Part 2 — BIBLIOGRAPHY

This bibliography is intended merely as an aid to those who wish to carry on further studies of the topics covered by this book. It is in no sense complete. The publications listed are for the most part only those to which reference is made in the Notes. Enough, but only enough, additional information is given about each entry to enable the reader to identify it. In the case of original sources the attempt has been made to refer to modern critical editions, and only to manuscripts or early printed editions where modern critical editions are lacking. More complete bibliographical information may be obtained from the publications discussed on pp. 491–493 above.

The arrangement is alphabetical by authors and, in the case of anonymous works, by the first important word in the titles. (Collections of sources are in general placed under the editor’s name.) The names of authors of original sources, or the titles in the case of anonymous original sources or collections of sources, are given in capital letters, the former in Roman, the latter in italic type. The names of authors of modern, secondary studies are set in small letters in Roman type. Different works by the same ancient, Arabic, or medieval author are listed together in the same entry and are indicated by Roman numerals. Different works by the same modern author are listed separately and are arranged chronologically.

Cross-references within the Bibliography are, as in the Notes, given in abbreviated form. The full titles of the works referred to will be found in the Bibliography in their proper places.

For a topical discussion of the bibliography of ancient and medieval geography, see the Bibliographical Note above.

ABDIAS, PSEUDO-. Abdiae, Babyloniae primi episcopi, ab apostolis constituti, De historia certaminis apostolici libri X, Julio Africano interprete. Paris, 1551, 1560, 1566, etc.

ABELARD, PETER. I. Expositio in hexaemeron, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxxviii, cols. 731–784. II. Sermones, in: Migne, op. cit., cols. 379–610. III. Sic et non, in: Migne, op. cit., cols. 1329–1610.

ABŪ-L-FIDĀ. Géographie d’Aboulféda, traduite de l’arabe en français. Vol. i (Paris, 1848) of this work, by J. T. Reinaud, is a general introduction to Moslem geography. Vol. ii, pt. 1 (Paris, 1848), forms the first part of the French translation and is also by J. T. Reinaud. Vol. ii, pt. 2 (Paris, 1883), contains the second part of the translation and is by Stanislas Guyard.

ABŪ MAʿSHAR (ALBUMASAR). The Great Book of the Introduction. This was translated into Latin by Hermann the Dalmatian and by John of Seville. The title of Hermann’s translation reads in the manuscript Liber introductorius in astrologiam (see Haskins, Studies, 1924, p. 45); editions printed in Venice, 1489, 1495, 1506, bear the title Introductorium in astronomiam (see Duhem, Système, vol. iii, 1915, p. 174, note 6, and Haskins, loc. cit.)

504ACTS OF THE APOSTLES, APOCRYPHAL. Acta apostolorum apocrypha ... etc., edited by L. F. C. von Tischendorf, Leipzig, 1851. Acta apostolorum apocrypha post Constantinum Tischendorf denuo ediderunt R. A. Lipsius et [A.] M. Bonnet, Leipzig, 1891–1903. Acts of Thomas in vol. ii, pt. 2, of this edition. English translation by M. R. James, The Apocryphal New Testament, Oxford University Press, 1924.

ADAM OF BREMEN. Gesta Hammenburgensis (or Hammaburgensis) ecclesiae pontificum (also called Historia ecclesiastica, or Bremensium praesulum historia), edited by J. M. Lappenberg, in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. vii, 1846, pp. 280–389, and in: Scriptores rerum germ. in usum scholarum, Hanover, 1876.

See Björnbo, A. A.; Kohlmann, P. W.; Krabbo, Nordeuropa, 1909.

ADELARD OF BATH. I. De eodem et diverso, edited by Hans Willner, in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters, vol. iv, pt. I, Münster, 1903. II. Quaestiones naturales. There is no modern edition of the text of this work. An English translation is found in Gollancz, Dodi ve-Nechdi, 1920, pp. 87–161. The references in the present work are to the chapters as numbered in the Louvain incunabulum, ap. 1484, Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris (shelf-mark “Rés. R. 900”). In parentheses are given references to the chapters as numbered in the twelfth-century manuscript, Bibliothèque Nationale, fonds latin, no. 6415. For further bibliographical references, see Haskins, Adelard, 1911, p. 493; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 26. III. Translation of Khorazmian Tables. In MSS. only. See Haskins, loc. cit.; KHWĀRIZMĪ, Al-, II.

Adler, M. N. See BENJAMIN OF TUDELA.

ADVENTU, DE, PATRIARCHAE INDORUM AD URBEM SUB CALISTO PAPA II. In: Zarncke, Priester Johannes, Erste Abhandlung, in: Abhandlungen, vol. vii, 1879, pp. 837–843 (also numbered 11–17).

AETHICUS OF ISTRIA. Cosmographia Aethici Istrici, edited by H. Wuttke, Leipzig, 1854.

AGRIPPA. Map of the world. See Detlefsen, D.; Lessert, C. P. de.

Ainsworth, W. F. See PETACHIA OF RATISBON.

ALAN OF LILLE. I. De planctu naturae, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. ccx, cols. 430–482. English translation by D. M. Moffat, The Complaint of Nature by Alain of Lille, New York, 1908. II. Anticlaudianus, in: Migne, op. cit., cols. 482–576.

Al-BATTĀNĪ, Al-FARGHĀNĪ, and other Arabic names beginning with the article Al. See under first letter of main part of name.

ALBERTUS MAGNUS (OF BOLLSTADT). Opera omnia, edited by Petrus Jammy, 21 vols., Lyons, 1651. Also an edition by Augustus Borgnet, 38 vols., Paris, 1890–1899 (not seen).

For brief discussion of the geographical works, see above p. 406, note 93.

ALBUMASAR. See ABŪ MAʿSHAR.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF. I. Pseudo-Callisthenes, edited by C. Müller and included in a volume with F. Dübner’s edition of Arrian’s Anabasis and Indica, Paris, 1846 (also 1877). II. Julius Valerius, Res gesta Alexandri Macedoniae II, edited by B. Kübler, Leipzig, 1888. III. Epitoma Julii Valerii, edited by J. Zacher in his Pseudo-Callisthenes: Forschungen zur Kritik und Geschichte 505der ältesten Aufzeichnung der Alexandersage, Halle, 1867. See De Julii Valerii epitoma oxoniense, by G. G. Cillie (Dissertation, University of Strasburg, 1905). IV. Epistola ad Aristotelem de mirabilibus Indiae, edited by F. Pfister in his: Kleine Texte zum Alexanderroman, Heidelberg, 1910. See also Thorndike, Magic, 1923, vol. i, pp. 555–556, footnote 2. V. Historia de praeliis of Leo Archipresbyter. See Landgraf, G. VI. Iter ad Paradisum, edited by J. Zacher, Regimonti (Königsberg), 1859 (not seen). VII. The Romance in alexandrines: Li romans d’Alixandre par Lambert li Tors et Alexandre de Bernay, edited by Heinrich Michelant, in: Bibliothek des Literarischen Vereins in Stuttgart, vol. xiii, 1846; F. le Court de la Villethassetz and E. Talbot, Alexandriade ou chanson de geste d’Alexandre le Grand, de Lambert le Court et Alexandre de Bernay, Dinan, Huart, and Paris, 1861.

See Meyer, P. For further references to texts and secondary works on Oriental versions see Thorndike, Magic, 1923, vol. i, pp. 551–552.

ALEXANDER NECKAM. See NECKAM, ALEXANDER.

ALEXANDER III (Pope). See PRESTER JOHN, III.

ALEXANDRE DE BERNAI. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, VII.

ALEXANDRIADE. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, VII.

ALFRAGANUS. See FARGHĀNĪ, Al-.

ALFRED THE GREAT. See Geidel, H.

ALFRED OF SARESHEL. I. De motu cordis. Extracts were published by C. S. Barach in: Bibliotheca philosophorum mediae aetatis, vol. ii, Innsbruck, 1878. II. Liber de congelatis. Baeumker, Alfred von Sareshel, 1913, p. 27, note, states that this work was printed under the title Avicennae de congelatione et conglutinatione lapidum, in: Theatrum chemicum, praecipuos selectorum auctorum tractatus de chemiae et lapidis philosophici ... etc., vol. iv, Argentorati (Strasburg), 1659, pp. 883–887 (not seen), and that it was also printed in: Gebri, régis Arabum ... summa perfectionis Magisterii, in sua natura ... denique libri Investigationis Magisterii et Testamenti eiusdem Gebri ac aurei Trium Verborum libelli et Avicennae ... mineralium additione castigatissimi, “Gedani” (Danzig), 1682, pp. 245–253 (not seen).

See Baeumker, C.

Almagià, Roberto. La dottrina della marea nell’antichità classica e nel medio evo, in: Memorie della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche, e naturali, series 5, vol. v, Rome, 1905, pp. 375–514. (Also printed separately.)

The most authoritative study of the history of theories of the tides in ancient and medieval times.

ALPETRAGIUS. See BITRŪJĪ, Al-.

ALPHONSI, PETER (PETRUS ANFUSI). Dialogus cum Judeo. Bibliothèque Nationale MSS., fonds latin, no. 10722, fols. 3ff.; also in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clvii, cols. 527–706.

Amari, M. Storia dei Musulmani di Sicilia, 3 vols., Florence, 1854–1872.

Contains material on Edrisi and earlier Moslem geographers of Sicily.

506AMBROISE. L’Estoire de la guerre sainte: Histoire en vers de la troisième croisade, edited by Gaston Paris, Paris, 1897.

ANAXIMANDER. See Heidel, W. A.

Anderson, R. B. See SNORRI STURLUSON, II.

Andriani, Giuseppe. La carta dialettologica d’Italia secondo Dante in: Atti dell’ VIII Congresso Geografico Italiano, vol. ii, Florence, 1923, pp. 255–263.

ANFUSI, PETRUS. See ALPHONSI, PETER.

ANONYMOUS. See under initial letter of first important word of title.

ANTIQUITATES AMERICANAE. See Rafn, C. C.

ARI FRODHI. Íslendingabók. For editions see Hermannsson, Bibl. Icelandic Sagas, 1908, pp. 56–59. English translation in: Vigfusson and York Powell, Origines Islandicae, vol. i, 1905, pp. 279–306.

ARISTARCHUS OF SAMOS. See Heath, T.

ARISTOTLE. Aristoteles, graece (et latine, interpretibus variis), ex recensione Imm. Bekkeri, edidit Academia Regia Borussica, 5 vols., Berlin, 1830–1870. This is the best general edition of the Greek text of the works of Aristotle and is known as the Berlin edition. It was reprinted with the title Aristotelis opera, graece, ex recensione Imm. Bekkeri, accedunt indices sylburgiani, 11 vols., Oxford, 1837. There is also the following useful edition with Latin translations: Aristotelis opera omnia, graece et latine, cum indice nominum et rerum absolutissimo, 5 vols., Paris (Firmin-Didot), 1848–1886. An English translation is appearing entitled: The Works of Aristotle, Translated into English, Oxford (Clarendon Press), 1908ff.; in this the De caelo (translated by J. L. Stocks), 1922, De generatione et corruptione (translated by H. H. Joachim), 1922, the spurious De mundo (translated by E. S. Forster), 1914, and the Meteorologica (translated by E. W. Webster), 1923, have appeared, together with other works of lesser geographical interest. The best Greek text of the Meteorology is that of F. H. Fobes, Aristotelis meteorologicorum libri quattuor, Cambridge, Mass., 1919.

See also Duhem, Du temps, 1909; Endrös, A.; Fobes, F. H.; Grabmann, M.; Hammer-Jensen, I.; Jourdain, A.; Jourdain, C. B., Infl. d’Aristote, 1861; von Lippmann, E. O.; Lones, T. E.; Mandonnet, P.

ARNOLD OF CHARTRES. De sex dierum operibus, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxxxix, cols. 1513–1570.

ARNOLD OF LÜBECK. Chronica Slavorum, edited by J. M. Lappenberg, in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. xxi, pp. 115–250, and in: Scriptores rerum germ. in usum scholarum, Hanover, 1868.

ARNOLD THE SAXON. Encyclopedic work published in part by Valentin Rose, Aristoteles de lapidibus und Arnoldus Saxo, in: Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum, vol. xviii (new series, vol. vi), Berlin 1875, pp. 424–454.

See Stange, E.

Asher, A. See BENJAMIN OF TUDELA.

ATHELHARD. See ADELARD OF BATH; KHWĀRIZMĪ, Al-, II.

AUGUSTINE, Saint. Works in Migne, Pat. lat., vols. xxxii-xlvii. Also in part in Corpus script. eccl. lat.

AVERROËS. See IBN RUSHD.

Avezac, [Armand] d’. Coup d’oeuil historique sur la projection des cartes de géographie, in: Bulletin de la Société de Géographie de Paris, series 5075, vol. v, 1863, pp. 257–361, 438–485. (Also printed separately, Paris, 1863.)

Still the classical and probably the most satisfactory treatment of the subject.

AVICENNA (IBN SINĀ). See ALFRED OF SARESHEL, II; IBN SINĀ; and above, p. 401, note 60.

Babcock, W. H. Saint Brendan’s Explorations and Islands, in: Geographical Review, vol. viii, New York, 1919, pp. 37–46.

Babcock, W. H. Legendary Islands of the Atlantic (American Geographical Society Research Series, no. 8), New York, 1922.

BACON, ROGER. I. The Opus majus of Roger Bacon, edited by J. H. Bridges, 3 vols., Oxford, 1897–1900. II. Opus minus, Opus tertium, Compendium philosophiae, edited by J. S. Brewer, in: Fr. Rogeri Bacon opera quaedam hactenus inedita (Rolls Series, no. 15), London, 1859. III. Communia naturalium, edited by Robert Steele, in: Opera hactenus inedita Rogeri Baconi, fascs. ii, iii, iv, Oxford, 1905, 1911, 1913. IV. Secretum secretorum, edited by Robert Steele, op. cit., fasc. v, Oxford, 1920.

See Bridges, J. H.; Little, A. G.; Steele, R.; Werner, Kosm. Roger Baco, 1879.

Baeumker, Clemens. Die Stellung des Alfred von Sareshel (Alfredus Anglicus) und seiner Schrift De motu cordis in der Wissenschaft des beginnenden XIII. Jahrhunderts, in: Koeniglich-bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, Philosophisch-philologische und historische Klasse, Munich, 1913, Abhandlung 9. (Also published separately, Munich, 1913.)

Barthold, W. Die geographische und historische Erforschung des Orients mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der russischen Arbeiten (Quellen und Forschungen zur Erd- und Kulturkunde herausgegeben von R. Strube, vol. viii), Leipzig, 1913.

Summary of the history of relations between Orient and Occident to the nineteenth century. Extensive bibliographies.

BARTHOLOMEW ANGLICUS. De proprietatibus rerum. There is no modern edition. Translations of extracts will be found in: Robert Steele, Mediaeval Lore, London, 1907.

BATTĀNĪ, Al-. Astronomy. Arabic text with Latin translation and commentary in C. A. Nallino, Al-Battānī sive Albatenii opus astronomicum, in: Pubblicazioni del Reale Osservatorio di Brera in Milano, no. xl, pts. 1–3, Milan, 1899–1907.

