middle Congo, Congo/Brazzaville, Congo
Cook Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Cook Islands
former: Harvey Islands
Coral Sea Islands: conventional long form: Coral Sea Islands Territory
conventional short form: Coral Sea Islands
Costa Rica: conventional long form: Republic of Costa Rica
conventional short form: Costa Rica
local long form: Republica de Costa Rica
local short form: Costa Rica
Cote d'Ivoire: conventional long form: Republic of Cote d'Ivoire
conventional short form: Cote d'Ivoire
local long form: Republique de Cote d'Ivoire
local short form: Cote d'Ivoire
former: Ivory Coast
Croatia: conventional long form: Republic of Croatia
conventional short form: Croatia
local long form: Republika Hrvatska
local short form: Hrvatska
Cuba: conventional long form: Republic of Cuba
conventional short form: Cuba
local long form: Republica de Cuba
local short form: Cuba
Cyprus: conventional long form: Republic of Cyprus
conventional short form: Cyprus
note: the Turkish Cypriot area refers to itself as the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC)
Czech Republic: conventional long form: Czech Republic
conventional short form: Czech Republic
local long form: Ceska Republika
local short form: Ceska Republika
Denmark: conventional long form: Kingdom of Denmark
conventional short form: Denmark
local long form: Kongeriget Danmark
local short form: Danmark
Djibouti: conventional long form: Republic of Djibouti
conventional short form: Djibouti
former: French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland
Dominica: conventional long form: Commonwealth of Dominica
conventional short form: Dominica
Dominican Republic: conventional long form: Dominican Republic
conventional short form: none
local long form: Republica Dominicana
local short form: none
Ecuador: conventional long form: Republic of Ecuador
conventional short form: Ecuador
local long form: Republica del Ecuador
local short form: Ecuador
Egypt: conventional long form: Arab Republic of Egypt
conventional short form: Egypt
local long form: Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah
local short form: Misr
former: United Arab Republic (with Syria)
El Salvador: conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador
conventional short form: El Salvador
local long form: Republica de El Salvador
local short form: El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea: conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea
conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea
local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial
local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial
former: Spanish Guinea
Eritrea: conventional long form: State of Eritrea
conventional short form: Eritrea
local long form: Hagere Ertra
local short form: Ertra
former: Eritrea Autonomous Region in Ethiopia
Estonia: conventional long form: Republic of Estonia
conventional short form: Estonia
local long form: Eesti Vabariik
local short form: Eesti
former: Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
Ethiopia: conventional long form: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
conventional short form: Ethiopia
local long form: Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik
local short form: Ityop'iya
former: Abyssinia, Italian East Africa
abbreviation: FDRE
Europa Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Europa Island
local long form: none
local short form: Ile Europa
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Faroe Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Faroe Islands
local long form: none
local short form: Foroyar
Fiji: conventional long form: Republic of the Fiji Islands
conventional short form: Fiji
Finland: conventional long form: Republic of Finland
conventional short form: Finland
local long form: Suomen Tasavalta
local short form: Suomi
France: conventional long form: French Republic
conventional short form: France
local long form: Republique Francaise
local short form: France
French Guiana: conventional long form: Department of Guiana
conventional short form: French Guiana
local long form: none
local short form: Guyane
French Polynesia: conventional long form: Territory of French Polynesia
conventional short form: French Polynesia
local long form: Territoire de la Polynesie Francaise
local short form: Polynesie Francaise
former: French Colony of Oceania
French Southern and Antarctic Lands: conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands
local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises
local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises
Gabon: conventional long form: Gabonese Republic
conventional short form: Gabon
local long form: Republique Gabonaise
local short form: Gabon
Gambia, The: conventional long form: Republic of The Gambia
conventional short form: The Gambia
Gaza Strip: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Gaza Strip
local long form: none
local short form: Qita Ghazzah
Georgia: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Georgia
local long form: none
local short form: Sak'art'velo
former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Germany: conventional long form: Federal Republic of Germany
conventional short form: Germany
local long form: Bundesrepublik Deutschland
local short form: Deutschland
former: German Empire, German Republic, German Reich
Ghana: conventional long form: Republic of Ghana
conventional short form: Ghana
former: Gold Coast
Gibraltar: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Gibraltar
Glorioso Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Glorioso Islands
local long form: none
local short form: Iles Glorieuses
Greece: conventional long form: Hellenic Republic
conventional short form: Greece
local long form: Elliniki Dhimokratia
local short form: Ellas or Ellada
former: Kingdom of Greece
Greenland: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Greenland
local long form: none
local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat
Grenada: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Grenada
Guadeloupe: conventional long form: Department of Guadeloupe
conventional short form: Guadeloupe
local long form: Departement de la Guadeloupe
local short form: Guadeloupe
Guam: conventional long form: Territory of Guam
conventional short form: Guam
Guatemala: conventional long form: Republic of Guatemala
conventional short form: Guatemala
local long form: Republica de Guatemala
local short form: Guatemala
Guernsey: conventional long form: Bailiwick of Guernsey
conventional short form: Guernsey
Guinea: conventional long form: Republic of Guinea
conventional short form: Guinea
local long form: Republique de Guinee
local short form: Guinee
former: French Guinea
Guinea-Bissau: conventional long form: Republic of Guinea-Bissau
conventional short form: Guinea-Bissau
local long form: Republica da Guine-Bissau
local short form: Guine-Bissau
former: Portuguese Guinea
Guyana: conventional long form: Co-operative Republic of Guyana
conventional short form: Guyana
former: British Guiana
Haiti: conventional long form: Republic of Haiti
conventional short form: Haiti
local long form: Republique d'Haiti
local short form: Haiti
Heard Island and McDonald Islands: conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands
conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands
Holy See (Vatican City): conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City)
conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City)
local long form: Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano)
local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)
Honduras: conventional long form: Republic of Honduras
conventional short form: Honduras
local long form: Republica de Honduras
local short form: Honduras
Hong Kong: conventional long form: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
conventional short form: Hong Kong
local long form: Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu
local short form: Xianggang
abbreviation: HK
Howland Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Howland Island
Hungary: conventional long form: Republic of Hungary
conventional short form: Hungary
local long form: Magyar Koztarsasag
local short form: Magyarorszag
Iceland: conventional long form: Republic of Iceland
conventional short form: Iceland
local long form: Lyoveldio Island
local short form: Island
India: conventional long form: Republic of India
conventional short form: India
Indonesia: conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia
conventional short form: Indonesia
local long form: Republik Indonesia
local short form: Indonesia
former: Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
Iran: conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Iran
conventional short form: Iran
local long form: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran
local short form: Iran
former: Persia
Iraq: conventional long form: Republic of Iraq
conventional short form: Iraq
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah
local short form: Al Iraq
Ireland: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Ireland
Israel: conventional long form: State of Israel
conventional short form: Israel
local long form: Medinat Yisra'el
local short form: Yisra'el
Italy: conventional long form: Italian Republic
conventional short form: Italy
local long form: Repubblica Italiana
local short form: Italia
former: Kingdom of Italy
Jamaica: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Jamaica
Jan Mayen: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Japan: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Japan
Jarvis Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Jarvis Island
Jersey: conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey
conventional short form: Jersey
Johnston Atoll: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Johnston Atoll
Jordan: conventional long form: Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
conventional short form: Jordan
local long form: Al Mamlakah al Urduniyah al Hashimiyah
local short form: Al Urdun
former: Transjordan
Juan de Nova Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Juan de Nova Island
local long form: none
local short form: Ile Juan de Nova
Kazakhstan: conventional long form: Republic of Kazakhstan
conventional short form: Kazakhstan
local long form: Qazaqstan Respublikasy
local short form: none
former: Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
Kenya: conventional long form: Republic of Kenya
conventional short form: Kenya
former: British East Africa
Kingman Reef: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Kingman Reef
Kiribati: conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati
conventional short form: Kiribati
note: pronounced kir-ih-bahss
former: Gilbert Islands
Korea, North: conventional long form: Democratic People's Republic of Korea
conventional short form: North Korea
local long form: Choson-minjujuui-inmin-konghwaguk
local short form: none
note: the North Koreans generally use the term "Choson" to refer to their country
abbreviation: DPRK
Korea, South: conventional long form: Republic of Korea
conventional short form: South Korea
local long form: Taehan-min'guk
local short form: none
note: the South Koreans generally use the term "Han-guk" to refer to their country
abbreviation: ROK
Kuwait: conventional long form: State of Kuwait
conventional short form: Kuwait
local long form: Dawlat al Kuwayt
local short form: Al Kuwayt
Kyrgyzstan: conventional long form: Kyrgyz Republic
conventional short form: Kyrgyzstan
local long form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy
local short form: none
former: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
Laos: conventional long form: Lao People's Democratic Republic
conventional short form: Laos
local long form: Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao
local short form: none
Latvia: conventional long form: Republic of Latvia
conventional short form: Latvia
local long form: Latvijas Republika
local short form: Latvija
former: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
Lebanon: conventional long form: Lebanese Republic
conventional short form: Lebanon
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah
local short form: Lubnan
Lesotho: conventional long form: Kingdom of Lesotho
conventional short form: Lesotho
former: Basutoland
Liberia: conventional long form: Republic of Liberia
conventional short form: Liberia
Libya: conventional long form: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
conventional short form: Libya
