INDEX

Abbey lands, 157

ab Ulmis, John, an imported preacher, 142

a Lasco, John, an imported preacher, 142

Æthelstan, laws of, 19, 56

Alfred, laws of, 55

Aliens Act of 1905 anticipated, 147

Amos, Andrew, his “Great Oyer of Poisoning,” 178, 181

Anabaptists—

Commission to try, 158

Latimer jeers at their constancy, 158

burnt, 177

Anglo-Saxon penal legislation, 55

Arians burnt, 177

Ascham, Roger, on destruction of Yeomanry, 140

Assassination Plot, 215-16

strange sequel to, 216-19

Athol, Earl of, hanged on a high gallows, 101

Bacon, Francis, in trial of Robert Carr, 181, 22 note

Bagshot Heath, gibbet on, 211

Ball, John, and revolt of the peasants, 106

Barclay, Alexander, “Ship of Fools,” iv, 140 note

Barkworth, Mark, manner of his death, 173

Barton, Elizabeth, “The Holy Maid of Kent,” 133

Bassompierre, Maréchal de, 66

Bedloe, William, perjurer, dies, 202

Beheading, 31-4

Bentham, Jeremy, 78

his father robbed, 266

Bernardi, Major John—

imprisoned without trial for forty years, 216

Dr. Johnson on, 217

dies in prison, 218

Bethnal Green—

weavers of, riotous, 254-55

two weavers hanged near church, 255

constitutional question arises, 255

Bigamy—

a bar to benefit of clergy, 127-29

old meaning of word, 129

provisions as to, 131-32

bigamist put on footing of others, 132

Black Death, 49

Blake, Admiral, his body removed, 192

Bleackley, Horace—

tells story of the Perreaus, 261

of W. W. Ryland, 266

“Blood-Bowl House”—

in Hanging-Sword Alley, 241

figures in print by Hogarth, 241

Boiling to death, see Executions

Boleyn, Anne, 132-33

Bones discovered at corner of Edgware Road, 53

Borough Customs, 19-20

Bosgrave, James, condemned to death, 160-61

Bow Church, 80-1, 97-8

Bowel-burning—

remarkable case, 109

at Charing Cross, 190

And see Treason

Boy martyr—

of Lincoln, 91-4

of Norwich, 91

Brabant, merchants of, robbed, 9-10

Bradshaw, John, his dead body hanged on Tyburn gallows, 190

Breaking on the wheel—

not in use in England, 23-4

adoption recommended, 246

Bréauté, Fawkes de, hangs Constantine Fitz-Athulf 85-6

Brembre, Nicholas, his misdeeds and fate, 107

Brentford, gallows at, 15

Brinklow Henry, on rapacity of landlords, 139

Briton, Ralph—

a priest, imprisoned on false accusation, 87

released, 87-8

Bronchotomy, 225, 252

Brownrigg, Mrs., her cruelty to apprentices, 253-54

Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, 181 note

assassinated by Felton, 182

Bucquinte, Andrew, a burglar, 82-3

Buffer, Peter de, a robber, 86

Bunyan “Pilgrim’s Progress,” 156

Burgh, Hubert de, justiciar, 85-6

Burghley, Lord—

defends use of torture, 35-6, 161-62, 162-63 and note

pamphlets ascribed to, 35, 161, 163, 164 note

Burial of persons executed—

in Pardon churchyard, 49-50

refused in St. Sepulchre’s, 50

corpses thrown into pits, 51, 177

Burnet, Dr. Gilbert, 204, 207

Burning—

in hand 130-31

in cheek enacted in 1699, repealed in 1706, 221

of women, 4, 105, 207, 230, 235-36, 257

Bury St. Edmund’s—

boy-martyr of, 91

monastery of, 137

Butler, Samuel—

mentions Dun, the hangman, 46

Ode on Duval, 197-98

Camden, William, historian—

“Britannia,” 23 note, 65

“History of Elizabeth” quoted, 161, 164 note, 168, 170-71

Cameron, Dr. Archibald—

executed long after rebellion, 249

behaviour, and manner of death, 249

“Can I not do as I like with my own?” 139 and note

Canterbury, Archbishop of, votes against repeal of Shoplifting Act, 257 note

Capital offences, number of, 6, 257

Capital punishment—

abolished by William the Conqueror, 56

re-instituted by Henry I., 56

Cardan, Jerome, misquoted by Harrison, 142-43

Carlyle, Thomas, on Basil Montague, 265

Carr, Robert, Viscount Rochester and Earl of Somerset—

friendship with Overbury, 178

makes conquest of Countess of Essex, 179

marries her after her divorce, 180

refuses to plead guilty to charge of murdering Overbury, 180-81

condemned and pardoned, 180

in possession of some secret, 180-81

Was he guilty? 180

means devised to silence him, 181

Carter, William, drawn and hanged for printing a book, 162-63

Catur, William, slain in single combat, 115

Caursins, rivals of the Jews as money-lenders, 94

“Celtic fringe,” 100 note

Chains and manacles, ordered to be brought to Tower, 99

Challoner, Dr. Richard, historian, quoted, 52, 167, 176, 177, 182, 185

Charing Cross—

Station on site of Hungerford House, 125

gallows set up at, 152 and note

Pillory at, 202

Charles I.—

and Henrietta Maria, 65-6

executions under, 76-7

conflict with Parliament as to execution of priests, 184, 204

Charles II.—

his court almost pure compared with that of James I., 178

proclamations, 194-5

supposed design to assassinate, 200

unjustly blamed for Popish Plot executions, 204-5

and Rye House Plot, 205

Charterhouse—

of London, 49, 133

Prior of, 134

of Beauvale, 134

of Axholmes, 134

Priors of Beauvale and Axholme, 134

execution of the three Priors, 134-36

three Monks of London House executed, 136

Horne, William, a lay brother of, executed, 147

Chaucer—

his Prioress, 7

her story, 91

Chauncy, Maurice, his account of the martyrdom of the Carthusians, 133-36

Chelsea, gallows at, 15

Chidley, Samuel, 79

writes against “over-much justice,” 186-87

Children burnt or hanged, 78, 246, 257-58

Chiltern Hundreds—

origin of stewardship of, 8-9

forests, 11

“Christ’s poor,” 141

become “paupers,” 142