See PLATO OF TIVOLI.

Baur, L. Der Einfluss des Robert Grosseteste auf die wissenschaftliche Richtung des Roger Bacon, in: Little, Roger Bacon Essays, 1914, pp. 33–54.

Beazley, C. R. The Dawn of Modern Geography, 3 vols., London, 1897–1906.

This, the most extensive and satisfactory work on medieval geography as a whole, covers the period from 300 to 1420 A. D. The main emphasis is laid upon the history of discovery and exploration. The study of the geographical science of the latter part of the Middle Ages is relatively brief (see above, p. 498).

BEDE, The Venerable. I. De natura rerum, edited by J. A. Giles, The Complete Works of the Venerable Bede (Bedae opera quae supersunt omnia), vol. vi, London, 1843, pp. 99–138. Also in Migne, Pat. lat., 508vol. xc, cols. 187–278. II. De temporum ratione, edited by Giles, op. cit., pp. 139–342. Also in Migne, op. cit., vol. xc, cols. 293–578. III. Hexaemeron, sive libri quatuor in principium Genesis, in: Migne, op. cit., vol. xci, cols. 9–190.

See above, p. 387, note 68.

[BENEDICT OF PETERBOROUGH.] I. Gesta regis Henrici II; II. Gesta regis Ricardi; both in: The Chronicle of the Reigns of Henry II and Richard I, A. D. 1169–1192, edited by William Stubbs (Rolls Series, no. 49), 2 vols., London, 1867.

These two works have been erroneously ascribed to Benedict of Peterborough.

Benini, R. Origine, sito, forma e dimensioni del Monte del Purgatorio e dell’Inferno dantesco, in: Rendiconti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche, series 5, vol. xxv, Rome, 1917, pp. 1015–1129.

This important study of the cosmography of Dante came to the present writer’s attention when this book was in press.

Benisch, A. See PETACHIA OF RATISBON.

BENJAMIN OF TUDELA. The Itinerary of Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, text and English translation by A. Asher, 2 vols., London and Berlin, 1840–1841; The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela, critical text, English translation, and commentary, edited by M. N. Adler, London, 1907.

See Borchardt, P.; Zunz, —.

Benl, Oskar. Frühere und spätere Hypothesen über die regelmässige Anordnung der Erdgebirge nach bestimmten Himmelsrichtungen (Dissertation, University of Munich, 1905).

Berger, Hugo. Geschichte der wissenschaftlichen Erdkunde der Griechen, 2nd edit., Leipzig, 1903.

The fundamental work on the geographical science of antiquity.

Berger, Hugo. Die Lehre von der Kugelgestalt der Erde im Altertum, in: Geographische Zeitschrift., vol. xii, Leipzig, 1906, pp. 20–37.

Berger de Xivrey, [J.]. Traditions tératologiques, ou récits de l’antiquité et du moyen-âge en Occident sur quelques points de la fable, du merveilleux et de l’histoire naturelle, Paris, 1836.

Throws light on the marvels of India.

BERGSSON, NIKULÁS. See NIKULÁS BERGSSON.

BERNARD OF CLAIRVAUX, Saint. Works will be found in: Migne, Pat. lat., vols. clxxxii-clxxxv. There are numerous other editions. See also: The Life and Works of St. Bernard, Abbot of Clairvaux, Edited by Dom John Mabillon, Translated and Edited with Additional Notes by Samuel J. Eales, 4 vols., London, vols. i and ii, 1889, vols. iii and iv, 1896. This translation is from the fourth edition of Mabillon, Paris, 1839.

BERNARD SYLVESTER. De mundi universitate, edited by C. S. Barach and J. Wrobel, in: Bibliotheca philosophorum mediae aetatis, vol. i, Innsbruck, 1876.

See Hauréau, Mémoire, 1883; Langlois, C. V., Maître Bernard, 1893; Poole, R. L., Masters, 1920.

Bertolini, G. L. I quattro angoli del mondo e la forma della terra nel passo di Rabano Mauro, in: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, vol. xlvii, Rome, 1910, pp. 1433–1441.

509Bertolini, G. L. L’orologio solare di Aquileia e la sistemazione della rosa dei venti nel medio evo, in: Bollettino della Reale Società Geografica Italiana, vol. liii, Rome, 1916, pp. 969–985.

BIBLE, THE. Citations are to the Vulgate; translations, except where otherwise stated, from the Douai and Rheims version.

Biese, A. Die Entwicklung des Naturgefühls im Mittelalter und Neuzeit, Leipzig, 1892. English translation with title The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times, London, 1905 (not seen).

Birkenmajer, Alexander. Eine neue Handschrift des “Liber de naturis inferiorum et superiorum” des Daniel von Merlai, in: Archiv für die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und Technik, vol. ix, Leipzig, 1920, pp. 45–51 (not seen).

BITRŪJĪ, Al- (ALPETRAGIUS). On the Sphere. This work was translated into Latin by Michael Scot in 1217 (on manuscripts see Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922, p. 251, note 3; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 273, note 9). It was also translated into Latin from the Hebrew version of Moses ben Samuel ben Tibbon (1259) by the Neapolitan Jew Calo Calonymos ben David under the title Alpetragii Arabi planetarum theorica ... etc., Venice, 1528 (not seen; cited by Duhem, Système, vol. ii, 1914, p. 146).

Björnbo, A. A. Adam af Bremens Nordensopfattelse, in: Aarböger for nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie, Copenhagen, 1909 (not seen).

Blázquez y Delgado Aguilera, Antonio. San Isidoro de Sevilla: Mapa mundi, in: Boletín de la Real Sociedad Geográfica, vol. 50, Madrid, 1908, pp. 207–272, 306–358.

Boffito, Giuseppe. Intorno alla “Quaestio de aqua et terra” attribuita a Dante: Memoria I, La controversia dell’acqua e della terra prima e dopo di Dante, in: Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, series 2, vol. li, Appr. nell’adunanza del 23 giugno 1901, Turin, 1902, pp. 73–159; Memoria II, Il trattato dantesco, in: op. cit., series 2, vol. lii, Appr. nell’adunanza del giugno 1902, Turin, 1903, pp. 257–342. See also above, p. 410, note 98.

Boffito, Giuseppe. La leggenda degli antipodi, in: Miscellanea di studi critici ed. in onore di Arturo Graf, Bergamo, 1903, pp. 583–601.

Boncompagni, Baldassare. Delle versione fatte da Platone Tiburtino, traduttore de secolo duodecimo: Notizie, Rome, 1851.

Boncompagni, Baldassare. Della vita e delle opere di Gherardo Cremonese, traduttore del secolo duodecimo, e di Gherardo da Sabbionetta, astronomo del secolo decimoterzo: Notizie raccolte da —, in: Atti dell’Accademia Pontifica dei Nuovi Lincei, anno IV, sesione VII del 27 giugno, 1851, Rome, 1851. (Also published separately.)

Borchardt, Paul. L’itinéraire de Rabbi Benjamin de Tudèle en Chine, in: T’oung Pao, ou archives concernant l’histoire, les langues, la géographie et l’ethnographie de l’Asie orientale, vol. xxiii, Leiden, 1924, pp. 31–35.

See above, p. 414, note 156.

BRANDAN (BRENDAN), Saint. Peregrinatio sancti Brandani abbatis. Latin text and early German versions edited by Carl Schröder, Sanct Brandan: Ein lateinischer und drei deutsche Texte, Erlangen, 1871. Latin, Flemish, and French texts in: A. Jubinal, La légende latine de Saint Brendaines, Paris, 1836. Anglo-Norman text in: H. Suchier, Brandans Seefahrt (anglonormannischer Text der 510Handschrift Cotton, Vesp. B. X.), in: Romanische Studien herausgegeben von E. Böhmer, vol. i, pt. 5, Strasburg, 1875, pp. 553–588.

See Babcock, W. H.; Goeje, M. J. de.

Brehaut, Ernest. An Encyclopedist of the Dark Ages: Isidore of Seville (Columbia University Studies in History, Economics, and Public Law, vol. xlviii, no. 1), New York, 1912.

Part I deals with Isidore’s life, writings, relation to previous culture, his general view of the universe, and his attitude toward education. Part II consists of commentary and translation of selected passages from the Etymologiae, including extracts from Book XIV, “On the Earth and Its Parts.”

Bréhier, Louis. Les colonies d’orientaux en Occident au commencement du moyen-âge, v^e-viii^e siècle, in: Byzantinische Zeitschrift, vol. xii, no. i, Munich, 1903, pp. 1–39.

Bréhier, Louis. L’Église et l’Orient au moyen âge: Les croisades, Paris, 1911.

BRENDAN, Saint. See BRANDAN, Saint.

Bresslau, H. Die Chroniken des Frutolf von Bamberg und des Ekkehard von Aura, in: Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft für ältere deutsche Geschichtskunde, vol. xxi, Hanover, 1895, pp. 197–234.

Bridges, J. H. The Life and Work of Roger Bacon: An Introduction to the Opus Majus, edited by H. G. James, London, 1914.

Brown, J. Wood. An Enquiry into the Life and Legend of Michael Scot, Edinburgh, 1897.

Unreliable. See Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922, p. 250; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 272.

BRUNETTO LATINO (or LATINI). See LATINO, BRUNETTO.

Bruun, P. Die Verwandlungen des Presbiters Johannes, in: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, vol. xi, 1876, pp. 279–314.

Bubnov, Nicholaus. See GERBERT (SYLVESTER II).

Bunbury, E. H. A History of Ancient Geography, 2 vols., London, 1879.

Scholarly and accurate. Though old, the best work on the subject in English.

CALLISTHENES, PSEUDO-. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, I.

CAMBRENSIS, GIRALDUS. See GIRALDUS CAMBRENSIS.

CAPELLA, MARTIANUS. De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, edited by F. Eyssenhardt, Leipzig (Teubner), 1866.

See Mori, Misuraz. eratos., 1911.

Capelle, Wilhelm. Berges- und Wolkenhöhen bei griechischen Physikern (Στοιχεῖα: Studien zur Geschichte des antiken Weltbildes und der griechischen Wissenschaft herausgegeben von Franz Boll, vol. v), Leipzig and Berlin, 1916.

Carmoly, E., transl. and edit. ITINÉRAIRES DE LA TERRE SAINTE DES XIII^e, XIV^e, XV^e, XVI^e, ET XVII^e SIÈCLES traduits de l’hébreu, et accompagnés de tables, de cartes et d’éclaircissements, Brussels, 1847.

Carra de Vaux, [Bernard.] Les penseurs de l’Islam, vols. i and ii, Paris, 1921; vol. iii, 1923 (to be complete in 5 vols.).

The first three chapters of vol. ii give an admirable popular account of the geographers of Islam and their work.

511Cebrian, Konstantin. Geschichte der Kartographie: Ein Beitrag zur Entwicklung des Kartenbildes und Kartenwesens. I. Altertum. 1. Von den ersten Versuchen der Länderabbildung bis auf Marinos und Ptolemaios (Zur Alexandrinischen Schule), (Geographische Bausteine, edited by Hermann Haack, vol. x), Gotha, 1923.

Useful general history, sometimes misleading in details. The author was killed in the World War, and hence the present part represents the only part published. Contains an appendix by Joseph Fischer, Ptolemaios als Kartograph, pp. 113–129, in which the endeavor is made to correct Cebrian’s misapprehensions regarding Ptolemy.

Chevalier, Ulysse. Répertoire des sources historiques du moyen âge: (1) Bio-bibliographie, 2 vols., Paris, 1905–1907; (2) Topo-bibliographie, Montbéliard, 1894–1899, 1903.

See above, p. 491.

CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. See “ROLLS SERIES.”

Clarke, John. See SENECA.

CLEOMEDES. De motu circulari corporum caelestium libri duo, edited by Hermann Ziegler, Leipzig (Teubner), 1891.

Clerval, A. Les écoles de Chartres au moyen âge du v^e au xvi^e siècle. (Mémoires de la Société Archéologique d’Eure-et-Loir, no. 11), Paris, 1895.

Important study of the scholars of the leading intellectual center of France in the early twelfth century.

Coli, Edoardo. Il paradiso terrestre dantesco (Pubblicazioni del R. Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento in Firenze, Sezione di filosofia e lettere, vol. ii, no. 28), Florence, 1897.

Columba, G. M. La questione soliniana e la letteratura geografica dei Romani, in: Atti della Reale Accademia di Scienze, vol. xi, Palermo, 1920 (not seen).

COMESTOR, PETER. Historia scholastica, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxcviii, cols. 1045–1722.

See Masson, G.

CONRAD OF QUERFURT. Letter describing journey through Italy, in: Arnold of Lübeck, Chronica Slavorum, v, 19, in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. xxi, pp. 192–196.

Coolidge, W. A. B. The Alps in Nature and History, New York, 1908.

Contains compact, scholarly discussions of Alpine history and of the great passes.

Cordier, Henri. Documents historiques et géographiques relatifs à l’Indochine, 4 vols., Paris, 1910–1914.

Includes texts of Greek and Latin authors relating to the Far East from the fourth century before Christ to the fourteenth of our era. Also Oriental geographical texts.

Cordier, Henri, on Marco Polo. See POLO, MARCO.

CORPUS SCRIPTORUM ECCLESIASTICORUM LATINORUM, Vienna, 1866ff. 65 vols. have appeared (1924).

Great collection of critical texts of the Church Fathers until the seventh century.

Cousin, G. Etudes de géographie ancienne, Paris and Nancy, 1906.

Chapter 38 is on the geography of the East in the writings of Henri de Valenciennes and Villehardouin.

512Cumont, Franz. After Life in Roman Paganism, New Haven, 1922.

Cusa, Salvatore. Sulla denominazione dei venti e dei punti cardinali, e specialmente de Nord, Est, Sud, Ouest, in: Terzo Congresso Geografico Internazionale tenuto a Venezia dal 15 al 22 settembre 1881, vol. ii, Rome, 1884, pp. 375–415.

Dahlmann, Joseph. Die Thomas-Legende und die ältesten historischen Beziehungen des Christentums zum fernen Osten im Lichte der indischen Altertumskunde, Freiburg-im-Breisgau, 1912.

DANIEL OF MORLEY. De philosophia, or Liber de naturis inferiorum et superiorum, edited by K. Sudhoff in: Archiv für die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und Technik, vol. viii, pts. 1–3, Leipzig, June, 1917, pp. 1–40.

See Birkenmajer, A.; Singer, Daniel of Morley, 1920.

DANTE. I. Tutte le opere, edited by Edward Moore, Oxford, 1894. A convenient edition of all the works. II. The Convivio [Convito] of Dante Alighieri, translated by P. H. Wicksteed, London, 1903. III. Dante, De vulgari eloquentia, translated by A. G. F. Howell, London, 1890. IV. The Divine Comedy. Among the numerous English translations note especially that of C. E. Norton, 3 vols., Boston, 1891–1892. V. Quaestio de aqua et terra [not certainly the work of Dante], edited by C. L. Shadwell, Oxford, 1909, with English translation. German translation by Josef Krejcik, Dantes Quaestio de aqua et terra, in: Kartographische und Schulgeographische Zeitschrift, vol. ix, Vienna, 1921, pp. 107–110, 136–140.

