INDEX OF NAMES

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

A Abbâs, Abu, 75 n. ‘Abdeh, 103, 112. Absalom, tomb of, 128 n. Abydos, 70 n. ‘Adhrâ, the, church of, 133 n. ‘Adi ibn Zaid, 57, 59. Africa, 98 n., 110; North, 98, 99, 152. Ahwâz, Djebel, 148, 149, 160. ‘A’ishah, 146. Akbar’s mosque, 139. Akeldama, tomb of, 72. Alabanda, 128 n. Aleppo, ix, x, xi, 58, 126. Alexander, Emperor, 69, 119; his invasion, 63. Alexandria, 125, 127, 129, 152. ‘Ali, 167, 168. Alinda, walls of, 108. Alkader, see el-Chader. Alyattes, tumulus of, 96. Ammân, 118 n., 140. ‘Amr ibn al-’Âṣ, 146 n., 148, 149; his mosque, 149, 150, 151. ‘Amrah, Qṣair, 56, 111, 112, 114, 118, 142, 162. Amrân mound, 65. ‘Ânah, ix. Anatolia, Central, 138. al-Anbâr, 43 n., 57 and n., 164, 167. Anderîn, 105. Andrae, Dr. Walther, v, 66 n., 69 n., 73 n., 90, 91, 92 n., 93 n., 94 n., 106 n., 107 and n., 137, 141 n., 143 n. Antioch, 57, 65, 119, 120 n., 121, 124. Anu-Adad, 93. Aosta, 109, 128, 136. Apamea, 98 n., 120 and n., 126. Aqṣâ, the, mosque of, 145, 151, 152. Arabia, vii, 127. Arabia Petraea, 98. Ardashir I., 74 n. Ardeshîr Bâbagân, 91. Argos, 96. Asarhaddon, 62, 108. al-’A’shâ, 145 n. al-’Âshiq, 86, 132 n. Asia, 65, 69, 87, 142; South-west, 126; Western, 63, 68, 123, 124, 126, 135. Asia Minor, 73, 78, 96, 108. ‘Asîleh, wells, 1. Aslâm, see ‘Aṭshân. Assos, 109. Assur, 65, 66, 68, 93, 94 n., 96 n., 106 and n., 107, 140, 141 n. Assyria, 62 n., 65, 68, 74, 78, 93, 122, 123, 140, 142. al-Aswad ibn Ya’fur, 57 n. Athenaeus, 128 n. Athens, 66 n., 124. al-Athîr, Ibn, 3 n., 162 and n., 164 n. ‘Atîl, 126. ‘Atiyyah, 58. ‘Aṭshân, Khân, viii, 2, 3 and n., 40-3, 162 and n. Attalus, 124. Austria, 98. Autun, 109. Ayyûbid Ghâzi, 159, 160. al-Azîz ibn Marwân, ‘Abd, 149. al-Azraq, Qaṣr, 56, 111. B Ba’albek, 126, 152 and n. Bâbisqâ, 132 n. Babylon, xi, 65 and n., 68, 69, 70, 76, 87, 93, 96, 119. Babylonia, 64, 65, 74, 78, 94, 96, 142. Bacon, 109 n. Baghdâd, ix, 5, 40, 58, 66, 72, 79, 121, 141, 143 n., 150, 154, 157, 158, 167. Baḥr Nedjef, see Nedjef. Bahrâm V Gûr, 57, 59, 74 n. el-Baḥri, see Dair el-Baḥri. al-Baiḍâ, see Khirbet al-Baiḍâ. Bait al-Khalîfah, see al-Khalîfah. Balâdhuri, 74 n., 147 and n., 148 and n., 149, 153, 162. Balkuwârâ, 84, 85, 86, 87, 117, 121, 138, 157, 164. Ballu, 98 n. Bâqirḥâ, 126. Bashmishli, 132 n. Baṣrah, ix, x, 58, 146, 149, 150, 158, 168. Bassora, see Baṣrah. Baṭûṭah, Ibn, 56, 58, 75 n. Becker, Prof., 17 n., 112 n., 146 n., 147 and n., 149 n., 150. Beduin, tribe, 5. Bel, temple of, 122. Bell, Miss G. L., xi, 40 n., 56 n., 57 n., 59 n., 70 n., 71 n., 73 n., 78 n., 86 n., 132 n., 133 n., 138 n., 143 n., 153 n., 154 n., 165 n., 166 n. Benndorf, 108 and n. Berlin, xii, 115, 118 n. Bethlehem, 117. Binbirklisse, 73 n. Bishr (son of ‘Âdah son of ‘Îsâ son of ‘Umar), 161. Bîsutûn, 134. Blanchet, 103 n., 109 n., 110 n. Boghâz Keui, 93 and n., 108, 122. Bosco, R. Velazquez, xii, 143 n. Boscoreale, 125, 127, 128 n. Boṣrâ, 98 n., 120. Bostân, 41 n. Britain, 98 and n. British Museum, 76, 123, 132 n. Bruce, 98 n. Bruckmann, xii. Brünnow, Prof., xii, 98 n., 100, 101, 102, 103 n., 104, 105, 106 n., 110 n., 117 n., 118 and n., 126 n., 127 n., 128 n., 