INDEX

Agyba, Hilany, 110

Alix, 319

Ammon, 217

Aristotle, 9

Auvard, Alfred, 175

Bajenoff, N., 250

Bateson, William, 63

Beethoven, Ludwig v., 268

Bellini, 264

Bencivenni, Ildebrando, 15

Benedickt, 446

Bianco, 131

Bichat, Xavier, 183

Binet, Alfred, 184, 217, 219, 223, 230, 231, 235, 244, 250, 273, 274, 275

Bischoff, Theodor L. W., 229

Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich, 320

Bonnifay, Jules, 165, 166, 235

Borghese, Pauline, 267, 270

Botticelli, Sandro, 80

Boxich, G. T., 101, 102

Boyd, 225, 227

Broca, Paul, 1, 2, 201, 208, 210, 212, 213, 221, 228, 229, 243, 250, 251, 254, 321, 364, 377, 382

Brugia, Raffaele, 244, 271, 355

Bruno, Giordano, 340

Buffon, 110

Byron, Lord, 256

Cabanis, 135

Caianus, 110

Calcagni, Menotti, 416

Calori, 229

Camper, 370, 382

Carducci, Giosue, 15, 470

Carrara, Mario, 318

Cassan, 154

Cavalieri, Lina, 264, 267

Celli, 160

Cervesato, 153

Collignon, René, 73, 381

Correns, 50

Cromwell, Oliver, 256

Cuénot, Lucien, 51

Cuvier, 256, 260

Daffner, Franz, 138, 236, 237

Dante, 246, 359

Darbishire, 55

Darwin, Charles, 2, 3, 46, 264, 280, 340, 455

Davenport, Charles Benedict, 455

De Giovanni, Achille, 11-14, 17, 96, 98, 99, 101, 364, 428, 465

Deniker, Joseph, 109, 110, 211, 217, 242, 243

De Sanctis, Sante, 146, 149, 151, 156, 281, 319, 352, 408, 409, 425, 446

Dubois, Eugène, 192, 257

Duncan, 173

Dunker, 455

Fawcette, 217

Fenelon, 142

Féré, Ch., 301

Ferri, Enrico, 250

Ferriani, Lino, 413

Figueira, Fernandes, 113

Fraebelius, 296

Galton, Francis, 455

Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 340

Geffroy-Saint-Hilaire, Éttienne, 46

Godin, Paul, 83, 182, 282, 298, 309, 325

Goethe, 469

Goldstein, 284, 296

Gosio, 137

Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich, 38, 200, 343

Heinke, 455

Helguero, Fernando de, 460

Herodotus, 340

Hertoghe, 155

Höller, von, 208

Homer, 339

Hrdlička, Ales, 84, 128, 218, 349

Humphry, 200

Huxley, 38

Hurst, C. C., 50

Ingerslevs, 173

Jaest, 110

James, William, 140

Johannson, 217

Koch, Robert, 159

Kollman, 210

Laloy, 40

Lamarck, 2, 46

Lange, 140

Lapique, Louis, 257

Lasegue, 146

Lebon, 230, 250

Lelut, 338

Leopardi, 244

Le Play, 452, 453

Lexis, 115

Linnaeus, 2, 320

Livi, Ridolfo, 110, 111, 129, 181, 182, 183, 215, 218, 369, 393, 397, 402

Lombroso, Cesare, 4-10, 11, 14, 17, 67, 101, 103, 244, 257, 339, 340, 341, 343, 351, 384, 411, 416, 445

Lombroso, Gina, 313

Luccheni, 15

Luciani, Luigi, 153

Ludwig, 455

MacDonald, 85, 167

Mahomed, 135

Malpighi, Marcello, 319

Mancini, Maria, 264

Manouvrier, Léon, 74, 76, 81, 88, 90, 91, 119, 230, 257, 258, 268, 375

Mantegazza, Paolo, 261

Marconi, Guglielmo, 15

Marro, Antonio, 130, 131, 142

Massa, Signorina, 185, 293

Massini, 224, 225

Maurel, 299, 301

Mazzoni, Ofelia, 288

Meckel, 154

Mendel, Gregor, 50, 51, 53, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 455, 460

