Volume 12 — INDEX.

A.

Abantes, iii. 165.

Abdêra, the army of Xerxes at, v. 42.

Abrokomas, ix. 27, 31.

Abydos, march of Xerxes to, v. 28; revolt of, from Athens, viii. 94; Athenian victory at, over the Peloponnesians, viii. 110; Athenian victory over Pharnabazus at, viii. 121; Derkyllidas at, ix. 310 seq.; Anaxibius and Iphikrates at, ix. 369 seq.

Achæan origin affected by Spartan kings, ii. 11; league, xii. 391.

Achæans, various accounts of, i. 104, 105; effect of the Dorian occupation of Peloponnesus on, ii. 12; Homeric view of, ii. 12; of Phthiôtis and Peloponnesus, ii. 275; of Peloponnesus, ii. 284, 303.

Achæmenes, v. 96.

Achæus, i. 101, 199.

Achaia, ii. 269; towns and territory of, ii. 465 seq.; Epaminondas in, B. C. 367, x. 266; proceedings of the Thebans in B. C. 367, x. 268; alliance of, with Sparta and Elis, B. C. 365, x. 313.

Acharnæ, Archidamus at, vi. 131 seq.

Achelôus, i. 282.

Achillêis, the basis of the Iliad, ii. 175 seq.

Achillês, i. 291 seq., 297 seq.

Achradina, capture of, by Neon, xi. 157.

Acropolis at Athens, flight to, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 114; capture of by Xerxes, v. 117 seq.; visit of the Peisistratids to, after its capture by Xerxes, v. 118; inviolable reserve fund in, vi. 138 seq.

Ada, queen of Karia, xii. 94, 99.

Adeimantus, of Corinth, and Themistoklês, at Salamis, v. 122, 124.

Admêtus and Alkêstis, i. 113 seq.

Admêtus and Themisoklês, v. 283.

Adranum, Timoleon at, xi. 148, 156.

Adrastus, i. 256, seq., 268; iii. 34.

Adrastus, the Phrygian exile, iii. 152.

Adrumetum, captured by Agathokles, xii. 419.

Æa, i. 250 seq.

Æakid genealogy, i. 184 seq., 189.

Æakus, i. 184 seq.

Æêtês, i. 115; and the Argonauts, i. 231 seq.; and Circê, i. 251.

Ægæ, iii. 190.

Ægean, islands in, ii. 214; the Macedonian fleet master of, xii. 141.

Ægean islands, effect of the battle of Chæroneia on, xi. 504.

Ægeids at Sparta, ii. 361.

Ægeus, i. 205; death of, i. 221.

Ægialeus, i. 82.

Ægina, i. 184; war of, against Athens, at the instigation of the Thebans, iv. 171, 173, 315; submission of, to Darius, iv. 315; appeal of Athenians to Sparta against the Medism of, iv. 318; attempted revolution at, by Nikodromus, v. 47 seq.; from B. C. 488 to 481, v. 47, 48 seq., 53; and Athens, settlement of the feud between, v. 58; removal of Athenians to, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 108; Greek fleet at, in the spring of B. C. 479, v. 147; war of Athens against, B. C. 459, v. 321; subdued by Athens, v. 331; expulsion of the Æginetans from, by the Athenians, vi. 136; and Athens, B. C. 389, ix. 371 seq.; Gorgôpas in, ix. 373 seq.; Teleutias in, ix. 373, 376.

Æginæan scale, ii. 319 seq., 325; iii. 171.

Æqinetans, and Thebans, i. 184; and the hostages taken from them by Kleomenês and Leotychidês, v. 46 seq.; pre-eminence of, at Salamis, v. 145; at Thyrea, capture and death of, B. C. 424, vi. 366.

Ægistheus, i. 162 seq.

Ægospotami, battle of, viii. 217 seq.; condition of Athens and her dependencies after the battle of, viii. 223, 225, 227 seq.

Ægyptos, i. 87.

Æimnestus and Dionysius, x. 468.

Æneadæ at Skêpsis, i. 316.

Æneas, i. 293, 315 seq.

Ænianes, ii. 286.

Æolic Greeks in the Trôad, i. 335; emigration under the Pelopids, ii. 19; Kymê, custom at, in cases of murder, ii. 94 n.; and Doric dialects, ii. 335; cities in Asia, iii. 190 seq.; emigration, iii. 191, 193; establishments near Mount Ida, iii. 195.

Æolid line, the first, i. 107 seq.; the second, i. 112 seq.; the third, i. 119 seq.; the fourth, i. 123 seq.

Æolis, iii. 195; the subsatrapy of, and Pharnabazus, ix. 206 seq.

Æolus, i. 95 seq., 103.

Æpytus, i. 176.

Æschinês, at the battle of Tamynæ, xi. 342; proceedings of, against Philip, after his capture of Olynthus, xi. 366; early history of, xi. 366; as envoy of Athens in Arcadia, xi. 367; desire of, for peace, B. C. 347, xi. 368; and the embassies from Athens to Philip, xi. 381 seq., 406, 410, 413 seq., 422; and the motion of Philokrates for peace and alliance with Philip, xi. 391 seq.; fabrications of, about Philip, xi. 398, 408, 409, 412 seq.; visit of, to Philip in Phokis, xi. 422; justifies Philip after his conquest of Thermopylæ, xi. 425; corruption of, xi. 430 seq.; at the Amphiktyonic assembly at Delphi, B. C. 359, xi. 470 seq.; on the special Amphiktyonic meeting at Thermopylæ, xi. 479; conduct of, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 506; accusation against Ktesiphon by, xii. 286 seq.; exile of, xii. 293 seq.

Æschylus, Promêtheus of, i. 78, 381 n.; his treatment of mythes, i. 379 seq.; Sophoklês, and Euripidês, viii. 317 seq.

Æsculapius, i. 178 seq.

Æsôn, death of, i. 114.

Æsymnête, iii. 19.

Æthiopis of Arktinus, ii. 156.

Æêthlius, i. 99.

Ætna, foundation of the city of, v. 229; second city of, v. 236; reconquered by Duketius, vii. 123; conquest of, by Dionysius, x. 468; Campanians of, x. 497.

Ætolia, legendary settlement of, i. 137; expedition of Demosthenes against, vi. 296 seq.

Ætolian genealogy, i. 138.

Ætolians, ii. 290; rude condition of, ii. 292; emigration of, into Peloponnesus, ii. 325 seq.; and Akarnanians, iii. 411; and Peloponnesians under Eurylochus attack Naupaktus, xi. 291; contest and pacification of, with Antipater, xii. 332; Kassander’s attempt to check, xii. 370.

Ætolo-Eleians and the Olympic games, ii. 317.

Ætôlus, i. 102, 103; and Oxylus, i. 153.

Africa, circumnavigation of, by the Phenicians, iii. 283 seq.; expedition of Agathokles to, against Carthage, xii. 410 seq., 444.

Agamêdês and Trophonius, i. 129.

Agamemnôn, pre-eminence of, i. 154 seq., 161 seq., 163; and Orestes transferred to Sparta, i. 165; and the Trojan expedition, i. 289, 293.

Agaristê and Megaklês, iii. 38.

Agasias, ix. 145, 147 seq.

Agathokles, first rise of, xii. 397; distinction of, in the Syracusan expedition to Kroton, xii. 398; retires from Syracuse to Italy, xii. 398; exploits of, in Italy and Sicily, about B. C. 320, xii. 285; first ascendency of, at Syracuse, xii. 399; his readmission to Syracuse, xii. 400; massacres the Syracusans, xii. 401 seq.; constituted despot of Syracuse, xii. 402; his popular manners, and military success, xii. 404 seq.; and the Agrigentines, xii. 404, 406, 407; and Deinokrates, xii. 407, 440, 446 seq.; massacre at Gela by, xii. 408; defeat of, at the Himera, xii. 409; expedition of, to Africa, xii. 410 seq., 444; capture of Megalêpolis and Tunês by, xii. 414; victory of, over Hanno and Bomilkar, xii. 416 seq.; operations of, on the eastern coast of Carthage, xii. 419 seq.; mutiny in the army of, at Tunês, xii. 426; in Numidia, xii. 427; and Ophellas, xii. 427, 431 seq.; capture of Utica by, xii. 436; goes from Africa to Sicily, B. C. 306-305, xii. 438, 439; in Sicily, B. C. 306-305, xii. 439 seq.; returns from Sicily to Africa, where he is defeated by the Carthaginians, xii. 441; deserts his army at Tunês, and they capitulate, xii. 443, 444; barbarities of, at Egesta and Syracuse, after his African expedition, xii. 445; operations of, in Liparæ, Italy, and Korkyra, xii. 448; last projects and death of, xii. 449 seq.; genius and character of, xii. 450 seq.

Agavê and Pentheus, i. 261 seq.

Agêma, Macedonian, xii. 63.

Agên, the satiric drama, xii. 296 and n. 2.

Agenôr and his offspring, i. 257.

Agesandridas, viii. 71, 74 seq.

Agesilaus, character of, ix. 242, 246, 280; nomination of, as king, ix. 244 seq.; popular conduct and partisanship of, ix. 246; expedition of, to Asia, B. C. 397, ix. 257 seq.; humiliation of Lysander by, ix. 260 seq.; Tissaphernes breaks the truce with, ix. 261; attacks of, on the satrapy of Pharnabazus, ix. 261, 273 seq.; his enrichment of his friends, ix. 262; humanity of, ix. 263; naked exposure of Asiatic prisoners by, ix. 265 seq.; at Ephesus, ix. 266; victory of, near Sardis, ix. 267; negotiations of, with Tithraustes, ix. 269; appointed to command at sea and on land, ix. 269, 271; efforts of, to augment his fleet, ix. 273; and Spithridates, ix. 274; and Pharnabazus, conference between, ix. 277 seq.; large preparations and recall of, from Asia, ix. 280, 286, 308 seq.; relations of Sparta with her neighbors and allies after the accession of, ix. 284; on the northern frontier of Bœotia, ix. 312; victory of, at Koroneia, ix. 313 seq.; and Teleutias, capture of the Long Walls at Corinth, and of Lechæum by, ix. 339 seq.; capture of Peiræum and Œnoê by, ix. 344, 345 seq.; and the Isthmian festival, ix. 344; and the envoys from Thebes, ix. 346, 352; and the destruction of the Lacedæmonian mora by Iphikrates, ix. 348, 352; expedition of, against Akarnania, ix. 354; and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 385 seq.; miso-Theban sentiment of, x. 28, 34; his defence of Phœbidas, x. 62; subjugation of Phlius by, x. 70 seq.; and the trial of Sphodrias, x. 100; expeditions of, against Thebes, x. 127 seq.; and Epaminondas, at the congress at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 170; and the re-establishment of Mantinea, x. 205 seq.; feeling against, at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 207; march of, against Mantinea, x. 211 seq.; vigilant defence of Sparta by, against Epaminondas, x. 221, 330; in Asia, B. C. 366, x. 294, 296; in Egypt, x. 362 seq., and the independence of Mêssêne, x. 360; death and character of, x. 363 seq.

Agesipolis, ix. 356 seq.; x. 35 seq., 67, 70.

Agêtus and Aristo, iv. 326.

Agis II., invasion of Attica by, B. C. 425, vi. 313; advance of, to Leuktra, B. C. 419, vii. 64; invasion of Argos by, vii. 71 seq.; retirement of, from Argos, vii. 74 seq.; at the battle of Mantinea, B. C. 418, vii. 81 seq.; invasion of Attica by, vii. 288, 353; movements of, after the Athenian disaster in Sicily, vii. 364; applications from Eubœa and Lesbos to, B. C. 413, vii. 365; overtures of peace from the Four Hundred to, viii. 44; repulse of, by Thrasyllus, viii. 128; fruitless attempt of, to surprise Athens, viii. 156; invasions of Elis by, ix. 225 seq.; death of, ix. 241.

Agis III., ii. 387 seq., 127, 281 seq.

Aglaurion, v. 117 n.

Agnonides, xii. 351.

Agones and festivals in honor of gods, i. 51.

Agora, Homeric, ii. 67 seq.; and Boulê, ii. 75.

Agoratus, viii. 235, 240.

Agrigentine generals, accusation and death of, x. 427.

Agrigentines, and Agathokles, xii. 404, 406, 425; defeat of, by Leptines and Demophilus, xii. 440; defeat of, by Leptines, xii. 441.

Agrigentum, iii. 366; Phalaris of, iv. 378, v. 204; and Syracuse, before B. C. 500, v. 205; prisoners sent to, after the battle of Himera, v. 225; and Syracuse, B. C. 446, vii. 126; after the Theronian dynasty, vii. 127; and Hannibal’s capture of Selinus, x. 408; defensive preparations at, against Hannibal and Imilkon, x. 422; strength, wealth, and population of, B. C. 406, x. 423 seq.; blockade and capture of, by the Carthaginians, x. 425 seq.; complaints against the Syracusan generals at, x. 427, 431, 433 seq.; declaration of, against Dionysius, xi. 6; Timoleon and the fresh colonization of, xi. 187; siege of, by Agathokles, xii. 406.

Agylla, plunder of the temple at, xi. 25.

Agyrium, Dionysius and Magon at, ix. 7.

Agyrrhius, ix. 368.

Ajax, son of Telamôn, i. 187, 299.

Ajax, son of Oïleus, i. 189, 305, 310.

Akanthus, iv. 25; march of Xerxes to, v. 43; induced by Brasidas to revolt from Athens, vi. 406 seq.; speech of Brasidas at, ix. 193 seq.; opposition of, to the Olynthian confederacy, x. 52 seq., 57.

Akarnan and Amphoterus, i. 282.