129, 135 n. Bruno, 56 n. Bryas, 121. Bshair, 103, 104. Bulard, 124 n. Burdân, Wâdi, 1. Burgess, 72 n., 73 n. Bury, 121 n. Butler, 72 n., 98 n., 105 n., 111 n., 112 n., 126 n., 132 n., 133 n., 135 n., 138 n., 139 n., 165. Byzantium, 97, 109, 110. C Cagnat, 98 n., 99 n. Cairo, 92 and n., 141, 144, 156. Carchemish, 122. Caria, 108. Carmichael, Mr., x. Carnuntum, 100. Carthage, 109. Casr Chaider, ix. el-Chader (Ukhaiḍir) Ras el-’Ain, x, xi, 58. Chaitya Cave, 123 n. Chaldaea, 70 n., 106, 122, 123. Chehâr Qapû, 44, 45, 51-4, 90, 92, 94, 115. Chipiez, 65 n., 68 n., 70 n., 75 n., 78 n., 93 n., 94 n., 106 n., 108 n., 109 n., 122 n., 123 n., 128 n., 140 n. Chiusi, 69 n., 166. Choisy, 68 n., 69 n., 70 n., 109 n. Chosroës, the, 59, 80, 94, 120, 148, 149. Chosroës II, 44. Clarke, 109 n. Constantine, Emperor, 117, 121. Constantinople, vii, xi, 121, 151. Corbett, 146 n., 149 n. Cordova, 152. Corinthian tomb, 128, 135. Coste, 74 n., 76 n., 78 n., 79 n., 106 n., 107 n., 137, 165 n. Cramer, 110 n. Ctesiphon, vii, 57, 59, 66, 70, 75, 77, 94, 95, 115, 119, 120, 122, 129-32, 134-8, 165, 166. Curie, 98 n. D Ḍaba, Djebel, 2, 3. Da’djaniyyeh, 102, 103, 116. al-Dair, 128 and n., 129. Dair al-Kafh, 104. Dair el-Baḥri, 70 n. Dalman, 126 n. Damascus, 55, 66, 101, 119, 120 and n., 126, 147, 151, 152, 154, 158, 162, 164 n., 167. Dânâ, 126. Darius, King, palace of, 63, 64, 76. Dastadjird, 60, 107 n., 120. Daumet, 138 n. Dead Sea, the, 97. De Beylié, 142 n., 143 n. De Goeje, 3 n., 57 n., 147 n., 167 n. Delbrück, Prof., 68 n., 69 n., 70 n., 72 n., 73 n., 96 n., 123, 124 and n., 125 and n., 127 n., 132 n., 136 n., 166 n. Della Valle, ix. Delos, 65 n., 68 n., 87, 124. De Meynard, Barbier, 59 n., 167 n. De Morgan, M., xii, 80 n., 134. Dereh Shah, 80 n. De Sarzec, 78 n., 87 n., 122 n., 142. De Vogüé, 56 n., 72 n., 73 n., 84 n., 111 n. Dibs, Abu, 1, 2, 3, 168. Dieulafoy, M., xii, 53 n., 65 n., 68 n., 71 n., 72 n., 74 n., 75, 76 n., 77, 78 n., 79 and n., 81 n., 90, 91, 92 and n., 95, 96 n., 106 n., 107 and n., 118 n., 122 n., 130, 134 n., 140 n., 143 n., 157, 165 n. Diocletian, Emperor, 56, 103, 109, 110, 121. Diodorus, 69 n. Diyârbekr, viii, 120, 132, 154, 158, 159. Djabala ibn al-Ḥârith, 110. Djâbiyah, 56 n. Djaulân, the, 56. Djôf, 5, 167. Djôfîyîn, the, 5. Djûr, 91, 92. Domaszewski, 98 n., 102, 103 n., 106 n., 110 n., 117 n., 118 and n., 126 n., 127 and n., 128 n., 135 n. Dulaf, Abu, mosque of, 144, 154, 155, 156, 158. Ḍumair, 101, 102, 103 and n., 110. Durm, 65 n., 66 n., 70 n., 89, 108 n., 109 n., 124 n. Dussaud, 56 n. E Ebersolt, 121 n. Ecbatana, 123 n. Egypt, vii, 68, 70 n., 72, 96, 106, 123, 124, 127 n., 142, 146, 147. Epaminondas, 109 n. Ephesus, 109, 125, 132 n. Euphrates, river, x, xi, 1, 56, 57. Euphrates road, 43 n. Europe, 101, 110, 142. Evans, Sir Arthur, 70 n. F Fars, 79, 80, 96, 143 n. Fatehpur Sîkrî, 139. Ferâshâbâd, 78. Fergusson, 41 n., 72 n., 73 n., 123 n., 139. Firûzâbâd, 53 n., 73, 74 and n., 76-80, 82, 83, 86, 91, 95, 119, 134, 136, 137, 143, 165. el-Fityân, see Khirbet el-Fityân. Flandin, 74 n., 76 n., 78 n., 79 and n., 106 n., 107 n., 137, 165 n. Flavians, the, palace of, 120. Flavius Silva, 97. Franks, the, 110. Fréjus, 