Church, no church that erreth not, 158 note

Churches robbed, 118

Ciltria, see Chiltern

Clergy, benefit of—

right to claim barred by bigamy, 127

could be claimed by murderer till 1531, 129

what it was, 129, 130-31

extended in 1351-52 to all clerks, 129, 130

constantly narrowed, 131

in 1726, 131

abolished in 1827, 131

Clitherow, Margaret, manner of her death, 39

Cobbett, William—

on “Histories of England,” 4

on “rooks and daws,” 5

on Waverley Abbey, 15 note

Cobham, Dame Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester, 113-15

her penance, 114-15

Cock tavern in Cheapside, murder of landlord, 105, 111

Coin—

debased state of, 214

men in royal dockyards paid in clipped money, 215

Coining—

became a common offence, 214, 219, 220

legislation as to coin, 214-15

in Newgate prison, 221

Coke, Lord Chief Justice—

on punishment for high treason, 32, 33 note

on torture, 36

busy in discovery of murder of Overbury, 181 note

Collier, Jeremy—

outlawed for absolving Friend and Perkins, 216

Common Prayer, Book of—

Commission to try those who reject, 158

death to write against, 177

Commonwealth, executions under, 77, 187-88

Cony—

refuses to pay illegal tax, 186

Cromwell imprisons him, 186

Cornelius, John, story of his head, 51-2

Cornishmen, revolt of, 121-22

Cotell, John, murdered by his wife, afterwards Lady Hungerford, 126-27

Courts—

multiplicity of, 16-19

conflicts between, 16-19

petty, in France, 57 note

Cranmer, Thomas—

pronounces divorce of Catherine, 132

of Anne Boleyn, 136-37

Crimes—

extraordinary accumulation of, 213

Criminal begged of the King by 18 maids, 208

Cromwell, Oliver—

bones found (?), 53

guilty of the blood of Southworth, 185

Why has he a statue? 185-86

his military despotism, 186, 187 and note

throws into prison Cony, and his counsel, 186

removes judge from bench, 186

greatest recorded number of executions at one time during Commonwealth, 187-88

arrests 500 persons, 187 note

and Don Pantaleon Sa, 189

his last executions, 190

his body hanged on Tyburn gallows, 190-92

legends on this subject, 192

body of his mother and of others removed from Westminster Abbey, 192

his mother’s body removed, 192

Cromwell, Thomas, calls Tyburn “Thyfbourne,” 137

Cunningham, Peter, “Handbook of London,” 45, 46, 47, 64 note

Dangerfield, Thomas, perjurer—

pilloried and whipped, 202

killed by Francis, 202

Daniel, P. A., on references to Triple Tree, 64

David, Prince of Wales, execution of, 31

David II., of Scotland, 104

David III., of Wales, head exposed on Tower of London, 100

Death—

Penalty of, for relieving a priest, 166

for being reconciled to Roman Church, 165-66

“Decay of England,” 141 and note

Defoe, Daniel, 67

biographer of Jack Sheppard, 233

his grandson, 258

Derrick, a kind of crane, said to be named after a hangman, 45

Dickens, Charles—

against public executions, 4

Dennis, the hangman in Barnaby Rudge, 48

in Hungerford Street, 126

Hanging-Sword Alley, 242

Dictionary of National Biography, 44

Disembowelling, see High Treason

Dissection—

enacted, to add terror to death-sentence, 247

of Earl Ferrers, 251

of Mrs. Brownrigg, 253-54

Dodd, Dr., 261-63

intercession of Dr. Johnson, 262

Dow, Master Robert, makes provision for tolling bell of St. Sepulchre’s, 175-76

“Drawing”—

what it was, 27

several kinds of, 27-30

simple dragging to gallows, 27

on an ox-hide, 28, 29

on a hurdle, 29

on a sledge, 29 note

dragging to death, 29-30

dragging to pieces, 30

“Drop”—

introduced at execution of Earl Ferrers, 251

a feature of the gallows at Newgate, 251

its object, 252-53

Dryden—

“On Tyburn,” 74

on Jack Ketch, 46

Ducket, Laurence, story of, 97-8

Dunning, a noted robber, 11, 17

Dunstable—

district around, infested by robbers, 17

Priory, 17-18

Duval, Claude—

a famous highwayman, 194, 195-98

William Pope’s “Memoirs,” not to be taken too seriously, 197

Ecclesford, gallows at, 16

Ecclesiastics—

ought not to shed blood, 13

but have gallows, 13

power to stay execution, 13

Edgar, King, 13

Edward I., 11, 14, 16, 18, 24

Year Book of, 38

Edward II., 101

Edward III., 101, 104

Edward IV., 119

Edward VI., 77, 137, 139, 142, 150, 153

Slave Act of, 140

revolt of peasants, 150-51

death of, 151

Effigy to be hanged, 18

Elizabeth, Queen, 140, 155

executions under, 76-7

penal laws of, 164 and note

last of her victims, 175

and the Pope, 156

torture in constant use under, 35-6, 161-62

does not believe in charges on which priests were executed, 161

Elm—

symbol of justice among Normans, 57

famous elm cut down, 57

“Judges under the elm-tree,” 57

“Elms, The,” 81, 85, 86 note

of Tyburn, 57, 60 and note

of Smithfield, 57, 60 and note

of Westminster Abbey, 57-8

of Covent Garden, 58

of Canterbury, 58

of Westbourne, 58

confusion between Tyburn and Smithfield, 58-9

new gallows ordered for, 60

first indication of site of, 61

Longbeard executed here, 81

Mortimer erroneously said to have been the first, 103 and note

Constantine, Fitz-Athulf, 85, 86 and note

and execution of Turberville, 99

of Wallace, 100

Elms Lane (now Mews), Bayswater, 58

Ementulation—

part of the punishment for high treason, 32

but not always forming part of sentence, 32, 33

Essex (Robert Devereux) Earl of, 168, 170-71, 174

Essex (Robert Devereux), Earl of Essex (son of the foregoing), marries Frances Howard, and is divorced, 179-80