local long form: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma
local short form: none
Liechtenstein: conventional long form: Principality of Liechtenstein
conventional short form: Liechtenstein
local long form: Fuerstentum Liechtenstein
local short form: Liechtenstein
Lithuania: conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania
conventional short form: Lithuania
local long form: Lietuvos Respublika
local short form: Lietuva
former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
Luxembourg: conventional long form: Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
conventional short form: Luxembourg
local long form: Grand Duche de Luxembourg
local short form: Luxembourg
Macau: conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region
conventional short form: Macau
local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese)
local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of: conventional long form: The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
conventional short form: none
local long form: Republika Makedonija
local short form: Makedonija
abbreviation: FYROM
Madagascar: conventional long form: Republic of Madagascar
conventional short form: Madagascar
local long form: Republique de Madagascar
local short form: Madagascar
former: Malagasy Republic
Malawi: conventional long form: Republic of Malawi
conventional short form: Malawi
former: British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland
Malaysia: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Malaysia
former: Federation of Malaysia
Maldives: conventional long form: Republic of Maldives
conventional short form: Maldives
local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa
local short form: Dhivehi Raajje
Mali: conventional long form: Republic of Mali
conventional short form: Mali
local long form: Republique de Mali
local short form: Mali
former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Malta: conventional long form: Republic of Malta
conventional short form: Malta
local long form: Repubblika ta' Malta
local short form: Malta
Man, Isle of: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Isle of Man
Marshall Islands: conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands
conventional short form: Marshall Islands
former: Marshall Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Martinique: conventional long form: Department of Martinique
conventional short form: Martinique
local long form: Departement de la Martinique
local short form: Martinique
Mauritania: conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Mauritania
conventional short form: Mauritania
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Islamiyah al Muritaniyah
local short form: Muritaniyah
Mauritius: conventional long form: Republic of Mauritius
conventional short form: Mauritius
Mayotte: conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte
conventional short form: Mayotte
Mexico: conventional long form: United Mexican States
conventional short form: Mexico
local long form: Estados Unidos Mexicanos
local short form: Mexico
Micronesia, Federated States of: conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia
conventional short form: none
former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
abbreviation: FSM
Midway Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Midway Islands
Moldova: conventional long form: Republic of Moldova
conventional short form: Moldova
local long form: Republica Moldova
local short form: none
former: Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova; Moldavia
Monaco: conventional long form: Principality of Monaco
conventional short form: Monaco
local long form: Principaute de Monaco
local short form: Monaco
Mongolia: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Mongolia
local long form: none
local short form: Mongol Uls
former: Outer Mongolia
Montserrat: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Montserrat
Morocco: conventional long form: Kingdom of Morocco
conventional short form: Morocco
local long form: Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah
local short form: Al Maghrib
Mozambique: conventional long form: Republic of Mozambique
conventional short form: Mozambique
local long form: Republica de Mocambique
local short form: Mocambique
former: Portuguese East Africa
Namibia: conventional long form: Republic of Namibia
conventional short form: Namibia
former: German Southwest Africa, South-West Africa
Nauru: conventional long form: Republic of Nauru
conventional short form: Nauru
former: Pleasant Island
Navassa Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Navassa Island
Nepal: conventional long form: Kingdom of Nepal
conventional short form: Nepal
Netherlands: conventional long form: Kingdom of the Netherlands
conventional short form: Netherlands
local long form: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
local short form: Nederland
Netherlands Antilles: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Netherlands Antilles
local long form: none
local short form: Nederlandse Antillen
former: Curacao and Dependencies
New Caledonia: conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies
conventional short form: New Caledonia
local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances
local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
New Zealand: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: New Zealand
abbreviation: NZ
Nicaragua: conventional long form: Republic of Nicaragua
conventional short form: Nicaragua
local long form: Republica de Nicaragua
local short form: Nicaragua
Niger: conventional long form: Republic of Niger
conventional short form: Niger
local long form: Republique du Niger
local short form: Niger
Nigeria: conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria
conventional short form: Nigeria
Niue: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue
former: Savage Island
Norfolk Island: conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island
Northern Mariana Islands: conventional long form: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
conventional short form: Northern Mariana Islands
former: Mariana Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Norway: conventional long form: Kingdom of Norway
conventional short form: Norway
local long form: Kongeriket Norge
local short form: Norge
Oman: conventional long form: Sultanate of Oman
conventional short form: Oman
local long form: Saltanat Uman
local short form: Uman
former: Muscat and Oman
Pakistan: conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Pakistan
conventional short form: Pakistan
former: West Pakistan
Palau: conventional long form: Republic of Palau
conventional short form: Palau
local long form: Beluu er a Belau
local short form: Belau
former: Palau District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Palmyra Atoll: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Palmyra Atoll
Panama: conventional long form: Republic of Panama
conventional short form: Panama
local long form: Republica de Panama
local short form: Panama
Papua New Guinea: conventional long form: Independent State of Papua New Guinea
conventional short form: Papua New Guinea
former: Territory of Papua and New Guinea
abbreviation: PNG
Paracel Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Paracel Islands
Paraguay: conventional long form: Republic of Paraguay
conventional short form: Paraguay
local long form: Republica del Paraguay
local short form: Paraguay
Peru: conventional long form: Republic of Peru
conventional short form: Peru
local long form: Republica del Peru
local short form: Peru
Philippines: conventional long form: Republic of the Philippines
conventional short form: Philippines
local long form: Republika ng Pilipinas
local short form: Pilipinas
Pitcairn Islands: conventional long form: Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands
conventional short form: Pitcairn Islands
Poland: conventional long form: Republic of Poland
conventional short form: Poland
local long form: Rzeczpospolita Polska
local short form: Polska
Portugal: conventional long form: Portuguese Republic
conventional short form: Portugal
local long form: Republica Portuguesa
local short form: Portugal
Puerto Rico: conventional long form: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
conventional short form: Puerto Rico
Qatar: conventional long form: State of Qatar
conventional short form: Qatar
local long form: Dawlat Qatar
local short form: Qatar
note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar
Reunion: conventional long form: Department of Reunion
conventional short form: Reunion
local long form: none
local short form: Ile de la Reunion
former: Bourbon Island
Romania: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Romania
local long form: none
local short form: Romania
Russia: conventional long form: Russian Federation
conventional short form: Russia
local long form: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya
local short form: Rossiya
former: Russian Empire, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Rwanda: conventional long form: Rwandese Republic
conventional short form: Rwanda
local long form: Republika y'u Rwanda
local short form: Rwanda
former: Ruanda
Saint Helena: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Helena
Saint Kitts and Nevis: conventional long form: Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
conventional short form: Saint Kitts and Nevis
former: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
Saint Lucia: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Lucia
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon
local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa: conventional long form: Independent State of Samoa
conventional short form: Samoa
former: Western Samoa
San Marino: conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe: conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe
conventional short form: Sao Tome and Principe
local long form: Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe
local short form: Sao Tome e Principe
Saudi Arabia: conventional long form: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
conventional short form: Saudi Arabia
local long form: Al Mamlakah al Arabiyah as Suudiyah
local short form: Al Arabiyah as Suudiyah
Senegal: conventional long form: Republic of Senegal
conventional short form: Senegal
local long form: Republique du Senegal
local short form: Senegal
Seychelles: conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles
conventional short form: Seychelles
Sierra Leone: conventional long form: Republic of Sierra Leone
conventional short form: Sierra Leone
Singapore: conventional long form: Republic of Singapore
conventional short form: Singapore
Slovakia: conventional long form: Slovak Republic
conventional short form: Slovakia
local long form: Slovenska Republika
local short form: Slovensko
Slovenia: conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia
conventional short form: Slovenia
local long form: Republika Slovenija
local short form: Slovenija
Solomon Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Solomon Islands
former: British Solomon Islands
Somalia: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Somalia
former: Somali Republic, Somali Democratic Republic
South Africa: conventional long form: Republic of South Africa
conventional short form: South Africa
former: Union of South Africa
abbreviation: RSA
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands: conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
conventional short form: none
Spain: conventional long form: Kingdom of Spain
conventional short form: Spain
local short form: Espana
Spratly Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Spratly Islands
Sri Lanka: conventional long form: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
conventional short form: Sri Lanka
former: Serendib, Ceylon
Sudan: conventional long form: Republic of the Sudan
conventional short form: Sudan
local long form: Jumhuriyat as-Sudan
local short form: As-Sudan
former: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Suriname: conventional long form: Republic of Suriname
conventional short form: Suriname
local long form: Republiek Suriname
local short form: Suriname
former: Netherlands Guiana, Dutch Guiana
Svalbard: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)
Swaziland: conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland
conventional short form: Swaziland
Sweden: conventional long form: Kingdom of Sweden