109. Fusṭâṭ, 146 n., 148, 149, 150. G Garstang, Prof., 60 n. Gaul, 104 n., 110. Gebhardt, Messrs., xii, 89. Germany, 98. Ghadaf, Wâdi, 111, 112. Ghassânids, the, 56. Ghazni, towers, 41. Gsell, 98 n. Gudea, 106, 122. H Ḥabbâniyyeh, 1, 2, 3. al-Ḥadjdjâdj, 43 n., 148, 162 n., 164, 168. Hadrian, Emperor, 97, 98. Ḥakh, 133 n. al-Ḥâkim, 158. Halicarnassus, 124. Ḥamâd, Khân, 2. Hammâd, Bani, the, fortress of, 142. Ḥamrath, tomb of, 126. Hamza al-Iṣfahâni, 110. Ḥanbal, Ibn, 55 n. Hanging Gardens, the, 69 n. Harbâ, 143 n. Ḥarrân, 132, 152, 153, 158. Ḥarûn al-Rashîd, 165, 167, 168. Ḥasan, Bani, 3, 57, 58. Ḥasan Kaif, 133, 143, 160. Hâshimiyyeh, 167. Hatra, 66, 67, 69-72, 75, 78, 82, 87, 88, 90-2, 94-6, 107, 119, 136-8, 141 n., 143. Hatti, 60 n. Hauqal, Ibn, 142 n. Ḥaurân, the, 56, 98 n., 138. Ḥaurân, Wâdi, 1. Haush Quru, 80 n. Haverfield, Prof., xii, 99. Hazâr Dâr, 80 n. Heberdey, 125 n. Ḥedjr tombs, 127, 128. el-Heiadîe, see Ṭuqṭuqâneh. Heraclius, 120. Herodotus, 90, 92. Herzfeld, Dr., xii, 58, 60 n., 62 n., 65 n., 74 n., 80 n., 84, 85, 86 and n., 94 n., 105 n., 107 n., 110 n., 117, 118 n., 121 n., 123 n., 130 n., 132 n., 134 n., 135 n., 136, 138 and n., 140 n., 141 n., 143 n., 151 n., 153 and n., 154, 155, 156 and n., 157, 159, 160 n., 165 and n., 166 n. Hêt, see Hît. Heuzey, 78 n., 87 n., 122 n., 138 n. Ḥidjâz, 167. Hidjrah, the, 55. Hilprecht, 65 n., 107 n., 122 n. Hindiyyeh, the, 2, 39, 41, 56, 57. al-Ḥîrah, 56-9, 86, 87, 148, 168. Ḥishâm, 168. Hît, x, xi, 43 n. Hittorff, 128 n. Ḥiyyadhiyyeh, 58. Hogarth, Mr., 122. Holman, Messrs., xii, 66. el-Hossian, 58. Housesteads, 99. Humann, 125 n. Hurairah, Abu, 166. Hyginus, 98. I Iassos, 108. Ibrahîm ibn Salamah, 74 n. Inaldi, Inalid, 158 n. India, 72, 73, 137. ‘Irâq, 162 n., 167, 168. ‘Îsâ ibn ‘Ali ibn ‘Abdallâh, 164, 168. Iṣfahân, 41 n., 134. Isriyyeh, 126. Iṣṭakhr, 107 n. Italy, 68, 128. Ives, x. ‘Izziyyeh, 58. J Jacobi, 98 n. Jaussen, 126 n., 127 n. Jerusalem, 72, 128, 145, 146. John of Ephesus, 56 n. Jordan, Dr., 122. Joshua the Stylite, 56. Jupiter, 91. Justinian, Emperor, 57, 117, 119, 145. K Ka’bah, the, vii, 145. al-Kahf, see Dair al-Kahf. Karkh, 94, 95, 139. Kayder, see el-Chader. Kerbelâ, 1, 2. Kerbelâ-Nedjef road, 2, 3 n. Kerîm Khân, 79; his brother, 80 n. Kerkûk, 40, 71, 134. Kfair, 132 n. Khader, see el-Chader. al-Khaḍrâ, see al-Qabbet al-Khaḍrâ. Khâlid ibn ‘Abdallâh, 168. Khâlid ibn al-Walîd, 3. al-Khalîfah, Bait, 86, 138, 144. Kharâneh, 39, 78, 82, 111, 114-18, 120, 162, 166. Khâṣakî Djâmi’, the, 141. Khawarnaq, 56, 57, 75 n., 87, 119, 162. Khazneh, the, 128 and n., 135. al-Khernîna, Khân, 143 and n. al-Kherr, Wâdi, 58 n. Khirbet al-Baiḍâ, 56, 106. Khirbet el-Fityân, 102 n. Khodja ‘Alam, 41 n. Khorsâbâd, 68, 81, 92, 93, 94, 106 and n., 122, 123. Khurâsân, the, 74 n. Khusrau I, 57, 119. Khusrau II Parwêz, 59, 74 n., 94. Khusrau, palace of, 44-51, 74, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 86, 87, 90, 92, 93, 119, 164. Khusrau, Qal’a-i-, 60. Knossos, 70 n. Koepp, 97 n. Koldewey, Prof., 61, 62 n., 65 n., 68 and n., 69 n., 76 n., 77 n., 87 n., 88, 92 n., 93 n., 94 n., 108 n., 109 n. Kubaisah, xi. Kûfah, x, 2, 3, 43 and n., 148-50, 158, 162, 