Execution—

various ways of, 19-26

by breaking neck, 19

by throwing into sea, 19

by burial alive, 19-20

must be carried out by prosecutor, 20

by tying to a stake at low water, 20

by throwing into a well, 20

by “infalistation,” 20

by throwing into harbour, 20

by burning, 20

by boiling, 21, 22

by hanging alive in chains, 22, 31 note

by being built into a sea-wall, 22

by beheading, 23

by flaying alive, 24-5

by enclosing within walls, 25

by crucifixion, 26

by drawing, i.e., dragging to death, 30

by dragging to pieces, 30

place of, question arises as to, 255

Execution Dock, 63

Executions—

Adams, John, 165

Ainger, Richard, 169-70

Alfield, Thomas, 164 and note

Alice atte Bowe, 97-8

Allen, Sir John, 144

Almond, John, 177

Anderson (or Richardson), William, 175

ap Gryffydd, Sir Rhys, 132 and note

Armstrong, Sir Thomas, 206

Arundell, Humfrey, 151

Ashbey, ⸺, 150

Ashton, Col., 190

⸺, Roger, 167

Athol, Earl of, 101

Austin, John, 266-67

Awater, John, 121

Axtell, Daniel, 190

Babington, Arthur, 58 note

Barkstead, Col., 190

Barkworth, Mark, 171-74

Barney, Kenelme, 159

Barrow, Henry, 167

Barton, Elizabeth, 133

Beasley, Richard, 193-94

Bedell, John, 154

Bel, ⸺, a Suffolk man, 151

Bell, Arthur, 184

Benson, ⸺, 188

Bernes, Sir John, 107

Berry, Henry, 201

Bery, ⸺, 151

Bestely, ⸺, 190

Bigott, Sir Francis, 144

Billings, Thomas, 235-36

Bird, Robert, 147

Blake, John, 107

Blount, Sir Thomas, 108, mythical details, 109

“Blueskin” (Joseph Black), 234

Booking, Edward, 133

Bolinbrooke, Roger, 115

Bolner (or Bulmer), Sir John, 144

Bosgrave, Thomas, 52

Bradford, ⸺, 154

Brembre, Nicholas, 107

Brian, Alexander, 161-62

Bridlington, Prior of, 144

Brocas, Sir Bernard, 108

Bromholme, Edmund, 147

Brownrigg, Elizabeth, 253

Bullaker, Thomas, 184

Bullocke, Peter, 174

Campion, Edmund, 160-61

Carey, Terence, 52

Carter, William, 162-63

Charnock, Robert, 215

Cheyney, Margaret, 144

Clarendon, Sir Roger, 109

Clark, John, 258

Claxton (or Clarkson), James, 165-66

Clifford, Edward, 145

Clinch, Tom, 240

Clitherow, Margaret, 39

Cokerell, Dr., 143, 144

Coleby, John, 260

Coleman, Edward, 33, 201

Collins, ⸺, a priest, 145

Condom, John, 208

Condon, Isabella, 266

Coningsbey, Edmond, 145

Conspirators of 1236, 86-7

Constable, William, alias Fetherstone, 153

Constantine, nephew of Constantine Fitz-Athulf, 86

Cooke, Laurence, Prior of Doncaster, 147

Copin, a Jew of Lincoln, 94

Corbet, Miles, 190

Corby, Ralph, 184

Cornelius, John, 52

Cottam, Thomas, 160-61

Cotton, Edward, 193-94

Cranburne, Charles, 216

Cratwell, the hangman, 145

Croftes, ⸺, a priest, 145

Cuffe, Henry, 174

Culpeper, Thomas, 150

Dacres, Lord (of the South), 148

Daniel, John, 154

David III., 100

David, Prince of Wales, 32

David, John, 115

Davy, Margaret, 22

Deane, W., 165-66

de Bereford, Sir Symon, 103

Dedike (or Dethyke), John, 154

Defoe, John Joseph, 258

de la Motte, F. H., 266

de Marisco, William, see Marsh

Derham, Francis, 150

Dering, John, 133

Dibdale, Richard, 165

Dickenson, Margaret (who revives), 226

Dingley, Thomas, and others, 146

Dodd, Dr., 263

Drury, Robert, 176

Duckett, John, 184

Duel (who revives), 223-24

Duval, Claude, 196

Dyer, Clement, 149

Egerton, Ralph, 147

Elks, Henry, 165

Ellys, James, a great pickpurse, and seven others, 151

Elwes, Sir Gervase, 180

Empson, Thomas, 146-47

Exeter, Marquis of, 145

Exmew, Thomas, 136

Felton, John, 156

⸺, John, 182-83

⸺, Thomas, 165-66

Fenn, James, 163

Fenwick, John, 201

Fereby, Sir William, 108

Fernley, ⸺, 207

Filby, William, 162

Filcock, Roger, 171-74

Fitz-Athulf, Constantine, 83, 85-6

Fitz-Harris, Edward, 33, 201

Fitz Osbert (or Osborn), William, 79-81

Flamock, Thomas, 123

Flower, Richard, 166

Ford, Thomas, 162

Fortescue, Sir Adrian, 145

Fountains, former Abbat of, 143-44

Francis, ⸺, 202

Franklin, James, 180

Fraser, Simon, 63, 100

Friend, Sir John, 215

Frowds, John, 148

Gahagan, Usher, 242

Gardner, Garmaine, 150

Garet, ⸺, 144

Garnet, Henry, 176

⸺, Thomas, 176-77

Gascoign, Richard, 227

Gaunt, Elizabeth, 206

Gavan, John, 201

Gening, Darby, 147

Genings, Edmund, 166

Geoffrey, one so called, 86

Geoffrey “de Beverley,” and twelve others, 96

Gerard, ⸺, 188-90

Gervase (or Jarvis), George, 176

Greenwood, John, 167

Gibbs, Nathaniel, 193

Gibson, James, 254

Gold, Henry, 133

Golden Farmer, the (William Davis), 211

Goodgrom, William, 112

Gordon (who revives), 224

Green, Robert, 201

Greene, Anne (who revives), 225-26

⸺, Thomas, 160

Grey Friars, eight, 109

Grove, John, 32, 201

Guest, William, 254

Gunter, William, 165-66

Gurdemaine, Margery, a witch, 114

Hacker, Francis, 190

Hackman, Revd. James, 264

Hackshot, Thomas, 174, 175

Hall, John, 108

⸺, John, 159-60

⸺, John, 227

Hamerton, Sir Stephen, 144

Hanse, Everard, 160

Harcourt, William, 201

Harford, Henry, 144

Harington, William, 167

Harman, Thomas, 147

Hawes, Nathaniel, 230

Hawley, Oliver, 208

Haydock, George, 163

Hays, Catherine, 235-36

Heath, Henry, 184

Hemerford, Thomas, 163

Herring, Mrs., 258

Hever, Thomas, 145

Hewet, Dr., 190

Hill, Lawrence, 201

Hinde, James, 194

Hodson, Sydney, 166

Holande, ⸺, a mariner, 145

Holford (or Acton), Thomas, 165-66

Holland, Thomas, 184

Holmes, Thomas, 151

Hone, William, 205

Home, Giles, 147

⸺, William, 147

Houghton, Father, Prior of the Charterhouse, 134-36

Hughes, John, 132 and note

Hungerford, Lady Alice (Agnes), 124, 127

Hungerford, Lord, 128

Inges, William, 127, 128

Ireland, William, 32, 201

Ivetta de Balsham (who revives), 226, 227 and note

James, John, 193

Jervaulx, Abbat of, 143, 144

Johnson, Robert, 160-61

Johnson, a confederate of Sadler, 199

Jones, Charles, 260

⸺, Mary, 256

Jonston, Sir John, 210-11

Joseph, Michael, 123

Kelly, John, title page (back), 268

Kerbie, Lucas, 160-61

Keys, Thomas, 215

King, Edward, 215

Lacy, Bryan, 166

Lane, William, 260

Langhorn, Richard, 32, 201

Larke, ⸺, Parson of Chelsea, 150

Larkin, for coining in Newgate prison, 221

Laund, Prior of, 110

Lawrence, Father, Prior of Beauvale Charterhouse, 134-36

Lea, Thomas, 171 and note

Lech, bailiff of Louth, his brother Edward, and a priest, 150

Leigh, ⸺, 149

Leigh, Richard, 166

Lewis, William, 260

Limerick, Thomas, 193-94

Line, Anne, 171-74

Llewellyn, brother of David III., 100

Loisie (Louis), Emanuel, 168

Lomeley, George, 144

“Longbeard,” see Fitz Osbert

Lopez, Roderigo, 168

Lowe, John, 165

Lowick, Major, 216

Maclean, James, 244-45

Mantell, John, 148

Marsh, William, 62-3, and 16 of his band, 90-1

Martin, Richard, 166

Mason, John, 166

Master, Richard, 133

Mather, Edmund, 159

Mathewe, William, 127, 128

Maudelyn, parson, 108

Maxfield, Thomas, and thirteen criminals, 182

Maynvile, Anthony, 132

Menstreworth, Sir John, 105

Menteith, Earl of, 104-5

Mercer, John, and 23 others, 187-88

Merrick, Sir Gilly, 174

Messenger, Peter, 193-94

Middlemore, Humfrey, 136

Milksop, John, 17

Mitchell, Anthony, 23 note

Monmouth, Duke of, 47

Moore, Hugh, 165-66

Morgan, Edward, 184

Morse, Henry, 184

Mortimer, John, 111

⸺, Roger, 61, 101-3

Morton, Robert, 165-66

Moudrey, David Samuel, 42

Mountagew, Lord, 145

Munden, John, 163

Nelson, John, 160

Nevell, Sir Edward, 145

Newdigate, Sebastian, 136

Newport (or Smith), Richard, 177

Norton, Christopher, 155

⸺, Thomas, 155

Nutter, John, 163

Okey, Col., 190

Oldcastle, Sir John, 58 note

Oxburgh, Col., 227

Page, Francis, 174-75

Palleotti, Marquis de, 228

Patenson, William, 167

Paul, Rev. William, 227

Payne, Benjamin, 254

Paynes, a desperate character, 213

Peckham, Henry, 154

Percy, Sir Thomas, 144

Perkins, Sir William, 215

Perreau, Robert and Daniel, 260-61, 262

Perrott, John, 227

Philip, Clement, 147

Philippe, Francis, 132

Phillips, George, 193

Pickering, Thomas, 32, 201, 204-5

Plasden, Polydore, 166

Plunket, Dr. Oliver, 32, 201

Powel, Philip, 184

Price, John, hangman, 228

Proctor, ⸺, 155

Pykeryng, Christopher, 132

⸺, John, 143, 144

Redmond, Patrick (who revives), 225

Reynolds, a Brigittine monk, 136

⸺, Thomas, 183

⸺ (who revives), 224

Richardson, Lawrence, 162

Risby, Richard, and another, 133

Roberts, John, and sixteen felons, 177

Roch, John, 166

Roe, Bartholomew, 183

Roidon, George, 148

Rolfe, Henry, 159

Rookwood, Brigadier, 216

Rose, Richard, 21, 22

Rossey, William, 154

Rouse, John, 205

Russell, Lord William, 47, 206

Ryland, Wm. Wynne, 266

Sa, Don Pantaleon, 188-90

Sadler, Thomas, 198-99

Salisbury, Sir John, 107

Salmon, Patrick, 52

Sawtre, William, 59

Scot, John, and four others, 119-20

⸺, William, 177

Senex, John, 83

Sergeant (or Lea), Richard, 165

Serle, William, 110

Shelley, Sir Bennet, 108

⸺, Edward, 166

Sheppard, Jack, 233

Shert, John, 162

Sherwine, Ralfe, 160-61

Sherwood, Thomas, 160

Singleton, ⸺, 150

“Sixteen-string Jack,” 260

Slingsby, ⸺, 190

Smith, Captain John, 63

Smith, John, known as “half-hanged,” 221

⸺, William, 244

Somer, ⸺, and three vagabonds, 146

Somers (or Wilson), Thomas, and sixteen felons, 177

Southwell, Robert, 169

Southworth, John, 185

Spiggott, 229

Squire, Edward, 170

Stacy, ⸺, 190

Stafford, Thomas, 154

⸺, Viscount, 33, 201

Strancham, Edward, 165

Stansbury, James, 241-42

Stanton, William, 154

Stayley, William, 32, 200

Story, Dr. John, 64, 157, 159

Strangewayes, Major, 39-40

Stretchley, ⸺, 154

Stubbs, Francis, 193

Tatersall, ⸺, 149

Tempeste, Nicholas, 144

Thistlewood, Arthur, 33, 34

Thomas, William, 152

Thompson (or Blackborne), William, 165

Thornton, ⸺, 149

Throckmorton, Francis, 163

⸺, John, 154

Thwing, Thomas, 201

Tichburn, Nicholas, 174, 175

⸺, Thomas, 174-75

Tonge, Thomas, 193

Town, Richard, 227

Townley, Francis, 33

Tresilian, Chief Justice, 106-7

Trotman, Samuel, 260

Turberville, Sir Thomas, 98-9

Turner, Anthony, 201

⸺, Mrs. 180

Tyrell, Sir James, 123

Uske, Thomas, 107

Walcott, Thomas, 205

Wallace, John, 101

⸺, Sir William, 31, 32 and note, 99-100, 101

Warbeck, Perkin, 121

Ward, Margaret, 166

Ward, William, 183

Watkinson, Robert, 174-75

Wawe, Wille, 111-12

Webley, Henry, 165-66

⸺, Thomas, 164 and note

Webster, Father, 134-36

Wells, Swithin, 166

Weston, Richard, 180

White, Eustachius, 166

Whitebread, Thomas, 201

Whitney, James, 213

Wild, Jonathan, 235

Wilford, Thomas, 248

Wilkinson, Abraham, 23 note

⸺, Oswald, 159-60

⸺, ⸺, 213

William, a messenger of the King, 88

William “Longbeard,” see Fitz Osbert

Wilson, Penlez, and 13 others, 243

Winslowe, ⸺, 151

Woodall, Richard, 154

Woodfen (Wheeler, or Devereux), Nicholas, 164-65

Woodhouse, Thomas, 160

Wright, Peter, and 13 malefactors, 184

Wyndham, Sir John, 123

Wyntreshull, Thomas, 108

Yorke, Edmund, Williams, Richard, and an Irish fencing-master, 168

Various, of unnamed persons⸺

1238, “a learned squire,” 30

1255, 18 Jews of Lincoln, 94

1267, 13 rioters, 96

1271, 33 rioters, 30

1278, 280 Jews in London, and a very great multitude elsewhere, 97

1284, 7 (or 16?) for murder of Duket, 97-8

1293, 13 persons, 37

1345, 4 servants of Sir John, 104

1386, wife and 3 (4?) servants, of landlord of the “Cock,” 105-6

1455, 2 or 3 for riot in London, 117

1467, 4 men, a fellowship of church robbers, 119

1483, 4 yeomen of the Crown, 120

1495, 150 adherents of Perkin Warbeck, 120

1502, a shipman, 123

1532, certain traitors, 132

1537, 7 men of Lincolnshire, 143

1540, several, in London, 146

1549, 3 out of the West, 150-51

1550, 9 felons, 151

1552, 3 tall men and a lacquey, 151

1553, 2 felons, 151

1554, 58 after Wyatt’s rebellion, 152

1556, “hangman with the stump-leg,” 155

” 10 thieves, 153

1557, a woman of 60 and a lad, 155

1570, 2 coiners, 156

1590, 16 felons, 166

1598, 19 felons, 170

1640, 24 felons, 187-88

1679, 8 priests, 201

1680, 12 men and 3 women, 205

1690, 6 persons, 209

” 13 ” 211

1693, 14 ” 213

1694, 18 ” 213

” 14 ” 213

1696, 14 ” 219

1697, 14 ” 219

1732, 13 ” 236

1733, 12 ” 236

” 13 ” 236

1736, 2 men at Bristol (who revive), 224

1737, 12 persons, 236

1738, 13 ” 236

” 11 ” 236

1739, 11 ” 236

” 11 ” 236

1750, 13 ” 243

1750, 13 persons, 243

1750, 3 women drunk, 244

1750, 6 for robbing of 6s., 244

1750, 11, and Maclean, 244

1750, 15 persons, 246

1751, 3 boys, 246

1752, 11 persons, 249

1754, 12 ” 249

1757, 12 ” 249

1769, 5 weavers, 255

1773, 5 persons, 258

1780, man for robbing Jeremiah Bentham, 266

1785, 20, 5 for one robbery, 268

frequency of, in 1539, 141-42

under Henry VIII., 142-43

5,000, in Wales, 143

Eye—

gallows at, 15

a witch of, 114

Eyes, tearing out of, 56

Farleigh Castle, 124-29

Ferrers, Earl of, murdered (1177), 82

Ferrers, Earl—

a homicidal lunatic, 249

his splendid procession, 250

“drop” introduced at his execution, 251

legend of the silk rope, 251

Fielding, Henry,—

law reformer, iv, 78

“Jonathan Wild, the Great,” 234

Fielding, Sir John, 259

Fife, Earl of, 104

Fifth-Monarchy men, outbreak of, 193

Fisher, John, Bishop of Rochester—

attempt to poison, 21-2

and Elizabeth Barton, 133

Fitz-Athulf, Constantine, 83-6, 103

Fitz Osborn (or Osbert), William, known as “Longbeard,” his execution the first recorded at Tyburn, 79, 103

Flaying alive, 24-5

Fleet Street, gallows set up in, 152

“Fleta” quoted, 31 note, 37

Forests bordering on highways—

cleared, 8, 10 note

in England, 7-9

Fortescue, Chief Justice, quoted, iv, 138

France—

etiquette of the gallows, 19

hanging on trees, 19

the elm, as a symbol of justice, 57

petty courts, 57 note

Franchises—

granted by the Crown, 7

value of franchise of furca et fossa, 18

Freeman, Edward Augustus, historian, “Norman Conquest” quoted, 13, 56

French Peasantry, miserable condition of, as compared with English yeomen, 138

Friars—

mitigate punishment, vi

minorite, plead for Jews of Lincoln, 94-5

lose favour thereby, 95

Froude, James Anthony, historian, “We cannot blame the Government,” 136

Fry, Mrs., quoted, iv

“Furca et fossa,” 7

Gahagan, Usher, edits Latin authors, translates Pope into Latin, hanged for filing gold, 242

