INDEX.

A.

Abdul Qâdir Jilâni, a saint, I. 216.

Abdul Wâhid, a Pîr, I. 203.

Abhramu, the elephant, II. 239.

Abor tribe, belief in tree spirits, II. 78.

Abu ’Ali Qalandar, a saint, I. 218.

Abul Fazl, murder of, I. 138.

Acheri, a Bhût, I. 137, 263.

Achilles, horses of, II. 205.

Adbhûtanâtha, a deified aerolite, I. 82.

Aditi, the eternal Mother, I. 111, 242.

Aditya, worship of, I. 5.

Adonis, I. 48.

Aerolites, theory regarding, I. 82; used as fetish stones, I. 82.

Aeshma, I. 280.

Aetites, the, I. 116.

Agamukhi, a demon, II. 224.

Agariya tribe, respect for iron, II. 12; instruction in witchcraft, II. 264.

Agarwâla tribe, worship of the ass, II. 209; of the snake, II. 139.

Agastya, the saint, I. 25, 64, 76, 77.

Aghâsura, the serpent king, II. 130.

Aghorpanthi sect, eaters of human flesh, II. 171.

Agni, the fire god, I. 2; II. 156, 192; well of, I. 53.

Agnidurga, worship of, I. 95.

Agnikunda, the fire-pit, II. 196.

Agwân, worship of, I. 128.

Agwânî, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Ahalya, legend of, I. 13.

Ahban Râjput, a totem sept, II. 149.

Aheriya tribe, barring the ghost, II. 57; sheep worship, II. 226; sun worship, I. 9; worship of Vâlmîki, I. 195.

Ahi, the weather dragon, I. 66; II. 123, 126.

Ahîran, worship of, II. 122.

Ahiwâsi, a totem tribe, II. 149.

Aindrânî, one of the Mothers, I. 112.

Air, spirits of the, I. 65.

Airâvata, a sacred elephant, II. 239.

Airi, a Bhût, I. 261.

Aiyanâr, worship of, I. 262.

’Ajab Sâlâr, a Pîr, I. 205.

Akâsh Bel creeper, a charm for barrenness, I. 227.

Akata Bîr, worship of, I. 255.

Akbar, rules about cow-killing, II. 235; fire worship, II. 196; sun worship, I. 7.

Âkh tree, marriage with, II. 115, 117.

Akhtîj, a rural festival, II. 287.

Akshaya Vata, a sacred tree, II. 98.

Alakhiya sect, fetish worship of the alms-bag, II. 186.

Alam Sayyid, a saint, II. 206.

Alawaka, a Yaksha, II. 80.

Alexander of Macedon, legend of, I. 47.

Alha and Udal, song of, used as a rain charm, I. 75; II. 293; supposed to be still alive, I. 283.

’Ali, one of the Pîrs, I. 202; worshipped by wrestlers, I. 87.

All Fools’ Day, II. 321.

Alligator, a sacred animal, II. 252.

Amâvas, a day of rest for cattle, II. 234.

Amazons, the, II. 7.

Amba Bhawâni, worship of, I. 113.

Amber bead, used as an amulet, II. 19.

Amethyst, a sacred stone, II. 17, 18.

Aminâ Satî, a Pîr, I. 205.

Amputation, prejudice against, I. 280.

Amrita, legend of, I. 19.

Amritsar, lake of, I. 58.

Amulets, II. 15, 37.

Anasûya, legend of, I. 39.

Ancestors, worship of, I. 175; identified with the soil godling, I. 106; re-born in a calf, I. 179; re-born in a child, I. 179; worship connected with tree worship, II. 83; with snake worship, II. 145.

Androclus and the lion, II. 210.

Animal, a demon scarer, II. 203; parts of, used in amulets, II. 38, 203; euphemism in connection with, II. 54; grateful, II. 202; house and tomb haunters, II. 203; representing the Corn Spirit, II. 204; understanding human speech, II. 202; worship of, II. 201 sqq.

Animism, theory of, II. 83, 183.

Anjana, the elephant, II. 239.

Anjanavati, the elephant, II. 239.

Anka, the, II. 158.

Annadeva, the food godling, II. 11.

Annapûrna, worship of, I. 283.

Ant, the, II. 256.

Antâi, the whooping cough Mother, I. 113.

Antelope, the, II. 238.

Ant-hill, an altar, I. 10; II. 256

Anumati, a title of the moon, I. 15.

Anupama, the elephant, II. 239.

Anvil, sacred, I. 74; II. 14.

Aonla, a sacred tree, II. 102.

Apis, worship of, II. 229.

Appointment, charm to obtain, I. 152.

Apsaras, the, I. 265.

Aranî, the fire drill, II. 107, 194.

Arch, mystic effect of, I. 117.

Ardhanari, a title of Siva, I. 112.

Argha, the, II. 16.

Arjan, a snake godling, II. 133.

Arrow causing a well to flow, I. 52.

Arthur, King, I. 283.

Artisans, fetishes of, II. 186.

Arunah Ketavah, the, I. 19.

Arvan, the, II. 205.

Asapura, a Mother, I. 113.

Asarori, worship of, I. 115.

Ascetics, use of dust, I. 29.

Asgara, the fire drill, II. 194.

Ash tree connected with snakes, II. 104.

Ashâb-ul-kahf, the, I. 283.

Asherah, the, II. 86.

Ashes, footmarks of ghosts seen in, I. 176; II. 73; respect for, I. 292; from a cremation ground, I. 261; of the sacred fire, II. 197, 318.

Ashma stone, the, II. 61.

Ashraf ’Ali, shrine of, I. 225.

Ashta Mâtrî, the, I. 112.

Asmodeus, I. 280.

Asoka, pillars of, I. 91.

Aspen, a sacred tree, II. 98.

Ass, worship of, II. 208; in a panther’s skin, II. 209; the vehicle of Sîtalâ, I. 136; II. 209.

Assassins, sect of, I. 215.

Astbhuja Devî, worship of, I. 63, 284.

Astika Muni, legend of, II. 139.

Asuras, the, I. 251, 282.

Asvamedha, rite, II. 204.

Athletes, patron of, I. 210.

Athrâha ka manka, the, II. 41.

Atmadevata, worship of, I. 112.

Augar sect, eaters of human flesh, II. 171.

Aula Bîbi, a disease goddess, I. 130.

Avalanche, demon of, I. 264.

Avatâra, an incarnation, II. 156.

Axe, a fetish, II. 184.

B.

Bâba Kapûr, a saint, I. 219.

Babûl, sacred tree, II. 114.

Bachelor ghosts, I. 261.

Bachgoti Râjput sept, objection to potatoes, II. 158.

Bachla Devî, worship of, II. 176.

Bad smells offensive to Bhûts, II. 21.

Badarinâth, shrine at, I. 127.

Badiya tribe, tree worship, II. 91.

Badwâr rite, the, II. 322.

Bagaha, worship of, I. 267.

Bagâlya, a whirlwind sprite, I. 81.

Bâgarwâla, a title of Gûga, I. 211.

Bâgdi tribe, respect for the Sâl tree, II. 100.

Bâgh Bhût, the tiger ghost, II. 213.

Bâgh Deo, the tiger godling, II. 213.

Bâgh Jâtra, the tiger festival, II. 212.

Baghel Râjput sept, respect for the tiger, II. 211.

Bâgheswar, worship of, I. 256; II. 78, 213.

Baghsu Nâg, worship of, II. 126.

Baghwâh festival, the, II. 321.

Bahâ-ud-dîn Zikariya, a Pîr, I. 203, 208.

Bahâwal Haqq, the saint, I. 228.

Baheliya tribe, worship of Vâlmîki, I. 195.

Bahlâno, a Pîr, I. 205.

Baiga, a devil priest, I. 95, 147, 152, 157; proceedings as a ghost-finder, I. 103, 152.

Bairâm, a saint, I. 221.

Bais Râjput sept, snake descent, II. 124, 152.

Baiswâr tribe, sword worship, II. 185.

Baitâl, a Bhût, I. 243.

Bâjgi tribe, totemism, II. 152.

Bajrâvat tribe, tiger origin, II. 211.

Bakhtiyâr tribe, totemism, II. 150.

Bâlajî, worship of, II. 235.

Bâlakhilya, the, I. 244.

Bâla tribe, sun worship among, I. 9.

Bâla Pîr, a saint, I. 220.

Balarâma, legend of, I. 37.

Baldness, a protection against the Evil-Eye, II. 36.

Bali, a Daitya, I. 252.

Bamboos, respect for, II. 112.

Bandarpûnchh hill, the, I. 87.

Bandê, a Pîr, I. 205.

Bangara, a godling of fever, I. 136.

Bangara Bâî, worship of, II. 182.

Banhi, worship of, II. 181.

Bani Isrâel tribe, broom worship, II. 191; birth rites, I. 277; burial rites, I. 30.

Banjâra tribe, bull worship, II. 235; corpse removal, II. 56; barring the ghost, II. 56; continence, tests of, II. 105; use of horns, II. 225; worship of Mitthu Bhûkhiya, I. 197.

Bânpa Nâg, worship of, II. 125.

Bansapti Mâî, the jungle Mother, I. 62, 115.

Banshee, the, I. 256.

Bânsphor tribe, respect for trees, II. 103.

Banya, influencing rain, I. 78.

Banyan tree, the, II. 98.

Bara Deo, worship of, I. 61; II. 103.

Bârahduâri, worship of, I. 105.

Baranta, well of, I. 52.

Barbarossa, I. 283.

Barbers, saint of, I. 204.

Bareheaded person influencing rain, I. 78

Bargaballi tribe, totemism, II. 154.

Barhâwan, the, II. 311.

Barley, a sacred grain, I. 152, 227; II. 27.

Barra rite, the, II. 321.

Barrenness, cures for, I. 50, 68, 69, 87, 100, 160, 225; II. 190; caused by wandering spirits, II. 86.

Barring the ghost, II. 56.

Barun, a weather godling, I. 2.

Barwâr tribe, worship of the Pîr, I. 206.

Basant Shâh, a saint, I. 59.

Basanti, the sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Basket, a fetish, II. 113, 189; upturned, II. 309.

Basor tribe, barring the ghost, II. 58.

Bâsuk Nâg, the snake god, II. 131.

Bat, the, I. 279; bone of, II. 45.

Bathing, ceremonial, II. 25; a cure for disease, I. 39; at eclipses, I. 22; in the Ganges, I. 37

Battlefield ghosts, I. 259.

Battuk Bhairon, a godling, I. 109.

Baudhân, worship of, II. 81.

Bauri tribe, respect for the dog, II. 222; for the Sâl tree, II. 101.

Bâwariya tribe, goat sacrifice, I. 263; totemism, II. 154; tree marriage, II. 119.

Bayard, II. 205.

Bâzâr prices fixed by Khwâja Khizr, I. 48.

Bead, a protective, I. 115; II. 19.

Bean, sacred, II. 27.

Bear, the, II. 242.

Beasts, unclean, II. 158.

Beauty regained by bathing, I. 59.

Bed, flying, II. 206.

Bel and the Dragon, II. 73.

Bel tree, sacred, II. 86, 112; marriage with, II. 117.

Bela, worship of, I. 199.

Bell, rung to scare Bhûts, I. 78; use of, I. 167; worship of, I. 168.

Beohâr Bâba, worship of, I. 255.

Berâi, a cholera Mother, I. 113.

Beriya tribe, use of the broom, II. 191.

Bero, a title of the sun, I. 9.

Betel planting, II. 303; nuts scrambled for, I. 50.

Bethgelert, legend of, II. 130, 221.

Bhâdon, new moon of, I. 16.

Bhadra Kâlî, a sister of Sîtalâ, I. 129

Bhâgîratha, a saint, I. 35.

Bhagwân, a title of the sun, I. 9.

Bhâilla, worship of, I. 8.

Bhainsâsura, a demon, I. 44.

Bhainsâsuri Devî, worship of, I. 85.

Bhairava, worship of, I. 84, 108.

Bhairavî, worship of, I. 3, 108.

Bhairoba, worship of, I. 108.

Bhairon, Bhaironnâth, worship of, I. 84, 107, 109, 205, 209; II. 219.

Bhairwanand, worship of, I. 195.

Bhajang, a snake godling, I. 214.

Bhâkur, a bugaboo, II. 82.

Bhandâri tribe, repelling the Churel, I. 272.

Bhâradvaja, a totem sept, II. 149.

Bhâskarâcharya, legend of, I. 7.

Bhâtiya tribe, horse worship, II. 208.

Bhâtu tribe, respect for the crow, II. 244.

Bhekal Nâg, worship of, II. 125.

Bherunda, a Yogini, I. 129.

Bhîl tribe, worship of Amba Bhavânî, I. 113; horse worship, II. 208; charming of rain, I. 73; origin from the tiger, II. 211; rite of Satî, I. 186; Saturnalia, II. 325; tree marriage, II. 119; witchcraft, II. 261.

Bhîmgada, Bhîmlâth, pillar of Bhîmsen, I. 90, 91.

Bhîmpen, Bhîmsen, worship of, I. 66, 89, 250; II. 182; lice of, I. 58.

Bhîshma, worship of, I. 36, 92.

Bhîwâsu, worship of, I. 90.

Bhokaswa, a bugaboo, II. 82.

Bholanâth, worship of, I. 194, 280.

Bhomka, Bhopa, a village priest, I. 95, 153, 157; II. 213.

Bhotiya tribe, religious rites, I. 173; II. 65; worship of Sain, II. 81.

Bhrâwari, worship of, I. 55.

Bhuiya tribe, ancestor worship, I. 178; of Bhîmsen, I. 91; human sacrifice, II. 175; recalling the dead, I. 182; respect for the Mahua tree, II. 103; monkey worship, I. 86, 88; sun worship, I. 9.

Bhuiyâr tribe, ancestor worship, I. 178; dream ghosts, I. 233; food for the dead, II. 69; tiger worship, II. 213.

Bhujariya rite, II. 293.

Bhûkhi Mâta, worship of, I. 116.

Bhûmak, a village priest, I. 90.

Bhûmij tribe, buffalo hunt, I. 173; funeral feast, II. 71.

Bhûmîsvara Mahâdeva, worship of, I. 107.

Bhûmîsvari Devî, worship of, I. 107.

Bhûmiya, worship of, I. 12, 74, 95, 105.

Bhûmiya Rânî, worship of, I. 105.

Bhûra Sinh, worship of, II. 132.

Bhusundi, the crow, II. 244.

Bhût, a malignant ghost, I. 234; food of, I. 236; places infested by, I. 277; posture of, I. 237; speech of, I. 238; tests of, I. 237; treasure guarded by, I. 286; varieties of, I. 242; worship of, I. 94.

Bhût Bhairon, worship of, I. 109.