164, 167, 168. Kuhna, Qal’a-i-, 107 n. L Lagash, 106, 107. Lambaesis, 99. Lammens, 17 n., 55 n., 56 n., 111 n., 117 n., 145 n., 146 n., 147 n., 148 n., 162 n., 168 n. Lanckoronski, 124 n. Lane, 59 n. Layard, 68 and n., 75. Leachman, Captain, 162 n. Ledjdjûn, 101, 102, 103 and n. Leleges, wall of the, 108. Le Strange, 40 n., 57 n., 58 n., 151 n., 167 n. Littmann, Prof., xii, 161, 162. Lixos, 109. Loftus, 65 and n., 90, 122, 140 n. Lyall, Sir Charles, xii, 22 n., 56 n., 57 n., 145 n. Lyell, 98 n. Lynch, 135 n. Lysimachus, 109. M Macmillan, Messrs., xii. Madâin Ṣâliḥ, vii, 126-8, 135, 138, 142, 145 n. Madjḍah, see Mudjḍah. Magnesia, 124, 125 n. al-Mahdi, 151. Maḥmûd of Ghazni, 41. Makhḍah, see Mudjḍah. Makrîsi, 147 n. al-Malik, ‘Abd, 151. Maṇsûr, 150, 151, 153, 154, 157, 158, 164, 165, 167. Mantineia, 109. Maqrîzi, 151. Marçais, 152 n. Marmora, sea of, 121. Marwân, 147, 149, 168. Masada, 97. Massignon, M., xi, 31 n., 38 n., 39 n., 40 n., 57 n., 58 n., 161. Mas’ûdi, 58, 86, 87, 118. Mau, 72 n. Mauritania Tingitana, 109. Maximian, Emperor, 56. Mayâfârqîn, viii, 132, 153, 159, 166. Media, 62 n. Medînah, 145-52, 158, 168. Medînat al-Zahrâ, palace of, 143. Medinet Abu, 70 n. Mediterranean coast-lands, the, 64. al-Mehdiyyeh, gates of, 142. Meissner, 56 n. Mekkah, vii, 120, 145-8, 150, 167. el-Melfûf, see Ridjm el-Melfûf. Memphis, 72. Menâr, the, palace of, 142. Merchel, 109 n. Merkes, the, 65 n., 76. Meshed ‘Ali, see Nedjef. Mesopotamia, 12, 16 n., 38, 66, 68, 70, 71, 75, 76, 79, 88, 96, 97, 115, 124, 130, 133, 137, 141, 143, 144, 146, 152, 156, 158, 165, 166; Northern, 71, 75, 141 n.; Southern, 28. Mesopotamian plain, 60. Messene, 109 and n. Michael II, 121. Michaelis, 122 n. Miletus, 124, 125. Mommsen, 101 n. Moritz, Dr. B., xii, 111 n., 114 n., 115, 161, 167. Môṣul, 133, 160. Mount Eryx, 108. Mshaiyesh, 111 n. Mshattâ, 111, 113, 117, 118 and n., 120, 133 n., 135, 138, 139, 141, 142, 162, 165. Mu’âwiyah, 148, 168. Mudjḍah (Madjḍah, Makhḍah), viii, 2, 3, 39-41, 43, 162. Mughair, 70 and n. Muḥaiwir, 1. Muḥammad, 145, 146, 147, 161. Muhtadi, 165 n. al-Mundhir, 56, 148. Munich, 133 n. Muntaṣir, 165 n. Muqaddasi, 3, 58, 151, 153. Muqâtil ibn Ḥasân ibn Tha’labah ibn Aus ibn Ibrâhîm ibn Ayyûb ibn Madjrûf ibn ‘Âmir ibn ‘Uṣayyah ibn Imra’al-Qais ibn Zaid Manât ibn Tamîm, 162. al-Muqâtil, Qaṣr, 162, 164, 168. Mûsâ, Abu, 148. Muṣallâ, Khân, 57. Mushennef, 126. Musil, Prof., 2 n., 55 n., 58 n., 103 n., 111 and n., 112 n., 113, 114 and n., 115, 116 and n., 117 n., 162 n. Musmiyyeh, 72. al-Mustanṣir, 143 n. Mustanṣiriyyeh, the, 40, 143 n. Mustaufi, 58. Mutawakkil, 58, 59, 86, 121, 154. Mu’tazz, 165 n. Muwaqqar, 110, 135. Mycenae, 96, 108, 120. N Nabataean tombs, 127 n., 128. Nâṣiri Khusrau, 159 n. Naṣr, Banû, 58. Nassick, 123 n. Nebuchadnezzar, palace of, 70, 93, 96. Nedjd, 5. Nedjef, ix, x, 3 n., 40, 57, 58, 167. Nedjef, Bahr, 56, 57, 58, 164, 167. Nereids, the, monument of, 108. Nero, Emperor, 72. Nicephoricum-Callinicum, 153. Niebuhr, x, 58 n. Niederberg, 100 n. Niederbieber, 100 n. Niemann, 108 and n. Niffer, 65 and n., 66, 87, 89, 107, 119, 122. Nimrûd, 93. Nöldeke, 56 n., 57 n., 96 n., 112 n. Novaesium, 100. Nu’mân III, King, 