Comparative vocabularies
Reading edition
About eighty-five words have been selected expressing simple ideas. These are given in the Bontoc Igorot language and as far as possible in the Benguet Igorot; they are also given in the Malay and the Sulu languages.
Of eighty-six words in both Malay and Bontoc 32 per cent are clearly Page 232derived from the same root words, and of eighty-four words in the Sulu and Bontoc 45 per cent are from the same root words. Of sixty-eight words in both Malay and Benguet 34 per cent are from the same root words, and 47 per cent of sixty-seven Benguet and Sulu words are from the same root words. Of sixty-four words in Bontoc and Benguet 58 per cent are the same or nearly the same.
These facts suggest the movement of the Philippine people from the birthplace of the parent tongue, and also the great family of existing allied languages originating in the primitive Malayan language. They also suggest that the Bontoc and the Benguet peoples came away quite closely allied from the original nest, and that they had association with the Sulu later than with the Malay.
[In the following compilation works have been consulted respectively as follows: Malay—Hugh Clifford and Frank Athelstane Swettenham, A Dictionary of The Malay Language (Taiping, Perak; in parts, Part I appearing 1894, Part III appearing 1904); Sulu—Andson Cowie, English-Sulu-Malay Vocabulary, with Useful Sentences, Tables, etc. (London, 1893); Benguet Igorot—Otto Scheerer, The Ibaloi Igorot, MS. in MS. Coll., The Ethnological Survey for the Philippine Islands.]
English Malay Sulu Benguet Igorot Bontoc Igorot
Ashes Abu Abū Dĕ-pok Cha-pu′
Bad Jăhat (wicked) Mang-i, ngi … Ngag
Black Hîtam Ītam An-to′-leng Ĭn-ni′-tĭt
Blind Buta Būta Sa-gei a ku′-rab4 Na-ki′-mĭt
Blood Dârah Dūgūh Cha′-la Cha′-la
Bone Tūlang Bûkog Pu′-gil Ung-ĕt′
Burn, to Bâkar Sūnog … Fĭn-mi′-chan
Chicken Ânak âyam Anak-manok … Mo-nok′
Child Ânak Batah, anak A-a′-nak Ong-ong′-a
Come Mâri Mārī … A-li-ka′
Cut, to Pôtong Hoyah Kom-pol′ Kû-ke′-chun
Day Hâri Adlau A-kou A-qu′
Die, to Mâti Matāi … Ma-ti′
Dog Anjing Erok A-su′ A′-su
Drink, to Mînum Hinom, minom … U-mi-num′
Ear Tĕlinga Tāīnga Tañg-i′-da Ko-wĕng′
Earthquake Gĕmpa tânah Linog Yêk-yêk Ye′-ga
Eat, to Mâkan Ka-aun Kanin Mang-an′, Ka-kan′
Eight Dilâpan Wālū Gua′-lo Wa-lo′
Eye Mâta Māta Ma-ta Ma-ta′
Father Bâba Amah A-ma A′-ma
Finger nail Kuku Kūkū Ko-go Ko-ko′
Fire Âpi Kāyu A-pui A-pu′-i
Five Lîma Līma Di′-ma Li-ma′
Foot Kâki Sīki Cha-pan Cha-pan′
Four Ămpat Opat Ap′-pat I-pat′
Fruit Bûah Būnga-kāhōl Damös Fi-kûs′-na
Get up, to Bangun Bāngun … Fo-ma-ong′
Good Baik Maraiau … Cûg-a-wis′
Grasshopper Bi-lâlang Ampan Chu′-ron Cho′-chon
Ground (earth) Tânah Lōpah Bu′-dai Lu′-ta
Hair of head Rambut Būhōk Bu-ög Fo-ok′
Hand Tângan Līma Di-ma Li-ma′, Ad-pa′
Head Kĕpâla Ō Tok-tok O′-lo
Hear, to Dĕngar Dŭngag … Chûng-nĕn′
Here Sîni Dī, di-ha-īnni Chiai Īs′-na
Hog Bâbi Baboi Ke-chil Fu-tug′
I Shaya Aku Sikak; Sidiak Sak-ĭn′Page 233
Kill, to Bûnoh Būnoh Bunu′-in Na-fa′-kûg
Knife Pisau Lāding Ta′-ad Kĭ-pan′
Large Bĕsar Dākolah Abatek Chûk-chûk′-i
Lightning Kîlat Kīlat Ba-gi′-dat Yûp-Yûp
Louse Kutu Kūtu Ku-to Ko′-to
Man Ôrang Tāu Da′-gi La-la′-ki
Monkey Mûnyit, Kra Amok Ba-ges Ka-ag′
Moon Bûlan Būlan Bu′-lan Fu-an′
Mortar (for rice) Lĕsong Lūsong … Lu-song′
Mother Mak, ību Īnah I-na I′-na
Night Mâlam Dûm Kal-leian, A-da′-wi Mas-chim, la-fi′
Nine S’ambîlan Sīam Dsi′-am Si-am′
No Tîdak Wāim di … A-di′
Nose Hîdong Īlong A-dĕng I-lĭng′
One Sâtu, suâtu, sa Īsa Sa-gei′ I-sa′
Rain Hûjan Ūlan U′-ran O-chan′
Red Mêrah Pūla, lāg Am-ba′-alañg-a Lang-at′
Rice (threshed) Padi Pāi … Pa-kü′
Rice (boiled) Nasi K’aun-an I-na-pui Mak-an′
River Sungei Sōbah Pa′-dok Wang′-a
Run, to Lâri Dāg-an … Ĭn-tûg′-tug
Salt Gâram Āsin A-sin Si′-mut
Seven Tûjoh Pĕto Pit′-to Pi-to′
Sit, to Dûdok Lingkūd … Tu-muck′-chu
Six Anam Ûnom An-nim I-nĭm′
Sky Langit Lāngit Dang-it Chay′-ya
Sleep, to Tîdor Ma-tōg … Ma-si-yĭp′
Small Kĕchil Asīvī O-o′-tik Fan-ĭg′
Smoke Âsap Aso A-sok A-sok′
Steal, to Mĕn-chûri Takau Magibat Mang-a-qu′
Stone Bâtu Bātu Ba-to Ba-to
Sun Mâta-Hâri Māta sŭga A-kau, Si-kit A-qu′
Talk, to Bĕr-châkap Nŭg-pāmong … Ĕn-ka-li′
Ten Sa’pûloh Hangpoh Sam-pu′-lo Sĭm-po′-o
There Di-sîtu, Di-sâna Ha ietu, dūn Chitan, Chiman Ĭs′-chi
Three Tîga Tō Tad′-do To-lo′
To-morrow Êsok, Besok Kin-shûm Ka-bua-san A-swa′-kus
Tree Pôko’kâyu Kăhōi Po-on Cha-pon′, Kay′-o
Two Dûa Rūa, Dūa Chu′-a Chu′-wa
Walk, to Bĕr-jâlan Panau … Ma-na′-lûn
Water Âyer Tūbig Cha-num Chĕ-num′
White Pûteh Ma-pūtih Am-pu-ti′ Ĭm-po′-kan
Wind Angin Hangin Cha-num Chĕ-num′
Woman Prĕmpûan Babai Bi-i, a-ko′-dau Fa-fay′-i
Wood Kâyu Kāhōl Ki′-u Kay′-o
Yellow Kûning … Chu-yao5 Fa-kĭng′-i
Yes Ya … … Ay
You (singular) Ankau Ēkau Sikam Sĭk′-a
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