conventional short form: Sweden
local long form: Konungariket Sverige
local short form: Sverige
Switzerland: conventional long form: Swiss Confederation
conventional short form: Switzerland
local long form: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German), Confederation Suisse (French), Confederazione Svizzera (Italian)
local short form: Schweiz (German), Suisse (French), Svizzera (Italian)
Syria: conventional long form: Syrian Arab Republic
conventional short form: Syria
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Arabiyah as Suriyah
local short form: Suriyah
former: United Arab Republic (with Egypt)
Tajikistan: conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan
conventional short form: Tajikistan
local long form: Jumhurii Tojikiston
local short form: none
former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
Tanzania: conventional long form: United Republic of Tanzania
conventional short form: Tanzania
former: United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
Thailand: conventional long form: Kingdom of Thailand
conventional short form: Thailand
former: Siam
Togo: conventional long form: Togolese Republic
conventional short form: Togo
local long form: Republique Togolaise
local short form: none
former: French Togoland
Tokelau: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau
Tonga: conventional long form: Kingdom of Tonga
conventional short form: Tonga
former: Friendly Islands
Trinidad and Tobago: conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago
Tromelin Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tromelin Island
local long form: none
local short form: Ile Tromelin
Tunisia: conventional long form: Republic of Tunisia
conventional short form: Tunisia
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah at Tunisiyah
local short form: Tunis
Turkey: conventional long form: Republic of Turkey
conventional short form: Turkey
local long form: Turkiye Cumhuriyeti
local short form: Turkiye
Turkmenistan: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Turkmenistan
local long form: none
local short form: Turkmenistan
former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic
Turks and Caicos Islands: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Tuvalu: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tuvalu
former: Ellice Islands
Uganda: conventional long form: Republic of Uganda
conventional short form: Uganda
Ukraine: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Ukraine
local long form: none
local short form: Ukrayina
former: Ukrainian National Republic, Ukrainian State, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
United Arab Emirates: conventional long form: United Arab Emirates
conventional short form: none
local long form: Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah
local short form: none
former: Trucial Oman, Trucial States
abbreviation: UAE
United Kingdom: conventional long form: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
conventional short form: United Kingdom
abbreviation: UK
United States: conventional long form: United States of America
conventional short form: United States
abbreviation: US or USA
Uruguay: conventional long form: Oriental Republic of Uruguay
conventional short form: Uruguay
local long form: Republica Oriental del Uruguay
local short form: Uruguay
former: Banda Oriental, Cisplatine Province
Uzbekistan: conventional long form: Republic of Uzbekistan
conventional short form: Uzbekistan
local long form: Uzbekiston Respublikasi
local short form: none
former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
Vanuatu: conventional long form: Republic of Vanuatu
conventional short form: Vanuatu
former: New Hebrides
Venezuela: conventional long form: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
conventional short form: Venezuela
local long form: Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela
local short form: Venezuela
Vietnam: conventional long form: Socialist Republic of Vietnam
conventional short form: Vietnam
local long form: Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Nghia Viet Nam
local short form: Viet Nam
abbreviation: SRV
Virgin Islands: conventional long form: United States Virgin Islands
conventional short form: Virgin Islands
former: Danish West Indies
Wake Island: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Wake Island
Wallis and Futuna: conventional long form: Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands
conventional short form: Wallis and Futuna
local long form: Territoire des Iles Wallis et Futuna
local short form: Wallis et Futuna
West Bank: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: West Bank
Western Sahara: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Western Sahara
former: Spanish Sahara
Yemen: conventional long form: Republic of Yemen
conventional short form: Yemen
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah
local short form: Al Yaman
Yugoslavia: conventional long form: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
conventional short form: Yugoslavia
local long form: Savezna Republika Jugoslavija
local short form: Jugoslavija
Zambia: conventional long form: Republic of Zambia
conventional short form: Zambia
former: Northern Rhodesia
Zimbabwe: conventional long form: Republic of Zimbabwe
conventional short form: Zimbabwe
former: Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia
Taiwan: conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Taiwan
local long form: none
local short form: T'ai-wan
former: Formosa
======================================================================
@Currency
Afghanistan: afghani (AFA)
Albania: lek (ALL)
Algeria: Algerian dinar (DZD)
American Samoa: US dollar (USD)
Andorra: French franc (FRF); Spanish peseta (ESP); euro (EUR)
Angola: kwanza (AOA)
Anguilla: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Antigua and Barbuda: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Argentina: Argentine peso (ARS)
Armenia: dram (AMD)
Aruba: Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)
Australia: Australian dollar (AUD)
Austria: Austrian schilling (ATS); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Austria at a fixed rate of 13.7603 Austrian shillings per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Azerbaijan: Azerbaijani manat (AZM)
Bahamas, The: Bahamian dollar (BSD)
Bahrain: Bahraini dinar (BHD)
Bangladesh: taka (BDT)
Barbados: Barbadian dollar (BBD)
Belarus: Belarusian ruble (BYB/BYR)
Belgium: Belgian franc (BEF); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Belgium at a fixed rate of 40.3399 Belgian francs per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Belize: Belizean dollar (BZD)
Benin: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Bermuda: Bermudian dollar (BMD)
Bhutan: ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR)
Bolivia: boliviano (BOB)
Bosnia and Herzegovina: marka (BAM)
Botswana: pula (BWP)
Brazil: real (BRL)
British Virgin Islands: US dollar (USD)
Brunei: Bruneian dollar (BND)
Bulgaria: lev (BGL)
Burkina Faso: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Burma: kyat (MMK)
Burundi: Burundi franc (BIF)
Cambodia: riel (KHR)
Cameroon: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Canada: Canadian dollar (CAD)
Cape Verde: Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Cayman Islands: Caymanian dollar (KYD)
Central African Republic: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Chad: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Chile: Chilean peso (CLP)
China: yuan (CNY)
Christmas Island: Australian dollar (AUD)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: Australian dollar (AUD)
Colombia: Colombian peso (COP)
Comoros: Comoran franc (KMF)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the: Congolese franc (CDF)
Congo, Republic of the: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Cook Islands: New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Costa Rica: Costa Rican colon (CRC)
Cote d'Ivoire: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Croatia: kuna (HRK)
Cuba: Cuban peso (CUP)
Cyprus: Greek Cypriot area: Cypriot pound (CYP); Turkish Cypriot area: Turkish lira (TRL)
Czech Republic: Czech koruna (CZK)
Denmark: Danish krone (DKK)
Djibouti: Djiboutian franc (DJF)
Dominica: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Dominican Republic: Dominican peso (DOP)
Ecuador: US dollar (USD)
Egypt: Egyptian pound (EGP)
El Salvador: Salvadoran colon (SVC); US dollar (USD)
Equatorial Guinea: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Eritrea: nakfa (ERN)
Estonia: Estonian kroon (EEK)
Ethiopia: birr (ETB)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): Falkland pound (FKP)
Faroe Islands: Danish krone (DKK)
Fiji: Fijian dollar (FJD)
Finland: markka (FIM); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Finland at a fixed rate of 5.94573 markkaa per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
France: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in France at a fixed rate of 6.55957 French francs per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
French Guiana: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
French Polynesia: Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)
Gabon: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Gambia, The: dalasi (GMD)
Gaza Strip: new Israeli shekel (ILS)
Georgia: lari (GEL)
Germany: deutsche mark (DEM); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Germany at a fixed rate of 1.95583 deutsche marks per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Ghana: cedi (GHC)
Gibraltar: Gibraltar pound (GIP)
Greece: drachma (GRD); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Greece (which entered the European Monetary Union on 1 January 2001) at a fixed rate of 340.750 drachmae per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Greenland: Danish krone (DKK)
Grenada: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Guadeloupe: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Guam: US dollar (USD)
Guatemala: quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed
Guernsey: British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Guernsey pound
Guinea: Guinean franc (GNF)
Guinea-Bissau: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States; previously the Guinea-Bissau peso (GWP) was used
Guyana: Guyanese dollar (GYD)
Haiti: gourde (HTG)
Holy See (Vatican City): Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR)
Honduras: lempira (HNL)
Hong Kong: Hong Kong dollar (HKD)
Hungary: forint (HUF)
Iceland: Icelandic krona (ISK)
India: Indian rupee (INR)
Indonesia: Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
Iran: Iranian rial (IRR)
Iraq: Iraqi dinar (IQD)
Ireland: Irish pound (IEP); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Ireland at a fixed rate of 0.787564 Irish pounds per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Israel: new Israeli shekel (ILS)
Italy: Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Italy at a fixed rate of 1,936.27 Italian lire per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Jamaica: Jamaican dollar (JMD)
Japan: yen (JPY)
Jersey: British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound
Jordan: Jordanian dinar (JOD)
Kazakhstan: tenge (KZT)
Kenya: Kenyan shilling (KES)
Kiribati: Australian dollar (AUD)
Korea, North: North Korean won (KPW)
Korea, South: South Korean won (KRW)
Kuwait: Kuwaiti dinar (KWD)
Kyrgyzstan: Kyrgyzstani som (KGS)
Laos: kip (LAK)
Latvia: Latvian lat (LVL)
Lebanon: Lebanese pound (LBP)
Lesotho: loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)
Liberia: Liberian dollar (LRD)
Libya: Libyan dinar (LYD)
Liechtenstein: Swiss franc (CHF)
Lithuania: litas (LTL)
Luxembourg: Luxembourg franc (LUF); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Luxembourg at a fixed rate of 40.3399 Luxembourg francs per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Macau: pataca (MOP)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of: Macedonian denar (MKD)
Madagascar: Malagasy franc (MGF)
Malawi: Malawian kwacha (MWK)
Malaysia: ringgit (MYR)
Maldives: rufiyaa (MVR)
Mali: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Malta: Maltese lira (MTL)
Man, Isle of: British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Manx pound
Marshall Islands: US dollar (USD)
Martinique: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Mauritania: ouguiya (MRO)
Mauritius: Mauritian rupee (MUR)
Mayotte: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Mexico: Mexican peso (MXN)
Micronesia, Federated States of: US dollar (USD)