59. Nu’mân ibn Mundhir, 56. Nu’man ibn Imra’ al-Qais, 57. Nu’mânid, 120. Nûr al-Dîn, 153, 154, 158, 160 (Maḥmûd). O Odhruḥ, 98-103, 110. Oppenheim, Baron, 60 n., 123. Orontes, the, 64, 108. Orthma, Khân, 72. Ortokid Alpi, 159. P Palatitza, 138 n. Palmyra, 101, 126. Parwêz, see Khusrau II Parwêz. Pasargadae, 62, 63, 96, 119, 123 n. Pergamon, 66 n., 69 n., 73 n., 89, 124, 125 n. Perge, 124, 125. Perrot, 65 n., 68 n., 70 n., 75 n., 78 n., 93 n., 94 n., 106 n., 108 n., 109 n., 122 n., 123 n., 128 n., 140 n. Persepolis, 63, 64, 76 and n., 80, 119. Persia, 65, 71, 73, 74, 110, 123, 137, 140, 168. Persian Gulf, the, 1. Perugia, 136. Petra, vii, 97, 126-9, 135, 136, 138, 142. Philon of Byzantium, 109. Pinara, 108. Place, 68 and n., 94 and n. Polybius, 98. Pompeii, 72, 87, 124; Oscan, 124. Praeneste, 125 n. Preusser, Dr., 152. Priene, 87, 88, 124, 125 and n., 126. Princeton Expedition, the, 111. Probus, 110. Promis, 109 n., 136 n. Ptolemy Philadelphos, 124 n., 128 n. Puchstein, 62 n., 93 n., 108 n., 123 n., 126 n., 127 and n., 128 n. Pydnai, 108. Q al-Qabbet al-Khaḍrâ, 162 and n. Qadesh, 108. Qâdisiyyeh, 58, 162, 167. Qairawân, 152. Qalb Lôzeh, 132 n. Qanawât, 126. ‘al-Qâsin ‘Ali, Abu, 158 n., 159 n. Qaṭal, 103-6, 110-13, 118, 120. Qṣair, viii, 1, 38-9. Qṣair ‘Amrah, see ‘Amrah. al-Quṭquṭâneh, 162, 164. Quyundjik, 75, 76, 77, 90, 93, 94, 123. R Raḥḥâliyyeh, 1. Ramâdi, 2. Rameses II, 108. Ramsay, 73 n., 78 n., 138 n. Raqqah, 138, 142, 153, 154, 158, 165, 166, 168. Râs al-’Ain, 60 n., 123. al-Rasâs, Umm, 106. Rashîd, 167. Reuther, Dr., xi, 6-36 passim, 82 and n., 83, 131, 132 n., 136-40, 166. Rhages, 41 n. Rḥaibeh, 112. Ridjm el-Melfûf, 70 n. Rimini, 128. Ritter, xi. Roderick, King, 112. Rome, 72, 73, 95, 110, 126. Rothstein, 57 n., 59 n. al-Ruḥbân, 57. Ruḥbeh, 58 and n. Ruḥeimeh, 58 n. Rûm, 120. Ruṣâfah, 150. S Saalburg, the, 98 n. Sachau, 152 n. Sa’d ibn abi Waqqâs, 148. al-Sadîr, 57. Ṣaffâh, 167. Sa’îd ibn ‘Âmir ibn Ḥudhaim, 153. St. Petersburg, 133. Sais, Djebel, 56, 111. Sakcheh Geuzu, 60 n., 122. Saladin, M., x n., 152 n. Ṣalâḥ al-Dîn, 152, 153, 159. Salamah, 74 n. Salmanassar III, 106 n. Salmon, 154 n. Sâl Nâmeh, 58. Sâmarrâ, 58, 70 n., 84, 87, 92, 93, 121, 132 and n., 135, 138, 140-4, 151, 156-8, 164-6. al-Ṣarakh, Ḥammâm, 111, 112, 165. Sardis, 96. Sargon, palace of, 68, 81, 94, 122. Sarre, Prof., xii, 41 n., 60 n., 65 n., 74 n., 80 n., 84, 94 n., 107 n., 130 n., 143 n., 153 n., 154 n., 160 n., 166 n. Sarvistân, 53 n., 71, 74 and n., 78-80, 82, 84, 92, 115, 118 n., 119, 134, 136, 137, 165. Saudâ, 146. Savignac, 126 n., 127 n. Sbai’i, Bir, 2. Schefer, 159 n. Schrader, 124 n. Schreiber, 135 n. Schultz, 117 n., 118, 133 n., 138 n. Schultze, 109, 136. Seleucia, 65, 69, 70, 119. Selinus, acropolis of, 109. Septimius Severus, 69 n. Sextius Florentinus, 128 n. Shabîb, revolt of, 164 n. Shahbâ, 126. Shâhnâmah, the, 22 n. Shakhârîz, 2. Shammar, tribe, 2. Shamshi-Adad, 93. Sham’ûn, Qaṣr, 59. Shapûr I, 94. Shapûr II, 57, 96. Shaqqah, 73 n., 126, 139. Shethâthâ, Shefâthâ, x, xi, 1, 2, 3 and n. Shîrîn, Qaṣr-i-, viii, 44-54, 60, 70, 74 and n., 76, 79, 80 and n., 81, 82, 84, 86, 87, 90, 93, 94, 96, 105, 119, 120, 137, 