For further material on Dante’s cosmology and geography see Andriani, G.; Benini, R.; Boffito, Intorno alla “Quaestio de aqua et terra,” 1902–1903; Coli, E.; Moore, E.; Mori, La geogr., 1922; Schmidt, W.; and references in Krejcik, op. cit.

Daunou, P. C. F. Discours sur l’état des lettres au xiii^e siècle, Paris, 1860. Also in: Histoire littéraire de la France, vol. xvi, Paris, 1824, pp. 1–254.

Chapter 17 is on geography and voyages.

DE, etc. For anonymous works title of which begins with DE see under initial letter of principal word of title.

Decourdemanche, J. A. Note sur l’estimation de la longeur du degré terrestre chez les Grecs, les Arabes, et dans l’Inde, in: Journal asiatique, series 11, vol. 1, Paris, 1913, pp. 427–444.

Presents a hazardous theory.

De Goeje, M. J. See Goeje, M. J. de.

Delaborde, H. F. See WILLIAM THE BRETON.

Delambre, J. B. J. Histoire de l’astronomie du moyen âge, Paris, 1819.

Old but still a standard work on medieval astronomy.

De La Roncière, Charles. See La Roncière, Charles de.

Delisle, Léopold. See GODFREY OF VITERBO.

Denis, Ferdinand. Le monde enchanté: Cosmographie et histoire naturelle fantastiques du moyen âge, Paris, 1843.

Popular, though scholarly, work on medieval marvels.

DESCRIPTIONES TERRAE SANCTAE. See Tobler, Titus.

Detlefsen, D. Ursprung, Einrichtung und Bedeutung der Erdkarte Agrippas (Quellen und Forschungen zur alten Geschichte und Geographie herausgegeben von W. Sieglin, no. 13), Berlin, 1906.

513Detlefsen, D. Die Geographie Afrikas bei Plinius und Mela und ihre Quellen (Quellen und Forschungen zur alten Geschichte und Geographie herausgegeben von W. Sieglin, no. 14), Berlin, 1909.

See also PLINY.

DEVISION, LA, DE LA TERRE DE OULTREMER ET DES CHOSES QUI I SONT, edited by C. Hopf in: Chroniques gréco-romanes, Berlin, 1873, pp. 30–34.

De Wulf, Maurice. See Wulf, Maurice de.

DICUIL. De mensura orbis terrae, edited by A. Letronne, in his Recherches, 1814. Also by Gustav Parthey, Berlin, 1870.

Dietrich, ——. Die geographischen Anschauungen einiger Chronisten des XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts, in: Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Geographie, vol. v, Vienna, 1885, pp. 95–103, 187–207.

Dinse, Paul. Die handschriftlichen Ptolemäus-Karten und die Agathodämonfrage, in: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1913, pp. 745–770.

DIONYSIUS PERIGETES. Orbis descriptio, in: C. Müller, Geographi graeci minores, 1882, vol. ii, pp. 103–176.

Doberentz, Otto. Die Erd- und Völkerkunde in der Weltchronik des Rudolf von Hohen-Ems, in: Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, vols. xii, Halle, 1880, pp. 257–301, 387–454, xiii, 1881, pp. 29–57, 165–223.

Important material in this monograph on the sources of the De imagine mundi.

DOMINICUS GONDISALVI (GUNDISSALINUS). I. De divisione philosophiae, edited by L. Baur, in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters herausgegeben von C. Baeumker, vol. iv, pts. 2–3, Münster, 1903. II. Translations of the Physics and De caelo of Aristotle. Unpublished. See Steinschneider, Europäische Übersetzungen, in: Sitzungsberichte, vol. cxlix, 1905, pp. 32, 42, 43.

Dozy, R. See IDRĪSĪ, Al-.

Draper, J. W. History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science, New York, 1875. (Also other editions.)

Endeavors to show the baneful influence of organized religion upon the development of science.

Dreesbach, Emil. Der Orient in der altfranzösischen Kreuzzugsliteratur (Dissertation, University of Breslau, 1901).

A compilation of references to the Near East in the French literature of the Crusades, with explanatory comment.

Duhem, Pierre. Du temps où la scholastique latine a connu la physique d’Aristote, in: Revue de philosophie, vol. xv, Paris, 1909, pp. 163–178.

Duhem, Pierre. Le système du monde: Histoire des doctrines cosmologiques de Platon à Copernic, 5 vols., Paris, 1913–1917.

A work of fundamental importance. From the geographical point of view significant for the data it contains on the history of cosmography, of astronomical geography, and of theories of the tides. Contains valuable bibliographical references, though not always complete (see criticism in Haskins, Studies, 1924, pp. 82–83).

Eales, S. J. See BERNARD OF CLAIRVAUX.

EDDAS, THE. I. SAEMUNDAR EDDA, or POETIC EDDA. Text in: R. C. Boer, edit., Die Edda, mit historisch-kritischem Commentar, Haarlem, 1922; Eduard Sievers, edit., Die Eddalieder (Abhandlungen der sächischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philologisch, 514historische Klasse, vol. xxxvii, no. 3), Leipzig, 1923. English translation: H. A. Bellows, The Poetic Edda, Translated from the Icelandic, With an Introduction and Notes, 2 vols., New York, 1923. II. SNORRIS EDDA, or PROSE EDDA. See SNORRI STURLUSON, II.

See also Hermannsson, Bibl. Eddas, 1920.

EDRISI. See IDRĪSĪ, Al-.

EKKEHARD OF AURA. See FRUTOLF OF MICHAELSBERG.

ELYSAEUS ACCOUNT. See PRESTER JOHN, II.

Endrös, A. Die Gezeiten, Seiches und Strömungen des Meeres bei Aristoteles, in: Bayerische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, Mathematisch-physikalische Klasse, Munich, 1915, pp. 355–385.

ERATOSTHENES. Die geographischen Fragmente des Eratosthenes, edited with commentary by Hugo Berger, Leipzig (Teubner), 1880.

See Mori, Misuraz. eratos., 1911; Scala, R. von; Thalamas, A.

ERIGENA (or ERIUGENA), JOHN SCOT. See JOHN SCOT ERIGENA.

Esposito, M. On Some Unpublished Poems Attributed to Alexander Neckam, in: English Historical Review, vol. xxx, London, 1915, pp. 450–471.

Fant, C. L’Image du monde, poème inédit du milieu du xiii^e siècle, étudié dans ses diverses rédactions françaises d’après les manuscrits des bibliothèques de Paris et de Stockholm (Dissertation, University of Upsala, 1886.)

Gives a summary of the contents of the poem.

FARGHĀNĪ, Al- (ALFRAGANUS). On the Elements of Astronomy. See GERARD OF CREMONA, I; JOHN OF SEVILLE, I.

FETELLUS (FRETELLUS). Tractatus de distantiis locorum Terrae Sanctae. Text in: Comte Melchior de Vogue, Les églises de la Terre Sainte, Paris, 1860, pp. 412–433; also in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clv, cols. 1037–1054. English translation by J. R. Macpherson, Fetellus (circa 1130 A. D.), London, 1892 (in: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society, Library, 1897, vol. v).

Fischer, Joseph. Ptolemäus und Agathodämon, forming supplement (on pp. 71–93) to von Mžik, Afrika.

Fischer, Joseph. Pappus und die Ptolemäuskarten, in: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1919, pp. 336–358.

Fischer, Joseph. Ptolemaios als Kartograph, forming supplement (on pp. 113–129) to Cebrian, Geschichte der Kartographie, 1923.

FITZSTEPHEN, WILLIAM. Description of London in Latin forming the preface to his Latin life of Thomas à Becket, in: J. C. Robertson, Materials for the History of Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (Rolls Series, no. 67), vol. iii, London, 1877. Also in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxc, cols., 103–110; A Survey of London by John Stow, edited by C. T. Kingsford (2 vols., Oxford, 1908), vol. ii, pp. 219–223. English translation in: John Stow, A Survay of London ... 1598, edited by Henry Morley, London, 1908, pp. 22–29, 117–119.

Fobes, F. H. Mediaeval Versions of Aristotle’s Meteorology, in: Classical Philology, vol. x, Chicago, 1915, pp. 297–314.

Frahm, Wilhelm. Das Meer und die Seefahrt in der altfranzösischen Literatur (Dissertation, University of Göttingen, 1914).

515Francke, Kuno. Zur Geschichte der lateinischen Schulpoesie des XII. und XIII. Jahrhunderts, Munich, 1879.

FRETELLUS. See FETELLUS.

Fritsche, Franz. Untersuchung über die Quellen der Image du monde des Walther von Metz, Halle, 1880.

FRODHI, ARI. See ARI FRODHI.

FRUTOLF OF MICHAELSBERG (or of BAMBERG). Chronica. Edited as if the work of Ekkehard of Aura, in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. vi, 1844, pp. 33–231. See Bresslau, H.

Ganzenmüller, Wilhelm. Das Naturgefühl im Mittelalter (Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte des Mittelalters und der Renaissance herausgegeben von Walter Götz, vol. xviii), Leipzig and Berlin, 1914.

An attempt to interpret the medieval attitude toward nature “von innen heraus, aus der geistigen Eigenart des Mittelalters....” (p. 4). German translations of many descriptions of landscape and scenery are included.

Ganzenmüller, Wilhelm. Die empfindsame Naturbetrachtung im Mittelalter, in: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte, vol. xii, Berlin, 1916, pp. 195–228.

GAUTIER DE CHÂTILLON (or DE LILLE). See WALTER OF CHÂTILLON.

Geidel, Heinrich. Alfred der Grosse als Geograph (Münchener geographische Studien herausgegeben von Siegmund Günther, no. 15), Munich, 1904.

Geikie, Sir Archibald. The Founders of Geology, London, 1905.

Geikie, Sir Archibald. The Love of Nature Among the Romans During the Later Decades of the Republic and the First Century of the Empire, London, 1912.

GEOFFREY OF MONMOUTH. Historia Britonum, edited by J. A. Giles, Caxton Society, London, 1844. An English translation entitled Geoffrey of Monmouth’s British History by J. A. Giles, in: Monkish Historians of Great Britain, vol. iv, London, 1844 (also in Bohn’s Antiquarian Library, London, 1848).

GEOFFREY OF ST. VICTOR (GODEFROI DE BRETEUIL). I. Fons philosophiae, edited by M. A. Charma in his Fons philosophiae: Poème inédit du xii^e siècle, publié et annoté par —, Caen, 1868. II. Microcosmus. Unpublished. See above, p. 428, note 135.

GEOGRAPHI GRAECI MINORES. See Müller, C.

GEOGRAPHI LATINI MINORES. See Riese, A.

GERALD OF BARRY. See GIRALDUS CAMBRENSIS.

GERARD OF CREMONA. I. Liber de aggregationibus scientiae stellarum et principiis coelestium motum, a translation of Al-Farghānī’s On the Elements of Astronomy. See Woepcke, Notice, 1862, pp. 117–120. II. Translation of Az-Zarqalī’s Canons on the Toledo Tables. See above, pp. 399–400, notes 44–45. III. Translations of Aristotle’s Meteorology (first three books), Physics, De caelo et mundo, and De generatione et corruptione. Unpublished. On manuscripts see Thorndike, Magic, 1923, vol. ii, p. 87; see also above, pp. 401–402, notes 59, 60, 61, 62. IV. Theorica planetarum. MS. in Bibliothèque Nationale MSS., fonds latin, no. 7421. This work was also printed in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The edition 516referred to in the Notes of the present work as the “Renner edition” was printed in Venice “per Franciscū Renner de Hailbrun, MCCCCLXXVIII.” In the same volume is to be found the De sphaera of John of Holywood, q. v. For references to other editions see Duhem, Système, vol. iii, 1915, p. 219, note 3.

See Boncompagni, Della vita, 1851.

GERBERT (SYLVESTER II). Gerberti postea Silvestri II papae opera mathematica, edited by Nicholaus Bubnov, Berlin, 1899.

GERVASE OF CANTERBURY. I. Chronica de tempore regum Angliae Stephani, Henrici II et Ricardi I, edited by William Stubbs, in: The Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury (Rolls Series, no. 71), vol. i, London, 1879. II. Mappamundi, edited by Stubbs, op. cit., vol. ii, London, 1880, pp. 414–444.

GERVASE OF TILBURY. Otia imperialia, edited by G. G. Leibnitz, in: Scriptores rerum brunsvicensium (3 vols., Hanover, 1707–1711), vol. i, pp. 881–1004, vol. ii, pp. 754–784.

See Liebrecht, F.

Gilbert, Otto. Die meteorologischen Theorien des griechischen Altertums, Leipzig, 1907.

Fundamental study of ancient meteorology.

Giordano Carlo. Alexandreis, poema di Gautier da Châtillon, Naples, 1917.

GIRALDUS CAMBRENSIS (GERALD OF BARRY). I. Topographia Hiberniae et (II) Expugnatio Hiberniae, edited by J. F. Dimock, in: Giraldi Cambrensis opera (Rolls Series, no. 21), vol. v, London, 1867. English translation by Thomas Foster, The Historical Works of Giraldus Cambrensis Containing the Topography of Ireland and the History of the Conquest of Ireland, revised by Thomas Wright, in Bohn’s Antiquarian Library, London, 1863. III. Itinerarium Kambriae et (IV) Descriptio Kambriae, edited by J. F. Dimock, op. cit., vol. vi, London, 1868. Sir R. C. Hoare’s English translation of 1806 appeared under the title The Itinerary Through Wales and the Description of Wales by Giraldus Cambrensis in Everyman’s Library, London and New York, 1908. V. Symbolum electorum, edited by J. S. Brewer, in: Giraldi Cambrensis opera (Rolls Series, no. 21), vol. i, London, 1861, pp. 199–395.

See Lynch, J.

Gisinger, F. “Geographie,” article in: Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft: Neue Bearbeitung, begonnen von Georg Wissowa, edited by Wilhelm Kroll, supplementary vol. iv, Stuttgart, 1924, cols. 521–685.

GODFREY OF VITERBO. I. Pantheon seu universitate libri, qui chronici appellantur, XX, ... ab O. C.-1186. Edited by B. J. Herold, Basel, 1559, and by J. Pistorius (3rd edition, edited by B. G. Struve, vol. ii, Ratisbon, 1726, pp. 2–392); also edited (in part only) in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxcviii, cols. 875–1044, and in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. xxii, 1872, pp. 107–307. II. Denumeratio regnorum imperio subjectorum, edited by Léopold Delisle in his Littérature latine et histoire du moyen âge, Paris, 1890, pp. 41–50.

Goeje, M. J. de. La légende de St. Brandan, in: Actes du Huitième Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1889, Leiden, 1891, pp. 43–76. (Also printed separately, Leiden, 1890.)

Goeje, M. J. de, on Edrisi. See IDRĪSĪ, Al-.

517Gollancz, Hermann. Dodi ve-Nechdi (Uncle and Nephew), the Work of Berachya Hanakdan, Oxford, etc., 1920. Pp. 87–161 consist of a translation of the Quaestiones naturales of Adelard of Bath, q. v.