Akarnania, Demosthenês in, B. C. 426, vi. 296; expedition of Agesilaus against, ix. 354.

Akarnanians, ii. 292 seq., iii. 407 seq.; and Athens, alliance between, vi. 120; under Demosthenês save Naupaktus, vi. 303; and Amphilochians, pacific treaty of, with the Ambrakiots, vi. 311.

Akastus, wife of, and Pêleus, i. 114.

Akesines, crossed by Alexander, xii. 230.

Akræ in Sicily, iii. 366.

Akragas, iii. 366.

Akrisois, Danaê and Perseus, i. 89 seq.

Akrotatus, xii. 404.

Aktæôn, i. 260.

Aktê, Brasidas in, vi. 421.

Akusilaus, his treatment of mythes, i. 390.

Alæsa, foundation of, x. 469.

Alalia, Phokæan colony at, iv. 205.

Alazônes, iii. 239.

Alcyone and Kêyx, i. 135.

Alêtês, ii. 9.

Aleus, i. 176.

Alexander of Macedon, and Greeks at Tempê, on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 69; embassy of, to Athens, v. 150 seq.; and the Athenians before the battle of Platæa, v. 151.

Alexander the Great, his visit to Ilium, i. 326, xii. 69; successors of, and Ilium, i. 326; comparison between the invasion of, and that of Xerxes, v. 240; birth of, xi. 241; at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 500; quarrels of, with his father, xi. 513, xii. 3; accession of, xi. 517, xii. 1, 7; character, education, and early political action of, xii. 2 seq.; uncertain position of, during the last year of Philip, xii. 5; Amyntas put to death by, xii. 8; march of, into Greece, B. C. 336, xii. 11; chosen Imperator of the Greeks, xii. 13; convention at Corinth under, B. C. 336, xii. 13; authority claimed by, under the convention at Corinth, xii. 15; violations of the convention at Corinth by, xii. 16 seq.; expedition of, into Thrace, xii. 22 seq., 25, n.; embassy of Gauls to, xii. 26; victories of, over Kleitus and the Illyrians, xii. 27 seq.; revolt of Thebes against, xii. 29 seq.; march of, from Thrace to Thebes, xii. 36; capture and destruction of Thebes by, xii. 37 seq.; demands the surrender of anti-Macedonian leaders at Athens, xii. 45; at Corinth, B. C. 335, xii. 48; and Diogenes, xii. 48; reconstitution of Bœotia by, xii. 48; Grecian history a blank in the reign of, xii. 50; connection of his Asiatic conquests with Grecian history, xii. 50, 179 seq.; Pan-Hellenic pretences of, xii. 51; analogy of his relation to the Greeks with those of Napoleon to the Confederation of the Rhine, xii. 51, 52 n.; military endowments of, xii. 52; military changes in Greece during the sixty years before the accession of, xii. 53 seq.; measures of, before going to Asia, xii. 67; his march to the Hellespont and passage to Asia, xii. 69, 78; analogy of, to the Greek heroes, xii. 71; review of his army in Asia, xii. 72; Macedonian officers of his army in Asia, xii. 73; Greeks in his service in Asia, xii. 74; defensive preparation of Darius against, xii. 76; victory of, at the Granikus, xii. 81 seq.; submission of the Asiatics to, after the battle of the Granikus, xii. 89; and Mithrines, xii. 90, 207; capture of Ephesus by, xii. 90; capture of Miletus by, xii. 92 seq.; debate of, with Parmenio at Miletus, xii. 92; disbands his fleet, xii. 94; capture of Halikarnassus by, xii. 94 seq.; conquest of Lykia, Pamphylia, and Pisidia by, xii. 99; at Kelænæ, xii. 101; cuts the Gordian knot, xii. 104; refuses to liberate the Athenians captured at the Granikus, xii. 105; subjugation of Paphlagonia and Kappadokia by, xii. 111; passes Mount Taurus and enters Tarsus, xii. 111 seq.; operations of, in Kilikia, xii. 113; march of, from Kilikia to Myriandrus, xii. 114; return of, from Myriandrus, xii. 117; victory of, at Issus, xii. 118 seq.; his courteous treatment of Darius’s mother, wife and family, xii. 124, 153; his treatment of Greeks taken at Damascus, xii. 129; in Phœnicia, xii. 130 seq., 150; his correspondence with Darius, xii. 130, 140; siege and capture of Tyre by, xii. 132 seq.; surrender of the princes of Cyprus to, xii. 138; his march towards Egypt, xii. 141, 142, 145; siege and capture of Gaza by, xii. 142 seq.; his cruelty to Batis, xii. 145; in Egypt, xii. 146 seq.; crosses the Euphrates at Thapsakus, xii. 150; fords the Tigris, xii. 151; continence of, xii. 158 n. 2; victory of, at Arbela, xii. 155 seq.; surrender of Susa and Babylon to, xii. 168; his march from Susa to Persepolis, xii. 171; at Persepolis, xii. 172 seq.; subjugation of Persis by, xii. 177; at Ekbatana, xii. 181, 246 seq.; sends home the Thessalian cavalry, xii. 181; pursues Darius into Parthia, xii. 181 seq.; disappointment of, in not taking Darius alive, xii. 186; Asiatizing tendencies of, xii. 188, 215, 267; at Hekatompylus, xii. 187; in Hyrkania, xii. 188; his treatment of the Grecian mercenaries and envoys with Darius, xii. 188, 189; in Aria and Drangiana, xii. 189 seq., 200; Parmenio and Philotas put to death by, xii. 190 seq.; in Gedrosia, xii. 200, 236; foundation of Alexandria ad Caucasum by, xii. 200; in Baktria and Sogdiana, xii. 201 seq.; and Bessus, 12, 202, 208; massacre of the Branchidæ by, xii. 203 seq.; at Marakanda, xii. 204, 207 seq.; and the Scythians, xii. 206, 213; Kleitus killed by, xii. 208 seq., 213, 216 seq., 222 seq.; capture of the Sogdian rock and the rock of Choriênes by, xii. 214; and Roxana, xii. 214, 215; and Kallisthenes, conspiracy of royal pages against, xii. 221; reduces the country between Hindoo Koosh and the Indus, xii. 225 seq.; crosses the Indus and the Hydaspes, and defeats Porus, xii. 227 seq., 228 n. 2, and n. 1, page 229; conquests of, in the Punjab, xii. 227 seq.; refusal of his army to march farther, xii. 231; voyage of, down the Hydaspes and the Indus, xii. 234; wounded in attacking the Malli, xii. 234; posts on the Indus established by, xii. 235; his bacchanalian procession thro’ Karmania, xii. 236; and the tomb of Cyrus the Great, xii. 237; satraps of, xii. 239 seq.; discontents and mutiny of his Macedonian soldiers, xii. 241 seq.; Asiatic levies of, xii. 243; sails down the Pasitigris and up the Tigris to Opis, xii. 243; partial disbanding of his Macedonian soldiers by, xii. 245; preparations of, for the conquest and circumnavigation of Asia, xii. 245, 250; his grief for the death of Hephæstion, xii. 247, 253; extermination of the Kossæi by, xii. 248; his last visit to Babylon, xii. 248 seq.; numerous embassies to, B. C. 323, xii. 248; his sail on the Euphrates, xii. 250; his incorporation of Persians in the Macedonian phalanx, xii. 251; his despatch to Kleomenes, xii. 253; forebodings and suspicion of, at Babylon, xii. 253, 254 n. 3; illness and death of, xii. 254 seq.; rumored poisoning of, xii. 256 n. 2; sentiments excited by the career and death of, xii. 258 seq.; probable achievements of, if he had lived longer, xii. 259 seq.; character of, as a ruler, xii. 261 seq.; absence of nationality in, xii. 264; Livy’s opinion as to his chances, if he had attacked the Romans, xii. 260; unrivalled excellence of, as a military man, xii. 261; not the intentional diffuser of Hellenic culture, xii. 265 seq.; cities founded in Asia by, xii. 267; Asia not Hellenized by, xii. 269; increased intercommunication produced by the conquests of, xii. 272 seq.; his interest in science and literature, xii. 274; state of the Grecian world when he crossed the Hellespont, xii. 275; possibility of emancipating Greece during his earlier Asiatic campaigns, xii. 276; his rescript directing the recall of Grecian exiles, xii. 310 seq.; his family and generals, after his death, xii. 319 seq.; partition of the empire of, xii. 319, 337; list of projects entertained by, at the time of his death, xii. 320.

Alexander, son of Alexander the Great, xii. 333, 340, 342, 366, 367, 371.

Alexander, son of Polysperchon, xii. 366, 368, 369.

Alexander, son of Kassander, xii. 389.

Alexander, king of the Molossians, xii. 396 seq.

Alexander, son of Amyntas, x. 248, 249.

Alexander of Epirus, marriage of, xi. 515.

Alexander, the Lynkestian, xi. 517 seq.

Alexander of Pheræ, x. 248; expeditions of Pelopidas against, x. 248, 263, 303, 307 seq., 309 n. 3; seizure of Pelopidas and Ismenias by, x. 282 seq.; release of Pelopidas and Ismenias by, x. 285; subdued by the Thebans, x. 309 seq.; naval hostilities of, against Athens, x. 370; cruelties and assassination of, xi. 203 seq.

Alexandreia Trôas, i. 326.

Alexandria in Egypt, xii. 146; ad Caucasum, xii. 200; in Ariis, and in Arachosia, xii. 200 n. 4; ad Jaxartem, xii. 205, 206.

Alexandrine chronology from the return of the Herakleids to the first Olympiad, ii. 304.

Alexiklês, viii. 64, 67, 68.

Alkæus, Herodotus’s mistake about, iii. 155 n.; his flight from battle, iii. 199; opposition of, to Pittakus, iii. 199, iv., 90 seq.; collected works of, iv. 90 n. 4; subjective character of his poetry, i. 363.

Alkamenês, son of Têleklus, ii. 420.

Alkamenês, appointment of, to go to Lesbos, vii. 365; defeat and death of, vii. 369.

Alkestis and Admêtus, i. 113 seq.

Alketas, x. 139, 147 n., 153, xi. 54.

Alkibiades, reputed oration of Androkidês against, iv. 151, n. 3, vi. 7, n. 2; alleged duplication of the tribute-money of Athenian allies by, vi. 7, n. 2; at the battle of Delium, v. 397; education and character of, vii. 30 seq.; and Sokratês, vii. 35 seq.; conflicting sentiments entertained towards, vii. 40; attempts of, to revive his family tie with Sparta, vii. 42; early politics of, vii. 42; adoption of anti-Laconian politics by, vii. 43; attempt of, to ally Argos with Athens, B. C. 420, vii. 43; trick of, upon the Lacedæmonian envoys, vii. 46 seq.; display of, at the Olympic festival, vii. 53 seq., 59 n.; intra-Peloponnesian policy of, B. C. 419, vii. 62 seq.; expedition of, into the interior of Peloponnesus, B. C. 419, vii. 63; at Argos, B. C. 418, vii. 75, and B. C. 416, vii. 98; and Nikias, projected contention of ostracism between, vii. 104 seq.; his support of the Egestæan envoys at Athens, B. C. 416, vii. 146; and the Sicilian expedition, vii. 148, 152 seq., 160 seq.; attack upon, in connection with the mutilation of the Hermæ, vii. 175, 207 seq.; the Eleusinian mysteries and, vii. 175 seq., 211 seq.; viii. 150; plan of action in Sicily proposed by, vii. 191; at Messênê in Sicily, vii. 193; at Katana, vii. 193; recall of, to take his trial, vii. 195, 211 seq.; escape and condemnation of, vii. 211 seq., 235 n. 2; at Sparta, vii. 235 seq.; Lacedæmonians persuaded by, to send aid to Chios, vii. 367; expedition of, to Chios, vii. 370 seq.; revolt of Milêtus from Athens, caused by, vii. 375; order from Sparta to kill, viii. 2; escape of, to Tissaphernês, viii. 3; advice of, to Tissaphernês, viii. 3; acts as interpreter between Tissaphernês and the Greeks, viii. 5 seq.; oligarchical conspiracy of, with the Athenian officers at Samos, viii. 6 seq.; counter manœuvres of, against Phrynichus, viii. 12; proposed restoration of, to Athens, viii. 12, 13; negotiations of, with Peisander, viii. 15, 20 seq.; and the Athenian democracy at Samos, viii. 49 seq., 51, 52 seq.; at Aspendus, viii. 100; return of, from Aspendus to Samos, viii. 116; arrival of, at the Hellespont, from Samos, viii. 117; arrest of Tissaphernês by, viii. 120; escape of, from Sardis, viii. 120; and the Athenian fleet, at the Bosphorus, viii. 126; attack upon Chalkêdon by, viii. 126; occupation of Chrysopolis by, viii. 127; and Thrasyllus, at the Hellespont, viii. 130; capture of Chalkêdon by, viii. 132; and Pharnabazus, viii. 133; proceedings of, in Thrace and Asia, B. C. 407, viii. 144; return of, to Athens, B. C. 407, viii. 145 seq.; expedition of, to Asia, B. C. 407, viii. 150 seq.; dissatisfaction of the armament at Samos with, viii. 153; accusations against, at Athens, B. C. 407, viii. 153; alteration of sentiment towards, at Athens, B. C. 407, viii. 156 seq.; and Nikias, different behavior of the Athenians towards, viii. 158; dismissal of, from his command, B. C. 407, viii. 158; at Ægospotami, viii. 217; position and views of, in Asia, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 313 seq.; assassination of, viii. 314 seq.; character of, viii. 316 seq.

Alkidas, vi. 237, 239 seq., 266 seq.

Alkmæôn, i. 278 seq.

Alkmæônids, curse, trial, and condemnation of, iii. 82; proceedings of, against Hippias, iv. 120; rebuilding of Delphian temple by, iv. 121; false imputation of treachery on at the battle of Marathon, iv. 356; demand of Sparta for the expulsion of, vi. 97.

Alkman, iv. 77, 82, 85 seq.

Alkmênê, i. 91.

Allegorical interpretation of mythes, i. 418 seq., 425, 436.

Allegory rarely admissible in the interpretation of mythes, i. 2.

Alôids, the, i. 136.

Alos, sanguinary rites at, i. 125.

Althæa and the burning brand, i. 144.

Althæmenês, founder of Rhodes, ii. 30.

Althæmenês and Katreus, i. 224.

Alyattês and Kyaxarês, iii. 230; war of, with Milêtus, iii. 255 seq.; sacrilege committed by, iii. 256; long reign, death and sepulchre of, iii. 257.

Amaltheia, the horn of, i. 150.

Amanus, Mount, march of Darius to, xii. 115.

Amasis, iii. 328 seq.; death of, iv. 229.

Amasis and Polykratês, iv. 241.

Amastris, xii. 467 seq.

Amazons, legend of, i. 209 seq.

Ambrakia, iii. 404, 405.

Ambrakiots, attack of, upon Amphilokian Argos, vi. 180; attack of upon Akarnania, vi. 192 seq.; projected attack of, on Amphilochian Argos, vi. 302; defeat of, at Olpæ, vi. 304; Menedæus’s desertion of, vi. 305 seq.; Demosthenês’s victory over, vi. 307 seq.; pacific convention of, with the Akarnanians and Amphilochians, vi. 311.

Ambrysus, re-fortification of, xi. 494.

Ammon, Alexander’s visit to the oracle of, xii. 147.

Amnesty decreed by Solon, iii. 98; proposed by Patrokleidês, viii. 225; at Athens, B. C. 403, viii. 293, 299 seq.

Amompharetus, v. 174 seq.

Amorgês, vii. 375; capture of, vii. 388.

Amphiaraus, i. 272, 275.

Amphiktyon, i. 98, 99, 103.

Amphiktyonic assembly, i. 100, ii. 243 seq., xi. 241; condemnation of Sparta by, x. 202 seq.; accusation of Thebes against Sparta before, xi. 242; accusation of Thebes against Phokis before, xi. 243; resistance of Phokis to, xi. 244 seq.; sentence of, against the Phokians, and honors conferred upon Philip by, xi. 425, 429; at Delphi, B. C. 339, xi. 470 seq.

Amphiktyonies, or exclusive religious partnerships, ii. 243 seq., 248.

Amphiktyons, punishment of the Kirrhæans by, iv. 61; establishment of the Pythian games by, iv. 63; violent measures of, against the Amphissians, xi. 474 seq.

Amphiktyony at Kalauria, i. 133.

Amphilochian Argos, Eurylochus’s projected attack upon, vi. 302.

Amphilochians and Akarnanians, pacific treaty of, with the Ambrakiots, vi. 211.

Amphilochus, i. 278; wanderings of, i. 313.

Amphiôn and Zethus, i. 263 seq.; Homeric legend of, i. 257.

Amphipolis, foundation of, vi. 11 seq.; acquisition of, by Brasidas, vi. 406 seq.; proceedings of Brasidas in, vi. 420; policy of Kleon and Nikias for the recovery of, vi. 457 seq.; Kleon’s expedition against, vi. 462 seq.; topography of, vi. 464 seq.; battle of, vi. 471 seq.; negotiations for peace after the battle of, vi. 489; not restored to Athens, on the peace of, Nikias, vii. 4; neglect of, by the Athenians, vii. 104, xi. 215; claim of Athens to, x. 245 seq., 294; Iphikrates at, x. 251, 299; failure of Timotheus at, x. 301; nine defeats of the Athenians at, x. 302 n. 2; Kallisthenes at, x. 370; Philip renounces his claim to, xi. 212; siege and capture of, by Philip, xi. 232 seq.; Philip’s dealings with the Athenians respecting, xi. 235.

Amphissa, capture of, by Philip, xi. 497.

Amphissians, accusation of, against Athens, xi. 470 seq.; violent proceedings of the Amphiktyons against, xi. 473 seq.

Amphitryôn, i. 91.

Amphoterus and Akarnan, i. 283.

Amyklæ, ii. 327; conquest of, ii. 419.

Amykus, i. 169.

Amyntas, and the Peisistratids, iv. 19.

Amyntas, father of Philip, x. 48 seq., 243 seq.; and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 50, 56, 58, 65; and Iphikrates, x. 108; and Athens, x. 243, 245; death of, x. 243; assistance of Iphikrates to the family of, x. 250.

Amyntas, son of Antiochus, xii. 9, 116, 125.

Amyntas, son of Perdikkas, xii. 8.

Anaktorium, iii. 402 seq., vi. 360.

Anaphê, i. 240.

Anapus, crossing of, by Dion, xi. 91.

Anaxagoras, vi. 101.

Anaxandrides, bigamy of, ii. 386.

Anaxarchus of Abdera, xii. 213, 215, 217.

Anaxibius, ix. 150 seq., 156 seq.; in the Hellespont, ix. 369; death of, ix. 371 seq.

Anaxikratês, v. 335.

Anaxilaus, v. 211, 230.

Anaximander, iv. 381 seq.

Anaximenês of Lampsakus, i. 409.

Andokidês, reputed oration of, against Alkibiadês, iv. 151 n. 1, vi. 6 n. 1; de Mysteriis, iv. 123 n. 3; and the mutilation of, the Hermæ, vii. 196, 200 seq.

Androgeos, death of, i. 211.

Androklus, iii. 175.

Andromachê and Helenus, i. 305.

Andromachus, xi. 146.

Andrôn, story of, respecting Krête, ii. 29.

Andros, siege of, by Themistoklês, v. 141; siege of, by Alkibiadês and Konon, viii. 151.

Animals, worship of, in Egypt, iii. 319.

Ankæus, i. 177.

Antalkidas, embassy of, to Tiribazus, ix. 374 seq.; embassies of, to Persia, ix. 383, x. 157; in the Hellespont, ix. 384; the peace of, ix. 385 seq., x. 1 seq.

Antandrus, expulsion of Arsakes from, viii. 114; the Syracusans at, x. 386.

Ante-Hellenic inhabitants of Greece, ii. 261; colonies from Phœnicia and Egypt not probable, ii. 267.

Antênôr, i. 304, 315.

Antigonê, i. 276.

Antigonus and Perdikkas, xii. 334; and Eumenes, xii. 338; great power of, xii. 367; alliance of Kassander, Lysimachus and Ptolemy against, xii. 367, 372, 383, 387; measures of, against Kassander, xii. 369, 370; pacification of, with Kassander, Lysimachus, and Ptolemy, xii. 371; Roxana and her son Alexander put to death by, xii. 371; murders Kleopatra, sister of Alexander, xii. 372; Athenian envoys sent to, xii. 380; death of, xii. 387.

Antigonus Gonatas, xii. 390.

Antilochus, death of, i. 298.

Antimachus of Kolophon, i. 268.

Antiochus at Samos and Notium, viii. 152, 153.

Antiochus, the Arcadian, x. 280.

Antiopê, i. 257 seq.

Antipater, embassy of, from Philip to Athens, xi. 386, 387, 390, 397, 401; made viceroy of Macedonia, xii. 67, 68; and Olympias, xii. 68, 254; defeat of Agis by, xii. 284; submission of all Greece to, xii. 285; Grecian hostilities against, after Alexander’s death, xii. 313 seq.; and Kraterus, xii. 321 seq., 335; victory of, at Krannon, xii. 321, 322; terms imposed upon Athens by, xii. 324 seq.; remodels the Peloponnesian cities, xii. 332; contest and pacification of, with the Ætolians, xii. 332; made guardian of Alexander’s family, xii. 337; death of, xii. 338; last directions of, xii. 339.

Antipater, son of Kassander, xii. 389.

Antiphilus, xii. 319, 321.

Antiphon, viii. 18, 30 seq., 57 seq., 78 seq.

Antiquity, Grecian, a religious conception, i. 445; stripped of its religious character by chronology, i. 446.

Antisthenês, at Kaunus, vii. 397.

Antistrophê, introduction of, iv. 89.

Anytus, viii. 130, 242.

Aornos, rock of, xii. 225 n. 2, 227.

Apatê, i. 7.

Apaturia, excitement at the, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 193 seq.

Aphareus, i. 168, 169.

Apheidas, i. 176.

Aphepsion, and Mantitheus, vii. 200.

Aphetæ, Persian fleet at, v. 97, 98, 101.

Aphroditê, i. 5, 52.

Apis, i. 83.

Apodektæ, iv. 137.

Apollo, i. 10; legends of, i. 45 seq., 50; worship and functions of, i. 49 seq., iii. 168; and Laomedon, i. 57, 285; and Hermês, i. 59; types of, i. 61; and Admêtus, i. 113; and Korônis, i. 176; Sminthius, i. 337; evidence of the Homeric Hymn to, as to early Ionic life, iii. 168; temple of at Klarus, iii. 184; reply of Delphian to the remonstrance of Crœsus, iv. 189.

Apollodôrus, his genealogy of Hellên, i. 106 seq.

Apollodôrus and the Theôric fund, xi. 348.

Apollokratês, xi. 105, 107, 117.

Apollonia, iii. 402 seq.; and the Illyrians, iv. 6 seq.; and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 52.

Apollonides, xii. 142, 149.

Apriês, reign and death of, iii. 323 seq.

Apsyrtus, i. 238.

Arabia, Alexander’s projects with regard to, xii. 245, 250.

Arachosia, Alexander in, xii. 200.

Aradus, surrender of, to Alexander xii. 130.

Arbela, battle of, xii. 155 seq.

Arbitration at Athens, v. 354.

Arcadia, ii. 299; state of, B. C. 560, ii. 441 seq.; and Sparta, ii. 444 seq., v. 315; proceedings in, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 204 seq.; invasions of, by Archidamus, x. 265, 310 seq.; mission of Epaminondas to, x. 288; dissensions in, x. 322 seq.; embassy of Æschines to, xi. 368.

Arcadians, ii. 301, 433 seq; sympathy of, with Messenians, ii. 427; impulse of towards a Pan-Arcadian union, x. 208; application of, to Athens and Thebes, for aid against Sparta, x. 213; Epaminondas and the consolidation of, x. 215; energetic action and insolence of, x. 259 seq.; envoy to Persia from, x. 278, 280; protest of, against the headship of Thebes, x. 281; alliance of Athens with, x. 287; and Eleians, x. 314 seq., 323; occupation and plunder of Olympia by, x. 314, 320 seq.; celebration of the Olympic games by, x. 318 seq.; seizure of, at Tegea, by the Theban harmost, x. 324 seq.

Archagathus, xii. 438, 439, 443.

Archêgelês, Apollo, i. 50.

Archelaus, x. 46 seq.; siege of Pydna by, viii. 118.

Archeptolemus, viii. 84 seq.

Archias, œkist of Syracuse, iii. 363.

Archias, the Theban, x. 82, 85.

Archias, the Exile-Hunter, xii. 326 seq.

Archidamus II., speech of, against war with Athens, vi. 80 seq.; invasions of Attica by, vii. 126 seq., 152, 221; his expedition to Platæa, vi. 185 seq.

Archidamus III., invasions of Arcadia by, x. 265, 316 seq.; and the independence of Messênê, x. 291, 360; and Philomelus, xi. 254; expedition of, against Megalopolis, xi. 306; aid to the Phokians at Thermopylæ under, xi. 419, 421; xii. 281, 394.

Archilochus, i. 362; iv. 26, 73, 76 seq.

Archinus, decrees of, viii. 299, 308.

Architects at Athens, under Periklês, vi. 20.

Architecture, Grecian, between B. C. 600-550, iv. 98.

Archonides, x. 469.

Archons after Kodrus, iii. 49; the nine, iii. 75; judges without appeal till after Kleisthenês, iii. 129; effect of Kleisthenês’s revolution on, iv. 137 seq., 142 seq.; limited functions of, after the Persian war, v. 276; limitation of the functions of, by Periklês, v. 355, 358, 365.

Ardys, iii. 223.

Areopagus, senate of, iii. 73; and the Ephetæ, iii. 79; and the Eumenides of Æschylus, iii. 80 n.; powers of, enlarged by Solon, iii. 122; under the Solonian and Kleisthenean constitutions, iv. 141; in early Athens, v. 352 seq.; oligarchical tendencies of, v. 354; venerable character and large powers of, v. 359; at variance with the growing democratic sentiment, B. C. 480-460, v. 361; a centre of action for the oligarchical party, v. 361; power of, abridged by Periklês and Ephialtês, v. 366 seq.

Arês, i. 10.

Aretê, xi. 55, 56, 82, 129.

Argadeis, iii. 50.

Argæus and Philip, xi. 212.

Arganthonius and the Phokæans, iv. 199.

Argeian Demos, proceedings of, vii. 99.

Argeian genealogies, i. 81.

Argeians, attempts of, to recover Thyrea, ii. 447; defeat and destruction of, by Kleomenês, iv. 321; trick of, with their callendar, vii. 65; Epidaurus, vii. 69, 70, 88; at the battle within the Long Walls of Corinth, ix. 333; manœuvres of, respecting the holy truce, ix. 344; and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 387; and Mardonius, v. 157.

Argês, i. 5.

Argilus, acquisition of, by Brasidas, vi. 406 seq.

Arginusæ, battle of, viii. 173 seq.; recall, impeachment, defence, and condemnation of the generals at the battle of, viii. 181, 210; inaction of the Athenian fleet after the battle of, viii. 215.

Argô, the, i. 231.

Argonautic expedition, i. 231 seq.; monuments of, i. 241 seq.; how and when attached to Kolchis, i. 251; attempts to reconcile the, with geographical knowledge, i. 254 seq.; continued faith in, i. 255; Dr. Warton and M. Ginguené on the, i. 481 n.

Argos, rise of, coincident with the decline of Mykênæ, i. 165; occupation of, by the Dorians, ii. 6; and neighboring Dorians greater than Sparta, in 776 B. C., ii. 307; Dorian settlements in, ii. 308, 309, 311; early ascendency of, ii. 312, 320; subsequent decline of, ii. 321; acquisitions of Sparta from, ii. 448 seq.; military classification at, ii. 460; struggles of, to recover the headship of Greece, ii. 463 seq.; and Kleônæ, ii. 464; victorious war of Sparta against, B. C. 496-5, iv. 221 seq.; prostration of, B. C. 496-5, iv. 324; assistance of, to Ægina, v. 49; neutrality of, on the invasion of Xerxes, v. 64 seq.; position of, on its alliance with Athens about B. C. 461, v. 319 seq.; uncertain relations between Sparta and, B. C. 421, vii. 3; position of, on the peace of Nikias, vii. 11 seq.; the Thousand-regiment at, vii. 11; induced by the Corinthians to head a new Peloponnesian alliance, B. C. 421, vii. 13; joined by Matinea, vii. 14; joined by the Corinthians, vii. 17, 19; joined by Elis, vii. 19; refusal of Tegea to join, vii. 20; and Sparta, projected alliance between, vii. 24; and Bœotia, projected alliance between, vii. 24 seq.; conclusion of a fifty years’ peace between Sparta and, vii. 28 seq.; and Athens, alliance between, vii. 44, 51 seq.; embassy from, for alliance with Corinth, vii. 61; attack of, upon Epidaurus, vii. 65, 69; invasion of, by the Lacedæmonians and their allies, B. C. 418, vii. 71 seq.; Alkibiadês at, B. C. 418, vii. 75; political change at, through the battle of Mantinea, B. C. 418, vii. 89 seq.; treaty of peace between Sparta and, B. C. 418, vii. 92 seq.; alliance between Sparta and, B. C. 418, vii. 94; renounces alliance with Athens, Elis and Mantinea, vii. 94; oligarchical revolution at, vii, 96, 97; restoration of democracy at, vii. 100; renewed alliance of, with Athens, vii. 101; Alkibiadês at, B. C. 416, vii. 101; Lacedæmonian intervention in behalf of the oligarchy at, vii. 101, 102; envoys from, to the Athenian Demos at Samos, viii. 53; alliance of, with Thebes, Athens, and Corinth, against Sparta, ix. 284; consolidation of Corinth with, ix. 332; expedition of Agesipolis against, ix. 355 seq.; violent intestine feud at, x. 199 seq.

Argos, Amphilochian, capture of, by Phormio, vi. 121; attack of Ambrakiots on, vi. 180; Eurylochus’s projected attack upon, vi. 302.

Argus, destruction of Argeians in the grove of, iv. 321.

Aria, Alexander in, xii. 189.

Ariadnê, i. 220 seq.

Ariæus, flight of, after the battle of Kunaxa, ix. 47; and Klearchus, ix. 52, 54; and the Greeks after the battle of Kunaxa, ix. 54, 56, 62, 78.

Aridæus, Philip, xii. 319, 320, 334.

Ariobarzanes, intervention of, in Greece, x. 261; revolt of, x. 294 seq.; at the Susian Gates, xii. 171; death of, xii. 172.

Arion, iv. 78 seq.

Aristagoras and Megabatês, iv. 284; revolt of, iv. 285 seq., 292; application of, to Sparta, iv. 286 seq.; application of, to Athens, iv. 289; march of, to Sardis, iv. 290; desertion of the Ionic revolt by, iv. 296 seq.

Aristarchus, the Athenian, viii. 82.

Aristarchus, the Lacedæmonian, ix. 164 seq.

Aristeidês, constitutional change introduced by, iv. 145; character of, iv. 338 seq.; elected general, iv. 341; banishment of, by ostracism, v. 50; and Themistoklês, rivalry between, v. 50, 273; restoration of, from banishment, v. 110; joins the Greek fleet at Salamis, v. 130; slaughters the Persians at Psyttaleia, v. 136; equitable assessment of, upon the allied Greeks, v. 264 seq.; popularity of, after the Persian war, v. 278; death and poverty of, v. 289.

Aristeus, vi. 70, 73 seq. 182.

Aristo and Agêtus, iv. 326.

Aristocrats, Grecian, bad morality of, vi. 287.

Aristodêmus, ii. 2 seq.

Aristodêmus, king of Messenia, ii. 476.

Aristodêmus Malakus, iii. 359.

Aristodêmus, “the coward”, v. 94, 188.

Aristodêmus, the actor, xi. 373.

Aristodikus, iv. 201.

Aristogeitôn and Harmodius, iv. 111 seq.

Aristoklês and Hipponoidas, vii. 85, 89.

Aristokratês, king of Orchomenus, ii. 428, 437.

Aristokratês, the Athenian, vii. 368.

Aristomachê, x. 480.

Aristomenês, ii. 421, 428 seq.

Aristonikus of Methymna, xii. 142, 149.

Aristophanês, viii. 327; his reason for showing up Sokratês, viii. 408; his attack upon the alleged impiety of Sokratês, i. 400 n.; and Kleon, vi. 482 seq., 488.

Aristoteles the Spartan, xi. 2.

Aristotle on Spartan women, ii. 387; on the Spartan laws of property, ii. 408; meaning of the word Sophist in, viii. 354; formal logic of, viii. 429; novelties ascribed to Sokratês by, viii. 424; and Hermeias, xi. 441, 441 n.; instruction of Alexander by, xii. 3; and Alexander, political views of, compared, xii. 265 seq.

Aristoxenus, of Tarentum, xi. 154.

Aristus and Nikoteles, x. 466.

Arkas and Kallisto, i. 175.

Arkesilaus the Second, iv. 40; the Third, iv. 45 seq.

Arktinus, Æthiopis of, ii. 156.

Armenia, the Ten Thousand Greeks in, ix. 95 seq.

Armenus, i. 242.

Arnold, his edition of Thucydides, viii. 106 n.

Arrhibæus, vi. 400, 440, 443 seq.

Arrian on the Amazons, i. 216 seq.; conjecture of, respecting Geryôn, i. 249; on Darius’s plan against Alexander, xii. 110.

Arsakes at Antandrus, viii. 114.

Arsames, xii. 112.

Arsinoê, xii. 469 seq.

Arsites, xii. 78, 80.

Art, Grecian. iv. 98 seq.

Artabanus, v. 8 seq.

Artabazus, Xerxes’s general, siege of Potidæa and Olynthus by, v. 142; jealousy of, against Mardonius, v. 160; conduct of, at and after the battle of Platæa, v. 180, 182; and Pausanias, v. 254, 268.

Artabazus, satrap of Daskylium, xi. 230, 257, 300.

Artabazus, Darius’s general, xii. 183, 184, 188.

Artaphernês, satrap of Sardis, Hippias’s application to, iv. 277; and Histiæus, iv. 298, 309; proceedings of, after the conquest of Ionia, iv. 311; and Datis, Persian armament under, iv. 329; return of, to Asia, after the battle of Marathon, iv. 362.

Artaphernês, the Persian envoy, vi. 360 seq.

Artaxerxes Longimanus, v. 285 seq., vi. 361 seq.

Artaxerxes Mnemon, accession of, ix. 7; and Cyrus the Younger, viii. 312; ix. 7, 42 seq.; at Kunaxa, ix. 42 seq., 48, 52; death of, x. 366.

Artayktês, v. 198 seq.

Artemis, i. 10; worship of, in Asia, iii. 170.

Artemis Limnatis, temple of, ii. 424.

Artemisia, v. 119, 133, 139.

Artemisium, resolution of Greeks to oppose Xerxes at, v. 71; Greek fleet at, v. 79, 80, 97 seq.; sea-fight off, v. 99, 101; retreat of the Greek fleet from, to Salamis, v. 102.

Arthur, romances of, i. 476.

Artisans, at Athens, iii. 136 seq.

Arts, rudimentary state of, in Homeric and Hesiodic Greece, ii. 116.

Aryandes, Persian satrap of Egypt, iv. 47.

Asia, twelve Ionic cities in, iii. 172 seq.; Æolic cities in, iii. 190 seq.; collective civilization in, without individual freedom or development, iii. 303; state of, before the Persian monarchy, iv. 182; conquests of Cyrus the Great in, iv. 209; expedition of Greek fleet against, B. C. 478, v. 253; Alkibiadês in, viii. 144, 153 seq., 311 seq.; expedition of Timotheus to, x. 252, 294 seq.; Agesilaus in, x. 294, 296; measures of Alexander before going to, xii. 67; passage of Alexander to, xii. 69; review of Alexander’s army in, xii. 72; cities founded by Alexander in, xii. 267; Hellenized by the Diadochi, not by Alexander, xii. 269; how far really Hellenized, xii. 270.

Asia Minor, Greeks in, ii. 235; non-Hellenic people of, iii. 203, 205 seq.; features of the country of, iii. 205; Phrygian music and worship among Greeks in, iii. 212; predominance of female influence in the legends of, iii. 222; Cimmerian invasion of, iii. 245 seq.; conquest of, by the Persians, iv. 201; arrival of Cyrus the Younger in, viii. 135, 137.

Asia, Upper, Scythian invasion of, iii. 253.

Asiatic customs and religion blended with Hellenic in the Trôad, i. 338.

Asiatic Dorians, iii. 201, 202.

Asiatic frenzy grafted on the joviality of the Grecian Dionysia, i. 35.

Asiatic Greece, deposition of despots of, by Aristagoras, iv. 245.

Asiatic Greeks, conquest of, by Crœsus, iii. 259 seq.; state of, after Cyrus’s conquest of Lydia, iv. 198; application of, to Sparta, B. C. 546, iv. 199; alliance with, against Persia, abandoned by the Athenians, iv. 291; successes of Persians against, iv. 294; reconquest of, after the fall of Milêtus, iv. 306; first step to the ascendency of Athens over, v. 198; not tributary to Persia between B. C. 477 and 412, v. 339 n.; surrender of, to Persia, by Sparta, ix. 205; and Tissaphernes, x. 206; ix. 207; application of to Sparta for aid against Tissaphernes, ix. 207; after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 26 seq.; Spartan project for the rescue of, x. 44.

Asidates, ix. 172.

Askalaphus and Ialmenus, i. 130.

Asklepiadês of Myrlea, legendary discoveries of, i. 247 n. 4.

Asklêpiads, i. 181.

Asklêpius, i. 178 seq.

Asopius, son of Phormio, vi. 231.

Asopus, Greeks and Persians at, before the battle of Platæa, v. 158 seq.

Aspasia, vi. 98 seq.

Aspendus, Phenician fleet at, B. C. 411, viii. 99, 100, 114; Alkibiadês at, viii. 99; Alkibiadês, return from, to Samos, viii. 116; Alexander at, xii. 100.

Aspis, xii. 421.

Assembly, Spartan popular, ii. 345, 356; Athenian judicial, iv. 137, 140 seq.; Athenian political, iv. 139.

Assyria, relations of, with Egypt, iii. 324.

Assyrian kings, their command of human labor, iii. 302.

Assyrians and Medes, iii. 224 seq., 290 seq.; contrasted with Phenicians, Greeks, and Egyptians, iii. 303; and Phenicians, effect of, on the Greek mind, iii. 343 seq.

Astakus, vi. 135, 141.

Asteria, i. 6.

Asterius, i. 220.

Astræus, i. 6; and Eôs, children of, i. 6.

Astronomy, physical, thought impious by ancient Greeks, i. 346 n.; and physics, knowledge of, among the early Greeks, ii. 114.

Astyages, story of, iv. 182 seq.

Astyanax, death of, i. 305.

Astyochus, expedition of, to Ionia, vii. 383; at Lesbos, vii. 384; at Chios and the opposite coast, vii. 391; accidental escape of, vii. 392; and Pedaritus, vii. 393, 394; and Tissaphernês, treaty between, vii. 395 seq.; mission of Lichas and others respecting, vii. 397; victory of, over Charmînus, and junction with Antisthenês, vii. 397; at Rhodes, viii. 94; at Milêtus, viii. 97; recall of, viii. 98.

Atalanta, i. 56, 145 seq.

Atarneus, captured and garrisoned by Derkyllidas, ix. 219; Hermeias of, xi. 441, and n. 3.

Atê, i. 7.

Athamas, i. 123 seq.

Athenagoras, vii. 184 seq.

Athênê, birth of, i. 10; various representations of, i. 54; her dispute with Poseidon, i. 56, 191; Chalkiœkus, temple of, and Pausanias, v. 272; Polias, reported prodigy in the temple of, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 109.