164, 165. Shirwân, 80 n., 134. Shuhbâ, 98 n. al-Shukâfa, Kôm, 135. Sî’, 126, 138. Sicily, 108, 109. Sidi al-Ḥalwi, 152. Sieglin, 135 n. Sim’ân, Qal’at, 84 n. Simbel, Abû, 108. Sindâd, 57 n. Sindjâr, Djebel, 143. Sinimmâr, 57 and n. al-Ṣinnîn, 57. Sixtus of Bourbon, Prince, 58 n. Ṣlaibiyyeh tomb, 165 n. Slâm, Biyâr, 2. Smith, George, 90. Smyrna, 108. Solomon’s temple, 94, 116. Spain, 110, 143. Spalato, 121. Sprenger, 122 n. Stockstadt, 100 n. Stolle, 98 n. Strabo, 69 and n., 91, 92. Strzygowski, Prof., xii, 117 n., 133 n., 134 n., 135 n., 138 n., 152 n. Studniczka, 128 n. Ṣukhail, 5. Ṣukhûr, the, 55, 118 n. Sulâm, 162. Sulṭan Khân, 78. Sûq al-Ghazl, 40. Susa, 63, 81 and n., 90, 96, 107. Swaidâ, 126. Syria, vii, 57, 66, 70, 72, 73, 97, 104, 116, 126, 133, 135, 139, 142, 143, 151, 152, 166; Eastern, 98 n.; Northern, 60, 75, 98 n., 132, 141 n. T Ṭabari, 57 n., 148 and n., 149 and n., 150 and n., 162. Tâg-i-Îwân, 72 n. Ṭahmâsgerd, Mâr, 71, 134, 140. Takhmâ al-Asadi, Ibn, 164. Takht-i-Mâder-i-Suleimân, 96. al-Tamr, ‘Ain, 2, 3, 40, 43 and n., 59. Taposiris Magna, 124 n. Tâq-i-Girrâ, 166. Ṭâr, the, 162 and n. Ṭâûq, 40. Tavernier, ix, x n. Taylor, Major John, x. Ṭayy, the, 59. Teano, 56 n., 145 n., 146 n., 147 n., 148 n., 149 n., 151 n. Teixeira, Pedro, ix, xi. Tekrît, 140 n., 143. Tellôh, 78, 87, 122, 142. Texier, viii, 109 n. Tha’labites, the, 56. Thapsus, 109. Theophilus, 121. Thiersch, Prof., 92 n., 124 n., 128 n., 151 n. Thomas, Félix, 68. Tigris, the, 64, 69, 84. Tilimsân, 152. al-Tiqtaqa, Ibn, 143 n. Tiryns, 65 n., 108, 120. Tornberg, 3 n. Trajan, Emperor, 69 n., 98, 110. Trajan’s camp, 101. Troy, 108, 120. al-Ṭûbah, 111-14, 116-18, 120, 165. Ṭulûn, Ibn, mosque of, 92 n., 135, 142-4, 156, 158. Tunis, 142, 152. Ṭaquṭqâneh (el-Heiadîe), 58 and n., 162. Tyre, 109. Tzâriq, 57 n. U al-Ubaiḍ, Wâdi, 1, 2, 3, 5, 162, 168. Ukhaiḍir, passim; see also el-Chader. Ulu Djâmi’, 132 n. ‘Umar, 147-51. ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-Azîz, 147. Umtâ’iyyeh, 133 n. ‘Uthmân, 147. al-’Uzza, ‘Abd, 57 n. V Van Berchem, M. Max, 133 n., 143 n., 152 n., 154, 160. Veramîn, 41 n. Vespasian, Emperor, 97. Vienna, xii. Viollet, M., 16 n., 86, 156 n. Vitruvius, 109, 128. W Walîd (son of Yazîd ibn ‘Abd al-Malik), 110. al-Walîd, Umm, 106. Walîd ibn ‘Abd al-Malik, 147, 148. Wardân, Qaṣr ibn, 105, 112, 165. Warka, 65, 90, 122, 140, 141 n., 142 n. Wâsiṭ, 162 n. Weissenberg, 99 n. Wellhausen, 146. Wetzel, Dr., 16 n. al-Weyned, 111 n. Wiegand, 124 n. Wiesbaden, 99. Willcocks, Sir William, 1 and n. Wizikh, 2. Wright, 56 n. Wüstenfeld, 3 n., 147 n. Wuswas, 122, 142 n. X Xanthos, 108. Xeque Mahamed Eben Raxet, ix. Xeres, battle of, 112. Xerxes, 63. Y Yamanlar Dâgh, the, 108. Ya’qûbi, 167 and n. Yâqût, 3, 110, 147 n., 162 and n., 164 and n. Yazdegerd I, King, 57. Yazîd ibn ‘Abd al-Malik (Yazîd II), 110, 117. Yazîd III, 111, 162 n. Yûsuf ibn ‘Umar, 162 n., 168. Z al-Zahrâ, see Medînat al-Zahrâ. al-Zaitûn, Umm, 73 n. Zaitûnah, the, 152. Zaqârît, sub-tribe, 2, 5. al-Zebîb, Khân, 106. Zindjirli, 60 and n., 61, 62 n., 63, 107, 109, 119, 122. Ziyâd ibn Abîhî, 17 n., 146 n., 148, 149, 168. Zohâb, 105, 120. Zugmantel, 100 n. Zûrah, 164.