Messedaglia, 257

Meunier, 176

Michelangelo, 340

Mill, John Stuart, 10

Misdea, Michele, 412

Moige, 148

Moleschott, Jakob, 340

Monti, 364

Morel, 6, 339

Morselli, Enrico, 6, 21-23, 319, 344

Mosso, Angelo, 364

Musolino, 15

Naegeli, Karl Wilhelm von, 46, 47

Newton, Sir Isaac, 398

Niceforo, Alfredo, 19, 127, 182, 184, 253

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 251

Oloriz, 130

Pagliani, 131, 296

Parchappe, 250

Pastorello, 419

Pearson, Karl, 217

Pieraccini, 120, 121

Pinard, 173

Purkinje, 319

Quétélet, Lambert Adolphe-Jacques, 10, 65, 110, 113, 117, 179, 217, 233, 234, 235, 295, 297, 391, 393, 398, 400, 454, 455, 459, 469

Ranke, 210

Retzius, Anders Adolph, 207, 208, 210, 212, 213

Rosa, 48, 49, 50

Rossi, 345, 347, 348

Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 141, 355

Rubens, 80

Russell, 50

Rütimeyer, Louis, 208

Sacchi, 164

Sandler, 118

Schafer, 173

Schiller, 256

Schultze, 38

Séguin, Édouard, 33, 426, 449

Sergi, Giuseppe, 14-21, 60, 62, 109, 202, 205, 207, 208, 209, 243, 270, 323, 327, 371, 428, 450, 451

Sergi, Sergio, 221, 247, 327

Sick, 152, 153

Simon, 223

Stoppato, 153

Stratz, 86, 113

Tarde, 261

Thulié, Henri, 441

Topinard, Paul, 110, 210, 211, 243

Tschermack, E., 50

Türcker, Ada, 412

Veronese, Paolo, 104

Verworn, 39

Vierordt, 180

Viola, Giacinto, 65, 364, 455, 461, 463, 464, 465, 468

Virchow, Rudolf, 208, 243

Vitali, Vitale, 232, 235

Vitruvius, 315

Voltaire, 140

Vries, Hugo de, 47, 50, 62, 455

Wagner, 228

Welcker, Hermann, 200, 224, 225

Wernicke, 173

Westermarck, 217

Winckel, 172

Zander, 154

Zanolli, Velio, 257

Zimmermann, 314

Abdomen, measurements of the, 386

Abnormal types of man, 94

Abortion due to syphilis, 157

Akkas, stature of the, 108-09

Acromegalia, 154

Addison's disease, 154

Albinism, 329

Anatomical points, 361, 373, 374, 378, 385

Anger, expression of, 279

Angles, facial, 269, 381-382

Anomalies of buccal apparatus, 336 of ear, 333-335 of eye, 333 of eyebrows and beard, 331 of hair, 330 of nose, 335-336 of pigment, 329 of teeth, 336 of thorax, 300, 301 of wrinkles, 329

Antecedents of pupil, 405 et seq. near biopathological, 407 remote, 406 sociological, 411

Anthropological form used in New York Juvenile Asylum, 421

Anthropology, criminal, 4-11 defined, 1 physiological, 11-14 technique of, 361-387

Anthropometer, 362-363

Ape, brain of, 229

Arms, total spread of, 69, 74, 310, 367

Arrest of development, 145-170, 295 due to alcohol, 156 due to infant illnesses, 162 due to malaria, 160-161 due to pellagra, 161 due to rickets, 164 due to syphilis, 157

Asymmetry, cranial, 196, 372 facial, 271, 282, 346, 383 functional, 271

Biographic chart, Commune of Bologna, 431 of Italian reformatories, 432 Pastorello's, 420 Sergi's, 429

Biographic history of pupil, 404 pedagogical advantages of, 441 of an idiot boy, 431 et seq.