Athenian, victims for the Minôtaur, i. 221; ceremonies commemorative of the destruction of the Minôtaur, i. 223; democracy, Kleisthenês, the real author of, iv. 139; people, judicial attributes of, iv. 140; nobles, early violence of, iv. 152; energy, development of, after Kleisthenês’s revolution, iv. 176; seamen, contrasted with the Ionians at Ladê, iv. 300; dikasts, temper of, in estimating past services, iv. 372; democracy, origin of the apparent fickleness of, iv. 375 seq.; envoy, speech of, to Gelo, v. 219; parties and politics, effect of the Persian war upon, v. 274 seq.; empire, v. 290 seq., 304 n. 2, 346, vi. 398 seq., 44 n., 48; viii. 281-290; power, increase of, after the formation of the Delian confederacy, v. 313; auxiliaries to Sparta against the Helots, v. 317 seq.; democracy, consummation of, v. 380; armament against Samos, under Periklês, Sophoklês, etc., vi. 26 seq.; private citizens, redress of the allies against, vi. 38; assembly, speeches of the Korkyræan and Corinthian envoys to, vi. 58 seq.; navel attack, vi. 63; envoy, reply of, to the Corinthian envoy, at the Spartan assembly, vi. 85 seq.; expedition to ravage Peloponnesus, B. C. 431, vi. 134; armament to Potidæa and Chalkidic Thrace, B. C. 429, vi. 191; assembly, debates in, respecting Mitylênê. vi. 244, 248 seq.; assembly, about the Lacedæmonian prisoners in Sphakteria, vi. 328 seq.; assembly, on Demosthenes’ application for reinforcements to attack Sphakteria, vi. 334 seq.; hoplites, at the battle of Amphipolis, vi. 477; fleet, operations of, near Messênê and Rhegium, B. C. 425, vii. 133; assembly and the expedition to Sicily, vii. 145, 147 seq., 279; treasury, abundance in, B. C. 415, vii. 164; fleet in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 302, 303 seq., 315 seq., 325 seq.; prisoners at Syracuse, vii. 344 seq.; fleet at Samos, B. C. 412, vii. 394; democracy, securities in, against corruption, vii. 402; assembly, vote of, in favor of oligarchical change, viii. 14; assembly, at Kolônus, viii. 35; democracy, reconstitution of, at Samos, viii. 46; squadron, escape of from Sestos to Elæus, viii. 105; fleet at Kynossêma, viii. 109 seq.; fleet at Abydos, viii. 117 seq.; fleet, concentration of, at Kardia, viii. 120; fleet, at the Bosphorus, B. C. 410, viii. 127; fleet at Arginusæ, viii. 170 seq.; assembly, debate in, on the generals at Arginusæ, viii. 178-186, 190-194; fleet, inaction of, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 211; fleet, removal of, from Samos to Ægospotami, viii. 215; fleet, capture of, at Ægospotami, viii. 216 seq.; kleruchs and allies after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 223; tragedy, growth of, viii. 317, 319; mind, influence of comedy on, viii. 331 seq.; character not corrupted between B. C. 480 and 405, viii. 374 seq.; confederacy, new, B. C. 378, x. 192 seq.; and Theban cavalry, battle of, near Mantinea, B. C. 362, x. 333 seq.; marine, reform in the administration of, by Demosthenês, xi. 462 seq.

Athenians and the Hêrakleids, i. 94; and Sigeium, i. 339; and Samians, contrast between, iv. 247; active patriotism of, between B. C. 500-400, iv. 178; diminished active sentiment of, after the Thirty Tyrants, iv. 180; alliance with Asiatic Greeks abandoned by, iv. 291; Darius’s revenge against, iv. 297; terror and sympathy of, on the capture of Milêtus, iv. 309; appeal of, to Sparta, against the Medism of Ægina, iv. 318; condition and character of, B. C. 490, iv. 334; application of, to Sparta, before the battle of Marathon, iv. 341; victory of, at Marathon, iv. 348 seq., 358; alleged fickleness and ingratitude of, towards Miltiadês, iv. 370 seq.; answers of the Delphian oracle to, on the eve of Xerxes’s invasion, v. 59; Pan-Hellenic patriotism of, on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 63 seq.; hopeless situation of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106; conduct of, on the approach of Xerxes, v. 107, seq.; victory of, at Salamis, v. 115, 132 seq.; honor awarded to, after the battle of Salamis, v. 146; under Pausanias in Bœotia, v. 164; and Alexander of Macedon, before the battle of Platæa, v. 170; and Spartans at Platæa, v. 171, 174; victory of, at Platæa, v. 179 seq.; and continental Ionians, after the battle of Mykalê, v. 199; attack the Chersonese, B. C. 479, v. 200; the leaders of Grecian progress after the battle of Salamis, v. 242; rebuild their city after the battle of Platæa, v. 243; effect of the opposition to the fortification of Athens upon, v. 246; induced by Themistoklês to build twenty new triremes annually, v. 252; activity of, in the first ten years of their hegemony, v. 294 seq., 303; renounce the alliance of Sparta, and join Argos and Thessaly, v. 319 seq.; proceedings of, in Cyprus, Phœnicia, Egypt, and Megara, B. C. 460, v. 321; defeat the Æginetans, B. C. 459, v. 323; defeat of at Tanagra, v. 328; victory of, at Œnophyta, v. 331; sail round Peloponnesus under Tolmidês, v. 331; march against Thessaly, v. 334; defeat and losses of, in Egypt, B. C. 460-455, v. 383; victories of, at Cyprus, under Anaxikratês, v. 337; defeat of, at Korôneia, v. 348; personal activity of, after the reforms of Periklês and Ephialtês, vi. 1; settlements of, in the Ægean, during the Thirty years’ truce, vi. 11; pride of, in the empire of Athens, vi. 9; decision of, respecting Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 62; victory of near Potidæa, vi. 73; blockade of Potidæa by, vi. 74; counter-demand of, upon Sparta, for expiation of sacrilege, vi. 105; final answer of, to the Spartans before the Peloponnesian war, vi. 110; expel the Æginetans from Ægina, B. C. 431, vi. 186; ravage of the Megarid by, in the Peloponnesian war, vi. 137; irritation of, at their losses from the plague and the Peloponnesians, vi. 164; energetic demonstration of, B. C. 428, vi. 226; their feeling and conduct towards the revolted Mitylenæans, vi. 249 seq., 255 seq.; and Lacedæmonians at Pylus, armistice between, vi. 324; demands of, in return for the release of the Lacedæmonians in Sphakteria, vi. 329; and Bœotians, debate between, after the battle of Delium, B. C. 424, vi. 393 seq.; discontent of, with Sparta, on the non-fulfilment of the peace of Nikias, vii. 10; recapture of Skiônê by, vii. 22; and Amphipolis, vii. 104, xi. 215, 233 seq.; siege and capture of Mêlos by, vii. 109 seq.; treatment of Alkibiadês by, for his alleged profanation of the mysteries, vii. 211 seq.; victory of, near the Olympieion at Syracuse, vii. 221 seq.; forbearance of, towards Nikias, vii. 227 seq.; not responsible for the failure of the Sicilian expedition, B. C. 415, vii. 227 n.; defeat of, at Epipolæ, B. C. 414, vii. 277; conduct of, on receiving Nikias’s despatch, B. C. 414, vii. 279, 280 seq.; victory of, in the harbor of Syracuse, B. C. 413, vii. 316; and Syracusans, conflicts between, in the Great Harbor, vii. 291, 294 seq., 317 seq., 323 seq.; postponement of their retreat from Syracuse by an eclipse of the moon, vii. 315; blockade of, in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 319 seq., 329 seq.; and Corinthians near Naupaktus, vii. 358 seq.; resolutions of, after the disaster at Syracuse, vii. 362 seq.; suspicions of, about Chios, vii. 368; defeat Alkamenês and the Peloponnesian fleet, vii. 369; effect of the Chian revolt on, vii. 372; harassing operations of, against Chios, B. C. 412, vii. 345 seq., 391, 393; victory of, near Milêtus, B. C. 412, vii. 385, 387; retirement of, from Milêtus, B. C. 412, vii. 388; naval defeat of, near Eretria, B. C. 411, viii. 72 seq.; moderation of, on the deposition of the Thirty and the Four Hundred, viii. 88 seq., 300 seq.; victory of, at Kyzikus, viii. 121; convention of, with Pharnabazus, about Chalkêdon, viii. 132; capture of Byzantium by, viii. 134; different behavior of, towards Alkibiadês and Nikias, viii. 158; victory of, at Arginusæ, viii. 173 seq.; remorse of, after the death of the generals at Arginusæ, viii. 205; first proposals of, to Sparta after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 227; repayment of the Lacedæmonians by, after the restoration of the democracy, B. C. 403, viii. 305; their treatment of Dorieus, ix. 272 seq.; restoration of the Long Walls at Corinth by, ix. 338; and Evagoras of Cyprus, ix. 365, 375; successes of Antalkidas against, ix. 344; their alleged envy of distinguished generals, x. 108 n. 2; and Alexander of Pheræ, x. 283; project of, to seize Corinth, B. C. 366, x. 289; and Charidemus in the Chersonese, B. C. 360-358, x. 377 seq.; the alliance of Olynthus rejected by, B. C. 358, xi. 236; their remissness in assisting Methônê, xi. 260; change in the character of, between B. C. 431 and 360, xi. 279; prompt resistance of, to Philip at Thermopylæ, xi. 296; expedition of, to Olynthus, B. C. 349, xi. 346; capture of, at Olynthus, xi. 365, 372; letters of Philip to, xi. 411, 416, 417; and the Phokians at Thermopylæ, B. C. 374-346, xi. 418 seq.; letter of Philip to, declaring war, B. C. 340, xi. 456 seq.; refusal of, to take part in the Amphiktyonic proceedings against Amphissa, xi. 478; Philip asks the Thebans to assist in attacking, xi. 483 seq.; and Thebans, war of, against Philip in Phokis, xi. 493, 495 seq.; and Philip, peace of Demades between, xi. 507 seq.; their recognition of Philip as head of Greece, xi. 507, 511 seq.; captured at the Granikus, xii. 105; champions of the liberation of Greece, B. C. 323, xii. 312; helpless condition of, B. C. 302-301, xii. 385.