Plate 3

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, first floor of palace.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, second floor of palace.

Plate 6 Ukhaiḍir, map of site.

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir from north-east.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, central court, from south.

Plate 7

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south-east angle of palace yard.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, north-east corner.

Plate 8

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south-west corner. Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, detail of tower chamber.

Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, decoration on north wall.

Plate 9

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south gate, interior.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, south gate, exterior.

Plate 10

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, chemin de ronde of east wall, looking north.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, north façade, showing loopholes of chemin de ronde.

Plate 11

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, north façade.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, north gate.

Plate 12

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, room 1, looking north.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, room 88, south-west end of vault.

Plate 13

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, room 4, north-east portion of dome.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, room 4, south-west portion of dome.

Plate 14

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, great hall, looking south.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, vault of great hall, looking south.

Plate 15

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, great hall, west side.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, great hall, door of south-west stair.

Plate 16

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, great hall, looking north. Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, vault of south-west stair out of great hall.

Plate 17

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, corridor 5, looking west.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, north end of corridor 20.

Plate 18

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south wall of mosque.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, miḥrâb.

Plate 19

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, east side of mosque.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, east side of mosque, north end.

Plate 20

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south-east angle of mosque.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, south-west angle of mosque.

Plate 21

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, door of mosque.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, north end of gallery 108.

Plate 22

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, north-east angle of court A.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, corridors 28 and 102 from corridor 100.

Plate 23

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, court H

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, second story, rooms 119, 120, and 121, from east.

Plate 24

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, second story, rooms to south and east of court.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, second story, showing doors of 132, 137, and 117.

Plate 25

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, gallery 134.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, squinch in north-west angle of gallery 134.

Plate 26

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, north-west angle of central court.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, east door and south-east end of central court.

Plate 27

Ukhaiḍir, central court, east side of north façade.

Plate 28

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south-east angle of central court.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, fluted semi-dome, south-east angle of central court.

Plate 29

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, room 29 and south side of central court.

Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, south side of central court, door into room 42.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, south side of central court, showing door of room 31.

Plate 30

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, vault of room 31.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, room 31, showing decoration in top of vault.

Plate 31

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south wall, east end of room 32.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, room 40 from room 30. Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, south-west angle of passage 36.

Plate 32

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, room 33, north-west column.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, groin in north-east angle of corridor 28.

Plate 33

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, court B, north-west angle. Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, court B, eastern half of north façade.

Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, court C, north-west angle. Fig. 4. Ukhaiḍir, court C, eastern half of north façade.

Plate 34

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south door of room 44. Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, south doors of room 45.

Plate 35

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south side of court B.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, south-west angle of court H Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, west end of room No. 78.

Plate 36

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, door between rooms 44 and 45 from room 44.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, court C, south door of room 55.

Plate 37

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, door from court C into palace yard. Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, south-west corner of court E.

Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, south side of court H.

Plate 38

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, from south-east corner of chemin de ronde.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, from east gate.

Plate 39

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, south-west angle of court G.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, east annex, north-east end.

Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, east annex, from north.

Plate 40

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, remains of stair.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, room 140.

Plate 41

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, room 141, north-west corner of groin.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, east annex, from south.

Plate 42

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, east annex from south, showing door of room 141.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, north annex, showing roof.

Fig. 3. Ukhaiḍir, north annex, detail of roof.

Plate 43

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, north annex, from north gate.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, from north.

Plate 44

Fig. 1. Ukhaiḍir, north annex, from west.

Fig. 2. Ukhaiḍir, from north-west.

Plate 45

Fig. 1. Qṣair, interior, showing apse. Fig. 2. Qṣair, detail of apse.

Fig. 3. Qṣair, exterior from south.

Plate 46

Fig. 1. Mudjḍah.

Fig. 2. ‘Aṭshân.

Plate 47

Fig. 1. Mudjḍah.

Fig. 2. Mudjḍah.

Fig. 3. Mudjḍah, detail of lower niches.

Plate 48

Fig. 1. Ṭâûq, minaret.

Fig. 2. ‘Aṭshân, from north-east.

Plate 49

Fig. 1. ‘Aṭshân, north gate, exterior. Fig. 2. ‘Aṭshân, north gate, interior.

Plate 50

Fig. 1. ‘Aṭshân, rooms 2, 3, and 5, from north.

Fig. 2. ‘Aṭshân, rooms 5 and 8, from north.

Plate 51

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, corridor 103, east side. Fig. 2. ‘Aṭshân, west door of room 6, from west.