Bhûtîsvara, a title of Siva, I. 234.

Bibi Kamâlo, a saint, I. 218, 221.

Bîbi Râê, worship of, I. 209.

Bijaliya Bîr, a lightning godling, I. 235.

Biljaysen, worship of, I. 137.

Bijlesvari Devî, a goddess of lightning, I. 224.

Bind tribe, worship of Kâsi Bâba, I. 145.

Binjhiya tribe, totemism, II. 158.

Bîr, a ghost, I. 178, 253; a companion of the witch, II. 266.

Birch, a sacred tree, II. 86, 114.

Bird, marriage to, I. 236; II. 119; omens from, II. 48.

Birhor tribe, respect for the bamboo, II. 113; cannibalism, II. 168; funeral rites, II. 56; tattooing, II. 31.

Bîrnâth, worship of, II. 182.

Birth rites, I. 277; fiends, I. 264.

Biruri Panchami feast, the, II. 137.

Birwat, a demon, I. 62.

Biscobra, the, II. 140.

Black Art, the, II. 259 sqq.

Black colour, dreaded by evil spirits, I. 142;II. 3, 28, 50.

Blacksmith, respect for the, I. 74; II. 14, 24; saint of, I. 203.

Blight, averting of, II. 301.

Blind of an eye, I. 77; II. 3.

Blockberg, a haunt of witches, I. 61.

Blood, bath of, II. 173; clouds dispersed by, I. 80; covenant, II. 29, 46; drawn from a victim by a witch, II. 169; drawn from a witch, II. 282; human, powers of, I. 80; II. 172; pollution by, I. 269; a protective, II. 19; survival of sacrifice of, I. 51; taboo of, I. 27.

Bloody Hand of Ulster, II. 39.

Blot intentional, a protective, II. 3, 10.

Boar, a totem, II. 156.

Boat, launched in honour of Khwâja Khizr, I. 47; flying, II. 206.

Bodhi tree, the, II. 98.

Body, functions of, omens from, II. 51.

Boils, cured at a shrine, I. 221; at a tank, I. 59.

Bolster, the giant, I. 91.

Bona Dea, the, I. 69.

Borâm, a title of the sun, I. 9; identified with the monkey godling, I. 86; worship of, I. 86.

Bottles tied to trees, I. 162.

Boundaries guarded by the sainted dead, I. 182.

Boys dressed as girls, II. 6.

Bracelet, the, a protective, II. 43, 44.

Brahm, a Brâhman ghost, I. 192.

Brahm Kapâl, the, II. 180.

Brahma, worship of, I. 2; vehicle of, II. 156; temple of, I. 54; skull of, I. 94; slipper of, II. 200.

Brahmadaitya, the, I. 243; II. 77.

Brahmagranthi, the, II. 47.

Brahmaparusha, the, II. 78.

Brahmarakshasa, the, I. 253; II. 78.

Brahmarandhra, the, I. 238.

Brâhman, ghosts of, I. 253; II. 77; a god, I. 189; use of sacred grass, II. 30; suicide of, I. 193.

Brahmâni, worship of, I. 112.

Brâhmani duck, the, II. 247.

Brâhmanical cord, the, II. 47.

Brahmi, a mother, I. 112.

Brass, a protective, II. 15; worship of, II. 12.

Bride, false. II. 8; grain thrown over the, II. 26.

Bridegroom revolving round the sacred fire, I. 11; deified, I. 119; capture of, I. 121.

Bridle, magic, II. 206.

Briid, II. 73.

Broado Koro, the, II. 86.

Brocken, the, an abode of witches, I. 64.

Broom, a fetish, I. 81, 133; II. 190.

Brownie, II. 77.

Bruce, legend of, I. 283.

Buahna, a Pîr, I. 205.

Bu ’Ali Qalandar, a saint, I. 218.

Buccas, the, I. 285.

Bucephalus, II. 205.

Buddha, begging bowl of, II. 38; connected with the hare, II. 50; footprint of, II. 199; relics of, causing rain, I. 75; shadow of, I. 233; sneezing superstition, I. 240; snake descent of, II. 124; producing a well, I. 52.

Buddhists, food for the dead, II. 69; worship of Indra, I. 66; moon worship, I. 18; horse worship, II. 208.

Buddhua, a kindly ghost, II. 81.

Buffalo, respect for, II. 236; sacrificed, I. 173; vehicle of Yama, I. 169; II. 236.

Bugaboos, II. 82.

Buildings, human sacrifices at, II. 173.

Bull, released at a death. I. 105; hide of, II. 232; worship of, II. 226.

Bundela, a title of Hardaul, I. 140.

Bûndi, Râja of. I. 257.

Bunker’s Hill, ghosts at, I. 259.

Bûrha Deo, human sacrifice in honour of, II. 170.

Bûrhê Bâba, a Pîr, I. 206.

Burhiya Mâî, a Mother, II. 181.

Burial during epidemics, I. 136; face downwards, II. 60; grounds infested by Bhûts, I. 277; of the nude corpse, I. 68; in trees, II. 103.

Burmiya, a birth fiend, I. 265.

Bûrna, a water demon, I. 45.

Butchers, saint of, I. 204.

Butterfly, a Life Index, II. 71.

C.

Caduceus, the, II. 178.

Cairn, the, I. 39; II. 61, 198.

Camel, bones of, II. 36.

Canal, ancient traditions of, I. 37.

Cannibal Râkshasa, the, I. 247, 253; II. 168.

Cannibalism, II. 168.

Canopus, the constellation, I. 25.

Cap of invisibility, the, II. 43.

Car flying, the, II. 205.

Caste saints, I. 203.

Castigation, I. 99 sq.

Castor oil plant, a protective, II. 20, 275.

Cat, the, II. 241; metamorphosed into a girl, I. 93; companion of a witch, II. 270.

Cat’s-eye stone, the, II. 17.

Cattle disease charms, I. 71, 160, 166; disease demon, I. 144; festivals, II. 297; superstitions regarding, II. 236.

Cauff riddling, II. 189.

Cauld Lad of Hilton, the, II. 77.

Cave deities, I. 283; refuge of ascetics, I. 285; spirits, I. 282; burial in, I. 283.

Celts, magical powers of, I. 97.

Cemeteries, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 278, 280.

Chain, sacred, I. 99.

Chakma tribe, sacrificial rites, II. 46; funeral ceremonies, II. 71.

Chakratîratha, a sacred lake, I. 58.

Chakravyûha fort, the, I. 116.

Chalauwa, the, I. 164.

Châmar, worship of, I. 129.

Chamariyâ, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 129.

Chamâr tribe, branding of, I. 170; burial customs, I. 168; worship of Madain, II. 125; worship of the Pîr, I. 206; tattooing, II. 32; totemism, II. 158.

Chambal river, legend of, I. 39.

Chambasâpa, worship of, I. 183.

Chambhâr tribe, burial rites, I. 30.

Champarâm, worship of, II. 182.

Châmundâ, worship of, I. 112; II. 168.

Chance, element of, in superstition, I. 104.

Chândali, worship of, I. 95.

Chandanhâr, an amulet, II. 44.

Chandikâ, worship of, I. 3, 112; II. 168.

Chando Omal, the Moon deity, I. 10.

Chan Hâji, a saint, I. 287.

Chandra, the Moon godling, I. 12.

Chandrabansi Râjput sept, totemism, II. 150.

Chandragupta, descent from the bull, II. 153.

Châng rite, the, II. 309.

Changelings, I. 265.

Chânwand, worship of, I. 106.

Charact, the, II. 41.

Châran tribe, burial rites, II. 60; women, worship of, I. 112.

Charanamrita, the, I. 242.

Charan Dâs, a saint, I. 184.

Charcoal, a protective, II. 10, 245; omens from, II. 50.

Charms recited backwards, II. 276; used in exorcism, I. 159.

Chauk Chanda festival, I. 17.

Chaumu, worship of, II. 81.

Chaunda Gusâîn, worship of, II. 113.

Chero tribe, sacred groves, II. 90; snake descent, II. 154; totemism, II. 154.

Chajju-panthi sect, the, I. 184.

Chatthi, a birth fiend, I. 265.

Chhîpi caste, worship of Nâmdeo, I. 204.

Chik tribe, totemism, II. 159.

Children, exposed to attacks of Bhûts, I. 235; named after ancestors, I. 179; offered to the Ganges, II. 169; protective godlings of, I. 137; regarded as Bhûts, I. 260; vowed to Sakhi Sarwar, I. 209.

Chiliânwâla, ghosts at, I. 259.

Chindiya Deo, worship of, I. 162.

Chîr tree, the, II. 319.

Chishtiya Faqîrs, I. 215.

Chithariya, Chithraiya, Bhawâni, worship of, I. 161.

Chitpâwan tribe, birth rites, I. 277; marriage rites, II. 47.

Cholera, caused by witchcraft, I. 143; demon of, expelled, I. 141; charm against, I. 141.

Chondra tribe, use of vessels, II. 75.

Chondu, the itch godling, I. 136.

Chordeva, the field sprite, II. 79.

Chordevan, a birth fiend, I. 264.

Chordevî, a field sprite, II. 79.

Churel, the, I. 269; modes of repelling, I. 272; image of, painted on houses, II. 10.

Churn used in hail charming, I. 80.

Chyavana, legend of, I. 59.

Circe, wand of, II. 178.

Circle, magic, I. 103, 142; II. 41.

City overturned, I. 217; selection of site, II. 50.

Clay flung to disperse the whirlwind, I. 81.

Cloak of invisibility, the, II. 43.

Clod festival, the, I. 16.

Clothes burnt with the corpse, II. 68; filthy, put on children, II. 6.

Cloutie’s Croft, I. 278; II. 92.

Cloves, used in ceremonies, I. 152; II. 40.

Cock, sacrifice of, I. 20, 284.

Cocoanut symbolizing a victim, I. 46, 148, 227, 238; II. 106.

Colours, protective, II. 28.

Coluinn gun Cheann, I. 256.

Conception by a ghost, I. 118.

Conch shell, the, I. 80; II. 16.

Concord, ghosts at, I. 259.

Confectioners, protection from the Evil Eye, II. 10.

Copper, a protective, II. 15.

Coral, a protective, II. 16.

Cord, knotted, II. 43; magic, II. 46.

Corn Mother, the, I. 117; II. 157; sieve, a fetish, I. 152; II. 187.

Coronation stone, the, II. 179.

Corpse, carried out by a special way, II. 56; articles left with, II. 68; disinterring of, II. 65; parading of, II. 62; protection of, II. 65; river springing from, I. 41; saluting, II. 56; spectres, I. 243; tying of, I. 273.

Cots, hung on shrines, I. 97.

Cotton printers, saint of, I. 204; tree, respect for, II. 103; planting of, II. 305.

Counting, I. 274

Couvade, the, I. 113, 270, 274.

Covetousness, a cause of fascination, II. 3.

Cow, worship of, II. 226; dung, virtue of, I. 180; II. 28; killing of, I. 127; II. 227, 235; respect paid to, II. 232; sacrifice of, II. 64, 226; shed, a temple, II. 232; tail of, II. 233; a totem, II. 228.

Cowry, a protective, II. 17.

Crawling under a stone, I. 227; II. 165.

Creeling, rite of, II. 190.

Criminal executed, influence over barrenness, I. 226.

Cross roads, I. 77, 78, 165.

Crow, the, I. 166; II. 243; omens from, II. 48, 245.

Crown worn by the bridegroom, I. 239.

Crying the Neck, II. 307.

Cup marks, I. 235.

Curiosity taboo, the, I. 121, 238; II. 57, 128.

Currier’s stone, the, II. 34.

Cybele Rhœa, I. 117.

Cyclopes, the, I. 2; II. 37.

Cypress tree, the, II. 91.

D.

Dâbh grass, sacred, I. 160.

Dadhicha, II. 205.

Dadhikra, II. 204.

Dadhyanch, II. 205.

Dâdu, a saint, I. 184.

Dæmon, the, I. 234.

Dafâli caste, priests of the Pîr, I. 206.

Daharchandi posts, the, I. 101.

Daitra Bîr, I. 255.

Daitya, the, I. 255.

Daitya ka Hâr, the, I. 256.

Dâkinî, the, I. 94.

Daksha, legend of, I. 12.

Dalbhyeswara, a weather godling, I. 66.

Dalhâm, the, I. 267.

Dânapurwâla Sâhib, the, II. 179.

Dance, sacred, I. 154; II. 95.

Dando, a ghost, I. 262.

Dâng Diwâlî feast, the, II. 297.

Dano, the, I. 233, 253, 284.

Dantadhâvana, the, II. 89.

Dântan Deo, worship of, I. 119.

Darbha grass, sacred, I. 273; II. 29.

Darha, worship of, II. 113, 192.

Darrapât Deo, a hill godling, I. 62.

Dasaratha, legend of, I. 228.

Dast-i-ghâib, the, I. 214.

Dattâtreya, a saint, I. 196; II. 220.

Days, lucky and unlucky, II. 52.

Dead, offerings to, II. 68; road of the, II. 55.

Death summons, the, I. 256; well of, II. 215.

Deazil, rite of, I. 11.

Debt, removed at a tank, I. 59.

Deerhurst, dragon of, II. 130.

Demeter, worship of, I. 26, 117.

Deo, the, I. 253.

Deohâr, a shrine, I. 97; II. 164.

Deorâsan, a demon, I. 62.

Deota, the, I. 3.

Deothân feast, the, II. 300.

Desauli feast, the, II. 325.

Deserts, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 278.

Deva, the, I. 3.

Devadekhni, the, I. 84.

Devak, the, II. 155.

Devaki, daughter of, I. 94.

Devasena, a Mother, I. 112.

Devî, worship of, I. 62, 84, 125, 236.

Devî Dâî, worship of, I. 32.

Devil, clubfooted, I. 280.

Devil’s Punch Bowl, the, I. 54.

Dhâk, a sacred tree, II. 111.

Dhâman snake, the, II. 141.

Dhanchirya bird, the, II. 249.

Dhângar tribe, barring the ghost, II. 58; worship of Râhu, I. 19; totemism, II. 150.

Dhânuk tribe, ghost worship, I. 198.

Dhanwantara, legend of, I. 196; II. 285.

Dharitrî, worship of, I. 26.

Dharkâr tribe, hill worship, I. 62.

Dharmasila, a sacred hill, I. 64.

Dharmdevata, a title of the sun, I. 9.

Dharmi, a title of the sun, I. 10.

Dhartî Mâta, worship of, I. 26, 32.

Dhela Chauth Mela, the, I. 16.

Dhenuâr tribe, totemism, II. 159.

Dhenuka, a demon, II. 208.

Dhor tribe, marriage rites, II. 47.

Dhriti, a Mother, I. 112.

