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The Bontoc Igorot

Table of Contents

Reading edition

Letter of Transmittal

Illustrations

Preface

Introduction

The Igorot Culture Group Igorot land Igorot peoples

The Bontoc Culture Group Bontoc culture area Marks of Bontoc culture The Bontoc man Introduction Historical sketch Somatology

General Social Life The pueblo Ato The family Childbirth Twins Abortion Child Life in olag Marriage The aged Sickness, disease, and remedies Death and burial

Economic Life Production Natural production Cultural production Division of labor Wages, and exchange of labor Distribution Theft Conquest Consumption Foods Beverages Salt Sugar Meals and mealtime Transportation Commerce Barter Sale Medium of exchange Measure of exchange value Standard of value Trade routes Trade languages and traders Stages of commerce Property right Personal property of individual Personal property of group Real property of individual Real property of group Public property Sale of property Rent, loan, and lease of property Inheritance and bequest Tribute, tax, and “rake off”

Political Life and Control Crimes, detection and punishment

War and Head-Hunting

Æsthetic Life Dress Decoration Tattoo Music Instrumental music Vocal music Dancing Games Formalities

Religion Spirit belief Exorcist Lumawig, the Supreme Being “Changers” in religion Priesthood Sacred days Ceremonials Ceremonies connected with agriculture Ceremonies connected with climate Ceremonies connected with head taking Ceremony connected with ato

Mental Life Actual knowledge Mensuration Folk tales The sun man and moon woman; or, origin of head-hunting Origin of coling, the serpent eagle Origin of tilin, the ricebird Origin of kaag, the monkey Origin of gayyang, the crow, and fanias, the large lizard Owug, the snake Who took my father’s head?

Language Introduction Alphabet Linguistic inconsistencies Nouns Pronouns Verbs Comparative vocabularies Bontoc vocabulary English, with Bontoc equivalent

Plates

Page 9

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