Athens, historical, impersonal authority of law in, ii. 81; treatment of homicide in, ii. 92 seq.; military classification at, ii. 460; meagre history of, before Drako, iii. 48; tribunals for homicide at, iii. 77; local superstitions at, about trial of homicide, iii. 79; pestilence and suffering at, after the Kylonian massacre, iii. 82; and Megara, war between, about Salamis, iii. 90 seq.; acquisition of Salamis by, iii. 91 seq.; state of, immediately before the legislation of Solon, iii. 93 seq.; rights of property sacred at, iii. 105, 112 seq.; rate of interest free at, iii. 108; political rights of Solon’s four classes at, iii. 120 seq.; democracy at, begins with Kleisthenês, iii. 127; distinction between the democracy at, and Solon’s constitution, iii. 131; Solon’s departure from, iii. 147; Solon’s return to, iii. 153; connection of, with Thracian Chersonesus, under Peisistratus, iv. 117 seq.; after the expulsion of Hippias, iv. 126; introduction of universal admissibility to office at, iv. 145; necessity for creating a constitutional morality at, in the time of Kleisthenês, iv. 153; application of, for alliance with Persia, iv. 165; and Platæa, first connection between, iv. 166; successes of, against Bœotians and Chalkidians, iv. 170; war of Ægina against, iv. 173, 316; application of Aristagoras to, iv. 289; treatment of Darius’s herald at, iv. 316; traitors at, B. C. 490, iv. 356, 358; penal procedure at, iv. 368 n.; and Ægina war between, from B. C. 488 to 481, v. 47, 49 seq., 50, 53, 323; first growth of the naval force of, v. 51; fleet of, the salvation of Greece, v. 53; and Sparta, no heralds sent from Xerxes to, v. 57; Pan-Hellenic congress convened by, at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 58 seq.; and Ægina, occupation of, Xerxes, v. 109, 112 seq.; Mardonius at, v. 154 seq.; first step to the separate ascendancy of, over Asiatic Greeks, v. 200; conduct of, in the repulse of the Persians, v. 242; Long Walls at, v. 244 seq., 322 seq., ix. 325 seq.; plans of Themistoklês for the naval aggrandizement of, v. 249 seq.; increase of metics and commerce at, after the enlargement of Piræus, v. 251; headship of the allied Greeks transferred from Sparta to, v. 256 seq.; and Sparta, first open separation between, v. 258 seq., 290; proceedings of, on being made leader of the allied Greeks, v. 263 seq.; stimulus to democracy at, from the Persian war, v. 275; changes in the Kleisthenean constitution at, after the Persian war, v. 275 seq.; long-sighted ambition imputed to, v. 293; enforcing sanction of the confederacy of Delos exercised by, v. 298; increasing power and unpopularity of among the allied Greeks, v. 299 seq.; as guardian of the Ægean against piracy, between B. C. 476-466, v. 304; bones of Theseus conveyed to, v. 304, 305; quarrel of, with Thasos, B. C. 465, v. 309, 311; first attempt of, to found a city at Ennea Hodoi on the Strymon, v. 310; alliance of, with Megara, B. C. 461, v. 321; growing hatred of Corinth and neighboring states to, B. C. 461, v. 321; war of, with Corinth, Ægina, etc., B. C. 459, v. 322 seq.; reconciliation between leaders and parties at, after the battle of Tanagra, v. 329; acquisition of Bœotia, Phokis, and Lokris by, v. 331; and the Peloponnesians, five years’ truce between, v. 334; and Persia, treaty between, B. C. 450, v. 335 seq.; fund of the confederacy transferred from Delos to, v. 343; position and prospects of, about B. C. 448, v. 344 seq.; commencement of the decline of, v. 346 seq.; and Delphi, B. C. 452-447, v. 346; loss of Bœotia by, v. 347 seq.; despondency at, after the defeat at Korôneia, v. 350; and Sparta, thirty years’ truce between, v. 350; and Megara, feud between, v. 351; magistrates and Areopagus in early, v. 352; increase of democratical sentiment at, between the time of Aristeidês and of Periklês, v. 355; choice of magistrates by lot at, v. 355; oligarchical party at, v. 361; maritime empire of, vi. 2 seq., viii. 281-293, ix. 199 seq.; maritime revenue of, vi. 5 seq., 6, n. 1, 36; commercial relations of, in the Thirty years’ truce, vi. 11; political condition of, between B. C. 445-431, vi. 15 seq.; improvements in the city of, under Periklês, vi. 20 seq., 23 seq.; Periklês’s attempt to convene a Grecian congress at, vi. 25; application of the Samians to Sparta for aid against, vi. 29; funeral ceremony of slain warriors at, vi. 31; and her subject-allies, vi. 33 seq., 48; and Sparta, confederacies of, vi. 49; reinforcement from, to Korkyra against Corinth, vi. 57 seq., 67; and Corinth, after the second naval battle between Corinth and Korkyra, vi., 69 seq.; and Perdikkas, vi. 71 seq., 449, seq., vii. 96; non-aggressive, between B. C. 445-431, vi. 76; Megara prohibited from trading with, vi. 76; hostility of the Corinthians to, after their defeat near Potidæa, vi. 77; discussion and decision of the Spartan assembly upon war with, B. C. 431, vi. 79 seq.; position and prospects of, on commencing the Peloponnesian war, vi. 94 seq., 113 seq., 121 seq.; requisitions addressed to, by Sparta, B. C. 431, vi. 97 seq., 106 seq.; assembly at, on war with Sparta, B. C. 431, vi. 108 seq.; conduct of, on the Theban night-surprise of Platæa, vi. 119 seq.; and the Akarnanians, alliance between, vi. 121; crowding of population into, on Archidamus’s invasion of Attica, vi. 129; and Sicily, relations of, altered by the quarrel between Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 130; clamor at, on Archidamus’s ravage of Acharnæ, vi. 131; measures for the permanent defence of, B. C. 431, vi. 138 seq.; alliance of Stitalkês with, vi. 141, 215 seq.; freedom of individual thought and action at, vi. 149 seq.; position of, at the time of Periklês’s funeral oration, vi. 152; the plague at, vi. 154 seq., 293; proceedings of, on learning the revolt of Mitylênê, vi. 223; exhausted treasury of, B. C. 428, vi. 232; new politicians at, after Periklês, vi. 245 seq.; revolutions at, contrasted with those at Korkyra, vi. 283; political clubs at, vi. 290; and the prisoners in Sphakteria vi. 325 seq., 353 seq., vii. 6 seq.; fluctuation of feeling at, as to the Peloponnesian war, vi. 355; and her Thracian subject-allies, vi. 405 seq.; and Brasidas’s conquests in Thrace, vi. 413; and Sparta, one year’s truce between, B. C. 423, vi. 432 seq.; and Sparta, relations between, B. C. 423-422, vi. 449, 452 seq.; necessity for voluntary accusers at, vi. 486; and Sparta, alliance between, B. C. 421, vii. 5; application of Corinthians to, B. C. 421, vii. 20; Lacedæmonian envoys at, about Panaktum and Pylus, B. C. 420, vii. 29; and Argos, alliance between, B. C. 420, vii. 43 seq.; convention of, with Argos, Mantineia, and Elis, B. C. 420, vii. 49 seq.; policy of, attempted by Alkibiades, B. C. 419, vii. 62 seq.; attack of, upon Epidaurus, B. C. 419, vii. 64, 66; and Sparta, relations between, B. C. 419, vii. 69; and Argos, renewed alliance between, B. C. 417, vii. 101; and Sparta, relations between, B. C. 416, vii. 103; Sicilian expedition, vii. 132, 142, 144 seq., 163 seq., 364 seq.; mutilation of the Hermæ at, vii. 167 seq., 197 seq.; injurious effects of Alkibiadês’s banishment upon, B. C. 415, vii. 216; Nikias’s despatch to, for reinforcements, B. C. 414, vii. 274 seq.; and Sparta, violation of the peace between, B. C. 414, vii. 286; effects of the Lacedæmonian occupation of Dekeleia on, vii. 354 seq.; dismissal of Thracian mercenaries from, 357 seq.; revolt of Chios, Erythræ, and Klazomenæ from, B. C. 412, vii. 371; appropriation of the reserve fund at, vii. 373; loss of Teos by, B. C. 412, vii. 374; revolt of Lebedos and Eræ from, B. C. 412, vii. 375; loss and recovery of Lesbos by, B. C. 412, vii. 384 seq.; recovery of Klazomenæ by, B. C. 412, vii. 384; rally of, during the year after the disaster at Syracuse, viii. 1; conspiracy of the Four Hundred at, viii. 1, 7 seq., 31 seq.; loss of Orôpus by, viii. 25; arrival of the Paralus at, from Samos, viii. 30; constitutional morality of, viii. 25; restoration of democracy at, B. C. 411, viii. 69 seq., 77 seq., 81 seq., 89; contrast between oligarchy at, and democracy at Samos, B. C. 411, viii. 91 seq.; revolt of Byzantium from, B. C. 411, viii. 97; revolt of Abydos and Lampsakus from, viii. 94; revolt of Kyzikus from, viii. 112; zeal of Pharnabazus against, viii. 113; proposals of peace from Sparta to, B. C. 410, viii. 122 seq.; return of Alkibiadês to, B. C. 407, viii. 145 seq.; fruitless attempt of Agis to surprise, B. C. 407, viii. 150; complaints at, against Alkibiadês, B. C. 407, viii. 152 seq.; conflicting sentiments at, caused by the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 175; alleged proposals of peace from Sparta to, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 210; condition of her dependencies, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 213 seq.; oath of mutual harmony at, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 225; surrender of, to Lysander, viii. 226 seq.; return of oligarchical exiles to, B. C. 404, viii. 234; oligarchical party at, B. C. 404, viii. 235; imprisonment of Strombichidês and other democrats at, B. C. 404, viii. 236; the Thirty tyrants at, viii. 237, 240 seq., ix. 182 seq., 186 seq., 198; Lacedæmonian garrison at, under Kallibius, viii. 242; alteration of feeling in Greece after the capture of, by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275; restoration of Thrasybulus and the exiles to, viii. 279; restoration of the democracy at, B. C. 403, viii. 280, 294, 295, 295 seq., 308 seq.; condition of, B. C. 405-403, viii. 293; abolition of Hellenotamiæ and restriction of citizenship at B. C. 403, viii. 310 seq.; development of dramatic genius at, between the time of Kleisthenês and of Eukleidês, viii. 318 seq., 327 seq.; accessibility of the theatre at, viii. 321; growth of rhetoric and philosophy at, viii. 338 seq.; literary and philosophical antipathy at, viii. 348; enlargement of the field of education at, viii. 349; sophists at, viii. 350 seq., 399; banishment of Xenophon from, ix. 175; Theban application to, for aid against Sparta, B. C. 395, ix. 291 seq.; alliance of Thebes, Corinth, Argos and, against Sparta, ix. 301; contrast between political conflicts at, and at Corinth, ix. 330 n. 3; alarm at, on the Lacedæmonian capture of the Long Walls at Corinth, ix. 340; and Ægina, B. C. 389, ix. 372 seq.; financial condition of, from B. C. 403 to 387, ix. 378 seq.; creation of the Theôric Board at, ix. 379; property-taxes at, ix. 380 n.; and the peace of Antalkidas, x. 2, 12; applications of, to Persia, B. C. 413, x. 7, 8; and Evagoras, x. 18 seq.; naval competition of, with Sparta, after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 42 seq.; and Macedonia, contrast between, x. 47; Theban exiles at, after the seizure of the Kadmeia by Phœbidas, x. 61, 80 seq.; condemnation of the generals at, who had favored the enterprise of Pelopidas, x. 96; contrast between judicial procedure at, and at Sparta, x. 102; hostility of, to Sparta, and alliance with Thebes, B. C. 378, x. 102 seq.; exertions of, to form a new maritime confederacy, B. C. 378, x. 103 seq.; absence of Athenian generals from, x. 108 n. 2; synod of new confederates at, B. C. 378, x. 112; nature and duration of the Solonian census at, x. 113 seq.; new census at, in the archonship of Nausinikus, x. 115 seq.; symmories at, x. 117 seq.; financial difficulties of, B. C. 374, x. 133; displeasure of, against Thebes, B. C. 374, x. 133, 159; separate peace of, with the Lacedæmonians, B. C. 374, x. 137, 141; disposition of, towards peace with Sparta, B. C. 372, x. 158, 164; and the dealings of Thebes with Platæa and Thespiæ, B. C. 372, x. 162 seq.; and the peace of, B. C. 371, x. 167, 172; and Sparta, difference between in passive endurance and active energy, x. 187; the Theban victory at Leuktra not well received at, x. 189; at the head of a new Peloponnesian land confederacy, B. C. 371, x. 201; application of Arcadians to, for aid against Sparta, B. C. 370, x. 213; application of Sparta, Corinth, and Phlius to, for aid against Thebes, B. C. 369, x. 234 seq.; ambitious views of, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 244 seq.; and Sparta, alliance between, B. C. 369, x. 253; embassies from, to Persia, x. 278, 280, 293; loss of Orôpus by, B. C. 366, x. 286; alliance of, with Arcadia, B. C. 366, x. 288; partial readmission of, to the Chersonese, B. C. 365, x. 295 seq.; and Kotys, x. 298 seq., 372, 373; Theban naval operations against, under Epaminondas, x. 303 seq.; naval operations of Alexander of Pheræ against, x. 370; and Miltokythes, x. 372; restoration of the Chersonese to, B. C. 358, x. 379; transmarine empire of, B. C. 358, x. 381; condition of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 199; proceedings of Philip towards, on his accession, xi. 212; and Eubœa, xi. 217 seq., 340 seq.; surrender of the Chersonese to, B. C. 358, xi. 219; revolt of Chios, Kos, Rhodes, and Byzantium from, B. C. 358, xi. 220 seq., 231; armaments and operations of, in the Hellespont, B. C. 357, xi. 224; loss of power to, from the Social War, xi. 232; Philip’s hostilities against, B. C. 358-356, xi. 237; recovery of Sestos by, B. C. 353, xi. 257; intrigues of Kersobleptes and Philip against, B. C. 353, xi. 258; countenance of the Phokians by, B. C. 353, xi. 262; applications of Sparta and Megalopolis to, B. C. 353, xi. 263, 290; alarm about Persia at, B. C. 354, xi. 285; Philip’s naval operations against, B. C. 351, xi. 304 seq.; and Olynthus, xi. 326, 331, 334, 345 seq., 365, 372; and Philip overtures for peace between, B. C. 348 xi. 368 seq.; application of the Phokians to, for aid against Philip at Thermopylæ, xi. 376 seq.; embassies to Philip from, xi. 379 seq.; 401 seq., 422, 430 seq.; resolution of the synod of allies at, respecting Philip, xi. 388; assemblies at, in the presence of the Macedonian envoys, xi. 390 seq.; envoys from Philip to, xi. 386, 387, 390, 398, 401; motion of Philokrates for peace and alliance between Philip and, xi. 390 seq.; ratification of peace and alliance between Philip and, xi. 398 seq., 429 seq.; alarm and displeasure at, on the surrender of Thermopylæ to Philip, xi. 423; professions of Philip to, after his conquest of Thermopylæ, xi. 425; and the honors conferred upon Philip by the Amphiktyons, xi. 429; and Philip, formal peace between, from B. C. 346 to 340, xi. 442; mission of Python from Philip to, xi. 446; and Philip, proposed amendments in the peace of, B. C. 346, between, xi. 446 seq.; and Philip, disputes between, about the Bosporus and Hellespont, xi. 450; increased influence of Demosthenes at, B. C. 341-338, xi. 452; services of Kalias the Chalkidian to, B. C. 341, xi. 452; and Philip, declaration of war between, B. C. 340, xi. 455 seq.; votes of thanks from Byzantium and the Chersonese to, xi. 461; accusation of the Amphissians against, at the Amphiktyonic assembly, B. C. 339, xi. 470 seq.; and Thebes, unfriendly relations between, B. C. 339, xi. 484; proceedings at, on Philip’s fortification of Elateia and application to Thebes for aid, xi. 484 seq. 491; and Thebes, alliance of, against Philip, B. C. 339, xi. 490; Demosthenes crowned at, xi. 493, 495; proceedings at, on the defeat at Chæroneia, xi. 502 seq.; lenity of Philip towards, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 505; means of resistance at, after the battle of, Chæroneia, xi. 508; honorary votes at, in favor of Philip, xi. 509; sentiment at, on the death of Philip, xii. 10; submission of, to Alexander, xii. 12; conduct of, on Alexander’s violation of the convention at Corinth, xii. 17 seq.; proceedings at, on the destruction of Thebes by Alexander, xii. 44; Alexander demands the surrender of anti-Macedonian leaders at, xii. 45; pacific policy of, in Alexander’s time, xii. 277 seq.; position of parties at, during and after the anti-Macedonian struggle of Agis, xii. 286; submission of, to Antipater, xii. 322 seq.; state of parties at, on the proclamation of Polysperchon, xii. 345; Kassander gets possession of, xii. 361; under Demetrius Phalereus, xii. 362 seq.; census at, under Demetrius Phalereus, xii. 363; Demetrius Poliorketes at, xii. 373 seq., 382, 384 seq., 388; alteration of sentiment at, between B. C. 338 and 307, xii. 376; in B. C. 501 and 307, contrast between, xii. 377; restrictive law against philosophers at, B. C. 307, xii. 379; embassy to Antigonus from, xii. 380; political nullity of, in the generation after Demosthenes, xii. 392; connection of, with Bosporus or Pantikapæum, xii. 480 seq.

Athos, iv. 23; colonies in, iv. 25; Mardonius’s fleet destroyed near, iv. 314; Xerxes’s canal through, v. 21 seq.