Gallows—

great number of, in 13th century, 7

prioresses have, 7

ordinary form of, 63

triangular, 63-4, 249

how many could be hanged at a time? 64

new, erected at “The Elms” in 1220, 60, 103

at “The Elms” in 1170, 60

great number set up in London in 1554, 152

and bodies of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, 191

movable, introduced, 249

at Bethnal Green, 255

high gallows, 99, 100-1, 257

And see Tyburn gallows

Gascoigne, Chief Justice, on peine forte et dure, 38

Gaunt, Elizabeth, last woman burnt in England for political offence, 207

Geninges, Edmund—

“Life and Death” of, 65

manner of his death, 166-67

George I., 217, 219, 227

George II., 218, 219

George III., 219, 262

Gibbet—

always remote from towns, and why, 62-3

scanty information as to, 62

term used loosely, 62

of Montfaucon, 63

mention of, 86-7, 88, 100

Gibbets on Kennington Common (illustration)

Gilpin, Bernard, “Apostle of the North,” on rapacity of landlords, 139

Glastonbury Abbey, Charter of, 13

Gloucester, Duke of, murdered, 108, 116

Gloucester, statute of, 14

Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry, 178

probably self-murdered, 200

supposed murder used politically, 200

three men hanged for his murder, 201

Goodman, Thomas—

Parliament petitions for his execution, 184

dies in Newgate, 184

Governing classes, ferocity of, 78, 246-48, 257-58

Governments, under temptation to appeal to ignorance of people, 156-57

Green, J. R., historian, quoted, 56

Greenford, gallows at, 15

Gregory’s Chronicle, 63, 91 note, 110 note, 111-12

Grey, Lady Jane, 151

Guilds—

older than King Alfred, 140

destroyed, 140

Guillotine, machine resembling, in use in England before the Conquest, 23

Gunpowder Plot, 66 note

does not come into Annals of Tyburn, 176

Habeas Corpus—

not suspended by Charles II., 218

nor by James II., 219

suspended by William III. four times, 219

suspended by Anne once, 219

suspended by George I. thrice, 219

suspended by George II. four times, 219

suspended by George III. twenty times, 219

insincere writing about, 219 note

Halifax, machine resembling guillotine in use at, 23

Hallam, Henry, historian, on habeas corpus, 219 note

Halliford, gallows at, 16

Hampstead, gallows at, 16

“Hanged, drawn and quartered,” see “Drawing”

Hanging—

at Spalding, 19

on trees, 19, 137

in chains, 80, 99, 236, 246, 247

from a ladder, 135, 225

from a cart, 225

not enough, essays on the question, 246-47

revival after, see Revival

Hanging-Sword Alley, 241-42

Hangman—

several hanged, 3, 45-8

public ingratitude towards, 44

Cratwell, 45, 145

“Hangman with the stump-leg,” 45, 155

Bull, 45

Derrick, 45

Brandon, Gregory, 45, 46

Brandon, Richard, 46

Lowen, 46, 188

Dun “Esquire,” 46

Ketch, Jack, 46, 47, 207

his name became generic, 47

Rose, Pascha, 46, 207

Price, John, 47, 228

Meff, John, 47

Thrift, John, 48

Dennis, Edward, 48

and Jonathan Wild, 235

Hanover Square, 69 note

Harington, William, manner of his death, 167

Harrison, William, historian—

his “Description of England,” 21-4, 22 note, 38-9, 40

misquotes Cardan, 142-43

Hawes, Nathaniel, put in the Press, 41

Hay Hill, Hyde Park, gallows set up at, 152

Hays, Catherine—

murders her husband, 235-36

inspires Thackeray’s “Catherine, A Story,” 236

Heads, strange discovery of, 51-2

Heiress—

stealing one made a felony, 209

case of Mary Wharton, 209-11

Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., visit to Tyburn, 65, 66 and note, 67, 182

print representing of no historical value, 67 note

Henry I., 17, 24, 56-7

Henry II., 24

Henry III.—

Attempt to assassinate, 30, 88, 89, 90

orders new gallows, 60 and note, 63

mentioned, 93-4

pardons woman who revives after hanging, 226-27 and note

Henry IV., 108, 109

Year Book of, 38

Henry VI., 112-15

pardons murderers of Duke of Gloucester after drawing and hanging, 116, 117

Henry VII., 119, 121, 122, 123, 141 note

Henry VIII., 77, 126, 132

divorces Catherine, 132

invests himself with supremacy of the Church, 133, 134

divorces Anne Boleyn, 136

procures dissolution of monasteries, 136

his order to kill man, woman, and child, 137

and Cardan, 142-43

his executions, 142-43, 146

and Catherine Howard, 150

Heretics—

Protestant, burnt under James I., 177

Heytesbury, a seat of the Hungerford family, 124, 125, 126

Highwaymen—

era of, 78

proclamations as to, 194-95

Hind and Hannum, 195

Duval, 195-98

rewards for capture of, 195

rob mail of £2,500, 195

Manchester carrier of £15,000, 195

mail of £5,000, 207

excellent account given by Macaulay, 198

The Golden Farmer, 211

Witney, James, 211-13

seven executed, 212

20 in Newgate (1693), 213

8 executed (1694), 213

“The Gentleman Highwayman,” 244

strange story of, 259

Highway robbery, an out-door sport, 258-59

Hinde, James, a noted highwayman, 194, 195

Hogarth, William—

representation of Tyburn gallows, 68, 72

print of Idle Apprentice, 241

“Blood-Bowl House,” 241

“Stages of Cruelty,” 245, 248

“Homors” of Canterbury Cathedral, corruption of “Ormeaux,” 58

Hope, A. J. B., on discovery of bones, 53

Hospitals seized, 140

Hounslow Heath, 151, 259

Howard, Catherine, 150

Howard, Frances—

Countess of Essex, 179

passion for Carr, 179

poisons Overbury, 179

procures divorce from Earl of Essex, 179-80

marries Carr, 180

pleads guilty to charge of murdering Overbury, 180

is condemned and pardoned, 180

her end, 180

Howell, James, quoted, 177, 181 note

Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 80-1

Hue and Cry—

described by Bracton, 12

raised in a panic, 12

raised, 17

“Humeaux,” 60 note

And see “The Elms”

Hungerford, Lady Alice (Agnes)—

murders her first husband, John Cotell, 124, 126-27

hanged at Tyburn, 124

buried in Grey Friars Church, 125

second wife of Sir Edward Hungerford, 125

inherits all his goods, 126

indicted in Somerset, 126

trial removed to Westminster, 127

sentenced to be hanged, 127

Hungerford, Sir Thomas, 124

Sir Edward, 125, 126, 128, 129

Hungerford—

House, 125

Market, 125

Stairs, 125

Bridge, 126

Street, 126

Hurdle—

mitigates punishment of drawing, vi

first mention of, 29 and note

“hurdle” and “sledge,” words used indifferently, 29 note, 192

Hyde Park Corner, gallows erected at, 152

Ickneild Street, 17

Ina, Law of, 7

Ireton, Henry, body hanged at Tyburn, 190

Isabella, wife of Edward II., 101

Iveney, gallows at, 16

James I., 176

executions in reign of, 76

his “favourites,” 178, 181 note

correct attitude towards the “Bishop of Rome,” 178

gross immorality of his Court, 178

Was he an accomplice in the murder of Overbury? 181

or guilty of the death of Prince Henry? 181

Jardine, David, on torture, 36 note

Jeaffreson, John Cordy, “Middlesex County Records,” 76-7

Jeffreys, Lord Chancellor, 106

Jews accused of murder of boy at Lincoln, 91-5

eighteen hanged, 94

280 hanged in London and a multitude elsewhere, 97

lend money on relics, 138 and note

Johnson, Dr. Samuel—

on procession to Tyburn, 146

on Bernardi’s imprisonment, 217

and Dr. Dodd, 262

on murder of Miss Ray, 264-65

Johnson, Samuel (Rector of Corringham)—

writes against the Duke of York, 208

and the Government, 208

sentenced to be whipped to Tyburn, 208

degraded, 209

sentence annulled, 209

“John the Painter” hanged on gallows 60 feet high, 257

Jones, Mary—

her piteous story, 255-58

Sir W. Meredith on, 257-58

Judges, ferocity of, 28, 36, 40, 42, 166, 207

Judicial error, terrible in 1386, 105

“Juges sous l’orme,” 57

Jura regalia, 7

of the Most High, 248

Kennington Common—

execution on, 33, 48

gibbets on, (illustration)