Dhruva, legend of, I. 24.

Diamond, legend of, II. 18.

Diarmid, legend of, II. 154.

Dichali, godling of death, I. 136.

Dih, worship of, I. 95.

Dill, a protective, II. 25.

Direction of village shrines, I. 96.

Dirty places, haunts of Bhûts, I. 293.

Disease, charms, I. 159; cured by fetish stones, II. 182; cured by the nudity charm, I. 70, 72; demoniacal theory of, I. 123; exorcism of, I. 146; godlings of, I. 123; scapegoats, I. 169; transference of, I. 164, 290.

Distillers, worship of, I. 183.

Diuli ceremony, the, I. 165.

Diwâlî festival, the, II. 295; water drawn at, I. 50; return of spirits at, II. 74, 296.

Dnyândeva, worship of, I. 196.

Dog, connected with Bhairon, I. 108, 160; II. 219; bite, charm for, I. 151; a destroyer of corpses, II. 219; respect paid to grave of, II. 220; fairy, I. 243; associated with spirits, II. 222; tongue of, II. 223; tortured to stop rain, I. 77; wild, II. 223; worship of, II. 218.

Dokarkaswa, a bugaboo, II. 82.

Dokhutiya, the, II. 174.

Doll producing water, I. 50.

Dom tribe, respect for iron, II. 12; for the Nîm tree, II. 106; worship of Gandak, I. 197.

Domunha snake, the, II. 137.

Dove, the, II. 246.

Drac, a water demon, I. 44.

Dragon, the, II. 158; cave of, II. 130 sq.; sacred, II. 129.

Drake, Sir F., I. 256.

Draupadî, worship of, I. 94, 199.

Dreams, savage theory of, I. 231.

Drona Achârya, worship of, I. 196.

Drowned people, ghosts of, I. 45.

Drowning people, prejudice against saving, I. 46.

Drum, beaten at shrines, I. 95, 99; sacred, I. 28, 108.

Dûb grass, sacred, I. 49; II. 29, 45.

Duck, used in disease transference, I. 165.

Dûdha Mâî, worship of, II. 181.

Dûlha Deo, worship of, I. 75, 119, 292; II. 312.

Dûnd, the headless horseman, I. 256.

Dundhas, a Râkshasî, II. 313.

Dundubhi, a buffalo demon, II. 237.

Dung, offensive to Bhûts, II. 36.

Dûngar Deo, worship of, I. 61, 103.

Durgâ Devî, vehicle of, II. 156; worship of, I. 3, 94; II. 108.

Durgâ Kâlî, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 129.

Durgâgiya Deota, II. 322.

Dûrva grass, sacred, II. 29.

Dusâdh tribe, worship of Gauraiya, I. 197; of Râhu, I. 19; of Salhes, I. 197.

Dust, mystic power of, I. 28.

Dwâra Gusâîn, worship of, I. 104.

Dwârapâla, a guardian deity, I. 84.

Dyaus, worship of, I. 5, 36.

Dyers, saint of, I. 203.

Dying man laid on the ground, I. 27; II. 55.

E.

Eagle, feathers of, II. 215.

Ear, a spirit entry, I. 242.

Earth, dying person laid on, II. 55; flung into the grave, I. 30; a household goddess, I. 29; a remedy for disease, I. 28; sleep of, II. 293; worship of, I. 26; worship of, a rain charm, I. 72.

Earthen vessels broken at death and eclipses, I. 21; II. 74.

Earthquakes, I. 35.

Eating food from the hand of a corpse, I. 171; in secret, I. 293.

Eclipses, I. 18; observances at, I. 21; protection of cattle at, II. 234.

Eel, the, II. 255.

Egg, belief regarding, I. 104; II. 13.

Eilythyia, I. 115.

Ekka, a totem sept, II. 151.

Elder tree, respect for, II. 107.

Eldest son, a family priest, I. 177, 180.

Elephant, the, II. 238; in folk-lore, II. 240; footsteps of, I. 28; connected with Ganesa, II. 239; hair of, II. 240; selecting a king, II. 240; white, II. 240.

Elflocks, I. 107.

Elisha, the prophet, I. 48; staff of, II. 178.

Elisoeus, a saint, I. 48.

Ellekone, the, I. 255.

Elsie Venner, II. 126.

Elves, the, II. 76.

Embalming corpses, II. 65.

Emerald, a sacred stone, II. 17.

Emigration, due to displeasure of the local deities, I. 101.

Eorosh, the, II. 158.

Epilepsy, charms for, II. 45.

Equilateral triangle, the, II. 39.

Erinyes, the, I. 126.

Eumenides, the, I. 126.

Euphemistic names of animals, II. 54, 142; of deities, I. 126.

Europeans, ghosts of, I. 228; tombs of, II. 199; power over ghosts, II. 9; figure of, painted on houses, II. 10.

Evergreen trees, II. 85.

Evil Eye, the, II. 1 sqq.; causing cholera, I. 143; influencing rain, I. 78; charms to avert, I. 160; theories regarding, II. 2; persons naturally protected from, II. 36.

Exogamy, II. 148.

Exorcism, of disease, I. 146; instruction in, I. 147; of snake-bite, II. 140.

Eyes, offering of, I. 209; throbbing of, II. 52.

F.

Face, covering the, II. 47.

Fairy, gifts, I. 287; changelings, I. 265; lake of gifts, I. 55; in the court of Indra, I. 66; haunting mountains, I. 61; guarding treasures, I. 249; successors of a pigmy race, II. 12.

False Bride, the, II. 8.

Family fetishes, II. 184.

Famine, exorcism of, I. 116; goddess of, I. 116.

Fan, a fetish, I. 133; II. 27, 187.

Faqîr, causing rain, I. 50.

Fat, human, II. 176; of the eel, II. 255.

Fâtima, a Pîr, I. 202; worship of, I. 111.

Faun, the, I. 264.

Fazl-ul-haqq, I. 222.

Feast, the funeral, II. 65.

Feathers, a protective, II. 9.

Fee! Fo! Fum! I. 246.

Feet, turned backward, I. 238, 262, 270; II. 79; flat, I. 242; a spirit entry, I. 241; washing of, I. 31, 241.

Female line, descent in, I. 70, 111; II. 46.

Fenodyree, the, II. 77.

Festum Stultorum, the, II. 321.

Fetish, defined, II. 159; stones, II. 179; stones an abode of spirits, II. 183; stones curing disease, II. 183.

Fever, caused by the snake godlings, I. 136; II. 132; charms, I. 239; II. 45.

Fidelity tests, II. 162, 240.

Field sprites, II. 307.

Fig tree, respect for, II. 97.

Filthy places, haunts of Bhûts, I. 293.

Fir tree, respect for, II. 86.

Fire, drill, the, II. 194; fetish, the, II. 192; walking through, I. 19; II. 317; ordeal, I. 52; refusal to give from the house hearth, II. 289; a scarer of Bhûts, II. 59; worship of, I. 265; II. 193; worship of Rahu, I. 19.

First-fruits, II. 307.

Firstborn son, I. 35.

Fish in folk-lore, II. 254; food of Bhûts, I. 243; sacred, II. 253; a vehicle, I. 47; II. 156.

Flagellation, I. 99, 155; II. 34.

Flags, use of, II. 24.

Flesh, human, powers of, II. 171.

Flies. II. 257; dispelled by a saint, I. 218; abode of the ghost, II. 257.

Floods and drowning people, I. 46; propitiation of, I. 46.

Flour mill, a fetish, I. 135.

Flowers, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 291.

Fly, a Life Index, II. 71.

Flying Dutchman, the, I. 44.

Food, of Bhûts, I. 236; for the dead, II. 67; at eclipses, I. 21; protected from the Evil Eye, I. 11; from Râkshasas, I. 248; connected with totemism, II. 158; of spirit land, I. 271; II. 68; vases, II. 74.

Foot presentation, persons born by, II. 36.

Footsteps, witchcraft through, II. 280.

Forespeaking, II. 4.

Forest, remnant of, II. 90.

Forge, water of, II. 25.

Forty-nine, a mystic number, II. 51.

Fowl, the, II. 245; offering of, I. 103; let loose, I. 169.

Fraud in exorcism, I. 159.

Freemasons, II. 179.

Frog, the, II. 255; used in rain-charming, I. 73.

Fruit which makes an old man young, II. 89; a spirit scarer, II. 36.

Funeral, feast, the, II. 65; in effigy, II. 75, 114; use of Nîm leaves at, II. 105. See Burial.

G.

Gabriel’s Hounds, I. 245.

Gâê Jâtra, the, II. 233.

Gâikwârs, ancestor worship, I. 181.

Gaja Mukta, the, II. 240.

Gâlava, legend of, II. 204.

Gallows, superstition regarding, I. 226.

Gambling in folk-tales, II. 160.

Ganapati, worship of, I. 90, 95.

Gandak, worship of, I. 197.

Gândharî, legend of, I. 127.

Ganesa, worship of, I. 110, 160; connected with the elephant, II. 239; legend of, I. 13; vehicle of, II. 156; worship of, I. 49, 84.

Ganga Jâtra, the, II. 169.

Gangânâth, worship of, I. 194.

Ganges, worship of, I. 35.

Ganor, queen of, I. 195.

Gansâm, worship of, I. 117.

Gantarâm, worship of, II. 182.

Gânwdevata, a village godling, I. 96; II. 164.

Ganymede, I. 119.

Gardener, a priest of Sîtalâ, I. 131.

Gârdevî, a river spirit, I. 43.

Garha Era, worship of, I. 45.

Garland, a protective, II. 36.

Garlic, a protective, II. 35.

Garo tribe, bridegroom capture, I. 121; theory of disease, I. 124; worship of the bamboo, II. 113.

Garuda, II. 138, 158, 165, 248.

Gâû Mâta, worship of, II. 233.

Gauhar Shâh, a saint, I. 189.

Gaur Râjput sept, ghost of, I. 253.

Gauraiya, worship of, I. 197.

Gaurî, worship of, I. 49, 112; II. 157.

Gaurochana, II. 228.

Gaurua, the, II. 42.

Gautam Râjput sept, sword worship, II. 185.

Gautama, legend of, I. 13; well of, I. 52.

Gayâl, the, I. 234.

Gâyatrî, the, I. 8; II. 232.

Gendâ Bîr, worship of, I. 254.

Gettysburg, ghosts at, I. 259.

Getuli, the, I. 285.

Ghaddâr, the, I. 267.

Ghadsi tribe, legend of the sandal, II. 114.

Ghâgarapen, worship of, I. 168.

Ghanta Karana, worship of, I. 84, 137.

Ghasiya tribe, ancestor worship, I. 176; barring the ghost, II. 59; worship of Dulha Deo, I. 120; earth worship, I. 32; moon legend, I. 21; tattooing, II. 32.

Ghataut, the, I. 115.

Ghatotkacha, worship of, I. 94.

Ghaus-ul-Azam, the saint, I. 216.

Ghâzi Miyân, a saint, I. 203 sqq.; marriage of, II. 324.

Ghâziya, worship of, I. 217.

Ghentu, the itch godling, I. 136.

Ghergis, I. 48.

Ghi, a protective, II. 28.

Ghisâdi tribe, respect for dogs, II. 220.

Ghoghar, a bugaboo, II. 82.

Ghoradeva, worship of, II. 208.

Ghost, barring of, II. 55; departure facilitated, II. 55; detection of, by the Ojha, I. 152; friendly, II. 76; dread of the foam of the horse, II. 207; power of lengthening themselves, II. 75; of murdered persons, I. 234; occupying the body during a dream, I. 232; recalling, II. 72; resting-place for, II. 58; of trees, II. 77; fear of running water, II. 72.

Ghostly Army, the, I. 258.

Ghoul, the, I. 267.

Ghraukâ Devî, worship of, I. 133.

Ghûl, the, I. 267.

Gideon, fleece of, I. 49.

Gira, the, I. 270.

Glashan, the, II. 77.

Glass, a spirit scarer, II. 35.

Goat, blood of, offered, I. 98; dung used in charming rain and hail, I. 77, 80; offered to Nanda Devî, I. 173; habit of shaking or shivering, I. 263; II. 224; connected with totemism, II. 225.

God, marriage to a, I. 109; II. 118.

Godâm, rite, I. 132.

Godiva, legend of, I. 68; II. 47.

Godling, identification of, I. 100; local, I. 94; pure and impure, I. 4.

Goea, I. 26.

Goghar kâ Dhâr, a sacred hill, I. 64.

Gohem, a cholera godling, I. 136.

Gold, house of, I. 39; producing animals, II. 134; a protective, II. 15.

Gond tribe, ancestor worship, I. 178; worship of Bhîmsen, I. 66, 90; expulsion of cholera, I. 144; cow-killing, II. 234; respect for the dog, II. 221; worship of Dulha Deo, I. 119; procedure in cases of fascination, II. 37; worship of Gansâm, I. 118, 172; worship of Ghâgarapen, I. 168; horse worship, II. 208; human sacrifice, II. 170, 176; their progenitor Lingo, I. 284; identification of local godlings, I. 101; marriage rites, I. 239; river demons, worship of, I. 43; saturnalia, II. 324; tiger worship, I. 268; tree burial, II. 103.

Goose, the, II. 247; used in disease transference, I. 165; vehicle of Brahma, II. 156.

Gopâla, worship of, II. 229.

Gorakhnâth, the saint, I. 91, 212; II. 129.

Gor Bâba, a godling. I. 84.

Goreswara, a title of Siva, I. 84.

Goril, a godling, I. 156.

Govardhan, Brâhmans, birth rites, II. 105; ceremony, II. 296; hill of, II. 180.

Govinda, worship of, II. 229.

Grace giving, II. 11.

Grahadhâra, a name of the Pole Star, I. 25.

Grain, a protective, II. 26; sprinkledover a bride, II. 26; measurement of, II. 311.

Grâmadevatâ, the village godling, I. 94, 96; II. 163.

Grass, a protective, I. 22; II. 29; ring of, II. 43.

Grasshopper, the, II. 256.

Grease, hateful to fairies, I. 243.

Great Bear, the, I. 24.

Griffin, the, II. 158.

Grindstone, a fetish, II. 166.

Ground, sleeping on the, I. 237.

Grove, planting of, a religious duty, II. 86; sacred, II. 90.

Gudeman’s Croft, I. 278; II. 92.

Gûga, worship of, I. 206, 211; II. 122; mare of, I. 212; II. 206; connected with snake worship, I. 212.

Gûjar tribe, use of amulets, II. 40; cow worship, II. 233; patron saint of, I. 210.

Gûlar, a sacred tree, II. 99; wood used in laying spirits, I. 102.

Gun-firing at childbirth, I. 169; to scare the cholera demon, I. 141.

