Chapter XI · NOTES
Reading edition
“The free masses are sung,
The bells have rung,
The Gospel is read,
The worm in my teeth shall be dead.”
Von Wlislocki, Siebenb. Sachs., 106. This is neither Transplantation nor the ill-using of a god.
Notes in this chapter
Note 1 · Pausanias, ii. 11. A representation of the dedicated lock was sometimes carved in stone upon a tablet and presented to the shrine. In the MaNote 2 · As to the dedication of hair, see Bötticher, 92 et seqq., to which I am indebted for most of the above illustrations.Note 3 · Wilken, Haaropfer, 39, 40, 56; Robertson Smith, Rel. Sem., 305.Note 4 · Andree, i. Ethnog. Par., 150.Note 5 · Zingerle, Sagen, 470.Note 6 · Knoop, Sagen aus Posen, 182. According to another story, this wonderful hair was the gift of a noble lady as the most beautiful thing she haNote 7 · Gaidoz, in vii. Mélusine, 84, quoting M. Auricoste de Lazarque, an eye-witness.Note 8 · i. De Nino, 49.Note 9 · Scot, 165 (l. xi., c. 15).Note 10 · Pettigrew, 40.Note 11 · Von Wlislocki, Volksgl. Mag., 22.Note 12 · Garnett, i. Wom., 73.Note 13 · i. Ainsworth, 260.Note 14 · De Gubernatis, i. Myth. Plantes, 160 note.Note 15 · Crooke, 231, quoting Col. Tod’s Annals.Note 16 · Wilken, Haaropfer, 55, citing Sir Monier Williams, Religious Life and Thought in India, 375.Note 17 · Featherman, Turanians, 269.Note 18 · Ellis, Tour, 325.Note 19 · i. Macdonald, 109, 111.Note 20 · Featherman, Nigr., 162.Note 21 · i. Rep. Bur. Ethn., 159.Note 22 · Andree, i. Ethnog. Par., 151, 152; i. Rep. Bur. Ethn., passim.Note 23 · Browning, Artemis Prologizes.Note 24 · Ploss, i. Kind, 15, citing Mörenhout.Note 25 · ii. Bartsch, 45; ii. Witzschel, 249.Note 26 · Scot, 165, quoting, apparently, Martin of Arles. Compare the Bosnian customs, mentioned suprà, vol. i. p. 152.Note 27 · Dr. Paul Aubry, in vii. Rev. Trad. Pop., 599.Note 28 · Liebrecht, in Gerv. Tilb., 240, quoting Thiers.Note 29 · v. Journ. Am. F.L., 108, 242; ix. Rep. Bur. Ethn., 572.Note 30 · ii. Zeits. des Vereins, 168. See the monkish MS. of the miracles of Simon de Montfort, printed by the Camden Soc., passim.Note 31 · C. A. White, in vii. N. and Q., 8th ser., 6, quoting a book the authorship and bibliography of which are still to seek.Note 32 · Grimm, Teut. Myth., 1757. A votive offering still not uncommon is a candle of the size or weight of the person who, or on whose behalf, the Note 33 · B. H. Chamberlain, in xxii. Journ. Anthr. Inst., 364.Note 34 · i. Doolittle, 115.Note 35 · Capt. Bourke, in ix. Rep. Bur. Ethn., 556, quoting several authorities.Note 36 · Ibid., 572. Saint Francis’ is not the only image thus made useful. See v. Journ. Am. F.L., 242; vii. 135.Note 37 · Pineau, 508. In Brittany, bread rubbed on the statue of Saint Gildas is given to cattle and horses, and even eaten by human beings as a prevNote 38 · Casalis, 267.Note 39 · Von Wlislocki, Volksgl. Mag., 22.Note 40 · Journal of Thomas Dineley, in i. Journ. Kilk. Arch. Soc., N.S., 180.Note 41 · Miss Godden, in iv. Folklore, 502, quoting Dr. Reeves. In Iceland, a preventive of sea-sickness is a sod from the churchyard worn in the shoNote 42 · v. Rep. Bur. Ethn., 426; ix. 473; ii. Folklore, 442. Compare the Apache use of hoddentin, the pollen of the tule-rush. ix. Rep. Bur. Ethn., Note 43 · This intention, however, is by no means universal. Some instances to the contrary have already been given. I may add to them that in BelgiumNote 44 · Kolbe, 163.Note 45 · My authority for this statement is a paper read by Professor Kovalevsky at the British Association meeting at Oxford, August 1894, and not yNote 46 · G. Ferraro, in xiii. Archivio, 3.Note 47 · ii. F.L. Journ., 349.Note 48 · Addy, 115.Note 49 · On the blood-covenant, the three chief authorities are Robertson Smith, Kinship; and Rel. Sem.; Trumbull; and Strack. Prof. Robertson Smith Note 50 · Stoll, 47; iii. Bancroft, 486, citing Carta; Trumbull, 90, citing various authorities. Similarly, De Acosta describes the practice when at aNote 51 · Tibullus, i. Eleg., vi. 45.Note 52 · i. Heimskringla, 165.Note 53 · i. Risley, 504, 535, and other places. The daubing of the wooden casing of the well with red lead is one of the village ceremonies at the SaNote 54 · J. B. Andrews, in ix. Rev. Trad. Pop., 115.Note 55 · P. Sébillot, in ix. Rev. Trad. Pop., 170.Note 56 · Arnason, i. Sagen, 192. Feilberg, in iii. Am Urquell, 5, quotes it as menstrual blood. Very likely this is correct; but the German version, Note 57 · Von Wlislocki, Volksgl. Zig., 110, 123, 124; Schiffer, in iii. Am Urquell, 200, citing Rulikowski; viii. Rev. Trad. Pop., 487.Note 58 · Strack, 51, quoting Mannhardt.Note 59 · Grimm, Teut. Myth., 1833 (a Swedish prescription from Hülphers, given in English by Thorpe, ii. N. Myth., 113). Several modern English casesNote 60 · Von Wlislocki, in iii. Am Urquell, 64.Note 61 · Featherman, Aoneo-Mar., 60.Note 62 · Featherman, Chiapo-Mar., 355.Note 63 · Powell, 92. Cf. the Australian custom. ii. Curr, 52.Note 64 · H. Vos, in iii. Internat. Arch., 72.Note 65 · i. Crantz, 193.Note 66 · Dr. M. Pasquarelli, in i. Rivista, 640, citing several cases.Note 67 · Du Chaillu, Ashango-land, 199, 201.Note 68 · Von Wlislocki, in iii. Am Urquell, 64.Note 69 · Arnason, i. Sagen, 20.Note 70 · Mr. Paton, in letter to me dated 25th May 1894.Note 71 · ii. Risley, 41.Note 72 · ii. Risley, 49.Note 73 · Featherman, Papuo-Mel., 333.Note 74 · Herod. iii. 11.Note 75 · Diodorus, xxii.Note 76 · i. Panjab N. and Q., 122.Note 77 · Markham, Rites and Laws, 25, 28.Note 78 · Burton, Wit and Wisd., 450.Note 79 · Von Wlislocki, Volksdicht., 250.Note 80 · v. L’Anthropologie, 352, citing and reviewing E. C. Taintor, Les aborigènes du nord de Formose.Note 81 · Krauss, Sitte und Brauch, 630. The old Norsemen seem to have made leagues by drinking together. See Morris, ii. Heimskringla, 105.Note 82 · i. Casati, 217.Note 83 · Saxo, 23; Elton’s version, xxxiii and 28; Du Chaillu, ii. Viking Age, 64, quoting the saga of Egil and Asmund.Note 84 · Herod. iii. 8. It may be observed, in reference to Herodotus’ identification of Alilat with Urania, that Allatu (? = Alilat) appears to be tNote 85 · Robertson Smith, Rel. Sem., 297.Note 86 · Livingstone, Miss. Travels, 489.Note 87 · Kuno Meyer, in i. Arch. Rev., 304, translating the saga.Note 88 · Finamore, Trad. Pop. Abr., 172.Note 89 · i. Bancroft, 636, citing Father Joseph Arlegui.Note 90 · Featherman, Papuo-Mel., 281.Note 91 · Lewin, 228, 315, 322.Note 92 · vii. Mélusine, 76, quoting Annales Apostoliques, July 1894.Note 93 · i. Risley, lviii. ii. 16, 111.Note 94 · Caroline Islanders, Featherman, Oceano-Mel., 348; La Pérouse Islanders, Ibid., Papuo-Mel., 95.Note 95 · i. De Nino, 51. As to the blood-rite in modern Italy, see Strack, 12; Finamore, Trad. Pop. Abruz., 101.Note 96 · Krauss, Sitte und Brauch, 633.Note 97 · Congress Report (1891), 249, et seqq. Cf. the Apache ceremony of spitting in a hole made in the ground at concluding a peace. iii. Journ. AmNote 98 · Mrs. F. D. Bergen, in iii. Journ. Am. F.L., 51.Note 99 · Persius, Sat. ii. 31. Lustration with spittle was also part of the rites of purification in the Mysteries. Anrich, 211.Note 100 · Von Wlislocki, Siebenb. Sachs., 144.Note 101 · De Mensignac, 59, 61, 58; Garnett, ii. Wom., 475; Hillner, 21; Kaindl, 5; Sajaktis, in iv. Zeits. des Vereins, 139.Note 102 · Extracts from the Journal of Thomas Dineley, Esq., in i. Journ. Kilk. Arch. Soc., N.S., 182; Prof. Haddon, in iv. Folklore, 361, 358; Dr. C.Note 103 · iv. Folklore, 357.Note 104 · iii. Am Urquell, 55.Note 105 · Ockley, 351.Note 106 · Mungo Park, 246; De Mensignac, 10, citing Anne Raffenel, Nouveau Voyage, and Abel Houvelacque, Les Nègres.Note 107 · Winwood Reade, 46.Note 108 · Burton, i. Gelele, 259.Note 109 · De Mensignac, 12, quoting Anne Raffenel. Mr. Crombie cites from Burckhardt, a similar custom among the Bedouin. If a thief be caught and abuNote 110 · De Mensignac, 22. A similar record by Peters is quoted by W. Simpson, Sikh Initiation, 5.Note 111 · Paulitschke, 246. Cf. the Pueblo story of the reason why all the Hano can talk Hopí and none of the Hopitah can talk Hano. viii. Rep. Bur. ENote 112 · Paulitschke, 206.Note 113 · De Mensignac, 9.Note 114 · Casalis, 306.Note 115 · Addy, 59.Note 116 · De Mensignac, 12, citing Réville. I have mislaid a reference to a more direct authority. Cf. the practice in the Cordilleras mentioned on p.Note 117 · ii. Brand, 572 note. The practice is a very familiar one. A variant practice is to spit on the first money received in the New Year. This isNote 118 · Monseur, 90.Note 119 · Lubbock, 97, citing Franklin; Addy, 94.Note 120 · Von Wlislocki, Siebenb. Sachs., 159.Note 121 · Grimm, Teut. Myth., 1847.Note 122 · De Mensignac, 66.Note 123 · Tuchmann, in vi. Mélusine, 231.Note 124 · De Mensignac, 66.Note 125 · vi. Rep. Bur. Ethn., 374.Note 126 · De Mensignac, 77.Note 127 · iii. Am Urquell, 55, 56.Note 128 · De Mensignac, 54, 69.Note 129 · Du Chaillu, Equatorial Africa, 430. Blowing alone appears in the Bakalai ceremony. Ibid., 393. Blowing here, as in other cases, seems a subsNote 130 · ix. Rep. Bur. Ethn., 574, quoting Major Cornwallis Harris.Note 131 · Anrich, 210.Note 132 · Kane, 407. Cf. the charms for rendering dogs faithful given ante, pp. 124, 127.Note 133 · Winwood Reade, 131.Note 134 · iii. Am Urquell, 57.Note 135 · v. Journ. Am. F.L., 183.Note 136 · Scot, 219; iii. Am Urquell, 56; Liebrecht, in Gerv. Tilb. 220; Pliny, xxviii. 7.Note 137 · i. Binger, 194.Note 138 · Kane, 216.Note 139 · Theocritus, xx. Cf. vi., where the object is expressly to ward off the Evil Eye.Note 140 · Pliny, xxviii. 7. Cf. the Italian custom mentioned by De Mensignac, 56.Note 141 · ii. Brand, 573 note. See ante, pp. 67, 132.Note 142 · i. Rivista, 618; ii. 155.Note 143 · iii. Am Urquell, 57. The Girondins also spit on the wads of their wooden shoes before flinging them out, to avoid the fourcat, a kind of corNote 144 · Von Wlislocki, Siebenb. Sachs., 110, 116.Note 145 · iii. Am Urquell, 108.Note 146 · Georgeakis, 343.Note 147 · v. Journ. Am. F.L., 63.Note 148 · Pliny, xxviii. 7; xvii. Pitrè, 243; xv. 136.Note 149 · De Mensignac, 61.Note 150 · Tuchmann, in vi. Mélusine, 86.Note 151 · iii. Am Urquell, 57; De Mensignac, 54; Pliny, xxviii. 7. An elaborate counter-spell to the Evil Eye still extant in Calabria is detailed by Note 152 · Haddon and Browne, in ii. Proc. Roy. Ir. Ac., 3rd ser., 819.Note 153 · vii. Journ. Am. F.L., 126.Note 154 · Pigorini-Beri, 40; Tuchmann, in vi. Mélusine, 108.Note 155 · Prof. Mikhailovskii, translated by O. Wardrop, in xxiv. Journ. Anthr. Inst., 97.Note 156 · Emil Hassler, in Mem. Cong. Anthr., 356.Note 157 · S. K. Kusnezow, in viii. Internat. Arch., 21.Note 158 · F. H. Wells, in v. Rep. Austr. Ass., 518.Note 159 · Suetonius, Vit. Vesp., vii.; Tacitus, Hist., iv. 81.Note 160 · Dalyell, 76, citing St. Jerome’s Life of Saint Hilarion.Note 161 · ii. Doolittle, 373, 374.Note 162 · Campbell, Khondistan, 112.Note 163 · Simpson, Sikh Initiation, 5, quoting Wolf. Dr. Karl Piehl gives two curious extracts from the inscription on the tomb of Pepi II., an EgyptiNote 164 · Herod., iii. 38, 99.Note 165 · Ibid., i. 216; iv. 26. Father Favre identifies the Padaioi with the Battas of Sumatra (Favre, Wild Tribes, 5), and Major Rennell the IssedonNote 166 · Strabo, xi. 11, § 8; iv. 5, § 4.Note 167 · Marco Polo, lxi.Note 168 · Marco Polo, clxxvi.Note 169 · Maundeville, xviii., xix., xxxi.Note 170 · iii. Mélusine, 505, citing Friar Jean du Plan de Carpin and others; Vos, in iii. Internat. Archiv, 70, citing Plan de Carpin and another FraNote 171 · In Asia. Certain tribes of the interior of Siam, Barbosa, 190; the Birhors of Chutia Nágpúr (Bengal), Dalton, 158, 220; iii. Mélusine, 409;