Ketch, Jack, 207

a famous hangman, 46-7

beheads Lord William Russell and Duke of Monmouth, 47

his name becomes generic, 47

For other hangmen see under Hangman

Knightsbridge, gallows at, 15

Laleham, gallows at, 16

Landlords, rapacity of, 139

Latimer, Hugh—

his father a typical yeoman, 138-39

his sermons quoted, 138-39, 141-42

on frequency of executions, 141-42

jests at the burning of Friar Forest, 158 and note

on commission to try heretics, 158

jeers at burning of Anabaptists, 158

Law-French, an exquisite jargon, 33 note

Lawyers, the object of resentment, 19

Leofstan, Abbat, founds Wardenship of Chiltern Hundreds, 8-9

Limbs, lopping off of, 56, 86

Lincoln—

Jews of, accused of murder of boy, 91-5

18 hanged, 94

Cathedral and Little St. Hugh, 93

Lingard, Dr. John, historian, quoted, 168, 171 note

Lipsius, Justus, his “De Cruce,” v, 62

Llewellyn, brother of David III., head exposed on Tower of London, 100

Loftie, W. J., quoted, 62

Lombards, attack on, 116

London to be called “Little Troy,” 107

London Bridge, first heads exposed on, 100-1

Lopez Roderigo—

accused of designing to poison Elizabeth, 167-68

probably innocent, but executed, 168

Lorrain, Paul—

Ordinary of Newgate, 67

his loyalty, 227

his broadsheets, 228

his “saints,” 228

account of last scene, 240-41

Lundy Island, William Marsh establishes himself as a pirate there, 88-9

Macaulay, Thomas Babington, historian—

gives excellent account of highwaymen, 198

on Elizabeth Gaunt, 207

on Jeremy Collier, 216

on Major Bernardi, 216

on habeas corpus, 218-19

Machiavelli, Niccolò, his “Prince” quoted, 157

Machyn, Henry, value of his Diary, 151

Maclean, James—

“The Gentleman Highwayman,” 244-45

robs Horace Walpole, 244-45

not a free-thinker, 245

his skeleton in Surgeons’ Hall, 245

Magna Carta—

a conception of the thirteenth century, 218

derided by Cromwell, 218

the basis of habeas corpus, 218

Mails robbed, 195, 207

Manacles, a form of torture, 170

Mandeville, Bernard de, 78

describes an execution at Tyburn, 240

on supply of bodies for dissection, 248-49

Maps of London and of Middlesex, 65-8

Marble Arch—

gallows did not stand here, 61

improvements, 70

Marteilhe, Jean, 63

Martyrdom, held to atone for errors of persecutors, 158-59

Mary, Queen, 77, 151, 159, 177

Wyatt’s Rebellion, 151-52

conspiracy to rob Exchequer, 153-55

Menteith, Earl of, 104

Mercenaries, Foreign, 140 and note, 141

Meredith, Sir William—

law reformer, 78

on case of Mary Jones and another, 257-58

Middlesex County Records, 76

Mildmay, Sir Henry, drawn to Tyburn on a sledge, 192-93

Milksop, John, a thief, strange case of, 17

Milton, “Comus” quoted, 178

Minorite Friars—

plead for imprisoned Jews, 94-5

lose favour thereby, 95

Misson, Henri—

“Mémoires” quoted, 202 note

Monasteries—

Dissolution of, 136

results of, 137-43

destroys yeomanry, 139

Monks—

power to release thieves, 13-14

good landlords, 138, 139, 142

maintained the poor, 141

Monmouth, Duke of—

execution, 47

rebellion of, 206

Monson, Lord, drawn to Tyburn on a sledge, 192-93

Montague, Basil—

law reformer, 78

founds Society for the Diffusion of Knowledge upon the Punishment of Death, 258

son of the Earl of Sandwich, 265

Carlyle on, 265

More, Sir Thomas—

quoted on title page

on punishment for theft, 79

and Elizabeth Barton, 133

on numbers hanged, 142

Mortimer, Edmund—

invades the franchise of Montgomery, 18

Mortimer, Roger—

said in error to be the first executed at Tyburn, 103

his indictment, 104 note

Mourning-coach—

allowed to “gentlemen” on their way to Tyburn, 202 and note

first recorded case, 202 note

a seat in one refused to a foot-pad, 254

Mute, prisoners standing—

to be treated as guilty, 42

to be taken to plead “not guilty,” 43

And see Peine forte et dure

Necromancy, a story of, 112-15

Newbury, hundred of, fifteen gallows in, 7

Newgate—

heads set on, 104, 107

the “drop,” 257, 267

transfer of executions to, 267

capacity of new gallows, 268

20 men hanged at a time, 268

Norden, map of Middlesex, 65, 67

Norwich, riot at, 29, 30

Oates, Titus—

and Tonge invent the Popish Plot, 199-200

pilloried, whipped, and imprisoned, 202

last appearance in pillory, 203

re-established as Protestant champion, 203-4

his services rewarded, 204

Ordeal of water, 83 and note

Orton, Henry, condemned to death, 160-61

Overbury, Sir Thomas—

murder of, 178-79

a poet, 178

Ox-hide used for “drawing,” 28, 99

“The common,” 104

Paddington, gallows at, 15

Pardon Churchyard, burials in, 49-50

Parliament—

petitions for execution of priests, 157, 184

conflict on subject of Oates, 203 and note, 204

petitions for execution of Pickering, 205

Paston Letters, 10

Peasants, revolt of, in 1381, 106; in 1549, 150

Peine forte et dure—

judge-made, 36

successive stages of growth, 36-40

writers mistaken as to results of, 36, 41

originally severe imprisonment to make accused plead, 37, 38

Clitherow, Margaret, 39

Strangewayes, Major, 39, 40

Harrison on, 38, 39

became a punishment worse than hanging, 40

Stanford, Sir William, on, 41 and note

Spiggott’s case, 41, 229-30

Hawes’s case, 41, 230

abolished in 1772, 42

Thorely’s case, 42

Mercier’s case, 42

Chidley’s remonstrance, 187

Penal Laws, defended by Elizabeth’s Government, 164 note

Pepys, Samuel—

sees head of Cromwell and others on Westminster Hall, 192

sees Lord Monson and Sir H. Mildmay being drawn to Tyburn, 193

Perreau, Robert and Daniel—

and Mrs. Rudd, 260-61

Mr. Bleackley’s account of, 261

and Dr. Dodd, 262

Persecution, religious, considered a duty by the Reformers, 157-58

Peterborough, Abbat of, kills some of his monks, 138 note

Philip, husband of Queen Mary, 154

“Piers Plowman” quoted, 130

Pike, Luke Owen, “History of Crime” quoted, 203 note

Pirates, numerous, where and how executed, 20 and note

Pits for burial at Tyburn, 51

Placita de Quo Waranto, 14, 15

Poaching affray, 148-49

Poisoning made high treason, 21-2

Act so making it repealed, 22

“Great Oyer of Poisoning,” 178-81

Poisons, administered to Overbury, 179

Pope—

advises Richard I., 81

Elizabeth’s quarrel with, 156-57

Bunyan describes his impotent railing, 156

Pope, Alexander—

his epitaph on Trumball, 216

“Tyburn’s elegiac lines,” 240 note

Pope, William, Memoirs of Du Val, 195-97

Popish Plot, 199-205

Sixteen persons executed for, 201

Population of England—

under Henry VIII., estimated at 5,000,000, 141

Prance, Miles, a perjurer, his punishment, 202-3

Preachers of new doctrines imported, 139-40, 142

Predatory Classes, civilisation has improved their opportunities of plunder, 11, 12-13