Birth-marks, 329

Brachycephalic races, 214

Brachydactylism, 317

Brachyscelia, 82-91

Brain, chemistry of, 247 convolutions of, 221-223 embryonal development of, 220-221 morphological normality in relation to age, 237 rhythm of growth of, 225-227 volume of, 229 weight of, 224

Brunettes, suppressed, 324

Buccal apparatus, anomalies of, 336

Calf of leg, absence of, 311

Carnet maternel, 174-175, 273

Cells, animal, 43 vegetable, 43

Cephalic index, 207-220 at different ages, 217 for Italy, 214 nomenclature, 210-211

Cephalometry, 370

Cephaloscopy, 370

Cerebral development, influence of biological factor upon, 255 influence of economic conditions, 253 influence of exercise, 254

Cerebral hypophysis, 152, 153

Cervical pleiades, 157

Chameprosopic face, 263, 265

Chiromancy, 312, 318

Childbirth, dangerous modern, 307

Children's Houses, 123-124, 138, 143-145, 280, 288, 422, 423, 443

Chinese, civilization of, 91-92 psycho-ethnic character of, 77

Chromatic charts, Broca's, 321

Circumference, axillary, 385 of cranium, 233-242, 376 submammary, 385 of thorax, 368, 385

Club-foot, 312

Convolutions of the brain, 222-223

Coordinates, 394

Craniology, 186-283

Craniometric points, 373-374

Craniometry, 370, 373

Cranioscopic norms, 371-372

Cranioscopy, 370

Cranium, animal, 189 bones of human, 187-188 characteristics of human, 191-192 measurements of, 369-385 morphological evolution of, 197 of new-born child, 197 normal forms of, 202 ossification of, 200-201 varieties of: acrocephalic, 207, 374 beloid, 205 clinocephalic, 207, 372 cuboid, 205 cymbocephalic, 372 ellipsoid, 203 ovoid, 203-204 oxycephalic, 372 pentagonoid, 204 plagiocephalic, 196, 372 platycephalic, 205 rhomboid, 204 scaphocephalic, 196, 372 sphenoid, 205 spheroid, 205 trapezoid, 206 trigonocephalic, 371 volume of, 220-259, 377

Criminals, non-violent, types of, 101-102 violent, types of, 102 stature in, types of, 101, 103

Cubic index, Broca's, 377

Curves, De Helguero's, 460

Deformations, definition of, 344 due to field labour, 121 due to mining, 121 due to school benches, 122, 302, 307, 349 due to stone-breaking, 121

Degeneration, signs of: abnormal frontal diameters, 384 kinky hair, 330 polytrichia, 330 precocious wrinkles, 330 united eyebrows, 331 social causes of, 6

Dentition, record of first, 410

Diameter, biacromial, 385 bigoniac, 379, 383 bimammillary, 385 bizygomatic, 379, 383 of cranium, maximum antero-posterior, 374

Diameter of cranium, maximum transverse, 375 minimum frontal, 384 vertical, 375 of thorax, antero-posterior, 385 transverse, 385

Diameter of cranium, increase of maximum, 231 measurement of, 374

Diastemata, 337

Diet of children, 127

Dimensions of the body at different ages, 146-147

Dismimia, 282

Dolichocephalic races, 214

Dystrophies, toxical, 162

Ear, anatomy of, 334 anomalies of, 333-335 handle-shaped, 346 Morel's, 335 Wildermuth's, 335

Education of new-born child, 442

Electricity, effect on growth of stature, 139

Embryo, development of human, 45, 72

Embryonal face, 272

Environment, adaptation to, 79 influence of, 415

Enzymes, 154, 155 Ludwig's theory of, 42

Epilepsy, 136 a factor in criminality, 445 treatment of, 446

Error, personal, 387-390, 457

Eurafrican race, 214, 270

Eurasian race, 79, 214, 323

Evolution, theories of, 46-50

Exophthalmia, 333

Experimental sciences defined, 23

Expression, facial, 276 et seq.