GONDISALVI, DOMINICUS. See DOMINICUS GONDISALVI.

GOSSOUIN OF METZ. Possibly author or co-author of the Image du monde. See above, p. 105 and p. 405, note 89.

Grabmann, Martin. Forschungen über die lateinischen Aristotelesübersetzungen des XIII. Jahrhunderts, in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters herausgegeben von C. Baeumker, vol. xvii, pts. 5–6, Münster, 1916.

Graf, Arturo. La leggenda del paradiso terrestre, Turin, 1878.

Graf, Arturo. Roma nella memoria e nelle immaginazioni del medio evo, 2 vols., Turin, 1882–1883.

Graf, Arturo. Miti, leggende e superstizioni del medio evo, 2 vols., Turin, 1892–1893.

Much material and a wealth of references on legendary geography. Vol. i, pp. 1–193, deals with the legend of the terrestrial paradise.

GREGORIUS, MAGISTER. See GREGORY, MASTER.

Gregorovius, Ferdinand. Geschichte der Stadt Rom im Mittelalter, 8 vols., 1st edit., Stuttgart, 1859–1872. Translation from fourth German edition by Annie Hamilton, History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages, 8 vols. in 13, London, 1894–1912.

GREGORY, MASTER. Magister Gregorius de mirabilibus urbis Romae, edited with introduction by M. R. James in his Magister Gregorius, in: English Historical Review, vol. xxxii, London, 1917, pp. 531–554.

Gribaudi, Pietro. La geografia di S. Isidoro di Siviglia (Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, series 2, vol. lv), Turin, 1905.

Gribaudi, Pietro. Per la storia della geografia, specialmente nel medio evo, Turin, 1906. Fasc. I of this contains: L’autorità de S. Isidoro de Siviglia, come geografo, nel medio evo.

Gribble, Francis. The Early Mountaineers, London, 1899.

Gröber, G. Übersicht über die lateinische Literatur von der Mitte des 6. Jahrhunderts bis 1350, in his Grundriss der romanischen Philologie (2 vols., Strasburg, 1888–1902), vol. ii, pt. i, pp. 97–432.

GROSSETESTE, ROBERT (ROBERT OF LINCOLN). (I) De sphaera, (II) De impressionibus aëris seu de prognosticatione, (III) De luce seu de inchoatione formarum, (IV) Quod homo sit minor mundus, (V) De lineis angulis et figuris seu de fractionibus et reflexionibus radiorum, (VI) De natura locorum, (VII) De impressionibus elementorum, (VIII) De finitate motus et temporis, all edited by Ludwig Baur in his Die philosophischen Werke des Robert Grosseteste, Bischofs von Lincoln (Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters herausgegeben von C. Baeumker, vol. ix), Münster, 1912. (IX) Summa super libros octo Physicorum (commentary on the Physics of Aristotle), first printed in Venice in 1498, and subsequently frequently printed in the sixteenth century; no modern critical edition. On early editions and manuscripts see Baur, op. cit., pp. 19*-20*. (X) Hexaemeron. Unpublished. Baur, op. cit., p. 24*, note 1, cites MS. Brit. Mus. Bibl. reg. 6 E. V. (XI) Summa philosophiae. Ascribed probably erroneously to Grosseteste. Edited by Baur, op. cit., pp. 275–643.

See also Baur, L.; Little, A. G.

518GUI DE BAZOCHES. See GUY OF BAZOCHES.

GUIDO. Encyclopedic compilation in six books containing geographical passages which in part are edited by M. Pinder and G. Parthey, Ravennatis anonymi Cosmographia et Guidonis Geographica, Berlin, 1860, pp. 449–556.

GUILELMUS, GUILLAUME, etc. See WILLIAM.

GUNDISSALINUS, DOMINICUS. See DOMINICUS GONDISALVI.

Günther, Siegmund. Studien zur Geschichte der mathematischen und physikalischen Geographie, 3 vols., Halle, 1877–1879. Parts i and ii consist of Die Lehre von der Erdrundung und Erdbewegung im Mittelalter; part iii, of Ältere und neuere Hypothesen über die chronische Versetzung des Erdschwerpunktes durch Wassermassen.

See Marinelli, Scritti minori, vol. i, [1908?].

Günther, Siegmund. Die kosmographischen Anschauungen des Mittelalters, in: Deutsche Rundschau für Geographie und Statistik, vol. iv, Vienna, 1882, pp. 249–254, 313–317, 345–352.

Günther, Siegmund. Notiz zur Geschichte der Klimatologie, in: Bibliotheca mathematica, no. 3, Stockholm, 1887.

Günther, Siegmund. Wissenschaftliche Bergbesteigungen in älterer Zeit, in: Jahresberichte der Geographischen Gesellschaft in München für 1894 und 1895, Munich, 1896, pp. 51–67.

Günther, Siegmund. Geschichte der Erdkunde, Leipzig and Vienna, 1904.

A dry and compact summary of the history of geographical science and exploration from antiquity to modern times. Contains many valuable references.

Günther, Siegmund. Die antike Apokatastasis auf ihre astronomischen und geophysischen Grundlagen geprüft, in: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, Mathematisch-physikalische Klasse, Munich, 1916, pp. 83–112.

Günther, Siegmund. Optische Beweisung für die Erdkrümmung sonst und jetzt, in: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, Mathematisch-physikalische Klasse, Munich, 1920, pt. 2, pp. 371–385.

GUNTHER OF PAIRIS. Ligurinus, edited by C. G. Dümge, Heidelberg, 1812; also in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. ccxii, cols. 327–476. German translation by T. Vulpinus, Der Ligurinus Gunthers von Pairis im Elsass ... etc., Strasburg, 1889.

See Pannenborg, A.; Paris, G., Dissertation critique, 1872.

GUY OF BAZOCHES. Selections from the letters in: W. Wattenbach, Aus den Briefen des Guido von Bazoches, in: Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft für Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde, vol. xvi, Hanover, 1891, pp. 69–113.

See above, p. 414, note 152.

Haag, Heinrich. Die Geschichte des Nullmeridians (Dissertation, University of Giessen, 1913).

The discussion of the prime meridians used in the Middle Ages appears to be based mainly on the now antiquated work of Lelewel.

See Schoy, Längenbestimmung, 1915.

Hammer-Jensen, Ingeborg. Das sogennante IV. Buch der Meteorologie des Aristoteles, in: Hermes: Zeitschrift für classische Philologie, vol. 50, Berlin, 1915, pp. 113–136.

519Haskins, C. H. Adelard of Bath, in: English Historical Review, vol. xxvi, London, 1911, pp. 491–498.

See Below, Haskins, Studies, 1924.

Haskins, C. H. The Reception of Arabic Science in England, in: English Historical Review, vol. xxx, London, 1915, pp. 56–69.

See below, Haskins, Studies, 1924.

Haskins, C. H. Michael Scot and Frederick II, in: Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Civilization, vol. iv, Brussels, 1921–1922, pp. 250–275.

See below, Haskins, Studies, 1924.

Haskins, C. H. Science at the Court of the Emperor Frederick II, in: American Historical Review, vol. xxvii, New York, 1922, pp. 669–694.

See below, Haskins, Studies, 1924.

Haskins, C. H. Studies in the History of Mediaeval Science, Cambridge, Mass., 1924.

A profound contribution, based largely on research in manuscript sources, to the history of science in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Traces the work of translators from the Arabic and Greek and deals with science at the court of the Emperor Frederick II. All the studies by Haskins referred to above appear in this volume in revised form.

Haskins, C. H., and D. P. Lockwood. The Sicilian Translators of the Twelfth Century and the First Latin Version of Ptolemy’s Almagest, in: Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol. xxi, Cambridge, Mass., 1910, pp. 75–102. See also: Haskins, C. H., Further Notes on the Sicilian Translators of the Twelfth Century, in ibid., vol. xxiii, 1912, pp. 155–166.

Important for material on early translations of the Almagest.

See above, Haskins, Studies, 1924.

Hauptmann, E. Die Erdvermessung der Römer [im] Raum des heutigen Kriegsschauplatzes bis zur Rheingrenze ..., Zugleich Lehrbuch der antiken Erdmesskunst, Bonn, 1915.

Hauréau, B. Singularités historiques et littéraires, Paris, 1861.

Hauréau, B. Mémoire sur quelques chanceliers de l’église de Chartres, Paris, 1883. Also in: Mémoires de l’institut Nationale de France, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, vol. xxxi, pt. 2, Paris, 1884, pp. 63–122.

Hauréau, B. Les oeuvres de Hugues de Saint-Victor: Essai critique, new edit., Paris, 1886.

Hauréau, B. Thierry de Chartres, De sex dierum operibus, in his Notices et extraits de quelques manuscrits latins de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, vol. i, 1890, pp. 48–68 (commentary, pp. 48–51; text, pp. 52–68).

Heath, Sir Thomas. Aristarchus of Samos, Oxford, 1913.

Heidel, W. A. Anaximander’s Book, the Earliest Known Geographical Treatise, in: Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, vol. lvi, Boston, 1921, pp. 239–288.

HEIMSKRINGLA. See SNORRI STURLUSON, I.

Hellmann, G., edit., DENKMÄLER MITTELALTERLICHER METEOROLOGIE (Neudrucke von Schriften und Karten über 520Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus herausgegeben von G. Hellmann, no. 15), Berlin, 1904.

Collection of texts dealing with meteorology from medieval authors.

HELMOLD. Chronica Slavorum, edited by J. M. Lappenberg, in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. xxi, 1869, pp. 11–99. Also in: Script. rer. germ. in usum scholarum, Hanover, 1868. German translation by J. C. M. Laurent, Berlin, 1852; 2nd edit., Leipzig, 1888 (not seen).

HENRY OF HUNTINGDON. Historiae Anglorum libri VIII, edited by Thomas Arnold (Rolls Series, no. 72), London, 1879.

HERMANN THE DALMATIAN (HERMANN THE CARINTHIAN, HERMANN THE SLAV, HERMANNUS SECUNDUS). I. Liber de essentiis. Unpublished. See Haskins, Studies, 1924, pp. 48–49, 56–66. On pp. 62–65 Haskins publishes for the first time the text of two interesting geographical passages. II. Translation of The Great Book of the Introduction of Abū Maʿshar under the title Liber introductorius in astrologiam. See ABŪ MAʿSHAR. III. Translation of the Khorazmian Tables of Al-Khwārizmī. No text of this is known. See above p. 95.

Hermannsson, Halldór. Bibliography of the Icelandic Sagas and Minor Tales, in: Islandica, vol. i, Ithaca, N. Y., 1908.

Hermannsson, Halldór. The Northmen in America (982-c. 1500): A Contribution to the Bibliography of the Subject, in: Islandica, vol. ii, Ithaca, N. Y., 1909.

Hermannsson, Halldór. Bibliography of the Sagas of the Kings of Norway and Related Sagas and Tales, in: Islandica, vol. iii, Ithaca, N. Y., 1910.

Hermannson, Halldór. Bibliography of the Eddas, in: Islandica, vol. xiii, Ithaca, N. Y., 1920.

HERRAD OF LANDSPERG. Hortus deliciarum, edited by A. Straub and G. Keller, Strasburg, 1879–1899.

See Le Noble, A.

Heyd, W. Histoire du commerce du Levant au moyen âge, translated from the German into French by F. Raynaud, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1885–1886. French translation reprinted, Leipzig, 1923.

The French translation contains material not to be found in the German original. Still a fundamentally important work on medieval trade with the East.

HILDEGARD OF BINGEN. (I) Scivias sive visionum ac revelationum libri tres, (II) Liber divinorum operum simplicis hominis, (III) Liber vitae meritorum, (IV) Subtilitates diversarum naturarum creaturarum, and (V) Solutiones quaestionum XXXVIII, all in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxcvii. (VI) Causae et curae, edited by Paul Kaiser, Leipzig (Teubner), 1903.

For references to other editions, manuscripts, and secondary works, see Thorndike, Magic, 1923, vol. ii, pp. 125–126. See also Singer, Visions of Saint Hildegard, 1917.

Histoire littéraire de la France, 35 vols., Paris, 1733ff. 35 vols. had appeared by 1921.

A great collection of bio-bibliographical notices, printed texts, and critical discussions of the literature of Gaul and France. Publication was begun by the Benedictines of the Congregation of St. Maur in the eighteenth century and continued by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres early in the nineteenth.

521HISTORIA DE PRAELIIS. See Landgraf, G.

HISTORIA NORWEGIAE, edited by P. A. Munch, in: Symbolae ad historiam antiquiorem rerum Norvegicarum, Christiania, 1850. A more critical edition in: Storm, Mon. hist. Norveg., 1880, pp. 69–124.

Hoffmann, Immanuel. Die Anschauungen der Kirchenväter über Meteorologie (Dissertation, University of Munich, 1907). (Also as: Münchener geographische Studien herausgegeben von Siegmund Günther, no. 22.)

Hofmeister, Adolf. Studien über Otto von Freisingen, in: Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft für Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde, vol. xxxvii, Hanover, 1911–1912, pp. 99–161, 663–768.

HONORIUS AUGUSTODUNENSIS, HONORIUS INCLUSUS, HONORIUS OF AUTUN. See IMAGINE MUNDI, DE.

HUGH OF ST. VICTOR. I. Adnotationes elucidatoriae in Pentateuchon, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxxv, cols. 29–114. II. De arca Noë morali, in: Migne, op. cit., vol. clxxvi, cols. 617–680. III. De arca Noë mystica, in: Migne, op. cit., vol. clxxvi, cols. 681–704. IV. De vanitate mundi, in: Migne, op. cit., vol. clxxvi, cols. 703–740; also edited by Karl Müller, Hugo von St. Victor soliloquium De arrha animae und De vanitate mundi (Kleine Texte für Vorlesung und Übungen, no. 123), Bonn, 1913. V. De sacramentis, in: Migne, op. cit., vol. clxxvi, cols. 173–618. VI. De situ terrarum (not certainly the work of Hugh of St. Victor), forming bk. III of Tractatus excerptionum, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxxvii, cols. 209–216.

See Hauréau, Oeuvres, 1886.

IBN RUSHD (AVERROËS). Commentaries on the works of Aristotle. See [Bernard] Carra de Vaux, article “Ibn Rushd,” in: The Encyclopaedia of Islam, vol. ii, Leiden and London, 1918, pp. 410–413.

See also Renan, E.

IBN SINĀ (AVICENNA). Commentaries on the works of Aristotle. See ALFRED OF SARESHEL, II; T. J. de Boer, article “Ibn Sina,” in: The Encyclopaedia of Islam, vol. ii, Leiden and London, 1918, pp. 419–420; and above, p. 401, note 60.

IBN YŪNŪS. Hākimī Tables. Portions of these tables and the commentaries which accompanied them were published and translated by J. J. A. Caussin de Perceval in: Notices et extraits des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Nationale, vol. vii, Paris, An XII [1803–1804], pp. 16–240; for the description of the measurement of the circumference of the earth, see especially pp. 94, 96, footnote (2).