Gurang Mâpa, a Râkshasa, I. 250.

Gurda, the sacred chain, I. 99, 155.

Gurtûtna rite, the, II. 324.

Gurui festival, the, II. 139.

Gururu, the, II. 42.

Gusâîn sect, disposal of the dead, I. 185.

Gwydion, legend of, I. 26.

Gyges, tale of, II. 43.

Gypsies, notorious for witchcraft, II. 261; descended from the sun and moon, II. 150; respect for the fir tree, II. 86.

H.

Hadakâî, worship of, I. 113.

Hadal, a Daitya, I. 255.

Hail, I. 78; scaring the demon of, I. 79; persons who control, I. 80; cutting hailstones, I. 79.

Hair, cutting, II. 66; a deus ex machinâ, II. 67; of the elephant’s tail, II. 240; growing as a form of curse, I. 239; II. 67; bride’s hair parting marked with red, II. 173; respect for, II. 66; scraper, a fetish, II. 186; a spirit entry, I. 107; used in witchcraft; I. 280; II. 277.

Hajar-ul-Aswad, the, II. 180.

Halâlkhor tribe, burial rites, I. 30.

Halkhyo rite, II. 291.

Hand, of Glory, the, I. 261; II. 177, 245; clapping, I. 168, 241; laying on of hands, I. 242; the hidden, I. 214; a spirit entry, I. 241; spread, II. 39.

Hangman’s rope, the, I. 226.

Hansa, the, II. 247.

Hanumân, invoked in spells, I. 150; a village godling, I. 87; emblem of virile power, I. 87; fetish worship of, II. 181; worship of, I. 85; worshipped by wrestlers, I. 87.

Harbu, a Pîr, I. 206.

Harda, Hardaul Lâla, Hardaur Lâla, Hardiha, Hardiya, worship of, I. 138 sq.

Hare, the, II. 243; bone of, II. 45; euphemism, II. 54; in the moon, I. 13; II. 50; omens from, II. 48, 50; sites selected by, II. 50.

Hari tribe, marriage rites, II. 46.

Hari Sinh, worship of, II. 132.

Hariyâri Pûjâ, the rite of, I. 32.

Harrow used in charming away rain, I. 77.

Harshu Pânrê, worship of, I. 191.

Hasan, a Pîr, I. 202.

Hat, the wishing, I. 214.

Hatâdiya, a sacred bull, II. 235.

Hathîlê, worship of, I. 205.

Hatthî, a cholera goddess, I. 146.

Havva, an evil spirit, I. 115; II. 82.

Hawthorn tree, respect for, II. 86.

Hayagrîva, Hayasiras, Hayasîrsha, horse worship of Vishnu, II. 205 sq.

Hazrat Dâûd, a saint, I. 203.

Hazrat Pîr Zari, a saint, I. 217.

Head, of victim, I. 96; a spirit entry, I. 158, 238.

Headache, charm to remove, I. 151.

Headless horseman, the, I. 217, 256.

Headman worshipped, I. 178.

Healer developing into a god, I. 147.

Hearth, respect for, I. 292.

Hedali, a Daitya, I. 255.

Heir identified by a snake, II. 142.

Helios, worship of, I. 5.

Hemâdpant, a Râkshasa, I. 251.

Hephaestus, I. 280.

Heroic godlings, I. 83 sqq.

Hill demons, I. 263.

Himâlaya, worship of, I. 60; home of the sainted dead, I. 60.

Himavat, father of Ganga, I. 36, 61.

Hind, the, in folk-lore, II. 238.

Hiranya-kasipu, legend of, II. 313.

Hiriya Deva, worship of, I. 168.

Ho tribe, barring the ghost, II. 62; clothes for the dead, II. 68; the Desauli rite, II. 325; objection to using cow’s milk, II. 236; recalling the ghost, II. 72; tattooing customs, II. 31; oath by the tiger, II. 213.

Hog, sacrifice of, I. 126, 137, 197, 200; II. 58.

Holî, the feast, origin of, II. 313; in Braj, II. 315; indecency at, I. 68; in Mârwâr, II. 318; lighting the fire, II. 316.

Holikâ, legend of, I. 146; II. 313.

Homa, the fire sacrifice, I. 20.

Home for the ghost, II. 61.

Hoopoe, the, II. 249.

Horkâ Mâî, worship of, I. 146.

Horn, a spirit scarer, II. 36, 225; fixed on shrines, II. 225; on trees, I. 23.

Horse, a scarer of demons, II. 207; flying, II. 206; eating flesh of, II. 207; lucky, II. 207; protected from the Evil Eye, II. 17; sacrificed to propitiate floods, I. 46; shoe, a protective, II. 14; winged, II. 207; worship of, II. 204, 208.

Hot springs, I. 53.

House, empty, ghosts of, I. 291; haunted, I. 291; protected from the Evil Eye, I. 160.

Hulkâ Devî, a cholera goddess, I. 146.

Human, brains, eating of, I. 247; sacrifice among the Indo-Aryans, II. 167; at erection of buildings, II. 173; connected with small-pox worship, I. 130; modifications of, I. 146; II. 175; survivals of, I. 79, 91, 169; II. 173, 320.

Humanas, the, II. 82.

Humayûn, ghost of, II. 82.

Humma, a ghost, II. 82.

Hunting the wren, I. 172.

Huntsmen, ghosts of, I. 261.

Husain, a Pîr, I. 202.

Husain Bhagat, I. 204.

Hut-burning, a cure for barrenness, I. 226.

Hydra, the, I. 44.

Hydrophobia, cures for, I. 51, 151, 222.

Hylas, I. 119.

I.

Iblîs, I. 266; and the ass, II. 209.

Ides, a day of rest for cattle, II. 234.

Ifrît, the, I. 266.

Ignes fatui, II. 198.

Ikshvâku, a legend of, II. 153.

Ilâ, legend of, II. 7.

Ilha, a totem sept, II. 150.

Ilisha, a saint, I. 47.

’Ilm Bakhsh, a wonder-working tomb, I. 222.

Images, witchcraft by means of, II. 278.

Imâm Husain, army of, I. 259.

Imâm Raza, invocation of, I. 161.

Imlî ghotna rite, II. 109.

Implement fetishes, II. 185.

Incense, a protective, II. 21.

Incest, I. 36.

Incubi, the, I. 238, 264.

Indecency a scarer of Bhûts, I. 68; II. 320.

Indigestion, godling of, I. 136.

Indra, ass of, II. 208; a weather godling, I. 66, 77; worship of, I. 2, 73; II. 229.

Indradyumna, legend of, I. 286.

Indrâni, a Mother, I. 112.

Infanticide, I. 172.

Influenza, caused by a Mother, I. 113; charm to remove, I. 166.

Initiation at puberty, I. 242; II. 147.

Insects, folk-lore of, II. 256.

Insult, a form of penance, I. 16.

Iron, the philosopher’s stone, II. 15; pillar at Delhi, II. 132; a scarer of Bhûts, II. 11.

Ismâîl Jogi, invocation of, I. 79, 151, 160.

Itch, godling of, I. 125, 136.

J.

Jack of the Beanstalk, II. 85.

Jackal, the, II. 243; horn of, II. 40; of Malâmat Shâh, I. 219; wedding of, I. 292.

Jagadambâ Devî, worship of, I. 85.

Jagrâni, a title of Sîtalâ, I. 126.

Jahnu, a saint, I. 36.

Jaina sect, birth rites, I. 277; mourning customs, I. 29; worship of Bhairava, I. 108; worship of saints, I. 183.

Jaisar Pîr, a saint, I. 222.

Jaitwa tribe, totemism, II. 153.

Jâk, a field sprite, II. 79, 91.

Jakhâî, worship of, I. 269.

Jaknî, a field sprite, II. 79.

Jaladurgâ, worship of, I. 95.

Jâmbavat, the bear king, II. 242.

Janamejâya, worship of, II. 139.

Jand tree, the, II. 101.

Jandi Pûjâ, the, I. 136.

Janeû, the sacred cord, II. 47.

Jann, the, I. 266.

Janwâr Râjput sept, totemism, II. 153.

Jara, a Râkshasî, II. 248.

Jarasandha, legend of, I. 248, 252.

Jât tribe, cow worship, II. 233; patron saint, I. 210; worship of Kâlu Mahar, I. 107; worship of Farîd, I. 215; worship of Tejajî, I. 213; weather incantations, I. 67.

Jata Rohini, a river demon, I. 43.

Jathera, the village godlings, I. 107.

Jaur Sinh, worship of, II. 133.

Javâdiyâ, the mare of Gûga, I. 212.

Jawâra rite, the, II. 293.

Jay, feathers of, II. 9; omens from, II. 48.

Jaya, a Mother, I. 112; a Yogini, I. 129.

Jayi, festival, II. 96, 293.

Jewar Sinh, worship of, II. 133.

Jewelry, use of, II. 15.

Jhâd, the, II. 78.

Jhambajî, worship of, I. 184.

Jhînwar tribe, worship of Sakhi Sarwar, I. 210.

Jhunukî, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Jigar Khor, the liver eater, II. 262.

Jilaiya, a birth fiend, I. 264.

Jinn, the, I. 265 sq.; blood of, II. 172.

Jirâyâ Bhawâni, worship of, II. 163.

Jivkhâda, the, II. 61.

Jnânavâpi well, the, I. 52.

Job, tomb of, I. 224.

Jogi sect, worship of Bhairon, I. 109; respect for the Nîm tree, II. 105.

Johilâ river, legend of, I. 39.

Jokhâî, I. 269.

Jokhaiya, worship of, I. 199, 206.

Jonah, II. 254.

Journey forbidden during small-pox, I. 134.

Juâng tribe, neglect of the sainted dead, I. 178; tattooing, II. 31; tiger worship, II. 213; witchcraft, II. 261.

Jumna, worship of, I. 36.

Junctions of rivers, sacred, I. 38.

Jungle Mothers, the, I. 114.

Juno Lucino, I. 115.

Jur Sîtal rite, I. 132.

Jus primæ noctis, the, II. 162.

Jvaraharîsvara, the godling of malaria, I. 136.

K.

Kabandha, a Râkshasa, II. 37.

Kabîr, a saint, I. 183 sq.; II. 90.

Kachâri tribe, worship of the bamboo, II. 113.

Kâchhi tribe, totemism, II. 149.

Kachhwâha Râjput sept, totemism, II. 149.

Kadanballi tribe, totemism, II. 154.

Kadri, a saint, I. 29.

Kâfari, a black ghost, I. 238.

Kâhi ka Mela, the, II. 321.

Kailang Nâg, worship of, II. 125.

Kailâs Maura, a bead, I. 116.

Kaimûr mountains, respect for, I. 63.

Kajarî festival, indecent rites, I. 68.

Kakkî, the mare of Sakhi Sarwar, I. 209.

Kâl Bhairon, worship of, I. 84, 108; II. 219.

Kâla Mahar, worship of, I. 107.

Kalasa, a sacred jar, I. 97, 255; II. 75.

Kalauria, a nymph, I. 36.

Kalêjawâli, a title of Sîtalâ, I. 126.

Kalhans Râjput sept, worship of Ratan Pânrê, I. 192; totemism, II. 149.

Kâlî, worship of, I. 3, 73, 85, 143, 283; human sacrifice in honour of, II. 171.

Kâlidâs, worship of, I. 196.

Kâlî Devî, worship of, II. 170.

Kâlikâ Bhawâni, worship of, I. 129, 205.

Kâlî Sinh, worship of, II. 132.

Kâliyâ, a water demon, I. 42.

Kalki, an incarnation, II. 156, 205.

Kalmashapada, legend of, II. 168.

Kalpadruma, Kalpataru, Kalpavriksha, a sacred tree, II. 87.

Kâlu Kahâr, worship of, II. 82.

Kaluva, worship of, II. 81.

Kalyân Bhârati, a saint, I. 220.

Kâmadeva, vehicle of, II. 156.

Kâmadhenu, Kâmaduh, a sacred cow, I. 38; II. 232.

Kamâlo, a saint, I. 221.

Kâmi tribe, funeral rites, II. 71.

Kanchhedan rite, I. 242.

Kânhpuriya Râjput sept, tribal deity of, I. 85.

Kankeswarî, worship of, II. 176.

Kanphata Jogi sect, I. 242; II. 105.

Kansâsura, the godling of brass, II. 12.

Kantakasaiyya, the nail bed, I. 92.

Kapâlakriya, the rite, I. 239.

Kapila, a saint, I. 35; the elephant, II. 239.

Karama, a sacred tree, I. 40; II. 87, 94; the dance, II. 95.

Karamnâsa, an ill-omened river, I. 40.

Kâran tribe, marriage rites, II. 46.

Karana, legend of, I. 181.

Kârê Gorê Deo, worship of, I. 206.

Kârewar, the dragon, II. 129.

Kargas, the, II. 158.

Karhâda Brâhmans, human sacrifice, II. 170.

Karkotaka, a serpent king, I. 42; II. 126.

Karl, the Great, I. 283.

Karpûratilaka, a Yogini, I. 129.

Kârttikeya, vehicle of, II. 156.

Kasera caste, respect for brass, II. 12.

Kâsi Bâba, worship of, I. 145.

Kasyapa, legend of, II. 127.

Kâthi tribe, sun worship, I. 9.

Kathkâri tribe, disinterring corpses, II. 65.

Kattarpâr, Kattipen, a godling of ravines, I. 62.

Kauamudika, a Yogini, I. 129.

Kaumârî, a Mother, I. 112.

Kaur tribe, Satî worship, I. 187.

Kâwaj, a water godling, I. 47.

Kâvasth tribe, worship of Chitragupta, I. 196.

Keening, I. 168; II. 55.

Kelpie, the, I. 44.

Kerâr Bîr, worship of, I. 254.

Kerberos, II. 218.

Kesi, II. 206.

Ketu, the eclipse demon, I. 19.

Kewat caste, use of blood, II. 173.

Khabîsh, worship of, I. 260.

Khâha, a totem sept, II. 151.

Khair, a sacred tree, II. 106.

Khalârî Mâta, worship of, I. 114.

Khandê Râo, worship of, II. 219.

Khândh tribe, ancestor worship, I. 179; barrenness charms, I. 226; god of boundaries, I. 290; theory of disease, I. 124; godling of ravines, I. 62; human sacrifice, II. 169; snake worship, II. 131; totemism, II. 154; respect for trees, II. 90.

Khandoba, worship of, I. 90; II. 219.

Khanzab, a demon, II. 22.

Khapra Bâba, worship of, II. 197.

Khar Pûjâ, the, I. 32.

Khara, a demon, II. 209.

Kharbar Bîr, a demon, I. 254.

Kharg Joginî, sacred fire of, II. 196.

Khariya tribe, ancestor worship, I. 178; sun worship, I. 9; tattooing, II. 31; oath on the tiger, II. 213; totemism, II. 155, 159.

Kharwâr tribe, use of amulets, II. 40; theory of disease, I. 124; worship of Dulha Deo, I. 120; earth worship, I. 32; ghost legend, II. 76; sacred groves, II. 90; device to scare hail, I. 79; human sacrifice, II. 169; worship of the Karam tree, II. 87; marriage of Mûchak Rânî, II. 322; rag offerings, I. 163; expulsion of rinderpest, I. 170; snake legend, II. 143; sun worship, I. 9; prejudice against cutting trees, II. 87; legend of the Vetâla, II. 76.

Khasiya tribe, tree burial, II. 85.

Khera, worship of, I. 105.

Khera Devata, worship of, I. 106.

Kherapat, a village priest, II. 320.

Kheshgi Pathân tribe, respect for the pigeon, II. 246.

Khetpâl, Khetrapâla, worship of, I. 84, 105; II. 227.

Khicha Pûjâ, the, II. 221.

Khodiâr, a Mother, I. 113.

Khor, a cause of disease, I. 124.

Khwâja Habîb, Ajami, a Pîr, I. 203.

Khwâja Hasan Basri, a Pîr, I. 203.

Khwâja Khizr, the water godling, I. 47, 74.

Kîkar, a sacred tree, II. 114.

King held responsible for drought, I. 75.

Kinship of men and animals, II. 201.

Kirani Mâta, worship of, I. 215.

Kiraniya, a royal parasol, I. 8.

Kirâtadevî, worship of, I. 94.

Kirni, the, II. 158.

Kisân tribe, ancestor worship, I. 178; sacred groves, II. 90; sun worship, I. 9; tattooing, II. 31; tiger worship, II. 213.

Kite, the, II. 251.

Kliddo, a sprite, II. 92.

Knife, a protection against Bhûts, II. 13.

Knockers, the, I. 285.

Knots, mystic power of, I. 77; II. 43, 45.

Kobolds, the, I. 285.

Koboli, the, I. 285.

Kodapen, worship of, II. 208.

Koi tribe, dog worship, II. 219.

Kol tribe, the couvade, I. 276; disease godlings, I. 136; mode of divination, I. 153; respect for eels, II. 255; ghosts of persons killed by tigers, I. 267; sacred groves, II. 90; marriage rites, II. 103; measuring grain at marriages, I. 104; mountain worship, I. 61; worship of Nâga Era, I. 45; appointment of priest, II. 189; worship of Râja Lâkhan, I. 198; snake goddess, II. 131; sun worship, I. 10; tree deities, II. 103; tree marriage, II. 116, 119; witch-finding, II. 275.

Koli tribe, theory of disease, I. 124; theory about second marriages, I. 235; recalling the ghost, II. 71.

Korwa tribe, use of amulets, II. 40; ancestor worship, I. 177 sq.; cave deities, I. 284; dread of caves, I. 284; dreams, I. 232; belief in the Churel, I. 271; earth worship, I. 32; dread of earthquakes, I. 35; theory of ghosts, I. 232; mountain worship, I. 61; belief in omens, II. 49; ploughing ceremonies, II. 290; rag offerings, I. 161; rain charming, I. 74; disease scapegoats, I. 169; storm charming, I. 81; sun worship, I. 9; tattooing, II. 31.

Koskinomantis, the, II. 189.

Kotî Rânî, worship of, I. 62.

Kravyâda, a title of the Râkshasa, I. 246.

Krishna, worship of, I. 3, 17, 42, 78, 161; II. 229.

Kshetrapâla, a warden deity, I. 84.

Kshetrapati, cow sacrifice in honour of, II. 227.

Kudkhyo, the rite, II. 291.

Kujur, a totem sept, II. 150.

Kûkar Deora, the, I. 221.

Kûki tribe, theory of disease, I. 124; funeral rites, II. 65.

Kuladevatâ, a mother, I. 112.

Kumbhakarana, a demon, II. 300.

Kumhâr tribe, totemism, II. 149, 154; worship of the horse, II. 208; worship of Prajapati, I. 196.

Kumuda, the elephant, II. 239.

Kunbi tribe, ancestor worship, I. 179; birth rites, II. 120; respect for the cocoanut, II. 106; respect for dust, I. 28; horse worship, II. 208; respect for the Nîm tree, II. 106; parturition charm, II. 120; use of rice at marriages, II. 26; sheep worship, I. 164; totemism, II. 149; tree marriage, II. 102, 117.

Kunjara Mani, the, II. 240.

Kunwar Dhîr, worship of, I. 205.

Kur tribe, mountain worship, I. 61; sun worship, I. 10.

Kur Deo, a guardian godling, I. 137.

Kurku tribe, use of cow’s blood, II. 234; disease godlings, I. 137; barring the ghost, II. 62; identification of the village godlings, I. 103; mountain worship, I. 61; sun worship, I. 10.

Kûrma, an incarnation, II. 156.

Kurmi tribe. See Kunbi.

Kusa grass, sacred, II. 29.

Kusaputra rite, II. 75.

Kûsmânda, worship of, I. 94.

L.

La Bella Marte, invocation of, I. 69.

Label, a protective, II. 36.

Ladder for the ghost, II. 60.

Laghû, worship of, II. 181.

Lakara, a totem sept, II. 151.

Lakes, sacred, I. 54.

Lâkhdâta, the saint, I. 208.

Lakshmî, worship of, II. 100, 190.

Lâlanwâla, a saint, I. 208.

Lâl Beg, a saint, I. 196, 203; II. 206.

Lalitâ, worship of, I. 119.

Lâl Pîr, a saint, I. 203.

Lamas, control over the weather, I. 67.

Lame demons, I. 280.

Lamia, I. 2.

Lamkariyâ, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Lamp, to light the soul, II. 55; magic, I. 219; charm to stop rain, I. 76; rock cave, I. 285; worship, I. 93.

Lampblack, a protective, I. 28, 93; II. 3, 29.

Landslip, demon of, I. 264.

Langra Târ, worship of, I. 205.

Lankhinî, worship of, I. 95.

Last, dead, spirit of, I. 46; tree of the forest, II. 84.

Last, shoemaker’s, a fetish, II. 186.

Lâth Bhairon, worship of, II. 109.

Latora Bîr, worship of, I. 255.

Learning, charm to gain, I. 222.

Leather, a protective, II. 33.

Lemuri, the, I. 259.

Lengthening, ghost’s power of, I. 250.

Leper, sacrificed, II. 169.

Leprehaun, the, I. 287; II. 77.

Leprosy, caused by Vâsuki, II. 137; caused by telling lies in a grove, II. 91; cured at a shrine, I. 221; cured at a tank, I. 58 sq.; theory of, I. 125.

Letters, protection of, from the Evil Eye, II. 10.

Liberalia, festival, the, II. 321.

Lice, produced by a curse, I. 125.

Life Index, the, I. 250; II. 71.

Lighting the departing soul, II. 55.

Lightning scared by nudity, I. 69; goddess of, I. 224.

Likeness, dislike to having taken, I. 233.

Lilith, I. 128, 279.

Limbu tribe, barring the ghost, II. 57.

Lingam, watered to bring rain, I. 73, 76.

Lingâyat sect, burial rites, I. 30; flagellation, I. 155; worship of Chambasâpa, I. 183.

Lingo, the progenitor of the Gonds, I. 284.

Lingri Pîr, worship of, I. 161.

Lion, the, II. 210; of Ahmad Khân, I. 219.

Lizard, blood of, II. 20; omens from, II. 50.

Local godlings, worship of, I. 94.

Lockjaw, charm to cure, I. 131.

Locusts, scaring of, II. 302.

Lodhi tribe, use of rice, II. 27.

Lodi Pathân tribe, totemism, II. 150.

Loha, Lohajangha, a demon, I. 252.

Lohâsura, the godling of iron, II. 12.

Lohû river, the, I. 248.

Lokapâlas, the, II. 239.

Lonâ Chamârin, the witch, I. 151, 160; II. 285.

Lonâsura, a lake demon, I. 54.

Looking back, II. 57.

Lorik, legend of, II. 160.

Lota, the, a protective, II. 16.

Lot’s wife, II. 57.

Lotus, a sacred plant, II. 86.

Lough Neagh, legend of, I. 57.

Love knot, the, II. 46.

Lupercalia, the, I. 100, 225; II. 321.

Lycanthropy, II. 211.

M.

Machalinda, a snake king, II. 142.

Machandrî Pûjâ, the, I. 31.

Madain, worship of, II. 125.

Madâri, Faqîr, the, I. 216.

Mâgh tribe, funeral rites, II. 56; prejudice against cutting trees, II. 87.

Magic, circle, the, I. 103, 142; II. 41; sympathetic, I. 66, 78, 146; II. 52, 185, 251; trees, II. 87.

Mahâbrâhmans, functions of, I. 171; II. 70, 191.

Mahâdâni Deo, a demon, I. 284.

Mahâmâi, worship of, I. 85, 126; II. 181.

Mahendrî, worship of, I. 112.

Mahenî, worship of, I. 193.

Maheshwari, a Mother, I. 112.

Mahishâsura, a demon, I. 45; II. 237.

Mahishoba, worship of, I. 45; II. 237.

Mahua tree, respect for, I. 90; II. 102 sq.; of marriage, I. 163; II. 102 sq., 116.

Mâî Aeshan, worship of, I. 209.

Maiden in a tree, II. 88.

Mainpât, a mountain deity, I. 61.

Majhwâr tribe. See Mânjhi.

Makan Deo, a demon, I. 216.

Makara, a vehicle, II. 156.

Makhdûm Sâhib, a saint, I. 221.

Mâl tribe, use of necklaces, II. 45; food for the dead, II. 70.

Malahâri bird, the, II. 248.

Malâmat Shâh, a saint, I. 219.

Malayagandhinî, a Yogini, I. 129.

Maler tribe, use of blood, II. 20; tree burial, II. 85; worship of Dwâra Gusâîn, I. 104.

Malevolent dead, worship of, I. 230 sqq.

Malik Ambar, a saint, I. 258.

Malinâth, a Pîr, I. 206.

Mâl Pahariya tribe, use of necklaces, II. 45; sacrifice to the dead, II. 70.

Malsara, worship of, II. 220.

Mâma Devî, worship of, I. 117.

Mamduh, a ghost, I. 252.

Mâna Sarovara, lake, I. 54.

Mânasa, worship of, I. 214.

Mandâkarni, legend of, I. 57.

Mandâkini river, legend of, I. 39, 55.

Mandila, Mandila Devî, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Mandrake, the, I. 226.

Mangar tribe, funeral rites, II. 60.

Mangesar, a hill godling, I. 63.

Mango, a sacred tree, II. 109 sq.

Mang tribe, respect for the bamboo, II. 113; use of sacred grass, II. 30.

Mânjhi tribe, cannibalism, II. 168; mode of repelling the Churel, I. 271; food for the dead, II. 70; earth worship, I. 32; Karama dance, II. 95; belief in omens, II. 49; theory of the Râkshasa, I. 233; Saturnalia, II. 97.

Mâno, a bugaboo, II. 82.

Manoratha dayaka, a sacred tree, II. 87.

Mansa Ram, ghost of, I. 253.

Mantikora, the tiger, II. 217.

Mantra, a spell, I. 150.

Manushgandha, I. 246.

Marakî, a cholera Mother, I. 113.

Marang Bûra, a mountain deity, I. 61.

Marathon, ghosts at, I. 259.

Mare, the, in folk-lore, I. 212; of Gûga, I. 212.

Marî Bhawâni, Marî Mâî, the goddess of pestilence, I. 137, 142, 146.

Mârid, the, I. 266.

Marine products, protectives, II. 16.

Mâriya Gond tribe, worship of Bhîmsen, I. 90; tree burial, II. 85.

Mariyamma, worship of, I. 72.

Mârjanî, a Yogini, I. 129.

Mârkandeya, legend of, II. 98.

Marriage, to animals, II. 119; to a bird, I. 236; II. 119; of brother and sister, I. 36; causing showers, I. 75; to a god, I. 109; II. 118; of Ghâzi Miyân, I. 207; godling of, I. 119; of powers of vegetation, I. 207; II. 322; to a sword, II. 185; to trees, II. 115; tree of, II. 102; of the Tulasi and Sâlagrâma, I. 49.

Martyrs, worship of, I. 201.

Marutputra, a title of Hanumân, I. 88.

Maruts, the, I. 2, 78.

Masân, worship of, I. 133, 259.

Masânî, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Mâta, the small-pox goddess, I. 103, 126.

Mâta Janamî, Mâta Januvî, the goddess of births, I. 115.

Mâta Pûjâ, the, I. 132.

Mâtâlî, a Yogini, I. 129.

Mâtangî, worship of, I. 94, 132.

Maternal uncle, position of, I. 155; II. 8, 60.

Matmangara rite, I. 27, 292.

Mâtrî Pûjâ, the, I. 113.

Matronalia Festa, the, II. 321.

Matsya, an incarnation, II. 156.

Mattiwâh, the, I. 102.

Maun Charaun, rite, II. 233.

May feast, the, II. 322.

Maypole, the, II. 86.

Mâyâ, worship of, I. 111.

Measurement, mystic effect of, I. 104; II. 311.

Medhâ, a Mother, I. 112.

Megha Râja, a rain godling, I. 74.

Mekhâsura, worship of, II. 226.

Mela Devî, worship of, I. 133.

Melusina, II. 126.

Menstruation, I. 273; II. 20.

Mer tribe, human sacrifice, II. 169.

Merhalâ, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Mermaid, the, II. 126.

Meshâsura, worship of, II. 226.

Metamorphosis into tigers, II. 216.

Meteors, I. 82.

Mhâr tribe, respect for the bamboo, II. 113; use of bread, II. 26; food for the dead, II. 69; nudity rite, I. 68.

Mice, rites to avert, II. 301.

Mihilâ, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Milk, drinking of, I. 237; drunk by Bhûts, I. 237; offered to the Nâga, II. 129 sq.; poured on the ground, I. 26; prejudice against using, II. 236; protection of, from the Evil Eye, II. 10; a protective, II. 28; river flowing with, I. 39; of a tigress, II. 215; produced from a well, I. 51.

Milky Way, the, I. 25.

Mimosa tree, respect for, II. 106.

Mîna tribe, animal worship, II. 157.

Mine, spirits of, I. 282.

Mîr Abdul Ala, a saint, I. 220.

Mîrân Sâhib, a saint, I. 216.

Mîri tribe, respect for the tiger, II. 215.

Mirrors, belief regarding, I. 233; II. 35.

Mr. Miacca, II. 82.

Mitthu Bhûkhiya, worship of, I. 197.