Moldova: Moldovan leu (MDL)
Monaco: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Mongolia: togrog/tugrik (MNT)
Montserrat: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Morocco: Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Mozambique: metical (MZM)
Namibia: Namibian dollar (NAD); South African rand (ZAR)
Nauru: Australian dollar (AUD)
Nepal: Nepalese rupee (NPR)
Netherlands: Netherlands guilder (NLG); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in the Netherlands at a fixed rate of 2.20371 Netherlands guilders per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Netherlands Antilles: Netherlands Antillean guilder (ANG)
New Caledonia: Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)
New Zealand: New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Nicaragua: gold cordoba (NIO)
Niger: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Nigeria: naira (NGN)
Niue: New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Norfolk Island: Australian dollar (AUD)
Northern Mariana Islands: US dollar (USD)
Norway: Norwegian krone (NOK)
Oman: Omani rial (OMR)
Pakistan: Pakistani rupee (PKR)
Palau: US dollar (USD)
Panama: balboa (PAB); US dollar (USD)
Papua New Guinea: kina (PGK)
Paraguay: guarani (PYG)
Peru: nuevo sol (PEN)
Philippines: Philippine peso (PHP)
Pitcairn Islands: New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Poland: zloty (PLN)
Portugal: Portuguese escudo (PTE); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Portugal at a fixed rate of 200.482 Portuguese escudos per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Puerto Rico: US dollar (USD)
Qatar: Qatari rial (QAR)
Reunion: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Romania: leu (ROL)
Russia: Russian ruble (RUR)
Rwanda: Rwandan franc (RWF)
Saint Helena: Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Saint Kitts and Nevis: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Saint Lucia: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Samoa: tala (WST)
San Marino: Italian lira (ITL); euro (EUR)
Sao Tome and Principe: dobra (STD)
Saudi Arabia: Saudi riyal (SAR)
Senegal: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Seychelles: Seychelles rupee (SCR)
Sierra Leone: leone (SLL)
Singapore: Singapore dollar (SGD)
Slovakia: Slovak koruna (SKK)
Slovenia: tolar (SIT)
Solomon Islands: Solomon Islands dollar (SBD)
Somalia: Somali shilling (SOS)
South Africa: rand (ZAR)
Spain: Spanish peseta (ESP); euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Spain at a fixed rate of 166.386 Spanish pesetas per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Sri Lanka: Sri Lankan rupee (LKR)
Sudan: Sudanese dinar (SDD)
Suriname: Surinamese guilder (SRG)
Svalbard: Norwegian krone (NOK)
Swaziland: lilangeni (SZL)
Sweden: Swedish krona (SEK)
Switzerland: Swiss franc (CHF)
Syria: Syrian pound (SYP)
Tajikistan: somoni
Tanzania: Tanzanian shilling (TZS)
Thailand: baht (THB)
Togo: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Tokelau: New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Tonga: pa'anga (TOP)
Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Tunisia: Tunisian dinar (TND)
Turkey: Turkish lira (TRL)
Turkmenistan: Turkmen manat (TMM)
Turks and Caicos Islands: US dollar (USD)
Tuvalu: Australian dollar (AUD); note - there is also a Tuvaluan dollar
Uganda: Ugandan shilling (UGX)
Ukraine: hryvnia (UAH)
United Arab Emirates: Emirati dirham (AED)
United Kingdom: British pound (GBP)
United States: US dollar (USD)
Uruguay: Uruguayan peso (UYU)
Uzbekistan: Uzbekistani sum (UZS)
Vanuatu: vatu (VUV)
Venezuela: bolivar (VEB)
Vietnam: dong (VND)
Virgin Islands: US dollar (USD)
Wallis and Futuna: Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)
West Bank: new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD)
Western Sahara: Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Yemen: Yemeni rial (YER)
Yugoslavia: new Yugoslav dinar (YUM); note - in Montenegro the German deutsche mark is legal tender (1999)
Zambia: Zambian kwacha (ZMK)
Zimbabwe: Zimbabwean dollar (ZWD)
Taiwan: new Taiwan dollar (TWD)
======================================================================
@Currency code
Afghanistan: AFA
Albania: ALL
Algeria: DZD
American Samoa: USD
Andorra: FRF; ESP; EUR
Angola: AOA
Anguilla: XCD
Antigua and Barbuda: XCD
Argentina: ARS
Armenia: AMD
Aruba: AWG
Australia: AUD
Austria: ATS; EUR
Azerbaijan: AZM
Bahamas, The: BSD
Bahrain: BHD
Bangladesh: BDT
Barbados: BBD
Belarus: BYB/BYR
Belgium: BEF; EUR
Belize: BZD
Benin: XOF
Bermuda: BMD
Bhutan: BTN; INR
Bolivia: BOB
Bosnia and Herzegovina: BAM
Botswana: BWP
Brazil: BRL
British Virgin Islands: USD
Brunei: BND
Bulgaria: BGL
Burkina Faso: XOF
Burma: MMK
Burundi: BIF
Cambodia: KHR
Cameroon: XAF
Canada: CAD
Cape Verde: CVE
Cayman Islands: KYD
Central African Republic: XAF
Chad: XAF
Chile: CLP
China: CNY
Christmas Island: AUD
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: AUD
Colombia: COP
Comoros: KMF
Congo, Democratic Republic of the: CDF
Congo, Republic of the: XAF
Cook Islands: NZD
Costa Rica: CRC
Cote d'Ivoire: XOF
Croatia: HRK
Cuba: CUP
Cyprus: CYP; TRL
Czech Republic: CZK
Denmark: DKK
Djibouti: DJF
Dominica: XCD
Dominican Republic: DOP
Ecuador: USD
Egypt: EGP
El Salvador: SVC; USD
Equatorial Guinea: XAF
Eritrea: ERN
Estonia: EEK
Ethiopia: ETB
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): FKP
Faroe Islands: DKK
Fiji: FJD
Finland: FIM; EUR
France: FRF; EUR
French Guiana: FRF; EUR
French Polynesia: XPF
Gabon: XAF
Gambia, The: GMD
Gaza Strip: ILS
Georgia: GEL
Germany: DEM; EUR
Ghana: GHC
Gibraltar: GIP
Greece: GRD; EUR
Greenland: DKK
Grenada: XCD
Guadeloupe: FRF; EUR
Guam: USD
Guatemala: GTQ; USD
Guernsey: GBP
Guinea: GNF
Guinea-Bissau: XOF; GWP
Guyana: GYD
Haiti: HTG
Holy See (Vatican City): ITL; EUR
Honduras: HNL
Hong Kong: HKD
Hungary: HUF
Iceland: ISK
India: INR
Indonesia: IDR
Iran: IRR
Iraq: IQD
Ireland: IEP; EUR
Israel: ILS
Italy: ITL; EUR
Jamaica: JMD
Japan: JPY
Jersey: GBP
Jordan: JOD
Kazakhstan: KZT
Kenya: KES
Kiribati: AUD
Korea, North: KPW
Korea, South: KRW
Kuwait: KWD
Kyrgyzstan: KGS
Laos: LAK
Latvia: LVL
Lebanon: LBP
Lesotho: LSL; ZAR
Liberia: LRD
Libya: LYD
Liechtenstein: CHF
Lithuania: LTL
Luxembourg: LUF; EUR
Macau: MOP
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of: MKD
Madagascar: MGF
Malawi: MWK
Malaysia: MYR
Maldives: MVR
Mali: XOF
Malta: MTL
Man, Isle of: GBP
Marshall Islands: USD
Martinique: FRF; EUR
Mauritania: MRO
Mauritius: MUR
Mayotte: FRF; EUR
Mexico: MXN
Micronesia, Federated States of: USD
Moldova: MDL
Monaco: FRF; EUR
Mongolia: MNT
Montserrat: XCD
Morocco: MAD
Mozambique: MZM
Namibia: NAD; ZAR
Nauru: AUD
Nepal: NPR
Netherlands: NLG; EUR
Netherlands Antilles: ANG
New Caledonia: XPF
New Zealand: NZD
Nicaragua: NIO
Niger: XOF
Nigeria: NGN
Niue: NZD
Norfolk Island: AUD
Northern Mariana Islands: USD
Norway: NOK
Oman: OMR
Pakistan: PKR
Palau: USD
Panama: PAB; USD
Papua New Guinea: PGK
Paraguay: PYG
Peru: PEN
Philippines: PHP
Pitcairn Islands: NZD
Poland: PLN
Portugal: PTE; EUR
Puerto Rico: USD
Qatar: QAR
Reunion: FRF; EUR
Romania: ROL
Russia: RUR
Rwanda: RWF
Saint Helena: SHP
Saint Kitts and Nevis: XCD
Saint Lucia: XCD
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: FRF; EUR
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: XCD
Samoa: WST
San Marino: ITL; EUR
Sao Tome and Principe: STD
Saudi Arabia: SAR
Senegal: XOF
Seychelles: SCR
Sierra Leone: SLL
Singapore: SGD
Slovakia: SKK
Slovenia: SIT
Solomon Islands: SBD
Somalia: SOS
South Africa: ZAR
Spain: ESP; EUR
Sri Lanka: LKR
Sudan: SDD
Suriname: SRG
Svalbard: NOK
Swaziland: SZL
Sweden: SEK
Switzerland: CHF
Syria: SYP
Tajikistan: SM
Tanzania: TZS
Thailand: THB
Togo: XOF
Tokelau: NZD
Tonga: TOP
Trinidad and Tobago: TTD
Tunisia: TND
Turkey: TRL
Turkmenistan: TMM
Turks and Caicos Islands: USD
Tuvalu: AUD
Uganda: UGX
Ukraine: UAH
United Arab Emirates: AED
United Kingdom: GBP
United States: USD
Uruguay: UYU
Uzbekistan: UZS
Vanuatu: VUV
Venezuela: VEB
Vietnam: VND
Virgin Islands: USD
Wallis and Futuna: XPF
West Bank: ILS; JOD
Western Sahara: MAD
Yemen: YER
Yugoslavia: YUM
Zambia: ZMK
Zimbabwe: ZWD
Taiwan: TWD
======================================================================
@Death rate
Afghanistan: 17.72 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Albania: 6.5 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Algeria: 5.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
American Samoa: 4.31 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Andorra: 5.41 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Angola: 24.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Anguilla: 5.61 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda: 5.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Argentina: 7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Armenia: 9.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Aruba: 6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Australia: 7.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Austria: 9.8 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Azerbaijan: 9.55 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bahamas, The: 7.14 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bahrain: 3.92 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bangladesh: 8.6 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Barbados: 8.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Belarus: 13.97 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Belgium: 10.1 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Belize: 4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Benin: 14.51 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bermuda: 7.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bhutan: 14.03 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bolivia: 8.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina: 7.99 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Botswana: 24.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Brazil: 9.34 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
British Virgin Islands: 4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Brunei: 3.38 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Bulgaria: 14.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Burkina Faso: 17.05 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Burma: 12.3 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Burundi: 16.36 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cambodia: 10.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cameroon: 11.99 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Canada: 7.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cape Verde: 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cayman Islands: 5.15 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Central African Republic: 18.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Chad: 15.4 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Chile: 5.55 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
China: 6.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Christmas Island: NA deaths/1,000 population
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: NA deaths/1,000 population
Colombia: 5.69 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Comoros: 9.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the: 15.15 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Congo, Republic of the: 16.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Costa Rica: 4.3 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire: 16.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Croatia: 11.41 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cuba: 7.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Cyprus: 7.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Czech Republic: 10.81 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Denmark: 10.9 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Djibouti: 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Dominica: 7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Dominican Republic: 4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Ecuador: 5.44 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Egypt: 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
El Salvador: 6.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Equatorial Guinea: 13.11 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Eritrea: 12.07 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Estonia: 13.48 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Ethiopia: 17.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): NA deaths/1,000 population