IDRĪSĪ, Al- (EDRISI). Geography (or Roger Book, or Rogerian Description), in: Géographie d’Édrisi, traduite de l’Arabe en français, by P. A. Jaubert (Recueil de voyages et de mémoires publié par la Société de Géographie, vols. v and vi), 2 vols., Paris, 1836–1840. This is the only translation of the whole of Edrisi’s Geography. More recent and more critical translations of parts are (1) Description de l’Afrique et de l’Espagne par Edrîsî, Arabic text with French translation and notes by R. Dozy and M. J. de Goeje, Leiden, 1866; (2) L’Italia descritta nel “Libro del Re Ruggero” compilato da Edrisi, Arabic text with Italian translation and notes by M. Amari and C. Schiaparelli, Rome, 1883 (not seen).

See also Pardi, G.

IMAGE DU MONDE, L’. Metrical versions unedited. For text of prose version, see O. H. Prior, L’Image du monde de Maître Gossouin, Lausanne, 5221913. For Caxton’s English translation of 1485, see the same, Caxton’s Mirrour of the World, London, 1913. On sources see Fant, C.; Fritsche, F.; Le Clerc, V.

See also Langlois, C. V., Connaissance, 1911, ch. 5.

IMAGINE MUNDI, DE. In: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxxii, cols. 115–188, where it is attributed to Honorius of Autun. See above, p. 403, note 73; pp. 325–326, and p. 481, note 347.

See Doberentz, O.

ISIDORE OF SEVILLE. I. Etymologiae sive originum libri XX, edited by W. M. Lindsay, 2 vols., Oxford, 1911. Also in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. lxxxii, cols. 73–728. See Brehaut, E.; Philipp, H. II. De natura rerum, in: Migne, op. cit., vol. lxxxiii, cols. 963–1018. See also above, p. 387, note 79.

See Blázquez y Delgado Aguilera, A.; Brehaut, E.; Gribaudi, P.

ITER AD PARADISUM. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, VI.

ITINERA ET DESCRIPTIONES TERRAE SANCTAE. See Tobler, Titus.

ITINERA HIEROSOLYMITANA. See Tobler, T., and A. Molinier.

ITINÉRAIRES À JERUSALEM. See Michelant, H., and G. Reynaud.

ITINÉRAIRES DE LA TERRE SAINTE ... traduits de l’hébreu.

See Carmoly, E.

JACQUES DE VITRY. Historia hierosolymitana, in: J. Bongars, Gesta Dei per Francos, vol. i, Hanover, 1611, pp. 1047–1125. English translation by Aubrey Stewart, The History of Jerusalem, A. D. 1180, by Jacques de Vitry, London, 1896 (in: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society, Library, 1897, vol. xi).

James, M. R. See GREGORY, MASTER.

JEROME. De situ et nominibus locorum Hebraicorum (or De Palestinae locis), in Migne, Pat. lat., vol. xxiii, cols. 859–928.

JERUSALEM ITINERARIES. See Carmoly, E.; Michelant, H., and G. Reynaud; Tobler, T.; Tobler, T., and A. Molinier.

JOHANNES. See JOHN.

JOHANNES, PRESBYTER. See PRESTER JOHN.

JOHANNES HISPANENSIS. See JOHN OF SEVILLE.

JOHN, PRESTER. See PRESTER JOHN.

JOHN OF HOLYWOOD (SACROBOSCO). De sphaera, or Sphaera mundi, in: Johannes de Sacrobusto anglici viri clarissimi Spera mundi, impressa Venetiis per Franciscū Renner de Hailbrun, MCCCCLXXVIII. This text of the De sphaera was printed in the same volume with the Theorica planetarum of Gerard of Cremona, q. v. See also Duhem, Système, vol. iii, 1915, p. 239, note 4, and p. 240, note 1.

JOHN OF LUNA. See JOHN OF SEVILLE.

JOHN OF SALISBURY. Opera omnia, edited by J. A. Giles, Oxford, 1848, and reprinted in Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxcix, cols. 1–1039. The Policraticus, sive de nugis curialium et vestigiis philosophorum, was edited by C. C. J. Webb, 2 vols., Oxford, 1909.

523JOHN SCOT ERIGENA. De divisione naturae, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxxii, cols. 439–1022.

See Rand, E. K.

JOHN OF SEVILLE (JOHANNES HISPANENSIS, JOHN OF LUNA). I. Translation of the On the Elements of Astronomy of Al-Farghānī was published by Johannes Petreius in Nuremberg, 1537, under the title Brevis ac perutilis compilatio Alfragani, quod ad rudimenta astronomica est opportunum. For references to manuscripts, see Woepcke, Notice, 1862, pp. 115–117. II. Translation of Abū Maʿshar’s The Great Book of the Introduction. See Haskins, Studies, 1924, p. 45.

JOHN OF WÜRZBURG. Descriptio terrae sanctae, in: Tobler, Descriptiones terrae sanctae, 1874, pp. 108–192, 415–448. Also in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clv, cols. 1054–1090. English translation by Aubrey Stewart, Description of the Holy Land by John of Würzburg (A. D. 1160–1170), London, 1890 (in Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society, Library, 1897, vol. v).

Jourdain, Amable. Recherches critiques sur l’âge et l’origine des traductions latines d’Aristote et sur des commentaires grecs ou arabes employés par les docteurs scholastiques, 2nd edit., Paris, 1843.

Jourdain, C. B. Dissertation sur l’état de la philosophie naturelle en Occident et principalement en France pendant la première moitié du XII^e siècle, Paris, 1838.

Jourdain, C. B. De l’influence d’Aristote et de ses interprètes sur la découverte du Nouveau-Monde, Paris, 1861.

Jowett, Benjamin. See PLATO.

Jubinal, A. See BRANDAN, Saint.

JULIUS VALERIUS. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, II, III.

Karl, L. La Hongrie et les Hongrois dans les chansons de geste, in: Revue des langues romanes, vol. li, Montpellier, 1908, pp. 5–38.

Khvostov, M. Istoriya vostochnoi torgovli Greko-Rimskago Egipta (History of the Eastern Trade of Greco-Roman Egypt), Kazan, 1907.

KHWĀRIZMĪ, Al-. I. Kitāb ṣūrat al-arḍ, edited by C. A. Nallino, with commentary, under title Al-Ḫuwârizmî e il suo rifacimento della Geografia di Tolomeo, in: Memorie della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, series 5, Classe di scienze morali, storiche, e filologiche, vol. ii, pt. 1, Rome, 1894 (published 1896). See also von Mžik, Ptolemaeus, 1915; the same, Afrika, 1916; Nallino, Al-Khuwarizmi, 1896; Spitta, W. II. Astronomical tables known as Khorazmian Tables, in: H. Suter, Die astronomischen Tafeln des Muḥammed ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī in der Bearbeitung des Maslama ibn Aḥmed al-Madjrīṭī und der latein. Übersetzung des Athelhard von Bath, etc. (Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et des Lettres de Danemark, series 7, Section des lettres, vol. iii, no. 1), Copenhagen, 1914. As to the Little Sindhind of Al-Khwārizmī, to which these tables were related, see above, p. 394, note 20.

KING’S MIRROR. See KONUNGS-SKUGGSJÁ.

Klotz, Alfred. Quaestiones Plinianae geographicae (Quellen und Forschungen zur alten Geschichte und Geographie herausgegeben von W. Sieglin, no. 11), Berlin, 1906.

524Koch, Joseph. Das Meer in der mittelhochdeutschen Epik (Dissertation, University of Münster, 1910).

Kohlmann, P. W. Adam von Bremen: Ein Beitrag zur mittelalterlichen Textkritik und Kosmographie (Leipziger historische Abhandlungen, vol. x), Leipzig, 1908.

KONUNGS-SKUGGSJÁ. Speculum regale, ein altnorwegischer Dialog, edited by Oscar Brenner, Munich, 1881. English translation by L. M. Larson, American Scandinavian Foundation, New York, 1917.

Krabbo, Hermann. Bischof Virgil von Salzburg und seine kosmologischen Ideen, in: Mitteilungen des Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschungen, vol. xxiv, Vienna, 1903, pp. 1–28.

Krabbo, Hermann. Nordeuropa in der Vorstellung Adams von Bremen, in: Hansische Geschichtsblätter, vol. xv, Leipzig, 1909, pp. 37–51.

Krejcik, J. See DANTE, V.

Kretschmer, Konrad. Die physische Erdkunde im christlichen Mittelalter, in: Geographische Abhandlungen herausgegeben von Albrecht Penck, vol. iv, pt. 1, Vienna and Olmütz, 1889.

The best general summary of medieval theories of physical geography. See the critical review in Marinelli, Scritti minori, vol. i, [1908?], pp. 439–448.

Krumbacher, K. Geschichte der byzantinischen Literatur von Justinian bis zum Ende des Oströmischen Reiches (527–1453), Munich, 1890, 2nd edit. 1897 (forming vol. ix, pt. 1 of Iwan von Müller, Handbuch der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft).

Kubitschek, Wilhelm. “Karten,” article in: Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft: Neue Bearbeitung, begonnen von Georg Wissowa, edited by Wilhelm Kroll, vol. x, pt. 2 (20th half vol.), Stuttgart, 1919, cols. 2022–2149.

LACTANTIUS. Divinae institutiones, edited by Samuel Brandt, in: Corpus script. eccl. lat., vol. xix, pt. 1, 1890.

La Marche, R. A. Lecoy de. See Lecoy de La Marche, R. A.

LAMBERT LI TORS. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, VII.

LAMBERT OF ST. OMER. Liber floridus. There is no modern edition. For a synopsis, see Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxiii, cols. 1003ff. For references to manuscripts see Miller, Mappaemundi, vol. iii, 1895, pp. 43–46, and Beazley, Dawn, vol. ii, 1901, pp. 621–624.

Landgraf, Gustav. Die Vita Alexandri Magni des Archipresbyters Leo (Historia de preliis), Schweinfurt, 1885 (not seen).

LANDNÁMABÓK. For editions see Hermannsson, Bibl. Icelandic Sagas, 1908, pp. 70–72. English translations by T. Ellwood, The Book of the Settlement of Iceland, Kendal, 1898, and by Vigfusson and York Powell, Origines Islandicae, vol. i, 1905, pp. 2–236, 266–274. For corrections of renderings given in the latter, see review by E. Magnússon, in: Saga Book of the Viking Club, vol. iv, pt. 2, London, 1905–1906, pp. 415–467.

Langenmaier, Theodor. Alte Kenntnis und Kartographie der zentralafrikanischen Seenregion, in: Mitteilungen der Geographischen Gesellschaft in München, vol. xi, Munich, 1916, pt. 1, pp. 1–144. Also published separately as a dissertation, University of Erlangen, 1916.

An elaborate and detailed study covering the period from Ptolemy to the beginning of the eighteenth century. Extensive bibliography and lists of maps.

525Langlois, C. V. Maître Bernard, in: Bibliothèque de l’École des Chartes, vol. liv, Paris, 1893, pp. 225–250.

Langlois, C. V. La connaissance de la nature et du monde au moyen âge d’après quelques écrits français à l’usage des laïcs, Paris, 1911.

Chapters on popular medieval encyclopedias in French. Throws light on medieval geographic ideas as expressed in these works. A useful bibliography is given (pp. 394–400) of eighty-eight titles of secondary works on references to natural phenomena in the Middle Ages.

Langlois, E. Tables des noms propres de toute nature compris dans les chansons de geste imprimées, Paris, 1904.

Includes geographic names.

La Roncière, Charles de. Histoire de la marine française, 5 vols., Paris, 1899–1920. Vol. i, 2nd edit., 1909.

LATINO, BRUNETTO. Le livre du trésor. Edited by P. Chabaille, Li livres dou trésor, publié pour la première fois, Paris, 1863. See the references in C. V. Langlois, Connaissance, 1911, pp. 328–337.

Le C[lerc], V[ictor]. L’Image du monde et autres enseignements, in: Histoire littéraire de la France, vol. xxiii, 1856, pp. 294–335, 836–837.

Lecoy de La Marche, R. A. Les connaissances géographiques au moyen âge, in: Revue du monde catholique, vol. lxxix, July-Sept., 1884.

Lelewel, Joachim. Géographie du moyen âge, 5 vols. and atlas, Brussels, 1852–1857.

Poorly arranged and written in often incomprehensible French (the author was a Pole). A work of great erudition marred by the hazardous character of the theories put forth. For the most part on Moslem geography.

Le Noble, Alexandre. Notice sur le Hortus deliciarum, encyclopédie manuscrite composée au douzième siècle par Herrade de Landsberg, abbesse du monastère de Hohenbourg (Sainte Odile) en Alsace, et conservée à la Bibliothèque de Strasbourg, in: Bibliothèque de l’École des Chartes, vol. i, Paris, 1839, pp. 239–261.

Lenormant, François. Magog: Fragments d’une étude sur l’ethnographie du chapitre X de la Genèse, in: Le Muséon: Revue des sciences et des lettres, publiée par la Société Internationale des Lettres et des Sciences, vol. i, Louvain, 1882, pp. 9–48.

LEO ARCHIPRESBYTER. See Landgraf, G.

Lessert, C. Pallu de. L’oeuvre géographique d’Agrippa et d’Auguste, in: Mémoires de la Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France, vol. lxviii, pp. 215–298, Paris, 1909. (Also published separately.)

Letronne, A. Recherches géographiques et critiques sur le livre De mensura orbis terrae, composé en Irlande au commencement du neuvième siècle par Dicuil, suivi du texte restitué, Paris, 1814.

Letronne, [A.] Des opinions cosmographiques des pères de l’église, rapprochées des doctrines philosophiques de la Grèce, in: Revue des deux mondes, series 3, vol. i, Paris, 1834, pp. 601–633.

LIBER DE PROPRIETATIBUS ELEMENTORUM (or LIBER DE ELEMENTIS). Latin translation of an Arabic work falsely attributed to Aristotle in the Middle Ages. Duhem, Système, vol. ii, 1914, p. 226, note 3, refers to a text to be found on fols. 464 vo-469 vo in an edition of the works of Aristotle published in Venice, 1496, “per Gregorium de Gregoriis expensis Benedicti Fontanae.” On manuscripts, see Haskins, Studies, 1924, p. 24.

526Liebrecht, Felix. Des Gervasius von Tilbury Otia imperialia, Hanover, 1856.

Selections from the Otia imperialia with commentary to illustrate the development of Germanic mythology.

Lippmann, E. O. von. Chemisches und Alchemisches aus Aristoteles, in: Archiv für die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, vol. ii, Leipzig, 1910, pp. 233–300.

Little, A. G., edit. Roger Bacon Essays, Contributed by Various Writers on the Commemoration of the Seventh Centenary of His Birth, Oxford, 1914.

Lloyd, J. E. A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest, 2 vols., London, 1911.

LOMBARD, PETER. Libri quattuor sententiarum, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxcii, cols. 519–962. Critical text in the edition of the Opera of Saint Bonaventura, Quaracci, 1882–1889, vols. i-iv.

Lones, T. E. Aristotle’s Researches in Natural Science, London, 1912. A useful introduction.

Lowes, J. L. The Dry Sea and the Carrenare, in: Modern Philology, vol. iii, Chicago, 1905, pp. 1–46.

On the origins of Chaucer’s “Dry Sea” in the history of Prester John and elsewhere.

LUCIDARIUS, edited from the Berlin manuscript by Felix Heidlauf, in: Deutsche Texte des Mittelalters herausgegeben von der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol. xxviii, Berlin, 1915.

See also above, p. 404, note 82.

Ludwig, Friedrich. Untersuchungen über die Reise- und Marschgeschwindigkeit im XII. und XIII. Jahrhundert, Berlin, 1897.

Important investigation of an interesting phase of medieval travel.

Lutz, H. F. Geographical Studies Among Babylonians and Egyptians, in: American Anthropologist, vol. xxvi, N. S., Menasha, Wis., 1924, pp. 160–174.

Lynch, Dr. John (“Gratianus Lucius”). Cambrensis eversus, seu potius historica fides in rebus hibernicis Giraldo Cambrensi abrogata, 1662, edited and translated by Matthew Kelly for the Irish Celtic Society, 3 vols., Dublin, 1848–1851.

MACROBIUS. In somnium Scipionis commentarius, edited by [J. M. N. D.] Nisard in Macrobe (Oeuvres complètes), Varron (De la langue latine), Pomponius Mela (Oeuvres complètes), avec la traduction en français (Collection des auteurs latins, avec la traduction en français, publiée sous la direction de M. Nisard), Paris, 1883, pp. 9–116. Also edited by F. Eyssenhardt, Leipzig, 1893.

MAGISTER GREGORIUS. See GREGORY, MASTER.

Magnússon, E. See LANDNÁMABÓK.

Mâle, Émile. L’art religieux du xiii^e siècle en France: Étude sur l’iconographie du moyen âge et sur ses sources d’inspiration, Paris, 1898, 3rd edit., 1910. English translation by Dora Nussey, Religious Art in France, London, 1913.

Explains, among other matters, the representation of geographic and cosmographic ideas in medieval sculpture, architecture, stained glass, and other forms of artistic expression.

Mâle, Émile. L’art religieux du xii^e siècle en France: Étude sur les origines de l’iconographie du moyen âge, Paris, 1922 (not seen).

527Mandonnet, Pierre. Les idées cosmographiques d’Albert le Grand et de St. Thomas d’Aquin et la découverte de l’Amérique, in: Revue thomiste, vol. i, St. Maximin, 1893.

Mandonnet, Pierre. Siger de Brabant et l’Averroïsme latin au xiii^e siècle, Fribourg, 1899; 2nd edit.: vol. i, constituting: Les philosophes belges: Textes et études, vol. vi, Louvain, 1911; vol. ii, pt. 1, chs. 1–2, constituting op. cit., vol. vii, Louvain, 1908 (sic).

MANEGOLD. Magistri Manegaldi contra Wolfelmum Coloniensem opusculum, in: L. Muratori, Anecdota quae ex Ambrosianae Bibliothecae codicibus nunc primum eruit —, vol. iv, Padua, 1713, pp. 163–208.

Manitius, Karl. See PTOLEMY, CLAUDIUS, I.

Manitius, M. Beiträge zur Geschichte der römischen Prosaiker im Mittelalter, in: Philologus: Zeitschrift für das classische Alterthum, vol. xlix, Göttingen, 1890, pp. 380–384.

Manitius, M. Philologisches aus alten Bibliothekskatalogen (bis 1300), in: Rheinisches Museum, Ergänzungs-Heft, Frankfurt-a-M., 1892.

Manitius, M. Geschichte der lateinischen Literatur des Mittelalters, vol. i, Munich, 1911 (forming vol. ix, pt. 2, section 1, of Iwan von Müller, Handbuch der klassischen Altertumswissenschaft).

MARCO POLO. See POLO, MARCO.

Marinelli, Giovanni. La geografia e i padri della chiesa, in: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, vol. xix, Rome, 1882, pp. 472–498, 532–573. (Also printed separately, Rome, 1882.) Reprinted with additional footnotes by Carlo Errera in Scritti minori di Giovanni Marinelli, vol. i, [1908?], pp. 281–383 (see next title). German translation, with an introduction by Siegmund Günther, by Ludwig Neumann entitled Die Erdkunde bei den Kirchenväter, Leipzig, 1884.

Marinelli, Giovanni. Scritti minori di Giovanni Marinelli: vol. i, Metodo e storia della geografia, Florence, [1908?]; vol. ii, Corografia italiana e questioni didattiche, Florence, [1920?].

Collection of reprints of important monographs, all of which had appeared previously. Additional editorial notes and bibliographical references are given by the editors in the footnotes. The following are the titles of the most interesting monographs from the point of view of medieval geography, with references to the publications in which they were first published: (vol. i, pp. 63–98) Note straboniane, in: Cosmos di Guido Cora, vol. vi, Turin, 1880, pp. 161–180 (also printed separately); (vol. i, pp. 181–279) Intorno agli studi del Dott. Günther sulla storia della geografia matematica e fisica, in: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, vol. xvii, Rome, 1880, pp. 309–332, 469–487, 534–543, 585–596 (also printed separately; forms an extensive review and analysis of Günther, Studien, 1877–1879); (vol. i, pp. 281–383) La geografia e i padri della chiesa (see preceding entry); (vol. i, pp. 385–438) Gog e Magog: Leggenda geografica, in: Cosmos di Guido Cora, vol. vii, Turin, 1882–1883, pp. 155–180, 199–207; (vol. i, pp. 439–448) Un nuovo lavoro sulla storia della geografia medioevale, in: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, vol. xxvii, Rome, 1890, pp. 232–238 (also printed separately; a review of Kretschmer, Die physische Erdkunde, 1889).

Marquart, Josef. Über das Volkstum der Komanen, in: Koenigliche Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, Abhandlungen, Philologisch-historische Klasse, vol. xiii (N. S.), 1912–1914, pp. 25–238.

528MARTIANUS CAPELLA. See CAPELLA, MARTIANUS.

Mas-Latrie, L. de. Traités de paix et de commerce et documents divers concernant les relations des Chrétiens avec les Arabes de l’Afrique septentrionale au moyen âge, Paris, 1866.

The introduction deals with the relations between Europe and North Africa in the Middle Ages and incidentally with the extent of European knowledge of North African geography.

Masson, Gustave. Biblical Literature in France During the Middle Ages: Peter Comestor and Guiart Desmoulins, in: Journal of Sacred Literature, vol. viii (N. S.), London, 1865, pp. 81–106.

MASTER GREGORY. See GREGORY, MASTER.

MATTHEW PARIS. I. Chronica maiora, edited by H. R. Luard (Rolls Series, no. 57), 7 vols., London, 1872–1883. II. On maps see Miller, Mappaemundi, vol. iii, 1895, pp. 68–94.

MAUR, RABAN. See RABAN MAUR.

MELA, POMPONIUS. See POMPONIUS MELA.

METHODIUS, PSEUDO-. See Sackur, E.

Meyer, Paul. Alexandre le Grand dans la littérature française du moyen âge, 2 vols., Paris, 1886.

Thorough study of the Romance in French literature. Also, in vol. ii, a general treatment of the Latin versions.

MICHAEL PSELLOS. See Zervos, C.

MICHAEL SCOT. I. Liber introductorius. Unpublished. On manuscripts see Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922, p. 262, note 6; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 287, note 95. II. Liber particularis. Unpublished. On manuscripts see Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922, p. 266, note 7; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 290, note 117. III. Translation of Al-Bitrūjī’s On the Sphere, unpublished. On manuscripts see Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922, p. 251, note 3; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 273, note 9. IV. Translation of Aristotle’s De caelo. Unpublished. On manuscripts see Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922, p. 256; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 278, note 39.

See Brown, J. W.; Haskins, Michael Scot, 1921–1922; the same, Studies, 1924, pp. 272–298.

Michelant, H. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, VII.

Michelant, H., and Gaston Reynaud, edits. ITINÉRAIRES À JERUSALEM ET LA DESCRIPTION DE LA TERRE SAINTE REDIGÉS EN FRANÇAIS AUX XI^e, XII^e, ET XIII^e SIÈCLES, Geneva, 1882.

Migne, J. P., edit. PATROLOGIAE CURSUS COMPLETUS, SIVE BIBLIOTHECA.... OMNIUM SS. PATRUM, DOCTORUM SCRIPTORUMQUE ECCLESIASTICORUM, QUI AB AEVO APOSTOLICO AD USQUE INNOCENTII III TEMPORA FLORUERUNT...: SERIES LATINA, 221 vols., Paris, 1844–1864. (Referred to in the present work as Migne, Pat. lat.)

Great collection of the writings of the Church Fathers and other medieval authors. The texts in many cases are not critical.

Miller, Konrad. Die Weltkarte des Castorius, genannt die Peutinger’sche Tafel, Ravensburg, 1888. Colored facsimile and explanatory text.

More complete commentary in the same author’s Itin. Romana, 1916.

529Miller, Konrad. Mappaemundi, die ältesten Weltkarten, 6 vols., Stuttgart, 1895–1898.

A series of critical discussions of medieval maps of the world with transliterations of the texts. Profusely illustrated with facsimiles.

Miller, Konrad. Itineraria Romana: Römische Reisewege an der Hand der Tabula Peutingeriana, Stuttgart, 1916.

An elaborate commentary on the Peutinger Table, its sources and influence.

Miller, Konrad. Die Erdmessung im Alterthum und ihr Schicksal, Stuttgart, 1919.

Summary and synthesis of recent investigations regarding ancient and Moslem estimates of the circumference of the earth. See, however, critical review in Petermanns Mitteilungen, vol. lxviii, Gotha, 1922, p. 27.

MIRABILIA URBIS ROMAE, edited by G. Parthey, Berlin, 1869; also edited by H. Jordan in his: Topographie der Stadt Rom im Altertum, vol. ii, Berlin, 1871. English translation by F. M. Nichols, Mirabilia Urbis Romae: The Marvels of Rome, or a Picture of the Golden City, an English Version of the Mediaeval Guidebook, London, 1889.

Molinier, A. See Tobler, T., and A. Molinier.

Mommsen, Theodor. See SOLINUS.

MONUMENTA GERMANIAE HISTORICA, folio series, Hanover, later Berlin, 1826–1874; quarto series, Hanover, later Berlin, 1876ff.

Great collection of historical sources in many volumes relating to the history of Germany and incidentally of Europe as a whole. Divided into five sections: (1) Scriptores; (2) Leges; (3) Diplomata; (4) Epistolae; (5) Antiquitates.

Certain texts published in the Monumenta are also edited in Scriptores rerum germ. in usum scholarum.

MONUMENTA HISTORICA NORVEGIAE. See Storm, G.

Moore, Edward. Studies in Dante: Second Series, Oxford, 1899. Contains The Genuineness of the Quaestio de aqua et terra, pp. 303–374.

Moore, Edward. Studies in Dante: Third Series, Oxford, 1903. Contains The Astronomy of Dante, pp. 1–108; The Geography of Dante, pp. 109–143. The last-named is translated into Italian and reviewed at length by G. Boffito and E. Sanesi, La geografia di Dante secondo Edoardo Moore, in: Rivista geografica italiana, vol. xii, Florence, 1905, pp. 92–101, 204–215.

Mori, Assunto. La misurazione eratostenica del grado ed altre notizie geografiche della “Geometria” di Marciano Capella, in: Rivista geografica italiana, vol. xvii, Florence, 1911, pp. 177–191, 382–391, 584–603.

Mori, Assunto. La geografia nell’opera di Dante, in: Atti dell’ VIII Congresso Geografico Italiano, vol. i, Florence, 1922, pp. 271–299.

Deals with the traditional geography of Dante’s period and with the poet’s original contributions in the field of geography.

Moritz, Eduard. Die geographische Kenntnis von den Nord- und Ostseeküsten bis zum Ende des Mittelalters, pt. 1, in: Wissenschaftliche Beilage zum Jahresbericht der Sophienschule zu Berlin, Berlin, 1904.

Müller, Carl (Carolus Müllerus), edit. GEOGRAPHI GRAECI MINORES, 2 vols., Paris, 1882.

Important collection of the texts of the lesser Greek geographers, with Latin translations.

530Mžik, Hans von. Ptolemaeus und die Karten der arabischen Geographen, in: Mitteilungen der Kaiserlich-koeniglichen Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien, vol. lviii, Vienna, 1915, p. 152–176.

Mžik, Hans von. Afrika nach der arabischen Bearbeitung der Γεωγραφικὴ ὑφήγησις des Claudius Ptolemaeus von Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Ḫwārizmī, edited and translated with commentary by —— (Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Denkschriften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse, vol. lix, Abhandlung 4) Vienna, 1916.

Nallino, C. A. Al-Khuwarizmi et son remaniement de la Géographie de Ptolémée, in: Bulletin de la Société Khédiviale de Géographie, series 4, no. 8, Cairo, Feb. 1896, pp. 525–543.

See BATTĀNĪ, Al-; KHWĀRIZMĪ, Al-, I.

Nansen, Fridtjof. In Northern Mists: Arctic Exploration in Early Times, 2 vols., New York, 1911.

Elaborate history of theories and explorations. References to the sources and many translations.

NECKAM, ALEXANDER. I. De naturis rerum libri duo, edited by Thomas Wright (Rolls Series, no. 34), London, 1863, pp. 1–354. II. De laudibus divinae sapientiae, edited by Thomas Wright (Rolls Series, no. 34), London, 1863, pp. 356–503.

See Esposito, M.

Neubauer, A. Where Are the Ten Tribes? in: Jewish Quarterly Review, vol. i, London, 1888–1889, pp. 14–28, 95–114, 185–201, 408–423.

Nichols, F. M. See MIRABILIA URBIS ROMAE.

NIKULÁS BERGSSON OF THVERÁ, Abbot. Geographical description of the world and itinerary to Rome and the Holy Land (probably in part only the work of Abbot Nikulás). Icelandic text with Latin translation from MS. no. 194 in the Arne Magnússon collection at Copenhagen, in: Werlauff, Symbolae, 1821, pp. 9–34. Also in: C. C. Rafn and others, edits., Antiquités russes d’après les monuments historiques des Islandais et des anciens Scandinaves, published by the Société Royale des Antiquaires du Nord, 2 vols., Copenhagen, 1850–1852, vol. ii, pp. 394–415.

See above, p. 405, note 90.

Norlind, Arnold. Das Problem des gegenseitigen Verhältnisses von Land und Wasser und seine Behandlung im Mittelalter (Lunds Universitets Årsskrift, N. S., pt. 1, vol. xiv, no. 12), Lund and Leipzig, 1918.

On the evolution of ancient and medieval theories regarding the relative positions of earth and water and the interpenetration of the land by channels of water.

Oberhummer, Eugen. Bericht über Lander- und Völkerkunde der antiken Welt, in: Geographisches Jahrbuch, Gotha, vols. xix, 1896, xxii, 1899, xxviii, 1905. (See also vol. xxxiv, 1911.)

See above, p. 492.

ODO OF RHEIMS. Epistola ad Thomam comitem de quodam miraculo S. Thomae Apostoli, in: Zarncke, Priester Johannes, Erste Abhandlung, in: Abhandlungen, vol. vii, 1879, pp. 845–846 (also numbered 19–20).

Oehlmann, E. Die Alpenpässe im Mittelalter, in: Jahrbuch für schweizerische Geschichte, Zurich, vol. iii, 1878, pp. 165–289, vol. iv, 1879, pp. 163–324.

531Oppert, Gustav. Der Presbyter Johannes in Sage und Geschichte, 2nd edit., Berlin, 1870.

ORDERICUS VITALIS. Historia ecclesiastica, edited by Auguste le Prévost and Léopold Delisle (Société de l’Histoire de France, [publ.] no. 6), 5 vols., Paris, 1838–1855. Also in Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxxxviii, cols. 47–984.

ORIGINES ISLANDICAE. See Vigfusson, G., and F. York Powell.

OROSIUS. Historiarum adversus paganos libri VII, edited by C. Zangemeister, Leipzig (Teubner), 1889. Also in: Corpus script. eccles. lat., vol. v, 1882. The geographical chapter alone in: Riese, Geogr. lat. min., 1878, pp. 56–70.

OTTO OF FREISING. I. Chronicon, edited by Adolf Hofmeister, in: Scriptores rerum germ. in usum scholarum, Hanover and Leipzig, 1912. This edition supersedes that in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. xx, pp. 116–301. II. Gesta Friderici I imperatoris cum continuatione Rahewini, edited by G. Waitz, in: Scriptores rerum germ. in usum scholarum, Hanover, 1884. This edition supersedes that in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores, vol. xx, pp. 347–491.

See Hofmeister, A.

Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society. THE LIBRARY OF THE PALESTINE PILGRIMS’ TEXT SOCIETY, 13 vols, and index vol., London, 1897. The individual texts, which were combined under this title, had been issued separately between 1885 and 1897.

English translations of medieval pilgrims’ descriptions of the Holy Land.

Pannenborg, A. Über den Ligurinus, in: Forschungen zur deutschen Geschichte, vol. xi, Munich, 1871, pp. 163–300.

Pannenborg, A. Magister Guntherus und seine Schriften, in: Forschungen zur deutschen Geschichte, vol. xiii, Munich, 1873, pp. 227–331.

Pannenborg, A. Der Verfasser des Ligurinus: Studien zu den Schriften des Magister Gunther, Göttingen, 1884.

Paraskévopoulos, J. S. The Etesiens, in: Monthly Weather Review, vol. 50, Washington, 1922, pp. 417–422.

Pardi, G. L’Italia nel XII secolo descritta da un geografo arabo (Memorie geografiche di Giotto Dainelli pubblicate come supplemento alla “Rivista geografica italiana,” no. 38), Florence, 1919.

A discussion of Edrisi’s geography of Italy.

Paris, Gaston. Dissertation critique sur le poème latin du Ligurinus attribué à Gunther, Paris, 1872.

Paris, Gaston. La Sicile dans la littérature française du moyen âge, in: Romania, vol. v, Paris, 1876, pp. 108–113.

Aims to suggest possibilities of research rather than to stand as a finished study.

Paris, Gaston. La littérature française au moyen âge, 3rd edit., Paris, 1905; 5th edit., 1914. English translation by H. Lynch entitled Medieval French Literature in Temple Primer Series, London, 1902.

Covers the eleventh to the fourteenth centuries. A useful summary and interpretation by a foremost authority.

PARIS, MATTHEW. See MATTHEW PARIS.

Parker, H. The Seven Liberal Arts, in: English Historical Review, vol. v, London, 1890, pp. 417–461.

532PAUL THE DEACON. Historia gentis Langobardorum, in: Mon. Germ. hist., Scriptores rerum langobardicarum, Hanover, 1878. Also in: Scriptores rerum germ. in usum scholarum, Hanover, 1878.

Pelliot, Paul. Chrétiens d’Asie centrale et d’Extrême-Orient, in: T’oung Pao, ou archives concernant l’histoire, les langues, la géographie et l’ethnographie de l’Asie orientale, vol. xv, Leiden, 1914, pp. 623–644.

Summary of recent researches. Includes data on the origins of the legend of Prester John.

Peschel, Oscar. Geschichte der Erdkunde bis auf Alexander von Humboldt und Karl Ritter, 2nd edit., edited by Sophus Ruge, Munich, 1877.

Peschel, Oscar. Abhandlungen zur Erd- und Völkerkunde, 3 vols., Leipzig, 1877–1879.

PETACHIA OF RATISBON. The Travels of Rabbi Petachia of Ratisbon. English translation by A. Benisch and W. F. Ainsworth, London, 1856.

PETER ABELARD. See ABELARD, PETER.

PETER ALPHONSI. See ALPHONSI, PETER.

PETER COMESTOR. See COMESTOR, PETER.

PETER LOMBARD. See LOMBARD, PETER.

PEUTINGER TABLE. See Miller, Weltkarte des Castorius, 1888; the same, Itin. Romana, 1916.

Philipp, Hans. Die historisch-geographischen Quellen in den Etymologiae des Isidorus von Sivillia (Quellen und Forschungen zur alten Geschichte und Geographie herausgegeben von W. Sieglin, nos. 25–26), 2 pts., Berlin, 1912–1913.

Philipps, W. R. The Connection of St. Thomas the Apostle with India, in: The Indian Antiquary, vol. xxxii, Bombay, 1903, pp. 1–15, 145–160.

PLATO. Dialogues, English translation by Benjamin Jowett, The Dialogues of Plato, 5 vols., London, 1892.

PLATO OF TIVOLI. Translation of the Astronomy of Al-Battānī. Manuscript in: Bibliothèque Nationale MSS., fonds latin, no. 7266, fols. 47–112vo. Also published under the title Mahometis Albatenii de scientia stellarum liber, cum aliquot additionibus Joannis Regiomontani, ex Bibliotheca Vaticana transcriptus, Bologna, 1645.

See BATTĀNĪ, Al-; Boncompagni, Delle versione, 1851.

PLINY. Historia naturalis. Edited by C. Mayhoff, C. Plinii Secundi Naturalis historiae libri XXXVII, 6 vols., Leipzig, 1892–1909. The references in the present work are to chapters of this edition. English translation by John Bostock and H. T. Riley, 6 vols. (Bohn’s Classical Library), London, 1855–1857. For the geographical books see D. Detlefsen, Die geographischen Bücher (II, 242-VI Schluss) der Naturalis Historia des C. Plinius Secundus, mit vollständigem kritischen Apparat (Quellen und Forschungen zur alten Geschichte und Geographie herausgegeben von W. Sieglin, no. 9), Berlin, 1904.

See Detlefsen, Geographie Afrikas, 1909; Klotz, A.; Rück, K.

POLO, MARCO. The Book of Ser Marco Polo the Venetian Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East, translated and edited with notes by Sir Henry Yule, 3rd edit. revised by Henri Cordier, 2 vols., London, 1903. Supplemented by: Henri Cordier, Ser Marco Polo: Notes and Addenda to Sir Henry Yule’s Edition, Containing the Results of Recent Research and Discovery, London and New York, 1920.

533POMPONIUS MELA. De situ orbis, edited by [J. M. N. D.] Nisard, in: Macrobe (Oeuvres complètes), Varron (De la langue latine), Pomponius Mela (Oeuvres complètes), avec la traduction en français (Collection des auteurs latins avec la traduction en français, publiée sous la direction de M. Nisard), Paris, 1883. Also edited by G. Parthey, Berlin, 1867.

Poole, R. L. Illustrations of the History of Medieval Thought and Learning, 2nd edit., revised, London, 1920.

Poole, R. L. The Masters of the Schools at Paris and Chartres in John of Salisbury’s Time, in: English Historical Review, vol. xxxv, London, 1920, pp. 321–342.

Potthast, August. Bibliotheca historica medii aevi: Wegweiser durch die Geschichtswerke des europäischen Mittelalters bis 1500, 2nd edit., 2 vols., Berlin, 1896.

See above, pp. 491–492.

Powell, F. York. See SAXO GRAMMATICUS; Vigfusson, G., and F. York Powell.

PRECEPTUM CANONIS PTOLEMEI. Manuscript in Chartres, Bibliothèque Publique, MS. no. 214.

PRESBYTER JOHANNES. See PRESTER JOHN.

PRESTER JOHN. Letters and documents relating to Prester John or supposedly written by him: I. Letter of Prester John, in: Friedrich Zarncke, Der Priester Johannes, Erste Abhandlung, in: Koeniglich-saechsische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Abhandlungen, Philologisch-historische Classe, vol. vii, Leipzig, 1879, pp. 909–924 (also numbered 83–98). For medieval German translations, see Zarncke, ibid., pp. 947–1028 (also numbered 121–202); for other medieval Latin and English versions, see Zarncke, in: Koeniglich-saechisische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Berichte, vol. xxix, Leipzig, 1877, pp. 111–156; vol. XXX, pt. I, 1878, pp. 41–46. II. Elysaeus Account, in: Zarncke, Der Priester Johannes, Zweite Abhandlung, in: Königlich-sächische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Abhandlungen, Philologisch-historische Classe, vol. viii, Leipzig, 1876 (sic), pp. 122–128. III. Letter from Pope Alexander III to Prester John, in: Zarncke. op. cit., Erste Abhandlung, in: Abhandlungen, vol. vii, 1879, pp. 941–944 (also numbered 115–118).

See Bruun, P.; Oppert, G.

Prior, O. H. See IMAGE DU MONDE, L’.

PRISCIAN. Periegesis, edited by C. Müller, Geogr. graeci min., vol. ii, Paris, 1882, pp. 190–199.

PSELLOS, MICHAEL. See Zervos, C.

PSEUDO-ABDIAS. See ABDIAS, PSEUDO-.

PSEUDO-CALLISTHENES. See ALEXANDER THE GREAT, ROMANCE OF, I.

PSEUDO-METHODIUS. See Sackur, E.

PTOLEMY, CLAUDIUS. I. Μαθεματικῆς συντάξεως βιβλία ̅ι̅γ (Mathematical Composition or Almagest), edited by J. L. Heiberg, Claudii Ptolemaei opera quae exstant omnia, vol. i, pts. 1 and 2, Syntaxis mathematica, Leipzig (Teubner), 1898–1903. French translation: Composition mathématique de Claude Ptolemée traduite pour la première fois du grec en français sur les manuscrits originaux de la Bibliothèque imperiale par M. Halma (avec le texte grec) et suivie des notes de M. Delambre, 2 vols., Paris, 1813–1816. German translation: Karl 534Manitius, Des Claudius Ptolemäus Handbuch der Astronomie, Leipzig (Teubner), 1912. The introduction of the last named gives a brief account of the influence of the Almagest in later times. See also above, p. 398, note 32. II. Γεωγραφικὴ ὑφήγησις (Geography). Books i-v edited, with Latin translation, by Carolus Müllerus, Claudii Ptolemaei Geographia, vol. i, pts. 1 and 2, and atlas, Paris, 1883–1901. Complete Greek text edited by C. F. A. Nobbe, Cl. Ptolemaei Geographia, 3 vols., Leipzig, 1888–1913. Also numerous fifteenth- and sixteenth-century editions.

See Dinse, Ptolemäus-Karten, 1913; Fischer, J.; Haskins, C. H., and D. P. Lockwood; Rose, V.; Schütte, G.; Tudeer, L. O. T.

Pullé, F. L. La cartografia antica dell’ India, pt. 2: Il medio-evo europeo e il primo rinascimento, in: Studi italiani di filologia indo-iranica, vol. v, Florence and Pisa, 1905. (Pt. 1, in vol. iv of the Studi italiani, etc., is entitled Disegno della cartografia antica dell’ India, Florence, 1901, and deals with the period “dai principi fino ai Bizantini e agli Arabi”).

RABAN MAUR. De universo, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. cxi, cols. 9–614. See Bertolini, I quattro angoli, 1910.

Rafn, C. C., edit. ANTIQUITATES AMERICANAE, SIVE SCRIPTORES SEPTENTRIONALES RERUM ANTE-COLUMBIANARUM IN AMERICA, Societas Regia Antiquariorum Septentrionalium, Copenhagen, 1837; Supplement, 1841.

Collection of sources of Norse voyages to America with commentary.

RAGEWIN. See OTTO OF FREISING, II.

Rahn, J. R. Die Glasgemälde in der Rosette der Kathedrale von Lausanne: Ein Bild der Welt aus dem XIII. Jahrhundert, in: Mittheilungen der Antiquarischen Gesellschaft in Zürich, vol. xx, 1878–1879, pp. 31(3)-58(30).

Deals with medieval geography as displayed on a stained glass window. A facsimile of the window is given.

Rainaud, Armand. Le continent austral: Hypothèses et découvertes, Paris, 1893.

History of the evolution of theories regarding the antipodes and austral continent and of explorations to the south from early times to the voyages of Cook.

Rand, E. K. Johannes Scottus (Quellen und Forschungen zur lateinischen Philologie des Mittelalters herausgegeben von Ludwig Traube, vol. i, pt. 2), Munich, 1906.

RAVENNA GEOGRAPHER, Anonymous. Cosmographia, edited by M. Pinder and G. Parthey, Ravennatis anonymi Cosmographia et Guidonis Geographica, Berlin, 1860, pp. 1–445.

RAYMOND OF MARSEILLES. Marseilles Tables. Unpublished. On manuscripts see Haskins, Studies, 1924, pp. 96–98, and also above, p. 399, note 41. On a geographical table accompanying the Paris manuscript see J. K. Wright, Knowledge of Latitudes and Longitudes, 1923, pp. 87–88.

Reeves, A. M. THE FINDING OF WINELAND THE GOOD: THE HISTORY OF THE ICELANDIC DISCOVERY OF AMERICA, London, 1890.

Translations of the sources with critical commentary.

Reinhard, R. Pässe und Strassen in den schweizer Alpen: Topographisch-historische Studien, Lucerne, 1903.

535Reinaud, J. T. Mémoire géographique, historique, et scientifique sur l’Inde antérieurement au milieu du xi^e siècle, etc., Paris, 1849.

Reinaud, J. T., on Moslem geography. See ABŪ-L-FIDĀ.

Renan, Ernest. Averroès et l’Averroïsme, 1st edit., Paris, 1852; 3rd edit., Paris, 1866; 4th edit., Paris, 1882.

RERUM BRITANNICARUM MEDII AEVI SCRIPTORES. See “ROLLS SERIES.”

Revelli, P. Una “rosa dei venti” del secolo ix, in: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, vol. xlvii, Rome, 1910, pp. 269–279.

Rey, E. Les colonies franques de Syrie aux xii^e et xiii^e siècles, Paris, 1883.

On society, economic conditions, and life.

Rey, E. Géographie historique de la Syrie au temps des croisades: Formation des noms de lieux avec index des localités occupées en Syrie par les Francs au xii^e et xiii^e siècles, Geneva, n. d.

Reynaud, G. See Michelant, H., and G. Reynaud.

Riese, Alexander, edit. GEOGRAPHI LATINI MINORES, Heilbronn, 1878.