Pretenders, adherents of, executed—

in 1715, 227

in 1718, 228

in 1746, 33

in 1753, 249

Pride, Thomas, 191

Princes Street, Hanover Square, gallows in, 42-3

Procession to Tyburn—

halts at St. Giles’s hospital, 4

great concourse, 145, 215, 243, 250, 261

Dr. Johnson on, 146, 267

not allowed to stop for drink, 243

grandest, 250

greatest known, 263

Dr. Dodd on, 263

Pym, John, his body removed, 192

Quartering, see Treason

“Rageman,” statute so called, 14

Ray, Miss Martha—

murdered by Hackman, 263-64

mistress of Lord Sandwich, 264, 265

mother of Basil Montague, 265

Grub Street ballad on, 265

Rebellion—

of 1745, 33, 249

in Cornwall (1497) 121-22

in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire (1536), 137; (1541), 149

in the West and Norfolk (1549), 150-51

in favour of Lady Jane Grey (1553), 151

Wyatt’s (1554), 151-52

in the North (1569), 155

Great, 185

Monmouth’s (1685), 206

Regicides, execution of, 190

Religious liberty not understood in the 16th century, 157-58

Reprieve, story of, 266

“Resources of civilisation,” 217-19

Revival after hanging, 221-27

John Smith, 221-23

Duel, 223-24

Chovet studies the question, 224

Gordon, 224

Reynolds, 224

two men at Bristol, 224

Patrick Redmond, 225

Anne Greene, 225-26

Margaret Dickenson, 226

Ivetta de Balsham, after hanging 12 hours, 226-27 and note

planned by Jack Sheppard, 233

of Dr. Dodd attempted, 263

Richard I.—

punishment ordered by, 19

his crusade, 79

imprisonment and ransom, 79-80

removes the justiciar, 81

Richard II., 106, 108, 109, 110

Richardson, Samuel, describes an execution at Tyburn, 50-1, 236-40

Riley, Henry Thomas, quoted, 60 note

Riots—

in London in 1222, 84-6

in London in 1267, 95-7

in Norwich in 1271, 29-30

in London in 1668, 193-94

in Strand in 1749, 242-43

in Bethnal Green in 1769, 255

Rishton, Edward, condemned to death, 160-61

Robbery—

ancient forms of, crude and limited, 10, 13

modern improvement and extension, 10, 11

Rochester, Bishop of, attempt to poison, 21-2

Rocque, John, his maps, 68

Romilly, Samuel, law reformer, vi, 78, 257 note

Rose, Richard, boiled to death, 21, 22

Rotuli Hundredorum, 14, 15, 16

Royal Exchange, pillory at, 202, 203

Russell, Lord William,—

executed for Rye House Plot, 47, 206

and execution of Pickering, 205

Rye House Plot—

executions for, 205-6

and Elizabeth Gaunt, 206

Sadler, Thomas, steals Chancellor’s mace, 198-99

St. Alban’s—

Leofstan, Abbat of, see Leofstan

highwaymen at, 211

St. George, Hanover Square—

map of Parish, 68

Dr. Dodd and the living of, 261

St. Giles-in-the-Fields—

“St. Giles’s bowl,” 4, 243

supposed site of royal gallows, 58-9, 58 note

Tangier tavern, lying in state of Claude Duval, 197

St. Hugh (Little) of Lincoln—

story of, 91-5

Chaucer’s “Prioress’s Tale,” 91

St. John of Jerusalem, Priory of, 49, 50

St. Margaret, Westminster, exhumed bodies buried in a pit, 192

St. Mary-le-Bow, occurrences at, 80-1, 97-8

St. Pancras (old church), Jonathan Wild buried at, 235

St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87

St. Paul’s, Covent Garden, 197

Saint Sepulchre’s—

burial in, refused, 50

burial in, 150

tolling of great bell established, 175-76

St. Thomas-a-Waterings—

gallows of, 61

executions at, 148, 180

Salisbury, a non-juring parson, forges to prejudice the Government, 220

Samson, Abbat of Bury St. Edmund’s, 137

Sandwich, Lord—

“protector” of Martha Ray, 264

invents the sandwich, 265

Saussure, César de—

quoted, iv

on benefit of clergy, 131

on peine forte et dure, 230 note

Savoy, custom of, 10

Scots, the first and last, on whom the full punishment for treason inflicted, 33

Sessions—

at Newgate every 3 weeks in 1539, 142

at the Marshalsea every fortnight, 142

Shaftesbury, Earl of, directs the Popish Plot, 200-2

Shakespeare quoted, 64-5, 65 note, 116, 157, 170

Shard, Justice, strains the law, 28

Shelley, Percy Bysshe, poet, quoted, v

Sheppard, Jack—

a great prison-breaker, 230

story of his last escape, 231-33

re-captured and hanged, 233

life written by Defoe, 233

portrait by Thornhill, 233

inspired a sermon, 234

Shepperton, gallows at, 16

“Ship of Fools,” iv, 140 note

Shirley’s “Wedding” quoted, 67

Shoplifting Act, vi, 220, 246

denounced by Romilly, 220

Shoreditch, Sir John of, his murder, 103-4

Sidmouth, Viscount, vi

Sieveking, Mr. Herbert, vi, 65 note, 68

Sisamnes, story of, 24

“Sixteen-string Jack,” 260

Slavery, re-established in England, 140

Sledge, “sledge” and “hurdle,” words used indifferently, 192

Smith, Sir Thomas—

“De Republica Anglorum,” quoted, 35

tortures, 35

on benefit of Clergy, 130-31

Smithfield—

“The Elms” of, the civic gallows, 57, 58, 59

burnings here for heresy, 59 and note

single combat in, 115

“Fires of Smithfield,” not extinguished by death of “bloody Mary,” 177

Sir W. Meredith on, 257-58

execution of highwayman at, 213

execution of bankrupt at, 227

Society, for the Diffusion of Knowledge upon the Punishment of Death, 258

Sorcery, a story of, 112-15

Southwell, Robert—

tortured, 36

poet and martyr, 168-69

Spalding, hanging at, 19

Spaniards, rumour that Philip has brought in 12,000, 154

Spiggott, ⸺, put in the Press, 41, 229-30

Stafford, Thomas, his rebellion and execution, 154

Staines, gallows at, 16

Stanford, Sir William, “Les Plees del Coron,” 33 note, 40, 41 and note

Stanley, Dean, quoted, 25, 58 note

States General—

surrender Regicides, 190

and Sir Thomas Armstrong, 206

Statute Book, 200 capital offences on, 6

Statutes cited—

3 Edw. I. (1275), c. 12, 37

4 Edw. I. (1276) (“Rageman”), 14

4 Edw. I. (1276), c. 1, 2, 131

6 Edw. I. (1278) (Statute of Gloucester), 14

13 Edw. I. (1285) (Statute of Winchester), 10 note

18 Edw. III. (1344), St. 3, c. 2, 132

25 Edw. III. (1352), St. 5, c. 2, 30-1

25 Edw. III. (1352), St. 6, c. 4, 129

3 Henry VII. (1487), c. 3, 209

4 Henry VII. (1488-9), c. 19, 141 note

22 Henry VIII. (1530-1), c. 9, 21 and note

23 Henry VIII. (1531), c. 1, 129

26 Henry VIII. (1534), c. 1, 133

27 Henry VIII. (1535-6), c. 25, 143

32 Henry VIII. (1540-1), c. 16, 147