Extra-social types, 103-105

Eye, anomalies of, 333 Mongolian, 333

Eyebrows, oblique, 331 united, 331

Face, chameprosopic, 262 embryonal, 272 evolution of, 272 human characteristics of, 260 leptoprosopic, 262 limits of, 259 et seq. mesoprosopic, 263 orbicular, 263 skeleton of, 188-189 symmetry of, 383

Facial norm, 378

Family monograph, Le Play's, 452

Final causes, 40-42

Fingers, proportion between, 316

Flat-foot, 311

Fontanelles, cranial, 197

Form, the, 67-75, 361-369 canons of the, 74 et seq. definition of, 69 fundamental laws of, 69

Freckles, 329

Frontal index, 232

Galloway, stature of Scotchmen of, 108-109

Gastrula, 45

Generation, hygiene of, 173, 176

Genius, man of, 264, 469, 476

Germinal potentialities, 63, 64

Gigantism, 104

Glands of internal secretion, 151-155, 163, 164

Goniometer, Broca's, 382

Gray hair, 326, 330 precocious, 330

Growth, defined, 81 effect of psychic stimuli on, 140-145 need of heat for, 132 of brain, due to alimentation, 245 due to cerebral exercise, 245 in woman, 227 rhythm of, 225, 226, 227 of head, rhythms of, 274 of limbs, 309 of neck, 282 of pelvis, 306 of stature, 112-114 of thorax, 294

Hair, curly, 327, 328 form of, 327-329 kinky, 327, 328 pigmentation of, 323-325, 327 smooth, 327 vortices, 330 wavy, 327, 328

Hair-roots, line of, 330

Hand, the, 312-319 dimensions of, 315 functional characteristics of, 316 in figurative speech, 313-314 in relation to other dimensions of the body, 315 psychological types of, 314

Heart, the, 285

Heredity, phenomena of, 50

Hexadactylism, 317

Hybridism, human, 60-65, 78, 79, 351, 467, 471 phenomena of, 51-67

Hygiene of generation, 173, 176

Hymn to bread, 126

Hypermimia, 281

Hypersthenic type, De Giovanni's, 99-100

Hyposthenic type, De Giovanni's, 96-98

Hypothyroidea, 153

Ichthyosis, 329

Index, cephalic, 207-220, 376 of ear, 380 facial, 380-381 of nose, 380 ponderal, 368 of segments of limbs, 310 of sexual mass, 257 thoracic, 299, 385 of visage, 263 vital, 296, 368

Indices, formula of, 367

Individual liberty of pupil, 123

Infantile atrophy, 153 types, 147-151

Infantilism, 146-164 due to alcohol, 156-157 anangioplastic, 162 due to denutrition, 162 dystrophic, 155-162 hereditary causes of, 155 hypertrophic, 162 myxedematous, 153, 155-156 pathogenesis of, 151 et seq. due to syphilis, 157, 158 due to tuberculosis, 159

Intelligence, human, what it is, 252 human, how to diagnose it, 253 cerebral volume in relation to, 250

Invagination of cells, 43

Iris, pigmentation of, 325

Italians, stature of, 110-111

Japanese, stature of, 110

Joints, loose and stiff, 311

Juvenile delinquents, antecedents of, 413 psycho-physical character of, 413 teachers' notes on, 414

Knock-knees, 312

Kyphosis, 303, 306

Latium, young women of, 65, 78, 111, 216, 466

Leg, calf of, 311 curvature of, 312

Leptoprosopic face, 262

Liberty of children, 144

Light, effect on growth of stature, 136, 138

Limbs, the, 308-319 growth of, 309 index of segments of, 310 malformations of, 310 measurement of, 386

Limitations of mass, 40-42

Little's disease, 312, 408

Livi's charts, 110, 393

Lordosis, 303, 306

Lungs, the, 286-287

Macrocephaly, 243

Macrodontia, 337

Macroglossia, 338

Macroplastic type, 119

Macroscelia, 77, 88-90

Malformations, 331-350 distribution of, 344-350 of cranium, 195-6 of limbs, 310 origin of, 355 synoptic chart of, 332

Marie's disease, 154

Marriage, proper age for, 118 precocious, 117

Maternal diaries, 409

Mean averages, 391

Measurement of abdomen, 386 of cranium, 375-377 of face, 378-385 of limbs, 386-387 of stature, 362-366 of thorax, 385 of total spread of arms, 367