Faroe Islands: 8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Fiji: 5.75 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Finland: 9.75 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
France: 9.09 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
French Guiana: 4.77 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
French Polynesia: 4.45 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Gabon: 17.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Gambia, The: 12.92 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Gaza Strip: 4.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Georgia: 14.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Germany: 10.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Ghana: 10.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Gibraltar: 8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Greece: 9.73 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Greenland: 7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Grenada: 7.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guadeloupe: 6.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guam: 4.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guatemala: 6.79 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guernsey: 9.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guinea: 17.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guinea-Bissau: 15.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Guyana: 8.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Haiti: 15 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Honduras: 5.52 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Hong Kong: 6.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Hungary: 13.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Iceland: 6.89 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
India: 8.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Indonesia: 6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Iran: 5.41 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Iraq: 6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Ireland: 8.07 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Israel: 6.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Italy: 10.07 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Jamaica: 5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Japan: 8.34 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Jersey: 9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Jordan: 2.62 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Kazakhstan: 10.61 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Kenya: 14.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Kiribati: 8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Korea, North: 6.92 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Korea, South: 5.93 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Kuwait: 2.45 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Kyrgyzstan: 9.13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Laos: 13.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Latvia: 14.8 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Lebanon: 6.39 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Lesotho: 15.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Liberia: 16.36 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Libya: 3.51 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Liechtenstein: 6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Lithuania: 12.86 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Luxembourg: 8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Macau: 3.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of: 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Madagascar: 12.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Malawi: 22.81 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Malaysia: 5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Maldives: 8.09 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mali: 18.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Malta: 7.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Man, Isle of: 11.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Marshall Islands: 6.23 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Martinique: 6.39 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mauritania: 13.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mauritius: 6.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mayotte: 8.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mexico: 5.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Moldova: 12.6 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Monaco: 13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mongolia: 7.1 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Montserrat: 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Morocco: 5.94 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Mozambique: 24.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Namibia: 20.9 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Nauru: 7.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Nepal: 10.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Netherlands: 8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Netherlands Antilles: 6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
New Caledonia: 5.62 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
New Zealand: 7.56 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Nicaragua: 4.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Niger: 22.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Nigeria: 13.91 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Niue: NA deaths/1,000 population
Norfolk Island: NA deaths/1,000 population
Northern Mariana Islands: 2.4 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Norway: 9.83 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Oman: 4.1 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pakistan: 9.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Palau: 7.23 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Panama: 4.95 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Papua New Guinea: 7.88 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Paraguay: 4.75 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Peru: 5.78 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Philippines: 6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pitcairn Islands: NA deaths/1,000 population
Poland: 9.98 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Portugal: 10.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Puerto Rico: 7.77 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Qatar: 4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Reunion: 5.52 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Romania: 12.28 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Russia: 13.85 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Rwanda: 21.13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Saint Helena: 6.33 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis: 9.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Saint Lucia: 5.36 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: 6.64 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 6.16 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Samoa: 6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
San Marino: 7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sao Tome and Principe: 7.54 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Saudi Arabia: 5.94 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Senegal: 8.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Seychelles: 6.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sierra Leone: 19.19 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Singapore: 4.24 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Slovakia: 9.25 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Slovenia: 9.98 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Solomon Islands: 4.27 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Somalia: 18.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
South Africa: 16.77 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Spain: 9.13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sri Lanka: 6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sudan: 10.04 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Suriname: 5.68 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Svalbard: NA deaths/1,000 population
Swaziland: 21.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Sweden: 10.61 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Switzerland: 8.77 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Syria: 5.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Tajikistan: 8.57 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Tanzania: 12.95 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Thailand: 7.54 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Togo: 11.24 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Tokelau: NA deaths/1,000 population
Tonga: 5.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago: 8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Tunisia: 4.99 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Turkey: 5.95 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Turkmenistan: 8.98 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands: 4.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Tuvalu: 7.55 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Uganda: 17.97 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Ukraine: 16.43 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
United Arab Emirates: 3.79 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
United Kingdom: 10.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
United States: 8.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Uruguay: 9.03 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Uzbekistan: 8 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Vanuatu: 8.38 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Venezuela: 4.92 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Vietnam: 6.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Virgin Islands: 5.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Wallis and Futuna: NA deaths/1,000 population
West Bank: 4.37 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
World: 8.93 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Yemen: 9.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Yugoslavia: 10.54 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Zambia: 21.97 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Zimbabwe: 23.22 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Taiwan: 6 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
======================================================================
@Debt - external
Afghanistan: $5.5 billion (1996 est.)
Albania: $1 billion (2000)
Algeria: $25 billion (2000 est.)
American Samoa: $NA
Andorra: $NA
Angola: $10.8 billion (2000 est.)
Anguilla: $8.8 million (1998)
Antigua and Barbuda: $357 million (1998)
Argentina: $154 billion (2000 est.)
Armenia: $836 million (January 2001)
Aruba: $285 million (1996)
Australia: $220.6 billion (2000)
Austria: $16 billion (1999)
Azerbaijan: $1 billion (2000)
Bahamas, The: $385.8 million (2000 est.)
Bahrain: $2.7 billion (2000)
Bangladesh: $17 billion (2000)
Barbados: $425 million (2000 est.)
Belarus: $1 billion (2000 est.)
Belgium: $28.3 billion (1999 est.)
Belize: $338 million (1998)
Benin: $1.6 billion (1998 est.)
Bermuda: $NA
Bhutan: $120 million (1998)
Bolivia: $6.6 billion (2000)
Bosnia and Herzegovina: $3.4 billion (2000 est.)
Botswana: $455 million (2000)
Brazil: $232 billion (2000)
British Virgin Islands: $36.1 million (1997)
Brunei: $0
Bulgaria: $10.4 billion (2000 est.)
Burkina Faso: $1.3 billion (1997)
Burma: $6 billion (FY99/00 est.)
Burundi: $1.12 billion (1999 est.)
Cambodia: $829 million (1999 est.)
Cameroon: $10.9 billion (2000 est.)
Canada: $1.9 billion (2000)
Cape Verde: $260 million (2000)
Cayman Islands: $70 million (1996)
Central African Republic: $790 million (1999 est.)
Chad: $1 billion (1999 est.)
Chile: $39 billion (2000)
China: $162 billion (2000 est.)
Christmas Island: $NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: $NA
Colombia: $34 billion (2000 est.)
Comoros: $197 million (1997 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the: $13 billion (1998 est.)
Congo, Republic of the: $5 billion (1999 est.)