Miyân Ahmad, a saint, I. 219.

Miyân Rajjab, a Pîr, I. 205.

Mnevis, worship of, II. 229.

Mock fights, II. 176, 321.

Modh Brâhmans, marriage rites, II. 8.

Mohinî, worship of, I. 95.

Momiâî, II. 176.

Momiâiwâla Sahib, the, II. 177.

Monkey, bones of, I. 89; euphemism, II. 54; feeding of, I. 88; hunting, II. 322; marrying, I. 89; II. 119; omens from, II. 49; respect for, I. 86, 88; sacrifice of, II. 322; worship of, I. 86.

Moon, drinking the, I. 14; abode of the dead, I. 18; emblem drawn on houses as a protective, I. 160; connected with the hare, II. 50; new, of Bhâdon, I. 17; phases of, I. 13; spots, I. 13; worship of, I. 12 sq.

Morgan La Fay, I. 45.

Moses, rod of, II. 178.

Mothers, worship of the, I. 111; Mother Satî, I. 188.

Motirâm, worship of, I. 197.

Mountain deities, I. 62; worship of, I. 60.

Mouse, the, II. 241.

Mouth, a spirit entry, I. 240.

Mrigasiras, the constellation, I. 25.

Muâsi tribe, respect for the bamboo, II. 113; dancing, I. 154.

Mûchak Rânî, worship of, II. 322.

Muhammad, a Pîr, I. 202.

Muîn-ud-dîn Chishti, a saint, I. 214.

Mukâî, a ghost, I. 269.

Mukmum, a sacred tree, I. 104.

Mûla, the asterism, I. 24, 277.

Mummy, use of, II. 176.

Munda tribe, barring the ghost, II. 62; human sacrifice, II. 170; rice-sowing ceremony, II. 292.

Mungoose, omens from the, II. 48; in the Bethgelert legend, II. 221.

Mûnj grass, sacred, II. 30.

Murmu tribe, totemism, II. 158.

Music, a demon scarer, I. 168.

Mustard, a spirit scarer, I. 80, 273; II. 28.

Mûth, the, II. 266.

Mutilation, I. 280; II. 66; of witches, II. 282.

Mutua Devata, worship of, I. 103, 137.

Mysteries, use of dust in, I. 30.

N.

Nadiya, the bull of Siva, II. 234.

Nâga, the snake, I. 43; II. 152.

Nâga race, the, II. 124.

Nâga Era, a water godling, I. 45.

Nâga Râja, worship of, II. 152.

Nâga tribe, tree burial, II. 85.

Nagar Deo, worship of, II. 81.

Nagar Seth, a rain priest, I. 73.

Nâgbansi tribe, mountain worship, I. 61.

Nâgîswar, a snake godling, II. 131.

Nâgiya Bîr, worship of, I. 235.

Nâg Kanya, the mermaid, II. 126.

Nâg Kuan, a sacred well, II. 131.

Nâgpanchamî festival, the, II. 129, 137.

Nâhar Khân, worship of, I. 193.

Nâhar Râo, worship of, I. 95.

Nâhar tribe, totemism, II. 150.

Nahâwan, rite of, II. 25.

Nâhuk, legend of, II. 128.

Nahusha, legend of, II. 127.

Nâikrâm, worship of, II. 182.

Nails, of Europeans, II. 9; of iron, I. 273; II. 14; parings of, I. 280; II. 277; of Râkshasas, I. 249.

Nainî Tâl, lake, I. 55.

Nakshatras, the asterisms, I. 24.

Nala and Damayantî, legend of, I. 64.

Nâm Deo, a saint, I. 184, 204.

Nâmdeo tribe, death rites, II. 105.

Names, fixed by astrology, I. 24; opprobrious, II. 4; taboo of, II. 5.

Nânak, shrine of, I. 209.

Nanda Devî, a mountain goddess, I. 62, 173; II. 180.

Nand Ashtami, feast of, I. 173.

Nand Bhairon, worship of, I. 109.

Nandi, the bull of Siva, II. 234.

Nârada, worship of, I. 196.

Nara Sinha, an incarnation, I. 213; II. 156.

Narasinhikâ, a Mother, I. 112.

Nârâyanbali rite, the, I. 245.

Nâiâyana Chakra, a charm, I. 75.

Narmada river, legend of, I. 39.

Nasnâs, the, I. 267.

Nathu Kahâr, worship of, I. 199.

Nathurâm, worship of, II. 319.

Nat tribe, barring the ghost, II. 59.

Nature worship, I. 1.

Naugaza, the, I. 223, 250; II. 75.

Naulâkha, the, II. 17.

Nauratana, the, II. 17.

Naurâtrî, feast of, II. 267.

Navagraha, the nine constellations, I. 23.

Navalâî, worship of, I. 269.

Navamî Pûjâ, the, II. 303.

Nâya, a village priest, I. 157.

Nâyakî, a Yogini, I. 129.

Necklace, magic, II. 17.

Negra, godling of indigestion, I. 136.

Nekî Bîbi, a bugaboo, II. 82.

Nereids, the, I. 2.

Net, a demon scarer, II. 36.

Neville’s Cross, ghosts at, I. 259.

Newâr tribe, tree marriage, II. 117.

New moon, rites at, I. 16.

Nhâvi tribe, use of rice, II. 26.

Night, personified, I. 257; spirits of, I. 250; summons, I. 257.

Nightmare, caused by evil spirits, I. 233; charms against, II. 34.

Nikke, I. 44.

Nîlgâê, omens from, II. 49.

Nîm tree, the II. 104; connected with small-pox, I. 129, 135; a cure for snake-bite, II. 105.

Nîmbârak sect, legend of, I. 6; II. 105.

Nine yard tombs, I. 223.

Nirgan Shâh, a saint, I. 185.

Nirritî, I. 247.

Nisi, I. 257.

Nixy, I. 44.

Nizâm-ud-dîn Auliya, a saint, I. 214.

Noah, ark of, I. 26; legend of, I. 48, 223.

Noise, a scarer of demons, I. 23, 79, 167.

Nonâ Chamârin, the witch, I. 79; II. 285.

Norka, the, II. 158.

Nose, a spirit haunt, I. 241; ring, respect for, II. 43.

Nudity, of Bhûts, I. 243; a charm in cattle disease, I. 70; in death rites, I. 173; to cause rain, I. 67 sqq.; to stop rain, I. 76; in temple building, I. 71; in the scapegoat rite, I. 173.

Numbers, mystic, II. 51.

Nyagrodha tree, the, II. 98.

O.

Oba, a cholera goddess, I. 146.

Odd numbers, II. 51.

Odin, dogs of, II. 223.

Oil, used in ceremonies, I. 93, 148.

Oilman, ghost of, I. 260; omens from, II. 48.

Ointment, magic, I. 228; II. 43.

Ojha, an exorciser, I. 129, 147, 156.

Ojhyâl tribe, use of bells, I. 168.

Old Man of the Mountains, the, I. 215.

Old Nick, I. 44.

Old Scratch, II. 82.

Oliya, a hail charmer, I. 80.

Omens, II. 47; avoidance of, II. 54; from crows, II. 245; from dogs, II. 222; from the horse, II. 207; from wells, I. 52.

One-eyed people, II. 37, 51.

Onion, prejudice against eating, II. 35.

Onyx, a sacred stone, II. 19.

Ophiogeneis, the, II. 124.

Ophthalmia, cure of, I. 209.

Opprobrious names, II. 4.

Orâon tribe, birth fiends, I. 264; cat fiend, II. 271; disposal of the dead, I. 237; modes of divination, I. 153; earth marriage, I. 30; plough, respect for, II. 192; appointment of priest, II. 189; respect for eels, II. 255; use of rice, II. 27; sun worship, I. 9 sq.; respect for the tamarind tree, II. 109; totemism, II. 158.

Ordeal, of magic circle, II. 42; for witches, II. 271 sq.

Ordure, eating of, II. 36.

Oshadhipati, a title of the moon, I. 14.

Osiris, II. 229.

Ovum Anguinum, the, II. 142, 224.

Owls, I. 279; eating flesh of, I. 279; omens from, II. 50.

P.

Pâbu, a Pîr, I. 206.

Pachîsi, game of, II. 181.

Pachpiriya sect, the, I. 205.

Padam tribe, belief in tree spirits, II. 78.

Padoei, a race of cannibals, II. 168.

Padma, a mother, I. 112.

Pahâr Pando, a hill godling, I. 62.

Pahariya tribe, use of blood, II. 20.

Palaces under the water, I. 56.

Palâsa tree, sacred, II. 111.

Palâsvidhi rite, the, II. 114.

Palihâr, worship of, I. 205.

Palliwâl Brâhmans, horse worship, II. 208.

Palm tree, respect for, II. 91.

Palwâr sept, witchcraft, II. 286.

Panchajana, a demon, II. 17.

Pancharatana, the, II. 69.

Pânch Pîr, the, I. 94, 205.

Panda, a priest, II. 317.

Pândavas, the, worship of, I. 206; II. 128, 237.

Pânipat, ghosts at, I. 259.

Panj Pîr, the, I. 202.

Panka tribe, theory of disease, I. 124; earth worship, I. 32; euphemism, II. 54; wind charming, I. 82.

Parachhan rite, II. 24.

Parameswar, a title of the sun, I. 10.

Parâsara, worship of, I. 196; II. 241.

Pardah, custom of, II. 47.

Pardesi Râjput sept, totemism, II. 156.

Parhaiya tribe, sheep worship, I. 164; totemism, II. 155.

Pari, the, I. 265.

Parihâr Râjput sept, totemism, II. 154.

Pârijâta, a magic tree, II. 88.

Pârisadas, worship of, I. 94.

Parjanya, worship of, I. 33.

Parrot, the, II. 251.

Pârsi tribe, use of earth, I. 29; use of sandal-wood, II. 113.

Partridge, the, II. 251.

Parturition charms, II. 3, 12, 19, 120, 183; impurity, I. 273.

Parûravas, legend of, I. 238.

Parusha, the eternal male, I. 111; II. 227.

Parushamedha rite, the, II. 167.

Pârvatî, spouse of Siva, I. 12, 62.

Pâsi tribe, worship of the Pîr, I. 206.

Pasupatinâtha, worship of, II. 81, 237.

Pât, a shrine, I. 268.

Pâtâla, opening of, I. 282.

Patâri tribe, ancestor worship, I. 177; use of bells, I. 168; belief in the Churel, I. 271; earth worship, I. 32; euphemism, II. 54; food for the dead, II. 70; belief in omens, II. 49; rag offerings, I. 163; scape animal, I. 169.

Pathân tribe, respect for the dove, II. 246.

Pattiwâh, the, I. 102.

Pauariya tribe, death rite, II. 64.

Pawan kâ pût, a title of Hanumân, I. 88.

Peacock, the, II. 45, 155, 233, 250.

Pearl, sacred, II. 17.

Pebbles flung at the ghost, II. 57.

Perambulation in the course of the sun, I. 10.

Perforated shells, II. 17; stones, I. 227; II. 164.

Pestle producing water, I. 50.

Phalgu river, legend of, I. 39.

Phallicism, in worship of Baîmsen, I. 90; in cow worship, II. 229; in serpent worship, II. 124; in tree worship, II. 86; offerings, I. 90; stones adapted to, II. 164; in worship of the plough, II. 192.

Phapholewâlî, a title of Sîtalâ, I. 126.

Pharsipen, worship of, I. 120.

Pheasant, the, II. 251.

Pheru, a whirlwind demon, I. 81.

Philosopher’s stone, the, II. 15.

Phœnix, the, II. 155, 158.

Phouka, the, II. 77.

Phûlmatî, a sister of Sîtalâ, I. 129.

Pigeon, the, I. 209; II. 246; marriage of, II. 119.

Pillar worship of Bhîmsen, I. 90.

Pillows, offering of, I. 209.

Pindhâri tribe, worship of Ramâsa Pîr, I. 200.

Pingalâ, the elephant, II. 239.

Pingalika, the lion, II. 210.

Pinnacle shaking, I. 223.

Pins, offered in wells, I. 163.

Pîpa, worship of, II. 133.

Pîpal tree, the, I. 163; II. 61, 97; leaves used as a witch test, II. 273.

Pîrs, the, I. 201, 204.

Pîr ’Ali Rangrez, a saint, I. 203.

Pîr Badr, a water godling, I. 47.

Pîr Hathîlê, a saint, I. 203.

Pîr-i-’Azam, a saint, I. 216.

Pîr-i-Dastgîr, a saint, I. 216.

Pîr Jahâniyân, a saint, I. 202, 221.

Pîr Jalâl, a saint, I. 203.

Pîr Muhammad, a saint, I. 203.

Pisâcha, the, I. 94, 245; Bhâsha, I. 238.

Pitri, the sainted dead, residing in the moon, I. 18; worship of, I. 177.

Places, omens from, II. 53.

Planchette, the, II. 189.

Plantain tree, respect for, I. 131; II. 108.

Pleiades, the, I. 25.

Plenty, horn of, II. 225.

Plough, a fetish, II. 192; Monday, II. 192.

Ploughing, rites in connection with, II. 287.

Ploughshare, used in sorcery, I. 160.

Pokhar, a sacred lake, I. 54.

Pokharna Brâhmans, fetish worship, II. 187.

Polamdê, a sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Pole star, the, I. 24.

Pomaliya tribe, practice of the Couvade, I. 276.

Pomegranate, a sacred tree, II. 108.

Poplar tree, sacred, II. 97.

Pora Mâî, worship of, I. 114.

Porcupine quill, used in a charm, I. 165.

Pot, the inexhaustible, I. 215.

Potlinga, worship of, II. 182.

Potter’s wheel, a fetish, II. 186.

Poverty, expulsion of, II. 188.

Powder, thrown at the Holî, II. 317.

Prabhu Tribe, birth fiends, I. 264; respect for the bamboo, II. 113; respect for the boar, II. 157; respect for the cocoanut, II. 106.

Prahlâda, legend of, II. 313.

Prajapati, worship of, I. 5, 196; II. 241.

Prâkritî, worship of, I. 111.

Pramantha, the, II. 193.

Pregnant women, II. 2; at eclipses, I. 22; and snakes, II. 143.

Pret, the, I. 94, 244.

Pretiya Brâhmans, I. 245.

Pretsila, the, I. 245.

Priest, worship of, I. 178.

Prithivî, worship of, I. 26; II. 288.

Privy, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 293.

Priyavrata, legend of, I. 9.

Prometheus, II. 193.

Proper names and totemism, II. 152.

Prostitution, religious, II. 118.

Puberty, initiation rite, II. 66; flagellation at, I. 100; seclusion at, I. 93.

Puck, II. 77.

Pumpkin, substituted for a human sacrifice, II. 175.