Medial man, theory of the, 65, 454-470

Mediterranean race, 79, 214, 264, 270, 323

Melanosis, 329

Mendel's laws, 50-59

Mesoprosopic face, 263

Metabolism, 40-42, 124

Method, importance of, in experimental sciences, 23-30

Methodology, statistical, 391-403

Microcephaly, 243

Microdontia, 337

Microphthalmia, 333

Mongolians the most brachyscelous race, 77

Monkey-like traits: flat hand, 317 lack of certain lines in palm, 318

Monkey-like, long forearm, 310 thin lips, 336

Morphological adaptation of hand, 314 combinations, De Giovanni's, 65 evolution of cranium, 197

Morphology of body at various ages, 146-147 of the brain, 247 importance of, 338

Mortality, curve of general, 115 infant, in relation to vital index, 296 in Italy, 293

Morula, 44

Mother's love, psychic stimulus of, 142

Multicellular organisms, formation of, 42-46

Muscles of head and face, 277-278 of thorax, 285

Mutations, De Vries' theory of, 47

Myxedematous idiocy, 153

Nails, the, 317

Nanism, achondroplastic, 103-105

Neanderthal skull, 192

Neck, the, 282-283

Norm, facial, 378 frontal, 372 lateral, 372 occipital, 372 of profile, 379 vertical, 371

Nose, anomalies of, 335-336

Nutrition, influence of, on school children, 418

Oligodactylia, 316

Onycogryposis, 317

Orientation, line of, 265

Orthognathism, 268, 271

Ovum, human, 44

Palate, cleft, 272 ogival, 338, 352

Palms, lines of the, 318

Papillary lines, 319

Paralysis, infantile, 408

Parasites, social duty towards, 168

Parasitism, stigma of, 314, 317

Peasant, class stigma of, 271, 326, 346

Pedagogical method, need of reform in, 123, 144, 302

Pellagra, symptoms of, 161

Pelvis, 304-307 growth of, 306 rotation of, 307 sexual differences in, 305 skeleton of, 304

Personal error, 387-390, 457

Photogenic conditions, 136-138

Phototherapy, 136

Pia Barolo society, 131

Pigments, the, 320-331 during growth, 323

Pigmentation of hair, 326 of iris, 325 of skin, 325

Pigmy races, 109

Pithecanthropus, skull of, 192

Plagiocephalic cranium, 196, 372

Plagioprosopy, 271, 383

Platyopic profile, 271

Playthings, children's natural contempt for, 143

Pleasure, expression of, 279 necessary to human existence, 141

Polytrichia, 330

Polydactylism, 317

Ponderal index, 181 evolution of, 183, 184 method of computing, 181-183

Pregnancy, too frequent, 173

Profile, Egyptian, 270 Greek, 269 low types of, 271 norm of, 379 proopic, 271 Roman, 269

Progeneism, 267, 385

Prognathism, 267, 268, 385

Prophatnia, 385

Prosopometry, 379-385

Prosoposcopy, 378-379

Protoplasm, 38

Psychic stimuli, effect on health of children, 144 test, De Sanctis', 425

Puberty, change in pigments at, 323, 326 growth of jaw at, 274 of limbs at, 310 of nose at, 274 influence of climate on, 135-136 of cold on, 132 of direct sexual stimuli on, 131 of heat on, 135 of nutrition on, 130-132 of psychic stimuli on, 134, 141, 142 repose preceding, 115 of Russian girls, 135 of women of Lapland, 135 relation of growth of brain and face to, 230