Cook Islands: $141 million (1996 est.)
Costa Rica: $4.2 billion (2000 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire: $13.9 billion (2000 est.)
Croatia: $9.9 billion (December 1999)
Cuba: $11.1 billion (convertible currency, 1999); another $15 billion -$20 billion owed to Russia (2000)
Cyprus: Greek Cypriot area: $NA; Turkish Cypriot area: $NA
Czech Republic: $21.3 billion (2000)
Denmark: $21.7 billion (2000)
Djibouti: $356 million (1999 est.)
Dominica: $108.9 million (1999)
Dominican Republic: $4.7 billion (2000 est.)
Ecuador: $15 billion (1999)
Egypt: $31 billion (2000 est.)
El Salvador: $4.1 billion (2000 est.)
Equatorial Guinea: $290 million (1999 est.)
Eritrea: $281 million (2000 est.)
Estonia: $1.6 billion (2000 est.)
Ethiopia: $10 billion (1999 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): $NA
Faroe Islands: $64 million (1999)
Fiji: $193 million (1998)
Finland: $30 billion (December 1993)
France: $106 billion (1998)
French Guiana: $1.2 billion (1988)
French Polynesia: $NA
Gabon: $3.9 billion (2000 est.)
Gambia, The: $440 million (2001 est.)
Gaza Strip: $108 million (1997 est.) (includes West Bank)
Georgia: $1.9 billion (2000)
Germany: $NA
Ghana: $7 billion (1999 est.)
Gibraltar: $NA
Greece: $57 billion (2000 est.)
Greenland: $25 million (1999)
Grenada: $182.8 million (1998)
Guadeloupe: $NA
Guam: $NA
Guatemala: $4.7 billion (2000 est.)
Guernsey: $NA
Guinea: $3.6 billion (1999 est.)
Guinea-Bissau: $964 million (1998 est.)
Guyana: $1.1 billion (2000)
Haiti: $1 billion (1998 est.)
Honduras: $5.4 billion (2000)
Hong Kong: $48.1 billion (1999)
Hungary: $29.6 billion (2000)
Iceland: $2.6 billion (1999)
India: $99.6 billion (2000)
Indonesia: $144 billion (2000 est.)
Iran: $7.5 billion (2000 est.)
Iraq: $139 billion (2000 est.)
Ireland: $11 billion (1998)
Israel: $38 billion (2000 est.)
Italy: $NA
Jamaica: $4.7 billion (2000 est.)
Japan: $NA
Jersey: none
Jordan: $8 billion (2000 est.)
Kazakhstan: $12.5 billion (2000 est.)
Kenya: $6.2 billion (2000)
Kiribati: $10 million (1999 est.)
Korea, North: $12 billion (1996 est.)
Korea, South: $137 billion (November 2000)
Kuwait: $6.9 billion (2000 est.)
Kyrgyzstan: $1.4 billion (2000 est.)
Laos: $2.46 billion (1998 est.)
Latvia: $800 million (2000 est.)
Lebanon: $9.6 billion (2000 est.)
Lesotho: $720 million (2000 est.)
Liberia: $3 billion (1999 est.)
Libya: $4.1 billion (2000 est.)
Liechtenstein: $0 (1996)
Lithuania: $2.5 billion (2000 est.)
Luxembourg: $NA
Macau: $1.7 billion (1997)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of: $1.4 billion (2000)
Madagascar: $4.4 billion (1999)
Malawi: $2.9 billion (2000 est.)
Malaysia: $41.8 billion (2000 est.)
Maldives: $237 million (2000 est.)
Mali: $3 billion (1999)
Malta: $130 million (1997)
Man, Isle of: $NA
Marshall Islands: $125 million (FY96/97 est.)
Martinique: $180 million (1994)
Mauritania: $2.1 billion (1999)
Mauritius: $1.9 billion (1998 est.)
Mayotte: $NA
Mexico: $162 billion (2000)
Micronesia, Federated States of: $111 million (1997 est.)
Moldova: $900 million (2000)
Monaco: $NA
Mongolia: $760 million (2000 est.)
Montserrat: $8.9 million (1997)
Morocco: $18.4 billion (2000 est.)
Mozambique: $1.4 billion (2000 est.)
Namibia: $217 million (2000 est.)
Nauru: $33.3 million
Nepal: $2.4 billion (1997)
Netherlands: $0
Netherlands Antilles: $1.35 billion (1996)
New Caledonia: $79 million (1998 est.)
New Zealand: $30.8 billion (2000 est.)
Nicaragua: $6.4 billion (2000 est.)
Niger: $1.3 billion (1999 est.)
Nigeria: $32 billion (2000 est.)
Niue: $NA
Norfolk Island: $NA
Northern Mariana Islands: $NA
Norway: $0 (Norway is a net external creditor)
Oman: $4.5 billion (2000 est.)
Pakistan: $38 billion (2000 est.)
Palau: $0 (FY99/00)
Panama: $7.56 billion (2000 est.)
Papua New Guinea: $2.9 billion (2000 est.)
Paraguay: $3 billion (2000 est.)
Peru: $31 billion (2000 est.)
Philippines: $52 billion (1999)
Pitcairn Islands: $NA
Poland: $57 billion (2000)
Portugal: $13.1 billion (1997 est.)
Puerto Rico: $NA
Qatar: $13.1 billion (2000 est.)
Reunion: $NA
Romania: $9.3 billion (2000 est.)
Russia: $163 billion (2000 est.)
Rwanda: $1.3 billion (1999)
Saint Helena: $NA
Saint Kitts and Nevis: $115.1 million (1998)
Saint Lucia: $131.6 million (1998)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: $NA
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: $99.3 million (1998)
Samoa: $180 million (1998 est.)
San Marino: $NA
Sao Tome and Principe: $268 million (2000)
Saudi Arabia: $26.3 billion (2000 est.)
Senegal: $4.1 billion (1998 est.)
Seychelles: $240 million (1999 est.)
Sierra Leone: $1.28 billion (1999)
Singapore: $9.7 billion (2000)
Slovakia: $10.3 billion (2000 est.)
Slovenia: $6.2 billion (2000)
Solomon Islands: $152.4 million (1998)
Somalia: $2.6 billion (1999 est.)
South Africa: $25.6 billion (2000 est.)
Spain: $90 billion (1993 est.)
Sri Lanka: $9.9 billion (2000)
Sudan: $24.9 billion (2000 est.)
Suriname: $512 million (2000 est.)
Swaziland: $281 million (2000 est.)
Sweden: $66.5 billion (1994)
Switzerland: $NA
Syria: $22 billion (2000 est.)
Tajikistan: $1.3 billion (1999 est.)
Tanzania: $6.8 billion (2000 est.)
Thailand: $90 billion (2000 est.)
Togo: $1.5 billion (1999)
Tokelau: $0
Tonga: $62 million (1998)
Trinidad and Tobago: $2.8 billion (2000 est.)
Tunisia: $13 billion (2000 est.)
Turkey: $109 billion (2000 est.)
Turkmenistan: $2.5 billion (2000 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands: $NA
Tuvalu: $NA
Uganda: $3.6 billion (2000 est.)
Ukraine: $10.3 billion (2000)
United Arab Emirates: $12.6 billion (2000 est.)
United Kingdom: $NA
United States: $862 billion (1995 est.)
Uruguay: $8 billion (2000 est.)
Uzbekistan: $3.3 billion (1999 est.)
Vanuatu: $48 million (1997 est.)
Venezuela: $34 billion (2000)
Vietnam: $13.2 billion (2000)
Virgin Islands: $NA
Wallis and Futuna: $NA
West Bank: $108 million (includes Gaza Strip) (1997 est.)
Western Sahara: $NA
World: $2 trillion for less developed countries (2000 est.)
Yemen: $4.4 billion (2000)
Yugoslavia: $14.1 billion (1999 est.)
Zambia: $6.5 billion (2000)
Zimbabwe: $4.1 billion (2000 est.)