Pundarîka, the elephant, II. 239.

Pûra Brâhmans, totemism, II. 149.

Pûran Mal, ghost of, I. 253.

Purse, the inexhaustible, I. 215.

Pûshan, worship of, I. 2.

Pushkar, a sacred lake, I. 54.

Pushpadanta, the elephant, II. 239.

Pushtî, a Mother, I. 112.

Pûtanâ, a witch, I. 94; II. 285, 313.

Q.

Qadam-i-Rasûl, the, II. 200.

Quern, the magic, I. 50.

Qutb Shâh, a saint, I. 218.

Qutb-ud-dîn Bakhtiyâr Kâki, a saint, I. 214.

Qutb-ud-dîn Ushi, a saint, I. 216.

Qutrub, the, I. 267.

R.

Radder tribe, birth rites, I. 277.

Râdhâ, worship of, I. 3, 111.

Râê Dâs, a saint, I. 184.

Râê Sinh, worship of, I. 200.

Raft, launched in honour of Khwâja Khizr, I. 48; used to expel demons, I. 48.

Rag, horses offered, II. 208; offerings of, I. 161; tree, II. 319.

Rahma, a saint, I. 81.

Râhu, the eclipse demon, I. 19.

Raikwâr tribe, objection to the Nîm tree, II. 158.

Railway accident, persons killed at, I. 259.

Rain, binding up, I. 77; charms, I. 67; II. 96; clouds influenced by the Evil Eye, I. 78; stopped by cutting trees, II. 90; devices to prevent, I. 76.

Rainbow, the, I. 25; II. 144.

Râja, of Bûndi, the, I. 257; Chandol, worship of, I. 198; Kidâr, I. 47; Lâkhan, worship of, I. 198.

Rajah Sâlâr, a saint, I. 205.

Râjawa, a snake godling, II. 140.

Râjput tribe, ancestor worship, I. 181; Satî worship, I. 187.

Râka, a moon goddess, I. 15.

Rakhwâlî, a guardian witch, II. 270.

Rakhshabandhan rite, II. 293.

Râkshasa, the, I. 246; a builder, I. 250; a cannibal, II. 168; folly of, I. 249; Majhwâr belief regarding, I. 233; modern, I. 252.

Râkshasî, the, I. 95, 247, 253.

Râli kâ Mela, the, II. 321.

Ram, worship of, II. 226.

Râma and Sîtâ, wells of, I. 52.

Râmanand, footprints of, II. 200.

Râmânuja sect, rules of eating, I. 293.

Ramâsa Pîr, worship of, I. 200.

Râmâyana, the epic, I. 85.

Rambhâ, a fairy, I. 265.

Râm Deo, a Pîr, I. 206.

Ramoshi tribe, marriage rites, II. 47; nudity rite, I. 68.

Râna, a Râkshasa, I. 55.

Rânî Bâchhal, the, I. 211.

Ransila, a sacred rock, I. 91; II. 181.

Rantideva Râja, I. 39.

Rasâlu, legend of, I. 250; II. 136, 241.

Râs Mandala dance, the, I. 155.

Rat, the, II. 241; produced by neglected rites, I. 73; euphemism, II. 241; of Shâh Daula, II. 242; a vehicle, II. 156.

Ratan Hâji, a saint, I. 212.

Ratan Pânrê, worship of, I. 192.

Raudrî, a Mother, I. 112.

Raukâ Devî, worship of, I. 133.

Rautiya tribe, tree marriage, II. 116.

Râvana, a Râkshasa, I. 247.

Re-birth through the cow, II. 231.

Recalling the ghost, II. 72.

Red, a protective, II. 28.

Red Nose and Bloody Bones, II. 82.

Regillus, lake of, II. 181.

Relics of saints, I. 75, 202; worship of, II. 38.

Renukâ, legend of, I. 58, 94.

Rhœa Sybeli, goddess of ravines, I. 62.

Rice pounder, fetish, II. 191; thrown over the bride, II. 26, 188; rite during planting, II. 291.

Rikheswara, worship of, II. 137.

Rikhî Panchami feast, the, II. 137.

Riksha, the constellation, I. 24.

Ring, magic, II. 44; protective power of, II. 13, 16, 43.

Rip Van Winkle, I. 270.

River, associated with the Himâlaya, I. 42; springing from a corpse, I. 41; home of the dead, I. 42; ill-omened, I. 40; junction sacred, I. 38; of death. II. 55; retiring at the prayer of a saint, I. 218; worship, I. 35 sqq.

Road, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 77 sq., 290; II. 3.

Robbers, deified, I. 197.

Robin Goodfellow, II. 76, 198.

Rod used in water finding, I. 50.

Rohiânwâla, a saint, I. 208.

Rohini, legend of, I. 13.

Roof, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 293.

Rosaries, II. 19.

Rowan, a sacred tree, II. 107, 111, 274.

Ruby, a sacred stone, II. 17.

Rudra Siva, worship of, I. 3, 94.

Ruins, a haunt of Bhûts, I. 280.

Rûkhar Bâba, a saint, I. 220.

Rukh, a mystic bird, II. 158.

Rukminî, worship of, I. 3.

Rumpelstilzchen, tale of, II. 5.

Rûniya, a demon, I. 264.

Rupee, used in a charm, I. 116.

Rural festivals, II. 287.

Rush ring, the, II. 43.

S.

Sâ, a sacred grove, II. 90.

Sabarî, worship of, I. 94.

Sachî, a Mother, I. 112.

Sacrifice, vicarious, I. 74, 76; scape animal merging into, I. 172.

Sadasiva, legend of, II. 237.

Sâdhu, the, I. 183.

Sadhua Bhagat, a saint, I. 204.

Sâgara, legend of, I. 35.

Sahjâ Mâî, worship of, I. 205.

Sâhu Sâlâr, worship of, I. 205.

Sâim, a tide of Bhûmiya, I. 105.

Sain Bhagat, a saint, I. 204.

Sainhikeya, a demon, I. 19.

Saining, rite of, II. 177.

Sainted dead, the, I. 175 sqq.

Sâkamabari Devî, worship of, I. 224.

Sakhi Sarwar, a saint, I. 208.

Sakhiya, the, II. 91.

Sâkhu tree, respect for, II. 100.

Sakhu Bâî, worship of, I. 187.

Sâkinî, worship of, I. 94.

Saktî, worship of, I. 3, 84, 94.

Sâl tree, respect for, I. 32; II. 87, 100.

Sâlagrâma, the, I. 274; II. 165, 183; married to the Tulasi, I. 49.

Sâlgirah, the, II. 47.

Salhes, worship of, I. 197.

Salîm Chishti, a saint, I. 190, 285.

Saliva, effects of, I. 262; II. 22.

Salono festival, the, II. 36, 293.

Salt, abstinence from, I. 7; a protective, I. 243; II. 23.

Salutation, a means of scaring demons, II. 23.

Sambat, the, II. 314.

Sâmbhar lake, legend of, I. 55.

Sambhunâth, fire worship in honour of, II. 196.

Sambrâ, a goddess, I. 55.

Sampson, I. 239; II. 66, 205.

Sâmudrika, worship of, I. 95.

Sandal, a sacred tree, II. 113.

Sangal Nâg, worship of, II. 125.

Sani, the planet, I. 110, 130; II. 16, 156.

Sankarâchârya, a saint, I. 6.

Sankara Devî, worship of, I. 133.

Sankhachûrni, the, II. 77.

Sankhini, worship of, I. 95.

Sânp Deota, worship of, II. 122.

Santâl tribe, cremation rites, II. 189; fetishes, II. 181; harvest home, II. 308; oath on the tiger, II. 213; legend of origin, II. 154; mountain worship, I. 61; post worship, I. 101; religious prostitution, II. 118; totemism, II. 158; tiger worship, II. 213; belief about trees, II. 90; witch ordeals, II. 272.

Santanu, legend of, I. 36.

Sântî, a mother, I. 112.

Santokh, the, II. 215.

Sânwar, worship of, I. 205.

Sapaha, worship of, I. 267.

Sapinda karana, rite, I. 245.

Sapphire, a sacred stone, II. 17.

Saptasri Devî, worship of, I. 284.

Saratoga, ghosts at, I. 259.

Sârhul, a feast, I. 51.

Sarjan, worship of, II. 133.

Sarju river, legend of, I. 39.

Sarna, a sacred grove, II. 90.

Sarvabhauma, the elephant, II. 239.

Sarvari, II. 219.

Sateswar, legend of, I. 125.

Sathî, a birth fiend, I. 264.

Satî, the, I. 185, 197; shrines of, I. 186.

Saturn, the planet. See Sani.

Saturnalia, II. 97, 324.

Satvâî, a birth fiend, I. 264; II. 188.

Satyavrata, legend of, I. 38.

Satyr, the, I. 264.

Saubha Devî, worship of, I. 95.

Saukan Maura, the, I. 236.

Saura sect, sun worship, I. 6.

Savalâ, the sacred cow, II. 232.

Savitrî, worship of, I. 112; II. 236.

Sâyam, a title of Bhûmiya, I. 105.

Sayyid Ahmad, a saint, I. 208.

Sayyid Kabîr, a saint, I. 217.

Sayyid Mahmûd, a saint, I. 223.

Sayyid Saadat Pîr, I. 258.

Sayyid Sâlâr Masaud, I. 207.

Sayyid Yusuf, I. 222.

Sayyids, the, I. 201.

Scalplock, the, I. 107, 239.

Scape animals, I. 113, 141 sq., 166, 169.

Scapular, the, II. 41.

Scavenger, a priest, I. 95.

Scissors, a fetish, II. 186.

Scorpion, sting, charms, I. 151; II. 110; controlled by a saint, I. 185.

Scott, Michael, I. 252.

Scrofula, cure of, I. 221.

Sculptures, obscene, I. 69.

Second marriage and Bhûts, I. 235.

Secrecy in rites, I. 28, 33, 293; II. 95, 312.

Sectarial marks, II. 30.

Sedalâ, sister of Sîtalâ, I. 128.

Sedhu Lâla, worship of, I. 129.

Semal, a sacred tree, II. 103.

Serpent. See Snake.

Sesamum, mystic power of, I. 102; II. 28.

Seshanâga, the world serpent, I. 49; II. 123, 125, 288.

Seth, tomb of, I. 224.

Seven, a mystic number, I. 46, 77, 128, 148; II. 51; the sleepers, I. 283.

Seventy-four, a mystic number, II. 39.

Sewanriya, a deity of boundaries, I. 290.

Sex, change of, II. 6.

Shadow, part of the soul, I. 43, 133, 233, 260; not cast by Bhûts, I. 237.

Shahâba, the, II. 197.

Shâh Abdul Ghafûr, a saint, I. 219.

Shâh Daula, a saint, I. 220; rats of, II. 242.

Shâhgarh lake, legend of, I. 57.

Shâhpasand, the fairy, I. 266.

Shâh Qâsim Sulaimâni, the saint, I. 184, 202.

Shâh Ruqa-i-Alam, a Pîr, I. 203.

Shâh Shams Tabrîz, a Pîr, I. 203.

Shâh Vilâyat, a saint, I. 285.

Shâhza, worship of, I. 205.

Shaikh Ahmad Abdul Haqq, I. 223.

Shaikh Bûrhan, a saint, I. 190.

Shaikh Farîd, a saint, I. 203, 214; II. 308.

Shaikh Jalâl Makhdûm, Jahâniyân Jahângasht, a Pîr, I. 203.

Shaikh Kabîr, a saint, I. 220.

Shaikh Mîna Shâh, a saint, I. 281.

Shaikh Muhammad Ghaus, a saint, I. 220.

Shaikh Saddu, worship of, I. 204, 217, 219.

Shaitân, the, I. 266.

Shambuka, legend of, II. 223.

Shamsi sect, the, I. 184.

Shâod Mâta, worship of, II. 309.

Shashthî, worship of, I. 131.

Shaving, rite of, I. 47; II. 66.

Sheaf, the last, II. 306; a protective, II. 28.

Shears, divination by, II. 187.

Sheep, respect for, I. 163.

Shell, a protective, II. 16.

Shiqq, the, I. 267.

Shîsham tree, sacred, II. 101.

Shoe, a scarer of demons, I. 80; II. 34; flying, II. 206.

Shoebeating, I. 80; II. 34.

Shrine, in honour of persons killed by accident, I. 234; which cure barrenness, I. 227; which cure disease, I. 220; of Bhûmiya, I. 105; direction of, I. 96, 98; with images or relics, I. 224; of Sakhi Sarwar, I. 210.

Siddhua, a kindly ghost, II. 81.

Sidi Maula, a saint, I. 220.

Sieve, a fetish, I. 152.

Sikandar Diwâna, a Pîr, I. 205.

Sikh Sayyids, I. 201.

Silât, the, I. 267.

Silence in rites, II. 59, 165, 311 sq.

Silkworms, II. 257.

Silver, touched at the new moon, I. 16; a protective, II. 15.

Simurgh, a mystic bird, II. 158.

Sin-eating, I. 170.

Sing Bonga, a title of the sun, I. 10.

Sinhas, the, II. 132.

Sinhikâ, a Râkshasî, I. 261.

Siras tree, respect for, II. 109.

Sîtâ, purified by bathing, I. 59; test of chastity, I. 52; sprung from a furrow, II. 287; kitchen of, I. 52; II. 32; pool of, I. 59; palanquin of, I. 62; well of, I. 52; worship of, I. 94.

Sîtalâ, the small-pox goddess, I. 125; II. 174; connected with the Nîm tree, II. 104.

Sith Bhruaith mounds, I. 282.

Sithi Jâtra feast, II. 176.

Sitting in silence, II. 59.

Siva, vehicle of, II. 156.

Skandhabâta, the, I. 258.

Skin, a seat, II. 35.

Skull-breaking rite, I. 239.

Sleeping person awakened, I. 232.

Small-pox, and the Nîm tree, II. 104; precautions during epidemics, I. 135; transference of, I. 165; worship of goddess of, I. 125.

Smell, bad, a spirit scarer, II. 21.

Snake, an ancestor, II. 133; killing of, a cause of barrenness, I. 226; bite cured at a shrine, I. 221; charm for bite of, I. 151, 239; II. 140; charming of, II. 141; connected with Diwâlî feast, II. 295; double-tongued, II. 137; feeding, II. 138; euphemism, II. 142; heroes deified, II. 133; in folk-lore, II. 136, 141; gods, II. 131; household, II. 144; jewel, the, II. 143; connected with the Nîm tree, II. 104; path of, I. 25; connected with the rainbow, II. 144; connected with the Satî, I. 187; shrines, II. 125; race, II. 124, 151; stone, II. 141, 224; in temples, II. 126; treasure guardians, II. 134; tribe, the, II. 151; ruler of the weather, II. 129; women, II. 137; worship of, I. 121 sqq.