Pulmonary capacity, 288-294

Quétélet's binomial curve, 398

Race, Eurafrican, 214, 270 Mediterranean, 79, 214, 264, 270, 323

Rachitic rosary, 302

Racial types in Europe, different characteristics of two principal, 353

Rewards and punishments, fallacy of, 123, 144-145, 432, 441, 443

Rhythm of brain growth, 232-236 of facial growth, 274 of stature, triennial, 113

Rickets, 97, 103, 164-166, 244, 268, 296, 302 fœtal, 103

School benches, deformations due to, 122, 302, 307, 349 records, 411

School-sanatorium, 160

Scientific philosophy, Morselli's, 21

Sea-shore, benefit to children, 136-137

Seriation, 396 importance of, 455

Sexual education, 356 function, dignity of the, 126 morality, 117, 126, 473-476

Sitting stature, 365-366 at different ages, 85

Skeleton, human, 71-72 articulations of, 107 of face, 188-189 of limbs, 308 of pelvis, 304

Skin, the, 320-344

Solitary confinement, 141

Sorrow, expression of, 278

Space, empirical relation to stature, 139

Specific gravity, of body, 178 of brain, 229

Spirometry, 288-294, 385

Stature, 106-171 of abnormals, 167 according to sex, 80 et seq. of American children, 128 brachyscelous type of, 75 cycle of, 363 definition of, 70, 106, 362 in relation to dimensions of thorax, 295-297 effect of nutrition on, 124-132 of erect position on, 120 of heat on, 132-136 essential, 73 mean average, of European, 459 growth in, during first year, 112-113 index of, 84, 366, 367 involution of, 114 of Italians, mean average, 392

Stature, Livi's charts of, 110-111 macroscelous type of, 76 maximums and minimums, compared with cranial circumference, 238-242 measurement of, 362 parabolic curve of, 112, 114 pathological variations of, 145-170 of rachitic children, 165 racial limits of, 108-111 in relation to sex, 111-112 rhythm of, 86 summary of, 170-171 terminology of, 110 total, at different ages, 85 triennial rhythm of growth of, 113-114 types of, 67 et seq. abnormal, 91 according to age, 81 in art, 80 according to race, 77 according to social conditions, 79 summary of, 105-106 variations in, according to age, 112-118 according to seasons, 138 due to mechanical causes of adaptation, 119-124 night and morning, 119 transitory, 120

Sterility of dwarfs and giants, 104 due to precocious marriage, 117 due to work in rice-fields, 121

Stigmata of degeneration, 342 among beggars, 348 among orphans, 348

Stimulants poisons for children, 127

Studious children, denutrition of, 185 physical inferiority of, 25, 159, 185, 293

Sun-baths, 137

Superiority, social, 258 of women, moral, 259

Suprarenal capsule, 152, 154

Surprise, expression of, 279-280

Syndactylism, 317

Syphilis, abortion due to, 157 symptoms of, 157-158

Tasmanian, civilization of, 92-93 most macroscelous race, 77

Teacher of the future, the, 360 of abnormal pupils, 449 responsibility of the, 116

Teeth, anomalies of the, 336 first and second dentition, 336

Temperaments, De Giovanni's doctrine of, 12-14

Thermal gymnastics, 133-134

Thermic conditions of schools, 132-135

Thoracic index, 299 perimeter, 368

Thorax, the, 284-303 anatomical parts of, 284-286 anomalies of shape of, 301 descent of, 294 dimensions of, in relation to stature, 295, 297 growth of, 294 measurement of, 385 physiological importance of, 286 shape of, 299 triangulation of, 295

Thought, expression of, 280

Thymus gland, 152, 153

Thyroid gland, 152-153

Toe, opposable big, 311

Tongue, the, 338

Total spread of arms, 367

Tuberculosis, 291

Type of civilized man, 468

Uvula, double, 338

Vertebral column, normal curves of, 107-108

Visage, index of, 263 normal, 262 Roman, 263

Vital index, 296, 368

Voice, education of the, 287-288

Warmth, fallacy of demoralizing effect of, 133-134

Weight, the, 172-185, 368 of brain, 224 the, as exponent of health, 172 of new-born child, 172 of child, effect of too frequent pregnancy on, 173 of child, effect of mother's age on, 173 child's gain in, 174 and growth of separate organs, comparative, 180 child's loss in, significance of, 176 increase according to sex, 179

Women, fallacy of pretended cerebral inferiority of, 256

Wrinkles, anomalies of, 329 precocity of, 326, 329