Taiwan: $40 billion (2000)
======================================================================
@Dependency status
American Samoa: unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Anguilla: overseas territory of the UK
Aruba: part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
Ashmore and Cartier Islands: territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Baker Island: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Bassas da India: possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Bermuda: overseas territory of the UK
Bouvet Island: territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Police from Oslo
British Indian Ocean Territory: overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
British Virgin Islands: overseas territory of the UK
Cayman Islands: overseas territory of the UK
Christmas Island: territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Clipperton Island: possession of France; administered by France from French Polynesia by a high commissioner of the Republic
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Cook Islands: self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs, in consultation with the Cook Islands
Coral Sea Islands: territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Europa Island: possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Faroe Islands: part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1948
French Guiana: overseas department of France
French Polynesia: overseas territory of France since 1946
French Southern and Antarctic Lands: overseas territory of France since 1955; administered from Paris by High Commissioner of the Republic Brigitte GIRARDIN (since 25 March 1998), assisted by Secretary General Jean-Yves HERMOSO (since NA)
Gibraltar: overseas territory of the UK
Glorioso Islands: possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Greenland: part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979
Guadeloupe: overseas department of France
Guam: organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Guernsey: British crown dependency
Heard Island and McDonald Islands: territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories
Hong Kong: special administrative region of China
Howland Island: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Jan Mayen: territory of Norway; administered from Oslo through a governor (sysselmann) resident in Longyearbyen (Svalbard); however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Jarvis Island: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Jersey: British crown dependency
Johnston Atoll: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by Pacific Air Forces, Hickam AFB, and the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Juan de Nova Island: possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Kingman Reef: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the US Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior
note: on 1 September 2000, the Department of the Interior accepted restoration of its administrative jurisdiction over Kingman Reef from the Department of the Navy; Executive Order 3223 signed 18 January 2001 established Kingman Reef National Wildlife Refuge to be administered by the Director, US Fish and Wildlife Service; this refuge is managed to protect the terrestrial and aquatic wildlife of Kingman Reef out to the twelve nautical mile territorial sea limit
Macau: special administrative region of China
Man, Isle of: British crown dependency
Martinique: overseas department of France
Mayotte: territorial collectivity of France
Midway Islands: unincorporated territory of the US; formerly administered from Washington, DC, by the US Navy, under Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pacific Division; this facility has been operationally closed since 10 September 1993; on 31 October 1996, through a presidential executive order, the jurisdiction and control of the atoll was transferred to the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Montserrat: overseas territory of the UK
Navassa Island: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior; in September 1996, the Coast Guard ceased operations and maintenance of Navassa Island Light, a 46-meter-tall lighthouse located on the southern side of the island; there has also been a private claim advanced against the island
Netherlands Antilles: part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs granted in 1954; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
New Caledonia: overseas territory of France since 1956
Niue: self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs
Norfolk Island: territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories
Northern Mariana Islands: commonwealth in political union with the US; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs
Palmyra Atoll: incorporated territory of the US; privately owned, but administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior
Pitcairn Islands: overseas territory of the UK
Puerto Rico: commonwealth associated with the US
Reunion: overseas department of France
Saint Helena: overseas territory of the UK
Saint Pierre and Miquelon: self-governing territorial collectivity of France
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands: overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town
Svalbard: territory of Norway; administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway
Tokelau: territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with Wellington
Tromelin Island: possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Turks and Caicos Islands: overseas territory of the UK
Virgin Islands: organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between the Virgin Islands and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Wake Island: unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Department of the Interior; activities on the island are managed by the US Army under a US Air Force permit
Wallis and Futuna: overseas territory of France
======================================================================
@Dependent areas
Australia: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island
France: Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, New Caledonia, Tromelin Island, Wallis and Futuna
note: the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica
Netherlands: Aruba, Netherlands Antilles
New Zealand: Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
Norway: Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
United Kingdom: Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
United States: American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island
note: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, but recently entered into a new political relationship with all four political units: the Northern Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994); the Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21 October 1986)
======================================================================
@Diplomatic representation from the US
Afghanistan: the US embassy in Kabul has been closed since January 1989 due to security concerns
Albania: chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph LIMPRECHT
embassy: Rruga Elbasanit Labinoti 103, Tirana
mailing address: PSC 59, Box 100(A), APO AE 09624
telephone: [355] (42) 32875, 33520
FAX: [355] (42) 32222
Algeria: chief of mission: Ambassador Janet A. SANDERSON
embassy: 4 Chemin Cheikh Bachir El-Ibrahimi, Algiers
mailing address: B. P. Box 549, Alger-Gare, 16000 Algiers
telephone: [213] (21) 69-11-86, 69-12-55, 69-18-54, 69-38-75
FAX: [213] (21) 69-39-79
American Samoa: none (territory of the US)
Andorra: the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: (3493) 280-2227; FAX: (3493) 205-7705
Angola: chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph G. SULLIVAN
embassy: number 32 Rua Houari Boumeddienne, Luanda
mailing address: international mail: Caixa Postal 6484, Luanda; pouch: American Embassy Luanda, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2550
telephone: [244] (2) 345-481, 346-418
FAX: [244] (2) 346-924
Anguilla: none (overseas territory of the UK)
Antigua and Barbuda: the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina: chief of mission: Ambassador James D. WALSH
embassy: Avenida Colombia 4300, 1425 Buenos Aires
mailing address: international mail: use street address; APO address: Unit 4334, APO AA 34034
telephone: [54] (11) 4777-4533/4534
FAX: [54] (11) 4511-4997
Armenia: chief of mission: Ambassador Michael C. LEMMON
embassy: 18 Marshal Bagramian Avenue, Yerevan
mailing address: American Embassy Yerevan, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7020
telephone: [374] (2) 52-16-11
FAX: [374] (2) 151-550
Aruba: chief of mission: Consul General Barbara J. STEPHENSON
embassy: J. B. Gorsiraweg #1, Curacao
mailing address: P. O. Box 158, Willemstad, Curacao
telephone: [599] (9) 461-3066
FAX: [599] (9) 461-6489
Ashmore and Cartier Islands: none (territory of Australia)
Australia: chief of mission: Ambassador Edward W. GNEHM, Jr.
embassy: Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600
mailing address: APO AP 96549
telephone: [61] (02) 6214-5600
FAX: [61] (02) 6214-5970
consulate(s) general: Sydney
consulate(s): Melbourne and Perth
Austria: chief of mission: Ambassador Kathryn Walt HALL
embassy: Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1091, Vienna
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [43] (1) 313-39-2060
FAX: [43] (1) 313-39-2057
Azerbaijan: chief of mission: Ambassador Ross WILSON
embassy: Azadliq Prospekt 83, Baku 370007
mailing address: American Embassy Baku, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7050
telephone: [9] (9412) 98-03-35, 36, 37
FAX: [9] (9412) 90-66-71
Bahamas, The: chief of mission: Ambassador-designate J. Richard BLANKENSHIP
embassy: Queen Street, Nassau
mailing address: local or express mail address: P. O. Box N-8197, Nassau; stateside address: American Embassy Nassau, P. O. Box 599009, Miami, FL 33159-9009; pouch address: Nassau, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-3370
telephone: [1] (242) 322-1181, 328-2206
FAX: [1] (242) 356-0222
Bahrain: chief of mission: Ambassador Johnny YOUNG
embassy: #979, Road 3119 (next to Al-Ahli Sports Club), Block 321, Zinj District, Manama
mailing address: American Embassy Manama, PSC 451, FPO AE 09834-5100; international mail: American Embassy, Box 26431, Manama
telephone: [973] 273-300
FAX: [973] 272-594
Bangladesh: chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Ann PETERS
embassy: Road 27, House 110, Banani, Dhaka
mailing address: G. P. O. Box 323, Dhaka 1000
telephone: [880] (2) 8824700 through 8824722
FAX: [880] (2) 8823744
Barbados: chief of mission: Ambassador James A. DALEY
embassy: Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce Building, Broad Street, Bridgetown
mailing address: P. O. Box 302, Bridgetown; FPO AA 34055
telephone: [1] (246) 436-4950
FAX: [1] (246) 429-5246
Belarus: chief of mission: Ambassador Michael KOZAK
embassy: 46 Starovilenskaya St., Minsk 220002