Atlas, i. 6, 8, 9.

Atossa, iv. 252.

Atreids, i. 157.

Atreus, i. 155 seq.

Atropos, i. 7.

Attalus, the Macedonian, xi. 513; and Pausanias, xi. 515; death of, xi. 518.

Attalus, uncle of Kleopatra, death of, xi. 8.

Attic legends, i. 191 seq.; chronology. commencement of, iii. 49; gentes, iii. 54 seq.; demes, iii. 63, 66, 68, iv. 133 n.; law of debtor and creditor, iii. 99, 109 n.; scale, ratio of, to the Æginæan and Euboic, iii. 171; Dionysia, iv. 69.

Attica original distribution of, i. 193; division of, by Kekrops, i. 195; obscurity of the civil condition of, before Solon, iii. 49; alleged duodecimal division of, in early times, iii. 50; four Ionic tribes in, iii. 50 seq.; original separation and subsequent consolidation of communities in, iii. 69; long continuance of the cantonal feeling in, iii. 70; state of, after Solon’s legislation, iii. 154; Spartan expeditions to, against Hippias, iv. 122; Xerxes in, v. 111 seq.; Lacedæmonian invasion of, under Pleistoanax, v. 349; Archidamus’s invasions of, vi. 129 seq., 154, 221; Lacedæmonian invasion of, B. C. 427, vi. 239; invasion of, by Agis, B. C. 413, vii. 288; king Pausanias’s expedition to, viii. 275 seq.

Augê, i. 177.

Augeas, i. 139.

Aulis, Greek forces assembled at, against Troy, i. 293 seq.; Agesilaus at, ix. 258.

Ausonians, iii. 355.

Autoklês at the congress at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 165; in the Hellespont, x. 371 seq.

Autolykus, i. 119.

Azan, i. 176.

B.

Babylon, iii. 291 seq.; Cyrus’s capture of, iv. 213 seq.; revolt, and reconquest of, by Darius, iv. 231 seq.; Alexander at, xii. 168 seq., 248 seq.; Harpalus satrap of, xii. 240.

Babylonian scale, ii. 319; kings, their command of human labor, iii. 302.

Babylonians, industry of, iii. 300; deserts and predatory tribes surrounding, iii. 304.

Bacchæ of Euripides, i. 262 n.

Bacchiads, ii. 307, iii. 2.

Bacchic rites, i. 33, 34, 38.

Bacchus, birth of, i. 260; rites of, i. 261.

Bacon and Sokratês, viii. 450 n. 1; on the Greek philosophers, viii. 454 n. 3.

Bad, meaning of, in early Greek writers, ii. 64; double sense of the Greek and Latin equivalents of, iii. 45 n. 4.

Bagæus and Orœtês, iv. 230.

Bagoas, xi. 439, 441, xii. 76, 237.

Baktria, Alexander in, xii. 201, 206, 215 seq.

Barbarian, meaning of, ii. 276; and Grecian military feeling, contrast between, vi. 446.

Bards, ancient Grecian, ii. 136, 143.

Bardylis, defeat of, by Philip, xi. 215.

Barka, modern observations of, iv. 32 n. 2, 36 n. 3, 37 n.; foundation of, iv. 42; Persian expedition from Egypt against, iv. 48; capture of, iv. 48; submission of, to Kambysês, iv. 220.

Basilids, iii. 162 n. 4, 188.

Batis, governor of Gaza, xii. 144.

Battus, founder of Kyrênê, iv. 30 seq.; dynasty of, iv. 40 seq.; the Third, iv. 43.

Bebrykians, iii. 207, 208.

Bellerophôn, i. 121 seq.

Bêlus, temple of, iii. 297.

Bequest, Solon’s law of, iii. 139.

Berœa, Athenian attack upon, vi. 76 n. 2.

Bessus, xii. 183 seq., 202, 206.

Bias, i. 91, 109 seq.

Bisaltæ, the king of, iv. 21, v. 43.

Bithynia, Derkyllidas in, ix. 216.

Bithynians, iii. 207.

Boar, the Kalydônian, i. 147, 148 seq.

Bœotia, affinities of, with Thessaly, ii. 18; transition from mythical to historical, ii. 19; cities and confederation of, ii. 295; Mardonius in, v. 153, 161; Pausanias’s march to, v. 168; supremacy of Thebes in, restored by Sparta, v. 319, 326; expedition of the Lacedæmonians into, B. C. 458, v. 326 seq.; acquisition of, by Athens, v. 331; loss of, by Athens, v. 347 seq., 351 n.; scheme of Demosthenês and Hippokratês for invading, B. C. 424, vi. 379; and Argos, projected alliance between, B. C. 421, vii. 24 seq.; and Sparta, alliance between, B. C. 420, vii. 26; and Eubœa, bridge connecting, viii. 112, 118; Agesilaus on the northern frontier of, ix. 315; expeditions of Kleombrotus to, x. 94 seq., 129; expulsion of the Lacedæmonians from, by the Thebans, B. C. 374, x. 135; proceedings in, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 188; retirement of the Spartans from, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 190; extinction of free cities in, by Thebes, xi. 201; successes of Onomarchus in, xi. 293; reconstitution of, by Alexander, xii. 48.

Bœotian war, ix. 295 seq.; cities after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 29, 33.

Bœotians, ii. 14 seq. 293 seq.; and Chalkidians, successes of Athens against, iv. 171; and Athenians, debate between, after the battle of Delium, vi. 403 seq.; at peace during the One year’s truce between Athens and Sparta, vi. 457; repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 3; refuse to join Argos, B. C. 421, vii. 16.

Bϙtus, genealogy of, i. 256 n. 2, ii. 18 n. 3.

Bogês, v. 295.

Bomilkar, xii. 416 seq., 435.

Boreas, i. 6, 199, 200.

Bosporus, Alkibiades and the Athenian fleet at the, viii. 125; Autokles in the, x. 372; disputes between Philip and Athens about, xi. 450.

Bosporus or Pantikapæum, xii. 479 seq.

Bottiæans, iv. 14, 19 n.

Boulê, Homeric, ii. 65; and Agora, ii. 74.

Branchidæ and Alexander, xii. 202 seq.

Brasidas, first exploit of, vi. 135; and Knêmus, attempt of, upon Peiræus, vi. 211; at Pylus, vi. 324; sent with Helot and other Peloponnesian hoplites to Thrace, vi. 370; at Megara, vi. 376 seq.; march of, through Thessaly to Thrace, vi. 399 seq.; and Perdikkas, relations between, vi. 400, 450, 443 seq.; prevails upon Akanthus to revolt from Athens, vi. 402 seq.; proceedings of, at Argilus, vi. 408, 409; at Amphipolis, vi. 408 seq., 476 seq.; repelled from Eion, vi. 411; capture of Lêkythus by, vi. 424; revolt of Skiônê to, vi. 435 seq.; and Perdikkas, proceedings of, towards Arrhibæus, vi. 400, 440, 443 seq.; personal ascendency of, vi. 412, 425; operations of, after his acquisition of Amphipolis, vi. 420; surprises and takes Toronê, vi. 422; acquisition of Mendê by, vi. 439; retreat of, before the Illyrians, vi. 447 seq.; Lacedæmonian reinforcement to, vi. 449; attempt of, upon Potidæa, vi. 450; opposition of, to peace on the expiration of the One year’s truce, vi. 455; death and character of, vi. 473, 474, 479 seq.; speech of, at Akanthus, ix. 193 seq.; language of, contrasted with the acts of Lysander, ix. 194.

Brazen race, the, i. 65.

Brennus, invasion of Greece by, xii. 390.

Briarcus, i. 5.

Bribery, judicial, in Grecian cities, v. 188.

Brisêis, i. 294.

Bromias, xi. 298.

Brontês, i. 5.

Brundusium, iii. 391.

Brute, the Trojan, i. 482 seq.

Bruttians, xi. 10, 133.

Bryant, hypothesis on the Trojan war, i. 330 n. 1; on Palæphatus, i. 418 n.

Bryas, vii. 99.

Budini, iii. 244.

Bukephalia, xii. 229, 233.

Bull, Phalaris’s brazen, v. 205 n.

Bura, destruction of, x. 157.

Butadæ, i. 197.

Byblus, surrender of, to Alexander, xii. 130.

Byzantium, iv. 27; extension of the Ionic revolt to, iv. 291; Pausanias at, v. 268, 280; revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 411, viii. 97; Klearchus, the Lacedæmonian, sent to, viii. 128; capture of, by the Athenians, viii. 134; mission of Cheirisophus to, ix. 125; return of Cheirisophus from, ix. 144; the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 154 seq.; revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 220 seq., 231; mission of Demosthenes to, xi. 453; siege of, by Philip, xi. 459; vote of thanks from, to Athens, xi. 461; Philip concludes peace with, xi. 461.

C.

Calabrian peninsula, Dionysius’s projected wall across, xi. 43.

Calycê, i. 137.

Campanians, xi. 9; of Ætna, x. 407.

Canacê, i. 136 n.

Carthage, iii. 273; foundation and dominion of, iii. 345 seq.; and Tyre, amicable relations of, iii. 348; projected expedition of Kambysês against, iv. 220; empire, power, and population of, x. 391 seq.; and her colonies, x. 394; military force of, x. 396 seq.; political constitution of, x. 397 seq.; oligarchical system and sentiment at, x. 398 seq.; powerful families at, x. 400; intervention of, in Sicily, B. C. 410, x. 401 seq.; and Dionysius, x. 469, 473, 481, 483; distressat, on the failure of Imilkon’s expedition against Syracuse, x. 511; danger of, from her revolted Libyan subjects, B. C. 394, x. 511; Dionysius renews the war with, xi. 41 seq.; Dionysius concludes an unfavorable peace with, xi. 42; new war of Dionysius with, xi. 44; danger from, to Syracuse, B. C. 344, xi. 134; operations of Agathokles on the eastern coast of, xii. 419 seq.; sedition of Bomilkar at, xii. 435.

Carthaginian invasion of Sicily, B. C. 480, v. 221 seq.; fleet, entrance of, into the Great Harbor of Syracuse, x. 498.

Carthaginians, and Phenicians, difference between the aims of, iii. 275; and Greeks, first known collision between, iii. 348; peace of, with Gelo, after the battle of the Himera, v. 225; and Egestæans, victory of, over the Selinuntines, x. 404; blockade and capture of Agrigentum by, x. 405 seq.; plunder of Syracuse by, x. 482; in Sicily, expedition of Dionysius against, x. 483 seq.; naval victory of, off Katana, x. 495; before Syracuse, x. 499 seq., 506 seq.; defeat of, in the Great Harbor of Syracuse, x. 501; in Sicily, frequency of pestilence among, xi. 1; purchase the robe of the Lakinian Hêrê, xi. 23; and Hipponium, xi. 43; invade Sicily, B. C. 340, xi. 170, 171; Timoleon’s victory over, at the Krimêsus, xi. 174 seq.; peace of Timoleon with, xi. 182; their defence of Agrigentum against Agathokles, xii. 406 seq.; victory of, over Agathokles at the Himera, xii. 408 seq.; recover great part of Sicily from Agathokles, xii. 409; expedition of Agathokles to Africa against, xii. 410 seq.; religious terror of after the defeat of Hanno and Bomilkar, xii. 418; success of, against Agathokles in Numidia, xii. 427; victories of, over Archagathus, xii. 439; Archagathus blocked up at Tunês by, xii. 439, 441; victory of, over Agathokles near Tunês, xii. 442; nocturnal panic in the camp of, near Tunês, xii. 442; the army of Agathokles capitulate with, after his desertion, xii. 443.

Caspian Gates, xii. 182 n. 2.

Castes, Egyptian, iii. 314 seq.

Catalogue in the Iliad, i. 290 seq., ii. 157.

Cato the elder, and Kleon, vi. 485 n., 486 n.

Census, nature and duration of the Solonian, x. 113 seq.; in the archonship of Nausinikus, x. 114 seq.

Centaur Nessus, i. 151.

Centimanes, i. 8.

Ceremonies, religious, a source of mythes, i. 62, 63.

Cestus, iv. 57 n. 2.

Chabrias, defeat of Gorgôpas by, ix. 375; proceedings of between B. C. 387-378, x. 105; at Thebes, x. 127; victory of, near Naxos, x. 130 seq.; at Corinth, x. 258; in Egypt, x. 361, 362; and Charidemus, x. 379; death of, xi. 223.

Chæreas, viii. 30, 46.

Chæroneia, victory of the Thebans over Onomarchus at, xi. 257; battle of, B. C. 338, xi. 498 seq.

Chaldæan priests and Alexander, xii. 249, 254.

Chaldæans, iii. 290 seq.

Chalkêdon and Alkibiadês, viii. 126, 132.

Chalkideus, expedition of, to Chios, vii. 370, 371 seq.; and Tissaphernes, treaty between, vii. 376; defeat and death of, vii. 385.

Chalkidians, Thracian, iv. 22 seq., vi. 183, 396; of Eubœa, successes of Athens against, iv. 170.

Chalkidikê, success of Timotheus in, x. 294; three expeditions from Athens to, B. C. 349-348, xi. 334 n., 349; success of Philip in, xi. 350 seq., 364.

Chalkis, iii. 164 seq.; retirement of the Greek fleet to, on the loss of three triremes, v. 80.

Chalybes, iii. 252, ix. 106 seq., 110.

Champions, select, change in Grecian opinions respecting, ii. 451.

Chaonians, iii. 413 seq.

Chaos, i. 4; and her offspring, i. 4.