Sneezing, I. 240.

Snow, caused by tree-cutting, II. 91.

Sobarna Tîr, worship of, I. 205.

Sokha, Sokha Bâba, an exorciser, I. 147; II. 122.

Solar myth, the, I. 56.

Solomon, I. 151, 266; II. 19, 39, 75, 82.

Soma, the moon godling, I. 12; II. 112.

Somavansi tribe, belief about second marriage, I. 235.

Son river, legend of, I. 39.

Soral, a snake godling, II. 140.

Sorcerers, I. 156.

Soul, departing in a dream, I. 231; facilitating departure of, II. 55; separable, I. 231; II. 23.

South, the abode of the dead, I. 98.

Speech, of Bhûts, I. 238.

Spirits of the dead, hostile, I. 230; entries of, I. 238; lovers, I. 238; mortal, I. 178.

Spitting, I. 5, 79; of gold, II. 134.

Spittle, a demon scarer, II. 22; effects of, I. 262.

Spleen disease, charm for, II. 224.

Spolviero, a wind sprite, I. 81.

Spread hand, the, II. 39.

Spriggans, the, I. 286.

Springs, connected with the Ganges, I. 38; hot, I. 53.

Square, magic, I. 159.

Squirrel, the, II. 242.

Srâddha, rites, I. 179, 234; II. 30.

Sringâri Devî, worship of, I. 114.

Stalactite, a fetish, II. 180.

Star, falling, I. 82; II. 22; showing to, I. 25; worship of, I. 23; as kine, I. 25.

Starling and locusts, II. 302.

St. George, I. 48.

Stick, magic, II. 177 sq.

Stocks named from animals, &c., II. 149.

Stone, circle, the, II. 42; creature turned into, II. 163; receptacle for the ghost, II. 61; endued with life, II. 164; used as fetishes, II. 163; perforated, II. 19, 164; precious, II. 17; connected with rainfall, I. 75; weapons, II. 12, 164.

String, magic, II. 45.

Strix, the, I. 279.

Stûpa, the, II. 199.

Subhâchârâ, a Yogini, I. 129.

Subhadantî, the elephant, II. 239.

Substitutes for sacrifice, I. 97.

Succubi, the, I. 238, 264.

Sudarsana, legend of, II. 130.

Sudarsan Sâh, expulsion of sorcerers, I. 156.

Sugar, a spirit scarer, II. 36.

Sugar-cane, rites, I. 216; II. 304, 307.

Sugrîva, a monkey king, I. 63.

Suicide, burial of, I. 269, 290; religious, I. 256; II. 169; worship of, I. 191 sqq.

Suiri tribe, worship of Hanumân, I. 86.

Sulakshanâ, a Yogini, I. 129.

Sultân Bayazîd, worship of, I. 220.

Sultâni sect, the, I. 208.

Sun, emblem of, drawn as a protective, I. 160; eye of, I. 12; impregnation by, I. 11, 69; power of summoning friends, I. 11; kindred of the, II. 150; connected with the Nîm tree, II. 105; walking in the course of, I. 10.

Sunandâ, a Yogini, I. 129.

Sunasepha, worship of, I. 94.

Sûnga, a water finder, I. 50.

Sungâî, worship of, II. 303.

Sunshine, propitiation of, II. 314.

Sunstroke, theory of, I. 125.

Supratîka, the elephant, II. 239.

Surabhandeswarî, worship of, I. 95.

Surabhî, the mystic cow, II. 232.

Sûraj Deota, worship of, I. 74.

Sûrajbansi Râjput sept, totemism, II. 150.

Sûraj Nârâyan, Sûrya, worship of, I. 5, 74, 77, 283.

Sûryabhân, worship of, I. 61.

Sûryapati, worship of, I. 6.

Suthân, worship of, I. 205.

Svadhâ, a Mother, I. 112.

Svâsva, a title of Bhairon, I. 108.

Swan, the, II. 247; maiden, cycle of tales, I. 36, 45, 68, 238.

Swâstika, the, I. 11, 160; II. 101, 125.

Sweeper, burial of, I. 144, 269; ghosts of, II. 60; omens from, II. 48; saint of, I. 203.

Sword, magic, II. 13, 162; marriage to, II. 185; a protective, II. 14; worship of, II. 185.

Syâma Karana, the horse, II. 204.

Syâmalâ, worship of, I. 95.

Syâmji, worship of, I. 196.

Syâna, an exorciser, I. 147.

T.

Taboo, of names, II. 5.

Tadala, a sacred lake, I. 56.

Tail, of the tiger, II. 217.

Takshaka, a snake king, I. 17; II. 139.

Talâo Daitya, a demon, I. 284.

Tamarind tree, respect for, II. 109.

Tank, sacred, I. 58; containing treasure, I. 60.

Tanner, water of, drunk, II. 280.

Târâ Bâî, I. 249.

Târâ Penu, worship of, II. 131.

Târ Bîr, a demon, I. 235.

Taroba, a sacred lake, I. 56.

Tarpana rite, the, I. 180.

Tattooing, II. 30.

Tauz, I. 48.

Teeth, of witches, II. 281.

Tejajî, worship of, I. 213.

Telemachus, dogs of, II. 222.

Teli, omens from, II. 48.

Tempests, caused by Deos, I. 254.

Temple building and nudity, I. 71.

Terminus, I. 290.

Tests, of hero, II. 215; of witches, II. 272.

Thags, fetish axe, II. 184; belief in omens, II. 49; patron saint, I. 215; worship of Devî, I. 63.

Thâkur tribe, birth rites, II. 40.

Thammuz, I. 48.

Thandî, a title of Sîtalâ, I. 130.

Thâru tribe, burial rites, II. 65; fetish worship, II. 184; post worship, I. 101; use of turmeric, II. 29; witchcraft, II. 261, 284.

Thatch-burning to cure barrenness, I. 226.

Theh, a sacred mound, I. 107.

Thorns, a demon scarer, II. 36, 57.

Three, a mystic number, II. 51.

Threshold, respect for, I. 241.

Threshing-floor, protection of, II. 41.

Thumbs, double, II. 36.

Thunder and lightning, I. 33 sq., 135.

Tiga, a totem sept, II. 151.

Tiger, the, II. 210; befooled, II. 218; charming, I. 153; II. 214; claws, II. 38; euphemism, II. 212; laying of ghost, I. 267; magical powers of, II. 214; man-eating, II. 211; propitiation of, II. 215; a vehicle, II. 156.

Tilanjalî rite, the, II. 28.

Tippera tribe, recalling the ghost, II. 72.

Tirik, a totem sept, II. 151.

Tiyar tribe, human sacrifice, II. 170.

Toad, fat of, II. 177; stone, the, I. 116.

Toda tribe, buffalo worship, II. 237; worship of Hiriya Deva, I. 168.

Tola, a demon, I. 261.

Tomb, fetish, II. 198; haunters, II. 218; miracle-working, I. 184.

Tombstone, the, II. 61, 166.

Tom Tit Tot, II. 5.

Tool fetish, the, II. 184.

Toothache charms, I. 151.

Topaz, a sacred stone, II. 17.

Tortoise, the, II. 255.

Totem, the, II. 146 sqq.

Totemism, II. 86, 120, 124; II. 146 sqq., 225.

Transmigration, II. 230.

Treasure, buried, I. 282; guarded by Bhûts, I. 282; discovered by human sacrifice, II. 170; guarded by snakes, I. 282; II. 134; speaking, II. 135; in tanks, I. 60; underground, I. 289.

Tree, growing from bones, II. 88; burial in, II. 85; caution in climbing, II. 77; prejudice against cutting, II. 90; bearing fruit and flowers at the same time, II. 88; ghosts, I. 243; II. 77; connected with places, II. 92; influencing rain, II. 90; marriages, II. 115; married to a well, II. 86; abode of Râkshasas, II. 84; serpent worship, II. 83 sq.; sprites, II. 92; which talks, II. 89; spirits giving rain, II. 84.

Trinâvartta, a tempest demon, I. 78.

Tripurâ, worship of, I. 95.

Trisanku, legend of, I. 38, 41, 94.

Tughlaq, the Emperor, I. 228.

Tûkarâm, worship of, I. 196.

Tulasi plant, the, I. 21; II. 110; married to the Sâlagrâma, I. 49; to a Brâhman, II. 116.

Tulasi Dâs, worship of, I. 85, 196.

Tuljâ Bhawâni, worship of, I. 155.

Tumour, charm to remove, I. 160.

Turi tribe, respect for the bamboo, II. 113.

Turkin, a form of Sîtalâ, I. 126.

Turquoise, a sacred stone, II. 18.

Turmeric, a protective, I. 237; II. 29.

Tushtî, a Mother, I. 112.

U.

Uchchaisravas, a horse, II. 204.

Uchla tribe, death rites, II. 39.

Uj, legend of, I. 223.

Ujalî Mâta, worship of, I. 127.

Umâ, legend of, I. 12.

Umbar, a sacred tree, II. 97.

Umbilical cord, the, II. 38.

Umbrella, use of, II. 24.

Uncle, appeal to, I. 249; a name for the moon, I. 14.

Undine, I. 45.

Unsained children, II. 13.

Urad, a sacred grain, I. 77, 80, 147; II. 27.

Urân Khatola, the, II. 206.

Urine, of the cow, II. 28.

Urvasî, legend of, I. 265.

Ushas, worship of, I. 2, 5; II. 303.

Uttara Kuru, a paradise, I. 60.

V.

Vaddar tribe, respect for the boar, II. 158; theory of disease, I. 124.

Vâggayya tribe, dog worship, II. 221.

Vâhana, a vehicle, II. 156.

Vaishnavî, a Mother, I. 112.

Vaitaranî river, the, I. 40; II. 55.

Vajrakîta insect, the, II. 165.

Vaka, legend of, I. 250.

Vala, legend of, I. 255.

Vallabhâchârya sect, marriage with a god, II. 118.

Vâlmîki, worship of, I. 195.

Vampire, the, I. 243; II. 263.

Vanadurgâ, worship of, I. 95.

Varâha, the boar incarnation, I. 35; II. 156.

Vârâhî, the Mother, 112.

Vârli tribe, recalling the ghost, II. 71.

Varuna, a rain god, I. 2; vehicle of, II. 156.

Varunî, worship of, II. 125.

Vasavas, the, I. 36.

Vasishtha, a sage, I. 38, 196.

Vastra-harana tree, the, I. 161.

Vasudeva, worship of, II. 98.

Vâsuki, the snake god, II. 131.

Vasunemi, a snake god, II. 131.

Vata, a sacred tree, II. 98.

Vayda tribe, totemism, II. 154.

Vâyu, worship of, I. 2; II. 156.

Vehicles, of the gods, II. 156.

Vena Râja, I. 39. 128, 146.

Veni Mâdhava, worship of, I. 39.

Vermilion, a protective, II. 21.

Vessels, cleaned with earth, I. 29; replaced after a death, II. 74.

Vetâla, the, I. 94, 148, 149, 243; II. 76.

Vijayâ, a Mother, I. 112.

Vikramaditya, II. 208.

Village, abandoned, I. 101, 282; godlings, I. 83, 96; ill-omened, II. 53; overturned by a curse, I. 217; shrines, I. 96.

Vinatâ, legend of, II. 127.

Vindhyabâsini Devî, worship of, I. 63, 198.

Vindhyan hills, respect for, I. 63.

Vinjân, a hill goddess, I. 63.

Vîrabhadra, legend of, I. 12.

Virgin employed in working charms, I. 28, 77, 79.

Visaladeva, legend of, I. 252.

Vishnu, head of, worshipped, I. 94; identified with Bhûmiya, I. 107; sleep of, II. 299; vehicle of, II. 156; worship of, I. 3, 84, 209.

Vishnupada, worship of, II. 199.

Visrânti Srâddha, rite, II. 61.

Visvakarma, legend of, I. 5.

Visvamitra, a sage, I. 38.

Volcanic fire, the, II. 197.

Vomiting caused by Râkshasas, I. 248.

Vrihaspati, legend of, I. 14.

Vrishakâpi, the monkey, I. 85.

Vrishotsarga rite, the, II. 234.

Vritra, the weather dragon, I. 255; II. 123.

Vulture, a vehicle, II. 156.

Vyâsa, legend of, I. 38; worship of, I. 195.

W.

Wâgh Deo, worship of, II. 213.

Wagtail, the, II. 248.

Waking the dead, II. 76.

Wall shaking, I. 223.

Warden deities, I. 84.

Warren Hastings, ghost of, II. 82.

Warts, charming of, I. 15.

Washerman, ghost of, I. 133; omens from, II. 50.

Watching the corpse, II. 76.

Water, burying of, I. 78; demons, I. 42; of the Ganges, I. 37; god, I. 47; holes, danger of looking into, I. 43; horse, I. 44; a protective, II. 25; of wells curing disease, I. 50.

Waterfalls, I. 53.

Waving rite, the, I. 239; II. 23.

Wayland Smith, I. 280.

Weapon fetishes, II. 185.

Wearing the Rose, II. 294.

Weasel, omens from, II. 48.

Weather, demoniacal control of, I. 67.

Weddings, godling of, I. 119, 139.

Well, of death, II. 215; digging of, I. 48; folk-lore of, I. 48; connected with the Ganges, I. 51; discovery by goats, I. 51; of life, I. 47; magic, I. 210; marriage of, I. 49; connected with rainfall, I. 52; omens from, I. 53; worship of, I. 11, 51.

Werewolf, the, II. 211, 281.

Whirlpools, the haunt of demons, I. 43.

Whirlwind, the, I. 78, 80 sqq.; godling of, I. 88, 267.

White, a protective colour, II. 28.

Whooping cough, charm to cure, I. 164; II. 207.

Whuppity Stoorie, II. 5.

Wild dogs, II. 223.

Wild huntsman, the, I. 261.

Will-o’-the-Wisp, I. 261; II. 197.

Wind enclosed in a sack, I. 67.

Winnowing, II. 308; basket fetish, II. 189.

Witch, the, II. 259; charm against, I. 150; extracting parts of the body, II. 268; in folk-lore, II. 263; haunts of, II. 283; ordeals, II. 271; punishment of, II. 280; seasons, II. 266; causing cholera, I. 143; or tempests, I. 80; tests of, II. 272; as tigers, II. 267.

Witchcraft, by means of images, II. 278; instruction in, II. 264.

Wolf, children. II. 153; omens from, II. 49; totemism, II. 153; prejudice against killing, I. 75.

Woli, a hail charmer, I. 80.

Women, exposed to Bhûts, I. 235; excluded from worship, I. 33; II. 257; loved by Bhûts, I. 238; rites confined to, I. 69, 92, 204; saint of, I. 204.