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [375] (17) 210-12-83
FAX: [375] (17) 234-7853
Belgium: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant)
embassy: 27 Boulevard du Regent, B-1000 Brussels
mailing address: PSC 82, Box 002, APO AE 09710
telephone: [32] (2) 508-2111
FAX: [32] (2) 511-2725
Belize: chief of mission: Ambassador Carolyn CURIEL
embassy: 29 Gabourel Lane and Hutson Street, Belize City
mailing address: P. O. Box 286, Unit 7401, APO AA 34025
telephone: [501] (2) 77161
FAX: [501] (2) 30802
Benin: chief of mission: Ambassador Pamela E. BRIDGEWATER
embassy: Rue Caporal Bernard Anani, Cotonou
mailing address: B. P. 2012, Cotonou
telephone: [229] 30-06-50, 30-05-13, 30-17-92
FAX: [229] 30-14-39, 30-19-74
Bermuda: chief of mission: Consul General Lawrence D. OWEN
consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton
mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300
telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342
FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592
Bhutan: the US and Bhutan have no formal diplomatic relations, although informal contact is maintained between the Bhutanese and US Embassy in New Delhi (India)
Bolivia: chief of mission: Ambassador V. Manuel ROCHA
embassy: Avenida Arce 2780, San Jorge, La Paz
mailing address: P. O. Box 425, La Paz; APO AA 34032
telephone: [591] (2) 432254
FAX: [591] (2) 433854
Bosnia and Herzegovina: chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas J. MILLER
embassy: Alipasina 43, 71000 Sarajevo
mailing address: use street address
telephone: [387] (33) 445-700
FAX: [387] (33) 659-722
branch office(s): Banja Luka, Mostar
Botswana: chief of mission: Ambassador John E. LANGE
embassy: address NA, Gaborone
mailing address: P. O. Box 90, Gaborone
telephone: [267] 353982
FAX: [267] 356947
Brazil: chief of mission: Ambassador Anthony S. HARRINGTON
embassy: Avenida das Nacoes, Quadra 801, Lote 3, Distrito Federal Cep 70403-900, Brasilia
mailing address: Unit 3500, APO AA 34030
telephone: [55] (061) 321-7272
FAX: [55] (061) 225-9136
consulate(s) general: Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo
consulate(s): Recife
British Indian Ocean Territory: none (overseas territory of the UK)
British Virgin Islands: none (overseas territory of the UK)
Brunei: chief of mission: Ambassador Sylvia Gaye STANFIELD
embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan
mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507
telephone: [673] (2) 229670
FAX: [673] (2) 225293
Bulgaria: chief of mission: Ambassador Richard M. MILES
embassy: 1 Suborna Street, Sofia
mailing address: American Embassy Sofia, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-5740
telephone: [359] (2) 980-52-41
FAX: [359] (2) 981-89-77
Burkina Faso: chief of mission: Ambassador Jimmy J. KOLKER
embassy: 602 Avenue Raoul Follerau, Koulouba, Secteur 4, Ouagadougou
mailing address: B. P. 35, Ouagadougou 01
telephone: [226] 306723
FAX: [226] 303890
Burma: chief of mission: Permanent Charge d'Affaires Priscilla A. CLAPP
embassy: 581 Merchant Street, Rangoon (GPO 521)
mailing address: Box B, APO AP 96546
telephone: [95] (1) 282055, 282182
FAX: [95] (1) 280409
Burundi: chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Carlin YATES
embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura
mailing address: B. P. 1720, Bujumbura
telephone: [257] 223454
FAX: [257] 222926
Cambodia: chief of mission: Ambassador Kent M. WIEDEMANN
embassy: 16-18 Mongkol lem St. 228, Phnom Penh
mailing address: Box P, APO AP 96546
telephone: [855] (23) 216-436
FAX: [855] (23) 216-437
Cameroon: chief of mission: Ambassador John M. YATES
embassy: Rue Nachtigal, Yaounde
mailing address: P. O. Box 817, Yaounde; pouch: American Embassy, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2520
telephone: [237] 23-40-14, 22-25-89, 23-05-12, 22-17-94
FAX: [237] 23-07-53
branch office(s): Douala
Canada: chief of mission: Ambassador Gordon D. GIFFIN
embassy: 490 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 1G8
mailing address: P. O. Box 5000, Ogdensburg, NY 13669-0430
telephone: [1] (613) 238-5335, 4470
FAX: [1] (613) 238-5720
consulate(s) general: Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, and Vancouver
Cape Verde: chief of mission: Ambassador Michael D. METELITS
embassy: Rua Abilio Macedo 81, Praia
mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia
telephone: [238] 61 56 16
FAX: [238] 61 13 55
Cayman Islands: none (overseas territory of the UK)
Central African Republic: chief of mission: Ambassador Robert C. PERRY
embassy: Avenue David Dacko, Bangui
mailing address: B. P. 924, Bangui
telephone: [236] 61 02 00
FAX: [236] 61 44 94
Chad: chief of mission: Ambassador Christopher E. GOLDTHWAIT
embassy: Avenue Felix Eboue, N'Djamena
mailing address: B. P. 413, N'Djamena
telephone: [235] (51) 70-09, (51) 90-52, (51) 92-33
FAX: [235] (51) 56-54
Chile: chief of mission: Ambassador John O'LEARY
embassy: Avenida Andres Bello 2800, Las Condes, Santiago
mailing address: APO AA 34033
telephone: [56] (2) 232-2600
FAX: [56] (2) 339-3710
China: chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph W. PRUEHER
embassy: Xiu Shui Bei Jie 3, 100600 Beijing
mailing address: PSC 461, Box 50, FPO AP 96521-0002
telephone: [86] (10) 6532-3431
FAX: [86] (10) 6532-6422
consulate(s) general: Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang
Christmas Island: none (territory of Australia)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands: none (territory of Australia)
Colombia: chief of mission: Ambassador Anne W. PATTERSON
embassy: Calle 22D-BIS, numbers 47-51, Apartado Aereo 3831
mailing address: Carrera 45 #22D-45, Bogota, D.C., APO AA 34038
telephone: [57] (1) 315-0811
FAX: [57] (1) 315-2197
Comoros: the US does not have an embassy in Comoros; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to Comoros
Congo, Democratic Republic of the: chief of mission: Ambassador William Lacy SWING
embassy: 310 Avenue des Aviateurs, Kinshasa
mailing address: Unit 31550, APO AE 09828
telephone: [243] (12) 21804, 21807
FAX: [243] (88) 43805
Congo, Republic of the: chief of mission: Ambassador David H. KAEUPER
embassy: NA
mailing address: NA
telephone: [243] (88) 43608
FAX: [243] (88) 41036
note: the embassy is temporarily collocated with the US Embassy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (US Embassy Kinshasa, 310 Avenue des Aviateurs, Kinshasa)
Cook Islands: none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)
Coral Sea Islands: none (territory of Australia)
Costa Rica: chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas J. DODD
embassy: Calle 120 Avenida O, Pavas, San Jose
mailing address: APO AA 34020
telephone: [506] 220-3939
FAX: [506] 220-2305
Cote d'Ivoire: chief of mission: Ambassador George MU
embassy: 5 Rue Jesse Owens, Abidjan
mailing address: B. P. 1712, Abidjan 01
telephone: [225] 20 21 09 79
FAX: [225] 20 22 32 59
Croatia: chief of mission: Ambassador Lawrence G. ROSSIN
embassy: Andrije Hebranga 2, 100000 Zagreb
mailing address: use street address
telephone: [385] (1) 455-55-00
FAX: [385] (1) 455-85-85
Cuba: none; note - the US has an Interests Section in the Swiss Embassy, headed by Principal Officer Vicki HUDDLESTON; address: USINT, Swiss Embassy, Calzada between L and M Streets, Vedado Seccion, Havana; telephone: 33-3551 through 3559 (operator assistance required); FAX: 33-3700; protecting power in Cuba is Switzerland
Cyprus: chief of mission: Ambassador Donald K. BANDLER
embassy: corner of Metochiou and Ploutarchou Streets, Engomi, 2407 Nicosia
mailing address: P. O. Box 4536, FPO AE 09836
telephone: [357] (2) 776400
FAX: [357] (2) 780944
Czech Republic: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Steven J. COFFEY
embassy: Trziste 15, 11801 Prague 1
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [420] (2) 5753-0663
FAX: [420] (2) 5753-0583
Denmark: chief of mission: Ambassador Stuart BERNSTEIN
embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen
mailing address: PSC 73, APO AE 09716
telephone: [45] 35 55 31 44
FAX: [45] 35 38 96 16
Djibouti: chief of mission: Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO
embassy: Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti
mailing address: B. P. 185, Djibouti
telephone: [253] 35 39 95
FAX: [253] 35 39 40
Dominica: the US does not have an embassy in Dominica; US interests are served by the embassy in Bridgetown, Barbados
Dominican Republic: chief of mission: Ambassador Charles T. MANATT
embassy: corner of Calle Cesar Nicolas Penson and Calle Leopoldo Navarro, Santo Domingo
mailing address: Unit 5500, APO AA 34041-5500
telephone: [1] (809) 221-2171
FAX: [1] (809) 686-7437
Ecuador: chief of mission: Ambassador Gwen C. CLARE
embassy: Avenida 12 de Octubre y Avenida Patria, Quito
mailing address: APO AA 34039
telephone: [593] (2) 562-890
FAX: [593] (2) 502-052
consulate(s) general: Guayaquil
Egypt: chief of mission: Ambassador Daniel C. KURTZER
embassy: 5 Latin America St., Garden City, Cairo
mailing address: Unit 64900, APO AE 09839-4900
telephone: [20] (2) 795-7371
FAX: [20] (2) 797-2000
El Salvador: chief of mission: Ambassador Rose M. LIKINS
embassy: Boulevard Santa Elena Final, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador
mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023
telephone: [503] 278-4444
FAX: [503] 278-6011
Equatorial Guinea: chief of mission: Ambassador John M. YATES; note - the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); US relations with Equatorial Guinea are handled through the US Embassy in Yaounde, Cameroon; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo
Eritrea: chief of mission: Ambassador William D. CLARKE
embassy: Franklin D. Roosevelt Street, Asmara
mailing address: P. O. Box 211, Asmara
telephone: [291] (1) 120004
FAX: [291] (1) 127584
Estonia: chief of mission: Ambassador Melissa WELLS
embassy: Kentmanni 20, 15099 Tallinn
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: [372] 668-8100
FAX: [372] 668-8134
Ethiopia: chief of mission: Ambassador Tibor P. NAGY, Jr.
embassy: Entoto Street, Addis Ababa
mailing address: P. O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa
telephone: [251] (1) 550666
FAX: [251] (1) 551328
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Faroe Islands: none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Fiji: chief of mission: Ambassador Osman M. SIDDIQUE
embassy: 31 Loftus Street, Suva
mailing address: P. O. Box 218, Suva
telephone: [679] 314466
FAX: [679] 300081
Finland: chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Carol VAN VOORST
embassy: Itainen Puistotie 14B, FIN-00140, Helsinki
mailing address: APO AE 09723
telephone: [358] (9) 171931
FAX: [358] (9) 174681
France: chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Howard H. LEACH; Charge d'Affaires Douglas L. McELHANEY
embassy: 2 Avenue Gabriel, 75382 Paris Cedex 08
mailing address: PSC 116, APO AE 09777
telephone: [33] (1) 43-12-22-22
FAX: [33] (1) 42 66 97 83
consulate(s) general: Marseille, Strasbourg
French Guiana: none (overseas department of France)
French Polynesia: none (overseas territory of France)