Chares, assistance of, to Phlius, x. 272; recall of, from Corinth, x. 287; unsuccessful attempt of, to seize Corinth, x. 289; in the Chersonese, B. C. 358, x. 379; at Chios, xi. 374; in the Hellespont, xi. 224; accusation of Iphikrates and Timotheus by, xi. 226 seq.; and Artabazus, xi. 230; conquest of Sestos by, xi. 258; expedition of, to Olynthus, xi. 349; at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 502; capitulation of, at Mitylênê, xii. 142.

Charidemus, x. 251; and Iphikrates, x. 299; and Timotheus, x. 300, 301; and Kephisodotus, x. 374, 377; and Kersobleptes, x. 376, 377; and the Athenians in the Chersonese, B. C. 360-358, x. 377 seq.; and Miltokythes, x. 378; his popularity and expedition to Thrace, xi. 307; expedition of, to Chalkidikê, xi. 349; put to death by Darius, xii. 108.

Charidemus and Ephialtes, banishment of, xii. 46.

Chariklês, expedition of, to Peloponnesus, B. C. 413, vii. 288; and Peisander, vii. 198.

Charilaus and Lykurgus, ii. 344; the Samian, iv. 249.

Charites, the, i. 10.

Charitesia, festival of, i. 128.

Charlemagne, legends of, i. 475.

Charmandê, dispute among the Cyreian forces near, ix. 35.

Charmînus, victory of Astyochus over, vii. 397.

Charon the Theban, x. 81 seq.

Charondas, iv. 417.

Charopinus, iv. 290.

Cheirisophus, ix. 80; and Xenophon, ix. 92, 95, 106 seq.; at the Kentritês, ix. 99; mission of, to Byzantium, ix. 125; return of, from Byzantium, ix. 144; elected sole general of the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 145; death of, ix. 148.

Chersonese, Thracian, iv. 27; connection of, with Athens under Peisistratus, iv. 117 seq.; attacked by the Athenians, B. C. 479, v. 201; operations of Periklês in, vi. 10; retirement of Alkibiadês to, B. C. 407, viii. 159; fortification of, by Derkyllidas, ix. 218; partial readmission of Athenians to, B. C. 365, x. 296 seq.; Epaminondas near, x. 301, 306; Timotheus at, x. 302, 306, 368; Ergophilus in the, x. 369 seq.; Kotys in the, x. 373; Kephisodotus in the, x. 374; Charidemus and the Athenians in the, x. 377 seq.; restoration of, to Athens, B. C. 358, x. 379, xi. 219; Kersobleptes cedes part of, to Athens, xi. 258; speech of Demosthenes on, xi. 451; mission of Demosthenes to, xi. 453; votes of thanks from, to Athens, xi. 461.

Chians at Ladê, iv. 304; activity of, in promoting revolt among the Athenian allies, vii. 374; expedition of, against Lesbos, vii. 382 seq.; improved condition of, B. C. 411, viii. 94.

Chimæra, the, i. 7.

Chios, foundation of, iii. 147; Histiæus at, iv. 299; an autonomous ally of Athens, vi. 2; proceeding of Athenians at, B. C. 425, vi. 360; application from, to Sparta, B. C. 413, vii. 365; the Lacedæmonians persuaded by Alkibiadês to send aid to, vii. 367; suspicions of the Athenians about, B. C. 412, vii. 368; expedition of Chalkideus and Alkibiadês to, vii. 369 seq.; revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 412, vii. 371 seq.; expedition of Strombichidês to, vii. 374; harassing operations of the Athenians against, B. C. 412, vii. 385 seq., 391, 393; prosperity of, between B. C. 480-412. vii. 387; defeat of Pedaritus at, viii. 20; removal of Mindarus from Milêtus to, viii. 101; voyage of Mindarus from, to the Hellespont, viii. 102, 102 n.; revolution at, furthered by Kratesippidas, viii. 140; escape of Eteonikus from Mitylenê to, viii. 175, 189; Eteonikus at, viii. 211; revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 220 seq., 231; repulse of the Athenians at, B. C. 358, xi. 223; acquisition of, by Memnon, xii. 105; capture of, by Macedonian admirals, xii. 141.

Chivalry, romances of, i. 475 seq.

Chlidon, x. 84.

Chœrilus, Näke’s comments on, ii. 137 n.; poem of, on the expedition of Xerxes into Greece, v. 39 n.

Choric training at Sparta and Krête, iv. 84 seq.

Choriênes, Alexander’s capture of the rock of, xii. 214.

Chorus, the Greek, iv. 83; improvements in, by Stesichorus, iv. 87.

Chronicle of Turpin, the, i. 475.

Chronological calculation destroys the religious character of mythical genealogies, i. 446; table from Clinton’s Fasti Hellenici, ii. 36 seq.; computations, the value of, dependent on the trustworthiness of the genealogies, ii. 41; evidence of early poets, ii. 45.

Chronologists, modern, ii. 37.

Chronologizing attempts indicative of mental progress, ii. 56.

Chronology of mythical events, various schemes of, ii. 34 seq.; Alexandrine, from the return of the Herakleids to the first Olympiad, ii. 304; of Egyptian kings from Psammetichus to Amasis, iii. 330 n. 2; Egyptian, iii. 339 seq.; Grecian, between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars, v. 304 n. 2; of the period between Philip’s fortification of Elateia and the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 494 n. 2.

Chrysaor, i. 1, 7.

Chryseis, i. 294.

Chrysippus, i. 160.

Chrysopolis, occupation of, by the Athenians, viii. 127.

Cimmerian invasion of Asia Minor, iii. 249 seq.

Cimmerians, iii. 234; driven out of their country by the Scythians, iii. 247 seq.

Circê and Æêtês, i. 252.

Clinton’s Fasti Hellenici, chronological table from, ii. 36 seq.; opinion on the computations of the date of the Trojan war, ii. 39; vindication of the genealogies, ii. 42 seq.

Coined money, first introduction of, into Greece, ii. 318.

Comedy, growth, development, and influence of, at Athens, viii. 325 seq.

Comic poets, before Aristophanês, viii. 327; writers, mistaken estimate of, as witnesses and critics, viii. 332 seq.

Commemorative influence of Grecian rites, i. 454 seq.

Congress at Corinth, B. C. 421, vii. 13-15; at Sparta, B. C. 421, vii. 24; at Mantinea, B. C. 419, vii. 67 seq.

Conón on the legend of Kadmus, i. 258.

Constitutional forms, attachment of the Athenians to, viii. 41; morality, necessity for creating, in the time of Kleisthenês, iv. 159.

Corinth, origin of, i. 119 seq.; Dorians, at, ii. 9; early distinction of, ii. 113; isthmus of, ii. 216; Herakleid kings of, ii. 306; Dorian settlers at, ii. 309; despots at, iii. 39 seq.; great power of, under Periander, iii. 43; Sikyôn and Megara, analogy of, iii. 47; voyage from, to Gadês in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C., iii. 277; relations of Korkyra with, iii. 404 seq.; and Korkyra, joint settlements of, iii. 405 seq.; relations between the colonies of, iii. 407; decision of, respecting the dispute between Thebes and Platæa, iv. 166; protest of, at the first convocation at Sparta, iv. 175; Pan-Hellenic congress at the Isthmus of, v. 57 seq.; rush of Peloponnesians to the Isthmus of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106; growing hatred of, to Athens, B. C. 461, v. 320; operations of the Athenians in the Gulf of, B. C. 455, v. 332; and Korkyra, war between, vi. 51 seq.; and Athens, after the naval battle between Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 69 seq.; congress at, B. C. 421, vii. 13, 15 seq.; and Syracuse, embassy from, to Sparta, vii. 235; synod at, B. C. 412, vii. 368; altered feeling of, after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275; alliance of, with Thebes, Athens, and Argos, against Sparta, ix. 301; anti-Spartan allies at, ix. 302; battle of, ix. 307 seq., 317; Pharnabazus and the anti-Spartan allies at, ix. 320; philo-Laconian party at, B. C. 392, ix. 328 seq.; coup d’état of the government at, ix. 329; contrast between political conflicts at, and at Athens, ix. 330 n. 3; and Argos, consolidation of, B. C. 392, ix. 332; victor of the Lacedæmonians within the Long Walls at ix. 333 seq.; the Long Walls of, partly pulled down by the Lacedæmonians, ix. 335; the Long Walls of, restored by the Athenians, and taken by Agesilaus and Teleutias, ix. 345 seq.; and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 387, x. 12; application of, to Athens, for aid against Thebes, x. 234 seq.; Iphikrates at, x. 237; and the Persian rescript in favor of Thebes, x. 282; project of the Athenians to seize, B. C. 366, x. 289; peace of, with Thebes, B. C. 366, x. 290 seq.; application from Syracuse to, B. C. 344, xi. 134; message from Hiketas to, xi. 143; Dionysius the Younger at, xi. 151 seq.; reinforcement from, to Timoleon, xi. 152, 155, 157; efforts of, to restore Syracuse, xi. 167, 168; Philip chosen chief of the Greeks at the congress at, xi. 511; convention at, under Alexander, B. C. 336, xii. 13 seq.; violations of the convention at, by Alexander, xii. 16 seq.; Alexander at, B. C. 335, xii. 48.

Corinthian envoys, speech of, to the Athenian assembly, in reply to the Korkyræans, vi. 59; speech of, to the Spartan assembly, against Athens, vi. 82 seq.; speech of, at the congress of allies at Sparta, vi. 93 seq.

Corinthian genealogy of Eumelus, i. 119 seq.;

Corinthian Gulf, naval conflicts of Corinthians and Lacedæmonians in, ix. 326; territory, Nikias’s expedition against, vi. 355 seq.; war, commencement of, ix. 301.

Corinthians, early commerce and enterprise of, iii. 1; behavior of, at Salamis, v. 145; defeated by Myronides, v. 324; procure the refusal of the Samians’ application to Sparta for aid against Athens, vi. 30, 50; instigate Potidæa, the Chalkidians and Bottiæans to revolt from Athens, vi. 65 seq.; defeat of, near Potidæa, vi. 73; strive to excite war against Athens after their defeat near Potidæa, vi. 78; repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 2; induce Argos to head a new Peloponnesian alliance, vii. 12; hesitate to join Argos, vii. 16, 62; join Argos, vii. 18; application of, to the Bœotians and Athenians, B. C. 421, vii. 20; and Karneia, vii. 308 n. 1; and Athenians, naval battle between, near Naupaktus, vii. 358 seq.; and Lacedæmonians, naval and land conflicts between, B. C. 393, ix. 333 seq.

Courts of Requests, their analogy to Athenian dikasteries, v. 399 n. 1.

Creditor and debtor, law of, at Athens before Solon, iii. 95; Roman law of, iii. 159.

Criticisms on the first two volumes of this history, reply to, i. 408 n.

Crœsus and Solon, alleged interview between, iii. 149 seq.; moral of Herodotus’s story about, iii. 153; reign and conquests of, iii. 258 seq.; power and alliances of, iv. 182; and Cyrus, war between, iv. 188 seq.; and the oracles, iv. 189, 190, 193; solicits the alliance of Sparta, iv. 190; fate of, impressive to the Greek mind, iv. 195.

Cumæ in Campania, iii. 357 seq.

Cyclades, ii. 214, iii. 163; Themistoklês levies fines on, v. 141.

Cycle, epic, ii. 122 seq.

Cyclic poets, ii. 122 seq.

Cyclôpes, i. 4, 5.

Cyprus, influence of Aphroditê upon, i. 5; Solon’s visit to, iii. 148; Phenicians and Greeks in, iii. 277; extension of the Ionic revolt to, iv. 291; subjugation of, by Phenicians and Persians, iv. 293; conquest of, by the Turks in 1570, iv. 293 n.; expedition to, under Kimon, v. 335; before and under Evagoras, x. 14 seq.; subjugation of, to the Persian king Ochus, xi. 437; surrender of the princes of, to Alexander, xii. 137.

Cyrenaica, iv. 36 n. 3, 37 n.

Cyropædia, Xenophon’s, iv. 183.

Cyrus the Great, early history and rise of, iv. 183 seq.; and Crœsus, war between, iv. 188 seq.; and the Lacedæmonians, iv. 199; conquests of, in Asia, iv. 209; capture of Babylon by, iv. 211 seq.; exploits and death of, iv. 215; effects of his conquests upon the Persians, iv. 216 seq.; the tomb of, xii. 237.

Cyrus the Younger, arrival of, in Asia Minor, B. C. 408, viii. 135, 137; Lysander’s visits to, at Sardis, viii. 140 seq., 214; pay of the Peloponnesian fleet by, viii. 143; and Kallikratidas, viii. 162; entrusts his satrapy and revenues to Lysander, viii. 214; and Artaxerxes Mnemon, viii. 312, ix. 8 seq.; youth and education of, ix. 5; his esteem for the Greeks and hopes of the crown, ix. 6; charge of Tissaphernes against, ix. 7; strict administration and prudent behavior of, ix. 9; forces of, collected at Sardis, ix. 11; march of, from Sardis to Kunaxa, ix. 14 seq.; assistance of Epyaxa to, ix. 18; review of his troops at Tyriæum, ix. 19; and Syennesis, ix. 20; at Tarsus, ix. 21 seq.; desertion of Xenias and Pasion from, ix. 28; at Thapsakus, ix. 29 seq.; in Babylonia, ix. 35 seq.; speech of, to his Greek forces in Babylonia, ix. 36; his conception of Grecian superiority, ix. 37; his present to the prophet Silanus, ix. 40; passes the undefended trench, ix. 41; at Kunaxa, ix. 42 seq.; character of, ix. 49; probable conduct of, towards Greece, if victorious at Kunaxa, ix. 51; and the Asiatic Greeks, ix. 207.