Important collection of texts of the writings of the lesser Latin geographers.

Robbins, F. E. The Hexaemeral Literature: A Study of the Greek and Latin Commentaries on Genesis (Doctoral Dissertation, University of Chicago, 1912).

Includes useful material on classical and medieval theories of cosmogony.

ROBERT DE CLARI. La prise de Constantinople, edited by Charles Hopf, in his Chroniques gréco-romanes inédites ou peu connues, Berlin, 1873, pp. 1–85.

ROBERT GROSSETESTE. See GROSSETESTE, ROBERT.

ROBERT OF RETINES (ROBERT OF KETENE, ROBERT OF CHESTER). I. Translation of the Astronomy of Al-Battānī. No text of this is known. See above p. 398, note 36. II. Adaptation to the meridian of London of tables of Az-Zarqalī and Al-Battānī. Unpublished. See Haskins, Reception, 1915, p. 64; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 122. III. Adaptation of Adelard of Bath’s translation of the Khorazmian Tables to the meridian of London. Unpublished. See Haskins, Reception, 1915, pp. 64–65; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 123.

ROGER OF HEREFORD. I. Theorica planetarum. Unpublished. II. Tables for the meridian of Hereford based on tables for Toledo and Marseilles. Unpublished.

On manuscripts see Haskins, Reception, 1915, p. 66; the same, Studies, 1924, p. 125.

ROGER OF HOVEDEN (HOWDEN). Chronica, edited by William Stubbs (Rolls Series, no. 51), 4 vols., London, 1868–1871.

Röhricht, Reinhold. Bibliotheca geographica Palaestinae, Berlin, 1890.

“ROLLS SERIES.” Customary designation of RERUM BRITANNICARUM MEDII AEVI SCRIPTORES, OR CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES, published by authority of Her Majesty’s Treasury, under direction of the Master of the Rolls, London, 1858–1891.

536Roscher, W. H. Omphalos, in: Koeniglich-saechsische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Abhandlungen, Philologisch-historische Klasse, vol. xxix, Leipzig, 1913, pp. 1–140.

Roscher, W. H. Neue Omphalosstudien, in: Koeniglich-saechsische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Abhandlungen, Philologisch-historische Klasse, vol. xxi, Leipzig, 1915, pp. 1–90.

Rose, Valentin. Ptolemäus und die Schule von Toledo, in: Hermes: Zeitschrift für classische Philologie, vol. viii, Berlin, 1874, pp. 327–349.

Rose, Valentin, on Arnold the Saxon. See ARNOLD THE SAXON.

Rück, Karl. Auszüge aus der Naturgeschichte des C. Plinius Secundus in einem astronomisch-komputistischen Sammelwerke des achten Jahrhunderts, Programm des Ludwigsgymnasiums in München, Munich, 1888.

Rück, Karl. Die Naturalis Historia des Plinius im Mittelalter: Exzerpte aus der Naturalis Historia auf den Bibliotheken zu Lucca, Paris und Leiden, in: Koeniglich-bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München, Sitzungsberichte, Philosophisch-philologische und historische Classe, vol. ii, Munich, 1898, pp. 203–318.

Rück, Karl. Das Exzerpt der Naturalis Historia des Plinius von Robert von Cricklade, in: Koeniglich-bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München, Sitzungsberichte, Philosophisch-philologische und historische Classe, Munich, 1902, pp. 195–285.

RUDOLF OF HOHEN-EMS. See Doberentz, O.

Ruge, Sophus, and Walther Ruge. Die Litteratur zur Geschichte der Erdkunde vom Mittelalter an, in: Geographisches Jahrbuch, Gotha, vols. xviii, 1895, pp. 1–60; xx, 1897, pp. 217–248; xxiii, 1900, pp. 173–212; xxvi, 1903, pp. 175–218; xxx, 1907, pp. 329–380.

See above, p. 492.

RUPERT OF DEUTZ. De sancta trinitate et operibus eius, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. clxvii, cols. 199–1828.

Sackur, Ernst. Sibyllinische Texte und Forschungen, Halle, 1898.

Data on early medieval prophecies of the end of the world, including the Pseudo-Methodius.

SACROBOSCO. See JOHN OF HOLYWOOD.

SAEWULF. De situ Hierusalem, edited by A. d’Avezac (Recueil de voyages et de mémoires publiées par la Société de Géographie, vol. iv, pp. 817–854), Paris, 1839. English translation in Thomas Wright, Early Travels, 1848, pp. 31–50. Also translation by Canon Brownlow in Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society, Library, vol. iv, London, 1897.

SAGAS, THE. For editions, see Hermannsson, Bibl. Icelandic Sagas, 1908; the same, Bibl. Sagas Kings, 1910.

Sandys, Sir J. E. A History of Classical Scholarship, 3rd edit., vol. i, From the Sixth Century B. C. to the End of the Middle Ages, Cambridge, 1921.

Santarem, [M. F.] Le Vicomte de. Essai sur l’histoire de la cosmographie et de la cartographie pendant le moyen âge, etc., 3 vols. and atlas, Paris, 1849–1852.

An elaborate study. Vol. i contains a general summary of the development of cartography and geographic theories during the early Middle Ages. Though largely out of date in details, this great work is still one of the primary approaches to medieval geography.

537SAXO GRAMMATICUS. Gesta Danorum, edited by Alfred Holder, Strasburg, 1886. English translation: The First Nine Books of the Danish History of Saxo Grammaticus, translated by Oliver Elton, with some considerations on Saxo’s sources, historical methods, and folk lore, by Frederick York Powell, London, 1894.

Scala, R. von. Das Fortleben der eratosthenischen Masse, in: Verhandlungen des achtzehnten deutschen Geographentages zu Innsbruck, Berlin, 1912, pp. 206–217.

Schaube, Adolf. Handelsgeschichte der romanischen Völker des Mittelmeergebiets bis zum Ende der Kreuzzüge, Munich and Berlin, 1906.

Valuable from the geographic point of view for the light it throws on the extent of travel of Mediterranean peoples during the Middle Ages.

Scheffel, P. H. Verkehrsgeschichte der Alpen: vol. i, Bis zum Ende des Ostgotenreiches Theodorichs des Grossen; vol. ii, Das Mittelalter; Berlin, 1908, 1914.

Schmidt, W. Über Dante’s Stellung in der Geschichte der Kosmographie, Graz, 1876 (not seen).

Schneid, M. Die Lehre von der Erdrundung und Erdbewegung im Mittelalter, in: Historisch-politische Blätter für das katholische Deutschland, vol. lxxx, no. 6, Munich, 1877, pp. 433–451.

Reply from Catholic point of view to a paper of same title in S. Günther’s Studien, 1877–1879.

Schneider, Artur. Die abendländische Spekulation des zwölften Jahrhunderts in ihrem Verhältnis zur aristotelischen und jüdisch-arabischen Philosophie, in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters herausgegeben von C. Baeumker, vol. xvii, pt. 4, Münster, 1915.

Schoy, Carl. Die geschichtliche Entwicklung der Polhöhenbestimmung bei den älteren Völkern (Dissertation, University of Munich, 1911).

Schoy, Carl. Längenbestimmung und Zentralmeridian bei den älteren Völkern, Mitteilungen der Kaiserlich-koeniglichen Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien, vol. lviii, Vienna, 1915, pp. 27–62.

Schoy, Carl. Erdmessungen bei den Arabern, in: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1917, pp. 431–445.

Schoy, Carl. Aus der astronomischen Geographie der Araber: Originalstudien aus “Al-Qânûn al-Masʿûdî” des arabischen Astronomen Muḥ. b. Ahmed Abû’l-Rîḥân al-Bîrûnî (973–1048), in: Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Civilization, vol. v, pt. 1, Brussels, 1923, pp. 51–74.

Schoy, Carl. The Geography of the Moslems of the Middle Ages, in: Geographical Review, vol. xiv, New York, 1924, pp. 257–269.

Schröder, Carl. See BRANDAN, Saint.

Schulte, A. Geschichte des mittelalterlichen Handels und Verkehrs zwischen Westdeutschland und Italien mit Ausschluss von Venedig, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1900.

Includes data on the Alpine passes in the Middle Ages.

Schütte, Gudmund. Ptolemy’s Maps of Northern Europe, Copenhagen, 1917.

SCOT, MICHAEL. See MICHAEL SCOT.

SCOTUS ERIGENA. See JOHN SCOT ERIGENA.

538SCRIPTORES RERUM GERMANICARUM IN USUM SCHOLARUM EX MONUMENTIS GERMANIAE HISTORICIS RECUSI, Hanover, 1840 ff. The volumes of this series are not numbered, only dated.

Important collection of sources based on Mon. Germ. hist. In some cases the texts are revisions and improvements over those of the Monumenta.

SCRIPTURE. See BIBLE.

SENECA. Quaestiones naturales, edited by Alfred Gercke, Naturalium quaestionum libri VIII, Leipzig (Teubner), 1907. English translation: John Clarke, Physical Science in the Time of Nero, Being a Translation of the Quaestiones Naturales of Seneca, with notes by Sir Archibald Geikie, London, 1910.

Shadwell, C. L. See DANTE, V.

SIGURD THE CRUSADER. The Saga of Sigurd the Crusader, in Snorri Sturluson’s Heimskringla. See Hermannsson, Bibl. Sagas Kings, 1910, pp. 19–30. English translation in Thomas Wright, Early Travels, 1848, pp. 50–62.

Simar, T. La géographie de l’Afrique centrale dans l’antiquité et au moyen âge, Brussels, 1912. Also published in: Revue Congolaise, vol. iii, Brussels, 1912, pp. 1–23, 81–102, 145–169, 225–252, 289–310, 440–441.

A thorough and well-documented study of the evolution of ancient and medieval knowledge of Central Africa.

Singer, Charles. The Scientific Views and Visions of Saint Hildegard, in: Charles Singer, edit., Studies in the History and Method of Science, vol. i, Oxford, 1917, pp. 1–55.

Singer, Charles. Daniel of Morley, An English Philosopher of the XIIth Century, in: Isis: International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Civilization, vol. iii, Brussels, 1920, pp. 263–269.

SITU ORBIS, DE. M. Manitius, edit., Anonymi de situ orbis, Stuttgart, 1884.

A compilation dating from the end of the ninth century.

SITU TERRARUM, DE. See HUGH OF ST. VICTOR, VI.

SNORRI STURLUSON. I. Heimskringla. On editions see Hermannsson, Bibl. Sagas Kings, 1910, pp. 19–30. English translation by William Morris and Eirikr Magnûsson in: The Saga Library, vols. iii-vi, London, 1893–1905. II. Snorra Edda (Snorri’s Edda). On editions see Hermannsson, Bibl. Eddas, 1920, pp. 74–79. English translations: R. B. Anderson, The Younger Edda, Also Called Snorre’s Edda, or the Prose Edda: An English Version of the Foreword; the Fooling of Gylfe; the Afterword; Brage’s Talk; the Afterword to Brage’s Talk; and Important Passages of the Poetical Diction (Skaldskaparmal), Chicago, 1880; A. G. Brodeur, The Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson, New York, 1916 (not seen).

SOLINUS. C. Iulii Solini collectanea rerum memorabilium, edited by Theodor Mommsen, Berlin, 1895.

See Columba, G. M.

SPECULUM REGALE. See KONUNGS-SKUGGSJÁ.

Spitta, Wilhelm. Die Geographie des Ptolemaeus bei den Arabern, in: Verhandlungen des fünften internationalen Orientalisten-Congresses, pt. 2, Abhandlungen und Vorträge, vol. i, Berlin, 1882, pp. 19–28.

539Stange, Emil. Arnoldus Saxo, der älteste Enzyklopädist des XIII. Jahrhunderts (Dissertation, University of Halle, 1885).

Stange, Emil. On Arnold the Saxon, in: Programm des königlichen Gymnasiums zu Erfurt, 1905–1907 (not seen).

Steele, Robert. Roger Bacon and the State of Science in the Thirteenth Century, in: Charles Singer, edit., Studies in the History and Method of Science, vol. ii, Oxford, 1921, pp. 121–150.

Steele, Robert. See BARTHOLOMEW ANGLICUS.

Stegmann, Otto. Die Anschauungen des Mittelalters über die endogenen Erscheinungen der Erde (Dissertation, University of Tübingen, 1913). Also in: Archiv für die Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, vol. iv, Leipzig, 1913, pp. 243–269.

Steinschneider, Moritz. Études sur Zarkali, astronome arabe du xi^e siècle, et ses ouvrages, in: Bollettino di bibliografia e di storia della scienze matematiche e fisiche pubblicato da B. Boncompagni, Rome, vols. xiv, 1881, pp. 171–182; xvi, 1883, pp. 493–527; xvii, 1884, pp. 765–794; xviii, 1885, pp. 343–360; xx, 1887, pp. 1–36, 575–604.

Steinschneider, Moritz. Die hebräischen Übersetzungen des Mittelalters und die Juden als Dolmetscher: Ein Beitrag zur Literaturgeschichte des Mittelalters, 2 vols., Berlin, 1893.

Steinschneider, Moritz. Die europäischen Übersetzungen aus dem Arabischen bis Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts, in: Kaiserlich-koenigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Sitzungsberichte, Philosophisch-historische Klasse, Vienna, vol. cxlix, 1905, pp. 1–84; vol. cli, 1906, pp. 1–108.

This and the preceding are arranged alphabetically by authors’ or translators’ names and by titles.

Storm, Gustav, edit. MONUMENTA HISTORICA NORVEGIAE: LATINSKE KILDESKRIFTER TIL NORGES HISTORIE I MIDDELALDEREN, Christiania, 1880.

Collection of texts of several medieval histories of Norway, including Historia Norwegiae and Theodricus Monachus, Historia de antiquitate regum norwagensium.

Stubbs, William. See BENEDICT OF PETERBOROUGH; GERVASE OF CANTERBURY; ROGER OF HOVEDEN.

STURLUSON, SNORRI. See SNORRI STURLUSON.

Suchier, H. See BRANDAN, Saint.

SULPICIUS SEVERUS. Dialogus, in: Migne, Pat. lat., vol. xx, cols. 183–222.

Suter, Heinrich. Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber und ihre Werke, in: Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der mathematischen Wissenschaften, etc., vol. x and vol. xiv, pp. 155–185, Leipzig, 1900, 1902.

Suter, Heinrich, on the Kharazmian Tables. See KHWĀRIZMĪ, Al-, II.

SYLVESTER, BERNARD. See BERNARD SYLVESTER.

SYLVESTER II (Pope). See GERBERT.

TABULA PEUTINGERIANA. See Miller, Weltkarte des Castorius, 1888; the same, Itin. Romana, 1916.

Thalamas, A. Étude bibliographique de la géographie d’Ératosthène, Versailles, 1921.

Thalamas, A. La géographie d’Ératosthène, Versailles, 1921.

540THEODERIC (Pilgrim). Libellus de locis sanctis, edited by T. Tobler, St. Gall and Paris, 1865. English translation by Aubrey Stewart, Theoderich’s Description of the Holy Places (circa 1172 A. D.), London, 1891 (in: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society, Library, vol. v, London, 1897).