Plate 52

Fig. 1. ‘Aṭshân, room 8, from west.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, vault of room 71.

Plate 55

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, east end of hall 3.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, west end of hall 3.

Plate 56

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, vaulted ramp in corridor 12.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, court M, south antechamber, showing door leading into corridor 42.

Plate 57

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, south-west corner of court M, showing corridor 42.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, east side of courts O and Q.

Plate 58

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, west side of courts Q and S.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, south-west corner of court S.

Plate 59

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, vault of room 73. Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, corridor 43, looking west.

Plate 60

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, court V, looking west.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, gateway between courts U and V, west arch.

Plate 61

Palace of Khusrau, gateway between courts U and V, south-east angle of room 82.

Plate 62

Palace of Khusrau, court W, with rooms 97 and 98.

Plate 63

Fig. 1. Palace of Khusrau, eastern double ramp.

Fig. 2. Palace of Khusrau, north buildings.

Plate 64

Qaṣr-i-Shîrin, Chehâr Qapû.

Plate 65

Fig. 1. Chehâr Qapû, interior of east gate.

Fig. 2. Chehâr Qapû, niche in room 8. Fig. 3. Chehâr Qapû, squinch in room 6.

Plate 66

Fig. 1. Chehâr Qapû, niche in room 6. Fig. 2. Chehâr Qapû, squinch in room 14.

Plate 67

Chehâr Qapû, court D and hall 54, from east.

Plate 68

Fig. 1. Chehâr Qapû, vault of room 31.

Fig. 2. Chehâr Qapû, squinch in room 39.

Plate 69

Fig. 1. Chehâr Qapû, hall 54, south-east corner.

Fig. 2. Chehâr Qapû, hall 54, squinch in south-west corner.

Plate 70

Fig. 1. Chehâr Qapû, hall 54, exterior of south door.

Fig. 2. Chehâr Qapû, hall 54, interior of south door.

Plate 71

Chehâr Qapû, hall 54, from south.

Plate 72

Chehâr Qapû, hall 54, from west.

Plate 73

Fig. 1. Qaṣr-i-Shîrîn, Qal’a-i-Khusrau.

(From M. de Morgan’s ‘Mission scientifique en Perse’.)

Fig. 2. Firûzâbâd.

(From ‘Voyage en Perse’: Flandin & Coste.)

Plate 74

Fig. 1. Sarvistân, small domed chamber.

(From L’Art antique de la Perse’, by kind permission of M. Dieulafoy.)

Fig. 2. Hatra, oversailing vault in main palace.

Plate 75

Fig. 1. Kerkûk, Mâr Ṭahmâsgerd. Fig. 2. Hatra, vaulted passage in so-called temple.

Plate 76

Sarvistân

(From ‘Voyage en Perse’: Flandin & Coste.)

Plate 77

Sargon’s Palace at Khorsâbâd.

(From ‘Ninive’: Place.)

Plate 78

Fig. 1. Gate at Khorsâbâd.

(From ‘Ninive’: Place.)

Fig. 2. Ḍumair.

(From ‘Provincia Arabia’, by kind permission of Professor Brünnow.)

Plate 79

Fig. 1. Kharâneh.

(Phot. by Dr. Moritz.)

Fig. 2. Kharâneh, gateway.

(Phot. by Dr. Moritz.)

Plate 80

Fig. 1. Kharâneh, interior of court.

(Phot. by Dr. Moritz.)

Fig. 2. Kharâneh, interior of audience hall.

(Phot. by Dr. Moritz.)

Plate 81

Mshattâ.

(From ‘Mschattâ’, by kind permission of Professor Strzygowski.)

Plate 82

Fig. 1. Petra, Corinthian tomb.

Fig. 2. Petra, al-Dair.

Plate 83

Ctesiphon.

(From ‘L’Art antique de la Perse’, by kind permission of M. Dieulafoy.)

Plate 84

Fig. 1. Doorway of mosque, Ḥasan Kaif.

Fig. 2. Gateway of mosque, Ḥarrân.

Fig. 3. Mayâfârqin, north façade of mosque.

Plate 85

Ukhaiḍir, reconstructed north façade of central court.

Plate 86

Fig. 1. Parthian decoration, Assur.

Fig. 2. Sasanian silver dish (Hermitage, St. Petersburg, No. 2969).

(Phot. F. Bruckmann A.-G., Munich.)

Plate 87

Details of decoration from Medînat al-Zahrâ.

(By kind permission of M. Velazquez Bosco.)

Plate 88

Fig. 1. Djebel Sindjâr, khân.

Fig. 2. Ḥasan Kaif, mosque.

Plate 89

Fig. 1. Cairo, mosque of Ibn Ṭulûn.

Fig. 2. Mosque of Abû Dulaf.

Plate 90

Diyârbekr, Ulu Djâmi’.

Plate 91

Fig. 1. Cairo, mosque of Ibn Ṭulûn.

Fig. 2. Sâmarrâ, mosque.

Plate 92

Mosque of Ṣalaḥ al-Dîn, Mayâfârqîn.

Plate 93

Fig. 1. Diyârbekr, mosque, fragment of old wall. Fig. 2. Mayâfârqîn, mosque.

FOOTNOTES: