LESSON XXV
Reading edition
El miedo hace esclavos. La esclavitud hace rebeldes.[25]
—Tomayo y Baus.
75. English right as a noun indicating that which is legal, or permissible, is translated derecho.
I haven't the right to take it away with me.
No tengo el derecho de llevármelo.
(a) To be right as the opposite of to be wrong or mistaken is rendered tener razón; meaning to be just it is ser justo.
Was it right to leave the boy in that deserted place?
¿Era justo dejar al muchacho en aquel lugar desierto?
—EMILIA PARDO BAZÁN.
Uncle is right. We must send him to Paris.
Tiene razón el tío. Debemos mandarle a París.—RAMOS CARRIÓN.
(b) As the opposite of left, right is derecho.
In her right hand she held a lamp.
En la mano derecha tenía una lámpara.
The phrases on the right and to the right are rendered a la derecha.
St. Mark's church is on the right.
La iglesia de San Marcos se halla a la derecha.
(c) All right is translated bueno or bien.
All right, then. I'll give you a dollar for it. That's all right, isn't it?
Bueno, entonces. Le daré un duro por él. Está bien, ¿no?
76. When duty is expressed, English must is translated deber. When must expresses what is probably true, deber de is the translation. To express necessity, tener que is used.
Children must obey their parents.
Los niños deben obedecer a sus padres.
He must have a high opinion of her.
Debe de tener un alto concepto de ella.—JUAN VALERA.
I must go to the city to-day.
Tengo que ir a la ciudad hoy.
(a) When must is followed by a passive infinitive, hay que or ha de is used with the infinitive. Hay que also translates the impersonal one (we, you, they, people) must.
It mustn't be said that this meeting was in vain.
No ha de decirse que este encuentro fué en vano.
—EMILIA PARDO BAZÁN.
One must talk of that. One must remember that.
Hay que hablar de eso. Hay que acordarse de eso.
—FERNÁN CABALLERO.
(b) Expressing conjecture or probability must is often translated by the future and conditional of the verb which in English is the complementary infinitive with must. The future translates the present, and the conditional the perfect infinitive.
He must know something about it. He must have worn something.
Algo sabrá de eso. Algo se pondría.—LOS QUINTERO.
It must be because she did it. It must have been that.
Será porque ella lo haya hecho. Eso sería.
77. EXERCISES
(a) 1. Llaman a la puerta. Serán ellos. 2. Su hermano debe de ser cómplice. 3. La hazaña debió de suceder anoche. 4. No debes llorar sin decirme por qué. 5. Ha de perdonarme usted si soy un poco malicioso. 6. No hay que apurarse. Estará bueno en un momento. 7. Usted debe de haber visto la casa en donde vivo. 8. Debe de ser esa casa blanca a la derecha. 9. No hay que esperarlos hoy. Tienen razón en no venir. 10. Serían las tres cuando al fin llegaron.
(b) 1. I must write a letter to a friend who is ill. 2. That man must have a very poor memory. 3. I have brought you a dozen eggs. Is that all right? 4. It is not right to tell a child what he must do and not help him to do it. 5. On the right of the avenue was (hallarse) a beautiful park. 6. Look what I have written. It is all right, isn't it? 7. The bell rang, didn't it? It must be the postman. 8. It must have been John who telephoned me last night. 9. Is this bill right? It must be. It seems to be all right. 10. I must telephone him and tell him that it must be done before night.