1 Edw. VI. (1547), c. 3 (Slave Act), 140

1 Edw. VI. (1547), c. 12, 22, 132

1 Eliz. (1559), c. 1, 163

23 Eliz. (1581), c. 1, 164

27 Eliz. (1584), c. 2, 175

1 James I. (1603), c. 15, 227 note

21 James I. (1623), c. 6, 77; c. 19, 227

13 Charles II. (1661), c. 15, 192

4 & 5 Will. and Mary (1692), c. 8, 195

7 & 8 Will. III. (1695-6), c. 1, 214; c. 19, 215

8 & 9 Will. III. (1696-7), c. 2, c. 8, c. 26, 215; c. 5, 217

9 Will. III. (1697), c. 2, c. 21, 215; c. 4, 217

10 Will. III. (1698), c. 12,[215] vi, 78, 220-21, 246

10 Will. III. (1698), c. 19, 217

1 Anne (1701), St. 1, c. 29, 217

4 & 5 Anne (1705), c. 4, 227

5 & 6 Anne (1706), c. 6, 221

1 Geo. I. (1714), st. 2, c. 7, 217

1 Geo. II. (1727), st. 1, c. 4, 218

5 Geo. II. (1732), c. 30, 227

8 Geo. II. (1735), c. 20, 224 note

25 Geo. II. (1752), c. 37, 247, 250

12 Geo. III. (1772), c. 20, 42

26 Geo. III. (1786), c. 49, 78

7 & 8 Geo. IV. (1827), c. 27, vi

7 & 8 Geo. IV. (1827), c. 28, 43, 131

5 Edw. VII. (1905), c. 13, 147

Acts suspending habeas corpus cited generally, 219

See also under Æthelstan, Alfred, Henry I., Ina, William the Conqueror.

Stephen, Sir James Fitzjames, opinion that we have gone too far in abolishing the penalty of death, 6

quoted, 12, 18, 36, 57, 129, 227

Stirling Castle, siege of, 99-100

Story, Dr. John—

a bitter persecutor, 157

his execution memorable, 157

triangular gallows first used for, 157

his career, 159

kidnapped, 159

executed, 159

Stow, John, burial of executed persons, 49-50

Strangeways, Major, manner of his death, 39-40

Stumphius, an imported preacher, 142

Strype, John, historian, quoted, 51-2, 69 and note, 158 note

Surgeons and bodies of executed criminals, 239, 243, 244, 248-49, 249

Surgeons’ Hall, 223, 248

Hogarth’s “Stages of Cruelty,” 245

bodies of murderers to be given to, 247, 248-49

body of Earl Ferrers in, 250, 251

body of Mrs. Brownrigg, 253-54

Swift, Jonathan—

on “Blueskin,” 234 note

on “Clever Tom Clinch,” 240

Tarlton, Richard—

his “Jests,” 45, 64 note

his “Newes out of Purgatorie,” 64

Teddington, gallows at, 15

Temple Bar, heads exposed on, 33

Thieves and robbers pursued without mercy, 13

Thistlewood and four others, manner of execution, 33, 34

Throckmorton, Francis, alleged treason of, 163-64 and note

Thumbs, tying together, 42

Tilford, the oak of, 15 note

“Time is money,” 54

Tonge, Dr. Ezrael, 199

Topcliffe, Richard, the English Torquemada, 169

Torture—

illegal, but practised, 35, 36

Hallam on use of, 35

use of, denied by Sir Thomas Smith, who practised it, 35

use of, defended by Lord Burghley, 35-6, 161-62, 162-63 and note

use of, defended by Sir R. Wiseman, 36 note

Jardine on, 36 note

last recorded case, 36 note

of Edmund Campion, 161-62

of Alexander Brian, 161-62

the Government’s defence of, 161-62

of Francis Throckmorton, 164 note

of Southwell, 169

used in ordinary cases, 169-70

Tower of London, place for exposing heads, 100

Townley, Francis, manner of execution, 33

“Trailbaston,” inquisition so called, 16

Travellers, murder of, 9

Treason, high—

defined by Statute, 30-1

punishment of, 31-4

form of sentence, 31

later form, 31

last execution for, 33-4

Treason, petty, 28, 104, 105, 129

Treasury of king at Westminster robbed, 11, 24-5

Turberville, Sir Thomas de—

drawn to gallows on an ox-hide, 28 note, 99

execution of, 31 note, 98, 99

Turner, Mrs., inventress of “yellow starch,” 181 note

Tyburn Gallows—

probable number of persons executed at, 3, 75-8

methods of execution, 3, 4

superstition, 48

slang expressions, 48

burials from, 49-53

site of, 54-70

gallows, when first set up, not before Conquest, 54

probably about 1108, 56-7

first known as “The Elms,” 57

no evidence of supposed changes of site of royal gallows, 58, 60-1

Earl of Oxford has gallows here, 59

gallows in constant use, 61

permanent, 61

movable, 61, 69-70

why so far from city, 61-3

and gibbets, 62

original form of gallows, 63

triangular, 63-4, 67-8, 71

proposals to remove, 69

removed, 69-70

last execution at, 70, 72

chronology of, 71-2

Dryden on, 74

annals of meagre, 75

mention of, sometimes omitted, 91 note

first recorded execution, 79

mistake as to Roger Mortimer, 103

said to be hung with garlands, 182

Chidley nails his protest near, 187

whipping from Newgate to, 202, 208, 209

pillory at, 202

said to be hung in mourning, 214

reason of removal to Newgate, 267, 268

martyrs of, 268

Oratory near, 268

Tyburn Gate, 70

Tyburn ticket, 220 and note

Villon, François, poet of the gibbet, 63

Wallace—

execution of, 31-2, 32 note, 99, 100

his head the first exposed on London Bridge, 100

Walpole, Horace—

robbed by Maclean, 244-45

his account of execution of Earl Ferrers, 251

Wapping—

execution of pirates at, 20 and note

Execution Dock, 63

Warbeck, Perkin, pretender, 120-21

Watling Street, 8, 17, 67

Waverley Abbey, reference to, 15 note

Weavers of Bethnal Green, 254-55

“Were” and “wite,” 55

Westbourne, gallows at, 16, 58

Westminster, Abbat of—

has 16 gallows in Middlesex, 13, 15-16, 58

houses wrecked, 84-5

Westminster Abbey, Dean’s Yard, formerly “The Elms,” 58

Wharton, Mary, stolen, 209-11

Whitney, James, a noted highwayman, 211-13

Wild, Jonathan—

director of a great system of robbery, 234-35

exploits celebrated by Fielding, 234

pelted on way to Tyburn, 235

William the Conqueror abolishes capital punishment, 56

substitutes other punishments, 56

William III.—

Shoplifting Act, 78

Assassination Plot, 215-17

imprisons Bernardi without trial, 217

the first king who suspends habeas corpus, 218-19

William, the sacrist of Westminster Abbey, 11, 24-5

Winchester—

roads near, unsafe, 9-10

Statute of, 10 note

Woman burnt for treason—

Mrs. Gaunt, in 1685, the last, except for coining, 207

narrow escape of Mrs. Merewether, 207

Wren, Sir Christopher, 225

Wyatt, Sir Thomas—

his rebellion, 151-52

beheaded, 152

“Yellow Starch,” 181 note

Yeomen, English—

a prosperous class, 138

helped to maintain poor, 139, 141

destroyed, 139, 140, 141

Yonge, Justice—

his methods, 166

UNWIN BROTHERS, LIMITED, THE GRESHAM PRESS, WOKING AND LONDON.